DOCSLIB.ORG

Uhm Phd 8508799 R.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Uhm Phd 8508799 R.Pdf INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacentframe. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of "sectioning" the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again-beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For illustrations that cannot be satisfactorily reproduced by xerographic means, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and inserted into your xerographic copy. These prints are available upon request from the Dissertations Customer Services Department. 5. Some pages in any document may have indistinct print. In all cases the best available copy has been filmed. University MicrOfilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road AnnArbor,MI48106 8508799 Thammasiri, Kanchit FLOWER PIGMENTS IN YELLOW DENDROBIUM SPECIES AND HYBRIDS University of Hawaii PH.D. 1984 University Microfilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI48106 PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document havebeen identified here with a check mark __..j_. 1. Glossy photographs or pages --..L..... 2. Colored illustration'), paper or print__ 3. Photographs with dark background V 4. Illustrations are poor copy __ 5. Pages with black marks, not original copy__ 6. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of page__ 7. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages ~ 8. Print exceeds margin requirements __ 9. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine__ 10. Computer printout pages with indistinct print __ 11. Page(s) lacking when material received, and not available from school or author. 12. Page(s) seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows. 13. Two pages numbered . Textfollows. 14. Curling and wrinkled pages __ 15. Other _ University Microfilms International FLOWER PIGMENTS IN YELLOW DENDROBIUM SPECIES AND HYBRIDS A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PllILOSOPHY IN HORTICULTURE DECEMBER 1984 By Kanchit Thammasiri Dissertation Committe: Haruyuki Kamemoto, Chairman Richard W. Hartmann Kent D. Kobayashi Charles L. Murdoch Chung-Shih Tang iii ABSTRACT Carotenoids and chlorophylls in yellow petals of Dendrobium species and hybrids were examined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Six carotenoids, neoxanthin, violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, and s-carotene, and chlorophyll a and b were identified. Lutein, zeaxanthin, and 8-carotene were the major pigments responsible for yellow flower color in several dendrobiums. Color was affected by the numbers and concentrations of pigments. The degradation of flavonoids, carotenoids, and chlorophylls in the flowers at different stages of maturity within a raceme was examined for three progeuies, K528 (pale yellow), K637 (white-purple), and K650 (bright yellow). The amounts of carotenoids and chlorophylls in crosses K528 and K637 decreased rapidly after blooming, while cross K650 maintained a high carotenoid content in all stages of maturity. Flavonol content in all three crosses did not show any change over time. Carotenoid and chlorophyll changes in growth and development from the bud stage to flower maturity were determined qualitatively and quantitatively in crosses K528 and K637. All 6 carotenoids and 2 chlorophylls in both crosses declined continually from the bud stage to 2-4 weeks after blooming. iv The inheritance of yellow flower color in Dendrobium appears to be complex, since at least 6 carotenoids and chlorophyll a and b have been shown to co-exist. Degradation of yellow pi~ments is not uncommon, and polyploidy further complicates the analysis of color inheritance. Since both carotenoid and chlorophyll concentrations in hybrids often fall between those of the parents, it appears that yellow color is mostly quantitatively inherited although interactions with modifying genes can be significant. v TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ABSTRACT •••• .. .. .. ·. .... .. iii LIST OF TABLES • .. ... ·.... ... vii LIST OF FIGURES • . •• • .. .. .. ... I• INTRODUCTION . ••• .. 1. 