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UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, IRVINE Soteriology in the Female
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE Soteriology in the Female-Spirit Noh Plays of Konparu Zenchiku DISSERTATION submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSPHY in East Asian Languages and Literatures by Matthew Chudnow Dissertation Committee: Associate Professor Susan Blakeley Klein, Chair Professor Emerita Anne Walthall Professor Michael Fuller 2017 © 2017 Matthew Chudnow DEDICATION To my Grandmother and my friend Kristen オンバサラダルマキリソワカ Windows rattle with contempt, Peeling back a ring of dead roses. Soon it will rain blue landscapes, Leading us to suffocation. The walls structured high in a circle of oiled brick And legs of tin- Stonehenge tumbles. Rozz Williams Electra Descending ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv CURRICULUM VITAE v ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION vi INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1: Soteriological Conflict and 14 Defining Female-Spirit Noh Plays CHAPTER 2: Combinatory Religious Systems and 32 Their Influence on Female-Spirit Noh CHAPTER 3: The Kōfukuji-Kasuga Complex- Institutional 61 History, the Daijōin Political Dispute and Its Impact on Zenchiku’s Patronage and Worldview CHAPTER 4: Stasis, Realization, and Ambiguity: The Dynamics 95 of Nyonin Jōbutsu in Yōkihi, Tamakazura, and Nonomiya CONCLUSION 155 BIBLIOGRAPHY 163 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation is the culmination of years of research supported by the department of East Asian Languages & Literatures at the University of California, Irvine. It would not have been possible without the support and dedication of a group of tireless individuals. I would like to acknowledge the University of California, Irvine’s School of Humanities support for my research through a Summer Dissertation Fellowship. I would also like to extend a special thanks to Professor Joan Piggot of the University of Southern California for facilitating my enrollment in sessions of her Summer Kanbun Workshop, which provided me with linguistic and research skills towards the completion of my dissertation. -
Introduction This Exhibition Celebrates the Spectacular Artistic Tradition
Introduction This exhibition celebrates the spectacular artistic tradition inspired by The Tale of Genji, a monument of world literature created in the early eleventh century, and traces the evolution and reception of its imagery through the following ten centuries. The author, the noblewoman Murasaki Shikibu, centered her narrative on the “radiant Genji” (hikaru Genji), the son of an emperor who is demoted to commoner status and is therefore disqualified from ever ascending the throne. With an insatiable desire to recover his lost standing, Genji seeks out countless amorous encounters with women who might help him revive his imperial lineage. Readers have long reveled in the amusing accounts of Genji’s romantic liaisons and in the dazzling descriptions of the courtly splendor of the Heian period (794–1185). The tale has been equally appreciated, however, as social and political commentary, aesthetic theory, Buddhist philosophy, a behavioral guide, and a source of insight into human nature. Offering much more than romance, The Tale of Genji proved meaningful not only for men and women of the aristocracy but also for Buddhist adherents and institutions, military leaders and their families, and merchants and townspeople. The galleries that follow present the full spectrum of Genji-related works of art created for diverse patrons by the most accomplished Japanese artists of the past millennium. The exhibition also sheds new light on the tale’s author and her female characters, and on the women readers, artists, calligraphers, and commentators who played a crucial role in ensuring the continued relevance of this classic text. The manuscripts, paintings, calligraphy, and decorative arts on display demonstrate sophisticated and surprising interpretations of the story that promise to enrich our understanding of Murasaki’s tale today. -
Aoi No Ue” –The Tale of Genji – Sep 13, 2020 (SUN) 8:00Pm ~ Exclusive Online Event Archived Until Sep 16, 2020
