Acrolein: a Potential Mediator of Oxidative Damage in Diabetic Retinopathy
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Malonic Acid
SIGMA-ALDRICH sigma-aldrich.com Material Safety Data Sheet Version 4.1 Revision Date 09/20/2012 Print Date 03/13/2014 1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product name : Malonic acid Product Number : M1296 Brand : Sigma-Aldrich Supplier : Sigma-Aldrich 3050 Spruce Street SAINT LOUIS MO 63103 USA Telephone : +1 800-325-5832 Fax : +1 800-325-5052 Emergency Phone # (For : (314) 776-6555 both supplier and manufacturer) Preparation Information : Sigma-Aldrich Corporation Product Safety - Americas Region 1-800-521-8956 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Emergency Overview OSHA Hazards Toxic by inhalation., Harmful by ingestion., Irritant GHS Classification Acute toxicity, Inhalation (Category 5) Acute toxicity, Oral (Category 4) Skin irritation (Category 3) Serious eye damage (Category 1) GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements Pictogram Signal word Danger Hazard statement(s) H302 Harmful if swallowed. H316 Causes mild skin irritation. H318 Causes serious eye damage. H333 May be harmful if inhaled. Precautionary statement(s) P280 Wear protective gloves/ eye protection/ face protection. P305 + P351 + P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. HMIS Classification Health hazard: 2 Flammability: 1 Physical hazards: 0 NFPA Rating Health hazard: 2 Fire: 1 Sigma-Aldrich - M1296 Page 1 of 7 Reactivity Hazard: 0 Potential Health Effects Inhalation Toxic if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation. Skin Harmful if absorbed through skin. Causes skin irritation. Eyes Causes eye irritation. Ingestion Harmful if swallowed. 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Synonyms : Propanedioic acid Formula : C3H4O4 Molecular Weight : 104.06 g/mol Component Concentration Malonic acid CAS-No. -
Step Formation Constants of Some Malonato Lanthanide Chelate Species Marvin Lee Adolphson Iowa State University
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1969 Step formation constants of some malonato lanthanide chelate species Marvin Lee Adolphson Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Physical Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Adolphson, Marvin Lee, "Step formation constants of some malonato lanthanide chelate species " (1969). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 3809. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/3809 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 70-13,563 ADOLPHSON, Marvin Lee, 1941- STEP FORMATION CONSTANTS OF SOME MÀLONATO LANTHANIDE CHELATE SPECIES. Iowa State University, Ph.D., 1969 Chemistiy, physical University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED STEP FORMATION CONSTANTS OF SOME MALONATO LANTHANIDE CHELATE SPECIES by Marvin Lee Adolphson A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major Subject: Physical Chemistry Approved; Signature was redacted for privacy. In/Charge of Major Work Signature was redacted for privacy. Signature was redacted for privacy. Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 1969 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 1 COMPUTATIONS 4 EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS 15 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 35 DISCUSSION 56 SUMMARY 88 BIBLIOGRAPHY 89 ACKNOWLEDGMENT S 94 APPENDIX 95 1 INTRODUCTION The motivations for this research were fourfold. -
The Decomposition Kinetics of Peracetic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide in Municipal Wastewaters
