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Home , John Lindley, Marie Stopes, Rhynia

Index

Numbers in italic refer to figures, numbers in bold refer to tables

acetate peel technique 219, 243, 251 British Antarctic Survey, collaboration with Sheffield Alethopteris decurrens 70, 71,121 Palynology School 265,266 Alethopteris lonchitica Sternberg 43, 44 British Association for the Advancement of Science Alps, Venetian, work of Baron Achille de Zigno 87-88, meetings 91 1870 Liveqgool 114 Andersson, J.G. (1874-1960) 294, 296 1887 Manchester 234, 236 angiosperms 1889 Newcastle upon Tyne 155 work of Marie Stopes 130-131 1904 Cambridge 209 see also dicotyledons work of Arthur Raistrick 164 Annularia 9 British Museum (Natural History) collections, , discovery of 129, 156 Williamson 150, 251 Aptian, permineralized wood 130-131 Brongniart, Adolphe (1801-76) 32, 42, 53, 55, 59, 114, Araucarioxylon arizonicum 98 116 Arber, Edward Alexander Newell (1870-1918) 149, Histoire des v~g~taux fossiles 53-59 209 Brookes, Richard (c. 1750) 10, 11 Argentina 281-289, 283 Natural History 7, 8, 11 Argentine scientists 288-289 Brora, Sutherland, fossil collection of Hugh Miller 69, C6rdoba University 285 73-74 early naturalist-explorers 281-284 Buckland, Dean William (1784-1856) 20, 49 Germanic School of Sciences 284-287 Buckland, Mary see Morland, Mary gold rush 289 Burdiehouse, limestone 70 Arizona Territory, fossil forests 96--98, 100-101 Burmeister, Hennann (1807-92) 284, 285 Artisia 47 Butterworth, John 140, 142 Ashmolean Museum 7, 8 Buxus balearica 29 Asteria 8 Asterophyllites equisetiformis 42, 43, 154 Calamites 51, 57, 113, 114, 115, 119, 124, 140, 154, 183, 233, 242, 252 215 Astroites 8 Calamites nodosa Sternberg 47 Auinger, E.Antonin (c.1800-1821) 45, 45, 47, 52 Calder, Mary 230, 240, 245-246 Avt-Lallemant, Hermann (Germ~in) (I 835-1910) 286 calotype 78 Azara, Ftlix de (1746-1821) 28 t-282 Canada, geological conservation 95-96, 105-106 Capieux, Johann Stephan (1748-1813) 42-43 Bacon, Francis (1561-1626) 5 Balfour, Isaac Bayley (1853-1922) 197, 198, 198, 199, fossil flora 31, 32 204, 234 Joggins fossil forest, Nova Scotia 95-96, 97, Balfour, John Hutton (1808-84) 197, 206, 207 105-106 balsam transfer method 219, 243,251 palynology 260, 261,263 Baragwanathia 218,243 , work of Hugh Miller 66, 70, 71 Batten, David 248, 252 work of D.H.Scott 156 Beckett, James 246, 248, 251 work of Emity Dix 181-189, 191,192 Bennettitales 30, 90, 91,232, 233 work of James Lomax 137, 138 Berg, Carlos (1843-1902) 287 work of John Lindley 31 Berghes, D. 45, 49 work of Marie Stopes 131,132,241 Bible, literalism 76-77, see also Deluge, Biblical work of Robert Kidston 149 Binney, Edward 230-231,232, 234 work of William Crawford Williamson 140, 232 Black Isle see Eathie Cardiocarpon 37, 156 Blackburn, Kathleen 166 Carruthers, William 114, 119 Blastotepis otozamitis 91, 92 Cash, William (1834-1914) 140-141 Bodenbender, Wilhelm (Guiltermo) (1857-1941) 287 Cenozoic, fossil flora 31 Bolton, Herbert 249 Chang, C.Y. (1895-1975) 296 Bonpland, Aim6 (1773-1858) 284 Charlton, Alan 247 Both, Franz Jan (born 1792) 45, 48, 49, 52 China Boullemier, E 55, 56, 57 20th century 293-297 Bower, Frederick Orpen (1855-1948) 198-201,200, 203, Song dynasty 293 205-206, 209, 209, 214-215,217-218,218, Chow, T.H.(1893-1967) 294 234 Cladophlebis denticulata 72, 73 Brachyphyllum 73 cladoxy169, 70 Brackebusch, Ludwig (1849-1906) 285 clays, post glacial 75

