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GEOL 204 The Fossil Record Notable figures who worked at the Spring 2020 Section 0104 Rhynie Chert Mckenzi Priest, Leah Williams, Raz Yona, John Yannone ● William Mackie discovered the Chert (1910-1913) ● Robert Kidstonto and William Henry Lang both worked A. A photograph of Rhynie Village, located B. Locality map for Rhynie, N.E. to describe the fossils that were found (1917-1921)

approximately 50km northwest of . The Rhynie Chert is at the ● Alexander Geoffrey Lyon sparked new interest Aberdeen. Rhynie Chert is located very top of a sequence of Devonian (1963-1971) close to Rhynie Village. (5) sediments in a narrow basin, sitting ● The University of Munster performed research on older igneous & metamorphic (1980-1987) rocks. (5) ● Aberdeen University did performed research and confirmed the chert was formed by a hot spring C. Early Devonian Age (416-358 Ma). (1988-1997) North America, Greenland, and Europe were E. A photo of Dr. William united into a single Northern Hemisphere Mackie the researcher who landmass known as Laurasia.The Earth’s oceans discovered the Rhynie Chert. Bibliogaphy covered approximately eighty five percent of He was a medical practitioner who went on the excursion to 1. “What is Rhynie Chert?”, https://www.abdn.ac.uk/rhynie/what.htm the Devonian globe. the location of the Chert and 2. “Simplified Geological Map of the Rhynie Outlier”, found the unusual siliceous https://www.abdn.ac.uk/rhynie/geology.htm rocks incorporated into a 3. “Geology and Setting”. Geology of the Rhynie Chert. D. Referred to as the “Age of Fishes” because dry-stone wall field boundary. https://www.abdn.ac.uk/rhynie/geology.htm . Accessed 27 April 2020. of the abundant and great diversity of creatures. 4. “What is the Rhynie Chert?”. What is the Rhynie Chert? The environment was characterized by hot https://www.abdn.ac.uk/rhynie/what.htm Accessed 27 April 2020 F. The Rhynie Chert is known for springs and geysers in the Scotland area 5. “History of Research at Rhynie” containing well preserved fossil https://www.abdn.ac.uk/rhynie/history.htm Accessed 27 April 2020 specifically. The Rhynie Chert formed when and animals which is why it 6. “The Rhynie chert” silica-rich water from volcanic springs rose is one of the most important rapidly and petrified the early terrestrial fossils sites in geological history. https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdf/S0960-9822(19)31370-3.pdf Accessed 27 April 2020 ecosystem. The Rhynie Chert preserved a With these fossils we are able to 7. House, Michael R. “Devonian Period.” Encyclopædia Britannica, community of freshwater plants, animals, reconstruct early land-based Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 1 Apr. 2020, bacteria, and fungi. ecosystems. (8) www.britannica.com/science/Devonian-Period. 8. “History and contemporary significance of the Rhynie cherts-our earliest preserved terrestrial ecosystem.”, G. A plethora of plants and arthropods are preserved in the Rhynie https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5745325/, Accessed 04 Chert including , , Rhynia, Harvestmen, Mites, May 2020 Myriapods, and more. In general, there is a larger number of plants 9. “The Rhynie Chert Flora”. The Rhynie Chert Flora. preserved in the Rhynie Chert than there are arthropods. In addition, the plants are better preserved due to there being a large number of https://www.abdn.ac.uk/rhynie/flora.htm. Accessed 04 May 2020. only animal fragments (9).