DOCSLIB.ORG

The Extraordinary Botanical Diversity of Inselbergs in Madagascar

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Extraordinary Botanical Diversity of Inselbergs in Madagascar The extraordinary botanical diversity of inselbergs in Madagascar Marina N. Rabarimanarivo, Brigitte Ramandimbisoa, Nivo H. Rakotoarivelo, Peter B. Phillipson, Sylvie Andriambololonera, Martin W. Callmander & Stefan Porembski Abstract RABARIMANARIVO, M.N., B. RAMANDIMBISOA, N.H. RAKOTOARIVELO, P.B. PHILLIPSON, S. ANDRIAMBOLOLONERA, M.W. CALLMANDER & S. POREMBSKI (2019). The extraordinary botanical diversity of inselbergs in Madagascar. Candollea 74: 65 – 84. In English, English and French abstracts. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15553/c2019v741a8 Inselbergs are isolated mountains, mainly granitic or gneissic rock outcrops rising abruptly above surrounding plains. Malagasy inselbergs are often dome-shaped and occur in varying degrees of isolation, but they sometimes form inselberg landscapes, which comprise dozens of individual outcrops. Despite being typical landscape features on Madagascar’s high plateau, little data are available on their detailed plant cover. Recent extensive fieldwork, which was conducted between 2010 and 2014, mainly on the central plateau, has resulted in a better knowledge about the floristic composition and habitats of Malagasy inselbergs. The most speciose vascular plant genera were Cynorkis Thouars (18), Cyperus L. (15) and Euphorbia L. (14). Malagasy inselbergs are centres of diversity for succulents (notably species of the genera Aloe L., Euphorbia and Kalanchoe Adans.), carnivorous plants (species of Drosera L. and Utricularia L.) and resurrection plants (notably species of Xerophyta Juss.). The most speciose habitat types were ephemeral flush vegetation and monocotyle- donous mats. The latter habitat supports a large number of succulents and resurrection plants. In total 724 taxa out of 338 genera and 107 families have been recorded. Moreover, the variability in floristic composition between different regions is remarkable. Detrimental human impacts include quarrying, grazing, fire and the collection of plants for ornamental purposes (species of Pachypodium Lindl. and Orchidaceae) and as medicine (species of Aloe, Drosera madagascariensis DC., Myrothamnus moschatus (Baill.) Baill.). For the first time, recommendations are made for the conservation of Malagasy inselbergs. Addresses of the authors: MNR, BR, NHR, SA: Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 3391, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar. E-mail : [email protected] PBP: Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U.S.A. and Institut de Systématique, Évolution, et Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/ Sorbonne Universités/École Pratique des Hautes Études, C.P. 39, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France. MWC: Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève, ch. de l’Impératrice 1, C.P. 71, 1292 Chambésy, Switzerland. SP: University of Rostock, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Botany, Wismarsche Str. 8, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Submitted on February 1, 2018. Accepted on February 22, 2019. First published online on March 28, 2019. ISSN : 0373-2967 – Online ISSN : 2235-3658 – Candollea 74(1) : 65 – 84 (2019) © CONSERVATOIRE ET JARDIN BOTANIQUES DE GENÈVE 2019.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Colchicine Induction of Tetraploid and Octaploid Drosera Strains from D. Rotundifolia and D. Anglica
    © 2021 The Japan Mendel Society Cytologia 86(1): 21–28 Colchicine Induction of Tetraploid and Octaploid Drosera Strains from D. rotundifolia and D. anglica Yoshikazu Hoshi1*, Yuki Homan1 and Takahiro Katogi2 1 Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, 9–1–1 Toroku, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862–8652, Japan 2 Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, 9–1–1 Toroku, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862–8652, Japan Received September 21, 2020; accepted October 15, 2020 Summary Artificial tetraploid and octaploid strains were induced from the wild species of Drosera rotundifolia (2n=2x=20) and D. anglica (2n=4x=40), respectively. The optimal condition of colchicine-treatments