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Coal Measures fossil flora 30, 112-114 work of Hugh Miller 65-67, 68-69 palynology 166-167, 168-170, 170-173, 172, 260 work of Sir William Dawson 153,154 Museum collection 251 Dick, Robert 64, 68, 70 work of Emily Dix 181-189 Dickson, Alexander 199 work of Henry Steinhauer 18, 19 dicotyledons work of H.H.Higgins 112-126 work of John Lindley 31-32, 33, 34 work of John Lindley 31 Ding Wen-Jiang see Ting, V.K. work of Lesley Rowsell Moore 260 Dix, Emily (1904-72) 181-193, 182, 189, 216, work of W.C.Williamson 232, 234 238 coal-balls 147, 241 Bedford College 184-190 work of Marie Stopes 128, 132 Coal Measures of South Wales 182-183, 191 work of W.C.Williamson 139, 140, 232 criticism of Kidston's classification 192, 216 Colson, Barbara 250-251 early life 181 conservation, geological 95 Macrofloral of the South Wales Canada 95-96, 105-106 Coalfield 186-187, 192 Great Britain 98, 101-105 Macrofloras of the Millstone Grit and Lower Coal USA 96-98, 100-101 Measures 185-186 Conwentz, Hugo Wilhelm (1855-1922) 286 mental illness 190 Cookson, Isabel 218, 240, 242, 243,250 Staffordian Series 183-184 collaboration with W.H.Lang 218, 243 Stephanian macrofloras 188-190 Corda, August Karl Joseph (1809-1849) 45, 49, 51, Doering, Adolf (1848-1926) 285 52 Downie, Charles 260-262, 263 Cordaites 9, 183 Drury, Helen Cusack 246, 248, 249, 251-252 C6rdoba University, Argentina 285 Dus6n, Per Karl Hjalmar (1855-1926) 289 Courtin, E 55, 56 Creation, date of 8 Eathie, Black Isle, fossil collecting of Hugh Miller 65-66, 68-69, 71-72, 74 angiosperms, work of Marie Stopes 130-131 and its Neighbourhood 67 Lower, fossil flora 31 Eigg, Isle of, fossil collection of Hugh Miller 74-75 see also Wealden Enlightenment, Age of 6-7 Croft, William Noble 244-245 Eocene, fossil flora, work of John Lindley 29, 35 Cromarty, work of Hugh Miller 63-69, 71-72 evolution cryptogamia 85, 91, 116, 197, 205 Darwinism 156 Culm Measures, Devon 30 John Lindley 31-32 Cusack, Helen see Drury cuticle preparation Farey, John (1766-1826) 17, 20 work of Achille de Zigno 88 ' Ledges' fossils 131 work of Joan Watson 247, 251 work of John Lindley 33, 35 fossil 17, 21-22, 32, 33, 91, 20 Cycadaceae 91, !28, 239 work of Frederick Price Marrat 116 Cycadopteris brauniana Zigno 89 work of Henry Hugh Higgins 113, 114, 120-123 Cyclopteris 33, 119 fish, Devonian, work of Hugh Miller 65-66 Fisher, Helen 246, 248 Darwin, Charles (1809-82) 95, 156, 282, 284 Flood, Noah's see Deluge, Biblical Davies, David 183, 186, 215 Flora der Vorwelt 44-52, 45, 59 Dawson, Sir John William (1820-99) 95-96, 153, Flora fossilis formationis oolithicae 87, 88, 89, 90, 154 91-92 De la Beche, Sir Henry Thomas (1796-1855) 29-30 Fontana, Luis Jorge (1846-1920) 288 De Zigno, Baron Achille (1813-92) 85-94, 86 Footprints of the Creator 76, 78 early life 85-86 forests Flora fossilis formationis oolithicae 87, 88, 89, 90, fossil 95 91-92 Arizona Territory, USA 96-98, 100-101,102, 103, fossil collection 87, 92 104 publications 87 conservation 98, 100-107 research 86-88 Darwin's Petrified Forest, Argentina 284, 285 Venetian Alps 87-88 Fossil Grove, Glasgow 98, 99, 100, 101, 103, 105, taxonomy 88, 91-92 208 Decaisne, Joseph (1807-1882) 55, 56 Joggins, Nova Scotia 95, 96, 97, 105-106 Deluge, Biblical 8, 9-10, 77, 111 Wadsley, Sheffield 98, 101,103, 105, 105 Derby, Earl of see Stanley, Edward Smith, 13th Earl of 'formed stones' 7, 8 Derby Fossil Flora of Great Britain 29-32, 34, 35-38 Deutschlands Flora 44-45 Fossil Grove, Victoria Park, Glasgow 98, 99, 100, 101, development, progressive 32, see also evolution 103, 105,208

