Annual Report 2016 ESO
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Messier Objects
Messier Objects From the Stocker Astroscience Center at Florida International University Miami Florida The Messier Project Main contributors: • Daniel Puentes • Steven Revesz • Bobby Martinez Charles Messier • Gabriel Salazar • Riya Gandhi • Dr. James Webb – Director, Stocker Astroscience center • All images reduced and combined using MIRA image processing software. (Mirametrics) What are Messier Objects? • Messier objects are a list of astronomical sources compiled by Charles Messier, an 18th and early 19th century astronomer. He created a list of distracting objects to avoid while comet hunting. This list now contains over 110 objects, many of which are the most famous astronomical bodies known. The list contains planetary nebula, star clusters, and other galaxies. - Bobby Martinez The Telescope The telescope used to take these images is an Astronomical Consultants and Equipment (ACE) 24- inch (0.61-meter) Ritchey-Chretien reflecting telescope. It has a focal ratio of F6.2 and is supported on a structure independent of the building that houses it. It is equipped with a Finger Lakes 1kx1k CCD camera cooled to -30o C at the Cassegrain focus. It is equipped with dual filter wheels, the first containing UBVRI scientific filters and the second RGBL color filters. Messier 1 Found 6,500 light years away in the constellation of Taurus, the Crab Nebula (known as M1) is a supernova remnant. The original supernova that formed the crab nebula was observed by Chinese, Japanese and Arab astronomers in 1054 AD as an incredibly bright “Guest star” which was visible for over twenty-two months. The supernova that produced the Crab Nebula is thought to have been an evolved star roughly ten times more massive than the Sun. -
INVESTIGATING ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI with LOW FREQUENCY RADIO OBSERVATIONS By
INVESTIGATING ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI WITH LOW FREQUENCY RADIO OBSERVATIONS by MATTHEW LAZELL A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Physics & Astronomy College of Engineering and Physical Sciences The University of Birmingham March 2015 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract Low frequency radio astronomy allows us to look at some of the fainter and older synchrotron emission from the relativistic plasma associated with active galactic nuclei in galaxies and clusters. In this thesis, we use the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope to explore the impact that active galactic nuclei have on their surroundings. We present deep, high quality, 150–610 MHz radio observations for a sample of fifteen predominantly cool-core galaxy clusters. We in- vestigate a selection of these in detail, uncovering interesting radio features and using our multi-frequency data to derive various radio properties. For well-known clusters such as MS0735, our low noise images enable us to see in improved detail the radio lobes working against the intracluster medium, whilst deriving the energies and timescales of this event. -
Summer 2021 Edition of Aries
Summer 2021 Aries derbyastronomy.org © Peter Hill © Rob Seymour Derby & District Astronomical Society Society Astronomical & District Derby Member Gallery— Peter Hill Visit the D.D.A.S website for more informaon on how Peter obtained these wonderful images. H Alpha Ca K White Light Images © Peter Hill Emerging Sunspot AR2827 ….. Peter Hill 1. Front Cover Member’s Gallery ….. Peter Hill 2. Inside front cover Index & Newsletter Information 3 COVID Statement & Committee Member Details 4 EDITORIAL ….. Anthony Southwell 5-6 Meet your Committee ….. Vice Chair & Ordinary Member 7-8 Chairman’s Challenge ….. Peter Branson 9 NEW - Chairman’s Challenge Competition 9 Derby Ram Trail and the Flamstead Ram ….. Anthony Southwell 10 Astro News - China on Mars: Zhurong Rover 11 Astro News - Dark Matter Map Reveals Cosmic Mystery 12 Astro News - James Webb Space Telescope