for poly- ploid inductions was determined first. A flow cytometry (FCM) analysis showed that the highest mixoploid score of D. rotundifolia was 20% in the treatment of 0.3% for 2 days (d), or 0.5% for 3 d, while the highest mixoploid score of D. anglica was 20% in the treatment of 0.5% for 2 d. Next, to remove chimeric cells, adventitious bud inductions were carried out using the FCM-selected individuals in both species. One strain from a total of 360 colchicine-treated leaf explants in each species had pure chromosome-double numbers of 2n=40 (tetraploid) in D. rotundifolia and 2n=80 (octaploid) in D. anglica. In both species, the guard cell sizes of the chromosome- doubled strains were larger than those of the wild types. The leaves of the chromosome-doubled strains of D. ro- tundifolia were larger than those of the wild diploid D. rotundifolia, while the leaves of the chromosome-doubled strains of D.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Accounts
    Species accounts The list of species that follows is a synthesis of all the botanical knowledge currently available on the Nyika Plateau flora. It does not claim to be the final word in taxonomic opinion for every plant group, but will provide a sound basis for future work by botanists, phytogeographers, and reserve managers. It should also serve as a comprehensive plant guide for interested visitors to the two Nyika National Parks. By far the largest body of information was obtained from the following nine publications: • Flora zambesiaca (current ed. G. Pope, 1960 to present) • Flora of Tropical East Africa (current ed. H. Beentje, 1952 to present) • Plants collected by the Vernay Nyasaland Expedition of 1946 (Brenan & collaborators 1953, 1954) • Wye College 1972 Malawi Project Final Report (Brummitt 1973) • Resource inventory and management plan for the Nyika National Park (Mill 1979) • The forest vegetation of the Nyika Plateau: ecological and phenological studies (Dowsett-Lemaire 1985) • Biosearch Nyika Expedition 1997 report (Patel 1999) • Biosearch Nyika Expedition 2001 report (Patel & Overton 2002) • Evergreen forest flora of Malawi (White, Dowsett-Lemaire & Chapman 2001) We also consulted numerous papers dealing with specific families or genera and, finally, included the collections made during the SABONET Nyika Expedition. In addition, botanists from K and PRE provided valuable input in particular plant groups. Much of the descriptive material is taken directly from one or more of the works listed above, including information regarding habitat and distribution. A single illustration accompanies each genus; two illustrations are sometimes included in large genera with a wide morphological variance (for example, Lobelia).
    [Show full text]
  • Campus Veterinaire De Lyon
    VETAGRO SUP CAMPUS VETERINAIRE DE LYON Année 2012 - Thèse n°100 Synthèse bibliographique de la phytothérapie et de l’aromathérapie appliquées à la dermatologie THESE Présentée à l’UNIVERSITE CLAUDE-BERNARD - LYON I (Médecine - Pharmacie) et soutenue publiquement le 20 décembre 2012 pour obtenir le grade de Docteur Vétérinaire par RICHARD Anne Née le 2 avril 1987 à Dakar (Sénégal) 2 ENSEIGNANTS DU CAMPUS VÉTÉRINAIRE DE VETAGRO SUP NOM Prénom Grade Unité pédagogique ALOGNINOUWA Théodore Professeur 1ere cl Pathologie du bétail ALVES-DE-OLIVEIRA Laurent Maître de conférences hors cl Gestion des élevages ARCANGIOLI Marie-Anne Maître de conférences cl normale Pathologie du bétail ARTOIS Marc Professeur 1ere cl Santé Publique et Vétérinaire BECKER Claire Maître de conférences cl normale Pathologie du bétail BELLI Patrick Maître de conférences associé Pathologie morphologique et clinique BELLUCO Sara Maître de conférences cl normale Pathologie morphologique et clinique BENAMOU-SMITH Agnès Maître de conférences cl normale Equine BENOIT Etienne Professeur 1ere cl Biologie fonctionnelle BERNY Philippe Professeur 1ere cl Biologie fonctionnelle BONNET-GARIN Jeanne-Marie Professeur 2eme cl Biologie fonctionnelle BOULOCHER Caroline Maître de conférences cl normale Anatomie Chirurgie (ACSAI) BOURDOISEAU Gilles Professeur 1ere cl Santé Publique et Vétérinaire BOURGOIN Gilles Maître de conférences cl normale Santé Publique et Vétérinaire BRUYERE Pierre Maître de conférences contractuel Biotechnologies et pathologie de la reproduction BUFF Samuel Maître