11. REVIEW OF LITERATURE • . ... • I. •• • •• 3 2.1 Yellow flower pigments. ••••••••• •• 3 2.2 Biosynthesis of flower'pigments ••••• •• 6 2.2.1 Carotenoids ••• '. • • • • • • • • •• 6 2.2.2 Chlorophylls ••••••••••• •• 8 2.2.3 Flavonoids... ••••••••• •• q ~.3 Function of flower pigments. •••••• •• 12 2.4 Degradation of flower pigments. ••••••• 11 ~.5 Color inheritance. ••••••••••• •• 18 2.5.1 Flavonoids... ••••••••• •• 18 2.5.2 Carotenoids •••••••••••••• 20 2.6 Color inheritance in orchids. • • • • • • • • 22 III. MATERIALS AND METHODS •• · . .. ... 27 3.1 Carotenoid and chlorophyll identification in flowers of Dendrobium species and hybrids 27 3.1.1 Extraction of pigments. ••••• •• ~7 3.1.2 RPLC system •••••••••••••• 11 1.1.3 Identification of pigments. ••• •• 32 1.1.4 Quantitative determination. ••• •• 1~ 1.2 n~gradation of clower pigments in Dendrobium hybrids. •••••••••••••••• •• 34 3.2.1 Pigment changes at different stages of flowers in a single raceme •••• •• 35 3.2.2 Carotenoid and chlorophyll changes in growth and development of flowers • •• 35 3.3 Cytology and yellow flower color inheritance. 36 3.3.1 Cytology. • ••••••••••••• '36 1.3.2 Yellow flower color inheritance. • • • 36 IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ••••••••..•• •• 4.1 'Carotenoid and chlorophyll identification in Elowers of Dendrobium species and hybrids •• 38 4.1.1 Discussion.. •••••••••• •• 63 4.2 Degradation of flower pigments in Dendrobium hybrids ••••••••••••••••••• 68 vi 4.2.1 Pigment changes at different stages of f.lowers in a single r a c e me , fiB 4.~.2 Carotenoid and chlorophyll ch~nges in growth and development of flowers •• 76 4.2.3 Discussion. ••••••••••• 7B 4.3 Cytology and yellow flower color inheritance. 82 4.3.1 Cytology. •••••••••••• 82 4.3.2 Yellow flower color inheritance. 82 4.3.1 Discussion.. •••••••••• qO APPENDIX • 95 LITERATURE CITED • 114 vii LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE 1 Petal color of Dendrobium species and hybrids used for carotenoid and chlorophyll determination in their petals. 28 2 Petal color of Dendrobium cultivars and selections used for carotenoid and chlorophyll determination in their petals. Specific extinction coeffIcients at A max of carotenoids and chlorophylls used for quantitative determination. 33 4 Petal color of Dendrobium plants used for yellow flower color inheritance. 5 Identification of carotenoids and chlorophylls from petals of the genus Dendrobium. 19 6 Quantitative distribution of carotenoids and chlorophylls in petals of Q. macrophyllum at two different time. 49 7 Quantitative distribution of carotenoids and chlorophylls in petals of some Dendrobium species • Ouantitative distrihution of carotenoIds and ch l 0 r 0 ph Y11 sIn pet a 1 S 0 f some 1) end rob ill'': hybrids • Ii 1 9 Percentage and total amounts of carotenoids and chlorophylls in relation to petal color of some yellowish-flowered Dendrobium species. 64 10 Absorbance of flower pigments in three Dendrobium crosses at different stages of Elo~ers in a single raceme • 11 Quantitative distrihution of carotenoids and chlorophylls at different stages of growth and development of flowers in two Dendrobium crosses • 77 12 Chromosome numbers in some Dendrobium accessIons. viii 13 Segregation of offspring of crosses which have ~. Jaquelyn Thomas 'Y166-1' as an ancestor • ~6 14 Quantitative distribution of carotenolds and chlorophylls in petal of some nendroblum crosses with their parents • 89 ix LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE PACiE 1 Absorption spectra of neoxanthin in me t h a noLye c e t on Lt r L'le (25:75 v/V) and with addItion of RCI. • •••• ... 40 2 Absorption spectra of violaxanthin in methanol/acetonitrile (25:75 V/V) and with addition of RCI ••••••••••• 41 3 Absorption spectra of a n t h e r a xa n t h Ln in methanol/acetonitrile (25:75 V/v) and with addition of RCI. •••• • •••• 4~ 4 Absorption spectra of lutein In methanol/acetonitr.ile (25:75 v/V) and with a d d l t Lo n of ReI. • •••• 41 'i Absorption spectra of zeaxanthin in methanol/acetonitrile (25:75 V/V) and with addItion of RCI. • ••••••• 44 Absorption spectrum of chlorophyll b in methanol/acetonitrile (25:75 V/V). 45 7 Absorption spctrum of chlorophyll a in methanol/acetonitrile (25:75 V/V) 46 8 Absorption spectra of B-carotene in methanol/acetonitrile (25:75 V/V) and with a d d Lt Lon of Hel. •••• • ••• 47 Q 1<' 1. f) '01~ r s 0 f ~. a g g r ~ g '-t t 11:n • QPLC chromato~ram of a total pigment extract of ~. aggregatum ••• '52 11 Flowers of n. helix ••••••••• 53 12 HPLC chromatogram of a total pigment extract of D. helix. ••• . .•.••.•• '54 13 Flowers of D. strehloceras • '55 14 HPLC chromato~ram of a total pigment extract of n.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Review Article Organic Compounds: Contents and Their Role in Improving Seed Germination and Protocorm Development in Orchids