Launch Delay “Likely,” 13 Astro News - Ingenuity set for 7th Red Planet flight 14 Astro News - NASA Announces Two New Missions to Venus 15 Observatory Rules & Regulations 16-17 BOOK REVIEW ….. The Apollo Guidance Computer ….. Reviewed by Malcolm Neal 18 What’s inside this issue... this inside What’s Library List ….. Titles for loan from the society library 19 inside back cover Programme of events ….. Rolling Calendar of DDAS Meengs and Events 20 back cover Member Gallery Book Reviewers WANTED Did you win a book in the Raffle? Or have you borrowed one from the Society Library. Each issue we would like to feature some of the fantastic Why not tell us what you thought about it in our Book Review . photos taken by members of Guide others through the maze the society. -
A Basic Requirement for Studying the Heavens Is Determining Where In
Abasic requirement for studying the heavens is determining where in the sky things are. To specify sky positions, astronomers have developed several coordinate systems. Each uses a coordinate grid projected on to the celestial sphere, in analogy to the geographic coordinate system used on the surface of the Earth. The coordinate systems differ only in their choice of the fundamental plane, which divides the sky into two equal hemispheres along a great circle (the fundamental plane of the geographic system is the Earth's equator) . Each coordinate system is named for its choice of fundamental plane. The equatorial coordinate system is probably the most widely used celestial coordinate system. It is also the one most closely related to the geographic coordinate system, because they use the same fun damental plane and the same poles. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere is called the celestial equator. Similarly, projecting the geographic poles on to the celest ial sphere defines the north and south celestial poles. However, there is an important difference between the equatorial and geographic coordinate systems: the geographic system is fixed to the Earth; it rotates as the Earth does . The equatorial system is fixed to the stars, so it appears to rotate across the sky with the stars, but of course it's really the Earth rotating under the fixed sky. The latitudinal (latitude-like) angle of the equatorial system is called declination (Dec for short) . It measures the angle of an object above or below the celestial equator. The longitud inal angle is called the right ascension (RA for short). -
10. Scientific Programme 10.1
10. SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME 10.1. OVERVIEW (a) Invited Discourses Plenary Hall B 18:00-19:30 ID1 “The Zoo of Galaxies” Karen Masters, University of Portsmouth, UK Monday, 20 August ID2 “Supernovae, the Accelerating Cosmos, and Dark Energy” Brian Schmidt, ANU, Australia Wednesday, 22 August ID3 “The Herschel View of Star Formation” Philippe André, CEA Saclay, France Wednesday, 29 August ID4 “Past, Present and Future of Chinese Astronomy” Cheng Fang, Nanjing University, China Nanjing Thursday, 30 August (b) Plenary Symposium Review Talks Plenary Hall B (B) 8:30-10:00 Or Rooms 309A+B (3) IAUS 288 Astrophysics from Antarctica John Storey (3) Mon. 20 IAUS 289 The Cosmic Distance Scale: Past, Present and Future Wendy Freedman (3) Mon. 27 IAUS 290 Probing General Relativity using Accreting Black Holes Andy Fabian (B) Wed. 22 IAUS 291 Pulsars are Cool – seriously Scott Ransom (3) Thu. 23 Magnetars: neutron stars with magnetic storms Nanda Rea (3) Thu. 23 Probing Gravitation with Pulsars Michael Kremer (3) Thu. 23 IAUS 292 From Gas to Stars over Cosmic Time Mordacai-Mark Mac Low (B) Tue. 21 IAUS 293 The Kepler Mission: NASA’s ExoEarth Census Natalie Batalha (3) Tue. 28 IAUS 294 The Origin and Evolution of Cosmic Magnetism Bryan Gaensler (B) Wed. 29 IAUS 295 Black Holes in Galaxies John Kormendy (B) Thu. 30 (c) Symposia - Week 1 IAUS 288 Astrophysics from Antartica IAUS 290 Accretion on all scales IAUS 291 Neutron Stars and Pulsars IAUS 292 Molecular gas, Dust, and Star Formation in Galaxies (d) Symposia –Week 2 IAUS 289 Advancing the Physics of Cosmic -
