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CMS CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY Canterbury (Waitaha) 2016, Volume 1 CMS CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY Canterbury (Waitaha) 2016, Volume 1 Cover image: Waimakariri River looking toward Shaler Range and Southern Alps/Kā Tiritiri o te Moana Photo: Graeme Kates September 2016, New Zealand Department of Conservation ISBN 978-0-478-15091-9 (print) ISBN 978-0-478-15092-6 (online) Crown copyright © 2016 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. In essence, you are free to copy, distribute and adapt the work, as long as you attribute the work to the Crown and abide by the other licence terms. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Please note that no departmental or governmental emblem, logo or Coat of Arms may be used in any way which infringes any provision of the Flags, Emblems, and Names Protection Act 1981. Attribution to the Crown should be in written form and not by reproduction of any such emblem, logo or Coat of Arms. Use the wording ‘Department of Conservation’ in your attribution, not the Department of Conservation logo. This publication is produced using paper sourced from well-managed, renewable and legally logged forests. Contents Foreword 7 Introduction 8 Purpose of conservation management strategies 8 Treaty partnership with Ngāi Tahu 9 CMS structure 10 Interpretation 11 CMS term 12 Relationship with other Department of Conservation strategic documents and tools 12 Relationship with other planning processes 14 Legislative tools 15 Treaty of Waitangi and Ngāi Tahu settlement obligations 15 International obligations 16 Part One 17 1.1 The Department in Canterbury (Waitaha) 17 1.2 Vision for Canterbury (Waitaha)—2066 17 1.3 Distinctive features, values and issues of Canterbury (Waitaha) 19 1.4 Treaty partnership with Ngāi Tahu 22 1.5 Canterbury (Waitaha) by 2026 30 Part Two—Places 41 2.1 National Parks Place 42 2.2 Southern Conservation Parks Place 45 2.3 Northern High-Country Place 59 2.4 High-Country Basins Place 72 2.5 Foothills Place 85 2.6 Braided Rivers/Ki Uta Ki Tai Place 92 2.7 Christchurch City/Ōtautahi Place 100 2.8 Banks Peninsula/Te Pātaka o Rākaihautū Place 104 2.9 Coastal Land and Marine/Ki Tai Place 117 Part Three—Specific policy requirements for Canterbury (Waitaha) 132 3.1 General 132 3.2 Vehicles 134 3.3 Mountain bikes (non-motorised) 136 3.4 Electric power-assisted pedal cycles 137 3.5 Other means of transport 138 3.6 Aircraft 139 3.7 Animals 145 3.8 Dogs 145 3.9 Horses and pack animals 146 3.10 Structures and utilities 147 3.11 Private accommodation and related facilities 148 3.12 Marine mammal viewing 151 3.13 Commercial eeling 151 3.14 Sports fish and game bird hunting 152 3.15 Grazing and farming 152 3.16 Mining 153 3.17 Sand and shingle extraction 153 3.18 Commercial filming and photography 154 3.19 Collection of materials 155 3.20 Wild animals 156 3.21 Game animals (see also Wild animals) 158 3.22 Sporting and other competitive events 159 3.23 Recreation activities using fixed anchors 160 3.24 Fire management 161 3.25 Ski fields 162 3.26 Gemstone fossicking 162 Part Four—Implementation monitoring and reporting, and review 164 Glossary 165 Appendices Appendix 1 186 Work or activities of the Department of Conservation that it considers meets the requirements of Section 4(3) of the Resource Management Act 1991 for exemptions from land use consents Appendix 2 196 Ecosystem and habitat types within Canterbury(Waitaha) Appendix 3 213 Islands in Canterbury (Waitaha) Appendix 4 215 Priority ecosystem units on public conservation lands and waters in Canterbury (Waitaha) identified by the Department through natural heritage prioritising processes in September 2013 Appendix 5 227 Threatened and at-risk indigenous flora and fauna present in Canterbury (Waitaha) Appendix 6 238 Threats or pests and wild animals present in Canterbury (Waitaha) Appendix 7 254 Nationally iconic species in Canterbury (Waitaha) Appendix 8 255 Marine habitats and ecosystems in Canterbury (Waitaha) Appendix 9 262 Significant geological features, landforms and landscapes in Canterbury (Waitaha) Appendix 10 266 Actively conserved historic places on public conservation lands and waters in Canterbury (Waitaha) Appendix 11 273 Icon and Gateway destinations in Canterbury (Waitaha) Appendix 12 274 Prescriptions for managing visitor management zones Appendix 13 278 Ngāi Tahu Claims Settlement Act 1998 provisions relating to Canterbury (Waitaha) Appendix 14 301 Statement of Outstanding Universal Value for Te Wāhipounamu—South West New Zealand World Heritage Area Appendix 15 305 List of larger conservation units, ecosystems and historic values within Foothills Place Appendix 16 308 Publicly-available huts on public conservation lands and/or managed by the Department within Canterbury (Waitaha) Index 313 Foreword Major issues dealt with in this CMS are ongoing threats to indigenous biodiversity especially in the lowlands and high-country basins, increasing concerns about the effects of climate change, and management of the extensive additional public