Japanese Noh Theater at Odawara Castle “Aoi no Ue” –The Tale of Genji – Sep 13, 2020 (SUN) 8:00pm ~ Exclusive Online Event Archived until Sep 16, 2020 Program: 1. Japanese Drum Performance—Hojo Daiko 2. Japanese Noh Theater at Odawara Castle “Aoi no Ue” - The Tale of Genji - 3. FUMA NINJA Legend of ODAWARA The Tale of Genji is a classic work of Japanese literature dating back to the 11th century and is considered one of the first novels ever written. It was written by Murasaki Shikibu, a poet, What is Noh? novelist, and lady-in-waiting in the imperial court of Japan. During the Heian period women were discouraged from furthering their education, but Murasaki Shikibu showed great aptitude Noh is a Japanese traditional performing art born in the 14th being raised in her father’s household that had more of a progressive attitude towards the century. Since then, Noh has been performed continuously until education of women. today. It is Japan’s oldest form of theatrical performance still in existence. The word“Noh” is derived from the Japanese word The overall story of The Tale of Genji follows different storylines in the imperial Heian court. for“skill” or“talent”. The Program The themes of love, lust, friendship, loyalty, and family bonds are all examined in the novel. The The use of Noh masks convey human emotions and historical and Highlights basic story follows Genji, who is the son of the emperor and is left out of succession talks for heroes and heroines. Noh plays typically last from 2-3 hours and political reasons. -
Nohand Kyogen
For more detailed information on Japanese government policy and other such matters, see the following home pages. Ministry of Foreign Affairs Website http://www.mofa.go.jp/ Web Japan http://web-japan.org/ NOH AND KYOGEN The world’s oldest living theater oh and kyogen are two of Japan’s four N forms of classical theater, the other two being kabuki and bunraku. Noh, which in its broadest sense includes the comic theater kyogen, developed as a distinctive theatrical form in the 14th century, making it the oldest extant professional theater in the world. Although noh and kyogen developed together and are inseparable, they are in many ways exact opposites. Noh is fundamentally a symbolic theater with primary importance attached to ritual and suggestion in a rarefied aesthetic atmosphere. In kyogen, on the other hand, primary importance is attached to making people laugh. History of the Noh Theater Noh performance chance to further refine the noh aesthetic Scene from a Kanze In the early 14th century, acting troupes principles of monomane (the imitation of school performance of the in a variety of centuries-old theatrical play Aoi no ue (Lady Aoi). things) and yugen, a Zen-influenced aesthetic © National Noh Theater traditions were touring and performing ideal emphasizing the suggestion of mystery at temples, shrines, and festivals, often and depth. In addition to writing some of with the patronage of the nobility. The the best-known plays in the noh repertoire, performing genre called sarugaku was one Zeami wrote a series of essays which of these traditions. The brilliant playwrights defined the standards for noh performance and actors Kan’ami (1333– 1384) and his son in the centuries that followed. -
Heian Court Poetry-1.Indd
IND TRO UCTION The Francesists know about French matters, the Germanists about German matters, the other specialists know about their own matters; those who know about marginal and minor literary cultures are very few; the Italianists mostly know only about Italian matters, and this is quite a problem. (Remo Ceserani) In recent years the definition of ‘World Literature’ has been object of at- tention for a growing number of scholars. As the globalized and intercon- nected world of the 21st century is facing new challenges concerning politics, economics, the environment, as a result, also the academic world has become increasingly globalized and interconnected, not only in the fields of Natural or Social sciences, but also as regards the Humanities and in particular Lit- erature, traditionally considered the most conservative and ‘classical’ field in academic studies. The problem about the universal definition of ‘Literature’ has always been extremely complex, because as stated by Remo Ceserani «for the common experience, the meanings of the term literature, and the various concepts conceived in the course of time, seem to be numerous, diversified, and incompatible with each other» (Ceserani 1999, p. 3). Nevertheless, with the relatively new definition of World Literature, many scholars (Damrosh, Moretti, Pizer etc.) expressed the need to face the problem of re-defining the very concept of Literature, starting from the correction of its Eurocentric tendencies and its distinction between ‘main’ literatures and ‘peripheral’ or ‘minor’ literatures, -
Discourses of the Heian Era and National Identity Formation in Contemporary Japan Hennessey, John L
Discourses of the Heian Era and National Identity Formation in Contemporary Japan Hennessey, John L. 2015 Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Hennessey, J. L. (2015). Discourses of the Heian Era and National Identity Formation in Contemporary Japan. (Working papers in contemporary Asian studies; No. 43). Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies, Lund University. Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Download date: 25. Sep. 2021 Discourses of the Heian Era and National Identity Formation in Contemporary Japan John L. Hennessey Working Paper No 43 2015 Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies Lund University, Sweden www.ace.lu.se * John L. -
