An Urban Transportation Bibliography

PB 199 031

AN URBAN TRANSPORTATION BIBLIOGRAPHY

May 3, 1971

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Urban Mass Transportation Administration Washington, D.C. 20590 "AN URBAN TRANSPORTATION BIBLIOGRAPHY" was published by the National Technical Information Service for Urban Mass Transportation Administration.

Documents listed in this bibliography are generally available from NTIS and priced at $3.00 in paper copy and 95 cents in microfiche. However, prices for paper copy are subject to change. Should the document you order cost National Technical Information Service more than $3.00, the NTIS will ship your order and bill U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMIVIERCE the difference. Please order by accession number and Springfield, Virginia 22151 title. AN URBAN TRANSPORTATION BIBLIOGRAPHY

May 3, 1971

CONTENTS

Foreward ii

Urban Transportation 1

Subject Index SU-1

Author Index PA-1

Organization Index OR-1 FOREWORD

This reference material is the first step in a planned program to make a complete compilation of technical and scientific publications concerning urban mass transportation. The list includes abstracts of reports, studies, articles, monographs and other publication formats.

The reference is designed to serve the scientific and technical needs of State, city and local government officials, transportation planners, industry leaders, consultants, researchers, and students of urban transportation problems.

In retrospect, urban transportation investments by the Federal Government started in 1951. In that year. Congress approved a pilot program of mass transit assistance to State and local public bodies. Twenty-five million dollars was provided in the Housing Act of 1961 for a limited program of mass transit demonstration grants and technical assistance, and a $50 million borrowing authority was enacted to assist local capital investment programs.

These programs were first administered by the Housing and Home Finance Agency, which later became the Department of Housing and Urban Development, (HUD). The programs were consider- ably expanded by the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964.

In 1966, Congress authorized three new supplemental programs: 1) Technical study grants for systems design, engineering and studies to improve transit management and operations; 2) Grants for advanced training of managerial personnel in local transit systems; and 3) Grants to institutions of higher learning for graduate research and training programs.

In 1968, the major elements of the program were transferred from HUD to the Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Urban Mass Transportation Act again was expanded notably by the Urban Mass Transportation Assistance Act of 1970.

This reference list reflects the knowledge and information gained through investigations of transportation and related problems; the research, development and demonstration of new systems; new management procedures, and new applications for existing transportation systems. Each abstract includes a full bibliographical citation and National Technical Information Service catalog number. Sufficient bibliographic information is provided to order the desired documents from local libraries, the National Technical Information Service, or other sources.

The Urban Mass Transportation Administration should not be contacted for any publications. The National Technical Information Service should be contacted directly by writing to them at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22151 (U. S. A.). URBAN TRANSPORTATION

AD-603 618 COSTS, DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, POPU- TURES, TRAFFIC), ('URBAN AREAS, PAS- Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif LATION, INDUSTRIES, GOVERNMENT EM- SENGER VEHICLES), OPTIMIZATION, A MODEL OF RESIDENTIAL LAND VALUES, PLOYEES, UNITED STATES GOVERN- TRANSPORTATION, COSTS, URBAN E. F. Brigham. Aug 64 2p Kept. no. rm-4043-RC MENT, SYMPOSIA. PLANNING. EARTH HANDLING EQUIP- MENT, ROCK (GEOLOGY). Descriptors; (»TRANSPORTAT10N, URBAN An exploratory study of urban transportation is AREAS), CURBAN PLANNING, HOUSING), described. The skills of engineers and social Possibilities for reducing the land used for urban (HOUSING, ECONOMICS), MATHEMATI- scientists were combined to carry out a systems transportation in the central city core by providing CAL MODELS, EQUATIONS, TRANSPORTA- analysis embracing both the engineering and ample automotive access with deep underground TION, TERRAIN, CLIMATOLOGY, economic questions of urban transportation. The tunnels and parking areas are examined. The cost SOCIOLOGY, DETERMINATION, PRO- study was not tied to solving the urban transporta- of conventional urban highways built through den- GRAMMING (COMPUTERS), STATISTICAL tion problems of any specific municipality or sely populated areas is described in terms of con- FUNCTIONS. urban area; it was decided that RAND should at- struction costs, right-of-way acquisition costs, and Identifiers: REGRESSION ANALYSIS. tempt to utilize and integrate the findings and data selected operating expenditures. Construction and obtained by the large and expensive urban- ventilating costs of vehicular tunnels are findings This Memorandum presents the of a pilot planning and transportation studies conducted presented. Beside this economic advantage of sub- that with the determinants of re- study deals during recent years in major urban areas. In par- terranean vehicular tubes, some design features of sidential land values in an urban area. As part of ticular, it was felt that the large amounts of data underground construction and travel are next con- Transportation effort, one pri- the RAND Urban obtained for these studies had not been fully ex- sidered, such as tunneling machines, rock purpose of this study was to develop a land- mary ploited. A substantial program of empirical removal, prefabricated lining and roadways, value submodel for incorporation in a model research, drawing on this large pool of empirical adaptability to mass-transit systems, land reclama- designed to simulate the effects of changes in the information, was also decided upon. tion, traffic control, and obstacle removal. The transportation system of an urban community. The study considers what may be needed if all mass- model relates land values to several different fac- transit ridership were hypothelically transferred to tors, particularly to a site's amenities and accessi- AD-606 258 passenger cars in Los Angeles, Chicago, and Man- bility to various forms of economic activity. Since Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif hattan. Recommendations are given for study of residential land values were of main concern, the ON A ROUTING PROBLEM, the underground-highway concept and develop- study concentrates on a sample of single-family Richard Bellman.20 Dec 56 2p Rept. no. P-1000 ments of prototype machines capable of rapid ex- properties. As a supplement, and as a basis of cavation of vehicular tunnels under most rock con- comparison, included is a sample of all land-use Descriptors: ('URBAN PLANNING, TRANS- ditions. (Author) properties for urban areas. There were important PORTATION), ('DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING, differences between the two samples, and, as URBAN PLANNING), EQUATIONS, ITERA- might expected, much more regular patterns be TIVE METHODS, TIME, URBAN AREAS, AD-609 754 occur in the homogeneous single-family grouping. MATHEMATICAL MODELS. Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif The findings revealed a sufficiently high degree of ANALYSIS OF SOME LAND TRANSPORTA- stability confirm the basic nature of the relation- to Given a set of N cities, with every two linked by a TION VEHICLES, TODAY AND TOMORROW, ships, but random variations made the models too road, and the times required to traverse these R. H. Haase.Aug 62 2p Rept. no. p-2625 unstable to use for accurate predictions of in- roads, we wish to determine the path from one Prepared for presentation at the Annual Meeting dividual parcel land values. given city to another given city which minimizes of the Institute of Traffic Engineers (32nd) held at the travel time. The times are not directly propor- the Denver Hilton Hotel, Denver, Colo., August tional to the distances due to varying quality of 13 - 17, 1962. AD-604 516 roads, and v varying quantities of traffic. The Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif functional equation technique of dynamic pro- Descriptors: ('TRANSPORTATION, URBAN A MODEL OF HOUSEHOLD LOCATION AND in PLANNING), ('PASSENGER VEHICLES, TRIPMAKING BEHAVIOR WITH REFERENCE gramming, combined with approximation policy an iterative algorithm which con- URBAN AREAS), ('RAILROAD CARS, TO DETROIT, space, yield verges after at most (N-1 ) iterations. (Author) URBAN AREAS), TRAFFIC, URBAN AREAS, John F. Kain. Sep 62 2p Rept. no. p-2627 WEIGHT, COSTS, DESIGN. In cooperation with the Ford Foundation and the U.S. Air Force Academy. AD-607 194 Some of the results of the study are presented as Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif they pertain to the passenger automobile, the Descriptors: ('URBAN PLANNING, MATHE- transit bus, and the rail rapid-transit car. MATICAL MODELS), ('HOUSING, URBAN RESUME OF THE RAND CONFERENCE ON AREAS), ('TRANSPORTATION, URBAN URBAN ECONOMICS, J. Niedercorn and A. H. Pascal.Oct 64 Rept. AREAS), TRAFFIC, LABOR, PASSENGER H. 2p no. p-2991 AD-609 758 VEHICLES, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif COSTS, DISTRIBUTION (ECONOMICS), Descriptors; ('URBAN PLANNING, SYMPO- A MULTIPLE EQUATION MODEL OF ECONOMICS, MICHIGAN (STATE). SIA), ('ECONOMICS, URBAN AREAS), (*UR HOUSEHOLD LOCATIONAL AND TRIPMAK- Identifiers: DETROIT. BAN AREAS, ECONOMICS), SOCIAL ING BEHAVIOR, TRANSPORTATION, POPULA- J. F. Kain. Apr 62 2p Rept. no. rm-3086-FF This paper deals with the residential and tripmak- SCIENCES, STANDARDS, INDUS- Sponsored by the Ford Foundation. ing behavior of Detroit workers. Residential TION, HOUSING, TRIES, LABOR. behavior here refers to the consumption of an in- Identifiers: NEGROES, EMPLOYMENT. Descriptors: ('TRANSPORTATION, URBAN terrelated bundle of housing and transportation PLANNING), ('TRAFFIC, MATHEMATICAL goods and services. Tripmaking, in this context, is The Conference on Urban Economics was held MODELS), ('URBAN PLANNING, TRANS- limited to the weekday journey to and from work. August 24 and 25, 1964, at The RAND Corporation PORTATION), ('MATHEMATICAL MODELS. The statistical analysis presented here is designed in Santa Monica. This conclave, which brought URBAN PLANNING). URBAN AREAS. to explore the interrelationships in consumption together public officials and members of the HOUSING. POPULATION. LEAST SQUARES between housing and transportation. It is hoped research community, had three major objectives: METHOD. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS. the analysis will provide useful information re- of scholarly interest in urban problem ECONOMICS, PASSENGER VEHICLES, garding the decisions to locate households in cer- stimulation evaluation of the potentialities for appli ca- STATISTICAL DATA. tain areas, and will indicate what implications this areas, findings to policy information may have for urban transportation tion of past and current research This Memorandum describes a multiple equation and land-use planning. questions, and exploration of the demand for research which might be generated by impending model of household locational and tripmaking behavior, to in public decisions in this field. be used RAND's study of urban transportation. The model presented here is a mul- AD-60S 857 tiple equation recursive model, estimated by ap- Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif A REPORT ON AN URBAN TRANSPORTATION AD-607 592 plying least squares multiple regression techniques MODEL, SOME PROGRESS AND SOME Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif to cross-sectional data obtained from the Detroit PROBLEMS, ON MINIMIZING THE LAND USED BY AU- Area Traffic Study's home-interview origin and destination study. The worktrips of more than John F. Kain. Jun 62 2p Rept. no. p-2549 TOMOBILES AND BUSES IN THE URBAN 40,000 sampled workers were aggregated to 254 Paper prepared for presentation at the Annual CENTRAL CORE: UNDERGROUND spatially separate workplace zones. ex- Meeting of the Western Section of the Regional HIGHWAYS AND PARKING FACILITES, The model George A. Hoffman. Oct 64 Rept. no. P-3002 plains four types of locational and tripmaking Science Association ( 1 st), Berkeley, Calif., 29 Jun 2p 62. Legibility of this document is in part unsatisfacto- behavior for the white workers employed in these ry. Reproduction has been made from best availa- 254 zones: residential space consumption, au- Descriptors: (TRANSPORTATION, URBAN ble copy. tomobile ownership, modal choice, and length of AREAS), ('URBAN AREAS, TRANSPORTA- journey-to-work. In all, the final model has seven TION), SIMULATIONS, ENGINEERING, SO- Descriptors: ('ROADS, UNDERGROUND statistical and two definitional equations. The de- CIAL SCIENCES, URBAN PLANNING, STRUCTURES), ('UNDERGROUND STRUC- pendent variables for these nine equations include

1 Urban Transportation

measures for residential space consumption, four AD-675 164 of these frequencies with satellites without ownership, three one for auto for mode choice, Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif penalizing the established and allocated usage. The and one for length of journey-towork. AN ECONOMIC RE-EVALUATION OF THE future of travel and the automobile is discussed in- PROPOSED LOS ANGELES RAPID TRANSIT cluding the competition among various modes of SYSTEM, travel and between travel and electronics for com- AD-609 771 Alan Carlin, and Martin Wohl. Sep 68, 20p Rept municating. Some new ideas about future automo- Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif no. P-3918 biles, a freeway express transit, and an automated A FIRST APPROXIMATION TO A RAND urban local transportation utility are presented, MODEL FOR STUDY OF URBAN TRANSPOR- Descriptors: (*Transportation, Urban areas). Rail- and an interpretation is made about the possible TATION, roads, Feasibility studies, Costs, Reviews, Popu- future role of the automobile. (Author) J. F. Kain and J. R. Meyer.Nov 61 2p Rept. no. rm- lation, Employment, Approximation (Mathe- 2878-FF matics), California. Identifiers: *Rapid transit systems, Los Angeles AD-692 837 Descriptors: (*URBAN AREAS, TRANSPOR- (California). TATION), (*TRANSPORTATION. MATHE- Massachusetts Inst of Tech Cambridge Dept of Civil Engineering. MATICAL MODELS), STATISTICAL ANALY- An issue of immediate importance to Los Angeles SEARCH AND CHOICE IN TRANSPORT SIS, ECONOMICS, URBAN PLANNING, residents is whether a rail rapid transit system SYSTEMS PLANNING. VOLUME XII. CON- GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES, SIMULA- should be built and heavily subsidized out of a TION, DISTRIBUTION, DESIGN. SUMER PREFERENCES AND THE ABSTRACT proposed sales tax. Although such projects seem MODE MODEL: BOSTON METROPOLITAN to be currently fashionable in the larger North AREA. The report represents a first step in a study to American cities without such facilities, we believe Research rept., develop a generalized model of an urban complex, that the economic feasibility of this project Rodney Paul Plourde. Jun 68, 52p* Rept no. R68- for studying the intricate interrelationships deserves careful more scrutiny than it has thus far 51 between transportation and the spatial organiza- Contract DOT-7-35I40 tion of economic activities. Consideration is given general interest, this paper examines in some See also Volume 1 1 , AD-693 092. to definitions and notation, workplace location detail the economic justification recently and nonresidential land-use models, industrial presented for the project by the Southern Califor- Descriptors: ('Transportation, land-use constraints, 'Management employment distributions, nia Rapid Transit District in their Final Report. planning), ('Traffic, Mathematical models), Pre- land value surfaces, residential distributions, re- (Author) dictions, Pattern recognition, Time, Costs, At- sidential land-use contraints, status variable titudes, Urban areas. Statistical modifications, and transportation models. data. Regression analysis, Massachusetts. AD-687 214 Identifiers: Abstract mode models, Consumer Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif preferences, Boston AD-616 712 A MIX-OF-MODES EVALUATION MODEL FOR (Massachusetts), Travel de- Oklahoma Univ Norman TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS, OPERATIONS ANALYSIS IN URBAN TRANS- Keith V. Smith. May 69, 30p Rept. no. P-4059 The document is concerned with travel demand PORTATION GENERATES EXPRESS TRANSIT Preliminary version presented at the National models which predict the number of people who TO COPE WITH TRAFFIC CONGESTION. Meeting of the Operations Research Society of Master's thesis, will freely choose to use a given system at a America (34th). Philadelphia, Pa. 6 Nov 68. James Gordon Wyatt.1965 2p specified level of service. Use is one measure of the 'goodness' or effectiveness of a system, and is Contract AF33 608 1096 Descriptors: ('Transportation, Mathematical the end product of many individual consumer trip Available only for reference use at DDC field ser- models). Systems engineering, Urban planning, decisions. A travel demand model which both pre- vices. Copy is not available for public sale. Air transportation, Railroads, Passenger vehicles, dicts system use and provides insights into the fac- Cargo vehicles. Roads, Traffic, Cost effective- tors which influence Descriptors: ('Traffic, Urban areas), (*Urban ness. Predictions, Decision making. consumers' preferences and motivations areas. Traffic), (*Transportation, Urban areas). Identifiers: 'Transportation models. in travel would therefore be a good Passenger vehicles. Cargo vehicles. Roads, Con- travel model. An analysis of consumer preference trol systems. Management planning. Urban An important focus of a meaningful evaluation patterns attempts to get at the very root of trip- planning. Mathematical models. model for transportation systems is to evaluate al- conducting ternatives within the context of the entire package a search and evaluation of system policy alternatives. The purpose of the thesis is to examine alternative or mix of transportation services. More specifi- One model which offers the planner or designer capabilities methods of evaluating the utilization of mass cally, it is the evaluation of the incremental the of both pre- transportation. Several mathematical models em- benefits and costs from adding a modified or new dicting system use and measuring the levels of ser- ployed by operations research are presented and transportation mode to the existing mix. The pur- vice necessary to attain a given amount of system use is the abstract demonstrated for use in planning expanded transit pose of the paper is to develop a methodology mode model. (Author) facilities. It is hoped that the study will contribute which conceptually may be useful in evaluating al- toward solving problems of traffic congestion. ternative transportation systems within such a AD-693 072 mix-of-modes context. An important charac- Massachusetts Inst of Tech Cambridge Dept of teristic of the suggested methodlogy is that alter- AD-672 150 natives are evaluated along several important Civil Engineering. Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif dimensions so as to reflect users of transportation SEARCH AND CHOICE IN TRANSPORT SYSTEMS NEW DIRECTIONS FOR PASSENGER DE- systems, business firms that are involved in PLANNING. VOLUME II. A PROTO- MAND ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING, providing transportation services, and also the TYPE ANALYSIS. Research rept.. Martin Wohl, and Gerald Kraft. Jun 68, 60p Rept general public. In order to concentrate on the more no. P-3877 Earl R. Ruiter. Jun 68, 313p' Rept no. R68-41 important aspects of the problem, it is convenient Contracts DCA100-67-C-0008, Prepared in cooperation with Charles River As- to confine attention to intercity transportation DOD-7-35140 See also Volume sociates, Inc., Cambridge, Mass. along a single link between two metropolitan 1, AD-693 071 and Volume 3, Availability: AD-692 836. Pub. in Transportation Research, vl areas. The suggested model is adaptable, however, n3 1967. to the larger problem of transportation within a Descriptors: network of large cities. ('Transportation, 'Management Descriptors: ('Transportation, Predictions), planning), ('Traffic, Analysis), Urban areas. Urban areas. Management planning. Population, Equilibrium, Mathematical models. Programming Behavior, Mathematical models. Scheduling, AD-692 268 (Computers), Networks, Time Passenger vehicles. Time, Costs, Passenger vehicles. Interactions. Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif Identifiers: Traffic flow. Northeast Corridor, Mul- Identifiers: Demand. COMMUNICATION SATELLITES AND THEIR timodal transportation systems. POSSIBLE INFLUENCE ON THE AUTOMO- The problems of analyzing passenger travel de- BILE, A prototype system designed for the equilibrium mand and forecasting actual travel movements by John L. Hult. Aug 69, 36p' Rept no. R-4164 analysis of regional multimodal transportation placing passenger travel demand in an appropriate systems is described, and the system is used to context with respect to behavioral characteristics Descriptors: ('Transportation, Predictions), analyze an aggregated representation of air, rail are analyzed. To a large extent, the purpose is to ('Communication satellites (Active), Control and private automobile travel in the Northeast raise issues and to suggest directions for their solu- systems). Navigational aids. Global communica- Corridor. The system has been designed to illus- tion rather than to provide definitive answers for tion systems. Passenger vehicles. Transforma- trate the importance and usefulness of applying urban transporation planning. By raising the sig- tions, Automation, Safety. the equilibrium approach to transportation nificant issues, it is hoped to stimulate those who systems analysis. The theoretical framework of actively perform research in this field to think The progress of communication satellites is briefly this approach is, therefore, presented as an in- along new lines and to arrive, ultimately, at a more summarized and their future technological poten- troduction. Many concepts arising from urban complete and consistent approach to forecasting tial is highlighted. The promise of UHF satellite; transportation planning methodology have been future usage of passenger transportation systems. for mobile communication services is described, incorporated into the prototype system. For this (Author) including new concepts permitting intense sharing reason, urban transportation is presented as a par-

2 1

May 3, 1971

Descriptors: ('Urban areas. Transportation), Identifiers: Boston (Massachusetts), Chicago (Il- (Authorf ('Transportation, 'Texas), Railroads, Economics, linois), Philadelphia (Pennsylvania), New York (New York). Identifiers: 'Subways, Rapid transit railways, AD-693 078 'Fort Worth (Texas). The summary includes a discussion of general Massachusetts Inst of Tech Cambridge Depl of transportation problems in Category III cities, Civil Engineering. The study documents an example of a private en- specific needs and requirements as reported by the SEARCH AND CHOICE IN TRANSPORT terprise providing one component of center city cities, and the relevance of the present five-city ef- SYSTEMS PLANNING. VOLUME IX. transportation. It highlights key factors in the im- fort, sponsored by UMTA. In general, the nature EQUILIBRIUM MODELS: (I) GENERAL plementation and operation of the subway. and the magnitude of the transportation problems EQUILIBRIUM MODELS OF URBAN TRAVEL; (Author) in Category III cities set them apart from other ci- (2) PRODUCTION AND TRANSPORT MODELS ties in the program. (Author) FOR REGIONAL PLANNING; (3) USE OF A NORMATIVE MODEL IN URBAN HIGHWAY AD-702 738 NETWORK OPERATION AND NETWORK IM- Institute for Defense Analyses Arlington Va AD-708 019 PROVEMENT. Urban Mass Transportation Project Institute for Defense Analyses Arlington Va Research rept., INTRA-AIRPORT TRANSPORTATION Urban Mass Transportation Project L. F. Jackson, Jesse G. Schwartz, and David SYSTEMS: AN EXAMINATION OF RESERVED LANES FOR BUSES: THE SHIR- Bivins. Jun68, 1 1 3p* Rept no. R68-48 TECHNOLOGY AND EVALUATION LEY HIGHWAY EXPERIMENT. Contracts DCAl 00-67-C-0008, DOT-7-35140 METHODOLOGY, Research paper, See also Volume 8, AD-693 077 and Volume 10. P. G. Freck, L. P. Minichiello, R. E. Thornton, and Jean G.Taylor. Apr 70, 54p' Rept no. RP-P-618 AD-693 079. T. W. White. Dec 69, 152p* Rept no. S-351 IDA/HQ-70-11363 IDA/HQ-69-10734 Contracts D AHC 1 5-67-C-OOl 1 , DOT-UT-43 (lAA)

Contracts DAHC15-67-C-00I , DOT-UT-43 (lAA) Descriptors: (*Transportation, 'Management I planning), ('Traffic, Mathematical prediction). Descriptors: ('Urban areas. Roads), {'Traffic, Networks, Urban areas. Mathematical models. Descriptors: ('Air transportation, 'Urban 'Management planning), {'Motor vehicle opera- planning), ('Airports, Scheduling), Interactions, Numerical methods and procedures, Economics, tors. Reaction (Psychology)), Urban planning. Industrial production. Problem solving, Cost effectiveness. Optimiza- Passenger vehicles. Control systems. tion, Mathematical models. Identifiers: 'Regional planning and development, Identifiers: 'Reserved traffic lanes, 'Shirley Identifiers: 'Intra-airport transportation, Evalua- Equilibrium models. Travel habits. Traffic flow. Highway experiment, Transportation planning. Bus transportation, 'Reservisd bus lanes. Car This report extends the model of Beckmann which pools. The study examines the technology and analytic gives a general equilibrium formulation to the techniques available to provide assistance in arriv- study of the demand for travel on particular net- The paper provides an initial examination of the ing at solutions to intra-airport transportation work links. The paper develops a model of travel Shirley Highway experiment and addresses problems. A number of proposed transportation behavior considering transportation as a produc- specific aspects of the bus project. In the short systems are examined and their capabilities are tion activity which must be operated at a certain time available for the study, experiments, mea- compared to the future requirements of major level to consume other services, and not as an item surements and evaluations were outlined and U.S. airports. Technological deficiencies of for consumption. This model postulates uniform described in the detail possible. These mainly con- proposed systems are identified, and possible and homogenous time flows and considers cern (1) potential reaction of automobile occu- major research, development, and demonstration macrostability of flows. (Author) pants to what will be an apparent sparse use of the programs are suggested. In addition, two typical reserved lanes by buses only, (2) measures of suc- airport transportation problems are identified, and cess and the associated data collection require- simple analytical methods are developed for their AD-699 158 ments before and during the experiment, (3) im- solution. The applicability of both are analytical Institute for Defense Analyses Arlington va Urban provements in bus utilization during the project, techniques and the available technology to other Mass Transportation Project (4) means to reduce car attractiveness which in (non-airport) transportation problems is discussed. PROCEEDINGS IDA URBAN TRANSPORTA- turn would increase the relative attractiveness of (Author) TION WORKSHOP, FEBRUARY 3 THROUGH 5, 1969. by car pools and (6) circulation systems. (Author) Research paper, AD-704 726 Jane-Ring F. Crane, and Elizabeth A. Parker. Oct Massachusetts Inst of Tech Cambridge Dept of 69, 34p* Rept no. RP-P-544 IDA/HQ-69-10706 AD-708 021 Civil Engineering Contract DAHC15-67-C-001 PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Institute for Defense Analyses Arlington Va ANALYSIS. Urban Mass Transportation Project Descriptors: ('Urban areas. Transportation), Professional paper, CENTER CITY TRANSPORTATION: SUMMA- ('Transportation, 'Symposia), Impact, Sociomet- RY OF THE NATIONAL COALITION Marvin L. Manheim. Jan 67, 22p Rept no. P67-1 URBAN rics, Models (Simulations), Mathematical predic- Contract DCA100-67-C-0008 SEMINAR, MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, MAY tion, Transformations, Command -I- control 4-5, 1970, systems. Scheduling, Pallets, Federal budgets. Ex- Descriptors: ('Transportation, Systems engineer- Elizabeth Parker. May 70, 22p Rept no. N-726 (R) perimental design. IDA/HQ-70-11583 ing), Scheduling, Mobility, Problem solving. Ad-

Contracts , Identifiers: Model split. Demand (Economics), vanced planning. Predictions, Logistics, Deploy- DAHC 15-67-C-OOl 1 DOT-UT-43 (lAA) •Rapid transit systems. Disadvantaged groups. ment, Urban areas. Management planning. Gravity vacuum transit systems. Identifiers: Management information systems. Descriptors: ('Urban areas. Transportation), {'Transportation, Management planning). Feasi- The IDA urban transportation workshop brought Nine principles for the analysis of transportation bility studies. Urban planning. Symposia, Georgia, together contractors for a new systems study to systems are presented. The primary purpose of Minnesota. Identifiers: Nicollet discuss the results and implications of their these principles is to identify the common threads Mall project. Intercept opera- findings. The papers present the highlights of the underlying a great variety of seemingly disparate tion, Atlanta (Georgia), Minneapolis (Minnesota). studies and note areas for future research, transportation problems, and so to stimulate the development and demonstration. Potential alterna- development of a 'transportation science.' The The summary of the Minneapolis seminar con- tive transportation modes that appear to be principles are equally applicable to urban transpor- stitutes a part of IDA's on-going examination of technologically and economically feasible include tation, megalopolitan transportation, developing the Center City Transportation Program. It in- dial-a-bus, personal rapid transit, dual-mode vehi- country transportation, and strategic mobility. cludes a discussion of Federal funding and Federal cle systems, automated dual-mode bus systems, (Author) selection criteria, priority center city transporta- pallet or ferry systems, intraurban transit links, tion projects as reported by the National Urban and high-density circulation systems. The new Coalition, and examples of center city projects. systems study recommended research programs to AD-707 314 The seminar was limited to the following nine ci- meet specific technological, economic, and politi- Institute for Defense Analyses Arlington Va ties; Cleveland, Detroit, Houston, Kansas City, cal requirements. (Author) Urban Mass Transportation Project Los Angeles, Miami, Milwaukee, Minneapolis and CENTER CITY TRANSPORTATION NEEDS OF New Odeans. (Author) TRANSIT-ORIENTED CITIES. SUMMARY OF AD-701 338 THE NATIONAL URBAN COALITION Institute for Defense Analyses Arlington Va SEMINAR, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, AD-708 023 Urban Mass Transportation Project APRIL 1-2, 1970, Institute for Defense Analyses Arlington Va THE M AND O SUBWAY FORT WORTH, TEX- Elizabeth Parker, and Murray Kamrass. Apr 70, Urban Mass Transportation Project

AS. 19p Rept no. N-714(R) lDA/HQ-70- 1 1 395 A BIBLIOGRAPHY ON AIR TRAVEL AND AS-

Research Contracts DAHC15-67-C-001 , DOT-UT-43 (lAA) SOCIATED GROUND TRANSPORTATION, paper, 1 Joseph A. Navarro, and Elizabeth A. Parker. Dec Janet D. Kiernan. Jun 70, 48p* Rept no. N-731 (R) 69, 2lp Rept no. RP-P-582 IDA/HQ-69-10966 Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), IDA/HQ-70-11522

vehicles. Symposia, Budgets. Contracts DAHC15-67-C-001 , (lAA) Contracts DAHC15-67-C-00I I , DOT-UT-43 (lAA) Passenger 1 DOT-UT-43

3 Urban Transportation

Descriptors: (*Air transportation, *Bibliogra- H. O. Davidson, J. L. Crain, and E. W. Davis. Jul Descriptors: ('Railroads, Urban areas), ('Urban phies), (*Transportation, Urban planning). Air- 62, 129p areas. Railroads), ('Transportation, Research pro- ports, Management planning. Prepared for the National Capital Transportation gram administration), United States Government, Identifiers: Transportation planning. Agency. Civil engineering. Railroad tracks, Railroad cars. Traffic, Scheduhng, Maintenance, Costs, Safety, Descriptors: ('Transportation, District of Colum- Feasibility studies. help identify current data and studies relating to bia), ('Passenger vehicles. Feasibility studies), Identifiers: Washington-Boston Corridor, High- air travel demand projections, alternative airport Costs, Engineering, Control systems. Automation, speed passenger transportation. configurations, flow patterns and rates, and Propulsion, Distribution, Safety, Effectiveness, available or potential ground transportation concepts, systems, and components. The bibliography ments on the Pennsylvania Railroad between covers the subject areas up to August 1969. The primary objective of this analysis has been to Washington, D. C. and New York, N. Y. to pro- (Author) provide a realistic set of alternatives (of rapid vide in greater depth an analysis of the operational aspects of service, transit vehicle systems) on which judgment may such the required alterations to existing facilities, and the equipment design fea- be made as to what, if any, technological advances AD-711 596 tures, as well as calculations of the cost of im- in rapid transit vehicle systems are feasible and Institute for Defense Analyses Arlington Va provements and improved operations between Urban Mass Transportation Project worth exploring. For those systems that appear A PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF MAX- feasible and worthwhile it is required that the con- IBUSES, tractor define what additional technical analyses Howard Margolis. Jul 70, 33p* Rept no. N-725 (R) are required to support a final choice among the PB-166 880 various alternatives, what program can IDA/HQ-70-11646 be Klauder (Louis T.) and Associates, Philadelphia, Contracts established for accomplishing this work, what DAHC15-67-C-001 1 , DOT-UT-43 (lAA) and Pa. POSSIBLE IMPROVEMENTS TO RAILROAD Descriptors: (*Transportation, Urban areas), A secondary objective of the study has been a PASSENGER SERVICE BETWEEN NEW YORK ('Passenger vehicles. Feasibility studies). Design, preliminary review of vehicle and traffic control AND WASHINGTON. Cost effectiveness, Roads, Traffic, Problem solv- systems with particular emphasis on central con- Supplemental engineering repl. ing. Site selection. Law, Factor analysis. Efficien- trol devices and automated train operation. The in- cy. terrelations between control systems, vehicle 12 Jun 64, I23p Identifiers: *Buses (Vehicles), *Maxibuses. type, and alternative operational concepts are Contract Cc6238 such that analysis of rapid transit vehicle systems Rept. on Washington-Boston Corridor Research Maxibuses are discussed, which include both dou- would be incomplete without some preliminary as- Proj. Supplemental rept. to preliminary rept. dated ble-deckers and articulated (segmented) buses, sessment of control system alternatives. (Author) 1 Jan 64. provide certain benefits for bus lines, particularly when used in commuter express service. While Descriptors: ('Railroads, Urban areas), ('Urban they are able to seat more passengers per bus, they PB-166 878 areas. Railroads), ('Transportation, Research pro- are likely to save no more than 10 to 15 percent in Cornell Aeronautical Lab., Inc., Buffalo, N. Y. gram administration). United States Government, this mode, and even less on a systemwide basis. A PROJECTION OF TECHNLOGY APPLICA- Traffic, Scheduling, Railroad tracks. Railroad There are legal limitations in most states that limit BLE TO THE FUTURE HIGHWAY SYSTEM OF cars. Maintenance, Safety, Costs, Feasibility stu- buses to 55 ft long and 13/5 ft high. To gain full THE BOSTON- WASHINGTON CORRIDOR. dies, Civil engineering. cost/effectiveness and comfort, it would help if 2 Oct 64, 400p Rept. no. CAL-VJ-1913-V-1 Identifiers: Washington-Boston Corridor, High some additional size could be added. Maneuvera- Contract Cc6245 speed passenger transportation. bility is not a problem, but such buses would operate best in situations where curb lanes are Descriptors: ('Urban areas. Roads), ('Roads, The possibility and the cost of establishing two kept free of parked cars. A test of maxibuses in and onehalt hour passenger service Civil engineering), ('Civil engineering. Roads), between New selected locations is recommended. The most effi- York and Washington was studied, using ('Transportation, Research program administra- the cient and rapid way to test the maxibus concept tracks of the Pennsylvania Railroad. The results of tion), United States Government, Passenger vehi- would be to use European equipment. The promise that study were presented in a 'Preliminary En- cles. Cargo vehicles. Standards, Safety, Traffic, of maxibuses, particularly for local transit, would gineering Report on Possible Improvements to Motor vehicle operators. Safety devices. Feasibili- increase if automatic fare collection equipment Railroad Passenger Service Between New York ty studies. were developed. Some consideration could well be and Washington.' dated June 1, 1964 (PB-166 879). Identifiers: Washington-Boston Corridor, High- given to adding to passenger comfort, by such In this report the possibility and cost of establish- speed passenger transportation. means as providing rush-hour seating for all pas- ing two and onequarter and two-hour service sengers, as well as to increasing the number of riders per bus. (Author) The objectives of this study have, therefore, been (I) to review the existing trends in highway- oriented technology, (2) to explore those aspects PB-166 881 AD-711 597 of existing trends, and developments in the field, Smith (Wilbur) and Associates, New Haven, Institute for Defense Analyses Arlington Va that could be stimulated to achieve advantageous Urban Mass Transportation Project developments, and (3) to select certain innovations HIGHWAY TRAVEL IN WASHINGTON, NEW THE USE OF ACCIDENT DATA FOR components and system concepts that, principally YORK, BOSTON MEGALOPOLIS, EVALUATING THE SAFETY OF URBAN on the basis of technical and effectiveness con- Wilbur S. Smith. 15 Nov 63, I76p TRANSPORTATION, siderations, appear to be promising for further See also PB-166 878. Harriet Biddle, and Murray Kamrass. Aug 70, research and development, especially as related to 26p* Rept no. N-742 (R) IDA/HQ-70-1 1520 the Megalopolitan region. This study has been of Descriptors: ('Roads. Urban areas), ('Urban

Contracts DAHCI5-67-C-001 1 , DOT-UT-43 (lAA) relatively short duration and modest effort (six areas, Roads), ('Transportation, Research pro- months and about three engineers). Because of gram administration). United States Government, Descriptors: ('Transportation, Safety), (*Urban these limitations, the system concepts chosen as Civil engineering. Passenger vehicles. Cargo vehi- areas. Transportation), Motor vehicle accidents, cles. Traffic, worthy of further exploration are outlined in the Density, Mathematical models. Correlation techniques. Mortality rates. Ranges Economics, Sociology, Feasibility studies. merest skeletal form - general technical feasibility (Distance), Statistical processes. Reports, Pas- Identifiers: Washington-Boston Corridor, High- is based on judgment and experience and in each senger vehicles. Railroads. speed passenger transportation. system case, a great deal of engineering research, Identifiers: Bus lines. Subways, Evaluation, Trip preliminary design study, and experimental proto- A mathematical model was developed and tested type development will be necessary to 'put meat for synthesizing current highway travel patterns in on the bones' to allow major policy decisions to be Three primary factors are considered applicable to the corridor on an intercity basis. Such factors as made by regional planners. the evaluation of transportation system safety-ac- population, vehicle registration, conventional land cident rate, injury rate and death rate. Costs are use, economic levels, employment, and specific also apphcable but commensurable cost data do major generators of intercity travel were included. PB-166 879 not seem to be available. Data are presented for Klauder (Louis T.) and Associates, Philadelphia, some of these measures for three urban transportation modes-the automobile, the bus and the sub- Pa. PB-166 885 POSSIBLE IMPROVEMENTS TO RAILROAD United Research, Inc., Cambridge, Mass. PASSENGER SERVICE BETWEEN NEW YORK INTERCITY FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION AND WASHINGTON. REQUIREMENTS OF THE WASHINGTON- PB-166 049 Preliminary engineering rept., BOSTON CORRIDOR IN 1980. Operations Research, Inc., Silver Spring, Md. Louis T. Klauder. 1 Jun 64, ! 35p Final rept. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RAPID Contract Cc6238 TRANSIT VEHICLE SYSTEMS. Rept. on Washington-Boston Corridor Research Nov 63,243p Preliminary study. Proj. Contract Cc6224

4 May 3, 1971

Descriptors: ('Transportation, Cargo), (*Urban Descriptors; ('Railroads, Urban areas), ('Urban business establishments, and reduces the burden areas. Transportation), Traffic, Roads, Air trans- areas. Railroads), ('Transportation, Research pro- of traffic on streets and highways. By utilizing un- portation. Shipping (Marine), Vehicles, Railroads, gram administration), United States Government, derground routes, the integrity of neighborhoods Sociology, Economics, Population, Labor, Indus- Civil engineering. Railroad tracks. Railroad cars. and central Washington will be protected and the tries, Industrial production, Costs, Tables. Compatibility, Aerodynamic characteristics, Traf- beauty and dignity of the Nation's Capital Identifiers: Washington-Boston Corridor. fic, Scheduling, Costs, Feasibility studies. Maps. preserved. The downtown subway and the net- Identifiers: Washington-Boston Corridor, High- work of rapid transit routes described in this The purpose of this research is to study the interci- speed passenger transportation. Transit Development Program are not only ty freight transportation requirements of the required but are economically practicable. The WashingtonBoston Corridor in 1980, and the im- One of the main objectives was the determination Agency recommends: That the Congress authorize provements required in transporting commodities of the limits to high-speed operation imposed by the Agency to undertake development of the rail through and within the corridor by land, water and existing rail route alignments and profiles, based rapid transit system described in this report and air. The study objectives are (1) to estimate in upon studies of existing railroad valuation track detailed in the Engineering Supplement. That Con- terms of traffic flows, the current total demand for maps. These studies were translated into the gress appropriate the funds necessary to imple- intercity freight commodity transportation existing charted changes, presented herein, which would ment the Transit Development Program. in the corridor; (2) to describe in qualitative terms permit minimum train speeds of 100 miles per the commodities making up these traffic flows; (3) hour. In addition to this, four alternate routes were to show how the current demand for commodity studied to develop alignments which give promise PB-168 260 is to Brinckerhoff and Douglas, New freight transportation being met today; (4) of greater speed capabilities within the area. All Parsons, , Quade identify and estabUsh a relationship between sig- the routes studied, including two which are not York. nificant economic and sociological factors and compatible with conventional rail operations, are HIGH LEVEL AND LOW LEVEL SUBWAYS: levels of transportation demand; (5) to identity sig- PRE- LIMINARY ENGINEERING STUDY. nificant changes in these relationships which may occur in the future as a result of technological in- 27Nov61,52p novation; (6) to project the economic and sociolog- PB-167 186 Research supported by National Capital Transpor- ical demand factors in 1980; (7) to forecast for Department of Commerce, Washington, D. C. tation Agency, Washington, D. C. 1980, total intercity freight transportation demand Panel on Transportation Research and Develop- (as expressed in terms of traffic flows); (8) to al- Descriptors: ('Railroads, Underground struc- locate this total commodity flow to the various REPORT OF THE PANEL ON TRANSPORTA- tures), ('Underground structures. Railroads), modes on the basis of foreseeable intermodal com- TION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ('Civil engineering. Underground structures), petitive relationships; (9) to identify and describe THE COMMERCE TECHNICAL ADVISORY ('Transportation, District of Columbia), Engineer- the economic and technical characteristics of the BOARD TO THE SECRETARY OF COM- ing geology. Construction, Costs, Feasibility stu- MERCE, dies. Urban planning. Urban areas. available to^ freight carriers by 1980; and (10) to Identifiers: Subways, High-speed passenger trans- describe the methodology by which the cost and 6May65,95p portation. technical characteristics of ways and vehicles could be related to possible future demand charac- Descriptors: ('Transportation, Research program Preliminary engineering analyses of high level and teristics. administration). United States Government, Com- low level subway construction in the downtown merce, Industrial research. Traffic, Roads, Rail- area of Washington, D. C. are presented. The pur- roads, Safety, Economics, Sociology, Urban pose of these analyses is to provide the National PB-166 886 areas. Reports. Capital Transportation Agency with information MRD Div., General American Transportation on the design, construction procedures, and esti- Corp., Niles, III. The report incorporates the panel members' ex- mated construction costs of a route whose en- WASHINGTON-BOSTON TRANSPORTATION perience in transportation, their recent joint study gineering and construction problems are con- STUDY. PART B. FEASIBILITY AND COST OF of this topic, and their discussions and exchange sidered typical of the conditions which would be IMPROVED RAILROAD SERVICE. of views during the panel's meetings. It presents encountered on routes ultimately to be chosen by Final rept., the panel's comprehensive view of transportation the Agency for its Transit Development Program. Andrew A. Arentz, Jr., Fred W. Sander, and R and D needs in this country and describes par- The route selected by the Agency as being Richard E. Pages. Nov 63, 228p ticularly representative problems. The Panel's representative of these conditions is 7,800 feet Contract Cc6207 recommendations focus on the sort of environ- long and starts at the intersection of Mas- ment which the Secretary of Commerce must sachusetts Avenue and G Street, extends west- Descriptors: ('Transportation, Railroads), ('Rail- foster to fulfill the Department's role as the Pre- ward along G street to 15th Street, turns into roads, Transportation), Passenger vehicles. Feasi- sident's principle advisor on transportation R and Pennsylvania Avenue, and terminates at the inter- bility studies, Urban areas. Automation, Railroad D. Specific programs are recommended to create section of Jackson Place and Pennsylvania cars. Railroad tracks. Costs, Population, this environment, and a framework is suggested Avenue. The high level subway is defined as a Economics, Tables. for developing more detailed plans and projects in two-track structure which is located vertically as Identifiers: Auto ferry transportation, Washing- the future. near the surface of the street as possible with just ton-Boston Corridor. enough earth cover to permit the installation of utilities. The low level subway is defined as a two- Conclusions: A large portion of the total intercity PB-167 714 track structure which is located vertically as near passenger market in 1980 in the Washington- National Capital Transportation Agency, the surface of the street as possible while per- Boston corridor can be effectively and economi- Washington, D.C. mitting the installation of a mezzanine at the sta- cally served by improved railroad service. To RAIL RAPID TRANSIT FOR THE NATION'S serve the 1980 market, major improvement of ex- CAPITAL. isting rail systems does not appear to be economi- Jan 65,48p cally feasible. The most promising long-range solu- Rept. on Transit Development Program 1965. PB-168 262 tion to the 1980 corridor problem is a new high- Parsons, Brinckerhoff, Quade and Douglas, New speed high-frequency railriding auto ferry. An im- Descriptors: ('Urban areas. Transportation), York. mediate improvement of the present rail systems ('Railroads, Urban areas). Engineering, Costs, PROPOSED SUBWAYS AS DUAL PURPOSE in the corridor should be made with the object of Construction, Operation, Traffic, Roads, Pas- FALLOUT SHELTERS: PRELIMINARY STUDY achieving efficient, dependable, and economical senger vehicles, Tables. OF INCREMENTAL COSTS. operations. This improvement should be in the Identifiers: Washington, D. C, Subways. lower improved-speed ranges contemplated in the 13 Sep62,48p study and should be compatible with the structures Conclusions and Recommendations: The solution Research supported by National Capital Transpor- to the transportation problem confronting the Na- of the railroads as they already exist. It should also tation Agency, Washington, D. C. be predicted on new comfortable equipment that tional Capital is to develop an alternative to travel that will offer convenient, fast, Descriptors: will be consonant with future local and commuter by automobile ('Railroads, Underground struc- requirements. economical home-to-work transportation and will tures), ('Underground structures. Shelters), enable the highway system to function more effec- ('Shelters, Underground structures). Civil en- tively by encouraging some people who might gineering. Civil defense systems. Radioactive fal- PB-166 887 otherwise drive to make use of pubhc transporta- lout. Health physics. Costs, Feasibility studies. Bingham (S. H.), New York. tion. The National Capital Transportation Agency District of Columbia, Urban planning. Urban HIGH-SPEED RAILROAD OPERATIONS Concludes that: The most efficient and economi- WITHIN THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN cal method of transporting large numbers of peo- Identifiers: Subways, High-speed passenger trans- AREA IN CONNECTION WITH HIGH-SPEED ple during peak demand periods is by high-capaci- SERVICE BETWEEN WASHINGTON, D. C. ty, high-performance rail rapid transit. Such a AND BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, system involves minimal right-of-way require- The purpose of this preliminary engineering study S. H. Bingham. 15 Nov 63, 156p ments, preserves taxable property, reduces the is to determine the incremental costs of providing Rept. on Research Project. problem of displacing and relocating famihes and community fallout shelters, either in the initial

