H^rw SATURDAY EVENING, THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL.: FEBRUARY 27, 1904. *?«*»£* " " J" ***y *» " «*fa?i(# From St. Petersburg to Port Arthur—The Great 5,000-Mile Artery Across the Russian Empire

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The railway run* 1,100 miles across the Siberian plateau before entering the A VITAL LINK IN THE RUS­ by a zigzag railway pending the completion of the tunnel, and descending to the Altl region and ascending to the level of Lake Baikal (1,570 feet). Hast of SIAN CHAIN ACROSS ASIA. i.pper plateau follows the Valley of the Yal and crosses the Nonnl fifteen miles south of the New TMtiibar, then passes along the frontiers of Manchuria and the lake the line winds thru the Yablonol hills, reaching an altitude of 3,811 lhe Ice breaker ferry across Lake feet. The branch line to the Manchurian frontier runs across rolling prairie Mongolia until the Sungiri is rroBsed neai Haibin or Kharbin Here the line Baikal, which unites the two lake bifurcates The southern branch runs 407 miles by Mukden to Port Arthur, The Chinese Eastern railway, after passing Khailar, crosses the Kbingan range shore termini of the railway. with a branch to Nlu-Chuang, whence Peking will be reached via Tientsin.

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THE HEART 01 THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE. -V EXTREMITIES OF THE RAILROAD ARTERY. 11i« Russian railway Joins tbe Siberian at the >- The ends of the railway touch the sea at Vladi­ Ural Mountain "divide," the highest point on the >\ vostok (Domlnator of the East") and at Port Ar- line. The little view given here shows Gatschlna , thur. The view given here shows the post and station, Just outside St. Petersburg. This sta­ telegraph offices at Vladivostok The Chinese tion is a well known point of departure. After railway directors wish to continue this line leaving St. Petersburg the railway crosses the neross the Liao river ano join the Russian line lsblm steppe, which la eoflat that there Is no tun­ near Mukden Phe main line continues to Vlad nel before reaching the Urals. Here the line runs lvostok, 480 miles, passing thru a tunnel 400 thru t tunnel 840 yard* la length. THE RUSSIAN MILITARY BARRACKS AT OMSK, WESTERN SIBERIA. THE ICE ON THE RIVER AT KRASNOYARSK, EASTERN SIBERIA. yaids long on the Siberian frontier.

POINTS ABOUT THE GREAT RUSSIAN RAILWAY. POINTS ABOUT THE GREAT RUSSIAN RAILWAY. Number of stations on complete line 390 Fieight traffic In 1899, stated in tons 039,000 Staff on railway 14,728 Moscow to Irkutsk 8 days Number of locomotives 731 Irkutsk to Manchuria, (771 miles iail and fifty miles ferrj) 74 hours Number of passenger cars 548 Across Manchutia (949 miles) to Port Arthur .. 77 hours Number of freight cars 7,743 Former east terminus for Vladivostok Stretensk Number of mall cars 33 West terminus of Vladivostok lailway ,. Khabarovsk Miles of line in Siberia 8.559 Miles of line In Manchuria.. 1,444 River steamer route Khubaioysk to Stretensk 1,340 miles Vladivostok to London by rail (7,092 miles).. 17y2 days

A CUTTING ON THE MANCHURIAN RAILWAY. 48 lbs a yard), and they areay is good, but the rails are too light (42 to THE HEAVY LOCOMOTIVES ON THE SIA2TCHTJRIA1T SECTION. selves on many sections He simply nailed to light sleepers, which tlieni- "The gage is five feet and consequently the locomotives and rolling etock "The material of the railwembedded In diy sand.' —Wirt Gerrare, in are heavier than in western Europe. There are frequent subsidences due "Greater Russia." THE SOLIDLY BUILT RAILWAY STATIONS ON THE MANCHURIAN RAILWAY. THE STATION AT KINCHOW. to the nature of the ground and lack of sufficient margin in designing.

