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Zootaxa, a New Species of Cosmocercella Parasite of Diaglena Spatulata

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Zootaxa, a New Species of Cosmocercella Parasite of Diaglena Spatulata TERMS OF USE This pdf is provided by Magnolia Press for private/research use. Commercial sale or deposition in a public library or website is prohibited. Zootaxa 1940: 16–24 (2008) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2008 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) A new species of Cosmocercella parasite of Diaglena spatulata and Triprion petasatus (Anura: Hylidae) from Mexico, based on new morphological information for the genus ROSARIO MATA-LÓPEZ*1, SERGIO GUILLÉN-HERNÁNDEZ2 & VIRGINIA LEÓN-RÈGAGNON1 1Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, UNAM. Apdo. Postal 70-153. C.P. 04510, México, D. F. México. E-mail: gorgode- [email protected] 2Licenciatura en Biología Marina, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, Km 15.5, A. P. 4-116, Itzimná, Mérida, Yucatán, México. Abstract A new species of Cosmocercella as a parasite of the hylid frogs Diaglena spatulata and Triprion petasatus is herein described. The new species most closely resembles C. haberi and C. anothecae, both species distributed in Mexico. Cos- mocercella diaglenae n. sp. differs from these species in the arrangement of the caudal papillae, and mainly in the pres- ence and size of the first pair of papillae situated anteriorly to the anus, but it also differs by the distance between the second and third pairs of plectanes, by the length of the spicules and gubernaculum, by the size and form of the pharynx, as well as the esophageal bulb length-width ratio in females and finally by having larger eggs. In order to find additional taxonomic characteristics to distinguish among species, a morphometrical study was conducted. Key words: Cosmocercidae, Nematoda, Diaglena spatulata, Triprion petasatus, Anura, Hylidae, Jalisco, Yucatán Resumen Se describe una especie nueva de Cosmocercella parásita de los hylidos Diaglena spatulata y Triprion petasatus. La nueva especie se asemeja a C. haberi y C. anothecae, ambas especies distribuidas en México. Cosmocercella diaglenae n. sp. difiere de estas especies en el arreglo papilar caudal, principalmente en la presencia y tamaño del primer par de papilas situado anteriormente al ano, en la distancia entre el segundo y tercer par de plectanes, en la longitud de las espículas y el gubernaculum, en el tamaño y forma de la faringe, además de la relación entre el largo y ancho del bulbo esofágico en las hembras y en presentar huevos más grandes que los observados en C. haberi y en C. anothecae. Se real- izó un estudio morfométrico con el fin de encontrar más características diagnósticas para distinguir estas especies. Introduction Currently, Cosmocercella Steiner, 1924 comprises a small group of nematodes parasitic in amphibians and reptiles from the Americas and Asia: C. haberi Steiner, 1924 in H. cinerea from Alamos Sonora, USA; C. neveri Hsü & Hoeppli, 1933 in Quasipaa spinosa from Amoy, China; C. minor (Freitas & Dobbin, 1961) Baker & Adamson, 1977 in Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis from Department Presidente Hayes, Río Negro, Paraguay; C. anothecae Baker & Adamson, 1977 in Anotheca spinosa from Veracruz, Mexico; C. uropelti- darum (Crusz & Ching, 1975) Baker & Crusz, 1980 in Rhinophis phillipinus and R. drummondhayi from India and Sri Lanka; C. phyllomedusae Baker & Vaucher, 1983 in Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis from Para- 16 Accepted by G. P. P. De Leon: 1 Oct. 2008; published: 24 Nov. 2008 TERMS OF USE This pdf is provided by Magnolia Press for private/research use. Commercial sale or deposition in a public library or website is prohibited. guay (type host and locality) and Ph. palliata, Ph. tomopterna and Ph. vaillanti from Peru (Bursey et al., 2001); C. iwatzukii Hasegawa, 1989 in Rhacophorus viridis viridis from Okinawa, Japan, and C. phrynoman- tisi Moravec, 1990 in Callulops humicola (type host), C. stictogaster, and C. wilhelmana from Mt. Otto, Papua New Guinea. During a survey of the helminth parasites of amphibians in Mexico, an undescribed spe- cies of Cosmocercella was found in the intestine of Diaglena spatulata (Günther) and Triprion petasatus (Cope) from Jalisco and Yucatán states, respectively. The new species is described herein and a comparison of caudal papillae and morphometric data among Cosmocercella species is presented. Materials and methods Specimens of Diaglena spatulata and Triprion petasatus were collected by hand at localities of Jalisco and Yucatán states, Mexico. Hosts were killed with an overdose of sodium pentobarbital directly to the central nervous system and were examined for internal parasites under a stereoscope. Nematodes found were counted in situ, recorded and fixed in hot (steaming) formalin 4%, cleared in glycerin-ethanol, and mounted on tempo- rary slides with glycerol for microscopical