5 ,

Urban Transportation

in later construction, of a PROPOSED RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM, held with experienced tunnel c proposed subway system in the Washington, D. C. WASHINGTON, D. C, FOR THE NATIONAL 'on-the-site' inspection was made of the work area. The proposed subway system is in a prelimi- CAPITAL TRANSPORTATION AGENCY. presently underway in Toronto, Canada, and at nary planning stage, with criteria as to subway sec- Preliminary rept., phase 2, priority I, the Brooklyn-Staten Island water tunnel in New tion, stations, and facilities not yet determined. Gardner M. Reynolds and James V. Toto. 7 Dec York. From the review of current literature, The incremental costs developed in this study, 62, 29p several new and ingenious ideas for tunnelling therefore, are based on the information contained See also PB-168 292. through difficult ground, some of which have had in a previous report (PB-168 260) prepared by this noteworthy success, are discussed. Selected items firm for the NCTA. In the present study, incre- Descriptors: (*Railroads, Underground struc- of particular interest are listed in the bibliography, mental costs are developed that may be incurred tures), ('Underground structures. Railroads), to which reference is made throughout the report. under a number of alternatives, both as to subway (*Civil engineering. Underground structures), Where available, photographs or drawings of new ('Transportation, District of Columbia), arrangement and methods of construction; i. e., a Founda- developments are incorporated in the text of the high-level or low-level subway arrangement and tions (Structures), Engineering geology, Soils, report adjacent to the discussion of each develop- cut-and-cover or tunnelling methods of construc- Structural geology. Well logging. Maps, Feasibili- tion. The incremental costs that would be incurred ty studies. Urban planning. Urban areas. passenger trans- if provision for fallout shelters was included in the Identifiers: Subways, High-speed portation. initial construction, as compared to such costs if PB-168 296 the facilities were added subsequently, have also Day and Zimmermann, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa. been developed. In addition to providing the FEASIBILITY AND PLANT LOCATION STU- 294 necessary features for fallout protection, the in- PB-168 DIES DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION INDUS- (Larry), and Co., Washington, D. C. cremental costs of providing facilities to sustain Smith TRIAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITY STU- shelter occupants for a minimum of 14 days have CASE STUDY, USE OF EXCESS LAND AND DIES REPORTS, INVESTIGATIONS AND been prepared. By directive, the additional con- AIR RIGHTS. VALUATIONS MANAGEMENT, struction necessary to create a blast-resistant Thomas W. Hopper. 10 Oct 62, 12p 31 Aug62, 50p shelter has not been studied, but a measure of the Contract NTA38 Research supported by National Capital Transpor- blast effectiveness of the dual-purpose subway tation Washington, D. Original docu- shelters has been made. Agency, C. Descriptors: ('Underground structures. Rail- ment contains color other than black and white roads), ('Railroads, Underground structures), and is available in limited supply. After present ('Roads, Underground structures), ('Civil en- PB-168 291 stock is exhausted, it will be available in black and gineering. Underground structures). District of Dames and Moore, New York. Columbia, Transportation, Urban planning. Con- PROPOSED RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM, struction, Costs, Feasibility studies. Site selection. WASHINGTON, D. C, FOR THE NATIONAL Descriptors: ('Railroads, Underground struc- Identifiers: Subways, High-speed passenger trans- CAPITAL TRANSPORTATION AGENCY. tures), ('Underground structures. Railroads), (•Civil engineering. Underground structures), Rept., phase 1 Gardner M. Reynolds and James V. Toto. 6 Aug ('Transportation, District of Columbia), Costs, reliminary study of con-

62,81p I planning. Government procurement. Law, of two subways planned f/iih the view to their ulti- Descriptors: (*Railroads, Underground struc- Identifiers: Subways, High-speed transportation tures), (*Underground structures. Railroads), (*Civil engineering. Underground structures), (Transportation, District of Columbia), Engineer- An analysis was conducted, considering the real PB-168 297 ing geology. Soils, Structural geology, Well estate implications of the various alternative National Capital Transportation Agency, logging. Maps, Feasibility studies. Urban methods of developing a mass transit subway Washington, D. C. planning. Urban areas. system through a segment of central Washington, RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TRANSPORTA- Identifiers: Subways, High-speed passenger trans- in order to determine the possible implications of TION IN THE NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION. portation. large scale land clearance on the cost of the transit FINANCE AND ORGANIZATION. system. The analysis has considered the cost Rept. to the President. This report presents the results of a study conc< aspects of clearance, reuse and possible resale, as ing the subsurface conditions in the Washington It relates to over-all costs of the transit system. I Nov 62, I17p D. C. area for a proposed Rapid Transit System The study does not deal with the engineering or Available from Superintendent of Documents, Originally, three alternate interconnecting routes operating of the system but simply with the sur- GPO, Washington, D. C. HC$1.00 as for the proposed Rapid Transit System were un< face property rights in the right of way. Y3.M21 /21 :2T68. Available from CFSTI MF$0.75. study and it was decided that foundation investi; tions would be required along these routes Descriptors: ('Urban planning, Transportation), PB-168 295 ('Transportation, District of Columbia), ('Roads, develop preliminary design plans. Prior to i dertaking extensive foundation investigations, Parsons, Brinckerhoff, Quade and Douglas, New District of Columbia), ('Railroads, District of was deemed feasible to make a search for existing York. Columbia), Traffic, Civil engineering. Un- adminis- subsurface data along the proposed rc DIFFICULT GROUND TUNNELLING derground structures, Research program analyze these data and use them as a basi TECHNIQUES. tration. Feasibility studies. Costs. Identifiers: Subways, High-speed passenger transportation. Rapid transit systems.

Included in this report are: (1) A plan for a PB-168 292 balanced regional system of highway and modern Dames and Moore, New York. Descriptors: ('Underground structures. Rail- rapid transit facilities; (2) a program for immediate FOUNDATION INVESTIGATION, PROPOSED roads), ('Railroads, Underground structures), action to construct the transportation system; (3) RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM, WASHINGTON, D. ('Civil engineering. Underground structures). Dis- recommendations for organization and financial C, FOR THE NATIONAL CAPITAL TRANS- trict of Columbia, Transportation, Construction, arrangements for the system; and (4) an evaluation PORTATION AGENCY. Engineering geology. Earth-handling equipment. of the 1959 Mass Transportation Survey plan. Feasibility studies. Site selection. Urban planning. Rept., phase 2, priorities 1 and 2, Gardener M. Reynolds. 10 Sep 62, 47p Identifiers: Subways, High-speed passenger trans- See also PB-168 291. portation. PB-168 298 National Capital Transportation Agency, Descriptors: ('Railroads, Underground struc- This report presents the results of an engineering Washington, D. C. tures), ('Underground structures. Railroads), study conducted to review and evaluate present- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TRANSPORTA- (•Civil engineering. Underground structures), day tunnelling techniques and to determine TION IN THE NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION. (Transportation, District of Columbia), Founda- whether new or improved techniques could APPENDIX. VOLUME I. ENGINEERING. tions (Structures), Engineering geology. Soils, profitably be applied to proposed subway con- Rept. to the President. Structural geology. Well logging. Maps, Feasibili- struction in the Washington, D. C. area. In addi- ty studies, Urban planning. Urban areas. tion, recommendations for a research and Identifiers: Subways, High-speed passenger trans- development program were to be made if war- ranted. In the conduct of this study, a review of available literature and technical articles from sources both in the United States and abroad was Descriptors: ('Transportation, District of Colum- PB-168 293 made, but was confined: first, to 'softground' bia), ('Civil engineering. Underground struc- Dames and Moore, New York. techniques and, second, to techniques developed tures), ('Underground structures. Railroads), BORINGS 301 THROUGH 314 AND BORING within the last five to ten years. To supplement the ('Railroads, District of Columbia), Urban 335. FOUNDATION INVESTIGATION, review of current literature, consultations were

6 May 3, 1971

senger vehicles, Specifications, Costs, Maps, PB-168 301 THE NATIONAL CAPITAL TRANSPORTATION Mechanical drawings. National Capital Transportation Agency, AGENCY. Identifiers: Subways, Rapid transit systems. High- Washington, D.C. Rept., phase 2. speed passenger transportation. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TRANSPORTA- TION IN THE NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION. 1963, 146P This volume, the first of six appendices to the APPENDIX. VOLUME IV. A MODEL FOR ESTI- Original document contains color other than black November 1962 report of the National Capital MATING TRAVEL MODE USAGE. and white and is available in limited supply. After Transportation Agency, discusses the engineering Rept. to the President. present stock is exhausted, it will be available in aspects of the rail rapid transit system recom- black and while only. mended by the Agency for the National Capital re- Jan63,226p gion. Subjects presented include route alignments Prepared by Traffic Research Corp., N. Y. Appen- Descriptors: ('Civil engineering, Underground

and profiles, establishment of criteria for the dix to rept. dated I Nov 62. See also PB-168 300. structures), ('Transportation, District of Colum- system, methods of construction, costs of con- bia), ('Underground structures. Railroads), ('Rail- struction and equipment, and the status of transit Descriptors: ('Transportation, District of Colum- roads, Underground structures), Foundations technology. bia), ('Urban planning. Transportation), ('Traffic, (Structures), Engineering geology. Soil Urban planning), ('Civil engineering. Transporta- mechanics. Well logging, Graphics, Urban tion), Population, Passenger vehicles. Mathemati- planning. PB-168 299 cal prediction. Identifiers: Rapid transit system. Subways. National Capital Transportation Agency, Identifiers: Rapid transit systems.

Washington, D. C. The purposes of this investigation were to: (1) RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TRANSPORTA- This volume is a reproduction of three reports determine the subsurface soil, rock and ground TION IN THE NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION. which were originally published by Traffic water conditions at locations along the proposed APPENDIX. VOLUME II. USE OF RAILROAD Research Corporation of Toronto, Canada pur- routes; (2) estimate the lateral earth pressures dur- FACILITIES. suant to contract with the Agency. These three re- ing construction in continually braced cuts and the Kept, to the President. ports detail the development of the process by lateral earth pressures on subway sections after the which Agency estimated the proportion of construction; (3) estimate earth roof loads on un- 4 Jan 63,257p derground sections; (4) provide general recom- Appendix to rept. dated 1 Nov 62. Rept. includes automobile facilities in the future. The three re- mendations relative to construction problems as- Study of Commuter Service Using Existing Rail- ports reproduced in this Volume are: (1) Deriva- sociated with soil stability during construction, road Facilities for Washington, D. C, by Louis T. tion of split relationships outline of modal and water seepage and area) settlements due to de- Klauderand Associates, Philadelphia, Pa. Original modal split program block; (2) reconciliation and watering work areas; and (5) determine the most document contains color other than black and corroboration of split relation- Washington modal suitable types of foundation support and develop white and is available in limited supply. After ships; and (3) corroborative modal split relation- foundation design criteria. present stock is exhausted, it will be available in ships based on Philadelphia data. (Author) black and while only. See only PB-168 298. PB-168 306 Descriptors: ('Transportation, District of Colum- PB-168 304 De Leuw, Gather, and Associates. Chicago, 111. bia), ('Railroads, District of Columbia), ('Civil en- National Capital Transportation Agency, RAIL RAPID TRANSIT ON THE ALEXANDRIA- gineering, Railroads), Urban planning, Railroad Washington, D. C. SPRINGFIELD ROUTE LAFAYETTE SQUARE tracks. Railroad cars. Passenger vehicles. Traffic, A STUDY OF BUS RAPID TRANSIT OPERA- TO FOUR MILE RUN. Buildings, Maps. TIONS FOR THE NATIONAL CAPITAL RE- Final rept. Identifiers: High-speed passenger transportation. GION. Rapid transit systems. Technical rept. Mar63,90p Contract NTA30 This volume of the Agency's technical appendices 8Jul 63,327p Original document contains color other than black accompanying its November I, 1962 report to the Rept. includes Appendices 1-4, Bus Capacity and white and is available in limited supply. After President is a study of use of existing railroad Requirements in a Rapid Transit System present stock is exhausted, it will be available in facilities. The contractor gave primary attention to (Downtown Peak-Hour Conditions), H. O. David- black and white only. possible use of four railroad lines: the Baltimore son, E. W. Marlowe, and M. J. Zubkoff, Contract and Ohio Railroad lines to Rockville and to Laurel; NTA36, Technical rept. no. 203. Appendix 2, Ven- Descriptors: ('Railroads, District of Columbia), the Pennsylvania Railroad line to Bowie and the tilation for an Underground Transit System Using ('Civil engineering. Railroads), ('Transportation, Richmond, Fredicksburg and Potomac Railroad Diesel Buses, Kaiser Engineers, Washington, D. District of Columbia), ('Underground structures. line to Springfield. As explained in Appendix C. Appendix 3, Costs Estimates, Route 66 Com- Railroads), Urban planning. Urban areas, Vir- Volume V, the Agency recommends develop- parisons. Appendix 4, Volume. Capacity Implica- (1) ginia, Buildings, Construction, Materials, Costs, tions for bus Transportation. Central Business Engineering geology. Maps, Feasibility studies. on the Pennsylvania Railroad line, use of District, Wilbur Smith and Ass., Conn. Original and (2) Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. railroad rights-of-way for rapid transit-type equip- document contains color other than black and service white and is available in limited supply. After ment and between downtown Washington, This report sets forth the results of preliminary en- on the one hand, and Rockville and Springfield, on present stock is exhausted, it will be available in the other hand. (Author) black and white only. See also PB-168 303. ry plans for the proposed facility. Existing base maps and uncontrolled aerial photographs have Descriptors: ('Transportation, District of Colum- been used as a basis in development of the align- PB-168 300 bia), ('Urban planning. Transportation), ('Civil ment. U. S. G. S. maps, supplemented by plans of National Capital Transportation Agency, engineering. Transportation), Passenger vehicles. existing completed facilities within the area of the Washington, D. C. Roads, Effectiveness, Feasibility studies. project, have been used to determine existing RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TRANSPORTA- Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. ground line and topography. Soils and foundation TION IN THE NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION. series studies conditions have been determined through an ex- APPENDIX. VOLUME III. TRAFFIC This report summarizes a of con- FORECASTING. ducted by the National Capital Transportation ammation of existing available geological maps and reports, supplemented by available subsurface Rept. to the President. Agency on the feasibility of using buses to provide transit service in certain segments of the National borings plus ten new borings made specifically in connection with this project. This project will 9 Jan 62, I59p Capital region between now and 1980, as an alter- in- clude the use of tunneling, cut-and-cover, open cut Appendix to rept. dated 1 Nov 62. See also PB-168 native to the rapid transit system recommended by 299. the Agency in its November 1961 Report to the and aerial types of structure. Careful considera- President. The relative merits of bus and rail rapid tion has been given to all design details to assure Descriptors: ('Transportation, District of Colum- transit in providing public transportation are ex- that the physical structures would be aesthetically bia), ('Urban planning, transportation), ('Traffic, amined. Differences in the two types of vehicle, in keeping with the Capital environs. Design Urban planning), ('Civil engineering. Transporta- and in the things each does best, preclude true criteria supplied by the National Capital Transpor- tion), Population, Passenger vehicles. Mathemati- comparability of service. Therefore only two tation Agency have been used as a guide in the cal prediction. phases of rail and bus transit systems are ex- design of structures, stations, and supporting Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. plored: (1) Qualitative differences between the facilities. Functional plans for stations have been services afforded, and (2) cost differentials. prepared, based on data provided by the National The volume summarizes the work done by the Capital Transportation Agency staff. This study Agency, in cooperation with the region's highway does not include an analysis of trackwork, power departments and planning agencies, to arrive at PB-168 305 supply, power distribution, or signalization. estimates of travel in the National Capital region Dames and Moore, New York. of the future, including estimates of how many PRIORITIES I, II, III, IV AND IV-A, FOUNDA- people will use^ public transportation and how TION INVESTIGATION, PROPOSED RAPID PB-168 307 TRANSIT SYSTEM, WASHINGTON, D. C, FOR Blair and Stein Associates, Washington. D. C.

7 Urban Transportation

AN EXPRESS STREET SYSTEM FOR THE most likely to maximize potential usage. The en- ministration), ('Civil engineering, Transporta- NORTH CORRIDOR OF THE INNER LOOP, gineering or design feasibility of the various tion), Urban planning. Urban areas, Economics, WASHINGTON, D. C. characteristics of construction and operation Sociology, Systems engineering. Feasibility stu- discussed here are beyond the purview of this dies. Oct62,55p study and are, therefore, not mentioned. What are Identifiers: Northeast corridor transportation pro- Original document contains color other than black presented are both positive assertions by commu- ject, High-speed passenger transportation, and white and is available in Umited supply. After ters as to what they would prefer in a new rapid WashingtonBoston corridor. present stock is exhausted, it will be available in transit system as well as deduced preferences black and white only. based on stated objections to presently available This report presents the results of a research public transportation. (Author) planning study initiated at M. I. T. on September Descriptors: (*Roads, District of Columbia), (*Ur- 16, 1964 in support of the Northeast Corridor ban planning. Roads), (*Transportation, District Transportation Project of the United States De- of Columbia), (*Civil engineering, Roads), Site PB-168 310 partment of Commerce. The objective of the selection. Passenger vehicles, Traffic, Optimiza- National Analysts, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa. Northeast Corridor Transportation Project is to tion, Costs, Feasibility studies. A SURVEY OF COMMUTER ATTITUDES determine the facilities that will be needed to TOWARD RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS. transport passengers and freight in the region ex- This report presents findings on a case study of an VOLUME III-B. METHODOLOGICAL tending roughly from Boston, Massachusetts to express street system as an alternative to the DESCRIPTION OF THE SURVEY. Washington, D. C. in the era of 1980 and North Leg of the Inner Loop in Washington, D. C. thereafter. This includes study of both technologi- The criteria for the study were to provide for a 1963, 38p cal and nontechnological aspects of transporta- capacity of 2,500 to 3,500 vehicles at the peak hour tion; analysis of transportation needs and related in each direction with minimum disruption to ex- Descriptors: ('Urban planning, Transportation), demographic and economic forecasts for the re- isting development and maximum service and ('Transportation, District of Columbia), ('Public gion; and consideration of the interaction between safety. opinion. Transportation), Urban areas. Popula- transportation services and their impact on the tion, Sampling, Sociometrics. development of the region as a whole and of its Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. many urban centers. It includes studies of both ex- PB-168 308 isting and projected faciHties for all modes of in- National Analysts, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa. The study design involved interviews in the Na- tercity transport, prospective technological im- A SURVEY OF COMMUTER ATTITUDES tional Capital Region plus comparable interviews provements in each mode and alternative network TOWARD RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS. in 'control' cities (defined as any city containing configurations. VOLUME I. THE PREFERENCE FOR RAPID areas where commuters could choose between TRANSIT AMONG NATIONAL CAPITAL RE- some form of rapid transit and a limited access GION COMMUTERS TO DOWNTOWN D. C. highway). The control cities were as follows: PB-169 564 1963, 23p Chicago, Philadelphia, and Toronto. Operations Research, Inc., Silver Spring, Md. STUDY OF TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS. Descriptors: (*Urban planning. Transportation), FEATURES OF TRAIN CONTROL SPECIFICA- (Transportation, District of Columbia), (*Public PB-168 437 TIONS. REQUIREMENTS FOR TRANSIT CAR opinion. Transportation), Population, Sampling. California Univ., Los Angeles. Dept. of Engineer- SPECIFICATIONS. Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. NCTA Technical rept. for 15 Jun 64, PROJECT TRANSIM (TRANSPORTATION R. M. Karow, E. W. Marlowe, and John K. In the months of November and December 1962, a SIMULATOR). Sheehan. Apr 64, I74p Rept. nos. 211 , 212 survey was conducted on a sample of 2,005 people Phase I rept., Contract NTA-36, who commute regularly to and from the downtown A.M. Feiler, F. C. Toscano, and E. O. Fisher. Jul D. C. area. The purpose of this survey was to 64, 167p Rept. no. 64-44 Descriptors: ('Traffic, Control systems), ('Rail- determine reactions and attitudes toward rapid Contract Cc6220 roads, Control systems), ('Railroad cars. Design), transit as contrasted to other possible methods of Specifications, Safety, Reliability, Automatic, transportation. This survey was conducted accord- Descriptors: ('Transportation, Simulators), ('Ur- Monitors, Propulsion, Display systems. Electrical ing to the latest accepted methods of scientific ban planning. Transportation), Sociology, equipment. Signals, Engines -I- motors. Brakes, sampling (PB-168 310). Accordingly, the results of Economics, Commerce, Distribution Voice communication systems, Public address the survey can be projected to the total population (Economics), Cargo, Roads, Railroads, Shipping systems. Data transmission systems, Switching of people living in the National Capital Region (Marine), Operations research. Mathematical circuits. Control panels. Doors, Heating, Air con- who commute regularly back and forth from the models. Programming (Computers). ditioning equipment. Ventilation, Couplings, downtown D. C. area. The sponsor of this survey Identifiers: TRANSIM project. Cargo vehicles. Noise, Vibration, Construction, was unknown to both interviewers and respon- Materials, Tests. dents. Furthermore, the survey questionnaire was This report covers phase I of the TRANSIM pro- Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. designed in such a manner as to avoid any possible gram, an analytical methodology which provides bias in favor of one means of transportation to the the means by which transportation interchange The report examines the part that control plays in detriment of others. As such, the survey results problems can be analyzed on a systems basis. the operation of a rapid transit railway, and a par- can be considered as objective, factual informa- TRANSIM is based on digital computer simulation ticular operating concept is recommended. The tion regarding what people's current attitudes are techniques. The TRANSIM methodology is overall requirement calls for a finer degree of con- toward various potential and existing forms of generalized so it can be applicable to a wide range trol than exists in present systems along with im- transportation. (Author) of interchange situations covering different trans- proved devices and equipment. The recommended poration modes, urban situations, traffic levels system employs mostly existing concepts but does and composition and other situation parameters. It require development of some advanced equipment PB-168 309 consists of two basic components: (1) The designs. Specifications describing the functional National Analysts, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa. TRANSIM Simulator, which includes the general requirements of a train control system are given. A SURVEY OF COMMUTER ATTITUDES purpose digital computer program and is applica- These specifications, together with appropriate TOWARD RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS. ble to the simulation of any interchange system, contractual requirements and engineering plans a basis for preparing the VOLUME II. CHARACTERISTICS OF and (2) the specifications for the set of data inputs and data, can be used as PROPOSED NEW RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM which formulates the problem and describes the detailed specifications for procurement of the con- WHICH WILL MAXIMIZE RIDERS. parameters for a particular interchange situation to trol system for the proposed National Capital be studied. The TRANSIM simulation model of a Rapid Transit System. Requirements that are Jul63,23p specific transportation interchange is formulated recommended for inclusion in the preparation of See also PB-168 308. when the Simulator and set of data inputs are com- specifications for prototype and production-model transit cars are set forth. Continuing effort should Descriptors: ('Urban planning. Transportation), be exercised by the National Capital Transporta- ('Transportation, District of Columbia), ('Public tion Agency to observe and keep pace with the ad- opinion. Transportation), Population, Sampling, PB-168 648 vances being made in the field of transit car com- Traffic, Optimization. Massachusetts Inst, of Tech., Cambridge. ponent development, e.g., trucks, motors, motor Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGY FOR HIGH SPEED controls, body framing and materials, springing, GROUND TRANSPORT, PART I. air conditioning, heating, etc., so that when the This report of the data obtained from 2,005 inter- time arrived for the specifications to be prepared, views among people in the Washington, D. C. 15 Jun65,484p the latest advances may be incorporated. area, who are regular commuters into the Contract C-85-65 downtown district, covers those aspects of com- Distribution: No limitation. muter preferences which relate to the construction PB-169 571 and operation of a proposed new rapid transit Descriptors: ('Transportation, Research program Operations Research, Inc., Silver Spring, Md. system. Its goal is to point up those characteristics administration), ('Railroads, Research program OPERATING CONCEPTS; FUNCTIONS OF AN of such a rapid transit system which would be administration), ('Roads, Research program ad- ATTENDANT ABOARD AN AUTOMATED

8 May 3, 1971

TRAIN; PRELIMINARY ESTIMATE OF ZONE The Land Use and Transportation Plan is The report summarizes work performed by Booz, FARE-COLLECTION COSTS, presented in three parts: PART I, the Plan itself, is Allen Applied Research Inc. under Bureau of M. Cornell, E. Dwyer, R. Woodhead, R. M. schematic and represents the goal for the year Public Roads Contract CPR-1 1-2630 during the Karow, and E. W. Marlowe. Apr 64, 1 lOp 1980. In this part are presented three Figures de- period from April 15, 1965 to April 15, 1966. The repts. TR-201 271 Technical , 270, picting the Plan as it applies to the rural, urban, contract stipulates that the contractor: (I ) Find the Contract NTA-36 and central business sectors of the Planning Area essential characteristics of transportation, (2) along with sufficient materials to explain and Develop a preliminary, analytic methodology Descriptors: ('Railroads, District of Columbia), define the Plan. PART II presents details and systematizing these essential characteristics and Railroads), (*Urban planning, Economics, Trans- recommendations to guide in achievement of the their functional interactions. To accomplish these portation, Urban areas. Personnel, Operations - elements of the Plan; it further defines specific objectives, four tasks must be addressed: Task 1 research. Civil engineering. elements of the Plan. PART III spells out the ac- Definition of Requirement Characteristics, Task 2 Identifiers: Rapid transit systems, Washington tion which must be taken by the City, County, and - Definition of Performance Characteristics, Task Metropolitan Area, National Capital Region. State agencies to carry out the Plan recommenda- 3 - Definition of Constraint Characteristics, Task 4 tions. The vital importance of this section lies in - Development of a Preliminary Generalized presents results This report the of a preliminary the necessity of a realization of the inescapable Model of Transportation. The work undertakes to analysis of several track arrangements and types truth that satisfactory accomplishment of the conceptualize U. S. transportation by use of the of operation that might be applicable to the route It is concerned with planning objective hinges on how well the Plan is systems analysis technique. structure, traffic projections, and service stan- implemented. (Author) the development of the systems analysis structure, dards set by the National Capital Transportation the major subprograms, and the estimating rela- Agency in their November 1962 report. The prin- tionships for each subprogram. A sample calcula- cipal function of the system is to provide com- PB-169 946 tion is included to demonstrate the overall compu- muter service for people employed in downtown National Capital Transportation Agency, tational sequence and the manner in which subpro- interrelated. Washington. Therefore, traffic is largely in one Washington, D. C. grams are direction at any time on the outlying lines. It was ENGINEERING PLANS AND COST ESTI- established that two tracks will carry the projected MATES: ENGINEERING SUPPLEMENT, PB-173 473 traffic with adequate margin. Because of these TRANSIT DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM 1965. Tri-State Transportation Commission, New York. factors, four tracks were in this not considered STATION FARE COLLECTION KEW study. Three-track lines were considered for Jan 65, 208p the GARDENS-FOREST HILLS QUEENS COUNTY, close-to-town portions of longer routes, not to in- Descriptors: ('Transportation, District of NEW YORK. crease capacity, but to improve trip times in the Colum- rept. 1 Jul 64-30 65. bia), ('Railroads, District of Columbia), ('District Final Jun direction of heavier travel. The improvement is of Columbia, Transportation), Urban planning. 30Jun65,45p small compared with the total added cost of a third Railroad tracks. Underground, Design, Costs, Rept. on Mass Transportation Demonstration track, including switches, controls, and station Vehicles, Maps, Operation. Proj. platforms. Furthermore, there is available space for only two tracks over much of the route con- Descriptors: ('Railroads, The volume consists of three parts: a description Automata), Magnetic sidered for a third track, and the cost of additional recording systems. Feasibility studies. Traffic, of the proposed 25-mile rail rapid transit system land acquisition or structures to accommodate the Input-output devices, Malfunctions, Maintenance, for the Washington, D. C. area; estimates of cost; third track would be prohibitive. Therefore, the Costs, Transportation. and plans and profiles, which depict the system in largest portion of the study dealt with various Identifiers: .Automatic fare collection systems. detail, and on which the cost estimates are based. operating concepts applicable to two-track lines Magnetic tickets. with and without passing sidings at stations. (Author) PB-170 581 The demonstration project at two stations on the Long Island Rail Road was designed to test and Massachusetts Inst, of Tech., Cambridge. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF HIGH SPEED GROUND evaluate newly developed automatic ticket encod- PB-169 936 ing and cancellation equipment under actual TRANSPORT. PART lA. Pennsylvania Dept. of Highways, Pittsburgh. operating conditions in suburban railroad stations. 15 Oct 65, 86p Automated station fare collection is a system of PITTSBURGH AREA TRANSPORTATION STU- Contract C-85-65 validating and collecting passenger fares at sta- DY. VOLUME I. STUDY FINDINGS. See alsoPB-168 648,-169 121. Final rept. tions rather than on trains. On the whole the demonstration was well received by the riding Descriptors; ('Transportation, Research program public. Mechanical and functional problems oc- Nov61, 133p administration), ('Railroads, Research program curred from time to time, but at no time did they Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Public administration), ('Roads, Research program ad- create significant interference with normal pas- Roads, Washington, D. C. ministration), ('Civil engineering. Transporta- senger flow. The results of this demonstration tion), ('Bibliographies, Transportation), Urban have influenced the development of new ticket Descriptors: ('Transportation, Pennsylvania), planning. Urban areas. Economics, Sociology, readers. Magnetic-surface paper tickets have been (*Roads, Pennsylvania), ('Pennsylvania, Trans- Systems engineering. Feasibility studies. portation), Urban planning. Population, Geog- substantially improved and manufacturing costs raphy, Vehicles, Maps. are reported to have been reduced. PB-173 021 Contents; Study design (The study area. The in- National Capital Transportation Agency, PB-173 484 ventories, The transportation planning process); Washington, D. C. CONSAD Research Corp., Pittsburgh. Pa. Travel characteristics (The travel surveys. The ac- ANNUAL REPORT NO. 1. DESIGN FOR IMPACT STUDIES: NORTHEAST curacy checks. The quantity of travel. The regu- 1 Jan 66, I3p CORRIDOR TRANSPORTATION PROJECT, larity of travel. The location of travel); Land use Wilbur A. Steger. Aug 65 , 234p (The geographic setting. The land use survey. Pat- Descriptors: ('Transportation, District of Colum- Contract C-291 -65 terns of generalized land uses. Patterns of the ('Railroads. District of Columbia), ('District bia), Prepared in cooperation with Pittsburgh Univ., metropolis. Floor space in the golden triangle); of Columbia, Transportation), Law, Construction, Pa., Center for Regional Economic Studies. Trip generation (Trips at households. Choice of Underground structures. mode. Trips at sites of urban activity); Travel Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban planning). facilities (Supply and use of streets. Supply and State-of-the-art reviews. Economics, Population, PB-173 419 Mathematical models. Booz, Allen Applied Research, Inc., Bethesda. Identifiers: Northeast Corridor Transportation Md. Project. PB-169 937 ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTIONS OF TRANS- Arkansas Univ., Fayetteville. PORTATION: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK. The report discusses the conduct of economic and JONESBORO, ARKANSAS. A COOPERATIVE Jun66, 560pRept. n> 0613 demographic impact analyses, the development of PROJECT IN TRANSPORTATION AND URBAN Contract CPR-ll-2t .J impact models, and of measures of indirect PLANNING. Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Public benefits and costs constituting the impacts of Jun62, 55p Roads, Washington, D. C. changes in the regional transportation network. Prepared in cooperation with Arkansas State Highway Dept., Bureau of Public Roads, Descriptors: ('United States Government, Washington, D. C. Research program administration), ('Transporta- PB-173 499 tion, 'Systems engineering), Performance (En- Mathematica, Princeton. N. J. Descriptors; ('Urban planning, Arkansas), ('Ar- gineering), Pattern recognition. Functions, Mathe- STUDIES IN TRAVEL DEMAND. kansas, Urban planning), ('Transportation, Ar- matical models. Mathematical logic. Flow chart- kansas), Roads, Population. ing. Traffic, Passenger vehicles. Cargo, Safety, Sep 65, 188p Identifiers: Land, Highways. Urban planning. Human engineering. Contract C-247-65

9 Urban Transportation

Descriptors: (*Transportation, Urban planning). Report on Project Transim. See also PB-168 437, dinated with the schedules of a rail service. This Mathematical prediction, Air transportation. Rail- PB-173 016. would effectively enlarge the tributary area of the roads, Passenger vehicles. suburban rail station, so many argue that this is the Identifiers: Northeast Corridor Transportation Descriptors: ('Transportation, *Law), ('Traffic, best way to attract spreading suburbanites from Project. Urban areas). Cargo vehicles. Operation, Costs, the highways back to public transportation, espe- Systems engineering. Simulators, Digital compu- cially for journeys downtown. To test this concept Contents: Methodological problems - A survey of ters. Commerce, Simulation. in the Tri-State Region a mass transportation demand for travel studies, by Ronald E. Miller; Identifiers: Transim project. demonstration project was designed to determine Some problems in forecasting transportation de- whether such coordination of two modes of travel mand, by Henry M. Peskin; Some perspectives of The results indicate the following: (1) Restrictions would indeed attract substantial journey-to-work gravity models, by Richard E. Quandt. Modal stu- and off-peak traffic when several alternatives are dies - The demand for air travel, by Roger E. Alca- increased carrier costs for urban operations. (2) available. ly;The demand for bus travel, by John Kissin; The Restrictions on truck movements during certain demand for rail travel, by Solita C. Monsod; The hours results in slightly lower carrier costs. (3) demand for automobile travel, by Frank Vanner- Restricting the use of line haul vehicles in the cen- PB-174 354 tral business district results in major increases in Commissariat a I'Energie Atomique, Saclay carrier costs due to additional terminal handling of (France). Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires. freight. (4) Restrictions on terminal locations ETUDE DE LA STRUCTURE DE LA PARA- PB-173 684 result in significantly increased carrier costs due to TOLUIDINE PAR LA DIFFRACTION DES Massachusetts Inst, of Tech., Cambridge. Dept. of increased running times, when the distances are RAYONS X ET DES NEUTRONS (THE STRUC- Civil Engineering. increased between terminal location on one hand, TURE OF PARA-TOLUIDINE BY X-RAY AND OPTIMUM ALLOCATION OF TRANSPORTA- and on the other, delivery zone and access NEUTRON DIFFRACTION). IN TION TERMINALS URBAN AREAS. highway. (5) Restrictions requiring consolidated Doctoral thesis in French, Research rept.. terminal operations result in measurable savings to Antoine Bertinotti. 10 Dec 65, 120p CEA-R-2928 Barton Emmet Cramer. 1 Nov 66, 63p R66-60 the carriers due to more efficient utihzation of ter- Text in French; attached summary in English. Contract C-85-65 minal physical plant, equipment, and manpower. (6) Consolidated pickup and delivery operations Descriptors: ('Toluidines, 'Crystal structure). Descriptors: (*Transportation, *Urban areas). result in significantly increased costs for TL ship- Molecular structure. X-ray diffraction analysis. Population, Theory, Numerical analysis. Com- ments and decreased costs for LTL shipments. (7) Neutron diffraction analysis, Chemical bonds. puter programs. Velocity, Costs, Feasibility stu- Restrictions on loading and unloading at the Molecular association. Crystal lattices. Symmetry dies. delivery and pickup stops result in increased carri- (Crystallography), Computer programs. Simplex er costs due to increased freight handling time. method, France. The report indicates a method of determining the (Author) location of a number of transportation terminals in The crystal and molecular structure of para- an urban area in such a way that they were most toluidine was solved by X-ray and neutron diffrac- accessible, and thus had the greatest utility from a PB-174 220 tion counter techniques. The molecules are ar- system customer's point of view. By equating de- Gilman (W. C.) and Co., Inc., New York. ranged in the form of infinite chains in the crystal, mand distribution with population distribution, THE RADIAL EXPRESS AND SUBURBAN each molecule being linked to two neighbours by and making some straightforward assumptions CROSSTOWN BUS RIDER. hydrogen bonds. The presence of the H bonds about travel velocity and path, a simple circular Final rept. makes clear the difference in the melting points model was constructed. Subsequent theoretical between para-toluidine and benzene hydrocarbons and numerical analyses using a computer program 1966, 232P1NT-MTD-8 of related symmetry and molecular weight. Their which was developed from the model suggested A Mass Transportation Demonstration Project. direction accounts for the (001) cleavage and the several important results. There seems good Prepared in cooperation with Dept. of Housing growth anisotropy of crystals from supersaturated reason to believe that the model, which is based on and Urban Development, Washington, D. C. vapour phase. A structure-seeking method by very modest assumptions and requires vastly less computer was elaborated, using lattice energy cal- effort to parametrize than the network approach, Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban planning), culations applied to molecules treated as rigid will generate solutions which compare favorably (•Passenger vehicles, Transportation), Urban bodies and making use of a simplex method for with more complex models. (Author) areas, Population, Traffic, Statistical analysis. function minimization without calculation of Management engineering. Housing, Feasibility derivatives. The way the available information is studies. Public opinion. handled allows to increase the range of conver- PB-173 911 Department of Commerce, Washington, D. C. The project consisted of the establishment of (a) Panel on High Speed Ground Transportation. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FOR HIGH seven new express bus routes between suburban residential areas and the central business district SPEED GROUND TRANSPORTATION. PB-174 414 Mar67,40p of St. Louis, and (b) a cross-county local bus service providing direct transit connections between Parsons Brinckerhoff-Tudor-Bechtel, San Fran- Rept. of Panel on High Speed Ground Transporta- two rapidly developing commercial centers. The cisco, Calif. duration of the operating phase of the experiment AUTOMATIC TRAIN CONTROL. pro- Final rept. Descriptors: (*Transporlation, Urban areas), was a year (May 18, 1964-May 15, 1965). A effect dur- 1964, II 7P Rept. no. 1 (Urban planning. Transportation), Passenger gram of data collection and analysis in the of the project Report on San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit vehicles. Cargo vehicles. Railroads, Traffic, Sur- ing and after operating phase conclusions and criteria District Demonstration Project. face propulsion. Braking, Roads, Aircraft, provided the basis for the Aerodynamics, Vehicles. presented in this, the final report. Specifically, the Descriptors: ('Railroads, 'Control), Railroad Identifiers: Tubed vehicles. project consisted in establishing the eight demon- tracks. Transportation, Railroad cars. Automa- tion, Costs, Velocity, United States government, Contents: Research recommendations for pre- were practicable. California. prototype studies; Roster of Panel and Subpanels; Presentations to the Panel and Subpanels; Report Four automatic train control (ATC) systems were of the Subpanel on Guideways, Suspensions and PB-174 313 demonstrated on 3 miles of double track and three Aerodynamics; Report of the Subpanel on Propul- Tri-State Transportation Commission, New York. laboratory cars. The demonstration program was sion, Energy and Braking; Report of the Subpanel COORDINATED BUS-RAIL SERVICE sponsored by the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid on Communication and Control; Report of the ROCKLAND COUNTY - WESTCHESTER Transit District, with financial assistance from the Subpanel on Terminals and Interfaces; Report of COUNTY - NEW YORK CITY. United States Government. The four ATC systems 1 63-25 65. the Subpanel on Passenger and Freight Factors; Final rept., 7 Sep Jun satisfactorily demonstrated different techniques Current HSGT R and D Contracts, Office of High Jan 67, 43p Rept. no. 2037-58I0-3M of automatic rapid transit train operation, includ- Speed Ground Transportation. Report on Mass Transportation Demonstration Project. Prepared in cooperation with Dept. of ing train protection, speed and running-time regu- Housing and Urban Development. lation, and programmed precision stopping at sta- four successfully met the intents of the PB-174 021 tions. All Functional Requirements for ATC on the California Univ., Los Angeles. Dept. of Engineer- Descriptors: ('Railroads, Transportation), ('Pas- General system. No single ATC system was signifi- ing. senger vehicles. Transportation), Employment, BART TRANSIMVILLE: APPLICATION OF TRANSIM Housing, Urban planning. Costs, Roads, Bridges, cantly outstanding. Because the propulsion and TO ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF MU- Traffic, Urban areas, Motor vehicle operators. braking systems of the three laboratory cars were NICIPAL REGULATIONS ON MOTOR CARRI- Scheduling, Management engineering. themselves developmental and under test, they ER OPERATIONS. tended to obscure the detailed performance data. The assertion has frequently been made that sub- The amount of data was too small for conclusive Jan 67. 154p urban rail patronage could be improved if feeder Contract CC-6220 bus service from outlying areas could be coor- other data are indicated. (Author)