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fossils Hall, Nicola see Harrison collections Halonia 113, 115 Ashmolean Museum 7 Hancock Museum, Newcastle 31 Buckland, William 49 Harrison, Nicola 248 de Zigno, Baron Achille, University of Padua 87, 92 Hartley, Richard 252 Dix, Emily 190, 193 Hartog, Marcus, work with W.C.Williamson 236 Hancock Museum, Newcastle 31 Hautal, Rudolf (1854-1928) 286-287 Higgins, H. H., Ravenhead collection 112-114 Hayes, Peta 246, 248 Hutton, William 30 Helmsdale, Sutherland, fossil collecting of Hugh Miller Kidston, Robert 72, 73 Geological Survey 216-217 Herbarium Diluvianum 111 Hunterian Museum, Glasgow 150, 217, 220-221 Hick, Thomas (1840-96) 142, 236, 238 Lomax, James 139 Hickling, Henry George Albert 241,249 Manchester University Museum 150, 249-250, 251 Hicklingia 241,242 Miller, Hugh, National Museums of Scotland 67-75, Higgins, Reverend Henry Hugh (1814-93) 112, 124 72, 79, 80-84 Ravenhead collection 112-126 Mus6um National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 53 Histoire des vdgdtaux fossiles 53-59 Scarborough Museum 31 Hofmeister, Wilhelm Friedrich Benedict (1824-77) 197, Sheffield Palynology School 268 205 Steinhauer, Henry, 18, 19-20, 24 Hohe, Christian (1798-1869) 45, 52 Sternberg, Kaspar Maria von, N~irodn~o Muzea 44, Holden, Henry Smith 241 45 Hooke, Robert (1635-1703) Walton, John, Department, University of inventions 5-6 Glasgow 219 Micrographia 6 early theories 8, 10, 41 Hornea 233, 242, 252 'formed stones' 7, 8 Hsti Jen (1910-1992) 296, 297 'tongue stones' 8 Hu Hsen-Hsu (1894-1968) 295,297 preparation Hu Xian-Su see Hu Hsen-Hsu work of George Bryant 261 Hunterian Museum, Glasgow work of James Lomax 139, 142-143,144 collection of Emily Dix 190, 193 work of Joan Watson 251 collection of Robert Kidston 217, 220-221 work of John Walton 219, 243,251 Hutton, William work of William Nicol 197 The Fossil Flora of Great Britain 29-33, 35, 116 preservation in situ 95-107 Franks, John 250 illustration 30, 41-60 Fujii, Professor Kuyiro 129, 130, 239, 240 calotype 78 Fulneck, Yorkshire, work of Henry Steinhauer 14-15 copper plate etching 42 fusain 133 lithography 53, 55, 59 photographic 78, 210 Geinitz, Harms Bruno (1814-1900) 285 Isoetes 33, 311 Geological Conservation Review 103 Geological Society of 16, 17 Jackson, Wilfred 238, 249 Geological Survey, collection of Robert Kidston 216-217 Joggins, Nova Scotia, fossil forest 95, 96, 97, 105-106 Glasgow, Fossil Grove 98, 99, 100, 101,103, 104, 105, Jolley, David 265,266, 267 208 Journal des Savants 6 Glasgow University Botany Department 197-223,203, 204, 221 Gristhorpe Bay Bower Building fire 221-223,221,223, 225 fossil cuticles 33 Kidston Collection 150, 219-221 fossil flora 30 Walton Figured Slide Collection 219 Scotland glossopetrae 8 work of Hugh Miller 65, 70-71, 74 Glossopteris 129-130, 149, 156-158, 159 work of Marie Stopes 129 Goldsmith, Oliver (1728-74) 11 Stonesfield Flora 49, 52 Gondwanaland 91,129, 156-157 Venetian Alps, work of Baron Achille de Zigno 87-88 Grandori, Luigia 88, 92 grasses 32 Kidston, Robert (1852-1924) 141,149, 206-210, 216 Great Britain, geological conservation 98, 101-105 classification 183-184 Gwynne-Vaughan, David Thomas (1871-1915) 201-202, collaboration with D.T.Gwynne-Vaughan 209-210, 204, 205-206, 209 210, 211,213, 214 at Birkbeck College 212 collaboration with James Lomax 149 at Queen's University 212-213 collaboration with W.H.Lang 214-215,242 collaboration with Robert Kidston 209-210, 210, 211, Fossil Grove, Glasgow 208 214 Fossil of the Carboniferous of Great Britain 149 ill health 213 influence of W.C.Williamson 234-235

