Heritage Landscape Information Model (Hlim): Towards a Contextualised Framework for Digital Landscape Conservation in China
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Umithesis Lye Feedingghosts.Pdf
UMI Number: 3351397 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. ______________________________________________________________ UMI Microform 3351397 Copyright 2009 by ProQuest LLC All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. _______________________________________________________________ ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vi INTRODUCTION The Yuqie yankou – Present and Past, Imagined and Performed 1 The Performed Yuqie yankou Rite 4 The Historical and Contemporary Contexts of the Yuqie yankou 7 The Yuqie yankou at Puti Cloister, Malaysia 11 Controlling the Present, Negotiating the Future 16 Textual and Ethnographical Research 19 Layout of Dissertation and Chapter Synopses 26 CHAPTER ONE Theory and Practice, Impressions and Realities 37 Literature Review: Contemporary Scholarly Treatments of the Yuqie yankou Rite 39 Western Impressions, Asian Realities 61 CHAPTER TWO Material Yuqie yankou – Its Cast, Vocals, Instrumentation -
The Social Costs of Marine Litter Along the East China Sea: Evidence from Ten Coastal Scenic Spots of Zhejiang Province, China
Article The Social Costs of Marine Litter along the East China Sea: Evidence from Ten Coastal Scenic Spots of Zhejiang Province, China Manhong Shen 1,2, Di Mao 1, Huiming Xie 2,* and Chuanzhong Li 3 1 School of Economics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (D.M.) 2 School of Business, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (H.X.) 3 Department of Economics, University of Uppsala, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 28 February 2019; Accepted: 18 March 2019; Published: 25 March 2019 Abstract: Marine litter poses numerous threats to the global environment. To estimate the social costs of marine litter in China, two stated preference methods, namely the contingent valuation model (CVM) and the choice experiment model (CEM), were used in this research. This paper conducted surveys at ten different beaches along the East China Sea in Zhejiang province in October 2017. The results indicate that approximately 74.1% of the interviewees are willing to volunteer to participate in clean-up programmes and are willing to spend 1.5 days per month on average in their daily lives, which equates to a potential loss of income of USD 1.08 per day. The willingness to pay for the removal of the main types of litter ranges from USD 0.12–0.20 per visitor across the four sample cities, which is mainly determined by the degree of the removal, the crowdedness of the beach and the visitor’s perception. -
The Curious Double-Life of Putuoshan As Monastic Centre and Commercial Emporium, 1684–1728 113 ©2021 by RCHSS, Academia Sinica
Journal of Social Sciences and Philosophy Volume 33, Number 1, pp. 113–140 The Curious Double-Life of Putuoshan as Monastic Centre and Commercial Emporium, 1684–1728 113 ©2021 by RCHSS, Academia Sinica. All rights reserved. The Curious Double-Life of Putuoshan as Monastic Centre and Commercial Emporium, 1684–1728✽ Ryan Holroyd✽✽ Postdoctoral Research Associate Center for Asia-Pacific Area Studies, Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica ABSTRACT This article investigates how the island of Putuoshan simultaneously acted as a Buddhist monastic centre and a maritime shipping hub from the Qing dynasty’s legalisation of overseas trade in 1684 until the 1720s. It argues that because overseas trade during the Kangxi era was inconsistently regulated, a mutually beneficial relationship developed between Putuoshan’s Buddhist mon- asteries, the merchants who sailed between China and Japan, and the regional naval commanders on Zhoushan. Instead of forcing merchant vessels to enter ports with customs offices, the naval commanders allowed merchants to use Putuoshan’s harbour, which lay beyond the empire’s trade administration system. The monasteries enjoyed the patronage of the merchants, and so rewarded the naval commanders by publicly honouring them. However, a reorganisation of the empire’s customs system in the mid–1720s shifted the power over trade to Zhejiang’s governor general, who brought an end to Putuoshan’s special status outside the administration around 1728. Key Words: maritime trade, Qing dynasty, Putuoshan, Buddhist history ✽I would like to express my gratitude to Liu Shiuh-Feng, Wu Hsin-fang, Su Shu-Wei, and the two anonymous reviewers of my paper for taking the time to read it and for offering patient and helpful advice. -
3 Days Datong Pingyao Classical Tour