conservation lands since 2000. The Department has recognised that to halt the ongoing decline of New Zealand’s natural heritage, and to manage well our visitor facilities, we need to significantly increase our conservation effort by working more with others - Ngāi Tahu , communities, businesses and individuals; even more than has occurred over the past ten years. For the first time, this CMS integrates national and local conservation priorities at particular places and identifies desired outcomes for places that are special to communities and Ngāi Tahu. This CMS has been developed through a lengthy public process and is the result of input from Ngāi Tahu and many in the community. Their input, and enthusiasm and support for conservation, is acknowledged and has helped to direct the future of conservation in Canterbury (Waitaha) over the next ten years and beyond. This CMS became operative on 1 September 2016. Dr Warren Parker Chairman, New Zealand Conservation Authority Dr Mick Abbott Chairman Canterbury Aoraki Conservation Board Andy Roberts Director, Operations, Eastern South Island Kaihautū, Matarautaki Canterbury (Waitaha) Conservation Management Strategy 2016 7 Introduction Purpose of conservation management strategies Conservation, as defined under section 2 of the Conservation Act 1987 (the Act), is the: ‘preservation and protection of natural and historic resources for the purpose of maintaining their intrinsic values, providing for their appreciation and recreational enjoyment by the public, and safeguarding the options of future generations’. The functions of the Department of Conservation (the Department) are for the most part identified in section 6 of the Act and in other Acts listed in the First Schedule of the Act. The purpose of a conservation management strategy (CMS), as defined by section 17D of the Act, is to implement statements of general policy, and to establish objectives for the integrated management of natural and historic resources, including species managed by the Department, and for recreation, tourism and other conservation purposes. The Act creates a hierarchy of documents to guide the Department in its management. The Act is at the top, General Policy is next and below that are the CMS and conservation management plans, and other management plans. In Canterbury (Waitaha) there are 14 operative conservation management plans1 including the Te Waihora Joint Management Plan 20052 and Molesworth Management Plan 2013. There are two operative national park management plans prepared under the National Parks Act 1980: for Aoraki/Mount Cook National Park and Arthur’s Pass National Park. Statutory framework for the management of public conservation lands and waters Conservation Act 1987 National Parks Act 1980 General Policy General Policy Conservation management strategies National park management plans Conservation management plans A lower order planning document cannot derogate from a higher order one; meaning it cannot be contrary to it. The lower in order a planning document is, the greater the level of detail as to management intentions. 1 Except for the Te Waihora Joint and Molesworth Management Plans, these plans are all reserve and Crown land management plans from the 1970s to 1990s, and are intended to be revoked or withdrawn subsequent to this strategy’s approval. The intent of the Conservation Amendment Act 1996 was that CMS provide any required management detail for individual areas of public conservation lands and waters. 2 Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu and Department of Conservation. 2005: Te Waihora Joint Management Plan—Mahere Tukutahi o Te Waihora. Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu and Department of Conservation, Christchurch. NB While the New Zealand Geographic Board name is ‘Lake Ellesmere (Te Waihora)’, the CMS uses the abbreviation ‘Te Waihora’ as used in the joint management plan. 8 Canterbury (Waitaha) Conservation Management Strategy 2016 The general policies relevant to this CMS are the: Conservation General Policy 2005, which applies to all conservation lands, waters and resources managed by the Department under the following Acts: the Conservation Act 1987, the Wildlife Act 1953, the Marine Reserves Act 1971, the Reserves Act 1977, the Wild Animal Control Act 1977 and the Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978. The General Policy for National Parks 2005, which sets expectations and takes priority for national park management planning. Other legislation for which the Minister of Conservation has a role or that is relevant to this CMS includes: the Greater Christchurch Regeneration Act 2016,3 the Electricity Act 1992, the Freedom Camping Act 2011, the Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga Act 2014, the Protected Objects Act 1975, the State-Owned Enterprises Act 1986, the Crown Minerals Act 1991, the Ngāi Tahu Claims Settlement Act 1998, Crown Pastoral Land Act 1998, the Walking Access Act 2008 and the Game Animal Council Act 2013. Each CMS is prepared with public participation according to the process set out in the Conservation Act 1987.