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Kidston, Robert (1852-1924) continued Lyell, Sir Charles (1797-1875) 95-96 library destroyed by fire 222-223 Lyginopteris hoeninghausii (Brongniart) Gothan 58, 59 thin slide collection 150, 216-217, 220-221 use of photographic plates 210 maceral 133 work on Ravenhead collection 124-125 maceration, acid 33, 35, 88 Kurtz, Fritz (1854-1920) 287 Macrofloral Biostratigraphy of the South Wales Coalfield 186-187 Lagenstoma 149, 241 Macrofloras of the Millstone Grit and Lower Coal Lancashire Measures 185-186 fossils 111 Malapeux, Charles Louis 55, 56 popular interest in fossil plants 230 Manchester Museum 249-250 Lancashire and Yorkshire Palaeobotanical Society 142 Manchester University, Botany Department 129, Lang, William Henry (1874-1960) 201-202, 205-206, 229-252, 230, 239 209, 210, 212-213, 217, 217, 220, 237, 238, Manton, Irene 237, 244, 245,251 249 Mariopteris 70, 125 collaboration with Isabel Cookson 218, 243 Marrat, Frederick Price 117, 124 collaboration with Robert Kidston 214-215, 242 work on the Ravenhead collection 116-119, 120, Professor of Cryptogamic Botany, Manchester 122 University 241-242, 244-245 Martin, William (1767-1810), Petrificata Derbiensis Laurus dulcis 29 16 Laveineopteris tenuifolia 43 Maxted, Barbara see Colson Lebour, G.A. 36 Metasequoia 295,297 Leigh, Charles 111 Meunier, Jean-Baptiste (1786-1858) 55, 56, 58 Lepidocarpon 156 Micrographia 6 Lepidodendron 113, 115, 116, 141,154, 156, 249,251 microscopy 153, 197, 231 Lepidodendron aculeatum Sternberg 45, 46, 52 Robert Hooke 6 Lepidodendron elegans 157 SEM techniques 247, 251 Lepidodendron obovatum Sternberg 45, 46, 52 Miller, Hugh (1802-56) 63-84, 64 Lepidodendron selaginoides Sternberg 47 Carboniferous 70, 71 Lepidophloios 70, 238, 243 Cruise of the Betsey 67, 74, 76 Lepidostrobus 70, 156 Devonian 65-69 Lesquereux, Leo (1806-89) 119 early life 63-64 Lhwyd, Edward (1660-1709) 6, 8-10 in Edinburgh 66, 67 Archaeologia Britannica 9 Edinburgh and its Neighbourhood 67 Lythophylacii Britannici ichnographia 9 Footprints of the Creator 76, 78 limestone natural theology 76-77 Burdiehouse 70 Old Red Sandstone, The 67 grey, work of Baron Achille de Zigno 87-88 popular appeal 75-76, 78-79 magnesian, fossil flora 31 post-glacial clays 75 Lindley, John (1799-1865) 29-38, 36, 37 Scottish Jurassic 65, 70-74 evolution 31-32 Scottish Tertiary 74-75 fossil cuticles 33, 35 Sketchbook of Popular Geology 66, 75-76 posthumous reputation 36-38 Testimony of the rocks, The 70, 76, 77-78 taphonomy 32-33, 34, 114, 116 Witness, The 66, 67 The Fossil Flora of Great Britain 29-32, 34, 35-38 millstone grit, work of Emily Dix 183, 185 tires of palaeobotany 35-36 Mineral Botany project 16-18, 22 Lindleycladus 38 Mineral Conchology 16-17 Lista, Ram6n (1856-98) 288 Miocene, fossil leaves, work of John Lindley 29 Lister, Joseph Jackson (1786-1869), achromatic MrllhaiJsen, Baldwin 97-98 compound lens 197 Moore, Lesley Rowsel1259-263, 260 Lister, Martin 6 Moravian Church, emphasis on natural history 14-15 Lithodendron Wash 97-98, 101 Moreno, Francisco Pascasio (1852-1919) 288 lithography 53, 55, 59 Morland, Mary (1797-1857) 45, 49 Liverpool Museum 112, 114, 116, 124 Moussy, Victor Martin de (1810-69) 284 Lloyd-Bostock, Katherine 246, 248 Murchison, Sir Roderick Impey (1792-71) 29, 30 Lomax, James (1857-1934) 137-151,151 Murray, Dr Peter 33 early interest in fossils 138-139 Musrum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 53 employment as collier 138 Musters, Georges Chaworth (1841-79) 284 geological section maker 139, 142-143, 238 Lomax Palaeobotanical Company 137, 138, 143-151, N~rodn~o Muzea, Prague 44, 45 238 Nathorst, Alfred Gabriel (1850-1921) 149, 286 Long, Albert George 244-245 National Museum of Wales, collection of Emily Dix 190, stumps 95, 98, 99, 100, 101, see also stigmaria 193 Lydon, Susannah 246, 248, 249, 252 National Museums of Scotland 67-68, 79, 80-84