    Hindawi International Journal of Agronomy Volume 2020, Article ID 2795108, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2795108 Review Article Organic Compounds: Contents and Their Role in Improving Seed Germination and Protocorm Development in Orchids Edy Setiti Wida Utami and Sucipto Hariyanto Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia Correspondence should be addressed to Sucipto Hariyanto; [email protected] Received 26 January 2020; Revised 9 May 2020; Accepted 23 May 2020; Published 11 June 2020 Academic Editor: Isabel Marques Copyright © 2020 Edy Setiti Wida Utami and Sucipto Hariyanto. ,is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In nature, orchid seed germination is obligatory following infection by mycorrhizal fungi, which supplies the developing embryo with water, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, causing the seeds to germinate relatively slowly and at a low germination rate. ,e nonsymbiotic germination of orchid seeds found in 1922 is applicable to in vitro propagation. ,e success of seed germination in vitro is influenced by supplementation with organic compounds. Here, we review the scientific literature in terms of the contents and role of organic supplements in promoting seed germination, protocorm development, and seedling growth in orchids. We systematically collected information from scientific literature databases including Scopus, Google Scholar, and ProQuest, as well as published books and conference proceedings. Various organic compounds, i.e., coconut water (CW), peptone (P), banana homogenate (BH), potato homogenate (PH), chitosan (CHT), tomato juice (TJ), and yeast extract (YE), can promote seed germination and growth and development of various orchids.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecularphylogeneticsof Phalaenopsis(Orchidaceae)
    The JapaneseSocietyJapanese Society for Plant Systematics ISSN 1346-7565 Acta Phytotax. GeoboL 56 (2): 14]-161 (200S)･ Molecular Phylogenetics of Phalaenopsis (Orchidaceae)and allied Genera: Re-evaluation of Generic Concepts TOMOHISA YUKAWAi, KOICHI KITA2, TAKASHI HANDA2, TOPIK HIDAYAT3 and MOTOMHTo3 i71sukuba 21hstitute Botanical Garcien, Nlational Scienee Mtiseum, Amakuho, Tyuketba, 305-OO05. Jopan; of 3Graduate Agricultnre andforestn)). Uhivensity qf'Tgukuba, fennodai, 71yukuba, 305-857Z Japan; Schoot ofArts and Seience, Uhivensity of7bdy,o, Kbmaba, 7bkyo, J53-8902, JZu)an, Molecular phylogenetic analyscs were performed using data sets derived from DNA sequences ofthe plastid genome (matK and trnK introns) and the nuelear genome (rDNA ITS) in an examination ofrela- tionships of all sections ofPhataenqpsis and closely related gcnera. The fo11owing insights were pro- vided: (1) The genera Lesliea and IVbthodoritis are nested within Phalaenopsis, (2) Phalaenopsis subgenus Aphyilae and section EsmeJ'aldd, often treated as thc independent genera Kirrgidium and Doritis respectively, are also nested within Phalaenqpsis. (3) Two subgenera of Phalaenqpsis, namely, Phalaenopsis and 1larishianae, are not monophyletic. (4) Phalaenopsis sections Deliciosae, SZautqglottis, Amboinenses and Zehrinae are not monophyletic. (5) lnconsistencies bctween the plastid and nuclear lineages indicate a hybrid origin ofPhalaenopsis minus and Phalaenopsis phitmpinensis. (6) In light of these findings, and to accommodate phylogenetic integrity and stability in nomenclature, we adopt a broadly defincd Doritis characterized by the possession of fbur pollinia, an explicit character state. Key words: Doritis,introgression, ITS, mati(l moleculag Orchidaceae, Ahalaenopsis, phylogcnctics, tttnK Phakzenopsis Blume is an orchid genus to which 62 tion ofthe genus has been thoroughly reviewed by species are currently assigned (Christenson 2001).