10 May 3, 1971

PB-174 415 Contents: Memphis transit authority historical re- Descriptors: (*Transporlation, Massachusetts), Kansas State Univ., Manhattan. Engineering Ex- port; Demonstration project report; Memphis Urban areas. Railroads, Passenger vehicles, periment Station. State University study of socio-economic charac- Operation, Costs, Data, Management engineering. THE USE OF DIGITAL COMPUTERS IN THE teristics and travel habits on three transit authority ECONOMIC SCHEDULING FOR BOTH MAN routes. (Author) The major findings of the study are: (1) the declin- AND MACHINE IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTA- ing trend in public transportation ridcrship is not TION. inevitable. It can be reversed. (2) Frequency of Special rept., PB-174 419 service is a more important factor than lower fares Samy E. G. Elias.1964 65p SR-49 West Virginia Univ., Morgantown. Engineering in increasing passenger volume on public transpor- Research supported in part by Home Finance Experiment Station. tation. (3) Selected, incremental improvements in Agency. A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR OPTIMIZ- frequency can be self-sustaining. (4) It is possible ING THE ASSIGNMENT OF MAN AND to develop a model whereby the costs of alterna- Descriptors: ('Digital computers, 'Scheduling), MACHINE IN PUBLIC TRANSIT 'RUN- tive rail service levels can be accurately evaluated. (Economics, Transportation), Vehicles, Costs, CUTTING'. Management planning, Man-machine systems. Final rept., Computer programs, Pubhc opinion. Time. Samy E.G. Elias.Sep 66, 68p Research bull-81 Research supported in part by Department of PB-174 423 In recent years the number of intracity bus passen- Housing and Urban Development. Washington Univ., Seattle. Dept. of Civil En- gers has been steadily decreasing. Reduction in gineering. operating cost, through rescheduling, has been the Descriptors: ('Mathematical models, 'Transporta- SEATTLE MONORAIL, aim of companies seeking to maintain operation on tion), ('Man-machine systems, Mathematical Martin Ekse, Daniel E. Alexander, Robert G. a profitable basis. Yet, the best manual methods models), Computers, Traffic, Management Hennes, Henry P. Knowles, and Ronald fall short of solving the problem, because compu- planning. Costs, Efficiency, Mathematical predic- Erickson.Ocl62, 121p tations cannot be made quickly enough to keep tion, Reports. Prepared in cooperation with Housing and Home pace with changing conditions. As a result, atten- Finance Agency, Washington, D. C. tion has been directed to the high speed computer Contents: Project Area; Scheduling in Transporta- as the means to overcome these difficulties. tion; Selection of Criterion of Optimality; Integer Descriptors: ('Railroads, Urban areas), Washing- (Author) Linear Programming Model Introduction; Formu- ton (State), Transportation, Passenger vehicles, lation; Discussion; Heuristic Programming In- Operation, Economics, Structures, Acceptabihty. troduction; Model; Testing; Block Splitting Pro- PB-174 416 gram; Output; Selection Combination Program; The report presents the findings of a study of the Detroit Dept. of Street Railways, Mich. Output. (Author) operation of 1.2 miles of monorail in connection GRAND RIVER AVENUE TRANSIT SURVEY, with the Seattle World's Fair. The study includes: DETROIT, MICHIGAN. the analysis of capital and operating costs per- Final rept. PB-174 420 tinent to a determination of financial feasibility of 15 Jan 63, 152p Oilman (W. C.) and Co.. New York. the system under various conditions of commuter Prepared in cooperation with Wayne State Univ., A SURVEY TO EVALUATE THE CRITERIA demand; operating characteristics (such as noise, Detroit, Mich. Urban Research Lab. Report on WHICH INFLUENCE THE PURCHASE AND vibration, speeds, smoothness, load time and com- H.H.F.A. Demonstration Grant Program. USE OF A MONTHLY TRANSIT PASS AND TO fort) and the mechanical problems attending the DETERMINE REASONS WHY TRANSIT NON operation of the trains and terminals; structural Descriptors: ('Passenger vehicles. Reports), PASS RIDERS DO NOT PURCHASE A PASS. characteristics (such as footing, settlements or tilt- Transportation, Urban areas. Traffic, Costs, Law, Final rept. ing, beam camber, switching, joints, strength and Maps, Data, Michigan. 11 Dec 64, 82p safety); right-of-way problems and effects on Supported in part by a grant from U. S. Housing street capacity and traffic; public acceptance The purpose of the study on Grand River Avenue, and Home Finance Agency. among riders, adjacent property owners, adjacent Detroit, Michigan, was twofold: To determine the business proprietors and the general public; ef- extent to which passenger usage is affected by the Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Public opinion). fects of the system on adjoining business and pro- frequency of service on a given line; To measure Urban areas. Passenger vehicles. Costs, Money, perty values; and the coordination of the system the effect of improved transit service on other Questionnaires, Maps, Missouri, Illinois. with parking facilities and with other transit facili- traffic using this street. Contents: Bi-Stale transit fare structure; Pas- senger estimates; Pass cost per ride; Monthly pass PB-174 417 sales procedures; General analysis of pass use; PB-174 740 Simpson and Curtin, Philadelphia, Pa. Detailed analyses based on post card survey; Sum- Tri-State Transportation Commission, New York. ACQUISITION AND PUBLIC OPERATION OF mary and analyses of the report. (Author) PARK N' RIDE RAIL SERVICE: NEW BRUN- TRANSIT SERVICES IN PROVIDENCE-PAW- SWICK, NEWARK, NEW YORK CITY. TUCKET METROPOLITAN AREA. Final rept., 27 Oct 63-24 Apr 65. Jun65,70p PB-174 421 May67,43p Availability: Original document in color until ex- District of Columbia Mass Transportation Demon- Prepared in cooperation with U. S. Dept. of Hous- hausted. Sponsored by a grant from Housing and stration Project, Washington. ing and Urban Development. Washington, D. C. Home Finance Agency. THE MINIBUS IN WASHINGTON, D. C. New Jersey Dept. of Transportation, and Pennsyl- Final rept. Descriptors: ('Passenger vehicles, 'Urban areas). May 65, 79p DC-MTD-2 Transportation, Money, Roads, Traffic, Maps, Prepared in cooperation with Government of the Descriptors: ('Transportation, Feasibility stu- Population, Management planning. Data, District of Columbia, and Washington dies), ('Railroads, Passenger vehicles). New Jer- Michigan. Metropolitan Area Transit Commission. sey, New York, Reviews, Railroad cars. Public opinion. Attitudes, Costs, Economics. Contents: Background; Existing transit opera- Descriptors: ('Passenger vehicles. District of tions; Transit improvements over next decade; Columbia), Urban areas. Transportation, Opera- In late October 1963, a mass transportation Public ownership of transit; Economies under tion, Economics, Effectiveness, Traffic. demonstration project was inaugurated in New public ownership; Obligations under public owner- Brunswick, N. J., on the main line of the Pennsyl- ship; Past and prospective results of operations; The purpose of the test was to determine whether vania Railroad. The principal findings were the fol- Valuation of property; Acquisition of UTC small buses, designed specially for circulation lowing: (1) Located outside the central business system. (Author) within Retail Core areas, operating on a fixed district of a suburban city, a Park 'N Ride station route and a frequent schedule, could attract that has convenient vehicular access with ample enough riders to facilitate the movement of peo- parking space will attract new patrons to rail ser- PB-174 418 ple, reduce traffic congestion, and stimulate busi- vice. (2) The appeal of an outlying station primari- Memphis Transit Authority, Tenn. ness activity. The Minibus successfully achieved ly dependent upon the private automobile for ac- MASS TRANSPORTATION STUDIES IN MEM- each of these objectives. (Author) cess will be infl uenced by the availa bility of direct PHIS. TRANSIT SYSTEM'S HISTORY 1956-1965 jutes from the su rrounding re- SUBURBAN RIDERSHIP DEMONSTRATION sidential areas. 3) The extent to wh ch an outlying PROJECT. PB-174 422 th free parking, will Mar 65, 120p Massachusetts Mass Transportation Commission. gers away from the suburban city ce Supported in part by a grant from Housing and MASS TRANSPORTATION IN MAS- conditioned by the frequency of tr Home Finance Agency. Availability: Original SACHUSETTS. the^outlying sta tion as contrasted with the center document in coloruntil exhausted.

Joseph F. Maloney.Jul 64, 1 55p Descriptors: ('Passenger vehicles. Reports), Report on Mass Transportation Demonstration Transportation, Urban areas. Management Project. Research supported in part by U. S. Hous- PB-174 746 planning. Costs, Money, Roads, Tennessee. ing and Home Finance Agency. Bureau of Publi c Roads, Washington, D. C.

11 Urban Transportation

PROCEEDINGS: PROGRAM REVIEW MEET- Wages, Experimental data. Periodic variations, precise structural design and incorporation of new ING: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF Feasibility studies, Tennessee. materials and structural concepts (continued); TRAFFIC SYSTEMS, DECEMBER 6, 7, AND 8, Development and application of new technology 1966, GAITHERSBURG, MD. The purpose of the demonstration project was to to the location, design, construction, and main- Dec 66, 425p study the attitudes of patrons toward certain tenance processes. (Author) unique experimental bus lines, operated within the Descriptors: (*Traffic, Symposia), ('Passenger urban area, and to develop a basis for predicting vehicles, 'Transportation), Roads, Urban areas. probable results of similar lines by relating certain PB-174 947 Maneuverability, Control systems. Motor vehicle observed land use, social and economic charac- National Capital Transportation Agency, operators. Communication systems. Optimization, teristics of the areas served to such experimental Washington, D C. Analysis, Energy conversion. Systems engineer- bus lines. An additional study purpose was to ANNUAL REPORT 1966. ing. 1 Jan67,28p services and to reveal how the experimental lines Contents: Vehicle control in overtaking and either complimented or detracted from the overall Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'District of Colum- passing maneuvers; Energy absorption as related network of transit lines. The study did not explore bia), Management engineering. Specifications, to highway system modification; Improving relia- the impact of changes in transit technology or the Traffic, Engineering, Urban areas. Budgets, Law, bility of urban intersection movements; Driving feasibility of such forms of transit as rail mass control processes; Effects of environmental fac- transit. Significant changes in transit technology tors on traffic operations; Improved utilization of could drastically alter the entire transit system. Contents: Transit development program; Agency interchanges; Analysis and control of traffic flow Past experience does show that rail transit, at its operations - 1966; Engineering; Board of engineer- on urban freeways; Highway communications; present level is most feasible for communities of ing consultants; Public works coordination; Equip- Optimization of flow on urban networks. larger size and higher densities than Nashville. ment; Architecture; Planning; Public Information and Community Services; Land acquisition and relocation services; The Washington metropolitan PB-174 757 PB-174 849 area transit authority compact. (Author) MPC Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. Port of Oakland, Calif. REPORT ON TESTING AND EVALUATION OF AIR CUSHION VEHICLE. THE TRANSIT EXPRESSWAY. PB-175 764 20 Feb 67, 291 p John L. Lambert. Apr 67, 80p CAL-MTD-3 Barrington and Co., New York. Contract 602 Prepared in cooperation with Dept. of Housing THE EFFECT OF THE 1966 TRANSIT STRIKE Prepared in cooperation with Port Authority of Al- and Urban Development. Rept. on Mass Transpor- ON THE TRAVEL BEHAVIOR OF REGULAR legheny County, Pittsburgh, Pa. and Department tation Demonstration Project. TRANSIT USERS. of Housing and Urban Development, Washington, 1966, 120p D.C. Descriptors: ('Ground effect machines, 'Trans- portation), ('Amphibious vehicles, Transporta- Descriptors; ('Behavior, Transportation), ('Em- Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban Areas), tion), Passenger vehicles. Water traffic. ployee relations, 'Transportation), Public opinion. Railroads, Costs, Tests, Passenger vehicles. Con- Economics, Airports, Performance (Engineering), Questionnaires, Passenger vehicles, Urban areas. trol systems. Railroad tracks. Design, Steel, Popu- Urban areas. Tables, Velocity, Feasibility studies, Costs, Sampling, Statistical analysis. New York. lation, Specifications, Foundations (Structures), Operation, Money, Time, Air, Design, Organiza- Structural parts. Weather, Computers, Efficiency, tions, Maps, Weather, Costs, Maintenance, From January 1 to January 13, 1966 the City of Automation, Communication systems. Pneumatic California. New York experienced a major work stoppage by brakes, Safety, Public opinion. Identifiers: Area Redevelopment. the operating employees. More than 40,000 transit employees struck the various companies, The Transit Expressway is not a monorail. The all The study reports on the suitability of the air completely halting all services. Sixteen million re- electric vehicle resembles a bus and runs on four cushion vehicle for use in public transportation. sidents in New York City and its metropolitan area pairs of driven pneumatic tires. Each roadway has Air cushion vehicles were utilized for a one-year were affected in one way or another. While tracks which are 22 inch wide ribbons of concrete. period in scheduled, passenger service between negotiations were proceeding towards a strike set- A steel T beam called the 'guide beam" is three terminals in the San Francisco Bay Area: tlement, public officials including the members of mounted between these and is used by the guide Oakland International Airport, downtown San this Authority, expressed their concern, first, over wheels on the vehicle to steer each axle and to Francisco and San Francisco International Air- the public welfare and second, over the effects of firmly position and lock the vehicle on the road- port. Extensive operating and economic data was the strike on public passenger transit. Of major way. The system is based on the use of compact, collected and a continuous passenger survey was concern was the possible loss of rapid transit minimum weight automated vehicles operating undertaken for the desired evaluations. This is the patronage and an increase in the use of other singly or in trains. The concept provides computer final project report, and it describes the project modes of travel which could further complicate controlled constant service round-the-clock, with background and organization, the procedures fol- the city's traffic and transportation problems. It a train passing a given point as frequently as every lowed during the project, and the results and con- was decided to attempt a study that would 120 seconds. The South Park Project was operated clusions derived. establish the effect of the strike on the public and for shake down, and engineering and operating on its future travel patterns. (Author) feasibility evaluation test purposes between Au- gust 4, 1965 and June 7, 1966. The system logged PB-174 888 21,316 vehicle miles during this period. The Bureau of Public Roads, Washington, D. C. Office PB-175 847 economic feasibility of Transit Expressway was of Research and Development. CONSAD Research Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. tested by a dynamic simulation model of a com- TASK AND STUDY STATEMENTS OF THE NA- A PROPOSED LIBRARY AND DOCUMENTA- mercial system. The hypothetical system covered TIONAL PROGRAM FOR RESEARCH AND TION PROGRAM FOR TRANSPORTATION, ten double track route miles and ten stations DEVELOPMENT IN HIGHWAY TRANSPORTA- George Brown. Mar 67, 76p between a central business district and an outlying TION. Prepared in cooperation with the Department of residential section in a medium population density Commerce, Washington, D. C. Office of the Un- area. Capital costs and a method of financing the Jan 67, 307p dersecretary for Transportation. system were developed. Operations were costed, revenues at a fixed fare determined, and cash Descriptors: ('Roads, 'Transportation), Descriptors: ('Documentation, 'Transportation), flows analyzed over a twenty-six year operating Economics, Traffic, Urban areas. Dynamics, Con- ('Libraries, Transportation), ('Technical informa- trol, Pavements, Design, Materials, Optimization, tion centers. Transportation), Feasibility studies. Environmental tests. Velocity, Stresses, Ac- Information retrieval. Periodicals, Classification, cidents, Bridges, Structures, Maintenance, Communication systems. Vocabulary, Stan- PB-174 758 Specifications, Performance (Engineering), Metropolitan Planning Commission, Nashville, Management planning. Identifiers: EDUCOM. Tenn. EXPERIMENTAL BUS LINES IN Contents: Definition of underlying requirements The study was addressed to a preliminary assess- METROPOLITAN NASHVILLE. for highway transportation; Analytic definition of ment of existing transportation collections in the Final rept. complex traffic movements; Development of im- United States. The purpose was to attempt to 1966, 87P proved analytic techniques for designing the com- discern a viable approach to developing a national Research supported by grant from Department of ponents of highway transportation systems; transportation information system to serve the Housing and Urban Development, Washington, D. Development of methods for reliable forecasting missions of a coordinated field of transportation. of demand for highway transportation; Develop- Leadership exercised in this regard could also ment of methods for increasing capacity, control, have the effect of strengthening the library and in- Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas). Pas- and safety in traffic movement; Development of formation services throughout the country which senger vehicles. Traffic, Urban planning. Roads, techniques for more precise structural design and aim to support research, policy, and data systems Questionnaires, Population, Analysis, Housing, incorporation of new materials and structural con- efforts on the various aspects of the transportation Tables, Performance (Engineering), Costs, Maps, cepts; Development of techniques for more field. Two alternative concepts were considered:

12 May 3, 1971

(1) Bibliographic self-suf ficiency--which would first report covered the fiscal year ending June PB-176 484 imply the development of a National Library of 1966 and was submitted in September 1966. The Maryland Univ., College Park. Dept. of Business Transportation; and (2) Resource-sharing-which three basic activities authorized by the Act are: would imply establishing service agreements and Research and development in high speed ground STUDYING TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS communication linkages among the major trans- transportation; Demonstration projects to deter- FROM THE CONSUMER VIEWPOINT, SOME portation collections to evolve into a national mine the contributions that high speed ground RECOMMENDATIONS, S. J. Hille, G. A. Brunner, F. T. Paine, and A. N. transportation information system. The second al- transportation could make to more efficient and is (Author) Nash. Sep 67, 16p ternative recommended. economical intercity transportation systems; A na- Contract CPR-1 1-0960 tional program to improve the scope and availability of transportation statistics. (Author) PB-17S 929 Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas). Pas- Voorhees (Alan M.) and Associates, Inc., senger vehicles. Roads, Costs, Time, Traffic, Va. Questionnaires, Public opinion. Feasibility stu- McLean, PB-176 158 WASHINGTON, D. C. 1980 RAIL RAPID California Univ., Los Angeles. Dept. of Engineer- TRANSIT PATRONAGE FORECASTS. The objectives of the University of Maryland CASE STUDIES OF TRANSIM ANALYSIS, Jul 67, 137p Study of Consumer Demand for Transportation A. M. Feiler. May Kept. no. 67-7 Contract NTA-66-2 67, 140p were to: Identify the characteristics of an ideal Contract C-94-66 Prepared in cooperation with National Capital urban passenger transport system as conceived by Rept. on proj. See also PB-173 016. Transportation Agency, Washington, D. C. TRANSIM. the consumer, and determine the extent to which consumers consider existing modes to satisfy this Descriptors: ('Transportation, Descriptors: ('Transportation, District of Colum- 'Simulators), ideal. The first volume reports the results of two bia), (*Passenger vehicles, *Traffic), Government ('Computer programs. Transportation), Traffic, pilot sample survey studies conducted in the Bal- employees. Predictions, Accuracy, Costs, Popula- Classification, Performance (Engineering), Opera- timore and Philadelphia metropolitan areas. The tion, Employment, Economics. tion, Monte Carlo method. Instruction manuals. second volume is a brief 16 page overview of the Railroads, Merchant vessels. Costs, Vehicles, conduct of the studies, their reliability and limita- Rail rapid transit has been recognized as an essen- Data processing systems. Shipping (Marine), tions, and current knowledge. These studies differ tial ingredient in the total transportation system Great Lakes, Models (Simulations), Analysis. from most previous transport modal choice required to serve the Washington Metropolitan Identifiers: Transim project. research in that they analyze the personal attitu- Area. The National Capital Transportation Agen- dinal calculus of the user in making the modal cy, formed in 1960 to establish and maintain a Contents: Container ship-truck system; Rail clas- decision, and pursues the concept of measuring in transit development program, has been authorized sification yard - trailer-on-flat-car (TOFC) opera- scalar terms the relative importance and satisfac- by the Congress of the United States to proceed tions; Motor carrier urban freight operations; Rail tion of factors influencing modal choice through with final design and construction of a 25-mile rail unit train operations; Great Lakes - St. Lawrence psychologically oriented methods. A structuring of rapid transit system. This report provides indepen- seaway pilotage and shipping systems; Marine the importance of system attributes has been accomplished for the trip, trip, dent estimates of the patronage which would be at- port-complex. (Author) work the non-work and a composite general ideal system. Eight fac- tracted by the authorized system rail rapid transit tors appear salient to consumers in making trans- lines. Also contained in this report are patronage port decisions; estimates for the proposed revision of the PB-176 289 mode arrayed by importance, they authorized system known as the modified system. National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D C. are: Reliability of destination achievement, con- Technical Analysis Div. venience and comfort, travel time, cost, condition NOTES ON THE STATE-OF-THE-ART OF of vehicle, independence and self esteem, con- PB-176 114 BENEFIT-COST ANALYSIS AS RELATED TO gestion, and diversions while in travel. Mathematica, Princeton, N.J. TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS. STUDIES IN TRAVEL DEMAND. VOLUME II, Technical note, PB-176 485 Richard E. Quandt, and William J. Baumol. 30 Sep Joseph D. Crumlish. 1 Nov 66, 45p NBS-TN-294 Maryland Univ., College Park. Dept. of Business 66, 231p Administration. Contract C-1 87-66 Descriptors: ('Transportation, State-of-the-art CONSUMER CONCEIVED ATTRIBUTES OF See also VOLUME I-PB-173 499. reviews), ('Decision en- making, 'Management TRANSPORTATION: AN ATTITUDE STUDY, gineering). Costs, Simulation, Economics, Water F. T. Paine, A. N. Nash, S. J. Hille, and G. A. Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban planning). supplies, Roads, Urban planning. Brunner. Jun 67, 196p Mathematical prediction. Air transportation, Rail- Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Public roads, Passenger vehicles. This review of benefit-cost analysis as a tool for Roads, Washington, D.C. evaluating alternative courses of action describes Contents: Estimation and testing in abstract mode the technique, discusses a number of benefit-cost Descriptors: ('Transportation, Public opinion). models - The abstract mode model; theory and studies, and indicates the difficulties inherent in Passenger vehicles. Urban areas. Time, Costs, measurement; Tests of the abstract mode model; this area of applied economics. The author con- Questionnaires, Roads, Traffic, Behavior, Reac- non-linear model of passenger demand; A A centrates on the application of the technique to tion (Psychology), Weather, Economics, Tables, probabilistic abstract con- mode model; Some large scale transport problems, reviews the Htera- Attitudes. siderations on the choice among forecasting for- ture and indicates in his conclusions where the mulas; Alternative approaches and special technique can be helpful and where there is little The objectives of the University of Maryland problems - Some problems and prospects in col- Study of Consumer Demand for Transportation lecting data on travel demand; A cross-sectional were to: Identify the characteristics of an ideal model of the demand for rail passenger service in urban passenger transport system as conceived by the Northeast Corridor; Time patterns of traffic PB-176 478 the consumer, and determine the extent to which Corridor trans- volume; An optimization model for CONSAD Research Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. consumers consider existing modes to satisfy this portation planning. IMPACT STUDIES: NORTHEAST CORRIDOR ideal. Results are presented of two pilot sample survey studies conducted in the Baltimore and TRANSPORTATION PROJECT. VOLUME I. BACKGROUND, OVERVIEW, AND SUMMARY. Philadelphia metropolitan areas. A structuring of PB-176 115 the importance of system attributes was accom- D. Department of Transportation, Washington, C. Sep67,89p plished for the work trip, the non-work trip, and a SECOND REPORT ON THE HIGH SPEED composite general ideal system. Eight Contract C-1 04-66 factors ap- GROUND TRANSPORTATION ACT OF 1965. pear salient to consumers in making transport Sep 67, 55p mode decisions; arrayed by importance, they are: Descriptors: {'Transportation, Economics), Reliability of destination achievement, con- Design, Passenger vehicles. Cargo, Networks, Descriptors: ('Transportation, Railroads), ('Rail- venience and comfort, travel time, cost, condition Costs, Effectiveness, Urban areas, Traffic, Feasi- roads, 'Experimental design). Velocity, Statistical ' of vehicle, independence and self esteem, con- bility studies. analysis. Urban areas, Economics, Classification, gestion, and diversions while in travel. Given Costs, Data processing systems. Railroad cars, present levels of service, consumer satisfaction The report deals with the nature and strategy of Design, Performance (Engineering), Instrumenta- with public transportation was found to be much the impact modeling and with the problems of tion, Underground structures. farther from the ideal than the private automobile developing measures to evaluate the indirect con- for both trip purposes and is greatest for the non- The report complies with Section 10 (a) of the sequences of changes in the transportation network trip. (Author) High Speed Ground Transportation Act of 1965 as work. The objective of the impact studies is to amended by the Department of Transportation Act determine, insofar as possible, the interaction of October 15, 1966, requiring the Secretary of between alternative transportation facilities and PB-176 901 Transportation to report to the President and the the economic, demographic, physical, and social Development Labs.. Inc., Santa Monica, Calif. Congress, not less often than annually, with environment of the Northeast Corridor and its su- A DISCUSSION OF TRANSIT CAR FEATURES. respect to activities carried out under the Act. The bareas. (Author) Technical note.

13 Urban Transportation

John K. Sheehan. Jun 64. lOlp TN-64-19 from the 'best' concept for each criteria. In addi- CAMERON). Contract NTA-36 tion six of these operating concepts were selected for more detailed consideration. Each concept, as May 64. 233p Descriptors: (*Railroad cars. Design), Urban applied specifically to the B and O route of the Contract NTA-34 areas, Performance (Engineering), Acceleration, proposed Washington Transit System, is in- Seats, Costs, Railroad tracks. Power, Specifica- vestigated to determine its response to changes in Descriptors: (*Railroads, Design), Construction, tions, Air conditioning equipment. Statistical anal- design or operating characteristics. The sensitivity Maintenance, Transportation, Costs, Structures, ysis. Maintenance, Velocity, Time, Vehicle of operating concepts to design changes is shown. Railroad tracks. Storage, Maps, District of Colum- (Author) bia, Maryland, Virginia. Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. The car is a subsystem in the overall system of profile, track, car, stations, power distribution and PB-176 976 Contents: Design criteria; Description of routes; traffic control. Final decisions have not been made Operations Research, Inc., Silver Spring, Md. Description of stations; Maintenance shops and in these areas; therefore, car design must be left COMPARISON OF TRANSIT VEHICLE storage yards; Structures; Subway; Railroad somewhat flexible at this time. In subsequent sec- SYSTEMS. crossings; Track structure; Changes to existing tions it will be demonstrated that car dimensions railroads and utilities; Estimate of cost; Construc- need not or cannot reasonably exceed certain E. W. Marlow. Apr 64, 43p TR-213 tion period. (Author) upper and/or lower limits. Each dimension which Contract NTA-36 has the highest probability of adoption, and the factors affecting its determination will be Descriptors: (*Railroads, Compatibility), Design. PB-176 979 presented. Behavioral characteristics, physical Costs, Transportation, Railroad tracks. Main- Bureau of Public Roads, Washington, D.C. Office layout and dimensions determine overall system tenance, Vehicle wheels. Noise, Vehicle accesso- of Research and Development. performance. In several instances a compromise ries. Performance (Engineering), Safety, District PROCEEDINGS, NATIONAL CONFERENCE, of comfort considerations is necessary after per- of Columbia, FeasibiHty studies. Tires. AASHO COMMITTEE ON ELECTRONICS, formance and/or cost factors are considered; but Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. Trucks (Rail- MAY 23-24 1967, ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA. the compromise is made as a last step rather than road), Rubber-tired vehicles. as the first, so that the effect of the compromise is 1967, 293p understood. Performance characteristics have Two-axle rail cars, the Paris Metro-type rubber- Prepared in cooperation with Minnesota Dept. of received a great deal of attention since they affect tired vehicle system, and the SSG (so-called Milan Highways. directly the ability of the car to provide the high type) experimental vehicle system are discussed speed, low trip time service specified for the and compared with conventional rail vehicle Descriptors: ('Management engineering, 'Data system. This has involved study of adhe- NCTA systems with particular reference to application on processing systems), ('Transportation, Sympo- sion in steel-wheeled cars, motors, motor controls, the system proposed by the NCTA for the Na- sia), Electronic equipment. Reports, Scientific brakes, brake controls, suspensions, and the rela- tional Capital region. The SSG system is described research. Optical scanning, Telemeter systems. tionship of the car to the profile and to the traffic because it is less well known than the other Data transmission systems. Statistical analysis. control system. The analyses of dimensional systems and because it is necessary to identify the Computer programs, Data storage systems. Com- aspects presented in this study have been made, specific developmental version that is under puter logic. Traffic, Mathematical analysis. Pro- and the objectives of the study are given. (Author) gramming (Computers), Urban planning. Roads, Information retrieval. Remote control systems, Time sharing. PB-176 902 PB-176 977 Identifiers: Highway transportation, AASHO Development Labs., Inc., Santa Monica. Calif Operations Research, Inc., Silver Spring, Md. (American Association of State Highway Offi- ON-BOARD ENERGY IN RAIL STORAGE A RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS SIMULATOR. cials), Highways. RAPID TRANSIT. Technical rept., Technical note, R. P. Woodhead, T. R. Shaw, and E. W. Marlowe. The proceedings discussed recent advances in E. W. Marlowe. Jun 64, 24p TN-64-23 Jun 64, l02pTR-217 electronic technology and allied fields which are Contract NTA-36 Contract NTA-36 adaptable to highway engineering and management operations. With the application of computer Descriptors: (*Railroads, Power), Flywheels, Descriptors: (*Railroads, Computer programs), technology to management and administrative Energy, Storage, Design, Acceleration, Transmis- (•Traffic, Mathematical models). Digital compu- functions dramatic new applications of computers sions, Railroad cars. Velocity, Electric motors. ters. Networks, Design, Railroad cars. Per- have been made. Potential applications include Control systems. formance (Engineering), Models (Simulations), statewide and metropolitan area transportation Control systems. Effectiveness, Subroutines. research and planning in addition to its more tradi- The Development Laboratories, Inc. of Santa Identifiers: Rapid transit. tional functions of driver licensing, traffic en- Monica, California, have developed a novel forcement, safety research and promotion, mechanical transmission suitable for use with The simulator described in this report has been highway and bridge design, and roadway main- flywhee 1 energy storage and they have proposed a developed to test track layouts, vehicle charac- tenance. Also examined were management infor- control system in principle for applying this teristics, control system characteristics, and train mation systems, computer utilization, new method of energy storage to rapid transit cars. The schedules. The simulator consists of a program for developments in input, integrated proposed system avoids the worst disavantages of computer and a large-scale digital computer (the Control Data earlier systems and appears to have enough techni- Corporation (CDC) 1640A). Generally speaking, cal merit to justify consideration for future use. the program itself does not include descriptions of (Author) the railway, the control system, the vehicle, the PB-177 025

train, the train schedule, etc., and it is therefore Simpson and Curtin, San Francisco, Cahf. PB-176 975 equally well suited to any rapid transit system. The FARE STRUCTURES. details of these items are included as input data Operations Research, Inc., Silver Spring, Md. Rept. on Work Item V of Northern California TECHNICAL APPENDIX TO OPERATING that can be changed at will. This capability is im- Transit Demonstration Project. CONCEPTS REPORT. portant because it is the means by which different Technical rept.. designs and plans can be tested quickly and effi- Feb 66, 222p M. Cornell. E. Dwyer. and R. Woodhead. Apr 64, ciently. Problem preparation consists of introduc- Research supported in part by Housing and Home 106p TR-201A ing the basic program, the description of the rail- Finance Agency, Washington, D.C. Technical Contract NTA-36 way, certain options and constraints, schedules, rept. no. 51, Analysis of Fare Structures. Techni- etc., and an indication of the desired output infor- cal rept. no. 52. Alternate Fare Proposals. Techni- Descriptors: ('Railroads, Feasibility studies). mation. Development of the simulator has been a cal rept. no. 53. Fare Plans. Passenger and Operation, Design, Effectiveness, Velocity, Ac- formidable task. The simulator is a very flexible Revenue Projections. Technical rept. no. 54, celeration, Railroad cars. Time, Railroad tracks. tool because it is organized so that its operation Alameda Costa District Fare Alternatives for the Deceleration, Tables, Analysis, District of Colum- can be readily refined or increased in scope to Existing System. bia, Reports. solve problems beyond those mentioned in the foregoing paragraphs. (Author) Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban areas), A format was developed for estimating the effec- ('Urban planning. Transportation), Population, tiveness of rapid transit operating concepts in Passenger vehicles. Railroads, Economics, Traf- terms of selected criteria. A preliminary analysis PB-176 978 fic, Costs, Money, California, Distribution was made for the following operating patterns: lo- Klauder (Louis T.) and Associates, Philadelphia. (Economics), Management control systems. cal; A-B skip-stop, and three-track local-express. Pa. Statistical analysis. In this Appendix other operating concepts are PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF RAIL RAPID Identifiers: Fares (Transportation). described and a comparison is made of all con- TRANSIT ON THE SILVER SPRING- cepts on the basis of the selected criteria. The ROCKVILLE ROUTE (UNION STATION TO The report has been prepared to reflect current resultant evaluations are shown. The various ROCKVILLE) AND ALEXANDRIA-SPRING- progress on this particular phase and sets forth ratings are based upon the percent degradation FIELD ROUTE (FOUR MILE RUN TO preliminary findings and conclusions; it should be '

14 May 3, 1971

recognized that these findings and conclusions are number and duration of delays, providing public Identifiers: RAPAID TRANSIT SYSTEMS. subject to modification depending upon the results information, and improving policing and passenger of other phases of the project. (Author) safety. (Author) Contents: Study design; Travel forecasting

procedures; The Washington area - 1990; 1990 transit ridership and revenue; Traffic analysis PB-177 030 PB-177 052 Metropolitan Transit Authority of Maryland, Bal- Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. PROPOSED REGIONAL RAPID RAIL TRANSIT THE METRO FLYER: A SUBURBAN EXPRESS PLAN AND PROGRAM. PB-177 056 BUS SERVICE TO DOWNTOWN, TOWSON Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. AREA, BALTIMORE COUNTY-BALTIMORE Dec 67, 35p OPERATING COST ANALYSIS. CITY, MARYLAND. See also technical rept. nos. 1, PB-177 053; 2, PB- Technical rept. Final rept. 2 May 66-28 Apr 67. 177 054; 3, PB-177 055; 4, PB-177 056; and 5, PB- 177 057. 1 Dec 67,64pTR-4 28 Apr67, 34p See also technical rept. nos. 1, PB-177 053; 2, PB- Descriptors: Prepared in cooperation with Department of ('Transportation, Urban areas). 177 054; 3, PB-177 055; and 5, PB-177 057. planning. Railroads, Housing and Urban Development, Washington, D. Urban Underground struc- Prepared in cooperation with Coverdale and Col- C, and McMahon Transportation Company, Inc. tures. Costs, Traffic, Money, Passenger vehicles. pitts. New York. District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, Roads, Descriptors: (*Urban planning, *Transportation), Construction, Operation, Population. Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas). (*Passenger vehicles. Feasibility studies). Identifiers: *Rapid transit systems. Economics, Operation, Costs, Analysis, Rail- Research program administration, Public opinion, roads, Maintenance, Labor, Urban planning. Dis- Contents; Modern transportation for metro Decision making. Stress (Psychology), Costs, Ta- trict of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, Traffic, bles, Statistical analysis. Washington; Capital cost analysis; Traffic, Operators (Personnel). revenue Identifiers: Rapid transit systems, Metropolitan and expenses; Financing the program. Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. Commuters. Baltimore area (Maryland), Area planning and development, Metro Flyer. Contents: Description of test systems; System PB-177 053 criteria; Basis for estimate; Estimated operating The purpose of this project was to explore the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. practicability of providing a suburban, low densi- SYSTEM PLANNING. ty, high income residential area with express buts Technical rept. service to the downtown shopping, recreational, PB-177 057 and employment centers. The Towson, Maryland Dec67,50pTR-l Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. See also technical rept. nos. 2, PB-177 054; 3, PB- residential area and its several adjacent suburban FINANCIAL PROGRAM. 177 055; 4, PB-177 056; and 5, PB-177 057. areas (combined population in excess of 19,000) Technical rept. were provided with modern, air-conditioned ex- Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas). press bus service to the central business district of 1967, 33PTR-5 Urban planning. Design, Railroads, Underground Baltimore city, using limited access highways for See also technical rept. nos. 1, PB-177 053; 2, PB- structures. Organizations, Public relations. approximately 72 percent of the one-way trip. Ser- 177 054; 3, PB-177 055; and 4, PB-177 056. Growth, District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, vice was coordinated with the principal hours of Prepared in cooperation with Kuhn, Loeb and Co. Costs, Traffic, Analysis. employment, and timely trips were provided tor Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. shoppers. Included in the project were provisions Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas). for free parking facihties, an adequate promo- Economics, Money, Costs, Urban planning. Or- Contents: Legislative history; Action program; tional campaign, and a data collection program ganizations, Public relations. Traffic, Predictions, Regional growth; Alternative system selection; that would yield information of value to other Contracts, District of Columbia, Maryland, Vir- Capital costs analysis; Traffic forecast; Operating communities contemplating similar express bus ginia, Budgets. cost analysis; Airlie Il-A system; Proposed re- service programs. The project bus service Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. Financial pro- gional system. operated as a demonstration program for one year. gram. The great majority of transit trips were peak hour, Contents: Revenue (security, work-oriented trips. The service was continued, PB-177 054 bonds bond reserve fund, interest, with minor modifications, by the private carrier Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. maturity, sinking fund, redemption, after the close of the experiment. Data pertinent to CAPITAL COST ANALYSIS. ment), priorities, capital grants. the project was collected throughout the program. Technical rept. (Author) Dec 67, 178p TR-2 PB-177 058 See also technical rept. nos. I, PB-177 053; 3, PB- PB-177 048 Kaiser Engineers, Los Angeles, Calif. 177 055; 4, PB-177 056; and 5, PB-177 057. New York City Transit Authority. ENGINEERING FEASIBILITY AND DEVELOP- TWO-WAY RADIO COMMUNICATION MASS Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas). MENT STUDIES OF RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM TRANSPORTATION DEMONSTRATION PRO- Costs, Analysis, Urban planning. Railroad tracks. AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE NATIONAL JECT. Underground structures, Automatic, Control CAPITAL REGION. VOLUME I. Final rept. systems. District of Columbia, Maryland, Vir- Jul 63-11 ginia, Organizations, Passenger vehicles, Con- 63, 96pRept.no. -RE 1968, 96P See also Volume no. 2, PB-177 059. Prepared iii Contract H-638 Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. cooperation with National Capital Transportation Agency. Washington, D. C. Descriptors: ('Railroads, *Radio communication Contents: Establishing system criteria; Proposed systems). Transmitter-receivers, Feasibility stu- Descriptors: ('Railroads, Feasibility studies). regional system ; Methods of construction and esti- dies. Voice communication systems. Radio equip- mates of cost; Rapid transit vehicles and other Models (Simulations), Networks, Power supplies. ment. Operators (Personnel), Police, Railroad Alignment, Underground structures. Geology, cars. Statistical analysis. Mobile, Engineering, Ta- Traffic, Construction, Soils, Costs, Labor, Con- bles, New York, Portable, Power supplies. Opera- struction materials. Public opinion. Ventilation, tion, Maintainability, Costs. PB-177 OSS Computers, Maryland, District of Columbia, Vir- Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. New York City. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. ginia. TRAFFIC FORECAST. Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. In its search for a better medium, this Authority Technical rept. specified two-way communication that would be The report contains the Engineering Feasibility equally effective in either direction and applicable Dec67,85pTR-3 and Development Studies of Rapid Transit System Prepared in cooperation with Voorhees (Alan M.) and Equipment for the National Capital Region. in Chicago, Toronto and London were too limited and Associates, Inc., McLean, Va. See also The study consists of development of outline in scope for New York. A portable transistor technical rept. nos. 1, PB-177 053; 2, PB-177 054; specifications and criteria as a basis for future radio, light enough to be carried, yet powerful 4, PB-177 056; and 5, PB-177 057. design development and is divided into the follow- enough to transmit and receive in the underground ing categories: (a) Alignment; (b) Construction tunnels, was considered ideal. The development of Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas). Methods; (c) Ventilation; (d) Electrification; (e) miniaturized transistor components made this ap- Economics, Traffic, Predictions, Models (Simula- Train Performance Studies. (Author) proach feasible, subject to the solution of techni- tions), Urban planning. Analysis, Maps, Roads, cal problems. The purpose of the project was to District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, Or- demonstrate the effectiveness of such systems in ganizations, Railroads, Growth, Models (Simula- PB-177 059 improving the reliability of operation, reducing the Kaiser Engineers, Los Angeles. Calif.

429-500 0-LT - 71 - 2 .

