Positive energy

Twence in 2016

1 Section 1– Hoofdtitel Paul van Hooijdonk

Director of Comgoed and a Twente enthusiast

2 Section 1– Hoofdtitel Paul’s most beautiful place in Twente

Twente is wonderful! I love spending my holidays here, at least

once a year. This is where I can find peace and quiet, nature,

relaxation and a pleasant atmosphere. “... the beautiful forest paths and The landscapes in this region are very surprising the gently rolling and varied, with beautiful farmlands and wooded landscape...” banks. This spot here in the Lutterzand, with

the meandering Dinkel, the beautiful forest paths and the gently

rolling landscape, is particularly special for me.

It is because of all these special elements that I like to spend

time in the region. Twente is also a part of the Netherlands

where the people have no pretentions and support each other.

I really like the mentality here. Very pleasant and friendly people

who are very ambitious and passionate about what they do...

without losing sight of reality.

Twence – Public Annual Report SectionHoofdstuk 1 – Hoofdtitel 4 – Planet 3 Inhoudsopgave

Positive energy 05

Twence in brief 07

People 10 Value for our shareholders 10 Customers 11 Partnering 13 Texts/final editing: Management and Supervision 14 Twence B.V. Communications Department People and Organisation 15 Relationship with our Surroundings 16 Cover photography: Corporate Social Responsibility 16 Frans Dekker Photography, Enschede, Health and Safety 18 with thanks to Farwick Groenspecialisten. Planet 22 Photography: Recovery of (Raw) Materials 22 Simone Gerard, Frans Dekker, Rikkert Energy and Raw Materials Projects 26 Harink, Christian van der Mey, Raymond Energy from renewable resources 30 van Olphen, Twence. Optimal use and improvement of plants 32 Energy from non-recyclable waste 34 Design: Dumping Waste 36 Reclamebureau VanderVeer, Enschede. Quality 37 Environmental Aspects 39

This report is published in Dutch, English Profit 44 and German. The year 2016 44 The printed Dutch edition is leading. Key Figures 44 The Future 45

4 Hoofdstuk 1 – Hoofdtitel Positive energy Energy from waste plants, biomass power plants, anaerobic digesters for organic We all want to handle raw materials and We have the long-term perspective and waste from kitchens and gardens, sludge energy more consciously. We separate our future generations in mind when we incineration systems and landfill sites green waste from the rest, put glass in make our decisions. Our source, the raw jointly supply just under 20 percent of the glass recycling container and set our material ‘waste’, must deliver the best the total Dutch renewable energy heating a degree or two lower. Campaigns (residual) products in terms of reusability production. Twence, source of raw like the ‘Warm Sweater Day’ and the ‘Night and energy. The long-term idea also means materials from waste and the largest of the Night’’ address the awareness that our efforts are not only ‘technical’, renewable energy producer in Overijssel, and behaviour of people, as do financial but that we also do our best in the areas is responsible for half of the renewable incentives such as Diftar and subsidies for of cooperation and education. We thus energy production which the shareholders solar panels. use our knowledge to help achieve a want to achieve in 2020. circular economy. The United Nations set out seventeen By focusing on the usefulness of the sustainable development goals in In 2016, our efforts resulted in avoided output and not just the waste stream, and September 2015. These are the most natural gas consumption of 187 million m3 by considering the entire chain, we can important policy themes for the next and avoided CO2 emission of help find the balance between climate and fifteen years. Statistics Netherlands carried 344,000 tonnes. With a net profit of sustainability objectives on the one hand out an initial measurement of these goals, €12.1 million against a turnover of €108 and returns on the other. Our source, the to see where the Netherlands stands in million, 2016 was a good year in every raw material ‘waste’, must deliver the best meeting these goals compared with respect. (residual) products in terms of reusability 27 other European Union countries. and energy, whether this involves organic This showed that the Netherlands is well waste from kitchens and gardens or non- on track for economic growth, for example, recyclable waste, manure or construction but still faces the necessary challenges in and demolition debris. climate protection and renewable energy. Over the past fifteen years, Twence’s Improving this performance requires gradual growth, using our own resources, substantial solutions in renewable energy resulted in a doubling of the net turnover supply and the recovery of raw materials. Dr. G. Marc Kapteijn (2001: €53 million – 2016: €108 million). There is an important role in this CEO Over the same period profit rose from endeavour for energy-from-waste €3.2 million to €12.1 million. companies like Twence. The production of renewable energy They make a substantial contribution to increased more than fivefold. In addition the preservation of raw materials in the ma- to direct employment (147 FTE in 2001, terials cycle and the production of energy 225 FTE in 2016), Twence offers from non-fossil sources. considerable indirect employment, especially in the regional manufacturing, transport and knowledge industries.

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 1 – Positive energy 5 Composting (1994) Supply of Electricity (1997) Supply of Steam (2011) Anaerobic Digestion (2011)

Landfill Hill (1986) Wet Anaerobic Digester (2014)

Biomass Power Line 3 Energy from Waste Plant (2009) Line 1 and 2 Energy from Waste Plant (1997) Plant (2008)

Anaerobic Digestion (2011)

Bottom Ash Reprocessing (2014)

CO2 Recycling (2014)

Materials Recycling Facility (2002)

6 Section 1– Hoofdtitel Twence in brief

Achieving more together with smart solutions for social issues. That is the basic idea on We draw the waste that serves as our raw which Twence was established by the municipalities in Twente. From a common vision, material and fuel from our own region, the organisation has developed since the 1980s into a figurehead and key player in the from other parts of the Netherlands, field of the circular economy in the Eastern Netherlands. The responsible processing of from Germany and increasingly from the waste was originally the most important reason for cooperation. Now the preservation of United Kingdom. raw materials in the materials cycle and the production of energy from non-fossil sources are the key aspects. Twence is a healthy organisation with committed, highly educated employees Twence contributes substantially to the Using innovative technology we put a and extremely well maintained high- reduction of the consumption of fossil maximum of reusable materials and raw tech installations. We work towards fuels and to the prevention of carbon materials back into the cycle. We are lasting relationships with customers, dioxide (CO2) emissions. constantly improving our processes in government authorities, social We invest successfully in the production order to make the best possible use of organisations and a range of cooperating of energy from renewable resources: the waste: our ‘raw material’. This translates partners. The company is a significant Our mission energy of the future. into increasingly improved use of our employer that contributes to the Twence stands for the high-quality use At the same time we generate energy with sources. economy of the Twente region. of waste, residual streams and biomass extremely high efficiency from waste and as a source of reusable raw materials. biomass which have been stripped of all A balanced use of all materials introduced We make these streams suitable for that the reusable material through separation into the cycle is essential to prevent purpose and bring raw materials back into at the source, subsequent separation exhaustion of natural raw materials and the chain. or pre-separation in our own plants. The fuels. Twence does this by considering steam, heat and electricity this delivers not only the waste stream but the entire In addition, Twence also generates energy make our environment greener. In 2016, chain, by continually exploring the latest from renewable resources. We use mixed the energy from Twence resulted in insights and working with state-of-the-art (municipal) waste to generate energy as avoided natural gas consumption of technology. long as that remains the most efficient 187 million m3, which is responsible for form of use. avoided CO2 emissions of 344,000 tonnes. We are passionate and innovative in our work, and work in a customer-oriented Twence supplies: and economically sound way. We link - Electricity (to the public grid) social purpose with entrepreneurship - Heat (for district heating) and work with respect for people and - Steam (for neighbouring industry) the environment, while helping to make - Renewable raw materials and component streams (metals and other materials) our society more sustainable, and in - Bottom ashes (ICM and freely applicable, for road construction among other things) particular work on the sustainability - Compost goals of our shareholders. - Sodium bicarbonate (for our own plants)

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 2 – Twence in brief 7 Jorien Hanning

HR advisor, Twence and ‘people person’

8 SectionHoofdstuk 1– Hoofdtitel 4 – Planet Jorien’s most beautiful place in Twente

Being born and raised in Oldenzaal, I often come to this place

on top of the Tankenberg hill. You get different views here in all

seasons and weather conditions, and there is always a view to

enjoy. It is one of the places I always stop on “I love the feeling my jogging rounds in the rural area. Oldenzaal of being free and is surrounded by a lot of nature you can get to moving outside, fast. You have the Hulsbeek, the Wilmersberg but I enjoy the city and the Tankenberg. itself just as much.”

I love the feeling of being free and moving outside, but I enjoy

the city itself just as much. It is a very pleasant and cheerful

place. I like being with people, so whenever the weather allows,

you can often find me at an outdoor café enjoying a bite and a

drink and good company.