•———•••••h»—•••••••— problem A railway which sends one train their kingdom the Land of the Morn­ for his own social position that h« per day over a line of over 5,000 miles, has PERCIVAL LOWELL OH THE ing Calm And the country and itstake s the step. Hitherto he has worn no small trouble in keeping its divisional people fit both adjective and noun. points supplied with coal I am not cer­ his hair in a braid down his back, and tain whether the Russian roads use coal' Change has passed them by, and time to put it up man-fashion he must take EQUAL TO THE TASK? or wood, but in either case the Siberian | FAR EASTERN SITUATION itself stood still. Twenty years ago, to himself a spouse. In short, he be­ railway will have trouble in keeping a suf- | when I was in Korea as counselor and comes a man only by marriage, and ficient s,uppl> of fuel to feed the many foreign secretary to the Korean special can only thus enter uj>on civil rights. saion t( Railroad Men Believe It Cannot Land 200,000 Troops at the Seat of engines. If the engines burn coal, the Japan in Arms Merely to Make inff Russia to keep her woid. And it ™ \ the United States, the Ambition found its place in political problem will be a most serious one, and t. x ,_, ~\ »vuiu. mm Koreans shook their own hands, not intrigue. At the slightest pretext one War in Less Than Six Months—Some of the Conditions Which will make the running of troop trains very Eussia Keep Her Promises— is rather pitiable than otherwise that yours, on making your acquaintance; party rose against the other, and, if slow indeed. If coal has to be hauled to the rest of the world has not the as- they took off their boots, not their successful, massacred Its opponents to Prevail Along the Line of the Trans-Siberian Road—A Cana­ supply the di\ isional points, it -will ab- Scenes and Incidents of Life in a man The rumors reaching us now sorb from 100 to 150 locomotives for that tuteness to foresee that to back her up hats, on entering your house, man. of risings in Seoul are what may at dian Railroad Man's Statement. service alone, and the troop trains will be Korea. any moment be expected of the land further delayed, as coal trains will neces­ which values peace and seclusion sarily take precedence. It is possible, tho Percival Lowell in the Chuichman. above any country on earth. Russia, faces a. tremendous problem In forty-five men to a car of the South not altogether likely, that Russia may aheady ha\e large supplies of coal already Korea, is put into the position bho the need of getting her forces from home African contingents ]f the Trans-Siber­ now occupies by the lust for land. REAL HERO to the Beat of war and of getting them ian carries forty men to a car the road stored at divisional points, but even so, there quickly. Railroad men in Minne­ will do remarkably well I should call the Immense traffic incidental to the war Partly from necessity and partly from apolis and the northwest believe she will that an outside figure. will soon eat up the biggest sort of a imitativeness, the various nations Was This Miner, Who Gave Hie Arm to not be able to solve it for six months "Then it must be remembered that Rus­ supply. It would take at least 250 tons of are now seeking to enlarge what they Save His Friends. That is, they believe that it will be six sia is not a railway country, and the gov­ coal to carry an engine from Europe to call their spheres of influence. Mod­ New York Tribune. months instead of a few weeks before the Manchuria and back. ern man finds diplomacy less costly "ft llham S Cronch, who registers from ernment may have diificulty in securing than war and establishes what is eu­ czar can get an army of 200,000 men into an ample supply of cars While the au­ Menace of Spring Floods. Tacoma Wash , Is staying at the Grand Manchuria. In the solving of the prob­ phemistically known as a protectorate, hotel The subject of" heroic action in the thorities will undoubtedly commandeer a term definable as an ardent desire lem, too there will be terrlflo hardships evervthlngr in sight in tbe way of rolling "Russia, will also have to face serious presence of disaster beingr under discus­ to be undergone by the soldiers and ani­ stock, so many cars will be in use for spring noods. In a few months winter will to protect what needs protection only sion in the hotel lobby a few days ago, mals. The Trans-Siberian railroad is poor­ army purposes from one point In Russia be breaking up, and there will be spring against the protector. It seems in­ Mr. Cronch contributed the details of an ly equipped for such a long line. It is to another, carrying troops and supplies floods all over Siberia, which will seriously credible that this can take in any­ incident that came under his observation i laid for thousands of miles with rails to the shipping point, which will' prob­ affect the many temporary bridges and body and yet it does. "It was about three jears ago," said he. •weighing from forty-two to forty-eight ably be Moscow, that it will be hard to trestles incidental to a new road. Russia is the foremost exponent of "that three men were engaged In sinking pounds only to the yard; the roadbed is get