[email protected] +86-28-85593923 3 days Datong Pingyao classical tour https://windhorsetour.com/datong-pingyao-tour/datong-pingyao-classical-tour Datong Pingyao Exploring the highlights of Datong and Pingyao's World Culture Heritage sites gives you a chance to admire the superb artistic attainments of the craftsmen and understand the profound Chinese culture in-depth. Type Private Duration 3 days Theme Culture and Heritage, Family focused, Winter getaways Trip code DP-01 Price From € 304 per person Itinerary This is a 3 days’ culture discovery tour offering the possibility to have a glimpse of the profound culture of Datong and Pingyao and the outstanding artistic attainments of the craftsmen of ancient China in a short time. The World Cultural Heritage Site - Yungang Grottoes, Shanhua Monastery, Hanging Monastery, as well as Yingxian Wooden Pagoda gives you a chance to admire the rich Buddhist culture of ancient China deeply. The Pingyao Ancient City, one of the 4 ancient cities of China and a World Cultural Heritage site, displays a complete picture of the prosperity of culture, economy, and society of the Ming and Qing Dynasties for tourists. Day 01 : Datong arrival - Datong city tour Arrive Datong in the early morning, your experienced private guide, and a comfortable private car with an experienced driver will be ready (non-smoking) to serve for your 3 days ancient China discovery starts. The highlights today include Shanhua Monastery, Nine Dragons Wall, as well as Yungang Grottoes. Shanhua Monastery is the largest and most complete existing monastery in China. The Nine Dragons Wall in Datong is the largest Nine Dragons Wall in China, which embodies the superb carving skills of ancient China. -
“Little Tibet” with “Little Mecca”: Religion, Ethnicity and Social Change on the Sino-Tibetan Borderland (China)
“LITTLE TIBET” WITH “LITTLE MECCA”: RELIGION, ETHNICITY AND SOCIAL CHANGE ON THE SINO-TIBETAN BORDERLAND (CHINA) A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Yinong Zhang August 2009 © 2009 Yinong Zhang “LITTLE TIBET” WITH “LITTLE MECCA”: RELIGION, ETHNICITY AND SOCIAL CHANGE ON THE SINO-TIBETAN BORDERLAND (CHINA) Yinong Zhang, Ph. D. Cornell University 2009 This dissertation examines the complexity of religious and ethnic diversity in the context of contemporary China. Based on my two years of ethnographic fieldwork in Taktsang Lhamo (Ch: Langmusi) of southern Gansu province, I investigate the ethnic and religious revival since the Chinese political relaxation in the 1980s in two local communities: one is the salient Tibetan Buddhist revival represented by the rebuilding of the local monastery, the revitalization of religious and folk ceremonies, and the rising attention from the tourists; the other is the almost invisible Islamic revival among the Chinese Muslims (Hui) who have inhabited in this Tibetan land for centuries. Distinctive when compared to their Tibetan counterpart, the most noticeable phenomenon in the local Hui revival is a revitalization of Hui entrepreneurship, which is represented by the dominant Hui restaurants, shops, hotels, and bus lines. As I show in my dissertation both the Tibetan monastic ceremonies and Hui entrepreneurship are the intrinsic part of local ethnoreligious revival. Moreover these seemingly unrelated phenomena are in fact closely related and reflect the modern Chinese nation-building as well as the influences from an increasingly globalized and government directed Chinese market. -
The Daoist Tradition Also Available from Bloomsbury
The Daoist Tradition Also available from Bloomsbury Chinese Religion, Xinzhong Yao and Yanxia Zhao Confucius: A Guide for the Perplexed, Yong Huang The Daoist Tradition An Introduction LOUIS KOMJATHY Bloomsbury Academic An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square 175 Fifth Avenue London New York WC1B 3DP NY 10010 UK USA www.bloomsbury.com First published 2013 © Louis Komjathy, 2013 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Louis Komjathy has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Author of this work. No responsibility for loss caused to any individual or organization acting on or refraining from action as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by Bloomsbury Academic or the author. Permissions Cover: Kate Townsend Ch. 10: Chart 10: Livia Kohn Ch. 11: Chart 11: Harold Roth Ch. 13: Fig. 20: Michael Saso Ch. 15: Fig. 22: Wu’s Healing Art Ch. 16: Fig. 25: British Taoist Association British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: 9781472508942 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Komjathy, Louis, 1971- The Daoist tradition : an introduction / Louis Komjathy. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4411-1669-7 (hardback) -- ISBN 978-1-4411-6873-3 (pbk.) -- ISBN 978-1-4411-9645-3 (epub) 1. -
