Sustainable Nutrition Manual Part 3
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Lepidoptera of North America 5
Lepidoptera of North America 5. Contributions to the Knowledge of Southern West Virginia Lepidoptera Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University Lepidoptera of North America 5. Contributions to the Knowledge of Southern West Virginia Lepidoptera by Valerio Albu, 1411 E. Sweetbriar Drive Fresno, CA 93720 and Eric Metzler, 1241 Kildale Square North Columbus, OH 43229 April 30, 2004 Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University Cover illustration: Blueberry Sphinx (Paonias astylus (Drury)], an eastern endemic. Photo by Valeriu Albu. ISBN 1084-8819 This publication and others in the series may be ordered from the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 Abstract A list of 1531 species ofLepidoptera is presented, collected over 15 years (1988 to 2002), in eleven southern West Virginia counties. A variety of collecting methods was used, including netting, light attracting, light trapping and pheromone trapping. The specimens were identified by the currently available pictorial sources and determination keys. Many were also sent to specialists for confirmation or identification. The majority of the data was from Kanawha County, reflecting the area of more intensive sampling effort by the senior author. This imbalance of data between Kanawha County and other counties should even out with further sampling of the area. Key Words: Appalachian Mountains, -
<I>Trichilia Emetica
https://doi.org/10.30799/jnpr.062.18040201 J. Nat. Prod. Resour. - Volume 4 Issue 2 (2018) 179–181 ISSN: 2455-0299 Share Your Innovations through JACS Directory Journal of Natural Products and Resources Visit Journal at http://www.jacsdirectory.com/jnpr Isolation and Identification of Flavonoids Components from Trichilia emetica Whole Seeds Abdullahi Usman1,2,*, Vera Thoss1, Mohammad Nur-e-Alam3 1School of Chemistry, Bangor University, Bangor LL 57 2UW, United Kingdom. 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, P.M.B. 1022 Keffi, Nigeria. 3Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O.Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. A R T I C L E D E T A I L S A B S T R A C T Article history: Five known flavonoids were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of aqueous extract of T. Received 24 May 2018 emetica whole seeds. On the basis of 1D and 2D-NMR experiments and MS data analyses, these Accepted 09 June 2018 compounds were identified as naringenin (B), taxifolin 4’-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (C), elephantorrhizol Available online 13 June 2018 (D), catechin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (E) and eriodictyol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (F). DPPH radical scavenging activity was used to estimate the antioxidant capacity of each of these compounds. The result shows that elephantorrhizol has stronger DPPH scavenging activity than other isolated flavonoids. Keywords: Trichilia emetica Naringenin Elephantorrhizol 1. Introduction plates 20 × 20 cm, E. Merck, Germany). Visualization of the compound was done using UV lamp UVL-14 EL hand held 220 V 50 Hz 4 W 254 nm white The genus Trichilia belongs to the Meliaceae (Mahogany family), it light by UVP. -
Natural Cosmetic Ingredients Exotic Butters & Oleins
www.icsc.dk Natural Cosmetic Ingredients Exotic Butters & Oleins Conventional, Organic and Internal Stabilized Exotic Butters & Oleins Exotic Oils and butters are derived from uncontrolled plantations or jungles of Asia, Africa and South – Central America. The word exotic is used to define clearly that these crops are dependent on geographical and seasonal variations, which has an impact on their yearly production capacity. Our selection of natural exotic butters and oils are great to be used in the following applications: Anti-aging and anti-wrinkle creams Sun Protection Factor SPF Softening and hydration creams Skin brightening applications General skin care products Internal Stabilization I.S. extends the lifecycle of the