sufficient cars for rapid transport "Taking the outside figures for the ca­ this pleasing duplicity. She is past a shaft on a mining claim in a district poor there la a. long break at Lake across Siberia Between 2 000 to 2 500 cars pacity of the trains, the quantity of roll­ master in the art of promising and north of Spokane Two men were at tha Baikal, which In summer has to be crossed would bo required for continuous trans­ ing stock available, the speed attainable, then of keeping not her promises but bottom of the shaft, while the third was by slow boats and in winter on the ice; port. etc., and deducting only the minimum for others' land, because she is less ham­ at a windlass used to hoist th« ore. Ths the problem of providing ftiel so far from 2,000 Men a Day the Limit. delays and accidents of every kind, I can­ pered than any other power with an windlass man had turned the crank until bases of supplies as large portions of the not see how Russia can materially Increase inconvenient sense of honesty. To the bucket, weighing, with its contents, line are Is a serious one, the weather is "I do not believe that Russia, despite her forces in Manchuria m the next few more civilized nations there is a crip­ 250 pounds, had come above the opening, that of extreme winter, trains at best her feverish haste, can send more than months, or be in any position to meet the pling regard for one's word, but Rus­ and while he was about to swing it out cannot run more than fifteen miles an Ave trains per day from the European armies that Japan is throwing into Korea sia has no sijch conscientious scruples, to the surface the windlass crank handle hour; the line is single track end. Say she dispatches 400 men per in a continuous stream. One other point train, which Is about the utmost she which I take to be merely a result of broke and in an instant the bucket was must not be lost sight of, in comparing- her semicivilized condition started downward with seeming promise The Siberian road has on Its staff 14,735 could do, she would be sending to the the opposing armies, and that is that while persons, 1,000 locomotives, 548 passenger front about 2,000 men a day. This would Japan, on the other hand, has for SEOUL—MAIN GATE TO THE PALACE. of certain death to his two trustful 'pard- cars, 7,743 freight cars and 33 mall cars the Japanese soldiers land In Korea after so long played the protagonist in the ners' at the bottom of the shaft. But the be remarkablv fine work, and makes no a few hours' sail, fresh and fit in every "Thru Korea the Arts of China Passed on to Japan. man at the windlass threw the brake a It is In part a light railway, the rails allowance for the inevitable delays, break­ way, the Russian troops will land in Man­ far eastern drama of which Korea fur­ •weighing from forty-two to forty-eight downs, etc, incident to such an excep­ nished the stage setting, that she has crude device intended to arrest the prog­ pounds a yard west of Lake Baikal and churia after three weeks' hard traveling come to look upon it as her right to Is not only the ethic-but the wise thing not woman, was the important figure ress of the whirling shaft and unwinding tional strain upon the road. by train, under exceptionally uncomfort­ to do. in social life, and they worshipped i ope It snapped and broke—It had failed, from seventy to eighty-pound steel east "Taking, however, the figure at 2,000 able conditions, and will be soft and unfit take this part. So far as it lies be­ of that lake Some rails are of soft steel tween Janan and Russia, Japan is Sunk in seclusion and lying at the their ancestors, not. American-wise, and at the crucial instant when the men men a day. it will be fully a month before for immediate service " outposts of the day, the Koreans call and art) barely able to stand the weight clearly m the right. She is only oblig— their descendants. They wrote back­ at the bottom of the shaft must have felt of a slow-moving train. Short trains with that number can begin to be laid down in -<$> wards; they read backwards, their the specter of approaching death near R light load like the Siberian express may Manchuria. Of course Russia may have thoughts sped backwards. The past enough to whisper their mortal sentence, he able to average twenty miles an hour, been, and doubtless has been, rushing pyw' •' *v-y Y |" ,f!\ ip wptwt w^y^wj.^1"^' x ""WW was their paragon, not the future. the man at the windlass thrust his fist While heavy trains rumble along like trac­ men to the front for many weeks past. Confucius was the guiding star of their into the whirring cogs, that minced it tion engines at not over twelve miles an But in any event their progress would be l'ves, and the Confucian ethics their into pulp and continued their revolutions, hour All these conditions being consid­ slow, as they would have to march some only law. What they had learned had lie -was -milling to give his arm If the sac­ ered, one is compelled to place a good fifty miles over the ice of Lake Baikal. been an heirloom from the far past, rifice would save his comrades, and h« deal of confidence in the judgment of the In summer this lake is crossed by a rail­ and