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Biogeography of the Carnivorous Plant Family Droseraceae with Representative Drosera Species From
    F1000Research 2017, 6:1454 Last updated: 10 AUG 2021 RESEARCH ARTICLE Phylogeny and biogeography of the carnivorous plant family Droseraceae with representative Drosera species from Northeast India [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 1 not approved] Devendra Kumar Biswal 1, Sureni Yanthan2, Ruchishree Konhar 1, Manish Debnath 1, Suman Kumaria 2, Pramod Tandon2,3 1Bioinformatics Centre, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India 2Department of Botany, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India 3Biotech Park, Jankipuram, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India v1 First published: 14 Aug 2017, 6:1454 Open Peer Review https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12049.1 Latest published: 14 Aug 2017, 6:1454 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12049.1 Reviewer Status Invited Reviewers Abstract Background: Botanical carnivory is spread across four major 1 2 angiosperm lineages and five orders: Poales, Caryophyllales, Oxalidales, Ericales and Lamiales. The carnivorous plant family version 1 Droseraceae is well known for its wide range of representatives in the 14 Aug 2017 report report temperate zone. Taxonomically, it is regarded as one of the most problematic and unresolved carnivorous plant families. In the present 1. Andreas Fleischmann, Ludwig-Maximilians- study, the phylogenetic position and biogeographic analysis of the genus Drosera is revisited by taking two species from the genus Universität München, Munich, Germany Drosera (D. burmanii and D. Peltata) found in Meghalaya (Northeast 2. Lingaraj Sahoo, Indian Institute of India). Methods: The purposes of this study were to investigate the Technology Guwahati (IIT Guwahati) , monophyly, reconstruct phylogenetic relationships and ancestral area Guwahati, India of the genus Drosera, and to infer its origin and dispersal using molecular markers from the whole ITS (18S, 28S, ITS1, ITS2) region Any reports and responses or comments on the and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcL) sequences.
    [Show full text]
  • Drosera Sp: a Critical Review on Phytochemical and Ethnomedicinal Aspect
    International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences-IJPBSTM (2019) 9 (1): 596-601 Online ISSN: 2230-7605, Print ISSN: 2321-3272 Research Article | Biological Sciences | Open Access | MCI Approved UGC Approved Journal Drosera Sp: A Critical Review on Phytochemical and Ethnomedicinal Aspect Rakesh Goswami1, Tanmoy Sinha2* and Kishore Ghosh3 1 Department of Bio-Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Medinipur, West Bengal 721102. 2 Department of Botany, Cytogenetic and Molecular Biology Section, University of Burdwan. 3Department of Botany, University of Burdwan. Received: 10 Oct 2018/ Accepted: 8 Nov 2018/ Published online: 01Jan 2019 Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] Abstract Day by day medicinal plant research and their phytometabolites drawing interest in medical sciences due to loyal medicinal and pharmacological values. Drosera is a very well-known insectivorous plant and it is consists of near about 170 species throughout the world. Phytochemical profiling of this species has revealed the presence of highly valuable phytochemicals like Quercetin, Hyperoside, Isoquercitrin and Naphthoquinones etc. We utilized logical writing and scientific literature from electronic search engine such as Spinger link, science direct, Pub Med, Scopus and BioMed central as well as relevant books, websites, scientific publications and dissertation as a source of information. According to recent research information, these compounds are strongly associated with anti-cancerous, anti- microbial and also anti-inflammatory activities. This review intends to investigate the published report regarding phytochemicals, ethnomedicinal and pharmacological viewpoints and put forth the therapeutic potential of Drosera. Future research can be directed to extensive investigation about phytochemistry, clinical trials and pharmacokinetics acquiring safety data so as to add new dimensions to therapeutic utilization of Drosera.