    [Show full text]
  • Universidade Estadual De Mato Grosso Do Sul Unidade Universitária De Dourados Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Recursos Naturais
    Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul Unidade Universitária de Dourados Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais TÉCNICAS DE CULTIVO in vitro COMO ALTERNATIVA PARA A CONSERVAÇÃO DE Schomburgkia crispa Lindl. (ORCHIDACEAE) E SUA REINTRODUÇÃO EM AMBIENTE NATURAL Acadêmica: Jackeline Schultz Soares Dourados - MS Fevereiro de 2018 Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul Unidade Universitária de Dourados Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais TÉCNICAS DE CULTIVO in vitro COMO ALTERNATIVA PARA A CONSERVAÇÃO DE Schomburgkia crispa Lindl. (ORCHIDACEAE) E SUA REINTRODUÇÃO EM AMBIENTE NATURAL Acadêmica: Jackeline Schultz Soares Orientador: Profº Dr. Etenaldo Felipe Santiago Coorientadora: Profª Drª Yara B. C. J. Rosa (in memoriam) “Tese apresentada ao programa de pós- graduação em Recursos Naturais, área de concentração em Recursos Naturais, da Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, como parte das exigências para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Recursos Naturais”. Dourados - MS Fevereiro de 2018 S654t Soares, Jackeline Schultz Técnicas de cultivo in vitro como alternativa para a conservação de Schomburgkia crispa Lindl.(Orchidceae) e sua reintrodução em ambiente natural / Jackeline Schultz Soares. Dourados, MS: UEMS, 2018. 101p. ; 30cm. Tese (Doutorado) – Recursos Naturais – Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Unidade Universitária de Dourados, 2018. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Etenaldo Felipe Santiago. 1. Orchidaceae. 2. Semeadura assimbiótica. 3. Cerrado. I. Título. CDD 23.ed. 584.15 Cdd . - ????????? “E peço isto: que o vosso amor cresça mais e mais em ciência e em todo o conhecimento” Filipenses 1:9 iii A Deus, À minha família, À Profª. Drª. Yara Brito Chaim Jardim Rosa (in memoriam), por ter me acompanhado desde o início, me ensinando com maestria o ofício da pesquisa científica, Dedico.
    [Show full text]
  • E29695d2fc942b3642b5dc68ca
    ISSN 1409-3871 VOL. 9, No. 1—2 AUGUST 2009 Orchids and orchidology in Central America: 500 years of history CARLOS OSSENBACH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORCHIDOLOGY LANKESTERIANA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORCHIDOLOGY Copyright © 2009 Lankester Botanical Garden, University of Costa Rica Effective publication date: August 30, 2009 Layout: Jardín Botánico Lankester. Cover: Chichiltic tepetlauxochitl (Laelia speciosa), from Francisco Hernández, Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus, Rome, Jacobus Mascardus, 1628. Printer: Litografía Ediciones Sanabria S.A. Printed copies: 500 Printed in Costa Rica / Impreso en Costa Rica R Lankesteriana / International Journal on Orchidology No. 1 (2001)-- . -- San José, Costa Rica: Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica, 2001-- v. ISSN-1409-3871 1. Botánica - Publicaciones periódicas, 2. Publicaciones periódicas costarricenses LANKESTERIANA i TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Geographical and historical scope of this study 1 Political history of Central America 3 Central America: biodiversity and phytogeography 7 Orchids in the prehispanic period 10 The area of influence of the Chibcha culture 10 The northern region of Central America before the Spanish conquest 11 Orchids in the cultures of Mayas and Aztecs 15 The history of Vanilla 16 From the Codex Badianus to Carl von Linné 26 The Codex Badianus 26 The expedition of Francisco Hernández to New Spain (1570-1577) 26 A new dark age 28 The “English American” — the journey through Mexico and Central America of Thomas Gage (1625-1637) 31 The renaissance of science
    [Show full text]
  • Cattleya Dowiana and the Taxonomy of Its Color Variations
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270901623 A new form of Cattleya dowiana and the taxonomy of its color variations Article · January 2015 CITATION READS 1 1,893 1 author: Franco Pupulin University of Costa Rica 175 PUBLICATIONS 1,223 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Sobralias of Costa Rica View project Flora Costaricensis View project All content following this page was uploaded by Franco Pupulin on 16 January 2015. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. www.aos.org ORCHIDSTHE BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN ORCHID SOCIETY VOL. 84 NO. 1 JANUARY 2015 A New Form of Cattleya dowiana and the Taxonomy of its Color Variations BY FRANCO PUPULIN 1 THE QUEEN OF ORCHIDS, or the disruption in geographical distribution carmoniana of subsp. dowiana described “Guaria de Turrialba,” as it is best known could be just an artifact of undersampling. here. In the coastal region of Baudó, a in its native Costa Rica, has long been In Colombia, growers consider C. dowiana disjunct population quite similar to the regarded as one of the most beautiful of subsp. aurea to present four main forms. form chrysotoxa was recently recorded all the Cattleya species, and many authors Forma chrysotoxa (formally described by (Misas Urreta 2006). Finally, a particularly have even called it “the world’s most Frederick Sander in 1891 as a variety of showy form, with the lip almost completely beautiful flower.” C. dowiana) is restricted to small areas in yellow, inhabits the Chado-Sinú area, but The indefatigable orchid explorer and the Risaralda Department.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence of Purifying Selection and Co-Evolution at the Fold-Back Arm of the Novel Precursor Microrna159 Gene in Phalaenopsis Species (Orchidaceae)
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Evidence of Purifying Selection and Co-Evolution at the Fold-Back Arm of the Novel Precursor MicroRNA159 Gene in Phalaenopsis Species (Orchidaceae) Chi-Chu Tsai1,2, Yu-Chung Chiang3*, I-Szu Weng1, Yu-Shium Lin1, Chang-Hung Chou4* 1. Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Pingtung, 908, Taiwan, 2. Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan, 3. Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan, 4. Research Center for Biodiversity, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan *[email protected] (YCC); [email protected] (CHC) OPEN ACCESS Abstract Citation: Tsai C-C, Chiang Y-C, Weng I-S, Lin Y-S, Chou C-H (2014) Evidence of Purifying Selection and Co-Evolution at the Fold-Back Arm of the Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenously transcribed, non- Novel Precursor MicroRNA159 Gene in protein-coding RNAs that play important roles in regulation of gene expression in Phalaenopsis Species (Orchidaceae). PLoS ONE 9(12): e114493. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. animals and plants. Here, selective constraints on the novel precursor 0114493 microRNA159 (pre-miR159) gene were investigated in 42 Phalaenopsis species Editor: Tzen-Yuh Chiang, National Cheng-Kung (Orchidaceae). University, Taiwan Methods/Results: A novel precursor microRNA159 gene was isolated from 42 Received: July 23, 2014 Phalaenopsis species using a new microRNA-PCR (miR-PCR) approach. Accepted: November 7, 2014 Sequencing of pre-miR159 genes revealed differences from the canonical pre- Published: December 3, 2014 miR159 gene in Phalaenopsis species and other plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Interspecific Genetic Analysis of Orchids in Brazil Using
    Plant Syst Evol (2014) 300:1825–1832 DOI 10.1007/s00606-014-1009-9 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Interspecific genetic analysis of orchids in Brazil using molecular markers Cristiane Gouveˆa Fajardo • Fa´bio de Almeida Vieira • Wagner Franco Molina Received: 4 November 2013 / Accepted: 2 February 2014 / Published online: 28 February 2014 Ó Springer-Verlag Wien 2014 Abstract Several species of Orchidaceae, one of the that unifoliate and bifoliolate species are genetically largest plant families, are considered endangered through- divergent. Additionally, PCA indicated a close relation out South America and legal protection policies are needed between C. granulosa and C. schofieldiana, a species con- so they can be preserved. Inter simple sequence repeats sidered to be a variety of C. granulosa by many researchers. (ISSRs) markers are a potential tool to be used in the phy- Thus, we conclude that ISSR genetic markers are effective logenetic reconstruction of closely related species. In this in detecting genetic differentiation among orchid species. study, we evaluate the polymorphic information content (PIC) and optimum number of ISSR markers (ONM) for Keywords Brassavola tuberculata Á Cattleya Á ISSR Á five Laeliinae orchids in order to assess genetic diversity. Genetic differentiation Á Laeliinae Á Orchidaceae The phylogenetic relationships between Cattleya granu- losa, an endangered Brazilian orchid, and four other native Brazilian species (Brassavola tuberculata, Cattleya bicolor, Introduction Cattleya labiata and Cattleya schofieldiana) were analyzed for genetic diversity and differentiation. The 11 selected With approximately 24,000 recognized species and about 800 primers generated 166 unambiguous loci (PIC = 0.354; genera, Orchidaceae is one of the largest plant families (World ONM = 156).