Disinfection Forum No 10, October 2015 The Decomposition Kinetics of Peracetic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide in Municipal Wastewaters INTRODUCTION Efficient control of microbial populations in municipal wastewater using peracetic acid (PAA) requires an understanding of the PAA decomposition kinetics. This knowledge is critical to ensure the proper dosing of PAA needed to achieve an adequate concentration within the contact time of the disinfection chamber. In addition, the impact of PAA on the environment, post-discharge into the receiving water body, also is dependent upon the longevity of the PAA in the environment, before decomposing to acetic acid, oxygen and water. As a result, the decomposition kinetics of PAA may have a significant impact on aquatic and environmental toxicity. PAA is not manufactured as a pure compound. The solution exists as an equilibrium mixture of PAA, hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid, and water: ↔ + + Acetic Acid Hydrogen Peroxide Peracetic Acid Water PeroxyChem’s VigorOx® WWT II Wastewater Disinfection Technology contains 15% peracetic acid by weight and 23% hydrogen peroxide as delivered. Although hydrogen peroxide is present in the formulation, peracetic acid is considered to be the active component for disinfection1 in wastewater. There have been several published studies investigating the decomposition kinetics of PAA in different water matrices, including municipal wastewater2-7. Yuan7 states that PAA may be consumed in the following three competitive reactions: 1. Spontaneous decomposition 2 CH3CO3H à 2 CH3CO2H + O2 Eq (1) 2. Hydrolysis CH3CO3H + H2O à CH3CO2H + H2O2 Eq (2) 3. Transition metal catalyzed decomposition + CH3CO3H + M à CH3CO2H + O2 + other products Eq (3) At neutral pH’s, both peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide can be rapidly consumed by these reactions7 (hydrogen peroxide will decompose to water and oxygen via 2H2O2 à 2H2O + O2). -
Pre-Validation of an Acute Inhalation Toxicity Assay Using the Epiairway in Vitro Human Airway Model
Pre-Validation of an Acute Inhalation Toxicity Assay Using the EpiAirway In Vitro Human Airway Model George R. Jackson, Jr., Michelle Debatis, Anna G. Maione, Patrick J. Hayden Exposure to potentially dangerous chemicals can occur through inhalation. UNDERSTANDING HUMAN BIOLOGY IN DIMENSIONS3 2 Regulatory systems for classifying the acute inhalation toxicity of chemicals ≤ 0.05 mg/l > 0.05 ≤ 0.5 mg/l > 0.5 ≤ 2 mg/l > 2 mg/l Respirator Use Required 3 Regulatory systems for classifying the acute inhalation toxicity of chemicals 4 OECD 403/436 is the currently accepted test method for determining acute inhalation toxicity OECD Test Guidelines 403/436: In vivo rat LD50 test (dose at which 50% of the animals die) 4 hour exposure 14 Days Examination: - Death -Signs of toxicity -Necropsy should be performed (not always reported) Nose/Head only (preferred) Whole body Repeat stepwise with additional concentrations as necessary 5 Our goal is to develop & validate an in vitro test for acute inhalation toxicity UNDERSTANDING HUMAN BIOLOGY IN DIMENSIONS3 6 The EpiAirway Model EpiAirway is an in vitro 3D organotypic model of human tracheal/bronchial tissue. - Constructed from primary cells - Highly reproducible - Differentiated epithelium at the air-liquid interface - Beating cilia - Mucus secretion - Barrier function - Physiologically relevant & predictive of the human outcome Air Cilia Differentiated epithelium Microporous membrane Media 7 EpiAirwayTM acute inhalation toxicity test method Prepare 4-point dose Apply chemical to Incubate for 3 hours Examination: curve of chemical in the apical surface - Tissue viability (MTT) dH2O or corn oil Advantages of using the in vitro EpiAirway test: 1. -
University of Groningen Discovery of a Eugenol Oxidase From
University of Groningen Discovery of a eugenol oxidase from Rhodococcus sp strain RHA1 Jin, J.F.; Mazon, H.; van den Heuvel, R.H.H.; Janssen, D.B.; Fraaije, M.W. Published in: Febs Journal DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05767.x IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2007 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Jin, J. F., Mazon, H., van den Heuvel, R. H. H., Janssen, D. B., & Fraaije, M. W. (2007). Discovery of a eugenol oxidase from Rhodococcus sp strain RHA1. Febs Journal, 274(9), 2311 - 2321. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05767.x Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 23-09-2021 Discovery of a eugenol oxidase from Rhodococcus sp. -