products 20-30 times as compare to conventional. www.icsc.dk COCOA BUTTER Theobroma Cacao • Emollient • Stable emulsions and exceptionally good oxidative stability • Reduce degeneration and restores flexibility of the skin • Fine softening effect • Skincare, massage, cream, make-up, sunscreens CONVENTIONAL ORGANIC STABILIZED AVOCADO BUTTER Persea Gratissima • Skincare, massage, cream, make-up • Gives stables emulsions • Rapid absorption into skin • Good oxidative stability • High Oleic acid content • Protective effect against sunlight • Used as a remedy against rheumatism and epidermal pains • Emollient CONVENTIONAL ORGANIC STABILIZED ILLIPE BUTTER Shorea Stenoptera • Emollient • Fine softening effect and good spreadability on the skin • Stable emulsions and exceptionally good oxidative stability • Creams, stick -
The One Hundred Tree Species Prioritized for Planting in the Tropics and Subtropics As Indicated by Database Mining
The one hundred tree species prioritized for planting in the tropics and subtropics as indicated by database mining Roeland Kindt, Ian K Dawson, Jens-Peter B Lillesø, Alice Muchugi, Fabio Pedercini, James M Roshetko, Meine van Noordwijk, Lars Graudal, Ramni Jamnadass The one hundred tree species prioritized for planting in the tropics and subtropics as indicated by database mining Roeland Kindt, Ian K Dawson, Jens-Peter B Lillesø, Alice Muchugi, Fabio Pedercini, James M Roshetko, Meine van Noordwijk, Lars Graudal, Ramni Jamnadass LIMITED CIRCULATION Correct citation: Kindt R, Dawson IK, Lillesø J-PB, Muchugi A, Pedercini F, Roshetko JM, van Noordwijk M, Graudal L, Jamnadass R. 2021. The one hundred tree species prioritized for planting in the tropics and subtropics as indicated by database mining. Working Paper No. 312. World Agroforestry, Nairobi, Kenya. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/WP21001.PDF The titles of the Working Paper Series are intended to disseminate provisional results of agroforestry research and practices and to stimulate feedback from the scientific community. Other World Agroforestry publication series include Technical Manuals, Occasional Papers and the Trees for Change Series. Published by World Agroforestry (ICRAF) PO Box 30677, GPO 00100 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254(0)20 7224000, via USA +1 650 833 6645 Fax: +254(0)20 7224001, via USA +1 650 833 6646 Email: [email protected] Website: www.worldagroforestry.org © World Agroforestry 2021 Working Paper No. 312 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of World Agroforestry. Articles appearing in this publication series may be quoted or reproduced without charge, provided the source is acknowledged. -
Trichilia Emetica to Different Dehydration and Storage Conditions
South African Journal of Botany 72 (2006) 167 – 176 www.elsevier.com/locate/sajb Viability and ultrastructural responses of seeds and embryonic axes of Trichilia emetica to different dehydration and storage conditions J.I. Kioko *, P. Berjak, N.W. Pammenter School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa Received 16 June 2005; accepted 1 July 2005 Abstract The seeds of Trichilia emetica, a multi-purpose tropical forest species, displayed typical recalcitrant behaviour, being shed at an average axis water concentration of 2.82 g per g dry matter (g gÀ 1), and losing viability when dehydrated to axis water concentrations below 0.42 and 0.26 g gÀ 1, when dried slowly or rapidly, respectively. The ultrastructure at shedding was indicative of active metabolism, as would be expected of mature recalcitrant seeds which grade into germinative metabolism after shedding. Rapid dehydration enabled the maintenance of ultrastructural integrity to water concentrations as low as 0.3 g gÀ 1, while cells of axes dried slowly to similar water concentrations displayed total subcellular destruction. In the fully hydrated state, the storage lifespan of the seeds was limited to 60 days at 16 -C, after which all the seeds had germinated in storage. Ultrastructural examination, however, indicated that prolonged mild water stress had occurred, which the seeds are suggested to have suffered as germination proceeded in storage. When stored at 6 -C, the seeds showed extensive ultrastructural derangement, which was accompanied by loss of viability after 20 days, presumably as a result of chilling injury, while storage at 25 -C resulted in all seeds germinating in storage in 35–40 days. -