Twence – Public Annual Report SectionHoofdstuk 1 – Hoofdtitel 5 – Profit 9 People Our stakeholders

Activities of a magnitude and impact such as those of Twence require broad support, both Twence shareholders in our immediate surroundings and at the political and administrative level. As at 31 December 2016, Twence’s share- Due to the confidence our customers, regulatory authorities and neighbours have in holders were as follows: Regio Twente, us, we have the ability to evolve. Through good contacts in the sector with knowledge Vuilverwerkingsbedrijf Noord-Groningen institutes and suppliers together we conceive of the best possible solutions to the SHAREHOLDERS and the municipalities Almelo, Berkel- challenges we encounter in our path. land, Borne, Dinkelland, Enschede, And naturally, we require the confidence of our supervisory board members and Haaksbergen, Hellendoorn, Hengelo, employees to consolidate all of our knowledge and expertise and to develop ourselves, Hof van Twente, Losser, Oldenzaal, so that we can contribute as best as possible to the regional ambitions related to the Rijssen-Holten, Tubbergen, Twenterand recovery of raw materials and the generation of renewable energy from non-fossil sources. BOARD OF SUPERVISORS and Wierden. Vuilverwerkingsbedrijf Noord-Groningen is a joint venture between the municipalities of De Marne, Value for our shareholders Eemsmond, Loppersum and Winsum. Twence is a key party for its shareholders In accordance with the Articles of In 2016, the German city of Münster in terms of achieving their sustainability Association, the shareholders of Twence INTERNAL EXTERNAL indicated that it would like to accede as goals, which are based on national and are exclusively government authorities. STAKEHOLDERS STAKEHOLDERS a shareholder of Twence. The current international agreements. They set the rates themselves for the shareholders are considering this. processing of the waste of their citizens. A decision on this is expected in the Shareholders can exert influence on the The long-term certainty provided by the course of 2017. company’s strategic development. This way shareholdership for the sustainable they can exert influence on the link with processing of waste contributes to the management board customers suppliers the circular economy and the pace of stable and predictable development of sustainability, and consequently the municipal waste levies. Due to a balanced realisation of their own objectives. rate and dividend policy, the dividend each year is a reliable source of income for employers sector local residents Each year, shareholders receive a summary municipal budgeting purposes. interest groups of the savings in the consumption of fossil

fuels and the corresponding CO2 emission Twence can transfer back the renewable reduction, which are realised with the energy and raw materials recovered from non-recyclable waste and organic waste the waste to shareholders, which can branche banks and insurance companies from kitchens and gardens supplied by the consequently make their own energy shareholder. The summary also shows the consumption and construction projects volume of raw materials which Twence sustainable. recovered from the waste and reintroduced into the cycle. regulatory knowledge authorities institutes

10 Section 3 – People Customers

Twence attaches value to good relationships, open cooperation and appropriate services. We offer specific solutions for our energy and raw materials buyers and for our customers for services in waste processing. These solutions are indeed genuinely sustainable, thanks to increasing cooperation in the chain and from the perspective of our social responsibility.

Customers for energy Because we have a variety of plants that generate energy, we are a reliable partner for our buyers of electricity, heat and steam. Since 2011, our ‘neighbour’ AkzoNobel in Hengelo has been using steam from Twence to produce salt for concentrating brine. Erik Stroink of Ennatuurlijk and Marc Kapteijn of Twence lay down the expansion Furthermore, since 2011 we have of heat supply from Twence. been supplying heat to Ennatuurlijk’s heating network in Enschede. At the end of 2016, Ennatuurlijk and This resulted in agreements with parties Ennatuurlijk provides approximately Twence signed an agreement for the such as the bulk consumers Grolsch and 5,500 homes and 200 companies in supply of more sustainable heat so that Apollo Vredestein in Enschede for feasi- Enschede with heat from non-fossil existing activities could be expanded. bility studies into the construction of an sources. In 2016, this district heating In due course, sustainable heat can be industrial steam network. network earned second place in the supplied to an extra 20,000 households The declaration of intent was signed at sustainability top 3 of district heating and businesses. the start of 2017. networks in the Netherlands, partly thanks to the heat from Twence. Due to the conversion of the biomass The score is calculated on the basis of the power plant so that it can supply heat equivalent generation efficiency (supplied as well as electricity, we already made heat versus use of fossil fuels). contact with various possible buyers of green heat in the past years.

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 3 – People 11 Sale of raw materials International market We are recovering an increasing amount of These pavers are destined for the parking Because the waste market is internatio- reusable materials and raw materials from area with the new building of a nalising and sustainability does not stop the waste supplied to us for processing. climate-neutral car dealership in at the national borders, we also serve A considerable portion consists of bottom Hengelo. A contract was also concluded to customers from surrounding countries like ash, which is used in various construction supply freely usable bottom ashes for the Germany and the United Kingdom. projects. construction of a rail viaduct elsewhere in Twente in 2017. Twence processes refuse derived fuel (RDF) In 2016, in cooperation with regional from the United Kingdom and Germany. parties, the first infrastructural projects in Steel mills and intermediate suppliers buy RDF is a fuel which is designated as non- Twente using our bottom ashes as freely recovered metals from us. Component recyclable waste. The material contributes usable construction material were set in streams from our materials recycling to our ability to operate our energy motion. In conjunction with Morssinkhof facility (MRF) go to processing companies from waste plants at full capacity and Beton and Van Gansewinkel Minerals, in the Netherlands and abroad. consequently to the security of our supply concrete pavers are made in which proces- of heat and electricity. The raw materials sed bottom ashes serve as aggregate. Customers for waste processing recovered in presorting the material stay Our customers are looking for tailored in the United Kingdom and Germany for solutions, flexibility and accessibility at further processing and reuse. Environmental balance The positive environmental balance competitive rates. For our customers, it Calculations by the research firm CE Delft is partly due to the fact that Twence is a plus point that our high-tech systems The United Kingdom is currently working have shown that the environmental has an energy from waste plant with an allow us to choose for the processing on establishing sustainable domestic balance involved in transporting the waste extremely high level of energy method with the highest possible waste processing options. Until such from the United Kingdom and then having efficiency. Independent British research environmental gains. Furthermore, time that there is adequate recycling it converted into electricity and heat by the British firm Eunomia (WRAP Twence is easily accessible by road and capacity, non-recyclable RDF will be by Twence is positive in comparison to research) confirms CE’s conclusions. This over water in this respect. We are working processed thermally in European energy dumping it in landfills in the United research also assessed the alternative of on accessibility and ease of handling with from waste plants with a high level of Kingdom. That country has insufficient burning it in the United Kingdom. new logistical concepts. energy efficiency (R1 status), such as processing and incineration capacity and is In that case too, thermal processing in a Twence. still dumping a lot of waste in landfill. European high efficiency plant is a better Twence has been working happily and option for the environment. constructively with regional and Dutch In this respect, CE assumes that the waste customers for years. This ‘home front’ from the United Kingdom is packed in foil Since 2014 we have also been transporting provides the basis we need for our and transported by truck to the Twence the RDF by (inland waterway) ship and development, both in the market and energy from waste plant. All relevant in sea containers. This results in an even technologically. Twence does not operate environmental effects were evaluated, better positive CO2 balance in favour of as ‘waste collector’ itself, thus giving including CO2 avoidance, lower use of fossil the processing at Twence. our customers maximum freedom to fuels, emissions of acidic chemicals and determine their own method of waste particulates. collection.

12 Section 3 – People Partnering

Partnering is the key to sustainable development. By linking our own knowledge and expertise to that of other companies, governments and knowledge institutes, we are able to turn opportuni- ties into successes. This results in gains on all fronts. The projects that we are working on with our various partners are detailed elsewhere in this report.

We work together with public and private parties on technical issues and the development of new techniques. For the processing of manure, our part- ners are for example regional knowledge institutes and organisations, such as the We cooperate with various parties to arouse the interest of young people in technical studies. Northern Netherlands Agricultural and Horticultural Organisation (LTO Noord), We work together with the regional waste Apollo Vredestein and Grolsch, we the Agro Innovation Network, Cogas and collector Twente Milieu on activities are investigating the possibilities of ForFarmers. related to the Landelijke Compostdag renewable power supply. (National Compost Day). We participate in the national Nutrient We are working on new logistics concepts Platform. This platform links parties In the Dutch Waste Management together with transportation companies. whose aim is to preserve valuable mineral Association (VA) we exchange knowledge In cooperation with knowledge institutes raw materials, from manure among other so that we can raise the level of our work such as the University of Twente, sources. We joined the Waste2Aromatics together, for instance in the area of the Saxion University of Applied Sciences and development project, managed by TNO, in Bottom Ash Green Deal. The development Fachhochschule Münster we are working order to contribute to the development of of freely usable construction materials on several areas. biochemicals and aromatics. Through the from bottom ashes is gathering pace international Volatile project we contribu- in cooperation with various parties, Together with other companies in the te to research into the production of fatty including local parties TRM and process industry in the Twente region, we acids from sources such as organic waste Morssinkhof Beton. also stimulate the participation of young from kitchens and gardens. Together with people in process technology-related Comgoed we are working to promote the Together with municipalities, the studies, so that in the future we will use of secondary raw materials across Province, housing associations, power continue to be able to hire young talent. national boundaries. companies and businesses like

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 3 – People 13 Leiding en toezicht

Management Board Board of Supervisors Works Council

Dr. G. Marc Kapteijn Richard G.H. te Riet fc Prof. dr. F. Eising Ir. J.A. Casteleijn Erik Hemmer Igor Haitjema CEO CFO Chairman Vice-chairman Chairman Secretary

Management Board Twence has a single director under Ir. Annemie B.E. Mattheeuws Mr. Paul W.L. Horsthuis J.B. Kroeze T.R. Doesburg Luc Boer Peter Koel the articles of association, Director Operations Company Secretary Secretary Mr G. Marc Kapteijn.