Urban Transportation

ENGINEERING FEASIBILITY AND DEVELOP- reduce noise levels, and provide the safest and Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), MENT STUDIES OF RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM most economical system of hardware available. Advanced planning. Statistical analysis. Rail- AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE NATIONAL Upon completion of initial investigations, a totally roads, Passenger vehicles. Environment, Motiva- CAPITAL REGION-APPENDIX, VOLUME II. new concept in the installation of rail fasteners and tion, Sociology, Traffic, Economics, Illinois. associated hardware on concrete aerial structures Identifiers: Skokie (IIHnois), Chicago (Illinois). Jul63,209p 63-11-RE(A) was tested. Aditionally, several types of concrete See also Volume 1, PB-177 058. Prepared in tie were evaluated for performance under the con- The recommendations made by the Chicago Area cooperation with National Capital Transportation ditions imposed by the selected BARTD system. Transportation Study, CATS, for the 1980 trans- Agency, Washington, D. C. (Author) portation requirements of its study area have been based in part upon an estimate of the total daily Descriptors: ('Railroads, Feasibility studies). mileage which will be traveled within the area by Models (Simulations), Electric motors, Networks, PB-177 SOS that time. This estimate of person miles has been Power supplies. Alignment, Railroad cars, Metropolitan Washington Council of Govern- determined by multiplying the estimated future Velocity, Time, Costs, Drives. Construction, Ven- ments, DC. number of trips by the estimated future average tilation, Maryland, District of Columbia, Virginia, PRELIMINARY REGIONAL FORECASTS FOR trip length. It is partially from the refinement of Auxiliary power plants. 1990, SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS these two basic factors that the CATS recommen- Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. BY CENSUS TRACTS AND TRAFFIC ZONES. dations have evolved. Controversy has arisen over the use of the second factor, average trip length, in volume is of a series of six separate The composed May 67, I03p making estimates of future transportation require- interim reports which were submitted initially on Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Public ments. There are two schools of thought concern- the dates shown. The reports are included in the Roads, Washington, D. C, and the Department of ing future average trip length. One group, includ- order listed. Investigation of electrical traction Housing and Urban Development. Washington, D. ing CATS, has based its planning on the assump- power system; Substation size and spacing; tion that the future average trip length for the Methods of obtaining electrical power; Realign- metropolitan area will remain fairly constant. The ment studies; Ventilation; Construction methods. Descriptors: ('Urban planning. 'Transportation), second school of thought bases its projections on (Author) Advanced planning. Predictions, Traffic, Money, the assumption that the future average trip length Railroads, Population, Employment, Passenger will increase. A third possibility, a decrease in vehicles. Housing, Statistical analysis. over-all average trip length, does not seem to be PB-177 100 Economics, Labor, Manpower studies. Tables. considered likely. The major arguments of these Parsons Brinckerhoff-Tudor-Bechtel, San Fran- District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, Maps, opposing viewpoints have been outlined in the cisco, Calif. CATS Technical Memo. Trends in Average Trip LABORATORY CARS AND SUPPORT FACILI- Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. Metropolitan Length by Robert L. Olson. (Author) TIES. Washington Council of Governments, Area Final technical rept. j planning and development. PB-177 611 Dec67, 51pTR-3 The work program contained in the Prospectus CONSAD Research Corp., Pittsburgh. Pa. Prepared in cooperation v/ith Department of used as the basis for establishing the Transporta- IMPACT STUDIES: NORTHEAST CORRIDOR Housing and Urban Development, Washington, tion Planning Board included short range or im- TRANSPORTATION PROJECT. VOLUME H. D.C. a mediate action type travel forecast. The new re- MODELS, RESULTS, AND TECHNICAL gional Washington Metropolitan Area Transit DISCUSSION. Descriptors: ('Raih-oad cars. Transportation), Final rept. Authority has the responsibility stu- Railroads, Laboratories, Design, Railroad tracks. (WMATA) of dying several alternative rail transit systems for Control systems. Automatic, Electrical equip- Jan 68.377p the region. It developed that the short range work ment, Safety, Heating, Cooling + ventilating Contract C-104-66 program be of most help to if the equipment. Test facilities. Mechanical drawings. would NCTA

1990 trip-end estimates were available by March 1 California. Descriptors: ('Transportation. Urban planning). 1967. This became the target date for completion Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. San Francisco Programming (Computers), Management of the short range program. (Author) (California). planning. Mathematical models. Mathematical prediction. Mathematical programming. Al- A comprehensive evaluation of rapid transit con- gorithms, Costs, Economics. PB-177 523 cepts, operating equipment, and facilities has been Identifiers: Northeast Corridor Transportation General Motors Research Labs.. Warren. Mich. conducted to determine the systems and equip- Project. Computer analysis. ment most suitable for the San Francisco Bay STUDY OF THE POTENTIAL OF HOVAIR FOR HIGH-SPEED GROUND TRANSPORTATION. Area Rapid Transit District. It has included the (PB-176 478) provides a broad view of the work Final rept., development and testing of prototype equipment, performed during Phase I of the Impact Studies Frederick Jindra. Mar 68. 13lp and the establishment of specifications for the ulti- project. In this Volume II, the design and imple- Contract C-197-66 mate system which incorporate many of the best mentation of the models developed by CONSAD performance characteristics achieved in the test and currently available for use by the Northeast Descriptors: ('Transportation. Ground effect program. (Author) Corridor Transportation Project is discussed. Also machines). ('Gas bearings. Performance (En- included are the results of thinking in several areas gineering)), Feasibility studies. Ground effect. to which future research efforts might well be PB-177 496 Boundary layer transition. Fluid flow. Loading directed. Parsons Brinckerhoff-Tudor-Bechtel. San Fran- (Mechanics). Oscillation, Laminar flow. Viscosi- cisco. Cahf. ty. Resonant frequency. Velocity, Navier-Stokes AERIAL STRUCTURE AND RAIL SUPPORT equations. Pressure, Configuration, Models PB-177 693 METHODS. (Simulations), StabiUty, Iterative methods. Equa- Michigan Univ.. Ann Arbor. Survey Research Technical rept. tions of motion. Stresses. Center. Identifiers: 'Hovair air bearings, Pressure dis- RESIDENTIAL LOCATION AND URBAN MO- 1966, 45PTR-11 BILITY, Report on San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit John B. Lansing, Eva Mueller, and Nancy Barth. District Demonstration Project. The object of the program was to study the poten- Jun64. I49p tial of the air bearing as a support system for high- Descriptors: ('Mechanical fasteners. Railroad speed ground vehicles. The tasks required in- Descriptors: ('Urban areas, 'Transportation). tracks), ('Fastenings, Feasibility studies). Experi- cluded analytical investigations of performance ('Manpower studies. Decision making). Distribu- mental design. Manufacturing methods, Construc- characteristics of air bearings, analytical investigation. Mobility, Sampling, Statistical analysis. Den- tion. Construction materials. Test methods. Test tions of ride characteristics of vehicles with such sity. Costs, Factor analysis, Public opinion. equipment. Installation. Bolts, Detents, Hooks. support, development of dimensional analysis for Questionnaires, Errors. Urban planning. Locking fastener devices. Concrete. experiments, and outlining future research and Identifiers: Commuters. Area planning and Identifiers: Railroad ties (Roadbeds). Rapid transit development requirements. (Author) development. systems. Isolation (Electrical). Since the close of World War II rapid changes The report describes a series of tests conducted as PB-177 S40 have been taking place both in the geographic or- part of the development of the Bay Area Rapid Chicago Area Transportation Study, III. ganization of cities and in urban transportation. Transit District (BARTD) system. The subject CHANGES IN AVERAGE TRIP LENGTH, These changes present a series of problems to tests were performed primarily to evaluate rail WalterD. Stoll. Dec 67. 37p' public officials, especially to those concerned with fasteners and to determine their suitability for use A case Study by Mode and Purpose of Skokie the planning of transportation facilities. The objec- on concrete aerial structures of advanced design. Trips made in 1956 and 1964. Prepared in cooperative of the research reported here is to make a con- Specifically, the fasteners were evaluated in terms tion with Bureau of Public Roads, Washington, D. tribution to the solution of some of these problems of their ability to maintain electrical isolation. by means of an indirect approach. The focus is not

16 May 3, 1971

on specific administrative problems nor on the Descriptors: ('Underground structures. State-of- Identifiers: Area planning and development. preparation of forecasts but on the study of the the-art reviews), ('Transportation, Urban areas). Transit systems. forces at work affecting urban growth and urban Construction, Earth-handling equipment. Urban transportation. (Author) planning. Railroads, Sewage, Costs, History, The monograph presents a proposed program for Safety, Rock (Geology), Soils, Concrete, Photo- establishing user-oriented requirements and graphs. criteria for urban-transit-system design and opera- PB-177 787 Identifiers: Tunnels, Rapid transit systems. tion. The techniques and methodology for accom- Regional Planning Council, Baltimore, Md. Graphs (Charts). plishing the program objectives are presented and BALTIMORE-WASHINGTON INTERRE- discussed. Briefly, the major elements of the pro- GIONAL STUDY: LAND USE AND TRANSPOR- This report fills the need for a comprehensive gram are (1) the identification of basic user- TATION. review and evaluation of the state of the art of tun- oriented questions or problem areas, (2) the Technical rept. neling. Recent developments are reported in utilization of psychological scaling methods for as- detail, based on the author's inspection of tunnel sessment of user needs and thei relative im- Nov 60, 153pRPCB-TR-7 projects now underway in the United States, portance, (3) the evaluation of current and Availability: Original document in color until ex- Canada, Europe, and Japan. These personal in- proposed urban transportation systems, and (4) hausted. Research supported in part by Depart- spections uncovered a number of recent the performance of field studies to augment the ment of Housing and Urban Development, technological advances that may be adaptable to scaling techniques and to validate the results of Washington, D. C. See also TR-7-S, PB-177 788. tunnel projects in this country. A thorough scale applications. (Author) research of engineering publications also has been Descriptors: (*Urban planning, 'Transportation), conducted and pertinent facts relating to tunneling (Roads, Advanced planning). Growth, Popula- have been incorporated in this report. Throughout PB-178 245 tion, Economics, Commerce, Employment, the report, an'effort has been made to present Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, Ohio. Colum- Government employees. Industries, Manpower technical information in layman's language wher- bus Labs. studies, Maryland, District of Columbia, Money, ever possible. Chapter 3 covers rock tunneling THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COURSE OF IN- IN Statistical analysis. Management planning. Urban with mechanical excavators and by conventional STRUCTION URBAN TRANSPORTATION areas. Models (Simulations), Costs. drilling and blasting methods. Soft-ground and su- MANAGEMENT, William D. Hitt. Oct 67, 36p Monograph-3 Identifiers: Baltimore Regional Planning Council, baqueous tunneling by various methods is Contract H-778 National Capital Regional Planning Council, Land described in Chapter 4. It includes a section on the development. various types of lining used for ground support. Chapter 10 contains the authors' recommenda- Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Education, Public relations. Predictions, Super- In light of the mounting impact of the population tions for specific research, development and visory personnel. Job analysis, Industrial training. explosion, sound plans for urban development and demonstration projects, as well as the authors' evaluation of how the state of the art of tunneling Management engineering. Mission profiles. transportation improvement become matters of ur- will evolve in the next five to ten years. (Author) Problem solving. Money, Logistics, Research pro- gent priority. To meet this challenge, the Bal- gram administration. timore Regional Planning Council the National and Identifiers: Area planning and development. Capital Regional Planning Council set up a study PB-178 228 to determine a basic program ef- that would most General Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Y. fectively serve the future travel needs of this key Research and Development Center. The monograph presents a research program for area. (Author) NONFRICTIONAL POWER COLLECTION FOR the development of a course of instruction in GUIDED HIGH-SPEED GROUND VEHICLES. urban transportation management. The objectives Final rept. (Part 2). of the program are to develop the course, evaluate 788 PB-177 and revise the course contents, and to conduct the Regional Planning Council, Baltimore, Md. 12 Apr68, 147p* S-68-1056 first formal class. (Author) BALTIMORE-WASHINGTON INTERRE- Contract C-7-35121 GIONAL STUDY: LAND USE AND TRANSPOR- TATION; SUMMARY. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Power supplies), PB-178 246 Technical rept. ('Railroads, 'Electric connectors). Systems en- Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, Ohio. Clum- gineering. Feasibility studies. Electric currents, bus Labs. Nov 60, 15p RPCB-TR-7-S Experimental design. Sparks, Electric discharges. APPLICATION OF IMPROVED MANAGE- Research supported in part by Department of Efficiency, Electric arcs, Control systems, Power MENT METHODS TO THE URBAN TRANS- Housing and Urban Development, Washington, D. equipment. Conductivity, Magnetic drives. Elec- PORTATION INDUSTRY, C. Prepared in cooperation with National Capital tromagnetic drives. Waveguide couplers. Norman E. Lobdell. Oct 67, 8p Monograph-4 Regional Planning Council. See also TR-7, PB-177 Identifiers: High-speed ground vehicles. Non-con- Contract H-778 787. tacting power collection. Gaseous conduction. Magnetic induction. Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Personnel management. Organizations, Employ- (*Roads, Advanced planning). Growth, Mobility, The report is a preliminary evaluation of four basic ment, Training, Management planning. Manpower Economics, Population, Commerce, Maryland, noncontacting methods of transferring motive studies. Costs, Urban areas. Identifiers: District of Columbia, Money, Management electrical power to high-speed trains (up to 300 Area planning and development. planning. Urban areas. Costs. miles per hour). The four methods considered are: Transit systems. a Electric Identifiers: Baltimore Regional Planning Council, Gaseous Conduction by Controlled Arc; The monograph proposes to develop a system for National Capital Regional Planning Council, Land Magnetic Induction Using Lenz's Law of Flux development. Linkage; Capacitive Coupling by Displacement placing trained personnel into transit companies. Currents Between Parallel Plates; Electromagnetic The financial assistance of HUD will be required

Directional Wave-guide Coupling. Examination in this three-phase program. Phase 1 is a study to In light of the mounting impact of this population calculation of several configurations of the establish the needed skills and availability of ap- explosion, sound plans for urban development and and four methods considered established data for com- propriate personnel, the employment arrange- transportation improvement become matters of ur- parison. The evaluations include the system func- ments with potential transit-company employers, gent priority. To meet this challenge, the Bal- tions of power conditioning, power transmission, and the establishment of a performance review timore Regional Planning Council and the National noncontacting coupling, and onboard power con- program. Phase 2 is the conduct of a few trial Capital Regional Planning Council set up a study version; however, emphasis is on the equipment situations to gain experience and to refine the to determine a basic program that would most ef- directly associated with the coupling. (Author) methods of conducting the program on a large fectively serve the future travel needs of this key scale. Phase 3 is a full-scale operation. (Author) area. (Author) PB-178 244 Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, Ohio. Colum- PB-178 247 PB-178 036 bus Labs. Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, Ohio. Colum- Mayo (Robert S.) and Associates, Lancaster, Pa. DESIGN OF URBAN TRANSPORTATION FOR bus Labs. TUNNELING, THE STATE OF THE ART, THE USER, LAND USE INVOLVING TRANSPORTATION Robert S. Mayo, Thomas Adair, and Robert J. George Rosinger, Kenneth F. Connell, and John RIGHTS-OF-WAY, Jenny. Jan 68, 27p R. Stock. Oct 67, 36p Monograph-1 Norman E. Lobdell. Oct 67, 9p Monograph-5 Contract H-766 Contract H-778 Contract H-778 A review and evaluation of current tunneling techniques and costs, with emphasis on their appli- Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation). cation to urban rapid-transit systems in the U.S.A. Analysis, Costs, Management planning. Human History, Law, Money, Feasibility studies. Public Prepared in cooperation with Department of engineering. Experimental design. Public rela- relations. Urban areas, Structures. Housing and Urban Development, Washington, D. tions. Design, Urban areas. Research program ad- Identifiers: Rights-of-way, Area planning and development. Transit systems. Air rights.

17 Urban Transportation

The monograph presents a proposition to study the manufacturers. This stagnation is one factor at 50 percent load factors, the helicopter could problems associated with the potential use of the hastening the decline of patronage of buses. A economically compete with taxicabs for stage

spacial volume subtended by urban transportation revitalization of bus technology would be of key lengths of 1 0 or more miles. The seat-mile costs for systems. The study is intended to yield a set of re- assistance in efforts to turn the bus business into such stage lengths would be about $0.34 per occu- ports which treat each basic problem area in detail an expanding service. New technology available pied seal mile. However, it is observed that the and review thoroughly the existing 'air-rights" from many sources is applicable to buses. HUD helicopter would not enjoy the operational fluidity plans and developments. The end result is ex- should construct and demonstrate a bus designed of a taxi, but would likely be restricted to certain pected to provide a detailed documentation with to incorporate advanced technology in all its high-density, point-to-point routes. This, together recommendations for the solution of problems and subsystems. Such an effort would provide tangible with current noise levels and the disruptions often evidence of technical possibilities. It would also caused by weather, seems to rule the helicopter provide a real test-bed vehicle (or vehicles) for try- out as a 'mass transportation' device. A rather cur- ing out and confirming the applicability of various sory examination of the effects of future research items of advanced technology. The program would and development on VTOL feasibility is also PB-I78 248 be aimed at catalyzing the broad adoption of ad- made. Economically, it might be possible to Inst., Columbus, Ohio. Colum- Battelle Memorial vanced devices by both the equipment and opera- reduce seat-mile costs by as much as 30 percent. bus Labs. tor elements in the industry. (Author) Using the 50 percent load factor case again, and ANALYSIS OF AUGMENTED- OPERATIONS assuming 1967 dollar values, the helicopter could GUIDEWAY SYSTEMS, compete with taxicabs (in some respects) over Norman E. Lobdell. Oct 67, lOp Monograph-6 PB-178 255 routes as short as 5 miles. However, even these Contract H-778 Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, Ohio. Colum- rates are not likely to permit the VTOL machine to bus Labs. serve in the role of mass transportation. Apart Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation). THE DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION from economics, the noise problem, air-traffic- Economics, Analysis, Costs, Design, Operations OF A FAMILY OF PRACTICAL MOVING-WAY control requirements with numerous vehicles in research. Urban areas. Mission profiles, Opera- TRANSPORT SYSTEMS FOR PEDESTRIANS, operation, and the effects of weather almost cer- R. D. Leis. Oct 67, 20p Monograph-13 tainly preclude VTOL in the mass transportation Identifiers: Area planning and development. Aug- Contract H-778 role. (Author) mented guideway systems. Transit systems. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Conveyors), The monograph discusses an operations research ('Urban planning. Transportation), Costs, Histo- PB-178 260 study to develop a capability for evaluating aug- ry, Safety, Economics, Money, Experimental Stanford Research Inst., Menlo Park, Calif. mented-guideway systems. It is expected that the design. Feasibility studies. Urban areas. Schedul- FUTURE URBAN TRANSPORTATION study would provide quantitative descriptions of ing, Configuration, Reliability, Research program SYSTEMS: TECHNOLOGICAL ASSESSMENTS. augmented-guideway-system operations, Memorandum rept., economics, and transportation function; would Identifiers: Area planning and development, Ernest G. Chilton. May 67, I46p* MR-2 classify known system concepts; and would pro- Pedestrian transportation systems. Moving walk- Contract H-776 vide a balanced research program for the solution See also memorandum rept. no. 1 , PB-1 78 259. of problems associated with current and proposed guideways. (Author) Moving-way systems occupy a significant portion Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), of the literature on and interest in urban transpor- Urban areas. Costs, Design, Passenger vehicles. tation systems. Several concepts are being Roads, Air traffic. Electric cables. Commerce, PB-178 250 promoted but the gap between the concept and Underground structures. Fuel cells. Elec- Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, Ohio. Colum- urban acceptance and application is not diminish- trochemistry, Nuclear engineering. Surface bus Labs. ing. The reasons are quite complex, but hinge GROUPED ROAD VEHICLES, propulsion. Electric motors. Ground effect primarily on the lack of demonstrated system machines. Power supplies. Control systems. Ad- Norman E. Lobdell. Oct 67, 8p Monograph-« operations. The task of closing the gap is not one vanced planning. Contract H-778 of simply demonstrating a moving-way system. Identifiers: Tunnels (Underground structures). These systems are highly specialized and severely Urban planning and development. Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), limited in application. The urban environment of- History, Costs, Feasibility studies. Experimental fers an unlimited combination of factors that af- This report identifies and assesses technology redesign, Urban areas. Passenger vehicles. Ad- fect the basic configuration and the components. lated to urban transportation. It discusses the im- vanced planning, Control systems. A family of moving-way systems to demonstrate portant technical components that make up a Identifiers: Grouped road vehicles. Grouped vehi- the adaptability of particular configurations to a transportation system and focuses on the new particular need is required. If moving-way systems technical developments and component concepts are to occupy any segment of transportation, a sig- that will be important in future systems. Among nificant development and demonstration effort these are high energy batteries, linear electric mo- The monograph proposes a study of the potential must be supported. As moving-way systems are tors, air cushion suspensions, and low cost tunnel- use of grouped road vehicles in the urban transpor- limited to those types of transportation needs that ing techniques. A large number of proposed urban tation environment. The study would consider a be only in portions of the urban en- transportation systems of many types and sizes wide range of possible equipment and demand would found is highly consistent with reviewed. Only few have been configurations, and the environment of opera- vironment, the effort have been a prime interest. While it might be concluded developed sufficiently to permit a realistic assess- tions. The result would be a set of complete HUD's requirements are minimal, quite of either performance or costs. The work re- system designs with the associated evaluations that development ment is system operating feasi- ported indicates that control is likely to be and recommendations. The documentation of this the opposite true. Some here technical important and urgent areas of research project would also provide an essential bilities have not been proven and one of the most remain. The lack of direction provided transportation research. (Author) item in the information data bank for future problems evaluations. (Author) by a detailed market study and segmentation has undoubtedly left some applications where basic conceptual and design effort is required. (Author) PB-178 261 PB-178 253 General Research Corp., Santa Barbara, Calif. ANALYSIS OF TRANSPOR- Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, Ohio. Colum- SYSTEMS URBAN bus Labs. PB-178 258 TATION, VOLUME 1. SUMMARY. A PROGRAM TO EVALUATE ADVANCED Battelle Memorial Inst,, Columbus, Ohio. Colum- Study in new systems of urban transportation. TECHNOLOGY FOR BUSES, bus Labs. Jan 68, 218p' E. S. Cheaney, and C. W. Vigrass. Oct 67, 21p POTENTIAL APPLICATION OF THE IN URBAN MASS TRANSPOR- Contract H-777 Monograph! 1 HELICOPTER Contract H-778 TATION, See also Volume 2, PB-1 78 262. J. P. Loomis. Oct 67, Hp Monograph-18 Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Contract H-778 Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), ('Passenger vehicles. Design), Steering, Costs, Air pollution. Advanced planning. Urban Economics, Performance (Engineering), Analysis. Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), areas. Engines + motors. Fuel cells. Power sup- Air conditioning equipment. Costs, Urban areas. ('Helicopters, Transportation), Air transporta- plies. Passenger vehicles. Motor vehicle ac- Commerce, Test methods. Configuration, Suspen- tion. Urban areas. Reviews, Costs, Vertical take- cidents. Reports, Performance (Engineering), sion devices, Control systems, Communication off planes. Money, Mathematical models. Ranges Computer programs. Population, Structures, (Distance). Roads, Railroads. Identifiers: Area planning and development. Identifiers: Area planning and development. Identifiers: Rapid transit systems, Guideways Transit systems. Buses, Sizes (Dimensions). Transit systems. (Transportation), Area planning and development. Mass transit systems. Personal transit systems. Bus technology has become stagnant because the In the first part of this monograph, the current market in the U. S. does not present an attractive feasibility of VTOL type machines in intraurban This volume is one of four that make up the final profit opportunity for innovation by equipment transportation is briefly explored. It is shown that report of a study performed for the Department of

18 .

May 3, 1971

Housing and Urban Development. Volume 1 in- PB-178 265 Identifiers: Area planning and development, cludes a summary and interpretation of the essen- Stanford Research Inst., Menlo Park, Calif. Payoffs, Guideways (Transportation), Tunnels tials of the analysis, with consequent recommen- FUTURE URBAN TRANSPORTATION (Underground structures), Rapid transit systems. dations for research, development, and demon- SYSTEMS: FINAL REPORT I. DESCRIPTIONS, Mass transit systems. stration. Appendices include a guide to study or- EVALUATIONS, AND PROGRAMS. ganization and to the 44 individual research The objectives of this study were to determine by papers. (Author) Clark Henderson. Mar 68, 426p* analysis of technological, institutional, social, Contract H-776 economic, and environmental factors: A program See also Final Report no. 2, PB-178 266. of research and development projects with short- 262 PB-178 term (3 to 5 years) promise of payoff within the Corp., Barbara, Calif. Descriptors: (*Urban planning, 'Transportation), General Research Santa context of a longer range consideration of trans- ANALYSIS TRANSPOR- Urban areas. Costs, Population, Traffic, Models SYSTEMS OF URBAN portation technology in order to achieve orderly, (Simulations), Structures, Vehicles, Passenger TATION. VOLUME 2. CASES FOR STUDY. evolutionary growth toward new systems; Oppor- Study in new systems of urban transportation. vehicles. Electric motors. Cost effectiveness. tunities incremental Management engineering. Management planning. for short-term (3 to 5 years) improvement in urban transportation; A program Jan 68,603p* Research program administration. of highly promising demonstration projects. Contract H-777 Identifiers: Area planning and development, (Transportation), Personal transit See also Volume 3, PB-178 263. Guideways systems. Mass transit systems. Descriptors; (*Urban planning, *Transportation), This report examines the goals that should be PB-178 268 Reports, Costs, Population, Urban areas. Pas- recognized in the search for new urban transporta- Westinghouse Air Brake Co., Wilmerding, Pa. senger vehicles. Railroads, Roads, Mathematical tion systems and the demands for urban passenger STUDY OF EVOLUTIONARY URBAN TRANS- models. Advanced planning. Models (Simula- service. It sets forth the tentative guidelines that PORTATION, VOLUME II, APPENDICES 1, 2, tions), Air pollution. Structures, Control systems. were adopted for the formulation of system con- AND 3. Computer programs. Power supplies. Electric mo- cepts. Five generic classes of systems are Study in new systems of urban transportation. tors. Hybrid rockets, Traffic. described together with design considerations that Identifiers: Area planning and development. Rapid should influence actual development. Examples of Feb 68, 154p' transit systems. Mass transit systems, Guideways eight future systems illustrate possible physical Contract H-780 (Transportation), Personal transit systems. and operational characteristics. Applications for Prepared in cooperation with Wilbur Smith and these hypothetical future systems are then Associates, The Institute of Public Administra- Contents: Factor analysis for city selection; Notes described and evaluated, and their potentials for tion, and Melpar, Inc. See also Volume 1, PB-178 on urban transportation and urban form; Charac- use on a nationwide basis are estimated. Programs 267. teristics of travel demand for network flow calcu- for research, development, test, evaluation, and lations; Peak and off-peak network flows; Promis- demonstration are outlined. (Author) Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), ing innovations in urban transportation; Survey of Urban areas. Costs, Advanced planning. Models transportation technology; Trends in automotive (Simulations), Operation, Roads, Traffic, Law, air pollution; Feasibility of transportation innova- PB-178 266 Labor unions. Reports, Air pollution. Safety, tions; Feasibility of automatic guideway control; Stanford Research Inst., Menlo Park, Calif. Management engineering. An analytical model of genie performance; FUTURE URBAN TRANSPORTATION Identifiers: Area planning and development. Mass Guideway systems performance; Cost model of SYSTEMS: FINAL REPORT II. IMPACTS OF present urban transportation systems; Cost URBAN LIFE AND FORM. models of present urban transportation systems Study in new systems of urban transportation, A series of three sub-reports on urban transporta- for network flow calculations; Cost model for the Robert A. Burco, and David A. Curry. Mar 68, tion. Subjects discussed include comprehensive genie collection/distribution system; Guideway 369p* studies of the needs, trends, labor problems and system costs; Representation of existing transpor- Contract H-776 financial arrangements of proposed mass transit tation for network flow calculations; and See also Final Report no. 1 , PB-1 78 265. systems. A suggested, systematic program of Representation of future transportation for net- research and development is also presented. work flow calculations. Descriptors: (*Urban planning, 'Transportation), Costs, Urban areas, Advanced planning. Popula-

tion, Sociology, Leadership, Air pollution , Models PB-178 269 PB-178 264 (Simulations), Passenger vehicles. Traffic, Roads, Westinghouse Air Brake Co., Wilmerding, Pa. General Research Corp., Santa Barbara, Calif. Structures, Research program administration. STUDY OF EVOLUTIONARY URBAN TRANS- SYSTEMS ANALYSIS OF URBAN TRANSPOR- Political science. Construction, Public opinion. PORTATION, VOLUME III, APPENDIX 4. TATION. VOLUME 4. SUPPORTING Management engineering. Terrain. Study in new systems of urban transportation. ANALYSES. Identifiers: Area planning and development, PAS Study in new systems of urban transportation. Feb 68, 242p' Contract H-780 Jan 68. 478p* Contents: Introduction; Conclusions, summary, Prepared in cooperation with Wilbur Smith Contract H-777 and research recommendations. Urban transporta- and tion problems and needs; Summary descriptions of Associates, The Institute of Public Administra- See also Volume 1 , PB-178 261 future urban transportation system concepts; tion, and Melpar, Inc. See also Volume 2, PB-178 Descriptors: (*Urban planning, 'Transportation), Transportation-land use planning in a hypothetical 268. Costs, Reports, Population, Cost effectiveness. future metropolis. Travel characterislics in the fu- Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Industrial training. Personnel, Wages, Sociology, Urban areas. Costs, Air pollution. Electric mo- Models (Simulations), Mathematical models. bers; and Appendixes. tors. Helicopters, Cost effectiveness. Management engineering. Decision making. Politi- Communi- cation systems. Programming (Computers), Law, cal science. Urban areas. Mission profiles. Traf- Traffic, -I- control fic, Ground speed. Public opinion. Command systems. Manage- PB-178 267 Identifiers: Area planning and development. Rapid ment engineering. Mathematical models. Ad- Weslinghouse Air Brake Co., Wilmerding, Pa. vanced planning. Mission profiles. EVOLUTIONARY IMPROVEMENTS IN URBAN Identifiers: Area planning and development, TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS, VOLUME I. Contents: Employment accessibility for special Guideways (Transportation). Rapid transit urban groups; On the supply and demand functions for transportation; Induced demand urban 68, I28p* Feb During the course of this study, a great number of for travel in Boston and Houston; Metropolitan Contract H-780 improved transit land use transportation; Choice, Com- new or systems, subsystems, and and urban Prepared in cooperation with Wilbur Smith and transportation; elements were derived, extracted from literature munity, esthetics and urban Associates, The Institute of Public Administra- transportation; and patents, evaluated, and either synthesized (for Metropolitan politics and urban tion, and Melpar, Inc. See also Volume 3, PB-178 function, performance, and cost) or discarded. Comparison of costs and benefits for major trans- 269. portation alternatives; Improving evaluation of The purpose of the study is to recommend proposed innovations in urban transportation; Descriptors: ('Urban planning. 'Transportation), research, development and demonstration tasks. Demonstration plan for a dynamically-routed Urban areas. Advanced planning. Costs, Compu- In large measure, the candidate improvements transit feeder_ system; Characteristics of taxicab ters, Traffic, Passenger vehicles. Helicopters, recommended in section 4 of the main body derive supply and demand in selected metropolitan areas; Leadership, Air pollution. Underground struc- from the many alternatives discussed in this ap- With gun and camera through the M. T. A.; Sizing tures. Public opinion. Information retrieval. pendix, the basic purpo^o of which is to present the transit evolution; and Scenarios for the transit Management engineering. Population, Decision ideas, facts, advanuiccv Jis.kIn .mu.ccs. and the

making. Research program administration. status of the alternatisc sn slcnis. , A ultu-r I

19 . 4

Urban Transportation

PB-178 270 Fuel cells. Auxiliary power plants. Passenger vehi- Contract H-784 North American RockewU Corp., Los Angeles, cles. Electrochemistry, Power equipment. Energy See also Volume 2, PB-178 274. Calif. Los Angeles Div. conversion. Magnetic properties. Advanced FRONTIERS OF TECHNOLOGY STUDY. planning. Mechanical engineering. Railroads, Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), VOLUME L SUMMARY. Roads, Brakes, Suspension devices. Analog com- Urban areas. Costs, Passenger vehicles. Railroad Study in new systems of urban transportation, puters. Models (Simulations). tracks. Reports, Command + control systems. M. A. Sulkin, T. R. Parsons, and D. L Sinizer. 5 Identifiers: Hybrid engines, Guideways (Trans- Electric motors. Roads, Structures, Civil en- Jan 68, 136p* portation), Rapid transit systems. Mass transit gineering. Design, Models (Simulations), Ad- Contract H-779 vanced planning, Terrain, Mathematical models. See also Volume 2, AD-178 271 Identifiers: Area planning and development, The report describes methods used for screening Guideways (Transportation), Mass transit Descriptors: (*Urban planning, 'Transportation), technologies and selecting technological areas for Urban areas, Advanced planning, Mission objective of case studies profiles. Reviews, Engines + motors. Command current technology status, urban transportation The the was to apply, in- + control systems. Underground structures. application, advantages, disadvantages, problems sofar as practical, planning and evaluation Suspension devices. Materials, Air transportation. associated with application, research and develop- methods to the transportation needs of several urban areas. Since such new and improved Ground effect machines. Power supplies. Energy ment requirements, gross costs, and other factors methods are only partly available in operational management. Brakes, Fuel cells. Electrochemis- bearing on the transferability of the selected form, less thorough methods had to be employed try. technological areas; and makes specific recom- in the case studies. Several urban areas in the Identifiers: Hybrid engines. Area planning and mendations with regard to these areas. (Author) United States were investigated to select the sam- development, Energy storage. Tunnels (Un- ple urban areas for the case studies. (Author) derground structures). PB-178 273 The objective of the study was to identify General Motors Research Labs., Warren. Mich. PB-178 276 technology, particularly in defense and space - NEW SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION STUDY. Peat, Marwick, Livingston and Co., New York. oriented fields, which would be transferable to VOLUME I. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS. Final rept.; Study in New Systems of Urban PROJECTION OF URBAN PERSONAL TRANS- 1973 - 80 urban transportation needs and to PORTATION DEMAND. delineate implementation requirements. The study Study in New Systems of Urban Transportation. E. T. Canty, and A. J. Sobey. Feb 91p* was divided into three functional tasks: review of 68, Contract H-784 technology, screening of technology, and assess- Mar 68, lOOp' See also Volume 3, PB-178 275. ment and description of implementation require- Prepared in cooperation with Department of ments. This volume represents a summary of the Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Housing and Urban Development, Washington, D. entire program. Included are (1) a complete Urban areas, Roads, Advanced planning, Popula- description of the program objectives, philosophy, tion, Costs, Cost effectiveness. Air pollution. and approach; (2) a summary of the surveyed Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Public opinion. Sociology, Models (Simulations), technologies; (3) reviews of implementation Urban areas. Population, Passenger vehicles. Noise, Reports, Management engineering. requirements studies on 14 selected technological Roads, Advanced planning, Research program ad- Research program administration. areas; and (4) a discussion of typical system appli- ministration. Public opinion. Mathematical Identifiers: Area planning and development. Mass cations. Also included are overall conclusions and models. Statistical analysis. Sociology, Ground recommendations regarding the development speed. Group dynamics. Identifiers: Area planning and development. Mass requirements and application of the various Contents: Transportation planning and evaluation: transit systems. Personal transit systems. technologies for alleviation of some of the The overall process; Detailed aspects of transpor- problems in associated with improvement urban tation planning and evaluation; Selection of urban transportation The report is a projected study of future urban capability. (Author) areas and transportation; Selection of transporta- personal transportation demands. The demo- tion system technology; Pairing of transportation graphic and socioeconomic basis of future trans- needs and selected systems concepts; and Resume 271 portation system demands are discussed. Sources PB-178 of case studies. North American Rockwell Corp., Los Angeles. of information and a plan for a continuing research Calif. Los Angeles Div. program are also presented. FRONTIERS OF TECHNOLOGY STUDY. PB-178 274 VOLUME II. SURVEY. General Motors Research Labs., Warren. Mich. PB-178 277 Study in new systems of urban transportation, IMPLEMENTATION STUDY. NEW SYSTEMS Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, Ohio. Colum- M. A. Sulkin, T. R. Parsons, and D. I. Sinizer. 5 VOLUME II. PLANNING AND EVALUATION bus Labs. Jan 68, 266p* METHODS. URBAN GOODS-MOVEMENT DEMAND. Contract H-779 Final rept Study in New Systems of Urban ; Final rept.; Study in new systems of urban See also Volume 3, PB-178 272. transportation, E. T. Canty, and A.J. Sobey. Feb 68, 443p* David N. Goss, Ronald L. Heilmann, Daryl J. Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Contract H-784 Rinehart, Robert J. Toepfer, and Frank M. Urban areas, Advanced planning. Programming also Volume PB-178 275. See 3, Graves. 30 Oct 67, 275p' (Computers), Digital computers. Cryogenics, Un- Contract H-81 derground structures. Brakes, Suspension Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), devices, Energy conversion, Energy management. Urban areas. Advanced planning. Sociology, Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), supplies. Fuel cells, Electrochemistry, Power Population, Air pollution. Passenger vehicles. ('Cargo, Handling), Urban areas. Costs, Cargo vehicles. Costs, Materials, Passenger Costs, Roads, Noise, Safety, Motor vehicle ac- vehicles. Data processing systems. Management Identifiers: Area planning + development, Tun- cidents. Models (Simulations), Command + con- engineering. Storage, Programming (Computers), nels (Underground structures). Hybrid engines. trol systems. Management engineering. Decision Law, Reports, Models (Simulations), Railroads, Energy storage. Mass transit systems. making. Mathematical models. Suspension Terrain, Advanced planning. Wastes (Sanitary en- devices. Research program administration. gineering). Wastes (Industrial), Traffic. The report documents the technology review por- Identifiers: Area planning and development, Identifiers: Area planning and development. tion of the program; describes the design of the Guideways (Transportation), Rapid transit literature review and field survey; briefly systems. Mass transit systems. The study developed a methodology for conduct- discusses the potentially transferable technologies ing goods-movement studies as an integral part of identified; and lists sources of expertise for those The report is concerned with methods for trans- the urban-planning process. Four types of urban technological areas. (Author) portation planning and evaluation. It includes goods-movement studies are defined: regional, status reports on advanced techniques for predict- area, facility, and waste. For each type of study, ing future travel demand and new system rider- the applicable information needs on urban goods- PB-178 272 ship, together with procedures developed in this movement are determined and techniques for col- North American Rockwell Corp., Los Angeles, study for evaluating and comparing proposed new lecting the information are recommended. Calif. Los Angeles Div. systems in terms of their social impact upon com- (Author) FRONTIERS OF TECHNOLOGY STUDY. munities. (Author) VOLUME HI. IMPLEMENTATION. Study in new systems of urban transportation, PB-178 278 M. A. Sulkin, T. R. Parsons, and D. I. Sinizer. 5 PB-178 275 Day and Zimmermann, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa. Jan68,491p* General Motors Research Labs., Warren, Mich. POTENTIAL NEAR TERM IMPROVEMENTS Contract H-779 NEW SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION STUDY: IN URBAN TRANSPORTATION. See also Volume 1, PB-178 270. VOLUME III. CASE STUDIES. Study in New Systems of Urban Transportation, Final rept.; Study in New Systems of Urban Descriptors: (*Urban planning, 'Transportation), Mar 68, 312p'

Air pollution. Engines -I- motors. Power supplies. E. T. Canty, and A.J Sobey. Feb 68, 439p* Contract H-782