    [Show full text]
  • Drug Discovery and Development with Plant-Derived Compounds
    Progress in Drug Research Founded by Ernst Jucker Series Editors Prof. Dr. Paul L. Herrling Alex Matter, M.D., Director Novartis International AG Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases CH-4002 Basel 10 Biopolis Road, #05-01 Chromos Switzerland Singapore 138670 Singapore Progress in Drug Research Natural Compounds as Drugs Volume I Vol. 65 Edited by Frank Petersen and René Amstutz Birkhäuser Basel • Boston • Berlin Editors Frank Petersen René Amstutz Novartis Pharma AG Lichtstrasse 35 4056 Basel Switzerland Library of Congress Control Number: 2007934728 Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the internet at http://dnb.ddb.de ISBN 978-3-7643-8098-4 Birkhäuser Verlag AG, Basel – Boston – Berlin The publisher and editor can give no guarantee for the information on drug dosage and administration contained in this publication. The respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other sources of reference in each individual case. The use of registered names, trademarks etc. in this publication, even if not identified as such, does not imply that they are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations or free for general use. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broad- casting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. For any kind of use, permission of the copyright owner must be obtained. © 2008 Birkhäuser Verlag AG Basel · Boston · Berlin P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • FILOGENIA E BIOGEOGRAFIA DE DROSERACEAE INFERIDAS a PARTIR DE CARACTERES MORFOLÓGICOS E MOLECULARES (18S, Atpb, Matk, Rbcl E ITS)
    FILOGENIA E BIOGEOGRAFIA DE DROSERACEAE INFERIDAS A PARTIR DE CARACTERES MORFOLÓGICOS E MOLECULARES (18S, atpB, matK, rbcL e ITS) VITOR FERNANDES OLIVEIRA DE MIRANDA Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”, Campus de Rio Claro, para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Biológicas (Área de Concentração: Biologia Vegetal) Rio Claro Estado de São Paulo – Brasil Abril de 2.006 FILOGENIA E BIOGEOGRAFIA DE DROSERACEAE INFERIDAS A PARTIR DE CARACTERES MORFOLÓGICOS E MOLECULARES (18S, atpB, matK, rbcL e ITS) VITOR FERNANDES OLIVEIRA DE MIRANDA Orientador: Prof. Dr. ANTONIO FURLAN Co-orientador: Prof. Dr. MAURÍCIO BACCI JÚNIOR Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”, Campus de Rio Claro, para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Biológicas (Área de Concentração: Biologia Vegetal) Rio Claro Estado de São Paulo – Brasil Abril de 2.006 582 Miranda, Vitor Fernandes Oliveira de M672f Filogenia e biogeografia de Droseraceae inferidas a partir de caracteres morfológicos e moleculares (18S, atpB, matK, rbcL e ITS) / Vitor Fernandes Oliveira de Miranda. – Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2006 132 f. : il., figs., tabs., fots. Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Institu- to de Biociências de Rio Claro Orientador: Antonio Furlan Co-orientador: Mauricio Bacci Junior 1. Botânica – Classificação. 2. Botânica sistemática molecu- lar. 3. Aldrovanda. 4. Dionaea. 5. Drosera. 6. DNA. I. Título. Ficha Catalográfica elaborada pela STATI – Biblioteca da UNESP Campus de Rio Claro/SP iv Agradecimentos Ao Prof. Furlan por sua sabedoria, por toda a sua paciência, por toda a sua compreensão, que sempre soube me ouvir e sempre me viu, acima de tudo, como pessoa.