Crystallization of Malonic and Succinic Acids on Sams: Toward the General Mechanism of Oriented Nucleation on Organic Monolayers†
pubs.acs.org/Langmuir © 2009 American Chemical Society Crystallization of Malonic and Succinic Acids on SAMs: Toward the General Mechanism of Oriented Nucleation on Organic Monolayers† Boaz Pokroy,‡ Victoria Fay Chernow, and Joanna Aizenberg* School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138. ‡ Current address: Department of Materials Engineering, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel. Received July 25, 2009. Revised Manuscript Received September 2, 2009 Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) were shown to induce very specific oriented growth of simple organic and inorganic crystals. Here we present a detailed study of the mechanism by which SAMs control the oriented nucleation by examining a more complex case of crystallization of bifunctional organic molecules. Malonic and succinic acids were grown on the SAMs of HS(CH2)10CO2H and HS(CH2)11CO2H supported on gold films. Each SAM induced a very controlled, specific orientation of the crystals. The preferred nucleating planes always exhibited an alignment of one of the carboxylic acid groups in the molecules of the growing crystal with the carboxylic acid groups on the surface of the SAMs. These results suggest that the translation of the structural information through the interface occurs by stereochemical registry such that the functional groups in the SAM play the role of an oriented surrogate layer for the nucleating crystal. These findings are very important to the understanding of the underlying principles by which various organic surfaces;and most probably also biological templates;control the crystallization process. Introduction templates to control the formation of both organic and inorganic An understanding of crystal nucleation and growth and the materials. -
Metabolomics of Metformin's Cardioprotective Effect in Acute
Sys Rev Pharm 2021;12(3):100-109 A multifaceted revieMw jouernatl ian thbe fioeld lofophamrmaciycs Of Metformin's Cardioprotective Effect In Acute Doxorubicin Induced- Cardiotoxicity In Rats Lubna Zuhair Abdul Karim *, Inam Sameh Arif **, Fouad A. Al Saady *** *Pharmacist, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, M.Sc. program, Iraq. **Assist.Prof., Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq. *** Assist. Prof., Department of pharmaceutical chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq. Corresponding author: Lubna Zuhair Abdul Karim *e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Doxorubicin (DOX) is a powerful anticancer agent with sever cardiotoxic side Keywords: metabolomics, cardiotoxicity, doxorubicin, cardioprotection, effect which limits the clinical use. Metformin (MET) is antihyperglycemic drug metformin. with potential cardioprotective effect via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) (increases fatty acid oxidation, decreases the production of ROS, maintaining Correspondence: energy homeostasis and apoptosis). Metabolomics technology deals with Lubna Zuhair Abdul Karim systematic study of chemical fingerprints of metabolite profiles. Different *Pharmacist, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, metabolic processes can be identified which will give information of any change Mustansiriyah University, M.Sc. program, Iraq. in the metabolic profile of tissues as well as of biofluids after drug -
Algorithmic Analysis of Chemical Dynamics of the Autoignition of NH3–H2O2/Air Mixtures