20 May 3, 1971

Descriptors: (*Urban planning, *Transportation), Contents: The urban transportation demonstration generated by traffic zones in each town. Trips are Urban areas, Advanced planning, Costs, Pas- program; Rapid transit and urban survival; Reviv- classified by the purpose for which they were senger vehicles. Advanced planning, Railroads, ing commuter rail service; Putting new spokes on made and are considered to be either produced or Roads, Underground structures. Sociology, Elec- urban transit networks; Adapting bus systems to attracted by a zone. The numbers of trips in each tric motors. Air pollution. Programming (Compu- present urban needs; New kinds of services; New category are used as dependent variables in ters), Maintenance, Management engineering. movements by new methods; Computer contribu- analyses of linear relationships. (Author) Terrain, Human engineering. Research program tions to management; Technological contributions administration. to operation; Transportation and employment op- Identifiers: Area planning and development. Tun- portunity; Planning for transportation in Colum- PB-178 767 nels (Underground structures). Mass transit bia; Transit shapes the city. Road Research Lab., Crowthorne (England). systems. THE GLASGOW EXPERIMENT: IMPLEMEN- TATION AND ASSESSMENT, Contents: Summary of recommendations; Trans- PB-178 436 Joyce Almond, and R. S. Lott. 1968, 22p RRL- portation and urban life; The pedestrian; Vehicles CONSAD Research Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. LR142 and their components; Rights-of-way; The inter- TRANSIT USAGE FORECASTING face; Operations; Administration; Special problem TECHNIQUES: A REVIEW AND NEW Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), areas; and Appendix. DIRECTIONS. Traffic, Urban areas, Safety, Programming (Com- Final rept. puters), Passenger vehicles. Sampling, Flow charting. Decision making. Great Britain. PB-178 280 Apr68,l74p* Identifiers: Graphs (Charts). Midwest Research Inst., Kansas City, Mo. Contract H-811 SPECIAL TRANSPORTATION REQUIRE- The report discusses the planning and conduct of MENTS IN SMALL CITIES AND TOWNS. Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), the Glasgow experiment in central control of traf- Final rept.; Study in new systems of urban Urban areas. State-of-the-art reviews. Bibliogra- fic signals. The organization of the various com- transportation, phies, Mathematical models. Costs, Advanced puter programs, which will, amongst other tasks, Bruce W. Macy, Robert E. Byrd, James M. planning. Passenger vehicles. Performance (Hu- continually take in data on current conditions, decisions to signals, monitor the Bednar, and Patricia Quinlan. 1 5 May 68, 92p* man), Population, Public opinion. Information make change Contract H-8 12 retrieval. Predictions. operation of the whole system, check for faulty Identifiers: Area planning and development. operation, produce records and print messages is Descriptors: (*Urban planning, *Transportation), described. A method of linking fixed-time traffic Urban areas. Costs, Advanced planning. Manage- The scope of the report includes a review, analy- signals to minimise delay is described and the im- ment engineering. Command + control systems. sis, and evaluation of present modal split forecast- plications of some of its assumptions discussed. Cargo, Sociology, Terrain, Research program ad- ing techniques; a review of relevant literature and The general problem of assessing the efficiency of ministration. special investigations; the identification of specific each control scheme is considered. Reasons are Identifiers: Area planning and development. Mass deficiencies in the present transit usage forecast- put forward for assessing efficiency in terms of transit systems. ing techniques; and recommendations of methods the total vehicle-hours/h measured over the net- for overcoming these deficiencies and improving work. Some of the practical problems involved in The report discusses the special transportation the forecasting capabilities of modal split models. assessment are also considered. (Author) requirements of smaller towns and cities. The (Author) financial, political, social and technical problems relating to transportation problems are analyzed PB-178 797 and discussed. PB-178 684 TRW Systems Group, Washington, DC. Washing- Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, Ohio. Colum- ton Operations. bus Labs. TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM OPTIMIZATION PB-178 286 MONOGRAPHS ON POTENTIAL RD AND D PROGRAM DEMONSTRATION PROBLEM. Cornell Aeronautical Lab., Inc., Buffalo, N. Y. PROJECTS. BI-MODAL URBAN TRANSPORTATION Summary rept; Study in new systems of urban 1 Jun 68, 98p* 06818-W917-ROOO SYSTEM STUDY, VOLUME I. transportation, Contract C-353-66 Final rept.; Study in new systems of urban Kaj L. Nielsen. Jan 68, 310p* Report on High Speed Ground Transportation transportation, Contract H-778 System Engineering Studies Program. Robert A. Hayman, Warren C. Kocmond, Terrence J. McDade, Charles B. Notess, and Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Louis A. Picciano. Mar 68, 137p* CAL-VJ-243I -V- Reports, Research program administration. Programming (Computers), Costs, Performance 2-Vol-l Models (Simulations), Human engineering. (Engineering), Input-output devices. Numerical Contract H-781 Management engineering. Safety, Terrain, Roads, analysis. Flow charting. Passenger vehicles. Brakes, Railroads, Suspension devices. Power Ground effect machines. Aerodynamic charac- Descriptors: (*Urban planning, 'Transportation), supplies. Passenger vehicles. Costs, Cargo, Urban areas. Costs, Traffic, Command + control Sociology, Research program administration. Identifiers: Tradeoffs, TRANSOP (Transportation systems. Railroads, Roads, Passenger vehicles. Identifiers: Area planning and development, System Optimization Program), Transportation transit Electric motors. Batteries -i- components. Power Guideways (Transportation), Mass system. System Optimization Program, Guideways, supplies. Electric cables. Underground structures. Graphs (Charts). Cost effectiveness. Contents: Inventory of propositions; Inventory Identifiers: Area planning and development, selection; Proposition evaluation and disposition; The report describes the application of a compu- Guideways (Transportation), Mass transit Ranking of recommended RD and D projects; terized methodology to the analysis of a represen- systems, Urbmobiles, Tunnels (Underground Methodology; Criteria selection; Criteria tative ground transportation system. The preferred structures). weighting procedure; Ranking procedure; Mono- design and performance characteristics of a graphs. tracked air cushioned vehicle system were deter- This report defines and describes a dual-mode mined in order to minimize the cost per passenger vehicle transportation system that is intended, mile. The vehicle-guideway system was mathe- primarily, for urban-suburban use. The vehicle is a PB-178 766 matically represented by a set of of simultaneous, Crowthome (England). small, 4-passenger, and is electrically propelled, Road Research Lab., non-linear, algebraic equations. This description and can operate on streets and highways and on an STUDIES OF TRAVEL IN GLOUCESTER, was combined with a cost accounting model and exclusive, tracked guideway. (Author) NORTHAMPTON AND READING, structured for solution on a digital computer. M.A.Taylor. 1968, 253p' RRL-LR141 Results were obtained for parametrically varied system performance levels. (Author) PB-178 334 Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Department of Housing and Urban Development, Urban areas. Rural areas. Costs, Passenger vehi- Washington, DC. cles. Traffic, Population, Public opinion. Motor PB-178 804 CONFERENCE ON NEW APPROACHES TO vehicle operators. Research program administra- Highway Research Board, Washington, DC. URBAN TRANSPORTATION, WASHINGTON, tion. Programming (Computers), Data processing DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA FOR Great Britain. DC, NOVEMBER 27, 1967. systems, Flow charting. IMPROVED NONRAIL URBAN MASS TRANSIT Identifiers: Area planning and development, VEHICLES AND RELATED URBAN TRANS- 1967, 99p Gloucester (Great Britain), Northampton (Great PORTATION SYSTEMS. Britain), Reading (Great Britain). Descriptors: (*Urban planning. Symposia), ('Ur- May 68, 114p' ban areas. Transportation), Growth, Railroads, The report demonstrates some of the functional Contract H757 Feasibility studies. Passenger vehicles. Employ- relationships between traffic, land use and popula- ment, History, Organizations, Predictions. tion in three medium-sized English towns. Traffic Descriptors: ('Passenger vehicles. Urban areas), Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. Model cities. is measured in terms of the number of trips ('Urban areas, 'Transportation), Design, Per-

21 Urban Transportation

formance (Engineering), Standards. Roads, Traf- Descriptors: (*Urban planning, 'Transportation), PB-179 081 fic, Human engineering. Urban planning. Vehicle Urban areas. Housing projects. Advanced Genesee County Metropolitan Planning Commis- chassis components. Maintainability, Bibliogra- planning. Management planning. Population, sion, Flint, Mich. phies. Costs, Economics, Traffic, Management engineer- ECONOMIC CONDITIONS STUDY MANUAL Identifiers; *Rapid transit systems, Bus lines. ing. AND DESIGN, FLINT-GENESEE COUNTY Design criteria, Performance criteria. Identifiers: New towns. Area planning + develop- COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE - TRANSPOR- TATION PLANNING STUDY. Contents: Background and summary; Overviews of nonrail transit; Service characteristics and The study concerns the transportation needs of, Apr 68, 35p criteria; Characteristics and criteria for non- and the potential for new solutions to urban trans- Prepared in cooperation with Department of mechanical elements of vehicles; Characteristics portation problems offered by, those comprehen- Housing and Urban Development. Washington, and criteria for mechanical elements of vehicles; sively planned new communities, more simply further research, Recommendations for develop- referred to as 'new towns'. Although a relatively ment and evaluation. new development in the United States, some forty Descriptors: ('Urban planning, Michigan), or so New Towns, either under construction or (Transportation, 'Management planning). Urban planned, have been identified, generally located areas. Rural areas. Feasibility studies. Sampling, PB-178 811 near an existing metropolitan center. This record Collecting methods. Advanced planning. Data Department of Housing and Urban Development, storage systems. Costs, Industries, furnishes some indication of the factors likely to Economics, Washington, DC. Population. affect the New Town's role in the urban transpor- TOMORROW'S TRANSP0RTAT10^: NEW Identifiers: Flint (Michigan), Land use. Area tation system and its economic viability which will SYSTEMS FOR THE URBAN FUTURE, planning and development. Charles M. Haar, Leon Monroe Cole, and Harold largely determine that role in transportation affairs. (Author) W. Merritt. 68, 1 May 14p The report is a study manual which identifies, for Availability: Original document in color until ex- the Economic Conditions Study Item of the FMnt- hausted. Hard copy also available from Superin- PB-179 055 Genesee County Comprehensive Land Use-Trans- tendent of Documents, GPO, Washington, D. C. Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Applied poration Planning Study, the required data, 20402. Order as: HH 1.28:62, $1.75. Johns Md. Physics Lab. sources of data, the responsibilities of study participants, and the methodology to be utilized in the Descriptors: (*Urban planning, *Leadership), PERFORMANCE CRITERIA AND TECHNICAL execution of the economic study. (Author) (*Urban areas, *Transportation), Management en- FEASIBILITY OF THE URBAN GRAVITY- gineering, Advanced planning. Costs, Passenger VACUUM-TRANSIT SYSTEM. Technical memo., vehicles, Bibhographies, Feasibility studies. PB-179 157 Safety, Roads, Automation, Control systems. R. A. Makofski, W. C. Caywood, R W. Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Md. Applied Identifiers: Area planning and development. Henderson, G. Dailey, and H. L Donnelly. May 68,20lp* APL-TG-984 Physics Lab. Hybrid engines, Guideways. DEFINITION: Contract NOw-62-0604 BASELINE SYSTEM URBAN GRAVITY-VACUUM-TRANSIT, The following report is a summary of the recom- L. K. Edwards, and R. E. Skov. May 241p* Descriptors: ('Railroads, Performance (Engineer- 68, mendations for a comprehensive program for na- APL-BFM-097 tional leadership in research, development and ing)), Urban areas. Feasibility studies. Gravity. Prepared in cooperation with Tube Transit Corp.. demonstration in all aspects of urban transporta- Vacuum, Transportation, Models (Simulations), Palo Alto, Calif. tion. (Author) Acceleration, Pressure, Velocity, Stresses, Rail- road cars. Deflection, Railroad tracks. Vehicle Descriptors: ('Transportation. 'Pneumatic wheels. Geometry, Noise, Design. systems). Urban planning. Passenger vehicles. PB-178 979 Identifiers: Vacuum transit systems. Rapid transit Railroads, Underground structures. Gravity, Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, Pa. Transpor- systems, Graphs (Charts). Vacuum, Propulsion, Personnel, Specifications, tation Research Inst. Reliability, Safety, Money, Pumps, Maintenance, LATENT DEMAND FOR URBAN TRANSPOR- tudy to de termine the technical feasibility and Aerodynamic configurations. Control systems. TATION. formance criteria of an Urban Gravity- Programming (Computers). Final rept. Va sit system is described. The study is Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. Tubes, Gravity- ited to cer tain potential problem areas such as vacuum transit systems. May 68,330p* ga dynamics systems tolerances, wheel-rail in- , Contract H-813 in-tube-suspension dynamics, and Gravity-vacuum transit (GVT) is a passenger in of Rept. on 'Study New Systems Urban Trans- se control results of this study are given The transportation system employing gravity and ng with re for future research. commendations vacuum for propulsion. This report describes an (A Descriptors: (*Urban planning, 'Transportation), urban GVT system to provide a baseline for Urban areas. Management engineering. Public further study. The general concept employs trains that travel through steel tubes in underground tun- opinion. Statistical analysis. Questionnaires, Chil- PB -179 080 nels and that are accelerated and decelerated by dren, Adults, Passenger vehicles. Traffic, Stu- Genesee County Metropolitan Planning Commis- dents, Costs. gravity and atmospheric pressure. The trains use sion, Flint, Mich. wheels on rails inside the tubes. The tubes are Identifiers: Area planning and development. Mass GOVERNMENT AND FINANCE STUDY transit system. MANUAL AND DESIGN, FLINT-GENESEE pressors located near the sUtions. (Author) COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE - is divided five chapters. Chapter I The report into TRANSPORTATION PLANNING STUDY. introduces the concept of latent demand and its importance, and presents the research objectives PB-179 292 Apr 68, 75p of the study. Chapter II describes the travel Greenville-Pickens Regional Planning Board. SC. Prepared in cooperation with Department of behavior and travel needs of urban groups includ- A PRELIMINARY REGIONAL PLAN FOR Housing and Urban Development, Washington, poor, handicapped, and the URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSPORTA- ing the elderly, the the DC. young. Chapter III relates the travel needs of these TION FACILITIES. rept. groups to a variety of transportation and environ- Summary Descriptors: ('Urban planning, Michigan), mental criteria. Chapter IV presents several con- ('Transportation, Management planning). Urban 32p' ceptual methods of (for) measuring latent demand, 26 Apr 68. areas. Rural areas. Law, Costs, Feasibility stu- Availability: Original in color until ex- and reviews research in this field. Chapter V con- document in the cludes with a summary of pertinent areas for hausted. Prepared cooperation with Depart- gy. Advanced planning. ment of Housing and Urban Development. Identifiers: Fhnt (Michigan), Area planning and Washington. DC. development. Land use. PB-178 983 Descriptors: ('Urban planning. South Carolina), The report is a technical document to guide the ex- Regional Economic Development Inst., Inc. Pitt- ('Transportation, Urban areas). Growth, Cli- ecution of the research analysis of the sburgh, Pa. and matology, Terrain, Population, Economics, Pre- TRANSPORTATION REQUIREMENTS AND EF- Government and Finance Study Item of the Flint- dictions, Electric power production. Tables, Ad- FECTS OF NEW COMMUNITIES. Genesee County Comprehensive Land Use-Trans- vanced planning. Roads. portation Planning Study. The study outlined in

May 68, II Op* the manual seeks to determine the impact of The main purpose of this preliminary regional Rept. on 'Study in New Systems of Urban Trans- governmental actions and fiscal policies upon development plan is to provide a unified concept portation". Prepared in cooperation with Depart- urban development in Genesee County and seeks for future growth and development that will max- ment of Housing and Urban Development, imize resource development and minimize public Washington, DC, Urban Transportation Adminis- expenditures for public facilities. Future studies by the Regional Board will evaluate the feedback

22 May 3, 1971

from this preliminary plan and establish a more PB-179 335 PB-179 352 detailed comprehensive plan that can be officially Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc., Chicago, III. Parsons Brinckcrhoff-Tudor-Bechlel. Sun Fran- adopted by local governing authorities to guide fu- GUIDELINES FOR NEW SYSTEMS OF URBAN cisco, Calif. ture regional development. (Author) TRANSPORTATION. VOLUME III. AN- FRICTION BRAKING SYSTEMS. NOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY. Final technical rept. Study in New Systems of Urban Transportation. PB-179 333 Jun 68, 183p* TR-6 Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc., Chicago, 111. May 68, 129p* Rept. on San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit GUIDELINES FOR NEW SYSTEMS OF URBAN Prepared in cooperation with Urban Transporta- District, Demonstration Project. Sponsored by TRANSPORTATION. VOLUME I. URBAN tion Administration, Washington, DC. See also Department of Housing and Urban Development, NEEDS AND POTENTIALS. Volume 1, PB-179 333. Washington, DC. Study in New Systems of Urban Transportation. May 68,290p» Descriptors: (''Urban planning, '•Transportation), Descriptors: ('Urban planning. Transportation), Prepared in cooperation with Urban Transporta- Urban areas. Systems engineering. Bibliographies, (•Braking, Performance (Engineering)), Hydraulic tion Administration, Washington, DC. See also Classification, Subject indexing, Weight. brakes. Electric brakes. Pneumatic brakes. Auto- Volume 2, PB-179 334. Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. Area planning matic, Control systems, Operation, Life expectan- and development. cy. Efficiency, Accuracy, Stability, Safety. Descriptors: (*Urban planning, *Transportation), Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. Mass transit Urban areas, Systems engineering. Problem solv- The bibliography has been prepared as part of a systems, Friction braking systems, Pneumatic ing. Feasibility studies. Predictions, Passenger study of Guidelines for New Systems of Urban tread. Electrical tread. Electro-pneumatic tread. vehicles. Cargo vehicles. Railroads, Power sup- Transportation, conducted for the US Department Pneumatic discs, Electric discs, Hydraulic discs. plies, Population, Economics, Sociometrics, Or- of Housing and Urban Development under the Hydraulic treads. Evaluation, Automatic train ganizations, Roads. provisions of the Urban Mass Transportation Act control. Area planning and development. Identifiers: Rapid transit systems, Area planning of 1964 as amended. (Author) and development. Objectives. The report is a description and evaluation of the development and testing of rapid transit friction This study has attempted to discover guidelines or PB-179 350 brake systems. Seven brake systems, representing criteria that can be useful in selecting, developing, Parsons Brinckerhof f-Tudor-Bechtel, San Fran- various control and force application designs, and planning new systems of urban transportation. cisco, Calif. were chosen for installation on the test vehicles: These guidelines are related primarily to the im- RAPID TRANSIT PROPULSION SYSTEMS, Pneumatic tread; Electrical tread; Electro-pneumatic tread; Pneumatic disc; Electric disc; pacts that can exist between urban transportation VOLUME I. systems and their surrounding urban environment. Final technical rept. Hydraulic disc; and Hydraulic tread. Each system The study has proceeded through a basic sequence was tested and evaluated with respect to its con- which first examines goals and objectives for Apr68, l72p*TR-4 urban development, next, looks at general trends Rept on San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit life, in addition to its general performance charac- and problems in urban growth, third, describes al- District, Demonstration Project. Sponsored by teristics. (Author) ternative forms and patterns for urban develop- Department of Housing and Urban Development, ment, and last, identifies different levels of trans- Washington, DC. See also Technical Report no. 5, PB-179 353 portation service needed in urban areas. Building PB-179 351. Parsons Brinckerhoff-Tudor-Bechlel, San Fran- upon these basic inputs, criteria for evaluating al- cisco, Calif. ternative urban transportation systems are Descriptors: CUrban planning. Transportation), ACOUSTICS STUDIES. developed, techniques for coordinating transpor- (Electric propulsion. Performance (Engineer- Final technical rept. tation and land-use planning are presented, and a ing)), Drives, Power supplies, Control systems. series of further research needs is identified. Automatic, Frequency converters. Acceleration, Jun 68, 105p' TR-8 (Author) Deceleration, Braking, Voltage, Railroad tracks. Rept. on San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit Electric motors. Instrumentation, Operation, Re- District, Demonstration Project. Sponsored by liability, Tolerances (Mechanics), Maintainability, Department of Housing and Urban Development, PB-179 334 Costs. Washington, DC. Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc., Chicago, 111. Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. Traction mo- GUIDELINES FOR NEW SYSTEMS OF URBAN tors. Mass transit systems. Area planning and Descriptors: ('Urban planning. Transportation), TRANSPORTATION. VOLUME II. A COLLEC- TION OF PAPERS. ('Railroads, 'Noise), Attenuation, Vibration, Damping, Railroad tracks. Fastenings, Buildings. Study in New Systems of Urban Transportation. The report deals with the testing and evaluation of Concrete, Vehicle wheels. Steel, Acoustics. rapid transit propulsion systems. The tests in- Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. Mass transit Apr 68, 346p* volved five systems representing various control systems, Sound barriers. Wheel damping. Rail Prepared in cooperation with Urban Transporta- and traction-motor concepts. Four of these were damping. Area planning and development. tion Administration, Washington, DC. See also evaluated at the Diablo Test Track; the fifth was Volume 3, PB-179 335. subjected to extensive laboratory testing and was The report documents the noise and vibration stu- demonstrated. (Author) dies for the Bay Area rapid transit District system. Descriptors: (*Urban planning, 'Transportation), Several of the studies involved the investigation of Urban areas. Systems engineering, Sociometrics, new concepts of noise and vibration control, such Environment, Performance (Engineering), PB-179 351 as the use of sound barrier walls (often called Economics, Psychology, Design. Parsons Brickerhoff-Tudor-Bechtel, San Fran- sound barriers or parapets) along the right-of-way, Identifiers: Objectives, Area planning and cisco, Calif. wheel damping, rail damping, and the use of rail development, Rapid transit systems. VEHICLE CONCEPTS. TRANSIT TRUCK fasteners incorporating vibration-reduction and Final technical rept. noise-reduction features. Considerable effort was This is one of three volumes produced in the study expended in determining the rank order of the of land-use and transportation relationships as part I24p* TR-5 Mar 68, various important sources of noise produced by of the 'new systems' study. In this volume, 13 Rept. on San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit steel-wheel vehicles passing over steel rails. authors discuss the role of transportation in District, Demonstration Project. Sponsored by modern urban life. The papers in this volume are Department of Housing and Urban Development, divided into five general categories. The first of Washington, D C. See also Technical Report no. 6, these-containing two papers—deals with criteria PB-179 352. PB-179 354 for the planning of urban areas and urban trans- Parsons Brinckerhoff-Tudor-Bechtel, San Fran- portation in particular from the standpoint of the Descriptors: (*Urban planning. Transportation), cisco, Calif. behavioral scientist. The paper in the second ('Transportation, 'Cargo vehicles). Vehicle chas- TEST INSTRUMENTATION. category deals with the subject of human and so- sis components. Acceleration, Brakes, Safety, Final technical rept. cial values. The paper in the third category Costs, Human engineering. Loading (Mechanics), describes a great number of specific environmen- Performance (Engineering), Railroad tracks. Test May 68,70p'TR-10 tal criteria or objectives for the design of transpor- methods. Reports. Engines -i- motors. Instrumen- Rept. on San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit tation systems. The papers in the fourth category tation, Tables. Suspension devices. District, Demonstration Project. Sponsored by explore existing knowledge about necessary and Identifiers: Area planning and development. Mass Department of Housing and Urban Development, desirable linkages between land-uses and between Washington, DC. transportation systems and urban form. They represent an initial effort to establish an improved The report discusses an evaluation of experimen- Descriptors: ('Urban planning. Transportation), basis for the location and design of transportation tal suspension systems for public transportation ('Test methods. Instrumentation), Control facilities and for the location of land-uses in rela- vehicles. Design criteria and specification data are systems. Automatic, Railroad tracks. Telephone tion to one another and to transportation. (Author) communication systems. Public address systems.

23 Urban Transportation

Radio communication systems, Accelerometers, Identifiers: Tunnels, Rapid transit systems. Pen- relations. Population, Public opinion, Question- Tachometers, Test equipment. tagon route, 'Geological cross sections, 'Subsur- naires, Flow charting. Research program adminis- Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. Mass transit face survey, 'Core drilling. tration. Traffic. systems. Area planning and development. Identifiers: Area planning and development, The document is Volume 2 of a three volume re- 'Skokie Swift, Skokie (Illinois), Mass transit The report describes the test instrumentation port on a proposed underground rapid transit systems and measuring devices used for testing system for metropolitan Washington. It covers the and evaluating the various components of rapid subsurface core drill survey of the proposed Pen- Skokie Swift is a rail rapid transit shuttle service transit hardware. (Author) tagon route. that was developed as one of the first transit mass transportation demonstration projects in the United States involving the cooperative sponsor- PB-179 371-T PB-179 655 ship of the federal government and a transit opera- National Tillage Machinery Lab., Auburn, Ala. Mueser, Rutledge, Wentworth and Johnston, New tor. As a demonstration project authorized by the SOIL DISTURBANCE WITH VIBRATING AND York. National Housing Act of 1961, the service was NONVIBRATING TOOLS, WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA RAPID provided on an experimental basis during the two R. M. Zonenberg. 15 Jun 68, 6p TRANSIT AUTHORIZED BASIC SYSTEM: SUB- years beginning in April 1964, between the suburb SURFACE INVESTIGATION. VOLUME IIL B of Skokie, Illinois, and the rapid transit system of Descriptors: (»Soils, USSR), (*Machines, Agricul- AND O ROUTE. the city of Chicago. (Author) ture), Vibrators (Mechanical), Sand. Interactions, Final rept. May 66-Jul 67. Physical properties. Force (Mechanics), Pressure, PB-179 707 Friction, Velocity, Deformation, Hardness, Dec 67, 41 2p' Dynanometers. Moisture. Contract NTA-66-7 Road Research Lab., Crowthorne (England). Identifiers: Farm equipment. Prepared in cooperation with DeLeuw, Gather A THEORETICAL ESTIMATE OF THE EFFECT OF LONDON CAR COMMUTERS TRANSFER- Co., Washington, D. C. See also Volume 1 , PB-1 79 RING TO BUS TRAVEL, The investigation proved the possibility of 653. F. V. Webster. 1968, 43p' RRL-LR165 decreasing draft of soil working by means of im- parting vibrations to them. The degree of draft Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban areas), Descriptors: ('Transportation, Effectiveness), reduction during vibration depends on the ratio ('Terrain, 'Structural geology). Drilling, Rock ('Passenger vehicles. Great Britain), Mathemati- speed of forward movement of the working tools (Geology), Hydrology, Soil mechanics. Test cal prediction. Volume, Traffic, Costs, Decision methods. Test facilities. Design, Substrates, Un- and the speed of its vibration its increases and with making. Optimization, Time, Velocity, Money, an increase of this ratio. (Author) derground structures. Foundations (Structures), Construction, Pressure, Instrumentation. Efficiency, Statistical distributions. Identifiers: Commuters, Bus travel. Rapid transit Identifiers: Tunnels, Rapid transit systems, B and systems, London (England), Routes. PB-179 653 O route, 'Geological cross sections, 'Subsurface Mueser, Rutledge, survey, 'Coredrilhng. Wentworth and Johnston, New Calculations have been made of the effect of York. private transport users in the central area of Lon- The document is Volume 3 of a three-volume re- WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA RAPID don transferring to public transport in peak port on a proposed underground rapid transit TRANSIT AUTHORIZED BASIC SYSTEM: SUB- periods. Several alternative systems were in- system for metropolitan Washington. It covers the SURFACE INVESTIGATION. VOLUME I. CON- vestigated all using buses; it was assumed that the subsurface core drill survey of the proposed B and NECTICUT AVENUE ROUTE. flows of taxis and goods vehicles remained at their O route. Final rept. May 66-Jul 67. present levels. For each type of bus considered an optimum route density was found which Dec 67, 378p» PB-179 656 minimised the total walking and waiting time for a Contract NTA-66-7 given Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. number of buses. Calculations of direct jour- Prepared in cooperation with DeLeuw, Gather ney speeds were for each of the proposed Office of Planning. made Co., Washington, D. C. See also Volume PB-179 2, PROPOSED INTERIM RF AND P RAILROAD systems as well as for the present system using 654. COMMUTER DEMONSTRATION PROJECT. cars, buses and motor-cycles. The reserve passenger capacities for each system were calculated. APPENDIX A: TRAFFIC FORECAST, BY ALAN Descriptors: (*Transportation, *Urban areas), Estimates were made of the operating costs and M. VOORHEES AND ASSOCIATES, INC. AP- ('Terrain, 'Structural geology). Drilling, Rock the passengers" time costs attributable to the vari- PENDIX B: CAPITAL AND OPERATING EX- (Geology), Hydrology, Soil mechanics. Test PENSES, BY COVERDALE AND COLPITTS. ous systems. The results of the calculations are methods. Design, Substrates, Foundations (Struc- critically dependent on a number of important as- Staff rept. tures), Pressure, Instrumentation, Test facilities. sumptions and the validity of these are discussed Construction, Maps. Jan68,88p' in the report. (Author) Identifiers: Tunnels, Rapid transit systems, Con- necticut Avenue route, 'Geological cross sections, Descriptors: ('Transportation, Railroads), ('Rail- PB-179 745 'Subsurface survey, 'Core drilling. roads, Costs), Feasibility studies, Operation, Vir- Abt Associates, Inc., Cambridge, Mass. ginia, District of Columbia, Railroad tracks, Cost The document is Volume I of a three-volume re- QUALITATIVE ASPECTS OF URBAN PER- SONAL TRAVEL DEMAND. port on the geology and hydrology of metropolitan Identifiers: Commuter rail service, Fairfax County Study in New Systems of Urban Transportation. Washington as related to construction of a three- (Virginia), Demonstration projects. leg underground rapid transit system. It covers the Aug 68, 140p' core drill survey of the proposed Connecticut The purpose of the study is to provide information Contract H-810 pertaining to the capital and operating costs and revenues for a six-year commuter rail demonstra- Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), tion operation on the and P Railroad between RF Urban areas, Rural areas. Passenger vehicles. Ad- PB-179 654 Union Station in Washington and Franconia in vanced planning. Questionnaires, Human en- Mueser, Rutledge, Wentworth and Johnston, New Fairfax, Virginia, as proposed by the Northern gineering. Population, Public opinion. Statistical York. Virginia Transportation so that the Commission, analysis. Management engineering, Mathematical WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA RAPID finan- Board may make a determination as to the models. Costs, Structures, Research program ad- SYSTEM: SUB- TRANSIT AUTHORIZED BASIC cial feasibility of the project. The data shown in ministration. SURFACE INVESTIGATION. VOLUME II. PEN- this report are preliminary, particularly the capital Identifiers: 'Area planning and development. TAGON ROUTE. requirements and operating costs. (Author) rept. 66-Jul 67. Fmal May The report discusses the effect of a wide range of qualitative factors on choice of mode for urban 338p* Dec 67, PB-179 681 transportation. Resistance to the use of public Contract NTA-66-7 Chicago Transit Authority, 111. Research and transportation was studied in the context of an Prepared in cooperation with DeLeuw, Gather Planning Dept. absence of desirable qualities, and recommenda- Co., Washington, D.C. See also Volume 3, PB-179 SKOKIE SWIFT: THE COMMUTER'S FRIEND. tions designed to correct qualitative deficiencies 655. Final rept., were to be developed. (Author) Thomas Buck. May 68, 73p' Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban areas), Rept. of Proj. Skokie' Swift Route in Relation to ('Terrain, 'Structural geology). Drilling, Rock CTA Rapid Transit System. Prepared in coopera- PB-179 845 (Geology), Hydrology, Rivers, Soil mechanics, tion with Department of Housing and Urban Charles River Associates, Inc., Cambridge, Mass. Test methods. Test facilities. Design, Un- Development, Washington, D.C. AN EVALUATION OF FREE TRANSIT SER- derground structures, Substrates, Foundation VICE. (Structures), Construction, Pressure, Instrumenta- Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Urban areas. Rural areas. Railroads, Costs, Public Aug 68, 177p'

24 May 3, 1971

Contract T8-088 (Neg.) PB-180 024 Railroads, Urban planning, Standards, Vehicle Grimble (L. E.) and Associates Ltd., Edmonton chassis components. Economics, Reviews, Mary- Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), land. Urban areas. Rural areas. Costs, Law, Safety, DESCRIPTION OF A GUIDED AUTOMATED Identifiers: 'Rapid transit systems, Baltimore Vehicles, Railroads, Air pollution, Mathematical INDIVIDUAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM, (Maryland), Technology, Monorail railways.

models, Statistical analysis. Management en- L. G. Grimble, and W. G. Atkinson. 1 Feb 68, gineering. Roads, Scheduling, Human engineer- 130p* The report reviews current and anticipated ing. Maintenance. Prepared in cooperation with Regina Transit developments in transit system operations equip- Identifiers; Area planning and development, *Free System (Saskatchewan), and Canadian Council on ments as they may particularly apply to the Urban and Regional Research. proposed rapid transit system for the Baltimore Region. The primary objective of this evaluation purpose of this study is to evaluate free transit The Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning). was to provide a realistic set of alternatives upon service to the extent possible given a limited Cargo vehicles. Passenger vehicles. Automation, amount of time and budget. The scope of the study Electric propulsion. Urban areas. Safety, vanced techniques and equipment in the prelimina- encompasses four related tasks: Identify the (1) Economics, Reliability, Roads, Canada. ry engineering of the transit system. New concepts economic, social, technological and financial fac- Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. Area planning and improvement of well-established techniques tors that are significant in evaluating a proposal to and development. are examined. Recommendations are included for provide free transit service to metropolitan area various system components and subsystems. users. (2) Provide gross estimates of the subsidy The report outlines the basic features of a Trans- (Author) required for nationwide free transit service. (3) portation System for growing cities of medium Conduct a case study to evaluate, to the extent size (400,000 to 800,000 population). The major possible, the factors that are identified as signifi- consideration of the study was toward the provi- PB-180 094 cant in considering a program of free transit. sion of a safe, convenient, all-weather and Daniel, Mann, Johnson, and Mendenhall, Los An- Boston has been selected for the case study to economical door door movement of people and geles, Calif. because of the availability of data and findings goods at reasonably high average speeds on vehi- ROUTE SELECTION AND COMMUNITY IM- from previous research work. Identify the fu- (4) cles capable of operating both on a guided en- PACT OF PROPOSED BALTIMORE RAPID ^ closed system and on existing city roads. It is sug- tions. (Author) TRANSIT SYSTEM. gested that the proposed system must provide the Economics rept. following: (1) The flexibility, privacy, comfort and convenience of the private automobile. (2) Capaci- PB-179 859 Jul 68, 138p' ty adequate to handle 50% of the trips to the Smith (Wilbur) and Associates, New Haven, Sponsored by Regional Planning Council. Bal- downtown in a city with potential growth to a total Conn. timore, Md. See also PB-180 095. A METHOD FOR ESTIMATING THE IMPACT population of one million, (3) Reliable transporta- OF TRAVEL TIME OR COST CHANGES ON tion, safer than the private automobile, at a cost Descriptors: ('Economics, 'Transportation), competitive that of transit service by a bus DIVERSION OF CAR DRIVERS TO TRANSIT: to Roads, Site selection. Impact, Employment, system. (4) A flexible and expandable system WORK TRAVEL TO CENTRAL BUSINESS DIS- Urban planning, Sociometrics, Maryland. which would function efficiently at the various TRICT. Identifiers: 'Rapid transit systems, Baltimore stages of the city's development, and be compati- (Maryland), Land use. ble with existing modes of transportation. (5) Re- Feb 68, 125p* lief to the problems of air pollution, traffic con- Contract CPR-1 1-2849 The report includes: (1) an analysis of the gestion, and downtown parking. (6) Good collec- economic and social factors existing and projected tion in the suburbs, good line haul at a reasonable Descriptors: ('Transportation, Substitutes), ('Em- within the primary area of influence of each of the speed, and an adequate downtown distribution ployment, 'Urban areas), ('Motor vehicle opera- six proposed transit corridors; (2) a determination service for the commuter and shopper. (Author) tors, Decision making). Transformations, Impact, of the impact of rapid transit upon the economies Costs, Time, Mathematical analysis. Acceptabili- of those neighborhoods located within the cor- ty, Tables. ridors, and therefore potentially affected by the PB-180 092 Identifiers: Inner city. Shortcut formula. Rapid proposed system; and (3) an evaluation of the im- Wainwright and Ramsey, Inc., New York. transit systems. of rapid transit upon the Baltimore Region. FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY OF A PROPOSED pact BAL- (Author) The document contains a non-technical descrip- RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM FOR THE REGION. tion of the Shortcut Formula, with instructions on TIMORE Final rept. the preparation of data for use with it and an illus- PB-180 095 trative example of its application. Some con- Daniel, Mann, Johnson, and Mendenhall, Los An- Jun68, 31p' geles, Calif. Sponsored by Regional Planning Council, Bal- discussed. Chapter 3 sets forth the data which ROUTE SELECTION AND COMMUNITY IM- timore, Md. See also PB-180 093. were examined during preparation of the Formula PACT OF PROPOSED BALTIMORE RAPID and the arguments upon which it is based. Appen- TRANSIT SYSTEM. APPENDICES I AND IL Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), dix A contains a number of problems which have Economics rept. Costs, Money, Federal budgets. Feasibility stu- been worked out. Appendix B describes the use of dies. Reports, Economics, Construction, Law. parking surveys and on-transit interviews which Jul 68, 178p' Identifiers: 'Area planning and development, may be prepared as inputs. (Author) Sponsored by Regional Planning Council, Bal- 'Rapid transit systems, Baltimore (Maryland), timore, Md. See also PB-180 094. Retail sales taxes.

PB-179 865 Descriptors; ('Economics, 'Transportation), this report is to present Barbara, Calif. The purpose of a recom- General Research Corp., Santa Roads, Site selection. Impact, Employment, mended plan of financing a proposed rapid transit SUPPLEMENTAL STUDIES OF URBAN TRANS- Urban planning. Factor analysis, Maryland. system for the Baltimore region. The report esti- PORTATION SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, VOLUME Identifiers; 'Rapid transit systems, Baltimore mates the net cost for the proposed system (in- 5. (Maryland), use. for inflation and contingen- Land Rept. forFeb-31 Aug 68, cluding allowances Hamilton, and A. cies), and recommends proposals for financing the J. A. Boys, E. N. Dodson, W. F. Contents; Description of compared segments; 151p* GRC-CR-777-2 system. These methods include Federal grants and R. Sjovold. Sep 68, Factors considered; Selection procedure. Contract H-777 limited tax bonds payable from the receipts of a See also Volume l,PB-178 261. retail sales tax. (Author) PB-180 116 Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban areas). Institute of Public Administration, Washington. D. Mathematical analysis. Terrain, Traffic, Transfor- PB-180 093 C. mations, Periodic variations. Models (Simula- Daniel, Mann, Johnson, and Mendenhall, Los An- geles, CaHf. PUBLIC URBAN LOCATOR SERVICE (PULSE): tions), Tables, Massachusetts, Texas. BACKGROUND AND CONFERENCE Identifiers: Suburbs, Rapid transit systems. Area EVALUATION OF TRANSPORTATION EQUIP- PROCEEDINGS. planning and development. Patterns (Configura- MENT TECHNOLOGY FOR USE IN THE BAL- tion), Inner city, Land use. Boston (Mas- TIMORE REGION RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM. 24 0ct68,466p' sachusetts), Houston (Texas). Jun68, 186p' Contract H-1030 Planning Council, Bal- Prepared in cooperation with Teknekron, Inc. This volume (5) reports on studies of alternative Sponsored by Regional land use and travel demand, extended rail rapid timore, Md., and the Department of Housing and Descriptors: ('Vehicles, 'Position finding). transit systems, and improved modal split formu- Urban Development, Washington, D. C. See also ('Transportation, 'Radio communication lations. Two new patterns of travel demand are PB-180 094. discussed, one showing increased suburban systems). Urban areas. Traffic, Passenger vehi- nucleation of trip activity and the other showing an Descriptors: ('Transportation, Systems engineer- cles. Cargo vehicles, Urban planning. Monitors, increased central focus. (Author) ing). Design, Passenger vehicles. Railroad cars,

25 Urban Transportation

Identifiers: PULSE (Public Urban Locator Ser- JOINT PROJECT CONCEPT: INTEGRATED The study design report presents a detailed guide vice), 'Public urban locator service. TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS. for the conduct of the County comprehensive planning program including the metro area trans- Contents: Introduction to PULSE; IPA-TEK- Jan 68, 143p* portation study. The document defines the con- NEKRON report on automatic vehicle monitor- tent, and product, responsibility, schedule and ing; Suggested PULSE experiments; Abstracts Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), budget for the study. The planning program as out- from PULSE conference presentations; Selected Management planning. Economics, Urban areas. lined is directed toward fulfilling the two needs of presentations from PULSE conference (General Civil engineering. Buildings, Roads. comprehensive land use planning and transporta- considerations. Phase-ranging TAVMs, Pulse- Identifiers: Area planning and development. Land tion planning. Detailed job descriptions are out- ranging TAVMs, Dead reckoning systems. Prox- lined for each of the ninety plus individual work imity sensing systems. Miscellaneous). items underthe program. (Author) The location of major transportation routes presents many problems for the urban transporta- PB-180 210 tion and land-use planner. Not only must route al- PB-180 474 Department of Transportation, Washmglon, D. C. ternatives be tested according to engineering Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, Dept. of POPULATION FORECASTING METHODS. A Statistics. REPORT ON FORECASTING AND ESTIMAT- vironmental factors such as relocation loads, A PROBABILISTIC APPROACH TO TRAFFIC ING METHODS, disruption of neighborhood social patterns, dis- PROBLEMS. Revised ed., placement of public facilities, and potential land- Final rept., Frank V. Hermann. Jun 64, 65p* use improvements must be evaluated. The study W. A. Thompson, R. J. Serfling, L N. Shimi, and Sponsored in part by Bureau of Public Roads, showed how a wide variety of joint development Duane A. Meeter. Oct 68, I76p' Washington, D. C. projects can serve as an effective means for in- Contract FH-1 1-6680 tegrating major urban transportation facilities with Descriptors: ('Population, Predictions), ('Trans- the surrounding urban environment. The influence Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Statistical analysis), ('Roads, Traffic), ('Traffic, portation, Urban planning). Statistical processes. of joint project opportunities should be felt in the Control systems), Problem solving. Employment, Classification, actual process of route location, as one of the fac- Safety, Passenger vehicles. Hazards, Urban areas. Cost effectiveness, theory. Economics. tors necessary in the evaluation of alternatives. Queueing Stochastic Identifiers: Vital statistics. Migration, processes. Distribution functions, Monte Carlo Area The major, overriding conclusion of the study is method. Computer programs. Simulation. planning and development. Census data. Estima- that no unusual or especially significant problems tion methods. Identifiers: Pollaczek's formula, Non-Poisson stand in the way of a much wider adoption of the Traffic flow. joint project concept. (Author) models. Computer simulation. Planning transportation facilities for urban areas requires study, analysis, and forecasts of popula- A seventeen-month study was conducted on the tion, economic activity, and land use. These ele- PB-180 399 development of theories of a probabilistic and ments are the basic determinants of travel. This re- Genesee County Metropolitan Planning Commis- statistical nature that have direct applications for the solution of network flow, queueing and con- port deals with one of these elements, namely sion, Flint. Mich. population forecasting. The report has been TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES STUDY gestion, safety and cost problems. Investigations were made in the existing literature on traffic flow, prepared to assist those having little or no MANUAL AND DESIGN. background in demography to become acquainted applications of various statistical theories and in the theory of qu with the general field and with the major popula- Sep6X,5lp cues for vehicles at traffic signals. at stop-signal intersections and approaching tion forecasting procedures in common use. Rept. on Flint-Genesee County Comprehensive freeways from on-ramps. Five technical papers Land Use-Transportation Planning Study. and included in the final report hievement of the principle task Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), stated in^the'"^ :ontract objective. These papers PB-180 224 Handbooks. Management planning. Flow chart- reflect researc h accomplishments in the three System Development Corp., Santa Monica, Calif. ing. Rural areas. Networks, Statistical data. Col- problem area s: Tunnel Problem, Merging AN INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR URBAN lecting methods. Air transportation. Passenger Problem, and the Non-Poisson Models Problem. TRANSPORTATION PLANNING: THE BATSC vehicles. Cargo vehicles. Data processing Three of the technical papers were written in the APPROACH. systems. Roads, Classification, Traffic, Stan- tunnel problem area. These papers advanced Technical memo., dards, Safety, Population, Railroads. respectively a simulation model, an extreme value Michael J. Kevany. 15 May 68, 65p* SDC-TM- Identifiers: Land use. Methodology, 'Area distribution model and a queueing model. For the 3920/000/01 planning and development. Pipelines, Parking, mergin problem, renewal theory was applied in the Genesee County (Michigan), Flint (Michigan), formulations for merging probabilities and ex- Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning), Public facilities. ('Data processing systems. Transportation), istence of gaps. In the Non-Poisson Models problem, a technical report was prepared that con- Documentation, Programming (Computers), This report is a study manual which identifiex for siders the major assumptions and basic defini- Urban areas. Statistical analysis. Management the transportation facilities study item of the Flint- tions. It then considers the differential-difference planning. Genesee County comprehensive land use-trans- equations approach and compares this to the Identifiers: Information systems, 'Management portation planning study the data source, the transition equations approach. Related topics are information systems, SPAN (Statistical responsibilities of study participants, and the futher considered (BPR abstract) Processing and Analysis), MADAM computer pro- methodology to be utilized in the execution of the gram, DATADOX computer program. Data transportation facilities study. The analytical ap- management, BATSC (Bay Area Transportation proach outlined in the manual seeks to define the PB-180 484 Study Commission). total transportation network, measure its adequa- Voorhees (Alan M.) and Associates, Inc., cy, and determine improvements needed to pro- McLean, Va. The document describes selected concepts and vide adequate levels of transportation required by URBAN MASS TRANSIT PLANNING PROJECT: techniques of the data processing system in use at ^ ^ FACTORS INFLUENCING TRANSIT the Bay Area Transportation Study Commission (Author) PLANNING. is the (BATSC). BATSC charged with preparation Technical rept. of a long-range regional ground transportation plan for the nine-county San Francisco region. To carry PB-180 413 Oct66,48pTR-l out its forecasting and planning tasks, the Study Barton-Aschman Associates, Chicago, III. Supported by Dept. of Housing and Urban has amassed a large base of machine-processable STUDY DESIGN: SAGINAW COUNTY COM- Development, Washington, D. C. information about the region-its people, economic PREHENSIVE PLANNING PROGRAM. activities, land use and transportation. The Study SAGINAW METROPOLITAN AREA TRANS- Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning). is unique in the extent to which it has employed PORTATION STUDY. Programming (Computers), Factor analysis. user-oriented generalized application software for Specifications. Urban areas. Passenger vehicles. the processing and analysis of its data, and also in Apr68, 2l6p' Cost effectiveness. the emphasis it has placed upon the systematic ac- Identifiers: Land use. Modal split models. Area counting and documentation of its data resources. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Rural areas), planning and development. The document describes the SPAN, MADAM, ('Urban planning. Transportation), Management and DATADOX systems employed at the Study, planning. Feasibility studies. Scheduling, Budgets, The report sets out the broad specifications for a Costs, Air traffic. Water traffic. Roads, Popula- 'package' of computer programs designed specifi- (Author) tion, Law, Predictions, Accidents, Sociometrics, cally for transit planning in urban areas. It should Reports, Michigan. be regarded as a general statement of the type of Identifiers: Area planning and development. information which is needed from the programs PB-180 227 Metropolitan area studies, Land use. Objectives, (outputs), of the type of data which the program Zoning ordinances, Saginaw (Michigan). should accept and its format (inputs), and some