Board of supervisors The Board of Supervisors supervises and advises the Director on the policy and the general affairs of the company. In doing Drs. W.M. van Ingen Bert Arends Ton Baan so, the Board of Supervisors acts in the interest of the company, with the aim of ensuring its continuity. For important decisions taken by the Director, approval by the Board of Supervisors is required. In accordance with the company’s articles of association, the Board of Supervisors Enrico Busi Henk Mulder of Twence Holding B.V. comprises five members.

Works Council In 2016, the Works Council consisted of nine members and an official secretary, bringing the council up to full strength. Judith Sterk Ellen Meijerink Official Secretary

14 Section 3 – People People and Organisation

Good pay and employee packages are We modified our principal structure at the Absence due to illness a matter of course to us. We make the beginning of 2015 and in the course of The level of employee absence due to Sustainable employability most of employees’ power and passion. that year the office departments were illness (excluding pregnancy leave) in 2016 The objective of our policy of sustainable They are given a high degree of personal also scrutinised. In 2016 we tightened the declined further in comparison to 2015, employability is to enable all Twence responsibility, space for initiative and operational part of the organisation, down to 3.1 percent. We have set out case employees to work in good health and for contributing their own knowledge by seriously assessing – together with management for absence more clearly. with enjoyment, with sufficient room for and experience. We give high priority to our employees – how future-proof our sharing and developing knowledge and ‘ownership’. processes are and examining whether the experience. A good work-life balance is right people can put their talents to use at viewed as a prerequisite in this respect. Organisational development the right place. Parallel to this we took up The employer and employee are jointly Twence has implemented various organi- various initiatives so that we can achieve responsible for this. We implemented this sational changes in recent years in order a culture in which we work passionately, in 2016 by offering various activities and to fulfil our strategy and to be able to decisively and reliably and continually workshops on the themes of vitality and respond more decisively to market trends. examine how we can improve further. health, among other things. We also drew A two-year leadership programme was up a policy of ‘flexible working’. also started for all managers. In 2016, in the framework of ‘every employee controls their own career’, Staffing figures we stimulated employees across the UNIT 2016 2015 entire organisation to draw up their own Personal Development Plan (PDP). Number of employees* FTEs 224,8 228,7 Twence believes it is important for employees themselves to think seriously Of which part-time employees number 39 40 about their wishes and ambitions. At the Interns/students on work placement number 20 26 end of the year, more than 95 percent of the Twence staff had drawn up their own Outflow of employees (full-year figure) FTEs 21,1 6,8 PDP. Interns/students on work placement FTEs 10,7 11,3

Job openings number 9 3

Average age years 45,8 45,1

Absence due to illness % 3,1 4,2

* This is an average, excluding interns but including management trainees (2016: 2, in 2015: 6)

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 3 – People 15 Relationship with our Surroundings Corporate Social Responsibility Interest groups Twence holds regular consultations with that grows and flourishes as well as how we We focus on sustainable enterprise as interest groups, such as the Twekkelo can improve that. If construction projects a means of contributing to a socially Conservation Association and Nature And affect the living environment, we will more responsible society. We believe it is Environment Enschede, Hengelo provide for meaningful alternatives for only natural to offer work to people at a and Overijssel, on themes concerning our flora and fauna. We are FSC-certified for the disadvantage in the job market, interest activities, plans and our integration into responsible and sustainable management young people in technical studies and our surroundings. In addition, we also of the forests present on our sites. make efforts to integrate well into our meet our ‘neighbours’ in the Boeldershoek surroundings. and the Elhorst-Vloedbelt sounding board Good neighbour groups. For topical issues we have contact Social commitment can also be found in Participation Act with the Zenderen Village Council and the the small things which contribute locally. The aim of the Dutch Participation Act is Elhorst-Vloedbelt Conservation Founda- The Zenderen carnival society, for example, is to help as many people as possible with or tion. In 2016, because of our plans for the allowed to enter our site at Elhorst-Vloedbelt without occupational limitations to enter former landfill site ’t Rikkerink in Hof van to set up the carnival parade. We make employment. Twente, we established a sounding board land available for the Natural Farmers’ Twence sites are retention areas group with local residents there as well. Foundation and the Flax Foundation. The In 2016, we drew up a list within In 2012 and 2013, two streams on our ArtTwekkelo artists’ collective has the use the framework of this Act, aided by a property running along a 5-kilometre Social and sectoral organisations of one of our farms, while the Surplus ‘broker’, of the activities which are course, were relocated through the Twence participates on the boards of a wide Foundation has a workspace for a reintegra- suitable for people who are employed waterscape sooner than planned. range of social and sectoral organisations, tion organisation. The Twente Police Dog with the support of the Participation The Twekkelerbeek and the Strootbeek including BIT (Twentekanaal Business Park Association and the Almelo Fire Brigade train Act. These activities are performed by our streams, that together ensure the interest group), BEON (Bioenergy Cluster on our sites and in our buildings. Together current employees themselves and can removal of water from an area of around Eastern Netherlands), VA (Dutch Waste with the Dutch Butterfly Conservation we be taken over relatively easily by people 160 hectares, now once again meander. Management Association), NVRD make sure we have butterfly and bee-friendly with an occupational limitation. One In addition, retention areas were (Netherlands Association for Refuse and plants on our sites and we provide space for possibility is fetching and bringing constructed on our site that provide for Cleansing), and nature and environment the beehives of a local beekeepers’ associa- materials for activities in the plants: a water storage area of approximately and educational organisations. tion. We are working on increased biodiversity currently the engineers and technicians 80,000 m3. The landscape was also together with holders of hunting rights, have to collect and return materials and further reinforced, for example through Integrating Twence into its surroundings game tenants, birdwatcher workgroups and tools themselves, which means their the planting of new lanes and fruit trees Protecting the living environment goes the Probos Foundation. Our sites are visited actual expertise is not being put to proper and the creation of frog ponds. hand-in-hand with developing our company. regularly by a falconer who trains with his use. By having someone with a ‘limitation’ Many parties worked together on this That is why we have been making efforts robotic bird regularly there, and agricultural perform this work, we can create a project. Together we achieved something for years to ensure that we are effectively training centres give courses on our sites. participation job. beautiful, which could not have happened integrated into the landscape and for without that cooperation. nature conservation. Through flora and This list is not exhaustive. We want to In 2017 we will decide on the follow-up fauna surveys, also across the borders of be good neighbours and are open to measures. our own site, we have identified everything opportunities to realise this.

16 Section 3 – People urplu ar in lortloebelt Proect or te ecnaiu at te lancape aintenance onoeer ollee in ncee ncorporator ponorip rainin centre ecnolo ueu Proce tecnolo olar ea an olar oat ecnolo ollee

R P R Acenin People an PP AR A irin o Aelein A A at orar trainee intern A AAA acilitie or A AR tuent on or placeent AR AR

Participation Act inentor

oo neibour ounin boar roup at our location Excursions Excursions are a drawcard for us. They have great educational value. Our excursion curion guests are impressed time and again by the fact that waste turns out to be a source of energy and raw materials. Young and old are AR AA A A amazed at how clean the processes are and RAA at the technology which Twence uses. Many indicate that they feel inspired to handle waste in smarter ways. ponorip e liner ational ree a In 2016, we hosted almost 2,000 excursion ancap eriel ancape interation guests, most of whom were schoolchildren Retention area and students. In addition, we had an atural arin eelo oneration Aociation opportunity to show visitors from China, Arteelo eneren illae ouncil Indonesia, Greece, Suriname and Aruba how lortloebelt oneration ounation ature nironent enelo ncee eriel waste in Western Europe is used as a raw material.

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 3 – People 17 Health and Safety

Working safely has the highest priority: Every year, Twence presents a prize to everyone who works at Twence deserves the contractor with the best safety to go home safely every evening, now and behaviour during the maintenance stops. in the future. Plant safety must In 2016 this prize was won by the German also be guaranteed. Twence employs its company IBS (Industriereinigung und own safety experts and occupational Bolzenschweißtechnik Service GmbH), hygienists who advise the line which is involved in the inspection and organisation and facilitate in safety cleaning of the systems in the power issues. In addition, a team of occupational plants at Twence. health and safety ambassadors is involved in improving safety, and we employ extra supervisors during Accident figures maintenance stops. TWENCE EMPLOYEES THIRD PARTIES

Contractors and safety Accidents without absence 14 6 Twence solely works with SCC-certified Accidents with absence 1 3 contractors (Safety, Health and Environment Checklist for Contractors). The operational employees in our plants The number of accidents in recent years has stayed virtually constant. Our aim continues to be zero have SCC training. Work risks are accidents. identified on the basis of mandatory risk Against every accident we aim to have at least five reports of undesirable situations. The underlying inventories. Work permits contain the thought is that the reporting of situations that could have resulted in an accident helps us take potential risks and corresponding preventive measures. We achieved this objective amply in 2016. measures. Furthermore, personnel We use the Injury Frequency Index for comparison purposes, also within our own sector; this index from outside companies may only start indicates the number of accidents with absence per million hours worked. At a score of 6.3 in 2016, working after watching a safety film, and Twence scored average in its sector. successfully completing a test. This test must be taken every year.