Trans-Gender Themes in Japanese Literature from the Medieval to Meiji Eras
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses Dissertations and Theses July 2017 Trans-gender Themes in Japanese Literature From the Medieval to Meiji Eras Jessica Riggan University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2 Part of the Japanese Studies Commons Recommended Citation Riggan, Jessica, "Trans-gender Themes in Japanese Literature From the Medieval to Meiji Eras" (2017). Masters Theses. 532. https://doi.org/10.7275/10139588 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/532 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Trans-Gender Themes in Japanese Literature from the Medieval to Meiji Eras A Thesis Presented by Jessica Riggan Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2017 Japanese Asian Languages and Cultures Trans-Gender Themes in Japanese Literature from the Medieval to Meiji Eras A Thesis Presented By JESSICA RIGGAN Approved as to style and content by: Stephen Miller, Chair Amanda Seaman, Member Bruce Baird, Member Bruce Baird, Unit Director Japanese Languages and Cultures Part of the Department of Languages, Literatures, and Cultures William Moebius, Department Head Department of Languages, Literatures, and Cultures ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my thesis advisor, Professor Stephen Miller, for his continued guidance and patience during my thesis-writing process. -
0813344836-Friday Layout 1 10/19/11 12:38 PM Page 146
0813344836-Friday_Layout 1 10/19/11 12:38 PM Page 146 14 The Canons of Courtly Taste Robert Borgen and Joseph T. Sorensen During Japan’s classical age, a small civilian aristocracy produced a body of lit- erature that would inspire later generations. Moreover, many of these aristocrats actively participated in the visual and performing arts and patronized the cal- ligraphers, painters, sculptors, and many others with specialized skills needed to construct and decorate the buildings that served as the stage upon which the nobility conducted their lives, private and public, secular and religious. These works of art are also seminal elements in Japan’s artistic heritage. In modern times, the most notable literary classics have been translated into many lan- guages, and some are now counted among the masterpieces of world literature. The visual art also has found an international audience, and examples can be viewed in major Western museums. These works, both the literary and the vi- sual, can be characterized as courtly because they were associated with an elite society, centered on Japan’s imperial court, that prized elegance. Looking at the products of this courtly taste, one is apt to be struck at first glance by their ap- parent uniformity and the continuities that persisted over many centuries, in some cases down to the present day. Closer examination, however, reveals both diversity and change over time. This essay covers the roughly five hundred years that constitute the Nara and Heian periods, with some attention to the following Kamakura period. During these centuries, Japan’s culture went through many changes. -
The Heian Period
A Companion to Japanese History Edited by William M. Tsutsui Copyright © 2007 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd CHAPTER TWO The Heian Period G. Cameron Hurst III Heian is Japan’s classical age, when court power was at its zenith and aristocratic culture flourished. Understandably, it has long been assiduously studied by historians. The Heian period is the longest of the accepted divisions of Japanese history, covering almost exactly 400 years. Its dates seem obvious: ‘‘The Heian period opened in 794 with the building of a new capital, Heian-kyo¯, later known as Kyoto. The Heian period closed in 1185 when the struggle for hegemony among the warrior families resulted in the victory of Minamoto no Yoritomo and most political initiatives devolved into his hands at his headquarters at Kamakura.’’1 Although the establishment of a new capital would seem irrefutable evidence of the start of a new ‘‘period,’’ some argue that the move of the capital from Nara to Nagaoka in 784 better marks the beginning of the era. Indeed, some even consider the accession of Emperor Kammu in 781 a better starting date. Heian gives way to the next period, the Kamakura era, at the end of the twelfth century and the conclusion of the Gempei War. The end dates are even more contested and include (1) 1180 and Taira no Kiyomori’s forced move of the capital to Fukuhara; (2) 1183 and the flight of the Taira from the capital; (3) 1185, the end of the war and Retired Emperor Go-Shirakawa’s confirmation of Minamoto no Yoritomo’s right to appoint shugo and jito¯; or (4) 1192 and Yoritomo’s appointment as sho¯gun. -
The Tale of Genji” and Its Selected Adaptations