26 May 3, 1971

Identifiers; IBM 7090 computers, IBM 7094 coi "ORTRAN 4 prot-ramming languag MA languat RTRA

The purpose of the document is to summa

formation pertaining to the operation of a [ McLean, Va. of IBM 7090/94 computer programs for The report is the fourth of a series of technical re-

URBAN MASS TRANSIT PLANNING PROJECT ingc planning of public transporta . This ports describing the development and utility of a ' - for planning of COMPUTER PROGRAM SPECIFICATIONS. ual i refere battery of computer programs the Technical rept. The programs in the package arc wiiucii in r\ji^ public transportation. Volume I discusses the TRAN IV and MAP using the IBJOB processor o general capabilities of the programs, their data Ocl66,230pTR-2 the IBSYS (Version 13) operating system preparation and their use. Chapter II of this Sponsored by Department of Housing and Urban Although each program is an entity, all are interde manual relates the programs to the overall transit Development, Washington, D. C. pendent in that one creates or reads the input o planning process, and describes the programs as a

output of another. The IBSYS/IBJOB system i set of interrelated elements forming a software Descriptors; ('Transportation, Computer pro- well suited for the sequential execution of any se system. The chapter sets an analytical planning grams), (*Urban planning. Transportation), of programs. Thus elements of the framework within which the programs operate and Roads, Subroutines, Specifications. 5 y be linked togethi y logic discusses data interface. Chapter III describes the

to fulfull a variety of tasks. (, uthor) transit network program. It also serves as a net- The report presents the results of an intensive ef- work coding manual. Chapter IV exemplifies the transit pathfind- fort to convert transit planning needs into a set of mechanics and capabilities of the ing program. Chapter tells how to make effec- detailed computer program specifications. The V tive use of the data reduction, regression and second section of the report presents the overall McLean, Va. modal split programs. These programs are in- transportation planning process, the relationship URBAN MASS TRANSIT PLANNING PROJECT tended to cover a wide range of applications. Due of transit planning to this process and specifically MODAL SPLIT SIMULATION MODEL. to their flexibility, their use requires careful con- describes the function of the transit planning com- sideration and planning. This chapter discusses puter programs in implementing this process. The ways of making good use of these programs. third section presents detailed specifications of the Aug 67,83pTR-4 individual programs. specifications set forth These Sponsored by Department of Hou in detail the input, methodology, and output of Development, Washington, D. C. each program. In addition, a flowchart of each PB-180 491 program is presented. The Appendices of the re- Voorhees (Alan M.) and Associates. Inc., port describe several generalized subroutines to be ban planning. Transportation), Traffic, Mathe- McLean, Va. used throughout the programs and a detailed matical analysis. Set theory. Scheduling, Costs, URBAN MASS TRANSIT PLANNING PROJECT. description of the algorithm to be used in finding Passenger vehicles. VOLUME II. IBM SYSTEM/360 COMPUTER paths through a transit system. (Author) Identifiers; Modal split models. PROGRAMS USERS' REFERENCE MANUAL. Technical rept. The central concern in the report is with the PB-180 486 problem of moving people about within the con- Jan 68, 163p'TR-6 Voorhees (Alan M Associates, fines of the United States' larger metropolitan Supported by Dept. of Housing and Urban McLean, Va. areas, particularly at those times of the day when Development, Washington, D. C. See also Volume URBAN MASS TRANSIT PLANNING PROJECT. the demand for intra-area travel is at a peak. The 1, PB-180 490. VOLUME I. IBM 7090/94 COMPUTER PRO- basis for modal classificatio GRAMS GENERAL INFORMATION MANUAL. which r iults Descriptors; ('Transportation, 'Urban planning). Technical rept. which is useful in analyzing intra-urban transpor- Programming (Computers), Programming lan- Apr67, 75pTR-3-Vol-l tation. By this definition, modal split is concerned guages. Subroutines, Control. Sponsored by Department of Housing and Urban with the division between those trips made by Identifiers; Modal split models, IBM/360 compu- Development, Washington, D. C. See also Volume private means of transportation and those trips •~rs, FORTRAN 4 programming language, FOR- 2, PB-180 487. made using public means of transportation within TR, the confines of an urban area. (Author) Descriptors: (*Transportation, Programming The manual summarizes information pertaining to (Computers)), ('Urban planning. Transportation), the operation of a package of IBM System/360 Instruction manuals. Passenger vehicles. computer programs for use in long-range planning Identifiers; IBM 7090 computers, IBM 7094 com- of public transportation. The manual is intended as puters. McLean, Va. a concise reference for those who are familiar with URBAN MASS TRANSIT PLANNING PROJECT. the usage of computer programs for transportation The computer programs described are written for RECOMMENDATIONS FOR URBAN MASS planning. The programs in the package are written the Urban Mass Transit Planning Project. They TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH. in FORTRAN IV (G) and 360 Assembler Lan- Technical rept. guage using the full Operating System/360. provide the user with the ability to evaluate con- Although each program is an entity, all are interde- veniently and economically a proposed transit Dec67, 31pTR-5 pendent in that one creates or reads the input or system. They give reliable estimates of the number Sponsored by Department of Housing and Urban output of another. The Operating System is well of passengers using the system or any desired por- Development, Washington, D. C. suited for the sequential execution of any set of tion of the system, and how adequately the system programs. The second chapter contains informa- or portion handles this demand. The user can Descriptors; ('Transportation, Research program tion to assist one in communicating with the quickly and easily alter the system and test the administration), ('Urban planning. Transporta- Operating System through Job Control Language. resulting effect on passenger demands and tion), Costs, Traffic, Engmeering, Management The third chapter presents the 'language' or means I is general description required service. Volume a engineering. Decision making. Education, Train- of talking to the subject programs. The remainder of the capabilities of the programs and the of the manual consists of summaries of operating preparation for using them. (Author)

PB-180 487 PB-180 572 Voorhees (Alan M.) and Associates, Inc., McLean, Va. URBAN MASS TRANSIT PLANNING PROJECT. VOLUME II. IBM 7090/94 COMPUTER PRO- PB-180 490 Fmal technical rept. GRAMS USERS' REFERENCE MANUAL. M.) and Technical rept. McLean. Va. Aug 68, l83p'TR-9 URBAN MASS TRANSIT PLANNING PROJECT. Sponsored in part by the Department of Housing Apr 67, 127pTr-3-Vol-2 VOLUME I. IBM SVSTEM/360 COMPUTER ind Urban Development, Washington, D. C. A re~^ Sponsored by Department of Housing and Urban PROGRAMS GENERAL INFORMATION :iort in the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit Development, Washington, D. C. See also Volume MANUAL. Demonstration Project series. Technical rept. Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation). •Vehicle wheels. Adhesion). Acceleration. Deceleration. Railroad tracks, California. Feasi- iilil\ studies, F.lecinc propulsion. Braking, Simu- ation, Railroads, Friction, Loading (Mechanics).

27 Urban Transportation

Identifiers: *Rapid transit systems. Mass transit relatively constant or declined when Swift service PB-182 217 systems. Area planning + development. Coeffi- began. (Author) Peat, Marwick, Livingston and Co., Washington.

cient of adhesion , Coefficient of friction. DC. SYSTEM FOR SURVEYING REGIONAL The report discusses the phenomenon of adhesion PB-180 755 TRAVEL. VOLUME I: PROPOSED METHOD

as it applies to the theoretical and operational per- Bureau of Public Roads, Washington, D. C. Office FOR SELECTION OF SURVEY SITES FOR A formance of railway wheels in contact with rail. of Planning. COORDINATED AIR, AUTO, BUS AND RAIL The term adhesion refers to the tangential friction CALIBRATING AND TESTING A GRAVITY TRAVELER SURVEY IN THE NORTHEAST force developed at the wheel-to-rail contact area; MODEL FOR ANY SIZE URBAN AREA. CORRIDOR. this force is active during acceleration, decelera- 176p* tion, and maintenance of train speed. The ratio Oct 65, Jun 67,58p* between the adhesion force and the normal load Contract DT-7-35215 Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning), transmitted by the wheel to the rail is called the See also Volume 2, PB-182 218. Traffic), areas. coefficient of adhesion (analogous to coefficient ('Mathematical models. Urban Roads, Decision making. Site selection. Schedul- of friction). The objectives of the study were to Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban planning). Pattern recognition. Population, Statistical establish the adhesion limits anticipated on the ing, Site selection. Manpower studies, Air traffic. Pas- distributions. Programming (Computers), Data BART system, taking into consideration signifi- senger vehicles, Railroads, Statistical processes. processing systems. Punched cards. Magnetic cant variables, and to provide a general source of Collecting methods. Pattern recognition. Manage- tape. Computer programs. Calibration, Test adhesion data for the transit industry. As ment planning. Motivation, Costs, Behavior, Pre- methods. dictions, United States. background for the second objective, a history of Identifiers: Trip distribution. Gravity models. Identifiers: 'Northeast Corridor, Regional travel the laws and theories of friction and a summary of Traffic flow. railway adhesion research are included. (Author) surveys. Buses (Vehicles), Preferences.

Trip distribution is an important and complex The understanding of travel choices, investment phase transportation planning process. It PB-180 620 of the opportuni ies, and community impact continues to provides the planner with a systematic procedure Greater Bridgeport Regional Planning Agency, be a disti ctive challenge to planning research. A interchanges for Trumbull, Conn. capable of estimating zonal trip or surveying regional travel could A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF MASS alternate plans of both land use and transportation reasonabl facilities. These zonal interchanges constitute a which are to provide statistical to TRANSPORTATION IN THE GREATER data; establish BRIDGEPORT REGION, basic part of the travel information necessary for travel pre ferences; to determine travel motives transportation planning. This manual documents in and patte ns; to establish transportation needs or Nov 68,28p* detail the process of trip distribution utilizing the demand; o produce costs and other financial in- gravity model as it is defined. Since auto- travel. now formation , and to forecast future (Author) mated trip distribution techniques have only Descriptors; (*Urban planning, 'Transportation), become available in the last decade, the details in- Urban areas. Traffic, Roads, Management volved in the various steps are still being im- PB-182 289 planning, Economics, Railroads, Commerce, Pas- proved. (Author) Voorhees (Alan M.) and Associates. Inc.. senger vehicles. Statistical analysis, Connecticut. McLean, Va. Identifiers: Area planning -I- development. Mass FEASIBILITY OF FRINGE PARKING FOR THE transit systems. Rapid transit systems. Express- PB-180 955 NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION. ways, Parking, Turbo trains, Elevated skybuses. American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Monorail, Bridgeport (Connecticut). Brookline, Mass. 8 Jan 65, I52p CONFERENCE ON POVERTY AND TRANS- Sponsored by General Services Administration, The report assesses the mass transit situation in PORTATION, JUNE 7, 1968: EDITED TRANS- Washington, D. C. Limited number of copies con- the region as it exists today - and suggests in a CRIPT. taining color other than black and white are availa- general way, the directions in which future studies ble until stock is exhausted. Reproductions will be should proceed in order to come up with some 1968, 162p' made in black and white only. It been found that positive action proposals. has Contract FH-1 1-6845 there is connection between transportation and a See also PB-180 956. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'District of Colum- the urban crisis. Today's urban areas face serious bia), ('Passenger vehicles. Site selection). transportation as: Deterioration of problems, such Descriptors; ('Economics, Symposia), ('Trans- Economics, Feasibility studies. Statistical data. mass transit facilities; Intensification of traffic portation, Symposia), Wages, Employment, Traffic, Costs, Questionnaires, Railroads, Urban congestion; and Lack of co-ordination between Housing, Passenger vehicles. Distribution planning. Maps, Tables. transportation and other elements of planning. (Economics), Urban areas. Identifiers; Fringe parking. Rapid transit systems. Identifiers: 'Poverty, Mass transportation. Parking facilities.

PB-180 653 Attention at the conference focussed on the inter- Analyses are made of fringe parking experience in Chicago Area Transportation Study, III. relationships between low income, race, housing the Washington area, utilizing survey data previ- THE SKOKIE SWIFT: A STUDY IN URBAN location and transportation needs, as well as the ously collected. Personal interviews have been RAPID TRANSIT. means of alleviating transport dependence through conducted with park-and-riders to learn more of Rept. for 1964-1966, the provision of new systems, and redesign of cur- their preferences and motivations. A study has Earl R. Ruiter, Jere J. Hinkle, and John D. rent systems such as mass transit, taxis, jitneys as been made of the transportation improvement Orzeske. Jul 68, 1 16p Rept. no. 317031-Vl well as novel systems. Jobs and transportation and 'bought' by a public agency investing money in Rept. on 'The Chicago Area Transportation Stu- income redistribution and transportation were well fringe parking as opposed to other transport in- dy.' Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of developed themes. Various experimental efforts vestment alternatives. Criteria for selection of Public Roads, Washington, D. C. under the Urban Mass Transportation program fringe parking sites have been prepared, and were described. The concern with the budgetary finally a number of specific sites have been sug- Descriptors: ("Transportation, Urban areas), limitations of such programs was expressed. No gested where a fringe parking program might Statistical analysis. Railroads, Vehicles, Cost ef- definitive answers were found. Each city has begin. (Author) fectiveness. Time studies. Sampling, Traffic, unique problems but the conference yielded some Questionnaires. common insights into the problem of providing Identifiers: Skokie Swift, CATS (Chicago Area mobility to the poor in our cities. (BPR abstract) PB-182 474 Transportation Study), Chicago Area Transporta- Parsons Brinckerhof f-Tudor-Bechtel, San Fran- tion Study. cisco, Calif. PB-180 956 TRACTION POWER COLLECTION. The report is a summary of the Chicago Area American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Final technical rept. Transportation Study's role in the Chicago Transit Brookline, Mass. Authority - Village of Skokie Mass Transit CONFERENCE ON POVERTY AND TRANS- l968,48P*TR-7-VoI-2 Demonstration Project sponsored by the Housing PORTATION, JUNE 7, 1968: SUMMARY AND Rept. on 'San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit and Home Finance Agency. The two year demon- CONCLUSIONS AND PAPERS PRESENTED. District Demonstration Project'. Sponsored in part stration project period started in April, 1964. by the Department of Housing and Urban CATS participation in this project consisted of 1968, 421p' Development, Washington, D. C. See also Volume collection, processing and analyzing data from a Contract FH-1 1-6845 I, PB-182 473. series of field studies. This report concludes that, See also PB-180 955. with the inception of Skokie Swift service, overall Descriptors: ('Railroads, 'Electric propulsion). transit ridership in the Skokie area increased mar- Descriptors: ('Economics, Symposia), ('Trans- Direct current. Power equipment. Cost effective- kedly during the course of the demonstration pro- portation, Symposia), Wages, Employment, ness. Rods, Electrical properties. Physical proper- ject and that this increase was absorbed almost Labor, Passenger vehicles. Urban areas. Distribu- ties. Materials, Configuration, Voltage, Electric wholly by the Skokie Swift, the bus lines in the tion (Economics). insulation. Transportation, Urban areas. Installa- area showing ridership figures which remained Identifiers: 'Poverty, Mass transportation. tion, Test methods, California.

28 May 3, 1971

Identifiers: Electric power collectors, Bay Area Identifiers: Area planning and development. Mass The analysis has delineated and, wherever possi- Rapid Transit District, Rapid transit systems. Con- transportation. ble, quantified the benefits accruing to the tact rails, San Francisco (California). Washington Region as a result of implementing the The report discusses the activities for the Tri-State Adopted Regional Rapid Transit System. No at- Volume 1 described three-phase 4160-volt ac col- Transportation Commission for the year 1968. tempt has been made to compare the benefits and lection systems. The volume describes the Problems common to the States of New York, costs of various alternative systems - the selec- development, installation, and testing of 1000-voll New Jersey and Connecticut were handled by the tion of the proposed regional system was made dc contact rail assemblies and current collectors previously on the basis of its superior patronage for the BART demonstration project. (Author) and revenue potentials. It is, therefore, a "given" in the analysis. (Author) PB-182 537 PB-182 478 Tri-State Transportation Commission, New York. Chicago Area Transportation Study, 111. PEOPLE-TRANSPORTATION-JOBS: PUBLIC PB-182 698 AN EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE LAND TRANSPORT SERVICES TO NON-CBD EM- Georgia State Planning Bureau, Atlanta. USE AND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS IN PLOYMENT CONCENTRATIONS. STATUS OF TRANSPORTATION IN GEORGIA. THE CHICAGO AREA, E. Wilson Campbell. Oct 68, 84p Rept. no. 322021 - Jan 69,40p* 1968, 51p' I Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Public Descriptors: ('Economics, Urban areas), ('Trans- Urban Development, Washington, D. C. Limited Roads, Washington, D. C. portation, 'Employment), Urban planning. Group number of copies containing color other than black dynamics, Transportation, Costs, Research pro- and white are available until stock is exhausted. Descriptors: (*Transportation, Feasibihty stu- gram administration. Effectiveness, Question- Reproductions will be made in black and white dies), (*Urban planning, *Illinois), Cost effective- naires, Programming (Computers), New York. ness. Passenger vehicles, Railroads, Traffic, Identifiers: 'Bus lines. Poverty, Suburban popula- Statistical analysis. Substitutes, Volume. Net- tion. Underprivileged groups, Public transporta- Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Georgia), works, Tables, Maps. Reviews, Urban planning. Background, Roads, Identifiers: (Illinois), Evaluation, Chicago Land Railroads, Air transportation. Water traffic. Vehi- use, Expressways, *Area planning and develop- The document covers operations in which six bus cles, Maps, Tables. ment. Rapid transit systems. routes began operation with public funds to link Identifiers: Pipelines, 'Area planning and develop- the suburban poor with available job openings. This report describes the work of the Chicago area The report details the operating experience on the transportation study in determining the quality of project bus routes, gives insights into the lifestyle There are two major sections in the report: transportation services which would be provided of suburban poverty households, and details case background information, and transportation infor- by each of four land use alternatives developed for histories of how the project has helped the unem- mation categorized by transportation media. The the Chicago Metropohtan Area. This work identi- ployed or under employed. The report also pro- first three chapters comprise the background or in- fies the one land use alternative judged to provide vides technical data on how the cost of project bus troductory part of the report in presenting infor- the most effective transportation facilities at the lines are determined, describes nine additional mation relevant to latter chapter. The second part least cost. This alternative, designated the Finger routes that have recently been opened and ex- of the report, including chapters four through Alternative in this report, emphasizes the develop- plains the sources of revenue and expense. nine, considers the elements of highways, naviga- ment of land uses and activities into radial cor- tion, railroads, air transportation, trucks and buses ridors, resulting in a physical pattern resembling and pipelines. (Author) the human hand, with the area within the tri-state tollway forming the palm and urban corridors PB-182 567 radiating outward. Because of this physical Smith (Larry), and Co., Washington, D. C. PB-182 703 characteristic, the alternative allows a number of METRO PROPERTY UTILIZATION: SUMMA- Wise (Harold F.) and Associates, Washington, D. advantages in providing transportation that the RY. C. other three do not. (Author) A STUDY DESIGN PROSPECTUS FOR GEOR- 15 Jan 69, 27p' GIA COMPREHENSIVE STATEWIDE TRANS- Sponsored in part by Washington Metropolitan PORTATION PLANNING. PB-182 521 Area Transit Authority. Tennessee State Planning Commission, Chat- Dec 68, 38p tanooga. Southeast Regional Office. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning), in with Voorhees TRANSPORTATION PLAN: DAYTON, TEN- Prepared cooperation (Alan M.) (-District of Columbia, Transportation), Terrain, and Associates, Inc., McLean, Va. Sponsored in NESSEE. Economics, Impact, Commerce, Predictions, Sub- part by Department of Housing and Urban stitutes, Tables, Population, Maryland, Virginia. Development, Washington, D. C. and Georgia Sep 68, 55p Identifiers: Subway stations, Rapid transit rail- State Planning Bureau, Atlanta. Limited number of copies containing color other ways, Washington metropolitan area. Taxes, than black and white are available until stock is ex- Benefit cost analysis. Land use. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Georgia), Urban hausted. Reproductions will be made in black and planning. Interactions, Budgets, Management white only. The document contains an economic study planning. Design, Predictions, Humans, Cargo, prepared to serve as a departing premise in the Vehicles, Railroads, Water traffic. Airports. Descriptors: (*Urban areas, 'Transportation), conduct of more detail studies focused on the Identifiers: State governments, 'Area planning (•Tennessee, Transportation), Passenger vehicles. economics of particular station service areas. The and development. Land use. Roads, Construction, Traffic, Safety, Advanced study is preliminary, based on the completion of planning. Site selection. preliminary engineering studies and selection of Carrying out a comprehensive transportation Identifiers: Area planning and development. proposed routes for the metropolitan rail rapid planning program involves the interaction of many system. (Author) specialties and the completion of hundreds of in- The report discusses a plan prepared to serve the dividual tasks. It is the purpose of this prospectus future transportation needs of the Dayton Tennes- to assist in Georgia's comprehensive planning ef- see area. Major emphasis has been given to the PB-182 568 fort by discussing the study design preparation street and highway needs in the area. (Author) Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. process and the elements to be considered in the BENEFITS TO THE WASHINGTON AREA study design. The first section describes the trans- PB-182 522 FROM THE ADOPTED REGIONAL METRO portation planning process and discusses how it in- Tri-State Transportation Commission, New York. SYSTEM. TECHNICAL APPENDIX. terrelates with the other statewide planning pro- ANNUAL REPORT, 1968. grams. The next part discusses six step process 25 Oct 68, 49p recommended for the preparation of the study Limited number of copies containing color other Oct 68, I7p design, and the anticipated preparation cost and black white are available until stock is ex- schedule. (Author) Sponsored in part by Bureau of Public Roads, than and in and Washington, D. C. and Department of Housing hausted. Reproductions will be made black and Urban Development, Washington, D. C. Limited number of copies containing color other PB-182 739 ('Transportation, 'Urban planning), Tri-State Transportation Commission. York. than black and white are available until stock is ex- Descriptors: New Transportation), Cost ef- hausted. Reproductions will be made in black and ('District of Columbia, REGIONAL PROFILE: WHO RIDES TAXIS. (Physiology), white only. fectiveness. Employment, Aging Regional profile. Vol. I, no. II. Education, Culture, Recreation, Time, Money, Descriptors: ('Urban planning, "Transportation), Commerce, Industries, Traffic. Numerical analy- Feb 69, 8p Rept. no. 801 1-6552-5M Urban areas. Advanced planning. Site selection, sis, Maryland, Virginia. Supported in part by the Bureau of Public Roads, Roads, Airports, Water pollution. Sewage, Water, Identifiers: 'Rapid transit railways, Washington and the Department of Housing and Urban Traffic, New York, New Jersey, Connecticut. Development, Washington. D. C.

29 Urban Transportation

Descriptors: (*Tr-dnsportation, Manpower stu- Four generic urban transportation systems were pose of passenger exchange; travel through a net- dies), (*Passenger vehicles. Urban areas), Re- examined to establish implementation activities work of links and nodes, with constant-speed ports, Classification, Background, Employment, and gross schedules and cost levels required to Diurnal variations. Motivation, Statistical data. bring them to the point of full public demonstra- for each link resulting in capacity limits and possi- New York, New Jersey, Connecticut. tion. These four systems were selected from ble interference between trips; and the possible Identifiers: Taxicabs. among those identified as promising as a result of coupling of vehicles, for more efficient use of previous work. This volume is the final report on channel capacity and reduced propulsion costs. A statistical report is made of the taxicab riding implementation requirements for the four selected public in the New York - New Jersey - Connec- systems. (Author) developed as criteria for a comparative analysis of operating policies and design parameters. Overall system utility is postulated as an approximate PB-183 054 function of a worst-case level of passenger service PB-182 806 Stanford Research Inst., Menio Park, Calif. and a patronage-weighted mean measure of ser- Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. TRANSPORTATION EFFECTS ON THE NA- vice level. Cost impacts are characterized in terms TRAFFIC, REVENUE AND OPERATING TIONAL ALLIANCE OF BUSINESSMEN PRO- of vehicle size and a measure reflecting fleet size COSTS: ADOPTED REGIONAL SYSTEM 1968; GRAM, and vehicle-hours of operation. An event-ordered REVISED FEBRUARY 1969. John L. Grain. Jan 69, 29p* simulation model representing the transportation Contract HUD-H-10-29 system is described in some detail. (Author) Feb69, 123p* Bus'inessmen, w''ashington, D. C. Descriptors: (*Transportation, 'Urban planning). PB-183 158 Traffic, Population, Costs, Budgets, Money, Pas- Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), Plotkin (H. M.) and Associates, San Bernardino, senger vehicles. Railroads, Impact, Models (Simu- ('Management planning. Employment), Problem Calif. lations), Economics, Predictions, Maryland, Dis- solving. Inequalities, Feasibility studies. Research A STUDY TO DETERMINE IMPROVEMENTS trict of Columbia, Virginia. program administration. Costs, Passenger vehi- TO THE SAN BERNARDINO MUNICIPAL Identifiers: *Area planning and development. cles. Economics. TRANSIT SYSTEM FOR INCREASING EM- Counties. Identifiers: Recommendations, 'Area planning PLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES TO RESIDENTS and development. Ghettos, Evaluation, Inter- OF DEPRESSED AREAS, The report on traffic, revenue and operating costs H.M. Plotkin. Oct 68, 103p includes methodology, assumptions and findings Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and for an analysis of ridership, gross revenues, The report is a brief review of research findings Urban Development, Washington, D. C. operating expenses, and net revenues. Also included is a description and discussion of coor- sufficient transportation on the program of the Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning), dinated bus and rail operation, an analysis of the NAB (National Alliance of Businessmen) to hire ('California, Transportation), Feasibility studies. financial impact upon the four private bus compa- the hard-core unemployed. (Author) Employment, Predictions, Costs, Statistical analy- nies, and an analysis of three alternative fare sis. Pattern recognition. Performance (Human). Identifiers: San Bernardino (California), Commu- PB-183 063 ters, Depressed areas. Central city. Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, Ohio. Colum-

PB-182 817 bus Labs. The objective of the study was to determine if im- Southern California Association of Governments, A NATIONAL URBAN TRANSPORTATION provements to the San Bernardino municipal Los Angeles. TEST AND EVALUATION CENTER, transit system would significantly increase em- STATUS OF REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION Summary rept., ployment opportunities for depressed area re- PLANNING AND COORDINATION IN E. S. Cheaney, and J. T. Herridge. Oct 68, 84p SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. Contract HUD-H-778

Nov 68,46p Descriptors: ('Transportation, Management PB-183 162 Revision of report dated May 68. Sponsored in planning), ('Technical information centers. Trans- Smith (Wilbur) and Associates, New Haven, part by the Department of Housing and Urban portation), Test facilities. Classification, Urban Development, Washington, D. C. Limited number planning. Decision making. Test methods. Op- SHUTTLE BUS SERVICE-HUNTERS POINT of copies containing color other than black and timization, Cost effectiveness. AVENUE TO MANHATTAN. QUEENS-LONG white are available until stock is exhausted. Identifiers: 'Area planning and development. ISLAND MANHATTAN. QUEENS-LONG Reproductions will be made in black and white Rapid transit systems. ISLAND MASS TRANSPORTATION DEMON- only. STRATION PROGRAM FEBRUARY 1965 TO The report presents the results of study of the JULY 1966. Descriptors; (*Urban planning, 'California), proposition that the federal government establish a ('Transportation, California), Management national urban transportation test and evaluation planning. Systems engineering, Roads, Airports, center. The objective of the study was to formu- Mar 68, 83p Passenger vehicles, Railroads. late recommendations for a federal course of ac- Sponsored in part by the Department of Housing Identifiers: Rapid transit railways. Southern tion with respect to such a center. To examine and Urban Development, Washington, D. C. California Association of Governments, 'Area changes in urban transportation systematically for planning and development. this study, the technology was segmented into Descriptors: ('Urban planning, Transportation), seven subtechnologies, each associated with a Population, Employment, Statistical analysis. Pas- The document is a review of current coordination specific vehicular mode. (Author) senger vehicles. Railroads, Costs, New York. efforts directed towards comprehensive planning Identifiers: 'Shuttle buses. Mass transportation. with emphasis on transportation planning, includ- Passenger transportation. ing preparation of an inventory of current trans- PB-183 156 portation planning and refinement of the role of Massachusetts Inst, of Tech., Cambridge. Dept. of The report contains a detailed description of the SCAG in the transportation planning process. Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering. shuttle bus operation and the surveys conducted. SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF A HIGH SPEED Findings of the demonstration project are based GROUND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM. on the analysis of passenger patronage trends, Thesis. commuter characteristics, and travel times. In ad- PB-183 039 Michael Allen Crane. Sep 68, 231p 68-20 dition, an evaluation is presented on the financial North American Rockwell Corp., Los Angeles. Contract C-1 36-66 aspects of the shuttle bus service. (Author) Calif. Los Angeles Div. Sponsored in part by the National Science Foun- IMPLEMENTATION REQUIREMENTS FOR dation, Washington, p. C. FOUR ADVANCED URBAN TRANSPORTA- PB-183 192 TION SYSTEMS. Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), Illinois Univ., Champaign. Bureau of Economic Final rept., Population, Urban areas, Rural areas. Passenger and Business Research. M. A. Sulkin, T. R. Parsons, and N. Lieberman. 18 vehicles. Advanced planning. Computer pro- MASS TRANSPORTATION DEMONSTRATION Oct 68,222p*NA-68-807 grams. Flow charting. Theses. PROJECTS. Contract HUD-H-779 Identifiers: Area planning and development. Rapid 1968, 166p Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas). Pas- Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and senger vehicles. Systems engineering, Scheduling, A ground transportation system is considered Urban Development. Washington, D. C. Budgets, Models (Simulations), Costs, Urban which includes as its proposed operating charac- planning. teristics: real-time dispatching of trips according Descriptors: ('Transportation. Operations Identifiers: Dual mode systems. Fast transit to passenger demand; travel from origin to research). Urban areas. Costs, Passenger vehicles. systems. Bus lines. Personal rapid transit systems. destination without intermediate stops for the pur- Illinois, Attitudes, Maintenance, Statistical data.

30 May 3, 1971

Identifiers: *Mass transportation, *Buses (Vehi- Descriptors: ('Transportation, Programmed in- See also Appendices, PB-183 391. Limited number cles). struction). Questionnaires, Feasibility studies, of copies containing color other than black and Universities, Management planning. Attitudes, white are available until stock is exhausted. Contents: Surveys of the regular systems; Home Classification, Employment, Job analysis, Educa- Reproductions will be made in black and white vices; Comparisons of characteristics of premium Identifiers: Transit industry personnel. Curricula. and regular system passengers; Zone fares using Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), automatic equipment; Project off-peak routes; The document is concerned with the feasibility of Feasibility studies. Roads, Advanced planning. Equipment used (renovated buses); Potential educational programs specifically tailored to the Safety, Population, Urban areas. Rural areas. peak-hours markets in Peoria and Decatur. needs and interests of the urban mass transit in- Traffic, Passenger vehicles, Statistical analysis. dustry. In order to assist educational institutions in Control systems. developing responsive programs, a questionnaire Identifiers: Rapid transit bus systems. Bus lines. PB-183 193 was submitted to members of the transit industry Traffic surveys. Traffic control. Peat, Marwick, Livingston and Co., New York. to ascertain the industry's view towards various THE QUEENS-LONG ISLAND TRAFFIC DE- educational programs. The results of the question- The report is concerned with the technical feasi- MAND MODEL. naire are presented in the light of communication bility of providing priority operation for buses on Project staff rept., Apr67. between the transit industry and academic institu- urban freeways by employing freeway surveil- tions. (Author) lance and control. Under this system, designated the the be pro- Apr 68, 153p* Bus-Freeway System, buses would Rept. on Queens-Long Island Mass Transportation vided priority access to the freeway via exclusive PB-183 321 bus automobiles be into the Demonstration Program. Sponsored in part by the ramps; would metered Queens-Long Island Mass Transportation Demon- so as to utilize the excess capacity but Department of Housing and Urban Development, system stration Program. Washington, D. C. short of that volume which would jeopardize the SHUTTLE BUS SERVICE, HUNTERS POINT desired level of transit service. (Author) Descriptors: (*Traffic, Mathematical prediction). AVENUE TO MANHATTAN. Final rept. Feb 65-Jul 66. Models (Simulations), Transportation, Manage- PB-183 391 ment planning, Data processing systems, Correla- Mar 68, 83p Texas Transportation Inst., College Station. tion techniques, Statistical processes. Regression Limited number of copies containing color other A SYSTEM TO FACILITATE BUS RAPID analysis. New York. than black and white are available until stock is ex- TRANSIT ON URBAN FREEWAYS: APPEN- Identifiers: Demonstration programs. Traffic hausted. Reproductions will be made in black and DICES. THE TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY OF models. Demand (Economics), Queens (Long white only. USING TRAFFIC SURVEILLANCE AND CON- Island). TROL TECHNIQUES, Descriptors: ('Transportation, *New York), Pas- John C. Glennon, and Vergil G. Stover. Dec 68. The purpose of the program was to make both senger vehicles. Feasibility studies. Background, 127p short- and long-range studies, coupled, if possible, Statistical data. Costs, Scheduling, Volume, Ef- Contract DOT-H-807 fectiveness. See also PB-183 390. Limited number of copies transportation in the Island sector of Queens-Long Identifiers: *Bus lines. Shuttle bus service. New containing color other than black and white are the New York metropolitan region. (Author) York (New York), Demonstration programs. available until stock is exhausted. Reproductions will be made in black and white only.