Show Ethnoactivity
U Emetic Plant Abrus precatorius (Paternoster; Rakat; Reglisse; Pois Rouge; Weesboontje; Ma Liao Tou; Jequerit; Hung Tou; Graines Reglisse; Peonia De St Tomas; Paratella; Peonia; Hint Meyankoku; Liane Reglisse; Gunchi; Rosary Pea; To-Azuki; Cain Ghe) Acacia farnesiana (Tusca; Kembang bandira; Cuji; Esponjeira; Kambang japun; Kembang nagasiri) Acalypha indica (Lelatang) Achyranthes aspera (Apamarga; Rarai; Feuilles La Fievre; Rabo De Gato; Chaff Tree; Jarongan; Santypite) Acorus calamus (Jerangau; Calomo Aromatico; Sweet Flag; Vacha; Ganoeak; Doringo; Seki-Sho; Jeringau; Bach; Djerango; Shui Ch'Ang Pu; Acoro Aromatico; Vaj; Kalmus; Calamus; Ch'Ang P'U Chiu; Agri Turki; Kalmoes; Calmus; Acore Vrai; Acorus; Sarango; Jariangau; Calamo Aromatico; Azakegeri; Kalmos; Kaliraga; Sho-Bu) Adenocalymna alliaceum Aesculus argutus Ageratum conyzoides (Rompesaraguelo; Rumput tahi ayam; Wedusan; Berokan; Aru batu; Bandotan) Ailanthus altissima (Gok Aghaji; Ch'Ou Ch'Uang Shu Ken; Ch'U; Lisan At Tair; Niwa-Urusi) Ailanthus glandsulosa (Kokar Agac) Alangium salviifolium Alchornea cordifolia Aletris farinosa (Sterwortel; Unicorne; Sternwurzel; Star Grass; Blazing Star; True Unicorn) Aleurites fordii (Jabilla Extranjera; Tung) Allamanda blanchetii Allamanda cathartica (Yellow Allamanda) Alnus rubra (Rode Els; Aune Rouge; Red Alder; Rote Erle) Alnus rugosa Alpinia malaccensis Amaranthus dubius (Zepina; Epinard Marron; Bledo) Ammi visnaga (Khellakraut; Khillah; Busnaga; Pick Toothh; Viznaga; Khaizaran; Biznaga; Anmi; Bisnaga Das Searas) Anagyris foetida (Domuzdikeni; -
Trichilia Dregeana | Plantz Africa About:Reader?Url=
Trichilia dregeana | Plantz Africa about:reader?url=http://pza.sanbi.org/trichilia-dregeana pza.sanbi.org Trichilia dregeana | Plantz Africa Introduction Trichilia dregeana is a lovely large tree that inhabits evergreen forests in high rainfall areas. It is a highly ornamental species with considerable cultural and ecological value to match. Description Description A significant feature of the forest mahogany, particularly evident in those growing in open situations, is the beautiful dark foliage and large rounded crown. Impressive heights of up to 35 m have been recorded, the tall main stem assuming a relatively straight and sometimes buttressed habit, up to 1.8 m in diameter. The grey bark is smooth in texture, but often rough and segmented around the base of the main stem on older specimens. 1 of 5 2016/12/15 01:48 PM Trichilia dregeana | Plantz Africa about:reader?url=http://pza.sanbi.org/trichilia-dregeana The compound leaves can reach lengths of 70 cm and are imparipinnate with 3-5 pairs of leaflets and a terminal one, the petiole being 8-10 cm in length. The leaflets are entire, opposite to alternate, glossy and dark green in colour, and can attain a size of 21 cm in length and 8.5 cm in width. They exhibit 8-12 pairs of side veins, petiolules around 1 cm in length, and an undersurface that is hairless to slightly hairy and notably paler than above. The creamy-white flowers, produced from October to December, are borne in dense, branched axillary inflorescences, with petals that are velvety on both surfaces and 1.4 cm-2.4 cm in length. -
The Biology and External Morphology of Bees