18 Section 3 – People Improvements Health Our ambition remains: zero accidents. The extensive Regular Medical Check-up To be able to prevent accidents, we need (Periodiek Medisch Onderzoek - PMO), to have a good picture of the risks. That is offered to all employees in 2016, will be why we actively stimulate our own people followed by ‘health checks’ in the coming and employees of third parties to report three years, until the next ‘big’ check-up. undesirable situations and near misses. Our programme for Sustainable An understanding and careful analysis of Employability (see the ‘People and undesirable situations, situations that Organisation’ section) is based partly could result in accidents, and of accidents on the results of these check-ups. help us take preventive measures. Many of these measures focus on awareness-raising.

The safety experts at Twence are already involved in projects at the design phase. This early involvement and the ensuing plans and policy contribute to better accident prevention. The safety experts are also responsible for inspections of safe behaviour during the implementation of projects, but also in general. Safety inspection rounds, reports, speed checks on the grounds and also alcohol checks at the gate contribute Language proficiency requirement to a safe working environment. Ongoing internationalisation has led to an increasing number of foreign drivers at Sanctions are imposed if necessary. Twence, but also contractors from southern or eastern Europe, for example. Because safety starts with good communication, we require that they have a command of the Dutch, English or German language at level A2 of the European Language Framework.

Our weighbridge workers play an important part in screening drivers whose language skills need to be tested. Individuals who come to work at Twence are tested when we issue work permits. For groups of foreign workers, we require their foreman to have a command of their language as well as one of the above languages at A2 level.

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 3 – People 19 Gerco Linthorst

director of CTT, Hengelo and networker

20 Hoofdstuk 5 – Profit Gerco’s most beautiful place in Twente

For me this spot, with a view of all that hustle and bustle in the

port of Hengelo, is magnificent. There is always something to see

here. When the economy is doing well, it is obvious here straight

away. When the region is doing well, you see it “Freight transport here on the water and along the quays. by ship is better for the Freight transport by ship is better for the environment than environment than road transport. More and road transport.” more companies are investigating smart logistic

concepts.

They want to make sustainable decisions, also for their transport.

Twence receives waste from the west of the Netherlands and from

England via this terminal. That gives the region energy!

Shiploads of bottom ashes also leave from here, destined for

building projects. Part of the foundations of this port were also

made with bottom ashes.

Twence – Public Annual Report 21 Planet

Twence has the knowledge and experience, the space and the means to work on a considerable scale on increasing the sustainability of the region. In recent years, we invested significantly in recovering even more raw materials from waste, even more renewable energy from renewable sources and in maximising the use of our plants. We will continue this trend over the coming years. Recovery of (Raw) Materials

Using new technologies, we are recovering This high-quality recovery of metals from The process is a form of after-the-fact Synergy increasingly more valuable materials and bottom ashes puts us among the world’s separation and contributes to the recycling All of our plants supply input to each (secondary) raw materials from waste, so best in this field. objectives of our shareholders. other. The heat of one is used as input that they can continually be reused. It is for the process of the other. The residual generally known that properly separated streams of one serve as fuel or raw waste offers many opportunities for reuse. material for the other. Due to this synergy The material left after energy generation Recovery of metals from bottom ashes we can put the incoming material to from non-recyclable refuse derived fuel maximum use. also offers excellent possibilities for 100% high-quality reuse. 90% 80% Increased recovery of metals 70% from bottom ashes 60% Following incineration for energy 50% generation, approximately a quarter of all 40% waste remains as bottom ashes. At Twence 30% SEPARATION EFFICIENCY SEPARATION this amounts to around 150,000 tonnes 20% per year. For every 100 kg waste used for 10% energy generation, around 25 kg bottom 0 ash remains. It consists of sandy and stony 2014 2015 2016 material, glass, metals and ash residue from incinerated products. Separation efficiency ferrous Separation efficiency non-ferrous

By processing this material in our The objective of the expansion of the bottom ash reprocessing plant in mid-2014 was to recover more of advanced bottom ash reprocessing plant, the finer non-ferrous metals. This effect is visible in the higher recovery rate of non-ferrous metals from we can return more than 90 percent of 2015 onwards. Due to better separation at source, we are seeing a decline in the concentration of scrap the ferrous metals to the cycle as well iron and non-ferrous metals in waste and therefore in bottom ashes. At the same time, the improved as almost 85 percent of the non-ferrous recovery process ensures that recovered quantities of non-ferrous metals are increasing in absolute metal granules larger than 2 mm, such as numbers. aluminium, zinc and copper.

22 Section 4 – Planet Bottom ash as freely usable construction material APEAL In 2016 we took an important step in In June 2016 we welcomed a delegation our development as producer of raw of the European sector organisation for materials. We have made great strides steel for packaging, APEAL. The members forwards in putting residual materials to of the delegation, from Paris, Brussels and good use, through improving the quality Düsseldorf, wanted to gain an impression of the processing of the bottom ashes; of the state of art of the recovery of we now see possibilities for ‘producing metals following energy generation from freely usable construction material’. waste. Tata Steel recommended they visit In 2016, we made preparations for Twence. using bottom ashes as valuable freely Tata Steel had informed the delegation usable construction material for the that the metal recovery from bottom construction of a rail viaduct in the region ashes here could be considered as ‘best and for use in concrete pavers.. practice’. The delegation obtained a good picture of how the recovery contributes to the recycling goals of the sector. The delegation members said they were impressed by the way Twence is investigating the possibility of increasing the recovery percentages, partly by using the semi-dry slag removal technology. Bottom ashes are used as fill for pavers. By adding a ‘semi-dry slag remover’ to our energy from waste plant, we can ensure that the raw bottom ashes are drier when they enter the bottom ash reprocessing plant, which has a positive effect on the recovery of metals.

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 4 – Planet 23 2016 separation of commercial and industrial waste and oversized municipal solid waste Demolition waste: road construction Demolition wood and B-quality waste wood: production of green electricity Optimisation of composting and digesting Sand: construction material In 2016 we investigated the possibilities Plastics, paper and cardboard: reprocessing and reuse of optimising the bioconversion process Commercial and industrial waste, construction Materials Recycling High-calorific portion: raw material for alternative fuels by drying the digestate from the and demolition debris and oversized Facility (MRF) Ferrous (iron): reuse anaerobic digestion plant. Currently this municipal solid waste = 59.000 ton Non-ferrous (copper, brass, aluminium and lead): reuse material is still processed in a damp form in our composting tunnels. Because of = 50.000 tonnes its compactness and humidity level, the digestate is a disruptive factor in the Twence’s Materials Recycling Facility Recovery of materials composting process. sorts commercial and industrial waste, through means of bioconversion construction and demolition debris, and Our bio-digesters together with our We expect the installation of a dryer oversized municipal solid waste into composting facility form a complete to improve the bioconversion process reusable component streams and raw system for bioconversion. With the aid of considerably, and that this will translate materials. biological processes, we convert organic into greater throughput, better products waste streams here into new products, and more energy yield. We optimised the sorting result in 2016 by such as biofuel for our biomass power plant installing an infrared scanner in the process. and compost. The quality compost is sold To dry the organic waste digestate in a as a soil enhancer to the agricultural and dryer with a capacity of 55,000 tonnes, The scanner ensures that we can achieve horticultural sectors, and as a replacement we use energy from the biomass power better returns from the removal of wood for peat to the potting soil industry. plant, which will also supply heat from with less manual sorting work and at a 2018 onwards after renovations. This lower cost. The wood we remove from the The ‘Energy from Renewable Resources’ involves around 3.5 MWTh in a non-stop waste this way is used in the biomass power section of this report contains additional process. To get this energy to the right plant to generate green electricity. information about energy generation place, we are laying steam and heat The scanner can also be set to identify other through means of bioconversion. pipelines. If everything goes according to components. plan, the dryer will be built in the second half of 2018.

24 Section 4 – Planet Twence 2016 Environmental Performance

Input Output Avoided

Secondary raw materials Ferrous: 14.000 tonnes Non-ferrous (pure): 4.000 tonnes Bottom ashes: 155.000 tonnes Non-recyclable RDF CO (a) = 637.000 tonnes 2 344.000 tonnes

Energy Separable waste Steam / Heat: 603 GWh, = 59.000 tonnes of which 331 GWh sustainable (sufficient for 49,000 households)

Electricity: 487 GWh, of which 346 GWh sustainable (sufficient for 164,000 households) Natural gas (b) Biomass for composting and anaerobic 3 digestion = 148.000 tonnes 187 million m

Compost 41.000 tonnes

Biomass for thermal processing (a) The substitution method is used to convert Twence’s net energy production into the avoidance of CO2 emissions.

= 185.000 tonnes This includes a review of the average CO2 emissions released during the production of electricity and heat consumed in the Netherlands. (b) The calculation of the avoided natural gas consumption is based on a return of 50% for the conversion of = 50.000 tonnes natural gas to electricity and of 90% for the conversion of natural gas to heat.

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 4 – Planet 25 Energy and Raw Materials Projects

On 21 December we drove the first pile for the turbine building for the conversion of the biomass power plant.

