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Gender-Based Violence Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation with Refugee and Conflict-Affected Populations

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Gender-Based Violence Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation with Refugee and Conflict-Affected Populations Gender-Based Violence Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation with Refugee and Conflict-Affected Populations A Manual and Toolkit for Researchers and Practitioners Field Testing Version - September 2017 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This document was developed with funding from the US Department of State Bureau of Population, Refugees and Migration. Additional support was received from the What Works to Prevent Violence Against Women and Girls in Conflict and Humanitarian Crises research program, which is funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID). The views expressed and information contained in this document are the product of the Global Women’s Institute and are not necessarily those of or endorsed by the US Department of State or DFID, neither of which can accept no responsibility for such views or information or for any reliance placed on them Gender-Based Violence Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation with Refugee and Conflict-Affected Populations A Manual and Toolkit for Researchers and Practitioners TABLE OF CONTENTS Section I: Key Concepts .................................................................................................................................................................................................1 1. Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................................................................1 2. Introduction to Gender-based Violence among Refugee and Conflict-Affected Populations............................................................................................................................................................2 3. Introduction to Research, Monitoring and Evaluation for GBV programs among Refugee and Conflict-affected Populations .........................................................................................................7 4. Using Gender and Participatory Approaches ........................................................................................................................9 5. Safety and Ethical Considerations for Research, Monitoring and Evaluation with Refugees and Conflict-Affected Populations ...............................................................................11 6. Determining the Overall Aims of the Project ......................................................................................................................16 Section II: Technical Approaches .........................................................................................................................................................................23 7. Program Monitoring and Evaluation for GBV Programs with Refugee and Conflict-Affected Populations ..............................................................................................................................................23 8. Impact Evaluation for GBV Programs with Refugee and Conflict-affected Populations .........................................................................................................................................................31 9. Research and Approaches to Data Collection ....................................................................................................................42 10. Determine your Data Collection Methods ............................................................................................................................51 11. Tool Design, Site Selection and Sampling Strategies ...................................................................................................59 Section III: Operational Planning and Implementation .....................................................................................................................68 12. Data Collection...........................................................................................................................................................................................68 Section IV: Analysis, Uptake and Dissemination ....................................................................................................................................75 13. Analyze and understand the data ..............................................................................................................................................75 14. Using the results .......................................................................................................................................................................................82 1. Introduction SECTION WHAT IS THE MANUAL? This manual and the associated practitioner toolkit form a comprehensive package to support researchers and members of the humanitarian community in 1 conducting ethical and technically sound research, monitoring and/or evaluation Key Concepts (RME) on gender-based violence (GBV) within refugee and conflict-affected populations. The manual’s step-by-step approach enables readers to make appropriate ethical and methodological decisions when collecting data with refugee and other vulnerable populations. In addition, the practitioner’s toolkit provides data collection tools, templates and other resources that can be used in the field to enhance data collection and analysis efforts. Created by the Global Women’s Institute (GWI) at the George Washington University, these materials have been developed through a multi-phased process designed to identify and consolidate best practices and lessons learned in the field. Researchers at GWI first conducted a literature review of peer-reviewed articles and grey literature on GBV in refugee and conflict-affected populations. The team consulted with research and GBV specialists to identify the most important considerations for conducting ethical and methodologically-sound data collection among these populations. Through this process, the team also collected case studies to demonstrate the practical applications of best practices in real world settings. The combination of these lessons and GWI’s own experience in GBV research, monitoring and evaluation form the basis of this document. WHY IS IT NEEDED? There is an increasing emphasis on research, monitoring and evaluation for GBV programs among refugee and conflict-affected populations. However, these efforts are mixed in quality and often raise ethical questions. Researchers and practitioners often use weak methodologies (e.g. non-population based sampling, insufficient sample sizes, utilizing poor questionnaire design, insufficient training/piloting for data collectors, etc.) that reduce the utility of their results. In addition, not all researchers appropriately consider the unique ethical considerations that are relevant to collecting data on GBV in these particularly vulnerable and resource-poor populations. Despite this, donors are now emphasizing the importance WHO IS IT FOR? of NGO accountability to affected populations as well as This manual and toolkit have been written for a variety of demanding that NGOs demonstrate the effectiveness of the audiences. Most importantly these resources aim to bridge the funds they provide. This has increased the pressure on the gap between the academic and international humanitarian humanitarian community to move to a more evidence-based communities by focusing on these two groups. approach and to better understand and measure the effect of their programs to prevent and respond to GBV. First, for the international humanitarian community, the guidance will service as a primer on how to conduct safe and While there are other existing guidelines and manuals that ethical research, monitoring and evaluation on GBV in refugee can help researchers and practitioners to collect data on GBV, and conflict-affected settings. It provides a basic overview of none comprehensively examine the full research, monitoring methodological choices and best practices on data collection and evaluation spectrum or focus specifically on the unique for GBV – allowing GBV specialists to design and conduct their needs of refugee populations. This manual and toolkit aim to be own basic research, monitoring and evaluation as well as to practical and accessible to both researchers and GBV program feel empowered to engage with the academic community to staff alike. It provides an overall introduction to key concepts undertake more complex research and evaluation designs. and considerations for GBV research, monitoring and evaluation as well as focuses on what makes this work different when For the academic community, this guide will provide an undertaken with refugee and conflict-affected populations. introduction to the key principles that make GBV research, monitoring and evaluation different – particularly among refugee and conflict-affected populations. It will share best practices and lessons learned that will help them make the most methodologically and ethically appropriate decisions for their own research, monitoring and/or evaluation efforts. 2. Introduction to Gender-based Violence among Refugee and Conflict- Affected Populations WHAT IS GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE? "any harmful act that is perpetrated against a person's will and that is based on socially ascribed (i.e. gender) differences Gender-based violence (GBV) is an umbrella term between males and females. The term ‘gender-based violence’ is commonly used to refer to violence between individuals that primarily used to underscore the fact that structural, gender- stems from
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