    [Show full text]
  • Tese 2014 Cristiane Gouvêa Fajardo
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE CENTRO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS- GRADUAÇÃO EM ECOLOGIA Conservação genética de Cattleya granulosa Lindley: uma orquídea ameaçada de extinção Tese de Doutorado Cristiane Gouvêa Fajardo Orientador: Dr. Wagner Franco Molina Co-orientador: Dr. Fábio de Almeida Vieira Natal-RN 2014 1 CRISTIANE GOUVÊA FAJARDO Conservação genética da orquídea Cattleya granulosa Lindley Tese de Doutorado apresentada como requisito para a obtenção do título de Doutor, pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Área de Ecologia Terrestre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Natal-RN 2014 1 “O mundo é um lugar perigoso de se viver, não por causa daqueles que fazem o mal, mas sim por causa daqueles que observam e deixam o mal acontecer.” Albert Einstein 2 SUMÁRIO Apresentação ..................................................................................................................... 1 Resumo .............................................................................................................................. 2 Abstract .............................................................................................................................. 3 Introdução .......................................................................................................................... 4 Objetivos ............................................................................................................................ 8 Referências .......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Universidade Federal Do Tocantins Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade, Ecologia E Conservação
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO TOCANTINS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIODIVERSIDADE, ECOLOGIA E CONSERVAÇÃO GERMINAÇÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO IN VITRO DE Cattleya nobilior RCHB. F. (ORCHIDACEAE), E SUA ACLIMATIZAÇÃO POR MEIO DO USO DE PALHADA DE SOJA NO SUBSTRATO SILENE LÍVIA AIRES DE OLIVEIRA PORTO NACIONAL – TOCANTINS 2019 SILENE LÍVIA AIRES DE OLIVEIRA GERMINAÇÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO IN VITRO DE Cattleya nobilior RCHB. F. (ORCHIDACEAE), E SUA ACLIMATIZAÇÃO POR MEIO DO USO DE PALHADA DE SOJA NO SUBSTRATO Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biodiversidade, Ecologia e Conservação da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Biodiversidade, Ecologia e Conservação. Orientadora: Drª. Kellen Lagares Ferreira Silva Co-orientador: Dr. Wagner de Melo Ferreira PORTO NACIONAL – TOCANTINS 2019 Silene Lívia Aires de Oliveira GERMINAÇÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO IN VITRO DE Cattleya nobilior RCHB. F. (ORCHIDACEAE), E SUA ACLIMATIZAÇÃO POR MEIO DO USO DE PALHADA DE SOJA NO SUBSTRATO Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Ecologia e Conservação. Foi avaliada para obtenção do título de Mestre em Biodiversidade, Ecologia e Conservação e aprovada em sua forma final pelo Orientador e pela Banca Examinadora. Data de aprovação: 25/02/2019 Banca Examinadora: Prof. Dra. Kellen Lagares Ferreira Silva (Orientadora), UFT fi-Yve,s,„ Prof. Dr°. Rodney Haulien Oliveira Viana, UFT Prof. Oliveira, UFT Porto Nacional, 2019 ii Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP) Sistema de Bibliotecas da Universidade Federal do Tocantins O48g Oliveira, Silene Lívia Aires de. GERMINAÇÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO IN VITRO DE Cattleya nobilior RCHB. F. (ORCHIDACEAE), E SUA ACLIMATIZAÇÃO POR MEIO DO USO DE PALHADA DE SOJA NO SUBSTRATO.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix: Orchid Potting Mixtures - an Abridged Historical Review 1
    Appendix: Orchid potting mixtures - An abridged historical review 1 T. J. SHEEHAN Introduction There is little doubt that potting media development over time has been the salvation of orchid growers (Bomba, 1975). When epiphytic orchids were first introduced into England and other European countries in the 18th century growers could not envision plants growing in anything but soil. '"Peat and loam' were good for everything and frequently became the mass murderers of the first generation of epiphytic orchids," Hooker is believed to have said around the end of the 19th century; England had become the graveyard of tropical orchids. Undoubtedly this was in reference to the concern individuals were having over the potting media problems. This problem also drew the attention of such noted individuals as John Lindley and Sir Joseph Paxton, as well as the Gardener's Chronicle, who noted that "The Rule of Thumb" had nothing to say about orchid growing; it was only effective in orchid killing (Bomba 1975). Fortunately, the ingenuity of growers solved the problem as innovative potting mixes evolved over the years. After visiting a number of orchid growing establishments it immediately becomes obvious to any orchid grower, professional or hobbyist, that orchids, both epiphytic and terrestrial, will grow in a wide variety of media. It has often been stated that epiphytic orchids can be grown in any medium except soil as long as watering and fertilization are adjusted to fit the mix being used. Ter­ restrial orchids seem to thrive in any medium that contains 40% or more organic matter. Reading cultural recommendations from the early days of orchid growing is most interesting and highly recommended.