Heat utilisation Our development plans revolve around We are going to modernise and convert The prospects of the greatly increased More heat for Twente raising the production of green energy this power plant so it can also supply heat. supply of heat from the biomass power plant By converting our biomass energy plant and further recovery of raw materials for The tendering process for the five sub- is stimulating many new initiatives that use we will triple the energy yield from this the circular economy, focusing on the projects within this extensive project was heat, both internally and externally. plant, effective from 2018. contribution to the biobased economy. started in 2016. The conversion of the plant started at the end of 2016: 21 December We are investigating the feasibility of

With virtually the same quantity of fuel BPP2.0 project was a festive day when we drove the first capturing CO2 on a large scale from the we will produce approximately 450 GWh Twence has had a biomass power plant pile for the turbine building. The plant will flue gases of our power plants, using the of sustainable heat and green electricity: (BPP) since 2007. The plant converts remain fully operational in 2017 during heat from the biomass power plant. There is equivalent to the renewable electricity non-recyclable waste wood and biomass to the conversion. The project is on schedule, a large demand for CO2 for various beneficial generated by 75 (2 MW) wind turbines. sustainable electricity. so that the plant will deliver heat from applications, such as in glasshouse the second quarter of 2018 and in doing horticulture. that, contribute significantly to increased sustainability.

26 Section 14– – Hoofdtitel Planet Capturing CO2 is a good form of increased Effective from 1 January 2017, at least half of In addition, the percentage of non-ferrous sustainability, because it contributes to the bottom ashes must no longer be used in metals, such as aluminium, recovered from the reduction of CO2 emissions. Over the ICM (Isolate, Control, Monitor) works the bottom ashes must rise to at least past years, Twence has gained a great deal but must be freely usable, because the 75 percent by 2017. Twence fulfils this last of knowledge on this subject, with a plant government wants to divest itself of the requirement amply. which captures CO2 from the flue gas inspection and aftercare required for these scrubber of one of our incineration lines. applications. The government intends to In order to fulfil the other aspects of the

We convert CO2 combined with soda into totally abolish ICM works by 2020. quality requirements, the bottom ash must sodium bicarbonate, which we use to purify be stripped of salts and metals which can the flue gases in the same cleaning system. In order to satisfy the stricter quality requi- flush out. This highly innovative and unique process rements, bottom ashes must be completely forms a small cycle of significant importance. clean (freely applicable) or must be of such There are also plans for using the heat to quality that they can be used in ‘structured make the processes of the Enschede compa- construction materials’, for example in the nies Apollo Vredestein (tyres) and Koninklijke concrete and cement industry. Grolsch (beer) greener. At the start of 2017 we signed a declaration of intent with these Twence gross energy production companies for a study into the feasibility of the construction of steam or heat pipelines. 1.600

Implementation of the 1.400 Bottom Ash Green Deal 1.200 At energy from waste plants, bottom ashes are by far the largest stream of residual 1.000 materials and have huge potential for the recovery of raw materials. 800 The Dutch energy from waste plants entered into a ‘Green Deal’ with the government in 600

2012 to improve the quality of bottom ashes. 400 ENERGY (GWH) ENERGY PRODUCTION

200 Municipalities in Twente want to produce 14 percent of the total consumed energy 0 in a sustainable way themselves by 2020. 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 This concerns 8.1 PJ. Twence can achieve Renewable Energy production Twence Total energy production, including manure half of this goal. Grey energy production Twence Total energy production, including manure and solar

Twence – Public Annual Report SectionSection 1 – Hoofdtitel 4 – Planet 27 Nutrient Ambition 2018 State Secretary Sharon Dijksma signed By adding a washing facility as an extra By converting excess manure fully into Since 2015 we have been participating in the Nutrient Ambition 2018 plan in process step after our bottom ash reproces- valuable and 100 percent useful reusable the follow-up to the Waste2Aromatics October 2016. This marks the next step sing plant, we can raise the mineral portion materials, we link up with the circular economy. development project managed by TNO. taken towards a mature market for from the bottom ashes to the level of freely Parties such as ForFarmers, Rabobank, A plant will be developed together with recycled nutrients. usable quality. This step is intended to be Friesland Campina and LTO-Noord are other waste management companies to operational before the end of 2019. supporting us and are happy with this use carbohydrates (sugars) recovered from Residual streams such as waste water, initiative. With this plan we are contributing waste streams as a raw material for the sewage sludge and manure offer huge We carried out a market consultation for to a sustainable solution to the manure production of aromatics. Aromatics are potential for the recovery of nutrients this purpose in 2016, to investigate which issue in the region and to the vitality of among the most important raw materials including phosphate, nitrogen and parties could assist us in this endeavour. the countryside in Twente. for the chemical industry. Today, aromatics potassium; raw materials that form This joint venture will gain more shape in are still being recovered from mineral oil. the basis of everything that grows the course of 2017. In 2016 we signed up a major part of the We are also active in the national Nutrient and flourishes. Besides developing the required streams. Subsidy applications Platform. This platform links parties in the recovery process, it is also important to Manure as valuable raw material have also been prepared, and a great deal industry, the wastewater chain, the waste develop the market. An obligation to process manure has been of attention has been paid to the planning sector and in research striving to retain in force for the Dutch livestock and poultry procedures and contact with stakeholders. valuable mineral raw materials from Companies, knowledge institutes, NGOs sectors since 1 January 2014. A portion of The last obstacles are expected to be manure and organic kitchen and garden and ministries came together in 2011 the mineral surplus in the manure must be addressed in 2017, after which construction waste, among other sources. in the Nutrient Platform. They want to extracted from the manure chain, so that will start. close the nutrient cycle by creating a the soil, and the surface water and ground- European market for recycled nutrients. water are not polluted any further. Bio-based economy Now 36 parties from the food industry, Technological innovations offer the agriculture, the water sector, the fertiliser Starting in 2018, Twence wants to process possibility of recovering increasingly sector and waste processing are involved. 250,000 tonnes of manure at the refined raw materials and energy from Elhorst-Vloedbelt site in Zenderen each organic materials such as organic Nutrient recycling is a priority in the year. Manure contains valuable nutrients kitchen and garden waste and manure. government-wide circular economy such as phosphate, a material that forms We participate actively in national and programme that the Dutch government the basis of everything that grows and European workgroups which focus on presented in 2016. The government plays flourishes. We are first going to digest the finding possibilities for recovering pure a role in laws and regulations and in manure to generate energy and then use and reusable materials from biomass and promoting the use of recycled nutrients separation techniques to recover export- manure and use them as a raw material in agriculture and horticulture, and in the quality phosphate fertiliser and a of the highest possible quality. Our own future in the food industry and chemical potassium fertiliser, among others, from knowledge in this area is growing. sector as well. The Netherlands leads the the residual material. The plant we are way in recycling nutrients from residual planning to build can process streams. approximately a quarter of the surplus manure in the region and convert the manure completely into reusable materials.

28 Section 14– – Hoofdtitel Planet Solar energy Sealing the top of ’t Rikkerink We want to seal the top surface of the old landfill site ’t Rikkerink to ensure that football fields 30SURFACE the groundwater contamination located electricity for beneath the landfill will no longer be fed 4000 by rainwater contaminated by waste. It HOUSEHOLDS is advisable for this contamination to disappear in the long term.

football fields 34SURFACE We are undertaking the remediation electricity for operation voluntarily. A permanent football fields 4500 8 SURFACE concrete-like covering layer will be electricity for HOUSEHOLDS installed on top of the old landfill lobs. 1000 This forms the start of the gradual HOUSEHOLDS remediation. At the same time, the strong layer will allow solar panels to be installed relatively easily in the future. For the covering layer we are using secondary construction materials which are made partly from immobilised bottom ashes. Development of Twence solar parks up to 2020 That is how we are working on a solution that is sustainable in all aspects. The work 2016 was a very important year for our Parallel to this we are developing the plans is expected to start at the end of 2017. development as producer of solar energy. for two parks outside our location: on the All the preparations for the first solar park, A35 at Boeldershoek-West (municipality of inside the fences of our own grounds, have Enschede) and at the former landfill site been completed. We expect to deliver the ’t Rikkerink in Hof van Twente. first energy from this ‘Tienbunderweg’ park to the public grid in the second quarter of If everything goes according to plan, the 2017. Once the entire park is finished, parks will jointly generate solar power for it will generate enough energy for a good almost 10,000 households in 2020. 1,000 households.

Twence – Public Annual Report SectionSection 1 – Hoofdtitel 4 – Planet 29 Energy from renewable resources

2016 Bioconversion

Electricity: 11,000 MWh (4,000 households) Biomass for composting and anaerobic Bioconversion Heat: 11,000 MWh digestion = 148.000 tonnes (1,000 households)

= 50.000 tonnes

The Netherlands faces the challenge of Energy generation through anaerobic Complete system for bioconversion making the economy and society virtually digestion

The portion of the organic waste CO2 neutral within thirty years. One of Our anaerobic digester for organic waste delivered to Twence that is best suited for the consequences is that we will have to from kitchens and gardens, wet digester this purpose is converted into biogas by change to energy from non-fossil sources and landfill gas extraction system supply bacteria in an anaerobic digestion reactor. such as biomass, solar and wind. gas to the biogas engines of the anaerobic We use the biogas to produce renewable digester plant with which we realise energy. Twence has been investing for years high efficiency. The ‘Recovery of (Raw) now in increasing the production of Materials’ section contains additional We mix the residue (digestate) of the renewable energy. This translates into information about the recovery of anaerobic digestion process with other a continuously rising yield. Twence has materials through bioconversion. organic waste and then compost it. chosen expressly to recover bioenergy The moisture evaporates and bacteria from organic waste material. Utilising landfill gas further break down the organic matter We are still able to extract energy into humus-like components. After We therefore do not make use of from the waste dumped by previous the composting process, we sieve the biomass which is cultivated specially generations. Thanks to the landfill gas compost and remove any contaminants. for this purpose and thus cannibalises extraction systems at the landfill sites This way Twence puts digestible organic agricultural land for the food chain. at the Boeldershoek (on the border of material to good use twice. Enschede-Hengelo), Elhorst-Vloedbelt (Zenderen) and ’t Rikkerink (Ambt- Coarse woody material that cannot be Delden), hundreds of homes are supplied used as compost serves as biofuel for the with electricity and heat. biomass power plant. Here the biofuel is converted into green electricity.