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Jagiellonian Univeristy Repository Anna Kuchta Instytut Filozo!i, Uniwersytet Jagielloński Joanna Malita Instytut Religioznawstwa, Uniwersytet Jagielloński Spirit possession and emotional suffering in „The Tale of Genji” and its selected adaptations. A study of love triangle between Prince Genji, Lady Aoi and Lady Rokujō Considered a fundamental work of Japanese literature – even the whole Japanese culture – !e Tale of Genji, written a thousand years ago by lady Murasaki Shikibu (a lady-in-waiting at the Imperial Court of the empress Shōshi1 in Heian Japan2), continues to awe the readers and inspire the artists up to the 21st century. %e amount of adaptations of the story, including more traditional arts (like Nō theatre) and modern versions (here !lms, manga and anime can be mentioned) only proves the timeless value and importance of the tale. %e academics have always regarded !e Tale of Genji as a very abundant source, too, as numerous analyses and studies have been produced hitherto. %is article intends to add to the perception of spiri- tual possession in the novel itself, as well as in selected adaptations. From poems to scents, from courtly romance to political intrigues: Shikibu covers the life of aristocrats so thoroughly that it became one of the main sour- ces of knowledge about Heian music3. Murasaki’s novel depicts the perfect male, 1 For the transcript of the Japanese words and names, the Hepburn romanisation system is used. %e Japanese names are given in the Japanese order (with family name !rst and personal name second). -
Three Major Poem Anthologies of Premodern Japan Man’Yô Shû / ᅝୠ Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves First Major Poem Anthology of the Country; Massive and Various
SAA Fall 2005 Lecture Series: Japanese poetry, memoirs & Noh drama handout #1 Three Major Poem Anthologies of Premodern Japan Man’yô shû / ᅝୠ Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves first major poem anthology of the country; massive and various ◊◊◊ basics: 4,536 poems; compiled by Ôtomo no Yakamochi; after 759 ◊◊◊ poem types: chôka (“long poems” ෳݬ), tanka (“short poems” ݬ), sedôka (a early, six-line poem in a 5- cadence, ಽຢݬ), butsusokuseki ka (Buddhist poems, ဗഫಒݬ), kanshi (“Chinese 7-7-5-7-7 poems” ࠛ), others ◊◊◊ script: vernacular Japanese written with man’yôgana (“Man’yô script” ᅝݜშ) ◊◊◊ major technique: makura kotoba (Ⴙ) “pillowing words” (also called: pillow words) ◊◊◊ aesthetic values: makoto (“sincerity” ಁ); masurao (“manliness” ܗਃට); emotionally moving ◊◊◊ important individuals: first “professional” poet Princess Nukata (634?–690?); great lyricist and one of the greatest of Japanese poets Kakinomoto no Hitomaro (late 8th c.); expert at scenic beauty Yamabe no Akahito (early 8th c.); well-versed in the Chinese classics and social critic Yamanoue no Okura (660?–733?); courtly Ôtomo no Tabito Hitomaro (665–731); compiler and individual with greatest number of poems Ôtomo no Yakamochi (7th c.) (718?–785) Kokin waka shû (Kokin shû) / গሆݬୠ Collection of Japanese Poems Ancient and Contemporary first imperial collection; hugely influential ◊◊◊ basics: 1,100 poems; compiled by Ki no Tsurayuki; 905? ◊◊◊ poem types: tanka (“short ိ ”poems” ݬ) ◊◊◊ script: vernacular Japanese written with hiragana (“smoothed-out script ݜშ) also called onnade -
100 Poems Imitating 100Translations Richard P.Gabriel
100 Poems Imitating 100 Translations Richard P.Gabriel May 17, 2021 Contents What Is This?—An Introduction . ii ShelteredHarvest........................................ 1 WetandWhite ......................................... 2 MountainPast.......................................... 3 ChocoruaMountainHighway . 4 CrimsonLeaves......................................... 5 SuchColors........................................... 6 StoneDark ........................................... 7 Skaw............................................... 8 NarrowingRoad ........................................ 9 Hey ............................................... 10 PastOutSkerries ........................................ 11 SkyPaths ............................................ 12 ForkedRiver........................................... 13 Puzzle.............................................. 14 Herbs .............................................. 15 Mountainous .......................................... 16 LongRedRoad ......................................... 17 LightFall ............................................ 18 ImpossibleGap ......................................... 19 Grief! .............................................. 20 AsIfaPriest........................................... 21 StormandDestruction ..................................... 22 MoonViewing ......................................... 23 Brocade ............................................. 24 MountRendezvous ....................................... 25 PastSnowfall .........................................