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Natural History of Lancashire, Cheshire and the Peak in Armstrong College, Newcastle 165-167, 170-171, Derbyshire 111 173-174 Nephropteris, work of Frederick Price Marrat 117, 119 early life 161-163 Neuralethopteris 186 University 163-164 Neuropteris 9, 50, 70, lll, 119, 186, 191 pacifism 162-163, 165, 174 Neves, Roger 261,262, 263 work in palynology 164-174, 175-177 Nicholson, M.A. 45, 52 Ravenhead, Lancashire Nicol, William (1768-1851), geological section maker collection of Henry Hugh Higgins 112-126, 115, 118, 197 120-123 nomenclature work of Robert Kidston 124-125 binomial Ray, John 6 work of E.F. von Schlotheim 42 Reformation, English 5 work of Henry Steinhauer 21, 24-25 Rhynia 214-215,233, 242, 252 Riocreux, Alfred 54, 55, 56 Odontopteris 119, 189 R6ssert, J. 45, 52 Oeningen, Switzerland, Miocene flora 29 oil industry, palynology 262-263, 266 Sachs, Julius von 198,201 Old Red Sandstone, The 67 Sahni, Birbal (1891-1949) 296 Oliver, Francis Wall (1864-1952) 149, 150, 234 Salo, Denis de, Journal des Savants 6 0liver, Professor Daniel 148, 154 sandstone Oolitic, fossil flora 18, 33, 88 new red, fossil flora 31, 32 Orbigny, Alcide d' (1802-57) 282 old red , microfossil, work of Charles Downie 261 fossil fish 65-66, 67, 68-69 Organisation of the Fossil Plants of the Coal Measures Hicklingia 241,242 140 Saxifraga 44, 45 Orthoceras steinhaueri 19 Scarborough Museum 31 Osmundaceae, work of Kidston and Gwynne-Vaughan Scheuchzer, Johannes Jacobus 111 209, 210, 211,213 Schlotheim, Ernst Friedrich von (1764-1832) 42-43, 44, Otozomites 91, 92 59 Oudart, EL. 55, 56 Schmelda, Ignac Jurgend (1797-1839) 45, 49, 50, 52 Owens College 140, 142, 229, 232, 238, see also Scott, Dukinfield Henry (1854-1934) 143, 147-148, Manchester University 153-156, 155, 201,205, 235 Oxford University, Museum of Natural History 7 Scott, Robert Falcon 'of the Antarctic' 129, 240 sections, thin see fossils, preparation Padua University, collection of Baron Achille de Zigno Sedgwick Museum, collection of Emily Dix 190, 193 87, 92 Selenites 8 palynology Seward, Sir Albert Charles (1863-1941) 129, 130, coal seam, work of Arthur Raistrick 164, 166-170, 156-159, 158, 235 168, 169, 170-173, 170, 171,172 Sheffield University University of Sheffield 259-269 palynology 259-269 collections 268 Centre for Palynological Studies 264-266, 268 Patagonia 284, 285, 288 North Sea oil and gas industry 262-263, 266 peel technique, cellulose acetate 219, 243, 251 Sheffield, Wadsley Fossil Forest 98, 101,103, 105, 105 , magnesian limestone, fossil flora 31 Shen Kuo (1029-93) 293 Petrified Forest National Park 96, 100, 101,104 Si Xing-Jian see Sze Hsing-Chien Phyllites juglandiformis Sternberg 48 Sigillaria 115, 116 Phyllites lobatus Sternberg 48 Sigillaria elegans 209, 251 Phyllotheca 91 Simon, E 45, 52 Phytolites 87 Sincock, Caroline 248 Phytolithus verrucosus 19, 22, 24 Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) 102-105 'Pinnites'eiggensis 74, 75 Sketchbook of Popular Geology 66, 75-76 Pityostrobus macrocephalus 31 Smith, William (1769-1839) 16 Plot, Robert (1640-96) 6, 7-8 stratigraphic methods 17, 19, 20, 21, 24 Podocarpus lindleyana 37 Solenites murrayana 33, 35 Podocarpus macrophylla 29, 37 Sowerby, James (1757-1822) Polyporites bowmanni 31 English Botany 19 Popper, Lulius (Julio) (1857-93) 289 Mineral Botany project 16-18, 19 preservation, differential 32-33, 34 Mineral Conchology 16-17 Preyssler, Johann Daniel (1768-1839) 45, 45, 46, 52 Sowerby, James de Carle (1787-1871) 30, 45, 49 68, 69, 154, 215 Spencer, James (1834-98) 141-142 Pycnophyllum 113, 115 Sphenophyllum cuneifolium (Sternberg) Zeiller 48 Sphenophyllum schlotheimii 43 Raistrick, Arthur (1896-1991) 161-177, 165 Sphenophyllum tenerrimum 70 adult education 164, 173, 174-175 Sphenopteridium crassum 70