energies Article Algorithmic Analysis of Chemical Dynamics of the Autoignition of NH3–H2O2/Air Mixtures Ahmed T. Khalil 1,2, Dimitris M. Manias 3, Efstathios-Al. Tingas 4, Dimitrios C. Kyritsis 1,2,* and Dimitris A. Goussis 1,2 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, UAE; [email protected] (A.T.K.); [email protected] (D.A.G.) 2 Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and H2 (RICH), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE 3 Department of Mechanics, School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 157 73 Athens, Greece; [email protected] 4 Perth College, University of the Highlands and Islands, (UHI), Perth PH1 2NX, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 8 September 2019; Accepted: 7 October 2019; Published: 21 November 2019 Abstract: The dynamics of a homogeneous adiabatic autoignition of an ammonia/air mixture at constant volume was studied, using the algorithmic tools of Computational Singular Perturbation. Since ammonia combustion is characterized by both unrealistically long ignition delays and elevated NOx emissions, the time frame of action of the modes that are responsible for ignition was analyzed by calculating the developing time scales throughout the process and by studying their possible relation to NOx emissions. The reactions that support or oppose the explosive time scale were identified, along with the variables that are related the most to the dynamics that drive the system to an explosion. -
1997-11-12 Acrolein As Federal Hazardous Air Pollutant
ACROLEIN Acrolein is a federal hazardous air pollutant and was identified as a toxic air contaminant in April 1993 under AB 2728. CAS Registry Number: 107-02-8 H2C=CHCHO Molecular Formula: C3H4O Acrolein is a colorless or yellowish, flammable liquid with an unpleasant, extremely pungent odor. It is soluble in petroleum ether, water, and alcohol and miscible with hydrocarbons, acetone, and benzene (Sax, 1989). Acrolein polymerizes (especially in the presence of light, alkali, or strong acid) forming disacryl, a plastic solid (Merck, 1989). Physical Properties of Acrolein Synonyms: acraldehyde; allyl aldehyde; acrylic aldehyde; Biocide; 2-propenal Molecular Weight: 56.06 Boiling Point: 52.5 oC Melting Point: -88.0 oC Flash Point: -18 oC (< 0 oF) (open cup) Vapor Density: 1.94 (air = 1) Vapor Pressure: 210 mm Hg at 20 oC Density/Specific Gravity: 0.8389 at 20/4 oC Log Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient: -0.09 Water Solubility: 208,000 mg/L at 20 oC Henry's Law Constant: 4.4 x 10-6 atm-m3/mole Conversion Factor: 1 ppm = 2.29 mg/m3 (Howard, 1990; HSDB, 1991; Merck, 1989; U.S. EPA, 1994a) SOURCES AND EMISSIONS A. Sources Acrolein is emitted from sources where it is manufactured and used as an intermediate for glycerine, methionine, glutaraldehyde, and other organic chemicals. It is also found in tobacco smoke, forest fire emissions, and gasoline and diesel exhaust. Acrolein is also a photooxidation product of various hydrocarbons including 1,3-butadiene (Howard, 1990). Toxic Air Contaminant Identification List Summaries - ARB/SSD/SES September 1997 23 Acrolein The primary stationary sources that have reported emissions of acrolein in California are paper mills, and abrasive, asbestos, miscellaneous non-metallic mineral, and wood products (ARB, 1997b). -
Interaction of Ozone and Hydrogen Peroxide in Water Implications For
UC Irvine Faculty Publications Title Interaction of ozone and hydrogen peroxide in water: Implications for analysis of H 2 O 2 in air Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7j7454z7 Journal Geophysical Research Letters, 9(3) ISSN 00948276 Authors Zika, R. G Saltzman, E. S Publication Date 1982-03-01 DOI 10.1029/GL009i003p00231 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 4.0 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California GEOPHYSICLARESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 9, NO. 3, PAGES231-234 , MARCH1982 INTERACTION OF OZONE AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN WATER: IMPLICATIONSFORANALYSIS oFH20 2 IN AIR R.G. Zika and E.S. Saltzman Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 331#9 