New Type of Black Hole Detected in Massive Collision That Sent Gravitational Waves with a 'Bang'
New type of black hole detected in massive collision that sent gravitational waves with a 'bang' By Ashley Strickland, CNN Updated 1200 GMT (2000 HKT) September 2, 2020 <img alt="Galaxy NGC 4485 collided with its larger galactic neighbor NGC 4490 millions of years ago, leading to the creation of new stars seen in the right side of the image." class="media__image" src="//cdn.cnn.com/cnnnext/dam/assets/190516104725-ngc-4485-nasa-super-169.jpg"> Photos: Wonders of the universe Galaxy NGC 4485 collided with its larger galactic neighbor NGC 4490 millions of years ago, leading to the creation of new stars seen in the right side of the image. Hide Caption 98 of 195 <img alt="Astronomers developed a mosaic of the distant universe, called the Hubble Legacy Field, that documents 16 years of observations from the Hubble Space Telescope. The image contains 200,000 galaxies that stretch back through 13.3 billion years of time to just 500 million years after the Big Bang. " class="media__image" src="//cdn.cnn.com/cnnnext/dam/assets/190502151952-0502-wonders-of-the-universe-super-169.jpg"> Photos: Wonders of the universe Astronomers developed a mosaic of the distant universe, called the Hubble Legacy Field, that documents 16 years of observations from the Hubble Space Telescope. The image contains 200,000 galaxies that stretch back through 13.3 billion years of time to just 500 million years after the Big Bang. Hide Caption 99 of 195 <img alt="A ground-based telescope&amp;#39;s view of the Large Magellanic Cloud, a neighboring galaxy of our Milky Way. -
The Messier Catalog
The Messier Catalog Messier 1 Messier 2 Messier 3 Messier 4 Messier 5 Crab Nebula globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster Messier 6 Messier 7 Messier 8 Messier 9 Messier 10 open cluster open cluster Lagoon Nebula globular cluster globular cluster Butterfly Cluster Ptolemy's Cluster Messier 11 Messier 12 Messier 13 Messier 14 Messier 15 Wild Duck Cluster globular cluster Hercules glob luster globular cluster globular cluster Messier 16 Messier 17 Messier 18 Messier 19 Messier 20 Eagle Nebula The Omega, Swan, open cluster globular cluster Trifid Nebula or Horseshoe Nebula Messier 21 Messier 22 Messier 23 Messier 24 Messier 25 open cluster globular cluster open cluster Milky Way Patch open cluster Messier 26 Messier 27 Messier 28 Messier 29 Messier 30 open cluster Dumbbell Nebula globular cluster open cluster globular cluster Messier 31 Messier 32 Messier 33 Messier 34 Messier 35 Andromeda dwarf Andromeda Galaxy Triangulum Galaxy open cluster open cluster elliptical galaxy Messier 36 Messier 37 Messier 38 Messier 39 Messier 40 open cluster open cluster open cluster open cluster double star Winecke 4 Messier 41 Messier 42/43 Messier 44 Messier 45 Messier 46 open cluster Orion Nebula Praesepe Pleiades open cluster Beehive Cluster Suburu Messier 47 Messier 48 Messier 49 Messier 50 Messier 51 open cluster open cluster elliptical galaxy open cluster Whirlpool Galaxy Messier 52 Messier 53 Messier 54 Messier 55 Messier 56 open cluster globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster Messier 57 Messier -
Metallicity Variations and Conduction in the Intracluster Medium
Metallicity Variations and Conduction in the Intracluster Medium THIS DISSERTATION IS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY March 2003 Roger Glenn Morris INSTITUTE OF ASTRONOMY & ROBINSON COLLEGE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE For J. A. M. and J. K. M. DECLARATION I hereby declare that my thesis entitled Metallicity Variations and Conduction in the Intracluster Medium is not substantially the same as any that I have submitted for a degree or diploma or other qualification at any other University. I further state that no part of my thesis has already been or is being concurrently submitted for