30 Section 4 – Planet 2016 Biomass Power Plant (BPP)

Electricity: 170,000 MWh Biomass for thermal processing (57,000 households) = 185.000 tonnes Biomass Power

= 50.000 tonnes Plant

When it was commissioned in 2008, this plant was the first step in our ambition Twence is by far the largest renewable to recover energy from renewable energy producer in the Province of sources. The conversion of this plant has Overijssel. commenced, with the goal of using the Nationally we are also one of the largest plant to supply sustainable heat as well. producers of renewable energy. For more information about this see page 26 in this Annual Report. In 2016, we generated enough electricity to cover the needs of more than 164,000 households. In addition, Twence produced heat and steam equivalent to the heat consumption of another 49,000 households.

This energy production prevented the emission of approximately 344,000

tonnes of CO2, because less fossil fuel was used. Converted into the consumption of natural gas, this represents a saving of 187 million m3 gas. For energy generation we make use of waste and biomass that cannot be rendered suitable for reuse in any other way. Storage of biomass (shredded non-recyclable waste wood) at our site.

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 4 – Planet 31 Optimal use and improvement of plants

Our closer attention to the optimisation of our existing systems is paying off. In 2016 we achieved a record throughput in the energy from waste plant. The availability rate of the energy from waste plant and the biomass power plant was extremely high: there were fewer unplanned stops and it was possible to make the planned stops shorter.

Shock pulse generators It is possible to clean the boiler walls of the incinerators in the energy from waste plant while they continue to run normally, through the use of shock pulse generators. In 2015, together with our German supplier Martin GmbH, we started a trial using this working method. This special boiler cleaning method Combustion trials provide many insights Combustion control system for the generates controlled explosions using To acquire more knowledge about various biomass power plant oxygen and methane. waste streams, we increasingly often In the third quarter of 2016, we put an The resulting shockwave blasts the inside conduct combustion trials with waste innovative SAR combustion control of the boiler clean. This ‘on-line’ cleaning that we process in a separate ‘isolated’ system into operation in the biomass method has many advantages above the batch. This enables us to gain information power plant. This combustion control ‘conventional’ explosion cleaning. Clean about the waste’s calorific value, its system is one of the improvements in boiler walls allow optimum retrieval of emissions and the quality of the bottom the larger BEC2.0 project (see page 26 of heat from the flue gases. ashes produced by processing certain this Annual Report). The control system waste streams. In 2016 this already guarantees a more even combustion In 2016, we installed a second set of resulted in better control of our ‘waste process, so that the steam production generators in another production line. portfolio’, improving the performance of is steady and stable. This allows us to The trial will be concluded in 2017. the plants even more. We will continue realise stable business operations, which the combustion trials in 2017. resulted immediately in 2016 in greater throughput and increased energy yield.

32 Section 4 – Planet Use of in-house CO2 One of the substances used to scrub flue That is why we built a ‘semi-dry slag The energy from waste sector is highly gases in Twence’s energy from waste plant remover’ as a trial system in one of the interested in this technology. Dutch is sodium bicarbonate. In recent years, lines of the energy from waste plant in energy from waste companies are all in collaboration with various parties, 2015. It functions extremely well. Various working on technologies designed to Twence has developed a system – seen as trials were conducted with materials recover more metals from bottom ashes. unique in the world – for capturing carbon from the modified incineration line in This is also in accordance with the dioxide (CO2) from the flue gas scrubbers the bottom ash reprocessing plant: the provisions of the Green Deal (see pages 22 of one of the incineration lines, and using machine park is recovering more metals and 23). it as raw material for producing sodium from the dryer ashes. bicarbonate. Virtually only regional companies were involved in the realisation of this project.

A great deal of international interest has arisen for the knowledge we acquired through this project. We are spreading this knowledge, for example at European industry congresses.

Trials with semi-dry slag remover Since the commissioning of the new bottom ash reprocessing plant in October 2014, Twence has the best facility in this domain. The results we are achieving with this plant could be even further improved if drier bottom ashes were supplied to the plant. This curtails the oxidation of metals in the plant, making them easier to recover.

CO2 capture system at Twence.

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 4 – Planet 33 Energy from non-recyclable waste

2016 Energy from Waste (EfW) Plant

Electricity: 307.000 MWh (103.000 households) The future of energy from waste plants Modern plants like those at Twence will process the huge quantities of Steam / Heat: 592.000 MWh mixed (municipal) waste which will Non-recyclable RDF (48.000 households) arise in Europe in the coming years = 637.000 tonnes EfW with the lowest possible burden on the Plant environment and the highest possible = 50.000 tonnes energy efficiency. This will prevent the dumping of useful, reusable waste We use non-recyclable combustible waste The energy from waste plant performed Supply of steam and heat streams. The region will benefit from the and RDF (from the United Kingdom and excellently in 2016, partly thanks to the Since 1 January 2011, Twence has supplied energy generated from the waste from Germany) to produce energy. Energy from removal of bottlenecks and the reduction heat and steam for households and which raw materials have been removed. these sources is non-fossil and helps cut of unplanned stopping hours. for industrial applications. Our heat The raw materials are brought back into back the consumption of fossil fuels, customers Ennatuurlijk (in 2014) and the cycle. helps reduce C02 emissions and thus helps The quantity of fuel we processed there AkzoNobel (in 2013) were able to mothball make the region greener. reached a record high, resulting in their own fossil-based energy supply The energy efficiency of the plants at excellent energy production. facilities as a result of the security of Twence is so high that the Dutch central supply we are able to offer on the basis of government has qualified the power plant our three production lines. as a facility for the ‘beneficial use’ of waste. This so-called R1 Status means that the facilities can readily be compared with the current generation of coal-fired electricity power plants as far as yield is concerned. The R1 values are based primarily on electricity and heat production, and on the calorific value of the waste. These values are recalculated each year.

34 Section 4 – Planet Heat supply to Ennatuurlijk district heating

The heat from our plants is used to heat approximately 5,500 households in Enschede and several hundred businesses and institutions, including the University of Twente and the FC Twente stadium.

Supplied to Avoided Ennatuurlijk 2016

CO2 = 42.700 tonnes Thermal = 189.000 MWh

= 100.000 MWh Natural gas= Supplying steam to AkzoNobel At its Hengelo site AkzoNobel produces 24 miljoen m3 salt by evaporating brine with the aid of Supplied to Avoided steam. The Twence energy from waste In 2016 we made agreements with Akzo Nobel 2016 plant produces steam to generate Ennatuurlijk on extending the existing electricity. activities. In the long term, 20,000 By drawing part of this steam from households will be supplied with Twence’s CO2 = Twence, AkzoNobel achieves substantial heat via the district heating network of 93.400 tonnes savings in fossil fuels and CO2 emissions Ennatuurlijk. From 2018 onwards, after the Steam = 414.000 MWh are cut. The steam is transported through conversion of our biomass power plant, this an insulated aboveground pipeline heat will be 100 percent green.

= 100.000 MWh Natural gas = installed in 2010. 52 million m3 Supply of electricity Twence satisfies a significant part of the We have been supplying electricity to the demand for steam at the salt operation in public grid since 1996 when the energy Hengelo. from waste plant was commissioned.

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 4 – Planet 35 Sight barrier We have determined the final form of the landfill on the east side of our site in close consultation with the local residents: location, height and angle of a sight barrier have now been set, so that our local residents – after the barrier has been built – will no longer be confronted with a changing picture.

The point of view derived from our landscape plan and the land use plan has always been ‘avoiding visual nuisance’; the barrier will remove the The Province is investigating whether it is possible to use drones in the area of activity of supervision and enforcement. Twence’s relatively large depot for temporary ‘industrial’ activities from the view of storage of raw materials is a good testing ground for this. We made our site available for a pilot trial in September. Monique van Haaf, a member of the Provincial the local residents in their beautiful rural Executive, came to have a look. surroundings. The barrier will have a core of bottom ashes and be covered with a Dumping Waste living layer and plants. Dumping waste in landfill was limited In addition, hazardous waste was Part of the landfill site is being used This helps us integrate our activities in 2016, but still necessary. Primarily dumped under more severely controlled for temporarily storing (bio) fuels and properly in the landscape, put packaged waste containing asbestos conditions.This primarily includes sludge bottom ashes, while they await a suitable bottom ashes to good use and fulfill a was dumped in landfills, as well as other from commercial water purification application. requirement under the visual quality non-recyclable waste. plants and soil originating from provisions in the land use plan. laboratories.