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Sphenopteris Tertiary work of Achille de Zigno 91 China 295 work of Emily Dix 186 Scotland, work of Hugh Miller 74-75 work of Frederick Price Marrat 117, 118, 120, 122 Testimony of the rocks, The 70, 76, 77-78 work of Robert Kidson 125 Thompson, Lucy 248 Sphenopteris affinis 70, 71 Thuja articulata 29 Spinner, Ted 262, 263,264, 265 Ting, V.K. (1887-1936) 293-294, 296 Sportophyte, The 131-132, 132, 240 'tongue stones' 8 Stagonolepis robertsoni 78 Tradescant, John, the Younger (1608-62) Stanley, Edward Smith, 13th Earl of Derby (1775-1851) 'Ark' 7 116 , Agentina 287 Steinhauer, Rev. Henry (1782-1818) 13-25, 21 Trueman, Arthur Elijah 181-183, 186 in America 20-24 in Bath 18-19 United States of America, geological conservation 96-98, binomial nomenclature 21, 24-25 100-101 early interest in science 15 fossil collection 18, 19-20, 24 Vines, Professor S.H. (1849-1934) 202, 203, 234 geology of Labrador coast 17 Mineral Botany project with James Sowerby 16-18, Walton, John (1895-1971) 219-223,222,238, 243 22 Ward, Harry Marshall 234, 236 Moravian education 14-15 Watson, David Meredith Seares 132, 241,249 in northern 16 Watson, Joan 230, 240, 246--248,246 posthumous reputation 24 Wealden flora 247-248, 252 Steinhaueria 24 Wealden, work of Joan Watson 247-248, 252 Stelzner, Alfred William (1840-95) 285 Weiss, Frederick Ernst (1865-1953) 148, 237-239, 237, Steno, Nicolaus (1638-96) 8 242, 243-244 Stenopteris williamsonis (Brongniart) Harris 31 Wellman, Charles 266 Sternberg, Kaspar Maria von (1761-1838) 24, 43-52, Widdringtonia graminea (Sternberg) Knoblauch 48 59 Wigglesworth, Grace 238, 242-243,249-250, 251 Flora der Vorwelt 44-52, 45, 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 59 Williamson, William Crawford ( 1816-95) 30, 31, 35, Saxifraga 44, 45 114, 155-156, 206, 229, 231,233, 234, 252 Stigmariaficoides Brongniart 24, 234, 235, 251 early medical career 231-232 Stonesfield Flora 49, 52 fossil plant classification 116 Stopes, Marie Carmichael (1880-1958) 127-133,128, illustrations 252 240 inspiration to young palaeobotanists 234-235 Ancient Plants 129, 240 in Manchester 230-237 Carboniferous Organisation of the Fossil Plants of the Coal Measures coal-balls 132, 241 140, 232 plant fossils 131 Reminiscences of a Yorkshire Naturalist 116, 230-232, Cretaceous, angiosperms 130-131 234-236 early life 127-128 work