any such degree, diploma or other qualification. This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration except where specifically indicated in the text. Those parts of this thesis which have been published or accepted for publication are as follows. Sections of Chapters 2 and 4 were published as: • Morris R. G., Fabian A. C., 2003, MNRAS, 338, 824. Some of the issues discussed in Chapter 4 were presented in preliminary form in: • Morris R. G., Fabian A. C., 2002, in Matteucci and Fusco-Femiano (2002), pp. 85–90. Work on thermal conduction (Chapter 5) has benefited from discussions with Lisa Voigt, published • as: Fabian A. C., Voigt L. M., Morris R. G., 2002b, MNRAS, 335, L71. Various figures throughout the text are reproduced from the work of other authors, for illustration or discussion. Such figures are always credited in the associated caption. This thesis contains fewer than 60,000 words. R. -
Deep Sky Explorer Atlas
Deep Sky Explorer Atlas Reference manual Star charts for the southern skies Compiled by Auke Slotegraaf and distributed under an Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Creative Commons license. Version 0.20, January 2009 Deep Sky Explorer Atlas Introduction Deep Sky Explorer Atlas Reference manual The Deep Sky Explorer’s Atlas consists of 30 wide-field star charts, from the south pole to declination +45°, showing all stars down to 8th magnitude and over 1 000 deep sky objects. The design philosophy of the Atlas was to depict the night sky as it is seen, without the clutter of constellation boundary lines, RA/Dec fiducial markings, or other labels. However, constellations are identified by their standard three-letter abbreviations as a minimal aid to orientation. Those wishing to use charts showing an array of invisible lines, numbers and letters will find elsewhere a wide selection of star charts; these include the Herald-Bobroff Astroatlas, the Cambridge Star Atlas, Uranometria 2000.0, and the Millenium Star Atlas. The Deep Sky Explorer Atlas is very much for the explorer. Special mention should be made of the excellent charts by Toshimi Taki and Andrew L. Johnson. Both are free to download and make ideal complements to this Atlas. Andrew Johnson’s wide-field charts include constellation figures and stellar designations and are highly recommended for learning the constellations. They can be downloaded from http://www.cloudynights.com/item.php?item_id=1052 Toshimi Taki has produced the excellent “Taki’s 8.5 Magnitude Star Atlas” which is a serious competitor for the commercial Uranometria atlas. His atlas has 149 charts and is available from http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~zs3t-tk/atlas_85/atlas_85.htm Suggestions on how to use the Atlas Because the Atlas is distributed in digital format, its pages can be printed on a standard laser printer as needed. -
MESSIER 18 OR M18 OPEN CLUSTER M18 (Also Designated NGC 6613) Is an Open Cluster of Stars in the Constellation Sagittarius. It W
MESSIER 18 OR M18 OPEN CLUSTER M18 (also designated NGC 6613) is an open cluster of stars in the constellation Sagittarius. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1764 and included in his list of comet-like objects. From the perspective of Earth, M18 is situated between the Omega Nebula (M17) and the Sagittarius Star Cloud (M24). Its age is estimated at 32 million years. It is 4,900 light-years away. OBSERVATION DATA (J2000.0 EPOCH) Right ascension 18h 19.9m Declination -17° 08' Distance 4.9 kly (1.5 kPc) The small smattering of bright blue stars upper left of centre in this huge Apparent magnitude (V) 7.5 615 megapixel ESO image is the perfect cosmic laboratory in which to Apparent dimensions (V) 9.0' study the life and death of stars. Known as Messier 18 this open star Radius 9 ly cluster contains stars that formed together from the same massive cloud Estimated age 32 million years of gas and dust. This image was captured by the OmegaCAM camera Other designations NGC 6613 attached to the VLT Survey Telescope (VST) located at ESO's Paranal Observatory in Chile LOCATING MESSIER 18: Because Messier 18 is nothing more than a small collection of stars which are slightly brighter than the background Milky Way stars, it isn’t easy to distinguish it using binoculars or a finder-scope if you’ve never seen it before. One of the most sure ways of locating it is to become familiar with Messier 17 and simply aim a couple of degrees (about a field of view) south. -