    [Show full text]
  • Possibilities for the Propagation and Re-Population of Peat Bogs with Carnivorous Species
    Agricultura – Ştiinţă şi practică nr. 3-4 (75-76)/2010 POSSIBILITIES FOR THE PROPAGATION AND RE-POPULATION OF PEAT BOGS WITH CARNIVOROUS SPECIES Doina Clapa 1), A. Fira 1),, I. Pacurar 2) , Anca Sotropa 2) 1) Fruit Research Station Cluj, 5 Horticultorilor Street, 400457 Cluj-Napoca, Cluj- Napoca, Romania; www.scdpcluj.ro, [email protected] 2) University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Manastur Street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Abstract. Our paper presents the possibilities regarding the in vitro propagation of species Drosera rotundifolia si Pinguicula vulgaris, two of the few carnivorous species in Romania. These two species can be found in humid, swampy areas, especially in peat bogs, the perimeters in which they live are natural reservations, protected areas or Natura 2000 sites, being protected by law. The in vitro propagation of these species was done with the aim of obtaining a large number of plants in a short time, starting from leaf fragments, for the conservation of the bodiversity of these sites. Keywords: Drosera rotundifolia , Pinguicula vulgaris, in vitro, acclimation INTRODUCTION The European Union embarked on the path of stopping the decline of biodiversity and it takes part in a global convention for the significant reduction of the loss in biodiversity. Natura 2000 is essential for attaining this goal, as it is the network of environmental protection areas at the level of the European Union, created in order to ensure the survival of the most valuable species and habitats in Europe. It is not limited to natural reservations, but it is based on a broader principle of conservation and sustainable use, according to which people and nature can coexist in harmony.
    [Show full text]
  • Poaceae Ressources
    Guide to Liberian Grasses The Nimba Mountains, Bong and the Coastal Area around Buchanan Pierre Poilecot May 2015 Guide to Liberian Grasses Guide to Liberian Grasses The Nimba Mountains, Bong and the Coastal Area around Buchanan Pierre Poilecot This guide book is published jointly by ArcelorMittal Liberia Limited and CIRAD. It is derived from work commissioned by ArcelorMittal as part of the environmental and social impact assessments for its mining operations in the western range mountains of Nimba in Liberia. The detailed consideration of grasses was required to assist the company to understand the role of Gramineae in the biological environment, and to ensure that land restoration works make use of the best available species. The work leading to this guide was undertaken by URS Scott Wilson, contracted by ArcelorMittal Liberia to produce the overall impact assessments. CIRAD acted as the specialist sub-contractor for the grass study. The guide was produced by Pierre Poilecot with the assistance of Ouo Ouo Haba. Pierre died shortly after completing the work. He was a man of immense enthusiasm for his work, for grasses, for Africa and for life. He embodied professionalism and academic strength in all that he did. We publish this work in memory of him, and to ensure that his expertise is preserved for future generations and that the grasses of Liberia are understood and used to the betterment of the landscape, and its ecosystems and society. © Copyright ArcelorMittal and CIRAD ArcelorMittal Liberia Limited CIRAD P.O. Box 1275 Département Environnements et Sociétés Tubman Boulevard at 15th Street Campus International de Baillarguet – Sinkor TA C-DIR / B Monrovia 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5 Liberia France www.arcelormittal.com www.cirad.fr Version: May 2015 Page 2 of 182 Guide to Liberian Grasses CONTENTS 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Medicinal Plant Conservation
    MEDICINAL Medicinal Plant PLANT SPECIALIST Conservation GROUP Volume 15 Newsletter of the Medicinal Plant Specialist Group of the IUCN Species Survival Commission Chaired by Danna J. Leaman Chair’s note .......................................................................................................................................... 2 Taxon file Conservation of the Palo Santo tree, Bulnesia sarmientoi Lorentz ex Griseb, in the South America Chaco Region - Tomás Waller, Mariano Barros, Juan Draque & Patricio Micucci ............................. 4 Manejo Integral de poblaciones silvestres y cultivo agroecológico de Hombre grande (Quassia amara) en el Caribe de Costa Rica, América Central - Rafael Ángel Ocampo Sánchez ....................... 