on coal balls 232 in Manchester 129, 230, 239-241,250 work with D.H.Scott 148, 155-156 in Munich 128-129 work with James Lomax 139-141 Journal from Japan 130 Williamsonia otozamitis (Zigno) 90, 92 relationship with Kuyiro Fujii 129, 130, 239, 240 Williamsonia scotica 71-72 Sportophyte, The 131-132, 240 Witness, The 66, 67 stratigraphy, fossils as level indicators 69 wood, fossil Sturm, Jacob (1771-1848), Deutschlands Flora 44-45 work of Hugh Miller 71-72, 74, 75, 76-77 Sutcliffe, William Henry (1856-1913) 146-147 see also forests, fossil Szajnocha, Ladislaus (Wladyslaw) (1857-1928) 286 Woodward, Dr John 9 Sze Hsing-Chien (1901-64) 294, 297 Xu Ren see Hsti Jen Taeniopteris vittata 30, 33 taphonomy, work of John Lindley 32-33 Zamia gigas 232, 233, 252 taxonomy Zehner, Joseph 45, 52 work of Baron Achille de Zigno 88, 91-92 Zetter, C. 45, 49 work of Frederick Price Marrat 116 Zhang Jing-Yue see Chang, C.Y. techniques Zhou Zan-Heng see Chow, T.H. palaeobotanica133, 35, 88, 219, 243, 251 Zigno, Baron Achille de see de Zigno palynologica1261 Zuber, Rudolf (1858-1920) 286

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Edited by A.J. Bowden, C.Vo Burek and R. Wilding

Often regarded as the 'Cinderella' of palaeontological studies, palaeobotany has a history that contains some fascinating insights into scientific endeavour, especially by palaeontologists who were perusing a personal interest rather than a career. The problems of maintaining research facilities in universities, especially in the modern era, are described and reveal a noticeable absence of a national UK strategy to.preserve centres of excellence in an avowedly specialist area. Accounts of some of the pioneers demonstrate the importance of collaboration between taxonomists and illustrators. The importance of palaeobotany in the rise of geoconservation is outlined, as well as the significant and influential role of women in the discipline. Although this volume has a predominantly UK focus, two very interesting studies outline the history of palaeobotanical work in Argentina and China.

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Geological Society web site: http://www.geolsoc.org.uk

Cover illustration: ISBN 1-86239-174-2 Plate 35 from Sternberg (1823), which was based on original artwork by F. J. Both. For further details, see page xxx.

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