Kunst in Christentum Und Nationalsozialismus

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Kunst in Christentum Und Nationalsozialismus DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit „RELIGIÖSE“ MALEREI Über die Vereinnahmung der Christlichen Malerei zur Erschaffung einer „Nationalsozialistischen Malerei“ Verfasserin Mag. Katharina Szlezak angestrebter akademischer Grad Magistra der Philosophie (Mag. phil.) Wien, im September 2009 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 315 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Kunstgeschichte Betreuer: Ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Walter Krause KATHARINA SZLEZAK „RELIGIÖSE“ MALEREI Über die Vereinnahmung der Christlichen Malerei zur Erschaffung einer „Nationalsozialistischen Malerei“ DANKSAGUNG DANKSAGUNG Für Clemens, meine Eltern, Marlene und alle, die mich auf meinem Studienweg begleitet haben, mit großem Dank für ihre Motivation und Inspiration. I INHALTSVERZEICHNIS INHALTSVERZEICHNIS DANKSAGUNG ...................................................................................................................................I INHALTSVERZEICHNIS .....................................................................................................................II ABBILDUNGSVERZEICHNIS ............................................................................................................III ABKÜRZUNGSVERZEICHNIS .......................................................................................................... V EINLEITUNG ......................................................................................................................................1 „RELIGIÖSE“ KUNST IN CHRISTENTUM UND NATIONALSOZIALISMUS ........................................5 Der Nationalsozialismus als „Religion“......................................................................................................................5 Die Erschaffung einer „Nationalsozialistischen Kunst“...........................................................................................16 Das christlich-religiöse Bildrepertoire als Vorlage ..................................................................................................23 Die Adaptionsformen christlich-religiöser Motivik ...................................................................................................30 CHRISTLICH-RELIGIÖSE ANALOGIEN IN DER „NATIONALSOZIALISTISCHEN MALEREI“ ..........38 Der Sakralbau...........................................................................................................................................................38 Der „Herrgottswinkel“................................................................................................................................................42 Das Triptychon..........................................................................................................................................................47 Die Glasmalerei ........................................................................................................................................................63 Die Dreieckskomposition..........................................................................................................................................66 Das Einzelstandbild..................................................................................................................................................67 Der Madonnentypus .................................................................................................................................................78 Die Szenerie der Geburt Christi...............................................................................................................................95 Die Schmerzensmutter.............................................................................................................................................98 Die Auferstehungs- und Himmelfahrtssymbolik....................................................................................................101 Die Licht- und Sonnensymbolik .............................................................................................................................110 Der Heilige Geist.....................................................................................................................................................113 Der Kampf des Erzengels Michael ........................................................................................................................117 Der Sämann............................................................................................................................................................121 Die Handgesten......................................................................................................................................................125 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG ..................................................................................................................130 QUELLENVERZEICHNIS ...............................................................................................................135 Monographien & Sammelbände............................................................................................................................135 Primärquellen ........................................................................................................................................................135 Sekundärquellen ....................................................................................................................................................136 Zeitungen & Zeitschriften.......................................................................................................................................141 Diplomarbeiten & Disserationen............................................................................................................................141 Ausstellungskataloge..............................................................................................................................................142 Lexika......................................................................................................................................................................143 Internet ....................................................................................................................................................................144 Abbildungen............................................................................................................................................................145 ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................147 LEBENSLAUF ................................................................................................................................148 II ABBILDUNGSVERZEICHNIS ABBILDUNGSVERZEICHNIS Abb. 1: Franz Stassen, Die Jüdin Kundry verlacht einen blonden „germanischen“ Christus , 1930......37 Abb. 2: Hugo Höppner gen. Fidus, Lichtgebet , 1922..........................................................................37 Abb. 3: Paul Matthias Padua, Der Führer spricht , 1939 .....................................................................46 Abb. 4: Unbekannter Künstler, Adolf Hitler , o.J..................................................................................46 Abb. 5: Wilhelm Sauter, Heldenschrein , 1936....................................................................................57 Abb. 6: Sepp Hilz, Bäuerliche Trilogie – Die Mägde , Das Füllhorn , Die Knechte (v.l.n.r.), 1941..........58 Abb. 7: Adolf Ziegler, Die vier Elemente , 1937 ..................................................................................59 Abb. 8: Hans Schmitz-Wiedenbrück, Arbeiter, Bauern und Soldaten , 1941........................................60 Abb. 9: Wilhelm Petersen, Die Familie , o.J........................................................................................61 Abb. 10: Paul Matthias Padua, Der 10. Mai 1940 , 1941.....................................................................62 Abb. 11: Gerhard Keil, Turnerinnen , o.J. ...........................................................................................62 Abb. 12: Rudolf Herrmann Eisenmenger, Läufer vor dem Ziel , 1936..................................................62 Abb. 13: Anonymer Künstler, Der deutsche Mensch , 1934................................................................65 Abb. 14: Anonymer Künstler, Die Bewegung , 1934 ...........................................................................65 Abb. 15: Conrad Hommel, Der Führer und Oberste Befehlshaber der Wehrmacht , 1940...................74 Abb. 16: Franz Triebsch, Bildnis Adolf Hitlers , 1941 ..........................................................................74 Abb. 17: Otto von Kurssell, Bildnis des Führers , 1941 .......................................................................74 Abb. 18: Hubert Lanzinger, Der Bannerträger , 1934/1936 .................................................................74 Abb. 19: Rudolf Gerhard Zill, Bildnis des Führers , 1942.....................................................................74 Abb. 20: Karl Truppe, Der Führer , 1943 ............................................................................................74 Abb. 21: Heinrich Knirr, Adolf Hitler , 1935 .........................................................................................74 Abb. 22: Willy Exner, Der Führer , o.J. ...............................................................................................74
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