3?00( The Biology and External Morphology of Bees With a Synopsis of the Genera of Northwestern America Agricultural Experiment Station v" Oregon State University V Corvallis Northwestern America as interpreted for laxonomic synopses. AUTHORS: W. P. Stephen is a professor of entomology at Oregon State University, Corval- lis; and G. E. Bohart and P. F. Torchio are United States Department of Agriculture entomolo- gists stationed at Utah State University, Logan. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: The research on which this bulletin is based was supported in part by National Science Foundation Grants Nos. 3835 and 3657. Since this publication is largely a review and synthesis of published information, the authors are indebted primarily to a host of sci- entists who have recorded their observations of bees. In most cases, they are credited with specific observations and interpretations. However, information deemed to be common knowledge is pre- sented without reference as to source. For a number of items of unpublished information, the generosity of several co-workers is ac- knowledged. They include Jerome G. Rozen, Jr., Charles Osgood, Glenn Hackwell, Elbert Jay- cox, Siavosh Tirgari, and Gordon Hobbs. The authors are also grateful to Dr. Leland Chandler and Dr. Jerome G. Rozen, Jr., for reviewing the manuscript and for many helpful suggestions. Most of the drawings were prepared by Mrs. Thelwyn Koontz. The sources of many of the fig- ures are given at the end of the Literature Cited section on page 130. The cover drawing is by Virginia Taylor. The Biology and External Morphology of Bees ^ Published by the Agricultural Experiment Station and printed by the Department of Printing, Ore- gon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 1969. -
Biogeography and Ecology in a Pantropical Family, the Meliaceae
Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 71(Suppl. 2):335-461. 2019 335 doi: 10.26492/gbs71(suppl. 2).2019-22 Biogeography and ecology in a pantropical family, the Meliaceae M. Heads Buffalo Museum of Science, 1020 Humboldt Parkway, Buffalo, NY 14211-1293, USA. [email protected] ABSTRACT. This paper reviews the biogeography and ecology of the family Meliaceae and maps many of the clades. Recently published molecular phylogenies are used as a framework to interpret distributional and ecological data. The sections on distribution concentrate on allopatry, on areas of overlap among clades, and on centres of diversity. The sections on ecology focus on populations of the family that are not in typical, dry-ground, lowland rain forest, for example, in and around mangrove forest, in peat swamp and other kinds of freshwater swamp forest, on limestone, and in open vegetation such as savanna woodland. Information on the altitudinal range of the genera is presented, and brief notes on architecture are also given. The paper considers the relationship between the distribution and ecology of the taxa, and the interpretation of the fossil record of the family, along with its significance for biogeographic studies. Finally, the paper discusses whether the evolution of Meliaceae can be attributed to ‘radiations’ from restricted centres of origin into new morphological, geographical and ecological space, or whether it is better explained by phases of vicariance in widespread ancestors, alternating with phases of range expansion. Keywords. Altitude, limestone, mangrove, rain forest, savanna, swamp forest, tropics, vicariance Introduction The family Meliaceae is well known for its high-quality timbers, especially mahogany (Swietenia Jacq.). -
Malawi Agroforestry Extension Project Marketing & Enterprise Program
Publication No. 47 Malawi Agroforestry Extension Project Marketing & Enterprise Program Main Report J.H. Pratt, E.M.T. Henry, H.F. Mbeza, E. Mlaka and L.B. Satali July 2002 "This publication was funded by the United States Agency for International Development and produced by Washington State University. The opinions expressed are the views of the authors and not necessarily those of USAID." I Companion documents: 1. MAFE Dossier on Mechanical Oil Extraction Systems - November 2001 H.F. Mbeza, M. Chawala & K. Nyirenda University of Malawi Bunda College of Agriculture (BCA) Agricultural Engineering Department Reports: ??Design Modifications to Sundhara Sayari Oil Expeller for Moringa Oleifera and other Agroforestry Tree Seeds ??Oil Extraction ….. using Tinytech Expeller ??Optimization of Oil Extraction from Moringa Oleifera, Trichilia Emetica and Jatropha curcas using Ram and Spindle Presses. 2. Qualitative/Quantitative Assessment of Potential of Plant Oils (MAFE) - July 2001. R.P. Banda. Malawi Bureau of Standards (MBS). 3. Chemical Analysis and Recommended Uses of Tree Seed Oils - July 2002. E.M.T. Henry, PhD. University of Malawi Chancellor College Chemistry Department (CCCD). 4. Summary report for MAFE: Major Secondary Metobolites in Plant Tissues from Malawi, Nicaragua and Senegal - July 2002. R. Bennett, Ph D. Institute of Food Research (IFR), Norwich, UK. 5. Tree Seed Production Areas in Malawi II: The Lower Shire - June 2001. S.F.D. Chomanika, M. Likoswe & C.Z. Chilima, PhD. Forestry Research Institute of Malawi Seed and Tree Improvement -