36 Section 4 – Planet Quality

Twence certifications as at 31 December 2016 Environmental complaints and CERTIFYING AUTHORITY exceptional incidents Reporting centre Overijssel received three ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System DEKRA Certification B.V. complaints about Twence in 2016. ISO 14001:2004 Environmental Management System Further investigation showed that the OHSAS 18001:2007 Occupational Health & Safety complaints were unfounded. Twence Management System itself received eight complaints from local residents. CSR Performance Ladder Level 3* DEKRA Certification B.V. The complaints were investigated, and KOMO Product certificate Kiwa N.V. two of them were valid. They concerned a EfW Plant Bottom Ash certification pursuant to complaint about dust nuisance resulting Assessment Guideline 2307 from transport movements in an extremely dry period, and odour nuisance resulting FPC Certificate for EfW Plant Bottom Ash from bringing waste back from a depot for (= certificate for factory internal production control temporary storage. in the context of the CE marking) Pursuant to the Dutch Environmental Quality Compost Assessment Guideline MPS-ECAS Management Act, we are required to report FCS Forest Management (Forest Stewardship Council) Unie van exceptional incidents with a potential Bosgroepen (Union of environmental impact to the Province. Forestry Groups) Most of the reports concerned short disruptions to the flue gas scrubbing * The CSR certificate was withdrawn as of 1 January 2017 at the request of Twence. Our social facilities of our energy from waste plant. commitment and intrinsic motivation to act in a responsible manner in relation to important On 18 September, two lines of the energy stakeholders is guaranteed sufficiently by our ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certification. from waste plant lost power as a result of These certifications require us to demonstrate understanding of the needs and expectations of an unintended side effect of an electrical stakeholders. We will thus continue to be tested on our stakeholder management. safety device. The effect on the flue emissions was limited, because the combustion air fan also stopped operating.

In the last week of the year, overheating in stored waste caused a fire at our landfill site at the Boeldershoek. The fire brigade was able to extinguish the fire quickly. Twence employees were involved in damping down the fire the next day.

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 4 – Planet 37 Compliance with environmental Compliance management legislation and regulations We received a letter from the Netherlands Compliance is the concept used to denote Various government inspection services Enterprise Agency (RVO) due to the that persons or organisations operate verify compliance with laws and discovery of unlawful felling of a tree in accordance with applicable laws and regulations at Twence. stand at our Elhorst-Vloedbelt location. regulations. The compliance management The Province of Overijssel is the The Dutch Forestry Act permit required system of Twence has been set up so that competent authority that supervises for this felling had expired. all legal and other requirements are well our compliance with the environment- As compensation, we therefore replanted organised and transparent. Thus not only related integrated environmental permit. trees on another plot. Twence, but also the competent authority In 2016, the Province conducted four has continual insight into the status of environmental audits at the Twence A combined heat and power (CHP) plant compliance. location at Boldershoekweg. on the Driemansweg in Almelo has No infringements were observed in these belonged to Twence since 2015. The Province of Overijssel applies an audits. The municipality of Almelo performed annual system audit to inspect the extent an environmental audit on this plant. to which our working method satisfies In addition to the Province of Overijssel, It was observed that the CHP plant the requirements of the Innovation of the Vechtstromen Water Board, the required inspection, that an emissions Supervision Agreement entered into Human Environment and Transport measurement needed to be performed by the Province and Twence in 2015 Inspectorate (ILT), the Netherlands Food and that organisational control measures and the requirements of the NEN-ISO and Consumer Product Safety Authority (incident management) had to be taken 19600 guideline. No infringements were (NVWA), the municipality of Enschede to ensure that any spilled liquids can be observed during the system audit in and the police gas measurement service cleaned up immediately. We performed 2016. Suggestions were made for the conducted audits at the Twence location these actions shortly afterwards. further improvement of the compliance at Boldershoekweg. None of these audits They will be evaluated by the municipality management. We will work out the observed any infringements of directives, of Almelo in the spring of 2017. actions in more detail in the coming time. or laws and regulations.

38 Section 4 – Planet Environmental Aspects

Air emissions Our Boeldershoek business location is used intensively. During the day there is a lot of freight traffic, and various machines are in use outside on the grounds. In the evenings and at night the processes in the plants simply continue.

One way we limit the effect of these activities on the surroundings and the environment is through technical measures such as sound-insulating enclosures around noisy machines and (dust) filters on silos and ventilation systems. Another way is through organisational measures such as daily inspections to ensure that all plants are functioning properly and a sweeping plan for the outside areas. Despite these Self-assessment efforts, odour or sound can sometimes compliance management pilot be observed in the immediate vicinity of Together with the Netherlands Twence during regular operation. Although Standardization Institute (NEN), In accordance with the agreements under Four cases of non-compliance situations this is not unusual on an industrial site, the Human Environment and Transport the charter, Twence itself proactively were reported in 2016. This concerned the we want to prevent nuisance for the Inspectorate (ILT), the Province of reports any deviations it discovers to the late dispatch of groundwater monitoring surroundings as much as possible. Overijssel and consultancy agency Province and states which repair reports, insufficient testing of an KWA, Twence is working on a pilot to and control measures will be taken. emergency generator, the processing of The integrated environmental permit develop a self-assessment methodology The Province monitors the progress of paper sludge in the biomass power plant which describes and assesses the for compliance management. The aim the intended measures. The compliance and the temporary outdoor storage of environmental effects of Twence will be of this methodology is to develop a management system thus functions on organic waste from kitchens and gardens updated in 2017. This is a so-called revision Netherlands Code of Practice (NPR) the basis of transparency, understanding due to excessive supply. Appropriate permit. Furthermore, in the framework which helps businesses themselves give and – deserved – trust. remedial measures were taken for all of internal care for the environment we a good picture and assess the degree these non-compliance situations. are using an Environmental Business to which compliance management and Plan which lays down the operational the standard elements from NEN-ISO objectives for 2016. These objectives relate 19600 have been implemented in their to our own economical use of energy and organisation. auxiliary materials.

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 4 – Planet 39 Twence energy from waste plant (EfW plant) lines 1, 2 and 3 air emissions 2016 Overview of emissions and comparison with Dutch daily standards (Activities Decree), and comparison with the additional average annual standards contained in the Environmental Management Act permit (verification after year-end 2016).

The average annual standards for new plants are based on emissions which are deemed feasible.

CONTINUOUS ENVIRONMENTAL RESULT TWENCE ENVIRONMENTAL RESULT RESULT RESULT MEASUREMENTS STANDARD STANDARD

General Requirement 2016 EfW Line-1/2 EfW Line-3 EfW Line-1 EfW Line-2 EfW Line-3

EfW LINES 1, 2 AND 3 Daily Maximum Limit Exceeded Annual Average Annual Average

Component mg/Nm3 Number of Days mg/Nm3 mg/Nm3 mg/Nm3 mg/Nm3 mg/Nm3

- dust 5 0 2(3) 2(3) 0,67 0,84 0,46

- hydrochloric acid 8 0 2(3) 8(3) 0,04 0,07 7,47

Twence discharges the scrubbed flue - sulphur dioxide 40 0 7(3) 15(3) 2,89 3,35 8,48 gases from the three incineration lines of - nitrogen oxides 180(1) 0 65(3) 65(3) 64,96 64,62 65,35 the energy from waste plant via a single flue. The biomass power plant has its own - carbon monoxide 30 2 20(3) 30(3) 10,01 10,40 11,91 flue. To test that the applicable emission - organic substances 10 2 5(3) 5(3) 0,48 0,35 0,34 limits are respected, the emissions of the four lines are measured separately. - ammonia 5(2) 0 n/a n/a 2,31 1,99 0,92 The results are reported each year in the Pollution Release and Transfer CONTINUOUS ENVIRONMENTAL RESULT TWENCE ENVIRONMENTAL RESULT RESULT RESULT Register (PRTR Report). This obligation is MEASUREMENTS STANDARD STANDARD mandated by the European rules. General Requirement 2016 Twence EfW Line-1 EfW Line-2 EfW Line-3 The results can be viewed at www.emissieregistratie.nl. EfW LINES 1, 2 AND 3 Max./Measurement Limit Exceeded Annual Average Annual Average Compared to previous years, the flue Component mg/Nm3 Max./Measurement mg/Nm3 mg/Nm3 mg/Nm3 mg/Nm3 emissions from the energy from waste plant and the biomass power plant - mercury 0,05 0 0,005(3) 0,0028 0,0023 0,0023 remained at the same good level in 2016. - cadmium and thallium 0,05 0 0,01(3) 0,0007 0,0007 0,0007

- total of other metals 0,5 0 0,05(3) 0,0159 0,0123 0,0099 (1) In addition to the daily value, a monthly value (3) of 70 mg/Nm3 also applies. - hydrogen fluoride 1 0 0,2 0,0500 0,0500 0,2283 (2) Supplementary limit value on Activities Decree - dioxins/furans (x10-6) 0,1 0 0,02(3) 0,0041 0,0046 0,0042 (3) Supplementary target value to Activities Decree

40 Appendix – Planet Twence 2016 Biomass Power Plant (BPP) atmospheric emissions Overview of emissions and comparison with Dutch daily standards (Activities Decree), and comparison with the additional average annual standards contained in the Environmental Management Act permit (verification after year-end 2016).