LERMA REPORT V1.1 PART II
LERMA 2007-2012 Contractualisation vague D Results vol. 3 Bibliography (version 1.1) Conception graphique S. Cabrit Sect. 3. Bibliography Sect. 3. Bibliography A detailed analysis of the lab's production would need a huge investment to be truly meaningful, so we better stay with simple facts. The table below shows the distribution among years and thematic poles of refereed and non refereed publications during the reporting period. Year ACL Publ. Pole 1 Pole 2 Pole 3 Pole 4 Overlap 2007 119 37 45 27 18 8 2008 133 40 57 25 21 10 2009 116 27 59 17 17 4 2010 214 50 112 25 87 60 2011 197 81 71 53 51 59 2012 77 31 29 15 10 8 Total 856 266 373 162 204 149 Table 2: Count of refereed publications from the ADS database Year Publis ACL Pôle 1 Pôle 2 Pôle 3 Pôle 4 Overlap 2007 2409 988 798 220 502 99 2008 2239 633 1166 222 290 72 2009 1489 341 852 119 196 19 2010 3283 1394 1412 213 1548 1284 2011 3035 2331 637 1345 1434 2712 2012 239 183 62 20 2 28 Totaux 12694 5870 4927 2139 3972 4214 Table 3: Count of the citations to the refereed publications from the ADS database. Beware the incompleteness of citations to plasma physics, molecular physics, remote sensing and engineering papers in this database Year ACL Publ. Pole 1 Pole 2 Pole 3 Pole 4 2007 20 27 18 8 28 2008 17 16 20 9 14 2009 13 13 14 7 12 2010 15 28 13 9 18 2011 15 29 9 25 28 2012 3 6 2 1 0 Totaux 15 22 13 13 19 Table 4: Average citation rate for the same publications Sect. -
Cool Gas in Brightest Cluster Galaxies
Cool Gas in Brightest Cluster Galaxies Cool Gas in Brightest Cluster Galaxies Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof. mr. P.F. van der Heijden, volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties te verdedigen op donderdag 6 oktober 2011 klokke 11.15 uur door Johannes Bernardus Raymond Oonk geboren te Hengelo in 1981 Promotiecommissie Promotor: Prof. dr. W. Jaffe Overige leden: Dr. J. Brinchmann Prof. dr. A. C. Fabian (University of Cambridge) Prof. dr. F. P. Israel Prof. dr. K. Kuijken ISBN: 978-94-6191-031-8 Contents vii Contents Page Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Galaxy Clusters ................................... 1 1.2 Cool-core Clusters ................................. 1 1.3 ThehotgasatT>107 K .............................. 2 1.4 ThecoolgasatT<104 K .............................. 2 1.5 This Thesis ..................................... 3 1.6 Outlook ....................................... 5 Chapter 2. Warm Molecular Gas in Abell 2597 and Sersic 159-03 7 2.1 Introduction .................................... 8 2.1.1 This project ................................. 10 2.2 Observations and reduction ............................ 10 2.2.1 Near Infrared Data ............................. 10 2.2.2 X-ray Data ................................. 13 2.2.3 Radio Data ................................. 14 2.3 Abell 2597 – Gas Distribution ........................... 14 2.3.1 Molecular gas ................................ 15 2.3.2 Ionised gas ................................. 16 2.4 Abell 2597 – Gas Kinematics ........................... 16 2.4.1 Molecular gas ................................ 17 2.4.2 Ionised gas ................................. 18 2.4.3 Filaments .................................. 18 2.5 Sersic 159-03 – Gas Distribution .......................... 19 2.5.1 Molecular gas ................................ 20 2.5.2 Ionised gas ................................. 20 2.6 Sersic 159-03 – Gas Kinematics .......................... 21 2.6.1 Molecular gas ...............................