Species Encountered During the PLUS Rapid Appraisal, Formal Survey, and Resource Assessment Appendix E. Animals Insects
Species Encountered during the PLUS Rapid Appraisal, Formal Survey, and Resource Assessment Appendix E. Latin Name Common Names English Name Animals Aepyceros melampus nswala impala Barbus spp. matemba small cypriaids Calcochloris obtusirastris fuko yellow golden mole Cercopithecus aethiops pusi monkey Cercopithecus albogularis nchima blue monkey Chiroptera spp. sanu/sana/nsana bats Clarias gariepiaus mlamba / malambe mud fish, cat fish Diceros becornis chipembere black rhino Erinaceus frontalis kanungu hedgehog Felis serval njuzi serval Francolins coqui or africanus nkhwali francolin general birds mbalame general birds Genetta spp. mwili genet Hemidactylus mabouia dududu agama lizard Hippopotamus amphibius mvuu/ndomondo hippo Hippotragus niger mphalapala sable antelope Hystrix africae-australis nungu porcupine Kobus ellipsiprymnus tchuzu waterbuck Labeo mesops nchila Lepus saxatilis or whytei kalulu scrub hare Loxodonta africana njobvu elephant Opsaridium microlepis mpasa lake salmon Oreochromis spp. chambo/kasawala chambo Panthera pardus kambuku/nyalugwe leopard Papio cynocephalus and ursinus nyani yellow & chacma baboon Petrodromus tetradactylus sakwi elephant shrew Phacochoerus aethiopicus kaphulika/mjiridi/minjiri warthog Potamochoerus porcus nguluwe wildpig Procavia capensis mbila rock rabbit or dassie/hyrax Redunca arundinum mphoyo reed buck Sylvicapra grimmia agwape/yisya/gwape/nyiska common duiker Syncerus caffer njati buffalo Thryonomys swinderiqnus nchenzi/sezi cane rat Tragelaphus scriptus chikwiwa/mbawala bushbuck Unknown -
Potentials for Promoting Oil Products Identified from Traditional
Potentials for Promoting Oil Products Identified from Traditional Knowledge of Native Trees in Burkina Faso Amadé Ouédraogo, Anne Mette Lykke, Benjamin Lankoandé and Gabin Korbéogo Research Abstract Oil products from native trees are far from fully exploited in ceived less attention (Schreckenberg 1999). A few NTFPs West Africa. Only well-known species like shea (Vitellaria from Africa are already to a large extent commercialized. paradoxa C.F. Gaertn.) and oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Concerning oil products, the most well known are palm oil Jacq.) receive attention. We used quantitative question- (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.), which has been traded since naires in 12 villages in Western Burkina Faso to assess the early nineteenth century (Lynn 1997), and shea butter the knowledge of four ethnic groups on 28 tree species (Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn.), which is the third most and how their oil is used. Sixteen species were used the important national export product in Burkina Faso (Sau- most. Among them, V. paradoxa, E. guineensis, Carapa ssey et al. 2008, Schreckenberg 2004) and was used as procera DC., Pentadesma butyracea Sabine and Lophi- a commodity during pre-colonial times (Saul et al. 2003). ra lanceolata Tiegh. ex Keay received the most citations. However, there are other varieties of oil seeds in tropi- Oils were used for soap (22%), food (21%), medicine cal Africa which are part of traditional food systems, but (19%), body care (18%) and hair care (14%). Significant whose nutritional and economic values have not been differences were found among ethnic groups concerning completely determined and are far less exploited for knowledge and preferences of oil products.