    [Show full text]
  • The Use of the Hypervariable P8 Region of Trnl (UAA) Intron for Identification of Orchid Species: Evidence from Restriction Site Polymorphism Analysis
    RESEARCH ARTICLE The use of the hypervariable P8 region of trnL (UAA) intron for identification of orchid species: Evidence from restriction site polymorphism analysis Rajkumar Kishor¤*, G. J. Sharma Department of Life Sciences, Manipur University, Imphal, Manipur, India ¤ Current address: Kwaklei and Khonggunmelei Orchids Pvt. Ltd., Sagolband Vijaygovind, Imphal, Manipur, a1111111111 India a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract The P8 stem-loop region of the trnL intron, which is known to be hypervariable in size with multiple repeat motifs and created difficulties in alignment, is always excluded in phyloge- netic as well as barcode analyses. This region was investigated for species discrimination in OPEN ACCESS 98 taxa of orchids belonging to the tribe Vandeae using in silico mapping of restriction site Citation: Kishor R, Sharma GJ (2018) The use of polymorphism. The length of the P8 regions varied from 200 nucleotides in Aerides rosea to the hypervariable P8 region of trnL(UAA) intron for identification of orchid species: Evidence from 669 nucleotides in Dendrophylax sallei. Forty two taxa had unique lengths, while as many restriction site polymorphism analysis. PLoS ONE as eight shared a common length of 521 nucleotides. Of the 35 restriction endonucleases 13(5): e0196680. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. producing digestions in the P8 regions, three, viz., AgsI, ApoI and TspDTI turned out to pone.0196680 have recognition sites across all the 98 taxa being studied. When their restriction data were Editor: Serena Aceto, University of Naples Federico combined, 92 taxa could be discriminated leaving three taxon pairs. However, Acampe II, ITALY papillosa and Aeranthes arachnites despite having similar restriction sites differed in their Received: January 17, 2018 P8 lengths.
    [Show full text]
  • Orchid Inventory in Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
    BIODIVERSITAS ISSN: 1412-033X Volume 18, Number 1, January 2017 E-ISSN: 2085-4722 Pages: 341-350 DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180145 Orchid inventory in Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi, Indonesia DWI MURTI PUSPITANINGTYAS Center for Plant Conservation-Bogor Botanical Gardens, Indonesian Institute of Sciences. Jl. Ir. H. Djuanda No. 13, Paledang, Bogor 16122, West Java, Indonesia. Tel. +62-251-8322187, Fax. +62-251-8322187, ♥email: [email protected] Manuscript received: 3 November 2016. Revision accepted: 18 January 2017. Abstract. Puspitaningtyas DM. 2017. Orchid inventory in Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 341-350. Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, commonly abbreviated as Babul National Park, is in South Sulawesi. It occupies an area of 43,750 hectares between 119o34'17"-119o55'13" East and 4o42'49"-5o06'42" South. Babul National Park is an area in the transition zone between Asia and Australia and therefore has a unique flora and fauna. The study reported here aimed to inventory the orchid species in the Babul National Park area and to determine the orchid diversity in the area. The results of the study recorded approximately 60 orchid species found in Babul National Park. These were representative of 32 genera and consisted of 42 species of epiphytic orchids and 18 species of terrestrial orchids. The terrestrial orchid Habenaria beccarii and the epiphytic orchid Aerides inflexa were the most common orchids found, and were spread evenly throughout the Babul National Park area. Coelogyne celebensis and Aerides inflexa are endemic orchids of Sulawesi found within the Park. Three species of the genus Nervilia, i.e.
    [Show full text]