Ursinus College Digital Commons @ Ursinus College The Dutchman / The eP nnsylvania Dutchman Pennsylvania Folklife Society Collection Magazine Summer 1956 The eP nnsylvania Dutchman Vol. 8, No. 1 Henry J. Kauffman Edna Eby Heller Andrew S. Berky Alfred L. Shoemaker Earl F. Robacker See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/dutchmanmag Part of the American Art and Architecture Commons, American Material Culture Commons, Christian Denominations and Sects Commons, Cultural History Commons, Ethnic Studies Commons, Fiber, Textile, and Weaving Arts Commons, Folklore Commons, Genealogy Commons, German Language and Literature Commons, Historic Preservation and Conservation Commons, History of Religion Commons, Linguistics Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits oy u. Recommended Citation Kauffman, Henry J.; Heller, Edna Eby; Berky, Andrew S.; Shoemaker, Alfred L.; Robacker, Earl F.; Dieffenbach, Victor C.; Beck, Herbert H.; Brendle, Thomas R.; Unger, Claude; Zehner, Olive G.; Yoder, Don; Moser, Esther; Moser, Helen; and Krebs, Friedrich, "The eP nnsylvania Dutchman Vol. 8, No. 1" (1956). The Dutchman / The Pennsylvania Dutchman Magazine. 9. https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/dutchmanmag/9 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Pennsylvania Folklife Society Collection at Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Dutchman / The eP nnsylvania Dutchman Magazine by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Henry J. Kauffman, Edna Eby Heller, Andrew S. Berky, Alfred L. Shoemaker, Earl F. Robacker, Victor C. Dieffenbach, Herbert H. Beck, Thomas R. Brendle, Claude Unger, Olive G. Zehner, Don Yoder, Esther Moser, Helen Moser, and Friedrich Krebs This book is available at Digital Commons @ Ursinus College: https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/dutchmanmag/9 ~~~~~UBLICATIONS of the ennsylvania Dutch Folklore Center, Inc. The PENNSYLVANIA BARN Published by: The Pennsylvania Dutch Folklore Center, Inc. Price $2.00 Includes 16 essays, 96 pages Edited by: DR. ALFRED L. SHOEMAKER Articles by: DR. ALFRED L. SHOEMAKER DR. DON YODER HENRY J. KAUFFMAN J. WILLIAM STAIR VICTOR C. DIEFFENBACH CONTENTS of the PENNSYLVANIA BARN The Pennsylvania Barn Thatched Barns Through the Traveler's Eye Barn Decorations Barn Types Hex Signs The Log Barn Brick-End Decorations The Stone Barn Notes on Early Brick Barns The Frame Barn Appliques Barn Raisings Barnscapes Barn Terminology The Barns of 1798 SUMMER 1956 VOL. 8, NO.1 EDITOR: Managing : Dr. Alfred 1. Shoemaker Associate: Dr. Don Yoder Contents DEPARTMENT EDITORS: Antiques: Dr. Earl F. Robacker The Summer House 2 HENRY J. KA FFMAN Art: Frances Lichten Drinks in Dutchland CRAFTS: 8 EDNA EBY HELLER XV 11 f Century : Henry J. Kauffman COl/temporary: Olive G. Zehner Yesteryear in Dutchland 10 A ' DREW . BERKY Design: LeRoy Gensler Evel/ts: G. Gilbert nyder Moshey and Bellyguts 16 Folklore: Rev. Thoma R. Brend le ALFRED 1. HO EMAKE R Food : Edna Eby Heller Rise of Intel'est in Dutch Antiques . .. 18 Genealogy : Frederick Wei er EARL F. ROBA CKER History : Dr. Arthur D. Graeff Diaper Lore .. 23 L iterature : Walter E. Boyer VICTOR c. DIEFFE NBACH l~fIl Sic: Dr. J. William Frey Lititz . .. 24 P uB LISHER: HERBERT H. BE CK The Penn ylvania Dutch Folklore Center, Inc., Bethel, Penn sylvania. Witchcraft in Cow and Horse ..... .. 28 THOMA S R. BRE NDLE and CLAUDE NGE R BSCRIPTIO RATES: . 3.00 a year in the nited tates and Dorothy Kalbach ...... .. 32 Canada. Elsewh ere fifty cents addi­ OLIVE G. ZEH ' ER tional for postage. Single copi es .75. Plain Dutch and Gay Dutch . 34 MAD PHOTOGRAPH: DO N YODER The Editor will be glad to co nsider :.vI and photograph sent with a Di ~ l ec t Folksay . 56 view to publicati on. When un suit­ ESTHER and I-IEL EN MOSER able. and if accompanied by return po tage, every care will be exerci ed Pennsylvania Dutch P ioneers. .. 57 to\\'ard th eir return, alth ough no reo FRIEDR ICH KR EB pon ibility for th eir sa fety a _ (Tran lated by DON YODER) umed. About the Author 59 THE PE YLV A IIA D TCH­ MAl'\. ummer 1956, Vol. 8, O. 1, What's New in DUlchland 60 publi hed quarterly and copyri ght 1956 by The Penn ylva nia Dutch COVER: H, Wjnslow Fegley, photogl'aph, Folklore Center, Inc., Bethel, Pa. Ente!"ed as econd class matter at the Post Office rrcss of at J\: utLtO\... n. PCJ1n:o.ylvanJCl. under the ~\ Cl IJ f ( J(A 1"1 S ~II,N. 1Nt. .