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On A Snowy Night: Yishan Yining (1247-1317) and the Development of Zen Calligraphy in Medieval Japan Xiaohan Du Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2021 © 2021 Xiaohan Du All Rights Reserved Abstract On A Snowy Night: Yishan Yining (1247-1317) and the Development of Zen Calligraphy in Medieval Japan Xiaohan Du This dissertation is the first monographic study of the monk-calligrapher Yishan Yining (1247- 1317), who was sent to Japan in 1299 as an imperial envoy by Emperor Chengzong (Temur, 1265-1307. r. 1294-1307), and achieved unprecedented success there. Through careful visual analysis of his extant oeuvre, this study situates Yishan’s calligraphy synchronically in the context of Chinese and Japanese calligraphy at the turn of the 14th century and diachronically in the history of the relationship between calligraphy and Buddhism. This study also examines Yishan’s prolific inscriptional practice, in particular the relationship between text and image, and its connection to the rise of ink monochrome landscape painting genre in 14th century Japan. This study fills a gap in the history of Chinese calligraphy, from which monk- calligraphers and their practices have received little attention. It also contributes to existing Japanese scholarship on bokuseki by relating Zen calligraphy to religious and political currents in Kamakura Japan. Furthermore, this study questions the validity of the “China influences Japan” model in the history of calligraphy and proposes a more fluid and nuanced model of synthesis between the wa and the kan (Japanese and Chinese) in examining cultural practices in East Asian culture. -
Knowing the Paths of Pilgrimage the Network of Pilgrimage Routes in Nineteenth-Century China
review of Religion and chinese society 3 (2016) 189-222 Knowing the Paths of Pilgrimage The Network of Pilgrimage Routes in Nineteenth-Century China Marcus Bingenheimer Temple University [email protected] Abstract In the early nineteenth century the monk Ruhai Xiancheng 如海顯承 traveled through China and wrote a route book recording China’s most famous pilgrimage routes. Knowing the Paths of Pilgrimage (Canxue zhijin 參學知津) describes, station by station, fifty-six pilgrimage routes, many converging on famous mountains and urban centers. It is the only known route book that was authored by a monk and, besides the descriptions of the routes themselves, Knowing the Paths contains information about why and how Buddhists went on pilgrimage in late imperial China. Knowing the Paths was published without maps, but by geo-referencing the main stations for each route we are now able to map an extensive network of monastic pilgrimage routes in the nineteenth century. Though most of the places mentioned are Buddhist sites, Knowing the Paths also guides travelers to the five marchmounts, popular Daoist sites such as Mount Wudang, Confucian places of worship such as Qufu, and other famous places. The routes in Knowing the Paths traverse not only the whole of the country’s geogra- phy, but also the whole spectrum of sacred places in China. Keywords Knowing the Paths of Pilgrimage – pilgrimage route book – Qing Buddhism – Ruhai Xiancheng – “Ten Essentials of Pilgrimage” 初探«參學知津»的19世紀行腳僧人路線網絡 摘要 十九世紀早期，如海顯承和尚在遊歷中國後寫了一本關於中國一些最著名 的朝聖之路的路線紀錄。這本「參學知津」（朝聖之路指引）一站一站地 -
Origin Narratives: Reading and Reverence in Late-Ming China
Origin Narratives: Reading and Reverence in Late-Ming China Noga Ganany Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2018 © 2018 Noga Ganany All rights reserved ABSTRACT Origin Narratives: Reading and Reverence in Late Ming China Noga Ganany In this dissertation, I examine a genre of commercially-published, illustrated hagiographical books. Recounting the life stories of some of China’s most beloved cultural icons, from Confucius to Guanyin, I term these hagiographical books “origin narratives” (chushen zhuan 出身傳). Weaving a plethora of legends and ritual traditions into the new “vernacular” xiaoshuo format, origin narratives offered comprehensive portrayals of gods, sages, and immortals in narrative form, and were marketed to a general, lay readership. Their narratives were often accompanied by additional materials (or “paratexts”), such as worship manuals, advertisements for temples, and messages from the gods themselves, that reveal the intimate connection of these books to contemporaneous cultic reverence of their protagonists. The content and composition of origin narratives reflect the extensive range of possibilities of late-Ming xiaoshuo narrative writing, challenging our understanding of reading. I argue that origin narratives functioned as entertaining and informative encyclopedic sourcebooks that consolidated all knowledge about their protagonists, from their hagiographies to their ritual traditions. Origin narratives also alert us to the hagiographical substrate in late-imperial literature and religious practice, wherein widely-revered figures played multiple roles in the culture. The reverence of these cultural icons was constructed through the relationship between what I call the Three Ps: their personas (and life stories), the practices surrounding their lore, and the places associated with them (or “sacred geographies”). -
Book Reviews Island of Guanyin: Mount Putuo and Its