PB-183 217 The report highlights the project sponsored by the Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning), West Virginia Univ., Morgantown. Engineering Queens-Long Island mass transportation demon- ('Traffic, Control systems). Roads, Urban areas. Experiment Station. stration program to study the benefits which can Optimization, Signals, Monitors, Maps, Michigan, SIMPLIFIED TECHNIQUES FOR DEVELOPING be derived from supplemental public transporta- Texas, Minnesota, Terrain. TRANSPORTATION PLANS -TRIP GENERA- Identifiers: Ramps, Rapid transit bus systems. TION IN SMALL URBAN AREAS, Freeways, Detroit (Michigan), Houston (Texas), Wilbur R. Jefferies. and Everett C. Carter. Dec 66, Minneapolis (Minnesota). 119p Technical Bull-84 PB-183 330 Texas Transportation Inst. College Station. is a collection of maps and graphics , The document Descriptors: ('Transportation, *Urban planning). BUS RAPID TRANSIT ON URBAN FREEWAYS giving the proposed configuration of access and Management planning. Sociology, Economics, USING TRAFFIC SURVEILLANCE AND CON- exit ramps for freeways in three cities, with con- Feasibility studies. Mathematical models. Pas- TROL. trol details. senger vehicles. Population. Summary rept., Vergil G. Stover, and John C. Glennon. Jan 69, 17p The object of this research was to investigate sim- Contract H-807 PB-183 469 plified techniques for developing transportation Massachusetts Dept. of Public Works, Boston. plans in the smaller urban areas and to investigate, Descriptors: ('Urban areas, 'Transportation), RECOMMENDED HIGHWAY AND TRANSIT in detail, the socio-economic characteristics of trip Passenger vehicles, Traffic, Control systems. Cost PLAN. makers which affect home-based vehicle work trip effectiveness. Feasibility studies. generation. The investigation of simplified Identifiers: Freeways, 'Bus lines. Urban transpor- 1968, 132p freeway Limited of copies containing color other techniques for developing transportation plans in tation. Mass transportation, 'Bus number than black white are available until stock is ex- the smaller urban areas indicated that they were and hausted. Reproductions will be made in black and feasible using the gravity model but that determin- The objective of the research was to investigate white only. PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT ing trip generation was the key to accurately ap- the technical feasibility of employing freeway sur- ARE ILLEGIBLE: SEE INTRODUCTION SEC- plying the gravity model in smaller urban areas. veillance and control techniques to facilitate bus TION OF THIS ANNOUNCEMENT JOURNAL Home-based vehicle work trip production was in- rapid transit operations. In the evaluation of the FOR CFSTI ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS. vestigated in six small urban areas. It was found technical feasibility of the System, designated the that log-log relationship existed between au- a Bus-Freeway System, preliminary designs and Descriptors; ('Transportation, 'Massachusetts). tomobile ownership and trip generation and that cost estimates were prepared for four existing Management planning. Roads, Traffic, Predic- the trip generation equations developed in this freeways. The study sites selected for this purpose tions, Costs, Population, Employment. Wages, research satisfactorily explained the relationship. were: John Lodge Freeway, Detroit; Gulf Passenger vehicles. Further investigation indicated that it was feasible Freeway, Houston; Route 1-35W (South), Min- Identifiers: Recommendations, 'Area planning to develop a single equation which could be used neapolis; Penn-Lincoln Parkway (East), Pitt- and development. Eastern Massachusetts regional satisfactorily to determine home based vehicle sburgh. These locations represent a wide range in planning project. Automobile ownership. Rapid work trip production in any of the six urban areas. topography, freeway design, and traffic opera- The equation explained the variation between urban areas as a function of dwelling unit density, The comprehensive transportation recommenda- residential density, and percent of the orban area tions presented in the report are designed to ac- in residential land use. (Author) PB-183 390 commodate the transportation and development Station. of the eastern Massachusetts region in 1990. Texas Transportation Inst. . College needs A SYSTEM TO FACILITATE BUS RAPID (Author) PB-183 231 TRANSIT ON URBAN FREEWAYS. THE West Virginia Univ., Morgantown. Engineering TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY OF USING TRAF- Experiment Station. FIC SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PB-183 549 ASSESSMENT OF INTEREST IN EDUCA- TECHNIQUES, Department of Transportation. Washington, D. C. TIONAL PROGRAMS BY THE MASS TRANSIT John C. Glennon, and Vergil G. Stover. Dec 68, TRANSPORTATION NOISE ENVIRONMENTS INDUSTRY-RESULTS OF A QUESTIONNAIRE, 104p OF THE TRAVELER AND THE SPECTATOR. H. Close, 1969, Frederick J. Wegmann. Oct 68, 18p* Rept. no. 3 Contract DOT-H -807 Wilham 26p

429-500 0-LT - 71 - 3 Urban Transportation

Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Institute of Identifiers: Bus stop operation, Charleston (South to clarify subsurface conditions with tests on sam- Knvironmental Sciences (1 5th) 20-24 Apr 69. Carohna), Columbia (South Carolina), 'Area ples recovered. (Author) planning and development. Descriptors; ('Transportation, *Noise), Engine noise. Passenger vehicles. Vehicle wheels. Rever- Operation Bus Stop is a study designed to deter- PB-184 067 beration, Sound, Suspension devices. Airplane mine the feasibility of transporting unemployed Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. noise. Tables. and underemployed persons from rural areas to ADOPTED REGIONAL SYSTEM, 1968: Identifiers: Mass transit systems. Subways. jobs in urban areas. The study area included four PRELIMINARY DESIGN AND CAPITAL rural South Carolina Counties. The potential em- COSTS. ployees resided in a 5-mile corridor on either side PB-183 717 of Interstate Route 26. A commuter transportation Feb 69, 269p Tri-County Regional Planning Commission, system was recommended to transport rural re- Also available in 35MM for $0.65 as PB-186 067-1. sidents to jobs in Charleston and Columbia, South Prepared in cooperation with DeLeuw, Cather and MASS TRANSPORTATION IN THE TRI-COUN- Carohna. The socioeconomic structure of the four Co., Washington, D. C, Harry Weese and As- TY REGION: A DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND rural counties was considered with regards to sociates, Washington, D. C, and Meuser, Rut- IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. population characteristics, education, labor force, ledge, Wentworth and Johnson, New York. See and employment. The existing transportation also PB-184 066. PORTIONS OF THIS DOCU- Apr69, 114p facilities available to the residents of the study MENT ARE ILLEGIBLE. SEE INTRODUC- Limited number of copies containing color other area were examined. A survey of the unemployed TION SECTION OF THIS ANNOUNCEMENT than black and white are available until stock is ex- and underemployed labor force residing in the JOURNAL FOR CFSTI ORDERING INSTRUC- hausted. Reproductions will be made in black and vicinity of the Interstate 26 corridor was con- TIONS. Limited number of copies containing white only. PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT ducted for the purpose of determining the number color other than black and white are available until ARE ILLEGIBLE. SEE INTRODUCTION SEC- of persons who were available for employment, as stock is exhausted. Reproductions will be made in TION OF THIS ANNOUNCEMENT lOURNAL well as the levels of education and skill each had black and white only. FOR CFSTI ORDERING INSTRUCTIOS. Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban planning). Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban planning), ('Railroads. Costs). Site selection. Underground (•Urban planning, 'Michigan), Urban areas. Pas- PB-184 060 structures. Air conditioning equipment. Drainage, senger vehicles. Traffic, Roads, Population, In- Office of the Secretary of Transportation, Sanitary engineering. Electrical equipment, Con- dustries, Commerce, Economics, History, Washington, D. C. Office of Economics and trol systems. Communication systems. Railroad Money, Costs, Public relations. Systems Analysis. tracks. Railroad cars. Maintenance, Construction, Identifiers: 'Mass transportation, Lansing A PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE CLEVE- Design, District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia. (Michigan), Bus lines. LAND BEFORE AND AFTER STUDY. Identifiers: 'Subways, Escalators, Washington Interim technical report, metropolitan area. This report contains a policy plan, three operation George F. Wiggers. 22 May 69. 75p plans, and an improvement program for the local The objectives of the report are to provide prelimi- transit system in the Lansing Tri-County Region. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Ohio). Air trans- nary designs and capital cost estimates of the The evolution of the transit system from the days portation. Airports, Population, Decision making. added regional lines, to incorporate updated of the horse car to the present day air-conditioned Costs, Time, Passenger vehicles. capital costs for the authorized basic system, and Identifiers: Rapid transit railways. Rapid transit motor bus system is traced. Use of the system has to propose a design and construction schedule systems. Air been described in terms of ridership, tripmaking passengers with associated obligations and expenditures that patterns, and characteristics of transit users. Much would effect a fully operational adopted regional The study was initiated for the purpose of obtain- of the data was obtained in a transit origin-destina- system by January, 1980. The report covers all ing demand information of rapid transit service, major aspects involved in tion survey conducted in 1968 by personal inter- the study of the added with special emphasis on this demand by intercity regional lines except view onboard the buses. The policy plan stresses for the functions of planning air travelers. The approach of the study was to use and operations. (Author) the need for a regional transit design concept in- the recent extension of the Cleveland Transit tegrated with other transportation system com- System (CTS) rapid rail to Cleveland Hopkins Air- ponents, a transit system which will serve present port to gather empirical data on the mode choice of PB-184 147 needs and stimulate desirable future land use pat- selected population groups both before and after Pennsylvania Univ.. Philadelphia. terns, and the highest quality transit service possi- the opening of the rapid rail extension. A compara- MINICAR MASS TRANSIT SYSTEM: FEASI- ble within economic reality. Operation plans are tive analysis of the before and after data will then BILITY STUDY. BOOK I. SUMMARY. presented for the immediate, short-range (1975), be undertaken which will identify the relationships Final rept. on Phase 1. and long-range (1990) future. Thirteen short and between demand for the alternative access modes five long-range recommendations based on the as a function of trip cost, time and other variables. Dec 68. 50p' operation plans are discussed including one that a Included in the population groups are air passen- transit authority be established. The transit im- gers, air passenger related visitors, airport em- Descriptors: ('Passenger vehicles. Design), provement program covers a twelve year period (Transportation, Feasibility studies). Air pollu- and includes anticipated revenues, capital costs, tion. Optimization. Urban areas. Costs, Efficien- and operating costs. At the end of the twelve year cy, Urban planning. improvement program period, it is predicted that PB-184 066 Identifiers: 'Mass transportation. 'Minicars. the local bus system will be operating at a loss of Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. some $68,000 per year unless ridership increases ADOPTED REGIONAL SYSTEM, 1968: A good case can be made for developing a safe, substantially, student fares are supplemented by PRELIMINARY SUBSURFACE INVESTIGA- low pollution, full-width-but-half-length 'Minicar,' local government, and Federal grants are obtained. TION. optimized for fleet type urban-suburban driving. (Author) Under appropriate Governmental stimulation and Feb 69.145p control, a fleet of about 26,000 Minicars served by Also available in i5MM for $0.65, as PB-184 066-1. 100 to 300 terminals can be introduced into Central PB-183 912 Prepared in cooperation with Mueser, Rutledge, Philadelphia, in the decade from 1972 to 1982. on a Smith (Wilbur) and Associates, Columbia, S. C. Wenlworth and Johnston, New York. See also PB- sound and practical business basis. This Minicar OPERATION BUS STOP: FEASIBILITY STUDY 184 067. PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT system could: (1) Increase the traffic capacity and FOR CHARLESTON-CO!,UMBIA, SOUTH ARE ILLEGIBLE. SEE INTRODUCTION SEC- flow in heavily congested areas by 25% to 75%. (2) CAROLINA. TION OF THIS ANNOUNCEMENT JOURNAL Decrease localized rush hour air-pollution levels Fmalrept. FOR CFSTI ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS. by 40% - 60%. (3) Release a potential investment of $0.4 - $0.7 billion in parking faciUties for other

May 69, I 66p Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban planning), important urban uses. (4) Reduce the suburban Sponsored in part by Economic Development Ad- ('Railroads, Site selection), ('Structural geology. auto commuter's daily cost for transportation to - ministration, Washington, D. C. Limited number Railroads). Analysis. Terrain. Drilling. Water. his urban job by 40% 50% . (5) Enhance the subur- of copies containing color other than black and Geologic age determination. Silt. Sand. Clay, ban commuter's usage of subway, train and bus white are available until stock is exhausted. Gravel, District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia. transit systems by providing him with central city Reproductions will be made in black and white Identifiers: 'Engineering geology. Strata. transportation convenient to the downtown ter- only. Bedrock, Subways, Washington metropolitan minals of those systems. (6) Provide the economi- area. Drill core analysis. cally deprived non-car-owning urban driver with Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'South Carolina), the short door-to-door travel times of a taxi ride at ('Employment, 'Management planning), ('Rural The report covers the following information: a price only slightly above that for a bus or subway areas. Transportation), Feasibility studies. Preliminary subsurface data based chiefly on an trip. (7) Largely eliminate the need felt by urban Reviews. Population, Classification. Education, evaluation of regional geology; More refined data dwellers for privately owned automobiles. (8) Wages, Labor, Mobility, Passenger vehicles. based on evaluation of geology, existing borings Produce substantial returns for the investors and Statistical data, Costs, Time, Questionnaires. and additional borings; and Additional test borings operators of the Minicar system. (9) Attract more

32 May 3, 1971

le central city areas by virl PB-184 321 e quiet and less congested Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority.

e efficient transportation f THE ECONOMICS OF METRO.

PB-184 275 Jun 69, 12p Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. Prepared in cooperation with Development METRO ADOPTED REGIONAL RAPID RAIL Research Associates, Los Angeles. Calif., and TRANSIT PLAN AND PROGRAM. Voorhees (Alan M.) and Associates. Inc.. McLean, Va. Limited number of copies containing 7Feb 69,73p color other than black and white arc available until

Revision of report dated I Mar 68. Supersedes PB- stock is exhausted. Reproductions will be made in 179 657. Limited number of copies containing black and white only. color other than black and white are available until Descriptors: planning. 'District of Prepared in cooperation with Gladstone (Robert) stock is exhausted. Reproductions will be made in ('Urban and Associates, Washington. D.C. and Alan N. black and white only. PORTIONS OF THIS Columbia), ('Railroads, Urban planning). Voorhees and Associates, McLean, Va. DOCUMENT ARE ILLEGIBLE. SEE IN- Economics, Costs, Cost effectiveness. Com- TRODUCTION SECTION OF THIS AN- merce, Feasibility studies, Growth, Population, Descriptors: (*Urban planning, Maryland), NOUNCEMENT JOURNAL FOR CFSTI OR- Transportation, Motor vehicle operators. Pas- (•Commerce, Urban areas), (*Transporlation, Im- DERING INSTRUCTIONS. senger vehicles, Maryland. Virginia. pact), Growth, Predictions, Economics, Housing, Identifiers: 'Washington (District of Columbia). 'Rapid transit railways. Investments, Passengers. Terrain, Roads, Traffic, Problem solvmg. Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'District of Travel time. Savings, Availability. Identifiers: Rapid transit railways. Metropolitan Columbia). ('Transportation, Urban planning). Washington Council of Governments, *Area Railroads, Scheduling, Construction, Design, A summary of the benefit-cost analysis of Metro planning and development. Land use. Competi- Costs. Passenger vehicles. Money, Economics. for the National Capital Region written in non tion, Streets, Takoma Park (Maryland), Traffic, Maps, Maryland, Virginia. technical language. The study projects the area Identifiers: 'Washington (District of Columbia), The impact study extends for about one quarter will receive cummulative benefits three times 'Rapid transit railways. Routes, Commuters, greater than the combined federal-local invest- mile from the access point of the proposed rapid Fares. Revenue Parking facilities. , the following transit station on Cedar Street. The total area in- ment in Metro. Benefits to four ' groups of residents are discussed- (1) cludes portions of the District of Columbia and Contents: Metro introduction; Background; g Met i, (3) r unincorporated sections in Montgomery and Description of facilities; Schedules of service; Prince (jeorge's counties. Descriptions of routes; Type of equipment; Design of facilities; Timetable for provision of facilities; Provision of facilities; Capital cost estimate; Esti- PB-184 237 PB-184 426 mated ridership; Probable fares; Feeder bus ser- Washington Metropolitan Area Trabsut Authority. Chicago Area Transportation Study, III. vice; Estimated operating expenses; Estimated TRAFFIC, REVENLE AND OPERATING CHICAGO AREA TRANSPORTATION STUDY. revenue; Financial plan; Conclusion; Chronology; COSTS: ADOPTED REGIONAL SYSTEM. VOLUME I. SURVEY FINDINGS. Financial consultants; Transportation consultants; Final ept. Engineering consultant; Directors and alternates; 11 Jun69. 124p* Officers and staff; Consultants and contractors. Dec 59. 140p Corrected version of report revised Feb. 69. Sponsored in part by Bureau of Public Roads. Prepared in cooperation with Voorgecs (Alan M.) Washington, D. C. See also Volume 2, PB-184 427 and Associates, Inc., and Gilman (W.C.) and Co. and Volume 3, PB-184 428. PORTIONS OF THIS Inc., McLean, Va. Supersedes Repl. dated May DOCUMENT ARE ILLEGIBLE. SEE IN- 69,PB-I83 843. TRODUCTION SECTION OF THIS AN- CFSTI OR- Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning), NOUNCEMENT JOURNAL FOR DERING INSTRUCTIONS. Limited number of Predictions, Railroads, Passenger vehicles. Feasi- copies containing color other than black and white bility studies. Costs, Population, Employment, Dec 68. 117p are available until stock is exhausted. Reproduc- Wages, Growth, Networks. Traffic, District of tions will be made in black and white only. Columbia, Maryland, Virginia. than black and white are available until stock is ex- Identifiers: Revenue, Coordinated rapid transit hausted. Reproductions will be made in black and Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Illinois). ('Traf- systems. Rapid transit bus systems. Fares, Rapid white only. PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT fic, Inventory). Statistical distributions. Urban transit railways, 'Area development and planning. ARE ILLEGIBLE. SEE INTRODUCTION SEC- areas. Classification, Terrain. Roads. Railroads. OF THIS JOURNAL Vehicles. Management planning. Recording The objective of the study was to determine for TION ANNOUNCEMENT FOR CFSTI ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS. systems. Display systems. Models (Simulations). the Washington metropolitan area an equitable and Performance (Human). practical bus-rail coordination plan and fare struc- Descriptors: ('Urban planning. 'District of Identifiers: Streets. Chicago (Illinois), Car- ture and to develop a detailed forecast of rider- Columbia). ('Population, Predictions), ('Employ- tographatron displays. Origin destination surveys. ship, costs, and revenues for a regional system. ment. Predictions), Sociology, Economics, Transportation facilities, 'Area planning and The report presents the study results, particularly Growth, Railroads, Transportation, Traffic. as they pertain to the net revenue estimates. Mathematical models. Regression analysis. Equa- tions, Data, Maryland, Virginia, Urban planning. deals with survey Identifiers: 'Washington (District of Columbia), The volume the findings of the large scale travel, land use, transit government. and transportation in- PB-184 255 'Rapid railways, Local Com- ventories. The basic purposes of this and the fol- .Area Transit Authority. muters, Revenue, Parking facilities. Empiric Washington Metropolitan lowing volumes are to provide the base for a CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF AUTOMATIC Chicago transportation plan and develop a set of TRAIN CONTROL AND COMMUNICATIONS basic facts necessary for the continuing review of This report describes the redistribution of esti- SYSTEMS. the metropolitan travel picture. The method of mated future year population and employment in study is worked out and from this the needed fac- the metropolitan Washington, D C. area based on Jun 69, 166p tual data are identified. The travel inventory of the Prepared in cooperation with DeLeuw, Cather and study was the standard origin and destination sur- which was adopted on^March 1,%68, by the Co., Chicago, 111., Gibbs and Hill. Inc., New York, vey. For each trip the address of origin and Board of Directors of the Washington and Klauder (Louis T.) and Associates. Philadel- destination was obtained, together with mode, Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). purpose, travel time, and terminal land use data. This redistribution was carried out using the EM- indertaken to provide

KIC 1 alloc a for tr ling.

PB-184 427 Chicago Area Transportation Study. 111. CHICAGO AREA TR ANSPORT.ATION STUDY. VOLUME II. DATA PROJECTIONS.

Lil Planning Council for their Maintenance. Training, Documentation. Prolec .lopmenl Guide, 1966-2000.' which \ tion. Decoding. Detection. Speed regulators Jul 60. 144p Identification, Performance (Engineering), Dis- h differs significantly from the Metr Sponsored in part J of Public Roads. trict of Columbia. Maryland. Virginia. Washington. D. C. S

33 1

Urban Transportation

and Volume 3. PB-184 428. PORTIONS OF THIS tation plays in achieving those goals are discussed. DOCUMENT ARE ILLEGIBLE. SEE IN- Seven goals are identified that may be directly and TRODUCTION SECTION OF THIS AN- measurably related to system plans. The problems NOUNCEMENT JOURNAL FOR CFSTI OR- in estimating the costs are pointed out. Some of The planning study involves an analysis of York's DERING INSTRUCTIONS. Limited number of existing street facilities and their condition. A copies containing color other than black and white others are continuing. Cost factors are analyzed discussion is presented concerning factors that are available until stock is exhausted. Reproduc- for the seven factors in terms of what should be have influenced the development of York's street tions will be made in black and white only. system such as topographic and geographic features and the present property development. Con- Descriptors; (*Transportation, 'Illinois), (*Urban areas. Predictions), Population, Terrain, as rights-of-way, pavement widths, parking, traf- Economics, Recording systems. Display systems. fic volumes, and travel time. From an analysis of Theory, Urban areas. Performance (Human), Philadelphia, Pa. past trends in automobile ownership, population Growth, Transformations, Traffic. 198S TEST PLANS HIGHW AND PUBLIC and traffic, prognostications of future traffic Identifiers: Chicago (Illinois), Land use, Car- TRANSPORTATION. volumes and automobile ownership have been tographatron displays. made in order to ascertain what the future requirements of York's major thoroughfare plan will be. The volume is concerned with estimating the amount, kind and location of travel likely to take Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning). place in the Chicago area in the year 1980. This ('Roads, Urban planning), Railroads, Costs. Bridges, Pennsylvania, Jersey, forecasting attempt is undertaken on the assump- Maps, New PB-184 586 Delaware. tion that there will be a fifty percent population in- Tri-State Transportation Commission, New York. Identifiers: Mass transportation, 'Freeways. crease in Chicago before 1980. Forecasts of popu- CENSUS DATA AS A SOURCE FOR URBAN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING, Procedures involved in formulating the freeway presented. From these forecasts are derived trip Ronald J. Fisher, and Arthur B. Sosslau. Jan 66, and mass transportation test plans for 1985 are 70p described. Tables and maps identifying basic links Presented at Annual Meeting of the Highway in the test plans are included. In formulating test Research Board (45th), Washington, D.C. Jan 66. plans, it was felt that active participation by local Sponsored in part by Bureau of Public Roads, agencies, outlining their own needs and desires, PB-184 428 Washington, D.C, and Department of Housing could provide a more realistic set of plans for this Chicago Area Transportation Study, 111. and Urban Development, Washington, D.C. region than had ever been designed before. The CHICAGO AREA TRANSFORATION STUDY. Limited number of copies containing color other test plans are mixes of different railroad, highway VOLUME in. TRANSPORTATION PLAN. than black and while are available until stock is ex- and mass transit networks. They vary in size and Final rept. hausted. Reproductions will be made in black and capital cost. Alternative networks are additive. white only. That is, they are built a net- Apr 62, I44p up from minimum work. In all test networks only general corridor lo- Sponsored in part by Bureau of Public Roads, cations of highway and transit facilities are in- Washington, D. C. See also Volume 1, PB-184 426 dicated. Estimated costs in millions of dollars for and Volume 2, PB-184 427. PORTIONS OF THIS the test networks are given. (Author) DOCUMENT ARE ILLEGIBLE. SEE IN-

TRODUCTION SECTION OF THIS AN- Identifie : Ceri NOUNCEMENT JOURNAL FOR CFSTI OR- PB-1 I 484 DERING INSTRUCTIONS. Limited number of The application of census c Metropolitan Planning Commission. Nashville, copies containing color other than black and white planning is discussed. The census data was taken are available until stock is exhausted. Reproduc- from the nationwide 1960 census, the first to in- EXPERIMENTAL BUS LINES IN tions will be made in black and white only. METROPOLITAN NASHVILLE. clude journey-to-work and automobile ownership data. The Tri-State Transportation Committee Final rept Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Illinois), used this data for such projects as selecting their (Management planning. Analysis), Problem solv- Cordon Line, studying trends in population and 1966, 87P Decision making. Costs, housing units, travel ing. Roads, Networks, Report on Mass Transportation Demonstration examining characteristics Advanced planning. Urban areas. Transforma- such as mode choice and trip length, and examin- Projects MTD-2 and 3. Sponsored in part by Dept. tions, Predictions, Budgets, Scheduling, Traffic. ing residential mobility characteristics. of Housing and Urban Development, Washington, The Identifiers: Chicago (Illinois), Objectives, 'Area majority of the report is taken up with descriptions D. C. Limited number of copies containing color planning and development. of how the census data was applied to the seven other than black and white are available until stock projects in the Tri-State studies. Also, included in is exhausted. Reproductions will be made in black The volume delineates the objectives, road and white only. the report are titles and brief annotations of system, regional highway network, public trans- descriptive reports prepared from the census portation and financing of the Chicago-wide trans- Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Tennessee), ('Ur- material. Other sections suggest and show how to portation plan. The volume focuses on the ban areas. Transportation), Passenger vehicles. use future material for estimating trips in a region, preparation, testing and evaluation of the plan, in- Public relations. Attitudes, Population, Transfor- analyze the limitations on the use of data for trans- cluding the establishment of objectives and an at- mations, Feasibility studies. Costs, Statistical portation. Sixteen suggestions are discussed for tempt to resolve those in conflict. The primary ob- data. Analysis, Experimental design. improving the 1970 census (covering classification jective was to develop the least expensive transit Identifiers: Demonstration projects, Nashville mployment, modes of travel, geographical system possible. An attempt was made to combine (Tennessee). Bus lines, 'Area planning and :akdov Agios if Cer operating and construction costs with traffic development. Interviews, Comparison. appendix. (DoHUDal loads, and to find the most efficient street designs. Five different expressway plans were developed The demonstration project had two basic objec- and tested by computer. tives: To relate certain unique experimental bus lines operated within the Nashville urban area to BALTIMORE REGION RAPID TRANSIT teristics of the area served, and to study the at- SYSTEM PLANNING AND URBAN DESIGN titudes of those within the service area toward the STUDIES. PHASE I: RAPID TRANSIT FACILI- experimental bus service. TIES. A STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES FOR TRA PORTATION PLANNING, Technical rept., Robert Breuer. Nov 62, 14p TR-450: York City Plannmg Commission. Ala. MAJOR THOROUGHFARE PLAN OF YORK, ALABAMA. Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Maryland), (•Transportation, Urban planning). Railroads. Traffic, Urban areas. Site selection. Passenger Prepared in cooperation with Bateman (Robert S. vehicles. Roads, Costs, Design, Data. Collecting

and Associates, Inc., Mobile, Ala. Sponsored ii methods. part by Alabama State Planning and Induslria Identifiers: 'Baltimore (Maryland). 'Regional Dollar cost is presented as the most practical com- Development Board. planning and development. Urban planning and mon standard for comparing alternative transpor- development. Mass transportation. Rapid t tation system plans. Since transportation facilities (Vehic

are and must be related to the community they . Patronage. Right of serve, the community goals and the role transpor-

34 May 3, 1971

The purpose of this work was to achieve, through conference was given to the implementation Prepared In cooperation with Leo A. Daly Co., St. detailed planning and refined urban design analy- problem in planning urban transportation. Louis, Mo. l imited number of copies containing sis, the most effective possible relationship color other than black and white are available until between the proposed rapid transit facilities and stock is exhausted. Reproductions will be made in PB-184 764

intent of the study to focus upon the Phase I facili- Metropolitan Dade County Planning Dept., Miami, ties proposed in the July, 1968 Mass Transit re- Fla. Descriptors: ("Transportation, "Illinois), Traffic, port, although, in a few instances, consideration PROPOSED TRANSPORTATION MASTER Roads, Railroads, Urban areas. Rural areas. Clas- was given to special problems related to later- PLAN FOR DADE COUNTY - TWO MILLION sification, Inventory, Statistical data. Predictions. POPULATION ESTIMATE). Identifiers: Madison County (Illinois), Saint Clair phase corridors. Each of the Phase I right-of-way (1985 rept. Streets. segments and station-site areas proposed in the Summary County (Illinois), July, 1968 report has been reviewed and, where Feb69,48p the results of a trans- necessary, modifications have been made to The document summarizes Sponsored in part by Dept. of Housing and Urban portation-circulation survey and analysis study achieve better functional and aesthetic relation- Development, Washington , D.C. that was conducted in Madison and St. Clair Coun- ships. Both the designs necessary to achieve a ties as a basic input to subsequent transportation good urban 'fit' and illustration of the type of col- Descriptors: ("Urban planning. Transportation), and land use plan preparation studies and as a sup- lateral development which might be induced by (Transportation, "Florida), Air transportation. plemental study to the metropolitan land use and rapid transit have formed a part of the work. Passenger vehicles, Railroads, Airports, transportation program. Emphasis is given to the Heavy emphasis was placed upon the protection Economics, Water traffic. Shipping (Marine). functional relationship of major municipal streets of scarce land resources, further-reduction of Identifiers: Dade County (Florida), Rapid transit and county roads to the state and Federal highway housing acquisition and relocation impacts, the network. An analysis of the general characteristics maintenance of open-options future growth and of the transportation and circulation system and a the protection of impact-sensitive environments The five elements of the Transportation Master general determination of future needs is made. along the proposed rights-of-way, while, at the Plan provide a comprehensive plan for a well (Author) same time, maintaining efficient design charac- balanced integrated system for moving people and teristics of the system. (Author) goods in 1985. Recommendations are based upon serving the needs of 2 million residents in addition PB-184 973 to visitors to the Miami urban area. Plans have Operations Research, Inc., Silver Spring, Md. PB-184 729 been approved by the Policy and Technical Ad- COMPARISON OF NOISE AND VIBRATION Metropolitan Dade County Planning Dept., Miami, visory Committees of MUATS representing the LEVELS IN RAPID TRANSIT VEHICLE Fla. cooperative efforts of the county. State and SYSTEMS. TERMINAL FACILITIES MASTER PLAN. Federal governments. Authorization will be Technical rept., requested for presenting a fold-out color summary Edward W. Davis, and M. J. Zubkoff. Apr 64, 187p Dec 68, 8p to be distributed to the community for review. ORl-TR-216 Report on Terminals Transportation. Sponsored in Public hearings will be held followed by Planning Contract NTA-36 part by Dept. of Housing and Urban Development, Advisory Board review. Then, formal adoption Washington, D.C. will be requested by the Board of County Commis- Descriptors: ("Railroads, Noise), ("Railroad cars. sioners. The Transportation Master Plan is a Vibration), Human engineering. Passenger vehi- Descriptors: (*Transportation, *Florida), Urban detailed component of the General Land Use cles. Railroad tracks. Transportation, Measure- planning. Site selection. Terrain, Passenger vehi- Master Plan. (Author) ment, Data processing systems. Design, Stan- vehicles. Railroads, Design, Statistical cles. Cargo dards, Performance (Engineering), Test methods. data. Predictions, Advanced planning. Environ- Audiofrequency, Roughness, Reduction, United ment, Effectiveness, Safety, Standards. PB-184 824 Stales, Western Europe, Canada. (Florida), 'Transportation ter- Identifiers: Miami East-West Gateway Coordinating Council, East Identifiers: "Rapid transit railways, "Rapid transit minals. Objectives, Parking facilities, Dade Coun- St. Louis, III. vehicles. Subways, Buses (Vehicles), Guided ty (Florida), Bus lines. A PROTOTYPE INFORMATION SYSTEM: THE roads. Noise pollution. Terminal facilities. Vehicle STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL OF SPACIALLY wheeels, Sound pressure. document covers one of five master plan ele- The RELATED DATA IN ST. LOUIS COUNTY, MIS- of the urban area transportation ments Miami SOURI. This report presents the results of a study of rapid study (MUATS). The master plan examines goals transit vehicle noise and ridability, undertaken to for rail, parking facili- truck, bus and automobile Mar 69, 36p fulfill a need for basic data on these characteristics objectives ties development to 1985. Four specific P:epared in cooperation with St. Louis County of existing rapid transit systems. The objective of were prepared for the study based upon the Dept. of Planning. this study was to obtain noise and ridability data general goals of the general land use master plan. which might be helpful in setting vehicle design The recommendations devised to attain these ob- Descriptors: ("Transportation, "Missouri), ("Ur- jectives are broken down into sections related to ban planning. Transportation), ("Information the relative quietness and ride smoothness of '"^"'^ P g retrieval. Transportation), Roads, Passenger vehi- rubber-tired and steel-wheeled rapid transit vehi- . facmtles'^?A™thoV) cles. Population, Records. cles to assist in the comparison of these systems. Identifiers: Information systems. Saint Louis Complete correlation of the vibration data col- County (Missouri), Area planning and develop- lected (and of the noise data) with the design, con- PB-184 742 struction, and maintenance factors influencing American Association of State Highway Officials, them was beyond the scope of this study. How- Washington, D C. The goals of the work project include: (1) the ever, an attempt is made to correlate some ob- PAPERS PRESENTED ON URBAN TRANSPOR- development of information as a base for analysis served system conditions with measurement TATION PLANNING AT THE AASHO ANNUAL of present urban conditions in the Metropolitan St. results. Enough information is presented herein to MEETING OCTOBER 6, 1965, NEW YORK, Louis area; (2) the proposal of a coordinated permit identification of these systems judged con- N.Y. THE CONTINUING URBAN TRANSPOR- development of a complete road network for the sistently best in all respects, so that the field has TATION PLANNING PROCESS. metropolitan area based on coordinated long-range been narrowed to a small number for further in- planing goals; (3) feasible recommendations for vestigation. (Author) May68,66p the creation of a rapid transit system. Both the scope and the multiplicity of the junctions of the Descriptors: (*Urban planning, Transportation), EWGCC are extensive. Inclusive in its interests, PB-184 974 (Transportation, Symposia), Roads. Design, for example, are data on roads by type and condi- Department of Transportation, Washington. D.C. Construction, Budgets, Population, Bridges. Net- tion; autos, by total numbers and place of re- TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION: A RE- works, Railroads, Maps, Feasibility studies. sidence; population by all standard census classifi- PORT TO THE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIA- Identifiers: Highways. cations by social attitiides and expressable group TIONS, U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, FROM THE SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTA- Proceedings of the 1965 American Association of ing agency for all planning grants, open-space TION, State Highway Officials conference on the 'Con- (park and recreation) grants, pollution abatement JohnA. Volpe. May 69,255p* tinuing Urban Transportation Planning Process' grants, and others that may come about. (Author) contains the following papers: Implementation of Descriptors: ("Management planning. Transporta- Urban Transportation Planning Programs; The Fu- tion), ("Transportation, Data), United States ture Role of the States in Organization and Financ- PB-184 853 government. Industries, Decision making. Errors. ing of the Continuing Urban Transportation Southwestern Illinois Metropolitan Area Planning Roads, Railroads, Air transportation. Shipping Planning Process; The Continuing Urban Trans- Commission, Collinsville. (Marine), Population, Traffic, Safety, Urban portation Planning Process in the Chicago Area; A TRANSPORTATION - CIRCULATION SURVEY planning. Scheduling, Collecting methods. Costs. Quarter of a Century of Continuing Urban Trans- AND ANALYSIS, MADISON AND ST. CLAIR Cost effectiveness. Statistical data. Data portation Planning; The Urban Planning COUNTIES, ILLINOIS, Assistance (701) Program; Major emphasis in the Leo A. Daly. Apr 69. 57p

35 ,

Urban Transportation

Identifiers: *Management information systems, Descriptors: (*Urban areas. Traffic), (*Traffic, The paper describes the evolution of highway- Interurban transportation, International transpor- Data processing systems). Control systems. Dis- transit planning that culminated in the adoption of tation, Terminal facilities. Pipeline transportation. trict of Columbia, Digital computers. Sensors, the Suggested General Development Plan for the Models (Simulations), Subroutines. Baltimore Region. The various transportation This report presents an initial five-year program Identifiers: Vehicle sensors. planning studies that preceded the plan adoption for meeting the critical transportation information are related to each other in order to present an needs of industry and government at national, The primary purpose of thi was to develop overall view of the transportation elements in the state and local levels. The program provides for in- a second-generation surveil ancem :thodology (for Suggested General Development Plan. Three formation on the flows of persons and goods, in- use in the 1970's) for autom atically collecting traf- major studies are summarized and reviewed: the formation on the activities (population and indus- fic data in an urban netwo rk, tran 1964 study by Wilbur Smith and Associates for the

try) that generate the flows, and information on central digital computer. and pr cessing it for Maryland State Roads Commission recommending the channels (transportation facilities and ter- system evaluation purpos es. Th methodology a system of highways for the Baltimore

minals) that carry the flows. This information developed is generally applicable; however, it was Metropolitan Area; the Parsons, Brinckerhoff would cover all modes of transportation - developed with the requirements of the Urban Quade and Douglas study for the Metropolitan highway, rail, air, water and pipeline; and all geo- Traffic Control System (UTCS) Laboratory in Transit Authority of Maryland in 1965 concerning graphic levels - urban, interurban (including re- Washington, D.C., in mind. (Author) the development of a public mass transportation gional-corridor), and international. Accident ex- system; and the preparation of the Suggested

perience information is provided for under infor- General Development Plan by the Regional mation on channels (transportation facilities and PB-185 473 Planning Council. The following points are terminals), but transportation safety information is Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, N.Y. emphasized in the discussion: (1) the network con- not treated comprehensively. The program URBAN TRANSPORTATION PROJECT I. figurations that were tested (2) how the two presented in this report provides for use of exist- SPRING 1969. COLLECTED PAPERS. modes, transit and highways, were related to each ing transportation information programs to the other as components of the overall transportation greatest practicable extent. The program also pro- Jun 69, 275p system (3) how the transportation planning vides a framework for consolidation and realloca- Sponsored in part by the Ford Foundation. process was related to the comprehensive planning tion of transportation information functions both process (4) how the proposed transportation net- within and outside the Department. (Author) Descriptors: (*Urban planning. Transportation), works were evaluated. (Author) (Transportation, Education), Reports, Social sciences. Economics, Design, Feasibility studies. PB-184 995 Traffic. PB-185 657 Mathematica, Princeton, N.J. Smith (Wilbur) and Associates, New Haven. STUDIES IN TRAVEL DEMAND. VOLUME V, Urban Transportation Project is a two-semester Conn. CHESAPEAKE MASS TRANSPORTATION Michel R. Pinton. Mar 69, 288p* course sequence, initiated in the Spring of 1969, Contract DOT-3-0009 DEMONSTRATION PROJECT VA-MTD-1. Final rept. See also Volume 4, PB-185 003. constraints, and the technological problems of urban transportation. Its objectives are: (a) to Jan 69,80p Descriptors: (*Transportation, Mathematical acquaint the student with as many as possible of Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and models). Urban areas. Traffic, Passenger vehicles. the social, economic, and technological factors Urban Development, Washington, D.C. Mathematical prediction. Statistical data. Wages, that must be considered in the planning and design Population, Air transportation, Railroads. of urban transportation systems; (b) to establish, Descriptors: (*Urban planning, 'Virginia). Identifiers: Travel demand. within a multi-disciplinary team, a dialogue (Transportation, Urban areas), ('Passenger vehicles, Transportation), Employment, Efficiency, Contents: Estimation and testing in long-range de- or wanted in urban transportation and those who Scheduling, Costs, Roads. Commerce, Industries, mand models (An abstract model approach to the can determine what is feasible, and (c) to develop Population, Money. demand for travel, Relative shares model. Estima- in the student, through this kind of dialogue, an Identifiers: 'Chesapeake (Virginia), 'Urban tion of the behavioral model, Tests and com- awareness of aspects of the problem that are out- planning and development, 'Bus transportation. parisons on demand models); Time-series analysis side his own area of competence and an apprecia- Mass transportation. Commuting, Patronage, empirical of tion of their importance. (Author) (An study the fluctuations in pas- Routes, Publicity, Fares, Surveys. senger traffic, The time patterns of train passenger traffic in the Northeast Corridor, A regression The Chesapeake Mass Transportation Demonstra- alalysis of hourly traffic patterns in the Northeast PB-185 525 American Society of Civil Engineers. New York. Corridor). mass transportation to a growing city, has definite TRANSPORTATION PLANNING. URBAN relationships to both local and metropolitan SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON URBAN planning objectives. The Great Bridge Express PB-185 218 TRANSPORTATION, Line and feeder routes were operated to test and Harold Deutschman. Jun 68, 107p* Rept. no. 4 New Castle Area Transit Authority , Pa. study the design and improvement of a transit Contract H-804 MASS TRANSPORTATION IN A SMALL CITY. system serving a suburban community. The pro- Prepared in cooperation with The Journal of Final rept. ject was one of several pilot studies initiated Transportation Corp., York, N.Y. Urban New throughout the United States to demonstrate vari- 1968, 40P ous concepts and approaches to public transporta- Descriptors: (*Transportation, *Urban planning). tion in such areas. The specific facet tested by this Traffic, Economics, Descriptors: (*Transportation, Urban areas). Reviews, Background, program was to determine whether residents of a Feasibility studies. Urban planning. Background, Models (Simulations), Sources. Classification. suburban community would use public transporta- Predictions, Inventory, Analysis. Public opinion. Budgets, Costs, Scheduling, Pas- tion for work trips to a central city if frequent, low generation. split. senger vehicles. Quality control, Pennsylvania. Identifiers: Trip Modal cost, express bus service was made available. Identifiers: *Mass transportation, *Small cities. Economic forecasting. Evaluation. New Castle (Pennsylvania), Transit fares. Inter- views, Travel habits. A review is made of the procedures followed in the comprehensive urban transportation planning PB-185 702 The project was designed to demonstrate the feasi- process, including a history of its development, Department of Transportation. Washington, D.C. bility of smaller, more maneuverable transit units trip generation, trip distribution methods, traffic HIGH SPEED GROUND TRANSPORTATION in a small city, oriented by proper scheduling to assignment techniques, modal split determination, ACT OF 1965. passenger demands, with fares based upon the in- economic forecasting and plan implementation Rept. no. 3. tensity of these same demands, in effectively problems. (Author) providing efficient mass transit service for the Jul 69. 132p' urban area transit authority. (Author) See also Rept. no. 2, PB-176 115. PB-18S 616 Regional Planning Council, Baltimore. Md. Descriptors: ('Transportation. 'Management PB-18S 422 SUMMARY AND REVIEW OF RECENT planning). Railroads, Simulation, Statistical analy- TRW Systems, Houston, Tex. Houston Opera- TRANSPORTATION PLANNING STUDIES IN sis. Urban areas. Ground effect machines. Rail- THE BALTIMORE REGION, road tracks. SYSTEM ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY IN William Ockert. Jun 68. 40p Identifiers: High speed ground transportation. URBAN TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS. Northeast Corridor Transportation project. Descriptors: (*Urban planning. *Maryland).

D. L. Cooper, R. M. Knox, and R. J. Walinchus. 30 (Transportation. Maryland), (*Roads. Maryland). The Northeast Corridor simulation model was as- vehicles. Reviews. sembled and exercised: a comprehensive invento- Jun 69, 255p* 1 1 644-HOl 4-ROOO Railroads, Passenger Contract FH-1 1-6883 Identifiers: 'Baltimore (Maryland), Mass Irans- ry of technology options was prepared; two rail See also Addendum, PB-184 952. passenger service demonstrations are beginning

36 May 3, 1971

and the first system for broad, regional transporta- PENDIX A. BENNING ROUTE AND A PORTION types of vehicular equipment, roadways, signaling tion analysis was established. A national capability OF THE PENTAGON ROUTE. and conlrol, power systems, structures and other in R and D and transportation analysis was Final rept. pertinent components that are available or will be established in universities and in private industry fully developed for commercial application 'within across the country. The impact of the HSGT pro- Jul 69, I78p' a period of two years' from the date of the submit- Contracts gram is depicted. (Author) TAC-20-68-E, TAC-64-69-E tal of the final report for this study. This report in- Prepared in cooperation with DeI.euw, Gather cludes the results of the equipment and facilities Co., Washington, D.C. See also Volume 3, PB-179 survey, the estimate of present and future market PB-185 742 655 and Volume 4, PB-185 757. potential, a study of the factors affecting the Massachusetts Dept. of Commerce and Develop- Boston terminus of any mass transit system, and a Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'District of Colum- development of the system criteria to meet the ob- PARKING: A REGIONAL VIEW. bia), ('Terrain, 'Structural geology), Drilling, jectives of the transportation system. (Author) Rock (Geology), Underground structures, Foun- dations (Structures), Hydrology, Substrates. Mar 69, 148p Pub-3016 PB-185 871 Report on Eastern Massachusetts Regional Identifiers: 'Rapid transit systems, 'Geological cross sections. Subsurface investigations. Coring, Boston Regional Planning Project, Mass. Planning Project. Prepared in cooperation with the Tunnels. COMPREHENSIVE TRAFFIC AND TRANSPOR- Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, TATION INVENTORY. Metropolitan Area Planning Council, and the Mas- The report contains the data sheets covering all sachusetts Department of Public Works, Boston. laboratory testing performed for the specified Sep 65, 311p Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and trackage. Prepared in cooperation with Smith (Wilbur) and Urban Development and the Bureau of Public Associates, New Haven, Conn. Sponsored in part Roads, Washington, D C. by Urban Renewal Administration of the Housing PB-185 760 and Home Finance Agency, and Bureau of Public Descriptors: (*Urban planning, *Massachusetts), Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. Roads, Washington, D.C. PORTIONS OF THIS ('Traffic, Urban planning). Transportation, Ad- NET INCOME ANALYSIS INFORMATION ON DOCUMENT ARE NOT FULLY LEGIBLE. vanced planning. Predictions, Roads, Passenger EXISTING TRANSIT SYSTEMS. SEE INTRODUCTION TO THIS JOURNAL. vehicles. Urban areas. Railroads. Supplemental rept. no. 1. Limited number of copies containing color other Identifiers: *Eastern Massachusetts Region, than black and white are available until stock is ex- Parking facilities, 'Regional planning and Feb69,86p' hausted. Reproductions will be made in black and development. Automobile trip analysis. Rapid Sponsored in part by W. C. Gilman and Co., Inc., white only. transit railways. Garages, Land use. Railroad ter- New York, and Alan M. Voorhees and Associates, minals. McLean, Va. Supercedes Rept. no. PB-184 237 Descriptors: ('Transportation. 'Massachusetts), dated Jan 69. ('Traffic, Massachusetts), Urban planning. Inven- This report provides an overview of the estimated tory, Population, Scheduling, Railroads, Airports, present and future parking demands of the Eastern Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning), Passenger vehicles. Cargo vehicles. Massachusetts Region. Analysis indicates that in Railroads, Passenger vehicles. Feasibility studies, Identifiers: Boston (Massachusetts). some areas of the region parking might well Costs, Roads, Traffic, Population, Money, Il- Contents: Regional travel facilities; Trip making in become a critical factor in the proper functioning linois, Ohio, New York, Pennsylvania, Canada, the Boston region; Existing travel patterns; of the future transportation system. The impact of California, District of Columbia. Massachusetts. Characteristics of transit usage. future parking requirements in the region will be Identifiers: 'Mass transportation. Rapid transit significant for both the urban and suburban areas. railways. Rapid transit bus systems. Fares, facilities, it is recommended that auto parking Demography, Parking Boston (Mas- Therefore, be PB-185 962 in all develop- sachusetts), Chicago (Illinois), Cleveland (Ohio), a prime consideration future land Lawrence City Planning Dept., Mass. New York (New York), Philadelphia (Pennsyl- ment and redevelopment programs. (Author) A MASS TRANSPORTATION TECHNICAL vania), Montreal (Quebec), Toronto (Ontario), San STUDY. Francisco (California), Washington (District of PB-185 757 Columbia). and Johnston, Mueser, Rutledge, Wentworth New Jun 69. 22p York. The scope of the report covers the following: In- formation on each of the eight metropolitan areas WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA RAPID Descriptors; ('Transportation, 'Massachusetts). TRANSIT AUTHORIZED BASIC SYSTEM: SUB- ('Urban planning. Transportation), Employment, systems, covering both rapid transit and surface SURFACE INVESTIGATION. VOLUME IV. Education, Retraining, Public health. Passenger systems individually by metropolitan areas; Com- BENNING ROUTE AND A PORTION OF THE vehicles. Questionnaires, Attitudes. parisons and evaluations of the pradctices, opera- PENTAGON ROUTE. Identifiers: 'Mass transportation. Buses (Vehi- tions, and problems of both rapid transit and sur- Final rept. Jan 68-Jun 69. cles), 'Lawrence (Massachusetts!. face systems in these eight cities, so as to identify both common practices and unique strategies; Jul69,248p* The purpose of the study was: (I) To analyze the Conclusions drawn from analysis of the previous Contracts TAC-20-68-E , TAC-64-69-E relationship between mass transit and employment Prepared in cooperation with DeLeuw, Cather opportunities for the underemployed and disad- Co., Washington, D.C. See also Volume 3, PB-179 vantaged. (2) To determine if the provision of edu- 655 and Volume Appendix A, PB-185 758. cational and job retraining courses are hampered 4, PB-185 772 system. (3) To a scerlain if

ion^of socia 1 and health sei Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'District of Colum- COMPARISON OK VEHICULAR TRANSIT 'Structural geology), Drilling, :e. (4) To bia), ('Terrain, IN AREA. SYSTEMS THE GREATER BOSTON determine s Rock (Geology), Underground structures. Foun- could be made to ir ;''e'to'beUe7rerv£: the area. dations (Structures), Hydrology, Substrates, 1969, 83p (5) To adv; ire detailed stud> Design, Stratigraphy. cooperation with Gibbs and Hill, Inc., Prepared in iss transit future. (Author) Identifiers: 'Rapid transit systems, 'Geological New York. cross sections. Subsurface investigations. Coring, Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning). PB-185 970 Passenger vehicles. Railroad cars. Railroad tracks. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. contract size The report contains text, tables, and Traffic, Control systems. Roads, Structures, Elec- METRO SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION SAFETY drawings summarizing subsurface investigations. equipment. Standards, trical engineering. Power MANUAL. PART I. GENERAL CONSTRUC- A total of 160 test borings were made, two water Costs, Human engineering. Economics, Sub- TION WORK. wells were installed for performance of full-scale pumping tests in the field. Based on the field and Identifiers: 'Urban planning and development, Apr 69, 207p laboratory data, analytical studies were performed 'Mass transportation. Rapid transit railways. Bus See also Parts 2 and 3, PB-185 971, leading to recommendations for design of founda- lines. Monorail railways. Traffic engineering. tions and underground structure. (Author) Travel time, Boston (Massachusetts). Descriptors: ('Underground structures. Construc- tion). ('Passenger vehicles. Underground struc- The purpose of this report is to present the results tures), ('Construction, Safety), Construction PB-185 758 of a study conducted to determine the require- materials. Earth-handling equipment. Fire safety. Mueser, Rutledge, Wentworth and Johnston, New Demolition, Drilling. Explosive materials. York. the provision of mass transportation facilities of Handling, Electromagnetic fields. Visual signals. WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA RAPID the externally-guided vehicular type in the Boston Material control, Wcldinc. Small tools. Electrical TRANSIT AUTHORIZED BASIC SYSTEM: SUB- area. The scope of the study included a survey of equipment, Sufelv devices. Operators (Personnel). SURFACE INVESTIGATION. VOLUME IV. AP- the field of transportation to determine the various Protective clothing.