\1 arch 3, I 79. K ut/tcl\\ II. )la.. This Lancasler Counly sum tnet house has its original oven intact and dpc· orated with the initials 01 ils fir st owner. The pitch 01 th e rool, the cornice, and the lintel over the door are architecturalleatures ollhe early nineteenth century. Photography by Henry 1. Kalt/Jm an The bell tower and chimney are pleasing appendages on lhis clap· board covered summer house near York. This one had an 01Je n which was dismantled because Lt was no longer needed. An improvised stove jor heating waler Ita reo placed it. 2 Photograph by Clifford R . Y eich Detached summer house, with wooden pump in front of it, on a Men­ nonite farm near Lancaster. A ummer house is one of the most interesting ar· County how that in the late eighteenth century there chitectural form that can be :found in rural P enn yl. were about ten tone hou e to four hundred o[ log in vania. It eem to be indigenou to Penn ylv:.mia and the area. can be found lhroughout the tate. but certainly more of The early log hou e wa a imple structure wilh one them are located in th e Dutch Country than any other main r oom on the fir t fl oor and a mall loft :for sleep· area. They are found on big farms and little farm ; orne ing or torage. It had a p unch on or ground fl oor and a re earl y while oth er are late; ome are built of brick, a fireplace in the end wa ll was the onl y ource of heat others of tone: and their funclion continue to be a in th e building. This log house had no direct r lation· my tery to many peopl for the literature of the Dutch ship with the ummer hou e. but it i mention d here to ountry eem to have neglected them completely. a sist in pre en ting the evolutionary growth of dom ti c To un der ta nd the form and function of the ummer a rchitecture in Pennsylvania, of which the summer hou e hOll e on mu t probe into the beginning of rural ar· later became an integral part. chitecture in Penn ylvania. There seem to be orn e With th learing of la rger fI elds, th growi ng of agreement that th e fir t helters were impr· vi ed in larger familie and the dev lopment of a more favorable cave or ha tily built of twi g and foli age. The record economi c outlook, th log cabin wa [or aken fO I a b t· of a Dir ct Tax, levied in Penn ylva nia in 1798. indio ter re id nce. It is like! y th at lhe [ather ollecl(" c/ tone cate that the va t majority of arl y permanent abode liS he cleared th e land and \\ith th a id of hi neighbor were built of log. A t3X a se ment Ii t of Dauphin built a mall stone hou e. It wa u uall ) built on th e 3 ide of a hill over a pring. There was a large fireplace in th e cell ar , a slighlly mailer one on th e fir l fl oor. and omelimes a very small one look th e chill f)ff of lh e sleeping area on th e econd fl oor. Thi house was a veT) functional one for il li as gea red lo the living needs of a family on the seltled frontier. The full door acce lo the ba ement co mbined with a large fireplace and th e spring provided adequille fa cili· lie for the rougher home industrie such a oap-m ak­ in g. butler-churning, butchering. wa shing. [! nd clolh dyeing. This arrangement also kepl a certain amounl of Clutter from th e every- da) living portion of the house. On the fir t fl oor the daily ch ores of cooking. baking. sewing. spinning. a nd weaving II-ere pur uecl through­ out the year. In thi house lhere II-as ome adva nce in th e refin emenl of living over the log cabin . b ut lh e ultimate was onl y a hieved in the nexl r ound of house building wh en mos t of the home induslries we re relegaled to th e s ummer house. The further clearing of land and the subsequenl bel­ tering of economi c co ndilions brought another era of h ouse building lale in the eighteenth and early in the On the fr inge 0/ the Dutch Counlry ar,;hitectural nineteenth centurie . Thi house wa a di tincl improve- forms were less typical like this co mbination ummer alld spring house near Millersburg. Although this was a /lUictional arrallgem ent it is not fr equently found. This summer house is obviou ly built 0/ stoll e and is located along route 30 nea r Geuysburg.