International Journal of Chinese Studies/Revue Internationale de Sinologie T’oung Pao 103-4-5 (2017) 498-501 498 Book Reviews Island of Guanyin: Mount Putuo and Its Gazetteers. By Marcus Bingenheimer. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. xiv + 283 pp., illus. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in studies of local textual tra- ditions in China, focusing on gazetteers. Within the Chinese academic sphere, this has resulted in the reprinting of many rare gazetteers, as well as the production of thematic collections, and numerous books and academic papers on the subject, which has in turn further facilitated international research. Although gazetteers are often by their very nature highly politicized documents, they can prove a real treasure-trove of information, much of which is impossible to find elsewhere. They record the way in which individual geographical locations have developed over time, as well as documenting changing interpretations of the locale by both local residents and visitors. At the same time as we have seen this increased interest in gazetteers, in a related development, there have also been a number of English- language monographs published which focus specifically on the history of reli- gious sites: Buddhist, Daoist, Confucian, popular religion, and mixed use. These include such outstanding studies as James Hargett, Stairway to Heaven: A Journey to the Summit of Mount Emei (Albany: State Univ. of New York Press, 2006); Amy Mc- Nair, Donors of Longmen: Faith, Politics, and Patronage in Medieval Chinese Buddhist Sculpture (Honolulu: Univ. of Hawai‘i Press, 2007); James Robson, Power of Place: The Religious Landscape of the Southern Sacred Peak (Nanyue) in Medieval China (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. -
The Role of Jørn Utzon's 1958 Study Trip to China in His Architectural Maturity
$UFKLWHFWXUDO Chiu, C-Y 2016 China Receives Utzon: The Role of Jørn Utzon’s 1958 Study Trip to China in His Architectural Maturity. Architectural Histories, 4(1): 12, +LVWRULHV pp. 1–25, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ah.182 RESEARCH ARTICLE China Receives Utzon: The Role of Jørn Utzon’s 1958 Study Trip to China in His Architectural Maturity Chen-Yu Chiu Both before and after his study trip to China in 1958, Danish architect Jørn Utzon (1918–2008) consistently cited dynastic Chinese architecture as one of his essential design ideals. This article commences with a reconstruction, using archival and anecdotal evidence, of Jørn Utzon’s 1958 study trip to China with his close friend, the noted Norwegian architect Geir Grung (1926–89). The investigation seeks to explain both why, as a student, Utzon was so interested in the civilisation of China and how his carefully planned journey yielded Utzon both an intuitive grasp of ideas of Chinese architecture, and, most importantly, a continuing interest in China’s traditional systems of building construction. The answers could add to a methodological and theoretical framework for understanding Utzon’s work. Introduction This article then establishes built-form analogies Both before and after his study trip to China in 1958, the between Utzon’s 1958 study of Chinese architecture in situ Danish architect Jørn Utzon (1918–2008) consistently and his design proposals over the three decades following cited dynastic Chinese architecture as one of his essential the trip, with a view to retracing the path of Utzon’s grow- design ideas and ideals (Faber and Utzon, 1947; Utzon ing understanding of Chinese architecture during this 1962; 1970). -
An Important Emotional Experience in Sustainable Tourism
sustainability Article Awe: An Important Emotional Experience in Sustainable Tourism Dong Lu 1 ID , Yide Liu 2,*, Ivan Lai 3,* and Li Yang 4 1 School of Business, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China; [email protected] 2 School of Business, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau 3 Faculty of International Tourism and Management, City University of Macau, Avenida Padre Tomás Pereira, Taipa 999078, Macau 4 School of Economics and Management, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (Y.L.); [email protected] (I.L.); Tel.: +853-6299-6596 (Y.L.) Received: 27 September 2017; Accepted: 24 November 2017; Published: 27 November 2017 Abstract: “Awesome” is one of the most highly desirable experiences for tourists. This study investigates how tourists’ awe emotion is induced when tourists visit sacred mountains and how the awe experience influences their satisfaction. A survey is administrated at a famous sacred mountain in China—Mount Emei. Results reveal that the awe experience is more elicited by the perceived vastness of natural environment for secular tourists, while is more encouraged by the perceived sanctity of religious ambience for pilgrim tourists. Awe experience is a mediator between the sense of perceptual vastness/sanctity and tourists’ satisfaction. The mediation relationships through awe experience are moderated by the visitor types (pilgrims and secular tourists). Findings suggest that destination marketers should apply tourism strategies to encourage tourists’ sense of awe. Keywords: sustainable tourism; awe experiences; perceived environment; pilgrims; secular tourists 1. Introduction As a mountainous country, mountain destinations occupy an important position in the scenic spots of China.