Abstract. We have attempted to measure gaseous Analytical Methods H202 in air usingan aqueoustrapping method. With continuousbubbling, H 20 2 levels in the traps reacheda a. Hydrogen Peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide in aqueous plateau, indicating that a state of dynamic equilibrium solution was measured using a modified fluorescence involving H202 destrbction was established. We decay technique [Perschke and Broda, 1976; Zika and attribute this behavior to the interaction of ozone and its Zelmer, 1982]. The method involved the addition of a decompositionproducts (OH, O[) withH 20 2 inacld:•ous known amot•at of scopoletin (6-methyl-7-hydroxyl-i,2- solution. This hypothesis was investigated by replacing benzopyrone)to a pH 7.0 phosphatebuffered. sample. the air stream with a mixture of N2, 02 and 0 3. The The sample was prepared bY diluting an aliquot of the results Of this experiment show that H O was both reaction solution to 20 mls with low contaminant producedand destroyedin the traps. -
APPENDIX G Acid Dissociation Constants
harxxxxx_App-G.qxd 3/8/10 1:34 PM Page AP11 APPENDIX G Acid Dissociation Constants § ϭ 0.1 M 0 ؍ (Ionic strength ( † ‡ † Name Structure* pKa Ka pKa ϫ Ϫ5 Acetic acid CH3CO2H 4.756 1.75 10 4.56 (ethanoic acid) N ϩ H3 ϫ Ϫ3 Alanine CHCH3 2.344 (CO2H) 4.53 10 2.33 ϫ Ϫ10 9.868 (NH3) 1.36 10 9.71 CO2H ϩ Ϫ5 Aminobenzene NH3 4.601 2.51 ϫ 10 4.64 (aniline) ϪO SNϩ Ϫ4 4-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid 3 H3 3.232 5.86 ϫ 10 3.01 (sulfanilic acid) ϩ NH3 ϫ Ϫ3 2-Aminobenzoic acid 2.08 (CO2H) 8.3 10 2.01 ϫ Ϫ5 (anthranilic acid) 4.96 (NH3) 1.10 10 4.78 CO2H ϩ 2-Aminoethanethiol HSCH2CH2NH3 —— 8.21 (SH) (2-mercaptoethylamine) —— 10.73 (NH3) ϩ ϫ Ϫ10 2-Aminoethanol HOCH2CH2NH3 9.498 3.18 10 9.52 (ethanolamine) O H ϫ Ϫ5 4.70 (NH3) (20°) 2.0 10 4.74 2-Aminophenol Ϫ 9.97 (OH) (20°) 1.05 ϫ 10 10 9.87 ϩ NH3 ϩ ϫ Ϫ10 Ammonia NH4 9.245 5.69 10 9.26 N ϩ H3 N ϩ H2 ϫ Ϫ2 1.823 (CO2H) 1.50 10 2.03 CHCH CH CH NHC ϫ Ϫ9 Arginine 2 2 2 8.991 (NH3) 1.02 10 9.00 NH —— (NH2) —— (12.1) CO2H 2 O Ϫ 2.24 5.8 ϫ 10 3 2.15 Ϫ Arsenic acid HO As OH 6.96 1.10 ϫ 10 7 6.65 Ϫ (hydrogen arsenate) (11.50) 3.2 ϫ 10 12 (11.18) OH ϫ Ϫ10 Arsenious acid As(OH)3 9.29 5.1 10 9.14 (hydrogen arsenite) N ϩ O H3 Asparagine CHCH2CNH2 —— —— 2.16 (CO2H) —— —— 8.73 (NH3) CO2H *Each acid is written in its protonated form. -
Filter Chart
Filter Chart Chemical Filter Chemical Filter Chemical Filter Abate FFP1 tert-Butyl acetate A1 Copper fume FFP1 Acetaldehyde A1 Butyl acrylate A1 Dusts & mist (as Cu) FFP1 Acetic acid E1 n-Butyl alcohol A1 Cotton dust, raw FFP1 Acetic anhydride B1 sec-Butyl alcohol R A1 Crag herbicide FFP1 Acetonitrile A1 Butylamine B1 Cresol, all isomers FFP1 Acetylene dichloride A1 tert-Butyl chromate (as Cro3) FFP1 Cumene FFP1 Acetylene tetrabromide A1 n-Butyl glycidyl ether(BGE) A1 Cyanamide A1 P1 Acetylsalicylic acid FFP2 n-Butyl lactate A1 Cyanogen B1 Acrolein A1 o-sec Butyl phenol A1 Acrylamide A1 P2 p-tert Butyltoluene A1 Cyanogen chloride (CK) B1 Acrylonitrile A1 Cadmium, dust & salts (as Cd) FFP1 Cyclohexane A1 Aldrin A1 P2 Cadmium oxide fume (as Cd) FFP1 Cyclohexnol A1 Allyl alcohol A1 Calcium cyanamide FFP1 Cyclohexanone A1 Allyl chloride A1 Calcium hydroxide FFP1 Cyclohexene Allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) A1 Calcium oxide FFP1 A1 Allyl propyl disulfide B1 Camphor, synthetic A1 Cyclohexylamine A1 Aluminium metal and oxide FFP2 Caprolactam Dust FFP1 Cyclonite B1 Aluminium pyro powders FFP2 Vapor A1 1.3 Cyclopentadiene A1 Aluminium welding fumes A1 P2 Captafol(DifolatanR) FFP1 2.4-D (2.4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) FFP1 Aluminium soluble salts FFP2 Captan FFP1 Aluminium, alkyls A1 R Carbary (Seven ) FFP1 D.D.T. (Dichlorodiphenyl A1 P1 4-Aminodiphenyl FFP1 Carbofuran (FuradanR) FFP1 trichloroethane) A1 P1 2- Aminoethanol A1 Carbon black FFP1 DDVP Decaborane B1 P1 2- Aminopyridine K1 Carbon dusulfide B1 DemetonR B1 P1 Ammonia A1 Carbon tetrabromide