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Earth and Planetary Science Letters 382 (2013) 98–110 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Earth and Planetary Science Letters www.elsevier.com/locate/epsl Warming and glacier recession in the Rakaia valley, Southern Alps of New Zealand, during Heinrich Stadial 1 ∗ Aaron E. Putnam a,b, , Joerg M. Schaefer a,c, George H. Denton b, David J.A. Barrell d, Bjørn G. Andersen e,1, Tobias N.B. Koffman b,AnnV.Rowanf, Robert C. Finkel g, Dylan H. Rood h,i, Roseanne Schwartz a, Marcus J. Vandergoes j, Mitchell A. Plummer k, Simon H. Brocklehurst l, Samuel E. Kelley m, Kathryn L. Ladig b a Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Rt. 9W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA b School of Earth and Climate Sciences and Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA c Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA d GNS Science, Private Bag 1930, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand e Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway f Centre for Glaciology, Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DB Wales, UK g Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 95064, USA h CAMS, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA i Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC), East Kilbride G75 0QF, UK j GNS Science, 1 Fairway Drive, PO Box 30-368, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand k Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2107, USA l School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK m Department of Geology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA article info abstract Article history: The termination of the last ice age featured a major reconfiguration of Earth’s climate and cryosphere, Received 29 April 2013 yet the underlying causes of these massive changes continue to be debated.
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