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Interpreting Cultural Heritage for Non-Thai Visitors&Nbsp INTERPRETING CULTURAL HERITAGE FOR NON-THAI VISITORS IN THE HAT SIAO COMMUNITY, SUKHOTHAI PROVINCE, THAILAND By Mr. Phobphison PHOB-UDOM A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Doctor of Philosophy Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism (International Program) Graduate School, Silpakorn University Academic Year 2017 Copyright of Graduate School, Silpakorn University Interpreting Cultural Heritage for Non-Thai Visitors in the Hat Siao Community, Sukhothai Province, Thailand โดย Mr.Phobphison PHOB-UDOM วิทยานิพนธน์ ้ีเป็นส่วนหน่ึงของการศกึ ษาตามหลกั สูตรปรัชญาดุษฎีบณั ฑิต สาขาวิชาArchitectural Heritage Management and Tourism Plan 2.1 บัณฑิตวิทยาลัย มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร ปีการศึกษา 2560 ลิขสิทธ์ิของบณั ฑิตวิทยาลยั มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร INTERPRETING CULTURAL HERITAGE FOR NON-THAI VISITORS IN THE HAT SIAO COMMUNITY, SUKHOTHAI PROVINCE, THAILAND By Mr. Phobphison PHOB-UDOM A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Doctor of Philosophy Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism (International Program) Graduate School, Silpakorn University Academic Year 2017 Copyright of Graduate School, Silpakorn University Title Interpreting Cultural Heritage for Non-Thai Visitors in the Hat Siao Community, Sukhothai Province, Thailand By Phobphison PHOB-UDOM Field of Study Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism (International Program) Advisor Polladach Theerapappisit Graduate School Silpakorn University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Dean of graduate school (Associate Professor Jurairat Nunthanid, Ph.D.) Approved by Chair person ( Kreangkrai Kirdsiri , Ph.D.) Advisor ( Polladach Theerapappisit , Ph.D.) External Examiner ( Nantira Pookhao Sonjai , Ph.D.) D ABSTRACT 56056966 : Major Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism (International Program) Keyword : Cultural Heritage, Hat Siao Community, Thai-Phuan Community, Heritage Interpretation, Cross-Cultural Interpretation MR. PHOBPHISON PHOB-UDOM : INTERPRETING CULTURAL HERITAGE FOR NON-THAI VISITORS IN THE HAT SIAO COMMUNITY, SUKHOTHAI PROVINCE, THAILAND THESIS ADVISOR : POLLADACH THEERAPAPPISIT, Ph.D. The Hat Siao community is a small community in Sukhothai province. It is located beside the Yom River which is the main resource for agriculture and for traditions and ceremonies. The local residents in the community are Thai-Phuan people. They have created a mixed and rich culture and heritage with both tangible and intangible features. Unfortunately, without appropriate interpretation, 1) some examples of the cultural identity of the community are likely to fade away or disappear from the community. Furthermore, 2) the great potential to promote this community to international visitors is absent due to the lack of community cross- cultural interpretation. This research is aimed to 1) verify the cultural identity and evaluate the existing heritage resources of the community, 2) identify non-Thai visitors‟ characteristics, expectations and acquired experiences in the community and 3) examine the issues and challenges of cultural heritage interpretation for cross- cultural visitors to the Hat Siao community. Both primary and secondary data were collected with a combination of research methods. The literature review, documentation research and comparative research were conducted to collect secondary data while field observations, questionnaires, in-depth interviews and a focus group meeting were conducted to collect primary data. The study was conducted from December, 2014 to June, 2018. The results revealed that even though the cultural heritage resources of the Hat Siao community embraces all aspects of the Burra Charter, the evaluation which was conducted in terms of the dimensions of authenticity from the Hoi An Protocols revealed that the authenticity of the community heritage resources has been changed in various ways. Thus, controlled commodification should be employed in the community to balance conservation and commercialization. Heritage interpretation is recognized as the crucial tool to conserve community identity to acquire long-term benefits, raise public awareness and encourage the locals to be proud of their value. For the analysis of foreign visitors, the results indicated that non-Thai visitors in the community had different characteristics; however, their expectations were largely to learn ratherthan to have leisure experiences. Unfortunately, their desire cannot be fulfilled by the available heritage interpretation. Hence, the community need to develop the effective interpretation for cross-cultural visitors from improving the key messages for cross-cultural visitors and find channels to transmit the messages to foreign visitors through off-site and on-site interpretation techniques via both digital and traditional ways. Besides, the community heritage interpretation should include local messages or local voices and requires local involvement in presenting their heritage to visitors. E F ACKNOWLEDGEM ENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The successful fulfillment of this dissertation was fulfilled with the assistance of many contributors and cooperation of countless people. At this special moment, I would like to take this opportunity to express my sincere thanks and appreciation to my dissertation advisor; Dr. Polldach Theerapappisit for his valuable guidance, comment, suggestion, patience and encouragement throughout the whole process of this research. My sincere thanks and gratitude go to all lecturers, classmates and staff members of the Faculty of Architecture, Graduate School of International Program, Silpakorn University for their curriculum guidance, camaraderie, sharing and encouragement which provided me with a strong based knowledge for this research. I also would like to express my sincere thanks and appreciation to all responsive staff and visitors in the municipality of Hat Siao sub district, all related government and private agencies, and all local members of Hat Siao community for worthy information, useful opinion and assist me at all time during several site visits for data collection. I respect and owe my profound gratitude to my classmates who sacrificed their valuable time to attend my data collections and suggested me useful research materials, critical thoughts and good advice; Dr. Walairujee Wichienthawee, Dr. Angkana Yaiyong, Dr. Thitiporn Meesil, Dr. Phornphan Roopklom and Dr. Nisakorn Butrngamdee. Lastly, I owe my deepest gratitude to my beloved family; my father, mother and brothers for their patience, tender care, enduring support, encouragement, and unconditioned love throughout my life. I hope that my achievement today will make them proud of me. Phobphison PHOB-UDOM TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. D ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................... F TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................... G LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................... I LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................. K CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................... 1 1. Statement of the problems ............................................................................... 1 2. Aims and Objectives ........................................................................................ 4 3. Research Questions ......................................................................................... 4 4. Scope of Study ................................................................................................... 4 5. Research Methodology .................................................................................... 5 6. Processes and Methods of Study ...................................................................... 7 7. Thesis Contents ............................................................................................... 9 8. Research Outcome ........................................................................................... 11 9. Terminology .................................................................................................... 11 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW .................................................................. 17 1. Cultural Significance and Identity ................................................................... 17 2. Cultural Tourism and Heritage Tourism .......................................................... 23 3. Heritage Interpretation .................................................................................... 25 4. Re-Imaging Heritage Interpretation ................................................................. 28 5. Principles and Techniques of Interpretation .................................................... 31 6. Interpretation Themes and Presentation........................................................... 32 7. Interpretation Planning.................................................................................... 35 8. Local Involvement and Interpretation for Cross-Cultural Visitors ................... 38 9. Impacts of Tourism ......................................................................................... 44 H 10. Tourism Trends ............................................................................................
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