they had never deemed anything fed it to the heartless teeth inch by inch, railroad men. way ferry. The Russians are now laying worth the acquiring since. The Chi­ until he had thrust his shoulder against rails over the ice, but it will be twenty-five nese classics were to them the road the biting iron and stopped the windlass. The dews held by the Minneapolis rail- or thirty days before the work can be road men are the same as those of a lead­ alike to pleasure, pelf and fame. To The mining boss saw the closing scene of completed A railroad over ice has to be 8 ing Canadian railroad man The latter, become a bachelor of arts was the the heroic drama, and in tones of earnest f however, has an excellent basis of com­ reinforced with heavy timbers, etc., mak­ goal to which all the higher classes &ympathy he said, as he pointed to th« parison of conditions in the Canadian Pa­ ing a bed fifteen to twenty feet wide, and should, and any of the lower might, bleeding wreckage of an arm and a short­ cific as it was some years ago. He states not more than two miles a day of rails can aspire. The present accurate knowl­ ened shoulder blade. 'Jack, that's too be laid under the best of circumstances, bad.* And then, suiting his words to th« his views in part thus: and Russia out on the wastes of Siberia edge of printed past inaccuracies "As things stand at present, with Japan known there as learning was to them self-forgetfulness of his heroism In action, will be working under anything but favor­ the miner answered; 'Oh, that is all right In command of the sea, the most interest­ able circumstances. the only good and led directly to the ing problem is. what Russia will be able goods of others. For a bachelor's de­ if only I saved the boys.' He had saved to do with the Trars-Siberian railway. Trains Must Run Slow. ' '*• ft^ •?•• them, and such is a sample of some of "I should be Inclined to estimate the -V* gree was the stepping stone to a mag­ the men to be met now and then la the There do not seem to be more than 75,000 'Hi!' istracy, and a magistracy meant any or 100,000 Russians In Manchuria at pres­ average rate of speed of troop trains over *"./ humble walks of western life. Some have the Trans-Siberian as not mora than fif­ amount of material acquisitions. Once achieved less whose praises have been ent Japan can put several hundred thou­ ""^T-^ •seated in that chair, a. man could sand fully equipped fighting men In the teen miles an hour, as the road Is new and sounded long and loud." "•*"*%) to a large extent temporary. Allowance squeeze the people at his pleasure. field at almost any time. Can Russia sup­ *K 5 s plement her existing army, by means of must be made also for the many delays Which is the reason the people are so SEEING THINGS;." - ^M. the Trans-Siberian, with sufficient dis­ caused by sidetracking, the occupation of poor. Philadelphia PTCM."' i ** the track by ammunition and supply trains, To be a bachelor of anything but "I don't see tbe sense In speaking of a aaa patch to be in a position to meet Japan and perhaps occasional wrecks. It will as 'blind drunk.' " Upon anything like an equal numerical arts, however, is a thing a -Korean "Why not? It simply means he's so retr. footing? . take from eighteen to twenty days for a hastens to avoid. It is not that he is very drunk that he can't see." train to travel from Moscow to the base by nature amatorially inclined; on the "But no man is ever so drunk that he can't x- \ A Single Track and Light Rails. of operations in Manchuria—a distance of see. If he's very, very drunk, he can see about 5,500 miles. It Is still winter In contrary. He enters matrimony at snakes " "Now, the Trans-Siberian is a single- Siberia, and spring comes later there than the earliest possible moment, but this *•* J#ftll* '• track road, which means constant de- in Canada, so that for several months yet is not because he falls in love, or even ^ f. "^ HEAETLESS. laj s in the passing of trains east and the Russian troops must labor under all to make an ambitious match, but sim­ Washington Star. west, and the light rail means that trains "Johnny is a very imaginative child," saM the disadvantages of a winter campaign, ply and solely to be married. One the fond mother "But Willie is more pracfi- on the Trans-Siberian must not only tra­ and the difficulties and delays of winter might imagine from this that mar­ cal. When Willie decides that he wants any- vel slowly, but must be lightly constructed travel. riages In Korea were invariably hap­ thiug, he sets out to get It." and carry fewer men a car than our Cana­ »- The Fuel Problem. , py, and that in yet another manner 'I liavc noticed that difference " answered the dian trains. Canadian railways, with their 5? ^^^^f^/i Seoul were indeed the happy valley of unfeeling bachelor. "Jolmuy sings 'I TJfsnt to ( beavier equipment, were able to carry only, "Another serious difficulty is "the fuel Be an Angel,' nut Willie smokes cigarettes ant . Elbow Fort, on Han River, Guarding the Approach to Seoul. Easselaa. Unfortunately, it !• only skates on. tliin ice." 1 1 t$ •t*h .^Cjf^iif Mk&^BMM^ liT M,

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