9 Regional file Chilean medicinal plants - Gloria Montenegro & Sharon Rodríguez ................................................. 15 Focus on Medicinal Plants in Madagascar - Julie Le Bigot ................................................................. 25 Medicinal Plants utilisation and conservation in the Small Island States of the SW Indian Ocean with particular emphasis on Mauritius - Ameenah Gurib-Fakim ............................................................... 29 Conservation assessment and management planning of medicinal plants in Tanzania - R.L. Mahunnah, S. Augustino, J.N. Otieno & J. Elia...................................................................................................... 35 Community based conservation of ethno-medicinal plants by tribal people of Orissa state,
    [Show full text]
  • C:\My Documents\Sally\Wetlands See CD\Volume II Chaps 1 & 2 Whole
    Zambezi Basin Wetlands Volume II : Chapters 1 & 2 - Contents i Back to links page CONTENTS VOLUME II Technical Reviews Page CHAPTER 1 : VEGETATION ........................................... 1 1.1 Introduction .................................................................. 1 1.2 Wetland vegetation and habitats .................................. 2 1.3 East Caprivi, Namibia .................................................. 5 1.4 Barotse Floodplain, Western Zambia ........................... 8 1.5 Zambezi Delta, Mozambique ........................................ 11 1.6 Overall assessment and conclusions ............................. 15 1.7 References .................................................................... 16 FIGURES 1.2-1.5 Vegetation maps ................................. 19 APPENDICES ............................................................... 27 Appendix 1.1: Zambezi Delta - vegetation type descriptions .................................................... 27 CHAPTER 2 : WETLAND PLANTS .................................. 31 2.1 Introduction ................................................................... 31 2.2. Previous work ............................................................... 32 2.3 Wetland habitat types ................................................... 34 2.4 Wetland species ............................................................ 35 2.5 Aquatic weeds .............................................................. 40 2.6 Sites and species of interest .......................................... 41
    [Show full text]
  • Universidade Do Algarve
    UNIVERSIDADE DO ALGARVE FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS E TECNOLOGIA PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CARNIVOROUS PLANTS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION (Tese para a obtenção do grau de doutor no ramo de Ciências Biotecnológicas, especialidade de Biotecnologia Vegetal) TOMÁS GREVENSTUK FARO 2010 UNIVERSIDADE DO ALGARVE FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS E TECNOLOGIA PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CARNIVOROUS PLANTS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION (Tese para a obtenção do grau de doutor no ramo de Ciências Biotecnológicas, especialidade de Biotecnologia Vegetal) TOMÁS GREVENSTUK Orientador: Prof. Doutora Anabela Romano FARO 2010 DECLARATION This thesis contains results that were, or will be published in collaboration with A Romano, S Gonçalves, J Vervoort, JJJ van der Hooft, P de Waard, C Quintas, N Gaspar, AL Escapa, N Coelho, S Almeida, JMF Nogueira and N Neng. I hereby declare that this thesis is a presentation of original research work. Wherever contributions of others are involved, every effort is made to indicate this clearly, with due reference to the literature, and acknowledgement of collaborative research and discussions. Faro, September 2010 Tomás Grevenstuk i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude and appreciation to my supervisor, Professor Dr. Anabela Romano, for offering me the chance to apply as a PhD student at the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory. I am very grateful for her help with outlining this research project, guidance, encouragement, good spirits and for the special bond that was created and strengthened throughout the past years, but also for taking the time for the thorough revision of this thesis. I am very grateful to Dr. Sandra Gonçalves, my “unofficial” co-supervisor, without whose support, motivation and encouragement, I would possibly not have considered a career following this direction.
    [Show full text]