observation. Drawings were made using a drawing tube. Mesure- ments are provided in millimeters, including range, followed by the average, standard deviation, and a sample size in parentheses when is different from the total number of studied specimens. Hosts bodies were deposited in the Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias (MZFC), UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico, and parasites were deposited in the Colección Nacional de Helmintos (CNHE), Instituto de Biología, UNAM, Mexico City, and the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology (HWML), Lincoln, Nebraska. The following specimens from the United States National Parasite Collection (USNPC), Beltsville, Maryland were examined for com- parison: C. anothecae 74592 (paratypes); C. haberi 74593, 84259, 85904, 85907, 87750, 88959, 88960, 89817, 91714, 92599 (vouchers); C. iwatsukii 80368 (paratypes); C. minor 85250 (voucher); C. phyllomedu- sae 89547, 89550 and 89554 (vouchers). Current host names used in the present study follow Frost (2008). Morphological data were tested for normality and homogeneity of variances using Shapiro-Wilks W sta- tistics and Bartlett’s test respectively (Zar, 1984). Canonical discriminant-function analyses (Blackith & Rey- ment, 1971) were used to determine differences between species. Results Cosmocercella diaglenae Mata-López, Guillén-Hernández and León-Règagnon, new species (Figs. 1–3) Taxonomy: Ascaridida, Cosmocercoidea, Cosmocercidae, Cosmocercella Steiner, 1924. Diagnosis: Nematodes with tapered extremities and lateral narrow wings, commencing from level far anterior to nerve ring and ending at precloacal region in males, and anterior to midtail in females. Cuticle with fine longitudinal striations. Three lips; dorsal lip with two papillae and each sub-ventral lip with one large papilla and one amphid; narrow naked mouth cavity. Esophagus anteriorly with short pharynx, followed by cylindrical portion and terminal esophageal bulb, with valvular apparatus. Nerve ring at midlevel of cylindri- cal portion of esophagus. Excretory pore ventromedian, anterior to esophageal bulb; excretory vesicle small, surrounded by a large cellular mass. Description. Male (measurements of 16 specimens): Body length (MBL) 1.537–1.975 (1.683±94.53). Maximum width 0.072–0.090 (77.03± 4.00) (3.8–5.13% of MBL). Pharynx 0.012–0.020 (0.015±0.002) long by 0.012–0.020 (0.016±0.002) (0.74–1.18% of MBL) wide. Ratio of pharynx length to width 0.83–1.33 (1.03±0.15). Esophagus length 0.237–0.267 (0.254±0.009) (12.53–16.42% of MBL) by width 0.020–0.032 (0.022±0.004). Esophageal bulb length 0.052–0.065 (0.059±0.004) (3.04–3.88% of MBL) by width 0.050– A NEW SPECIES OF COSMOCERCELLA Zootaxa 1940 © 2008 Magnolia Press · 17 TERMS OF USE This pdf is provided by Magnolia Press for private/research use. Commercial sale or deposition in a public library or website is prohibited. 0.060 (0.054±0.003). Esophageal bulb length to width ratio 0.95–1.14 (1.08±0.05). Nerve ring 0.125–0.147 (0.137±0.006) (7.22–8.73% of MBL) and excretory pore 0.222–0.250 (0.238±0.008) (12.41–15.61% of MBL) from cephalic extremity. Single flexed testis distributed posteriorly to the midbody. Spicules subequal, nonalate, distally pointed, bent ventrally; right spicule 0.150–0.302 (0.217±0.039, n=15) (9.33–17.19% of MBL), left spicule 0.192–0.302 (0.231±0.039, n=15) (11.96–18.06% of MBL). Gubernaculum length 0.050– 0.065 (0.054±0.004, n=4) by width 0.005. Oblique musculature present in pre–cloacal ventral portion. Anus 1.380–1.800 (1.522±0.089) from cephalic end; tail length 0.140–0.187 (0.161±0.017) (8.28–11.19% of MBL) by width 0.025–0.045 (0.030±0.006). Caudal end bent ventrally. Narrow caudal alae present, ventral, begin- ning at level of nearest pair of plectanes to anus and reaching the anterior third of the tail. Caudal papillae as follows: 4 pairs of large vesiculated rosette papillae (plectanes), 1 lateral pair of large and wide papillae in the midline between the last pair of plectanes and the anus (named large papillae in this study), between the large papillae and the anus there are 4 pairs of digital-form papillae and another pair in ad-cloacal position, 1 extra pair of digital-form papillae, one on each side of the cloaca, 1 unpaired sessile papilla in posterior lip of the cloaca, 2 ventral and 1 lateral sessile pairs in the midtail, and 2 ventral digital and 1 dorsal sessile pairs at base of spine-like distal portion of tail. Phasmids minute, lateral and anterior to midtail. Distance between cephalic region and first pair of plectanes 0.887–1.207 (0.967±0.070) (54.59–61.14% of MBL); distance to second pair of plectanes 0.987–1.105 (1.078±0.072) (61.09–67.09% of MBL); distance to third pair of plectanes 1.092– 1.440 (1.193±0.074) (67.60–73.29% of MBL); distance to fourth pair of plectanes 1.205–1.345 (1.304±0.074) (74.26–79.50% of MBL); distance between cephalic end and large papilla 1.292–1.482 (1.395±0.046, n=12) (83.13–85.36% of MBL).
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