The average annual standards for new plants are based on emissions which are deemed feasible.

CONTINUOUS ENVIRONMENTAL RESULT RESULT RESULT MEASUREMENTS STANDARD

General Requirement 2016 Twence-specific 2016 average

Biomass Power Plant Daily Maximum Limit Exceeded Annual Average Average

Component mg/Nm3 Number of Days mg/Nm3 mg/Nm3

- dust 5 0 2(3) 0,17

- hydrochloric acid 8 0 8(3) 5,15

- sulphur dioxide 40 0 15(3) 14,52

- nitrogen oxides 180,(1) 0 65(3) 65,09

- carbon monoxide 45 2 30(3) 33,58

- organic substances 10 0 5(3) 0,29

- ammonia 5,(2) 0 n/a 1,93

CONTINUOUS ENVIRONMENTAL RESULT ENVIRONMENTAL RESULT MEASUREMENTS STANDARD STANDARD

General Requirement 2016 Twence-specific 2016 average

Biomass Power Plant Max./Measurement Limit Exceeded Annual Average Biomass Power Plant

Component mg/Nm3 Number of Days mg/Nm3 mg/Nm3

- mercury 0,05 0 0,005(3) 0,0015

- cadmium and thallium 0,05 0 0,01(3) 0,0007

- total of other metals 0,5 0 0,05(3) 0,0073 (1) In addition to the daily value, a monthly value of (3) - hydrogen fluoride 1 0 0,2 0,0667 70 mg/Nm3 also applies. (2) Supplementary limit value on Activities Decree - dioxins/furans (x10-6) 0,1 0 0,02(3) 0,0061 (3) Supplementary target value to Activities Decree

Twence – Public Annual Report Appendix – Planet 41 Roy Askamp

Ennatuurlijk asset manager and nature lover

42 Roy’s most beautiful place in Twente

Here in Twekkelo, close to the Twence power plant, there is a

fantastic nature and walking area. What I really like is that a

heat pipeline is running beneath me in the ground here, which

provides sustainable heat to thousands of houses “What I really and a few hundred businesses in Enschede. like is that a heat pipeline is The most conspicuous are the University of running beneath Twente and the FC Twente stadium. With this me in the ground heating network fed by Twence, Ennatuurlijk here...”

scored third place in the top 3 sustainable district

heating networks last year. The network keeps on expanding and

we have agreements with Twence until 2040.

Business activity and nature merging so harmoniously,

that’s wonderful, isn’t it? Yes, I can really warm to this place in

beautiful Twente.

Twence – Public Annual Report 43 Profit Key Figures

The Netherlands faces the challenge of The key figures below relate to the 2016 Consolidated Annual Accounts of Twence making the economy and society virtually Holding B.V. The balance sheet figures reflect the situation as at 31 December.

CO2 neutral within thirty years. The sooner, the better. Twence plays a leading role in the region on that score. KEY FIGURES UNIT 2016 2015 The development and sharing of Waste processing, energy, raw materials knowledge play a crucial part, as do Net turnover € millions 107,8 106,0 cooperation and scale. Total operating income € millions 108,0 106,9 The year 2016 Results Operating profit/EBIT € millions 18,1 16,5 Our energy from waste plant and biomass Net profit € millions 12,1 9,6 power plant provide a stable basis for the Net profit as a percentage of operating income % 11,2 9,0 development of sustainability initiatives. EBITDA € millions 51,5 50,2 The availability and energy production of these units were amply above budget. Cash flow from operating activities €millions 43,3 47,0 Financing the ‘Twente Agenda’ Although prices for waste, energy and Tangible fixed assets Twence is the source of financing for the metals are still under pressure, we ended Total purchase value € millions 636,2 628,3 Twente Region’s Twente Agenda. the year 2016 with an extremely good Total book value € millions 237,9 261,1 The so-called super-dividend, that we have result. This is something of which we are Investments € millions 10,2 8,7 paid out to our municipal shareholders proud. Depreciation € millions 33,4 33,7 since 2008, is used to finance projects that Capital stimulate the regional economy, innovation Twence is ‘stable’ for its shareholders: we Balance sheet total € millions 275,8 298,1 and employment in Twente. fulfil a function that traditionally was Key ratios in the hands of governments. We focus Return on total assets % 6,3 5,4 A total of €64 million was paid out to the on a long-term return, in terms of our Return on shareholders’ equity % 9,7 7,8 Twente Agenda as super-dividend by us over sustainability, as well as economic goals. Amount of waste 2008 to 2015. A further €8 million will be This translates into a stable development Amount received in Ktonnes 957 950 paid out over 2016, bringing the total to of the organisation and results. €72 million. Energy Almost half of our net turnover of Gross production of electricity in GWh 487 421 The Twente Agenda will be continued as a €107.8 million derives from the sale of Supply of Heat and Steam in GWth 603 647 multi-year investment programme within energy, and the other half comes from Other key figures the Twente Region up to 2017. We are proud the sale of raw materials and waste Number of employees (at year end) FTEs 224,8 228,7 to be able to make this contribution to the processing. The net profit for 2016 is Absence due to illness % 3,1 4,2 development of the quality of life and job €12.1 million. Average age in years 45,8 45,1 opportunities in Twente. You will find the details in our ‘Annual Financial Report 2016 Twence Holding B.V.’, available online and in hard copy.

44 Section 5 – Profit ToekomstThe Future Synergy We want to continue to grow and develop Dein the druk task op setde resultaten,down by the vooral shareholders, als gevolg vanusing de our lage own prijsniveaus resources andvan energie,our vision. zal inInvestment 2016 niet initiativesverminderen. are Desondanksin line with the Green Deal verwachtenStrategic Policy wij Planook komend 2016-2019 jaar approved bedrijfs- OPTIMALLY USE AND Bottom Ashes economischby the shareholders. gezien bevredigende resultaten. IMPROVE EXISTING INSTALLATIONS.

OnsThe yearstrategisch 2017 will bedrijfsplan revolve around 2016-2019 the geeftdevelopments onze ontwikkelingsrichting described elsewhere voor in de komendethis report: jaren the conversionweer. Geen ofrevolutie, the biomass maar evolutie:power plant, we zettenthe supply nieuwe of the stappen first solar in de Full ingeslagenenergy to the richting. public grid,We zullen the development op eigen krachtof a washing en met facility visie blijven for bottom groeien: ashes al onze Improved efficiency installatiesand addressing leveren the lastinput obstacles voor elkaar. to the De warmtebuilding vanof a demanure één dient valorisation weer in het plant proces in vanZenderen. de ander.De In addition, reststromen we will van take de further één dienensteps in als optimising brandstof our of existing grondstof plants voor de ander.and developing Door deze the synergie synergy kunnen between we them het inkomendefurther. materiaal maximaal benutten. Our development plans aim at increased Energieproduction zal ofmeer green en energymeer uit and hernieuw- the circular bareeconomy bronnen and paykomen, close wij attention zullen daar to our onze Conversion of biomass power plant bijdragecontribution aan leveren. to the bio-based Bedrijven economy. als Twence, (for supplying steam, met expertise op het gebied van terug- heat and electricity) Wewinnen keep van the grondstoffen benefit of the uit output, afval, vormen the MORE RAW MATERIALS socialeen belangrijke value and schakelthe commercial in de keten aspect van FROM WASTE, inverbruik mind in naar our nieuwactivities; gebruik. preconditions Ook hierin RESIDUAL STREAMS tozullen contributing wij ons verder to the ontwikkelen. sustainable AND BIOMASS. development of our environment. We INCREASED continueDaarnaast to richten work on wij good ons contacts vizier voor with de SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FROM RENEWABLE ourlange stakeholders. termijn nadrukkelijk op onze mogelijk- RESOURCES Interconnectingheden om bij te dragenknowledge, aan deexpertise biobased and Shareholders’ recycling Manure qualityeconomie. bears fruit that we can collectively objectives valorisation harvest.

Transformation of manure and Contribution to new bioconversion renewable energy solutions

Twence – Public Annual Report Section 5 – Profit 45 Jelle Beintema

Alderman of Hellendoorn and sustainable thinker

46 Jelle’s most beautiful place in Twente

As a municipality, we want more people to live in a sustainable

living environment. We want to tie in with the needs of today,

without depriving future generations of the perspective of

meeting their needs properly too.

The opportunities are there, and I am keen to “Working hard

use them as best as possible. to preserve this lovely place for a long future We have so much beauty here in Twente. energises me.” Consider the wonderful Sallandse Heuvelrug.

Look at the Regge with its clear water and fish

ladders. Working hard to preserve this lovely place for a long

future energises me. By making good, sustainable decisions,

we can ensure together in Twente that life is good and will stay

good in our region!

Twence – Public Annual Report 47 Twence Holding B.V.

Visiting address Boldershoekweg 51 7554 RT Hengelo The Netherlands

Postal address PO Box 870 7550 AW Hengelo The Netherlands

T +31 (0)74 240 44 44 F +31 (0)74 240 43 33 E [email protected] I www.twence.nl