37 Urban Transportation

report is designed to pro-

The manual establishes the health and safety standards for new construction, alterations, repairs, Traffic congestion is an urgent urban problem. A PB-187 556 improvements or maintenance for all construction solution is to utilize mass and/or rapid transit more Urban Mass Transportation projects under the control of the Washington extensively. The division of patronage between Washington. D C. Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. This volume the personal automobile and mass transportation is DIRECTORY OF RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT consists of safety requirements for General Con- called modal split. This study examines modal split AND DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS. struction Work. in three stages: First, the major modal split models are examined to determine which variables are the key determinates; second, a particular model split -' ~' PB-185 971 model is further — •- — •• Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. .ng urban settings; Third, rban areas. Transportation), METRO SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION SAFETY presented to illustrate ho\ urban form affects Reviews), Research program MANUAL. PART II. UNDERGROUND EXCAVA- ailroads. Vehicles, Housing, TION. PART III. COMPRESSED AIR WORK. lation. Employment, Monitors, Control, munication systems. Underground struc- May planning. PB-186 497 , Management Voorhees (Alan M.) and Associates, Inc., McLean. Va. :les. Monorail railways, Feeder bus service, Desciiptors: ('Underground structures. Construc- URBAN MASS TRANSIT PLANNING PROJECT. 'ice. Rapid transit bus systems. tion), ('Passenger vehicles. Underground struc- VOLUME I. IBM 7090/94 COMPUTER PRO- tures), ('Construction, Safety), Drilling, Un- GRAMS GENERAL INFORMATION MANUAL. The report summarizes the research, develop- derground explosions. Construction materials. Technical rept. ment, and demonstration programs supported by Fire safety, Ventilation, Intercommunication the Urban Mass Transportation Administration systems. Safety devices. Operators (Personnel), Apr67,75pTR-3-Vol-l (UMTA). The current program divides urban mass air. transportation into eight categories. Medical equipment. Compressed Decompres- Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and problems sion, Visual inspection. Industrial training, In- "" These research categories areas lington. D C. See also emphasize where the Adi Volume 2, PB-186 498. and funds. The program catego..iCgories are: central Descripti 'Urban planning, 'Transportation), city, major activity lower density collec- ('Prog imming (Computers), Transportation), tion ana aistriDution, commutation and linkage, employment facilitation, equipment and facilities, Is, Passenger vehicles, Traffic,T^-^ft.^ Predicd„^;^_ management and operations, and planning and program analysis. (Author) Digital computers. Control sequences. Input-out- projects under the control of the Washington put devices. Management planning. Advanced Metropolitan Transit Authority. Area The volume planning. consists of safety requirements for Underground Identifiers: 'Mass transportation, 'Computer Excavation and Compressed Air Work. Massachusetts Inst, of Tech., Cambridge. Urban analysis. Rapid transit railways. Demand Systems Lab. (Economics), Transportation management. Travel CARS (COMPUTER AIDED ROUTING time. Route analysis, IBM 7090/94 computers. SYSTEM) A PROTOTYPE DIAL-A-BUS SYSTEM. The computer programs described in this report Rept.forJan68-May69. enable convenient and economical evaluation of a proposed transit system. They give reliable esti- Sep69,290p'R69-53 mates of the number of passengers using the system or any desired portion of the system, and 15 Aug 67, 165p Descriptors: ('Urban areas, 'Transportation), how adequately the system or portion handles this Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and Passenger vehicles. Scheduling, Automation, demand. The user can quickly and easily alter the Urban Development, Washington, D C. and Bu- Digital computers. Communications central. Pulse system and test the resulting effect on passenger reau of Public Roads, Washington, D C. Prepared demands and required service. This volume is a in cooperation with ALAN M. Voorhees and As- systems. Telephone communication systems. Spe- general description of the capabilities of the pro- sociates, Inc., McLean, Va. cial purpose computers. Control systems. Systems grams preparation for using them. and the engineering. Mathematical models. Costs, Effi- ciency, Urban planning. Management planning. Identifiers: 'Bus lines, 'Urban transportation, PB-186 498 'CARS (Computer Aided Routing Systems), Com- Voorhees Associates, Inc., (Alan M.) and puter aided routing systems. Routing, Demonstra- McLean, Va. tion projects. Heuristic methods, *Dial-a-bus URBAN MASS TRANSIT PLANNING PROJECT. The Eastern Massachusetts Regional Planning VOLUME II. IBM 7090/94 COMPUTER PRO- Project (EMRPP) seeks to indroduce a program of GRAMS USERS' REFERENCE MANUAL. This report describes Computer Aided Routing comprehensive transportation and land use Technical rept. Service (CARS), a public transportation service planning on a regional scale. Planning studies are offering the desirable characteristics of automo- Apr 67, 128pTR-3-VoI-2 focused on the future alternatives open to the re- Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and gion as they encompass economic growth, land tional public transportation services. By incor- Development, Washington, C. See also use development and transportation systems. The Urban D porating advances in computer and communica- Volume 1, PB-186 497. area of primary concern is the 2,300 square mile tion technology, CARS can respond to demand portion of Eastern Massachusetts. (Author) requests individually as they arise. The scheduling Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), and routing of CARS vehicles is coordinated by a ('Computer programs. Handbooks), Digital com- digital computer which receives service reqiiests puters. Programming (Computers), Subroutines, Control sequences, Input-output devices. Punched A customer can request service by phoning the cards. Computer logic. computer from his home and registering his URBAN MASS TRANSIT PLANNING PROJECT Identifiers: 'Mass transportation. Computer anal- destination. The computer will then instruct a ON MODAL SPLIT SIMULATION MODEL. ysis. Transportation management, IBM 7090/94 vehicle to collect the customer. The passenger Technical rept. waits in the comfort of his home until that vehicle arrives at his door. The vehicle then takes him to Aug67.83pTR-4 The purpose of this document is to summarize in- his destination, probably stopping enroute to col- Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and formation pertaining to the operation of a package lect or distribute other customers. The dynamic programs for use in long Urban Development, Washington, D C. of IBM 7090/94 computer nature of this routing technique makes it particu- range planning of public transportation. Although Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Transportation), each program is an entity, all are interdependent in rently served by public transportation systems. Traffic, Passenger vehicles. Railroads, Models that one creates or reads the input or output of (Simulations), Statistical analysis. Operations another. Elements of the programs may be linked research. Management planning. Costs, Wages, together in any logical order to fulfill a variety of Population, Employment, Urban areas. tasks. To accomplish these tasks and to effect Identifiers: 'Modal split transportation models, their linkage, the experienced user requires bits of 'Mass transportation. Rapid transit railways. information on both the object programs and the

38 May 3, 1971

EVALUATION OF A BUS TRANSIT SYSTEM IN PB-187 978 PB-188 030 A SELECTED URBAN AREA. Voorhees (Alan M.) and Associates, Inc., Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Final rept., McLean, Va. Development, Paris (France). Directorate for Littleton C. MacDorman, Joseph M. Goodman, REPORT ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF FARES, Scientific Affairs. and Donald M. Hill. Jun 69, I64p SERVICES AND COSTS FOR D. C. TRANSIT IMPROVEMENTS AND INNOVATIONS IN Contract FH-1 1-6678 SYSTEM, INC. URBAN BUS SYSTEMS. Limited number of copies containing color other Oct 69, 227p^ than black and white are available until slock is ex- Nov 69, 91p AMV-R-70-1036 hausted. Reproductions will be made in black and Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning), white only. PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT Descriptors: ('Transportation, •District of Colum- (•Passenger vehicles. Efficiency), Velocity, ARE NOT FULLY LEGIBLE. bia), (•Economics, Transportation), Passenger Scheduling, Design, Control systems. Reliability, vehicles, Maryland, Costs, Cost effectiveness. Air pollution, France. Descriptors: (*Urban areas, *Transportation), Statistical analysis. Distribution (Economics). Identifiers: 'Bus lines. Buses (Vehicles), Electric (•Urban planning, 'Maryland), Substitutes, Pas- Identifiers: DC Transit System, Buses (Vehicles), senger vehicles. Roads, Traffic, Transportation, 'Bus lines. Bus fares. Costs, Statistical analysis. Mathematical models, Contents: The urban bus-an overview; Bus priori- Economics. Contents: Background to the consultant assign- ty schemes-increasing the speed of bus travel; Identifiers: 'Baltimore (Maryland), *Urban trans- ment; The economic and legal concepts of dis- The dual mode bus-increasing the flexibility of portation, *Bus lines. Modal split transportation crimination in pricing transportation; Passenger bus transportation; Bus vehicle design; Real time models. Traffic engineering, Automobiles, Park- groups used for analysis of D C. transit service bus control-improving the reliability of bus trans- and fares; Measuring transit service as perceived portation; Bus scheduling and dispatching-im- by the passenger; Estimates of fares paid by each proving the efficiency of bus operation; Demand The objective of this study was the investigation rider group; Comparison of fares with service used responsive bus systems-adapting the bus to and evaluation of a bus transit system as a by riders; Estimating cost of service on each line; changing urban conditions. reasonably acceptable and economical alternative Alternative cost allocations compared with fares to the construction of additional highways in large collected for each rider group. urban areas. In a selected urban area, the location PB-188 046 and magnitude of the forecast year peak hour Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia. vehicular overloads on the existing and committed PB-187 997 MINICAR TRANSIT SYSTEM. FEASIBILITY highway system were determined. Two alternative East-West Gateway Coordinating Council, East STUDY. BOOK 2. transportation systems were designed to reduce or Final rept. on Phase 1. St. Louis, 111. eliminate the forecast year overloads; one automo- ST. LOUIS METROPOLITAN AREA RAPID bile-oriented and the other bus transit-oriented. Dec 68, 141p* TRANSIT FEASIBILITY STUDY. PHASE II RE- also 147. Through the use of a modal split model, developed See Book 1 , Summary, PB-184 PORT: ALTERNATIVE TRANSIT SYSTEMS. as part of the study, the ability of each system to relieve the vehicular overloads on the highway Descriptors: ('Passenger vehicles. Design), 1969, II 3p system was evaluated. The costs of each system ('Transportation, Feasibility studies). Urban Prepared in cooperation with Parsons, Brincker- areas. Air pollution. Costs, Urban planning, Main- were estimated. It is concluded that bus transit is hoff, Tudor, Bechtel, Sverdrup and Parcel, St. capable of alleviating peak hour overloads on Louis, Mo. Identifiers: *Mass transportation, *Minicars. urban freeways. Based on the findings of the study, bus transit systems should be considered as an Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Missouri), Feasi- The study has focused on the feasibility and alternative to more urban freeway construction. bility studies. Urban areas. Management planning. desirability of introducing emission-limited, (DOT Abstract) Traffic, Roads, Passenger vehicles, Railroads, length-limited vehicles, within a rental-fleet con- Costs, Construction, Maintenance, State-of-the- text called The Minicar Transit System, into central parts of metropolitan areas. The test case, PB-187 946 Identifiers: Saint Louis (Missouri), 'Rapid transit upon which these concepts were based, is Tri-State Transportation Commission, New York. designed for the Philadelphia Central Business PEOPLE-TRANSPORTATION-JOBS: PUBLIC systems. Alternatives. District. The system includes a specially designed TRANSPORT SERVICES TO NON-CBD EM- vehicle, facilities, The report is the second in a series to determine unique parking and handling and PLOYMENT CONCENTRATIONS. full exploitation art the feasibility of rapid transit in the St. Louis of state of the technologies for Progress rept. no 4. cost reduction and system worthiness. It promises metropolitan area. The report discusses criteria the user the immediate and direct benefit of lower Oct69,42p suggested for use in further development of the cost when compared to the use of standard au- See also PB-182 537. study as well as several alternative transit system tomobiles as well as improved convenience. It schemes. Basic to all schemes is the continuing use promises society an increase in street capacity and Descriptors: areas, of busses either as feeders or as part of a collector (*Urban Transportation), decreased pollution in direct proportion to the system. review of the current 'state of the art' of (•Transportation, •Employment), Urban planning. A number of standard cars eliminated from central- transit technology is also included. (Author) Economics, Sociology. Public relations. Popula- city operation with the substitution of Minicars. tion, Job analysis. Management planning. Cost effectiveness. New York. Identifiers: •Bus lines. Suburban poor, Demon- PB-188 004 stration projects, Patronage, Publicity. Tennessee State Planning Commission, Knoxville. PB-188 198 East Tennessee Office. Automobile Manufacturers Association, Detroit, This demonstration project, which examines the TRANSPORTATION PLAN, LENOIR CITY - Mich. role of transportation as a link between poor peo- LOUDON - LOUDON COUNTY, TENNESSEE. MOTOR TRUCKS IN THE METROPOLIS. ple and jobs, is taking place in suburban Nassau and Suffolk counties in New York's Long Island. May 69, 97p Aug 65, 232p It was initially divided into three phases: (l)an im- PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE NOT Paper copy available from Automobile Manufac- mediate-action program providing transportation FULLY LEGIBLE. turers Association, Inc., 320 New Center Bldg., Detroit Mich. services; (2) studies of transportation needs of the suburban poor with particular reference to linking Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Tennessee), (•Ur- Traffic, Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), people to jobs; and (3) the institution of transpor- ban planning. Transportation), Roads, (•Cargo vehicles, 'Urban areas). Commerce, tation services based on the results of the Phase- Standards, Design. Traffic, Roads, Statistical analysis. Urban Two studies. The project has now entered a fourth Identifiers: Lenoir City (Tennessee), Loudon phase, which will be based on an overall upgrading (Tennessee), Loudon County (Tennessee). of transit rather than the point-to-point approach The study is an inquiry into urban truck travel as it series to provide a previously in this report. Pro- The report is part of a designed used and described relates to commodity and service requirements. ject comprehensive plan to guide the growth and studies (part of Phase Two) explore the status Primary emphasis is given to the magnitude, development of the Lenoir City - Loudon - Lou- of poverty-level households in the bicounty area character, and implication of daily motor truck County planning regions. The transportation and deal with economic and transportation charac- don travel. These patterns, in turn, have been analyzed the existing transportation systems teristics, employment opportunities and employer plan outlines in relation to other forms of travel on streets and reaction to public-transportation services. In and sets forth applicable standards which should highways and to planning criteria which relate to another section of this document, project bus be used in evaluating new transportation systems. these facilities. The study endeavors to quantify routes are described. A third chapter analyzes the The existing systems are then analyzed in terms of urban goods linkages as inferred by truck travel project routes on the basis of fares paid, advertis- these standards, to determine deficiencies and in- and to define the accompanying needs in highway, ing and benefits, both to users and others. adequacies upon which recommendations for fu- terminal, and associated auxiliary facilities. (Author) ture improvements are based. (Author) (Author)

39 Urban Transportation

PB-188 357 PB-188 446 15 Sep 69, I03p' 06X1 8-W666-RO-00 East-West Gateway Coordinating Council, East Fast-West Gateway Coordinating Council, East Contract C-353-66 St. Louis, III. St. Louis, 111. TERMINAL FACILITIES INVENTORY FOR REGIONAL PRINCIPLES FOR THE FUNC- Descriptors: ('Vehicles, Guidance), ('Roads, THE ST. LOUIS METROPOLITAN AREA. TIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF RURAL ROADS 'Guidance), Algorithms, Queueing theory, Net- Aug 69, lOlp AND URBAN STREETS. Prepared in cooperation with Crawford, Buntc. Identifiers: 'Highways. SLG (Synchronous Lon- Roden, Inc., and Voorhees (Alan M.) and As- Dec 67, 16p EWG-CS-0099.10.0 gitudinal Guidance). Synchronous longitudinal sociates, Inc., St. Louis, Mo. guidance. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Management Descriptors: ('Transportation, •Urban areas). planning). ('Roads, Classification), Theory, Stan- The report documents the results of the Reviews, Cargo vehicles. Trailers, Tractors, dards, Networks, Traffic, Reviews, Control Synchronous Longitudinal Guidance (SLG) Study Handling, Railroad cars, Predictions, Periodic as applied to automated highway networks. The 'Streets, variations. Site selection. Cargo, Air traffic. Identifiers: Rural roads, Travel distance. report is organized as follows. Section 1 contains a Ranges (Establishments). Freeways. background of the SLG projects, an introduction Identifiers: East West gateway area, *Saint Louis to the basic concepts used in SLG, objectives and (Missouri), 'Terminal transportation facilities. The adopted set of principles embodies the func- methods of the study, and conclusions reached as Trucks, Piggy back. tional classification concepts of predominant trip a result of the study. Sections 2 and 3 discuss length or travel distance served and the level of results of analytical work done to verify various The report presents the results of work done in the service to be provided for these trips. The method properties of the algorithms used for local vehicle St. Louis metropolitan area transportation of classification described in the report defines the control and for interfacing highway elements in whiclr desired lines of travel planning program. The purpose of this portion of manner are con- within the network. Work done in simulating the verted into traffic flow through a regional road and the program is to determine the relationship allocation algorithm for three networks is sum- between goods movement terminals and the needs marized in Section 4. A brief comparison between for transportation facilities. (Author) SLG and manual highway design is drawn in Sec- tion 5. Finally, Section 6 contains recommenda- PB-188 478 tions for further study of the SLG concept. PB-188 444 East-West Gateway Coordinating Council, Fast East-West Gateway Coordinating Council. East St. Louis, 111.

Si. Louis, 111. SOME THOUGHTS ON A TRANSPORTATION SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION STUDY FOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM FOR CONTINUING PB-188 886 TRANSPORTATION PLANNING, GRANITE CITY, ILLINOIS, PUBLIC AND American Society of Civil Engineers, New York. PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. Clyde E. Sweet, Jr. Feb 69, 7p EWG-CS-0046.06.0 PASSENGER PSYCHOLOGICAL DYNAMICS. Staff technical rept., Sources of information on urban transportation, Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban areas). Clyde E. Sweet, Jr. Feb 69, 26p EWG-CS- Kathleen M. Solomon, Richard J. Solomon, and Control systems. Systems engineering. Manage- 0034.10.6 Joseph S. Silien. Jun 68, 190p Rept. no. 3 ment planning. Statistical data. Data processing Prepared in cooperation with Grantie City Com- Contract H-804 systems. Mathematical analysis. Traffic, Missou- munity Unit School District No. 9, and Springfield Archdiocese of Parochial Schools, 111. Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), Identifiers: East West gateway area, 'Saint Louis ('Public opinion. Reviews), Decision making. Pas- (Missouri). Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), senger vehicles. Attitudes, Group dynamics. Fac- ('Students, Statistical data), ('Urban areas, Il- tor analysis. State-of-the-art reviews. Safety, Re- The paper presents some thoughts on developing linois), Reviews, Questionnaires, Classification, liability, Time, Costs, Statistical data. Human en- the transportation surveillance system required for Data processing systems, Statistical processes. continuing transportation planning for the St. Identifiers: Interviews, East West gateway area, fdemiHel-s: Modal choices. Comfort, Demonstra- Louis Area. Data sources and techniques for car- 'Granite City (Illinois), Rapid transit systems. tion projects, 'Passenger dynamics. rying out the surveillance program are suggested. Public schools. Parochial schools. (Author) A review is made of consumer attitudes underlying The report presents the results of a school trans- modal choice in urban transportation. Factors are portation survey undertaken by the East-West PB-188 520 selected from attitude surveys and transit demon- Gateway coordinating council in the Granite City stration projects include safety, reliability, time Voorhees (Alan M.) and Associates, Inc.. community unit school district and the Springfield McLean, Va. savings, cost, convenience, comfort, aesthetics, Archdiocese of parochial schools. The resultant DENVER HOME-TO-WORK TRANSPORTA- and marketing. The appendix contains notes on travel information from the survey is being utilized TION STUDY. passenger comfort and human factors criteria, an in analyzing and forecasting school travel in the St. extensive bibliography and guide to source Louis Metropolitan Area transportation studies Nov 69, 180p AMV-R-20-103.'i references. (Author) for highways and rapid transit. (Author) Prepared in cooperation with The Denver Planning Office, Denver, Colo. Sponsored in part by De- partment of Housing and Urban Development. PB-188 963 445 PB-188 Washington, D.C. Sperry Rand Corp., Great Neck, N.V. Sperry East-West Gateway Coordinating Council, East Systems Management Div. St. Louis, 111. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Colorado), ADVANCED CONTROL TECHNOLOGY IN BELLEVILLE AREA SCHOOL TRANSPORTA- ('Management planning. Urban areas), URBAN TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS. TION STUDY. Economics, Problem solving. Labor, Employ- VOLUME 1. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION. Staff technical rept., ment, Population, Statistical data, Costs, Effec- Clyde E. Sweet, Jr. Feb 69, 25p EWG-CS- tiveness, Predictions. Oct 69, 189p* GF-3701-1004-1 1-6932 0030.10.7 Identifiers: Poverty areas. Low income groups, Contract FH-1 Prepared in cooperation with Belleville High 'Denver (Colorado). Central city. Unemployment, See also Volume 2, PB-188 964. School District and Belleville Grade School Dis- Underemployment. trict, and Belleville Diocese of Parochial Schools. Descriptors: ('Urban areas, 'Traffic), Digital

III. The particular study discussed in the report is con- computers. Detectors, Control, Queueing theory. cerned primarily with establishing better access District of Columbia. Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas). between jobs and low income homes. It also deals ('Students, Statistical data), ('Urban areas, Il- with improving access between these homes and The program has as its ultimate objective the in- linois), Reviews, Questionnaires, Classification, recreational, cultural and other opportunities in vestigation of new strategies for improving traffic in areas. investiga- Collecting methods. Data processing systems. the metropolitan area. As such, the study is con- control congested urban The Identifiers: Interviews, East West gateway area, cerned with the characteristics of the residents of tion will be performed by using a digital computer 'Belleville (Illinois), Rapid transit systems. Public a particular low income area and with the transpor- and a network of vehicle detectors to analyze traf- schools. Parochial schools. tation linkages between that area and all others in fic parameters and select timing patterns for the metropolitan Denver. (Author) traffic signals in a 200-intersection area of The report presents the results of a school trans- Washington, D.C. This on-street testing approach portation survey of students in the Belleville grade to the urban traffic problem has been initiated school district, the Belleville Township high PB-188 582 because the alternative techniques of analysis and school district, and the Belleville Diocese of TRW Systems Group, Washington. D C. Washing- simulation have not yet led to significant improve- parochial schools in the East-West Gateway area. ton. Operations. ments in traffic control. The objective of the Ad- The resultant travel information from the survey is STUDY OF SYNCHRONOUS LONGITUDINAL vanced Control Technology study phase of this being utilized in analyzing and forecasting school GUIDANCE AS APPLIED TO INTERCITY AU- program was to define the traffic control system in travel in the St. Louis Metropolitan Area transpor- TOMATED HIGHWAY NETWORKS. sufficient detail for estimating costs, purchasing tation studies for highways and rapid transit. Final rept. and installing equipment, and programming the (Author) computer for basic on-line control. The major

40 May 3, 1971

lasks performed in meeting these objectives were: AUTOMATIC FARE COLLECTION. combination of advanced electronic techniques of parameters used as (1 ) establishing traffic to be the basis for on-Hne selection and evaluation of con- a mathcmalically-based dispatching operation. trol strategies, (2) developing coiiLcpIs for a traffic Jan 70, 58p* TR-2 The net result is a system which, under a variety of signal control system whu h . m i. .i.lik implement Report on 'San Fr.nu isi ,, II., v Arc.i K.ipid Transit operational conditions, can give taxi-like, door-lo- experimental control sli. Ill I i i m cquip- District DemonstraiKui '.punsored by door service at a cost close to that of the bus.

Department of Traiispon, w , l,iii|.|,m, D.C.

(. mi'.'i generating installation .111.1 i .i: n .n.. |il,ins, (5) See also report dated Inn I'l; 1 generating software and eqiiiiniiLm iliL.Uions, and (6) testing loop vehicle detectors. (Author) Descriptors: ('Urban areas. Transportation), PB-189 333 ('Money, Collecting methods), ('Railroad.s, Parsons Brinckerhoff-Tudor-Bechtel, San Fran- 'California), Automation, Electronic equipment. cisco, Calif. PB-188 984 Programming (Computers), Human engineering. SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA RAPID TRANSIT Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Md. Applied Control systems. Money, Management planning. DISTRICT DEMONSTRATION PROJECT. SUM- Physics Lab. Identifiers; Rapid transit systems, 'Automatic MARY. PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF GENERIC fare collection. Money changers. Railroad tickets. URBAN TRANSIT SYSTEMS. Vending machines, San Francisco (California). Transportation programs repl., Jan 70,73p'TR-l2 B, M. Ford, W. J. Rocsler, and M. C. Waddell. Dec The report describes the program that was con- 69, 89p APL-TPR-001 ducted to develop a fare collection system that Descriptors: ('Transporlalion, California), ('Rail- would permit collecting a graduated fare on the roads, Feasibility studies). Railroad cars. Automa- Descriptors; areas, 'Transportation), Francisco (*Urban San Bay area rapid transit system tion, Money, Electrical equipment. Control Systems engineering. Operation, Scheduling, (BART). While the report is primarily concerned systems, Railroad tracks. Braking, Structures, Costs, Urban planning. with equipment test and demonstration, it also Acoustic properties. Identifiers: Rapid transit systems. contains explanations of the rationale that in- Identifiers: Automatic control systems. Demon- design decisions. fluenced The work was neces- stration projects, 'Rapid transit systems. Auto- The purposes of the analysis were: To investigate sarily oriented toward have BART but the results matic fare collection, *San Francisco (California), relationships pertinent urban transit between potential application to other transportation Evaluation. system operating parameters, e.g., line speed, systems. (Author) vehicle headway, station and grid spacings, and The San Francisco Bay area rapid transit district hourly route demand, and to determine their ef- demonstration project was conducted on a four fects on system performance; to estimate system PB-189 269 and one-half mile test track. The purpose of the costs and to explore the implications of system Voorhees (Alan M.) and Associates, Inc., demonstration project was to test and evaluate parameter changes on costs. The results of the McLean, Va. new technical concepts in the field of rapid transit. analysis are presented in the report. The report is A SYSTEMS ANALYSIS OF TRANSIT ROUTES These concepts included a variety of advanced comprised of three major sections. The first of AND SCHEDULES. hardware as well as completely automatic train these gives a summary, including a brief sketch of control and automatic fare collection systems. the method of analysis, descriptions of the various Nov 69, 133p' AMV-R-20-1040 (Author) generic systems considered in the analysis, and a Report on Mass Transportation Demonstration. listing of conclusions drawn. The second presents Prepared in cooperation with Washington in some detail the results the trip-time calcula- Metropolitan Area Transit Commission, Arling- of PB-189 383 tions for each of the generic systems. The third ton, Va. Resource Management Corp., Bethesda, Md. section gives estimates of certain component THE PRICE BEHAVIOR OF NONFUEL costs, underground guideway costs, aerial Descriptors; ('Transportation, Programming MINERAL COMMODITIES, guideway costs, vehicle costs, etc., followed by (Computers)), ('Urban planning, 'District of C. McCuislion, E. Battison, and A. M. Lago. 15 overall system costs -both investment and annual Columbia), Systems engineering. Scheduling, Au- Jan 70, 218p BM-Open file-2-70 tomation, Feasibility studies, Sociometrics, operation-for each system. A glossary is ap- Contract SO 180869 pended. (Author) Reviews, Maryland. Identifiers; 'Mass transportation, Systems analy- Descriptors: ('Minerals, Costs), ('Economics, sis. Computerized simulation. Transit routes. Bus Management planning), Metals, Ores (Nonmetal- PB-188 988 lic). Fertilizers, Analysis of variance. Regression San Diego County Comprehensive Planning Or- analysis. Reviews, Stability, Correlation ganization Calif. One of the primary objectives of th techniques. AIR TRANSPORTATION BACKGROUND AND investigate the possibility that the b Identifiers: Nonfuel minerals. Commodities, POLICY STUDY. transit system through computer me thods could be Prices, Discriminant analysis. effectively used as a tool for shor Nov69,302p* route planning. As the system to be The document presents the results of a study of Prepared in cooperation with Little (Arthur D ), investigation was the D. C. Transit System cover- price behavior among nonfuel mineral commodi- Inc., San Francisco, Calif. Sponsored in part by ing the District of Columbia and ne arby suburban ties. The report is intended to provide some insight Department of Housing and Urban Development, Maryland, a further objective w; into price variability that might serve as a factor in Washington, D.C. Limited number of copies con- method to devise an improved route: and operating setting policy. The study is concerned with sets of taining color other than black and white are availa- plan for that system. (Author) characteristics of data used to distinguish price ble until stock is exhausted. Reproductions will be stability (instability) within and between major made in black and white only. PB-189 330 nonfuel mineral and related commodities. Step- Institute Public Administration Washington, wise discriminant analysis was used as an analyti- Descriptors; (*Air transportation, 'California), of , cal tool to discover (*Urban planning, 'Airports), Reviews, Systems D.C. singly and in combination those characteristics engineering. Civil aviation. Inventory, Statistical DEMAND-ACTUATED ROAD TRANSIT that best measure the significant differences between the price data. Site selection. Roads, Mathematical predic- (DART): PERFORMANCE AND DEMAND ESTI- behavior of several different tion. Advanced planning. Aircraft. MATION ANALYSIS. groups of mineral commodities. Four commodity were studied. Identifiers; *San Diego County (California), Alter- groups (.Author) natives, Land use. Policymaking. 15Mar6y,320p' Prepared in cooperation with Department of PB-189 688 The study is an overview, concerned with the Transportation, Washington, D C. and Teknekron, Washington Transit problems and prospects of aviation in the San Metropolitan Area .Authoritv. Diego region during the years 1970-90. It com- PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION PROGRAM ."Adaptive systems), prises a compendium of the region s airports and Descriptors: ('Transportation, METRO SYSTEM. their capacities, of the demands that will be made ('Urban planning, Fxperimental design). Systems

i Feb70,6lp upon them during the next 20 years, and of the engineering, Passen,- vehicles. Mathematical variety of airport-system plans which might be ar- models. Feasibility •jdies. Cost effectiveness. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning), ranged to satisfy that demand. The information Curve fitting. Road (Railroads. 'District of Columbia), Construction. contained herein is sufficient to enable this region Identifiers; DART (Demand Actuated Site selection. Contracts, Scheduling. Urban areas. planning, and the completion of the report places puter analysis. Bus lines. Model choice. Specifications, Railroad cars. Railroad (racks. the San Diego region in favorable position. Underground structures, Maryland. Vir- The document describes an urban transporlalion fdentificrs: Rapid transit systems. PB-I89 148 Parsons Brinckerhoff-Tudor-Bcchtel, San Fran- The document is published for the information of cisco, Calif. the construction, manufacturing and supply indus-

41 Urban Transportation

tries that may be interested in offering their ser- and referenced. In addition, 124 proposed systems Descriptors: ('Urban planning, Transportation), vices for the construction of the rapid rail transit are listed. A background on vehicle performance ('Transportation, 'Rhode Island), Statistical anal- system authorized for the Washington and an extensive appendix on rail transit systems ysis. Predictions, Urban areas. Metropolitan Area. (Author) Identifiers: 'Providence (Rhode Island), Regional planning and development, 'Rapid transit

PB-189 840 PB-189 945 Texas Highway Dept. New York State Office of Planning Coordination, The purpose of the report is to develop procedures COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF for use in forecasting future transit usage in the FREEWAY RAMP CONTROL. MASTER PLAN BACKGROUND STUDY. Providence Metropolitan Area and to apply these Research rept., TRANSPORTATION. (6.0). CAYUGA COUNTY forecasting procedures to the year of 1985 and the Conrad L. Dudek, and W. R. McCasland. 1970. PLANNING BOARD, AUBURN, NEW YORK. ^ 61pRR-24-24 1985, (Author) Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Public Sep69,70p Roads, Washington, D.C. Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and Urban Development, Washington, D C. See also PB-190 499

Descriptors; (*Roads, Control systems), PB-1 89 944 and PB- 1 89 946. ^ (Management planning, *Texas), Cost effective- bor, Mich. ness, Transportation, Traffic, Analog systems. Descriptors: (*Urban planning, *New York), FLINT TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY Statistical processes. Factor analysis. Systems en- ('Transportation, Urban planning). Networks, DEMONSTRATION PROJECT. Special interim rept. no. 2. gineering. Railroads, Roads, Water traffic. Landing fields. Identifiers; Freeways, *Ramps, Travel time. Classification, Inland waterways. Passenger vehi- Feb 70,39p* cles. Statistical data. Maps. The report is concerned with the evaluation of Identifiers; Highways, 'Cayuga County (New Descriptors: ('Urban planning. Michigan). freeway merging control systems from a cost-ef- York). fectiveness standpoint. The methodology for ('Transportation. 'Economics), ('Economics, Urban planning). Passenger vehicles. Public rela- evaluation of freeway control systems based on a The purpose and scope of the report is to assemble tions. engineering. Traffic. multilevel is Systems Standards, system design concept presented and data and information on all transportation net- Costs, Commerce, Statistical data. the cost-effectiveness of each of four levels of works and to describe the problems inherent in Identifiers; 'Bus transportation. Demonstration control is reported. The systems costs and effec- them. This report lays the basis for the formulation projects, Flint (Michigan), Transportation trends. tiveness a of the alternatives were determined for a transportation plan for County that of Cayuga Bus lines. section of the in Gulf Freeway Houston, Texas will relate to the facts as they exist now, and to currently under surveillance and control. (Author) conditions which may be anticipated in the future. The four major objectives of the program are to The report offers an examination of existing trans- demonstrate the feasibility of special-purpose bus portation facilities in terms of their type, location, PB-189 871 lines for specifically-identified passenger groups, condition and capacity including review of inter to demonstrate the specialized marketing Research Triangle Inst., Durham, N.C. and intra-County dominant travel patterns. The in- TRAFFIC SYSTEMS REVIEWS AND AB- techniques needed to promote and establish per- STRACTS. TRAFFIC FLOW THEORY. COM- ventory of existing transport facilities provides in- sonalized bus service, to demonstrate system MUNICATION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS. formation on the physical features and operational economies through integration of these special- COST EFFECTIVENESS METHODOLOGY. characteristics of major transport systems within purpose lines with existing general-purpose opera- the County. (Author) tions, and to develop criteria for determining mix ISSUE NUMBER 30. REVIEWS: T-0871-T-0900. (balance) between special-purpose and general- purpose operations. (Author) Feb 70,41p PB-190 402 Contract FH-11-6610 Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Md Applied See also Issue no. 29 dated Jan 70, PB-189 325. Physics Lab. PB-190 636 IN Massachusetts Dept. of Public Works, Boston. 'Reviews), ACCELERATION AND COMFORT PUBLIC Descriptors; (*Traffic, Abstracts. TRANSPORTATION. WORCESTER URBANIZED AREA TRANSPOR- Linear programming. Mathematical models. GROUND Transportation programs rept.. TATION STUDY: SURVEY FINDINGS, DATA Statistical distributions. Roads, Queueing theory. J. W. Gebhard. Feb 70, 49p' APL-TPR-002 PROJECTIONS AND THE RECOMMENDED Performance (Human), Rural areas, Cargo vehi- TRANSPORTATION PLAN. cles. Curve fitting. Control systems. Programming Descriptors: ('Passenger vehicles, 'Acceleration (Computers), Safety, Communication systems. tolerance), ('Railroads, Acceleration tolerance). 1969, 358p Identifiers; Information systems. Traffic flow Protection, Safety, Deceleration, Test methods. Prepared in cooperation with De Lauw, Gather theory. Travel time. Freeways, Highway Tables, Statistical analysis. and Co., Chicago, III. Sponsored in part by the Bu- crossings. passing. Overtaking and reau of Public Roads, Washington, D.C. Limited Sturdies of starting, stopping, and traversing number of copies containing color other than black The main objective of the technical review service white are available until stock is exhausted. curves in public transportation vehicles have been and is to furnish critical reviews and abstracts of cur- Reproductions will be made in black and white flow reviewed for the relationship between acceleration rent literature in the topic areas of traffic only. THIS and passenger comfort and acceptance. Existing PORTIONS OF DOCUMENT ARE theory, communication and control systems, and NOT FULLY LEGIBLE. cost effectiveness methodology. data obtained by rider ratings and, in one case, an objective measure of performance have been Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Massachusetts), analyzed, tabulated, and discussed for both stand- ('Management planning, 'Urban areas). Reviews. ing and seated passengers. Longitudinal accelera- PB-189 937 Inventory, Statistical analysis. Mathematical pre- tions and decelerations judged comfortable and American Society of Civil Engineers, New York. diction. Decision making. Roads, Traffic, Vehi- acceptable were in the range of 0.1 Ig to 0.15g; MODES OF TRANSPORTATION. cles, Population, Employment, Mathematical Sources of information on urban transportation, lateral accelerations were in the range of 0.06g to models. Costs. are inadequate for Richard J. Solomon, Joseph S. Silien, and William 0.22g. However, existing data Identifiers: 'Worcester (Massachusetts), Evalua- H.T. Holden. Aug 68, 156p Rept. no. 2 specifying acceleration limits for systems one may tion, Terminal transportation facilities. Alterna- Contract H-804 want to consider for the future. Since the accelera- tives, Parking facilities. Also available from the American Society of Civil tion values found are about 0.1 Og lower than those Engineers, N Y. Price $3.00. that are accepted by automobile users, it may be The document is concerned with inventories of ex- worthwhile to investigate methods for making isting transportation conditions in Worcester. Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), higher accelerations acceptable to mass transpor- Massachusetts; an analysis of data and forecasts (Passenger vehicles. Classification), Standards, tation passengers, especially since certain new of future needs; an evaluation of alternative solu- Velocity, Acceleration, Motorcycles, Railroads, systems are being proposed that require fast starts tions; and determination of the best plan. Ground effect machines. Tracked vehicles. Rocket-propelled sleds. Aircraft, Roads. line and''station sidings. (Author) Identifiers: Taxicabs, Escalators, Moving side- PB-190 831 walks, Monorail railways. Elevators (Lifts), Auto- California State Business and Transportation mated highways. Automobiles, Ferries, Bicycles, PB-190 458 Agency. Rhode Island Statewide Comprehensive Transpor- A RESEARCH PROJECT TO DETERMINE AND tation and Land Use Planning Program, TEST THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM AND urban transportation classified by vehicle types, PRELIMINARY TRANSIT USAGE FORECASTS JOB AND OTHER OPPORTUNITIES OF LOW with subclasses by guideway where applicable. FOR THE PROVIDENCE METROPOLITAN INCOME GROUPS. Over 100 vehicle systems which have been demon- AREA, Interim final rept strated, or are currently operated, are described Ronald G. Sarros. Oct 65, 27p Technical Paper-4

42 May 3, 1971

Jan 70, 150p Descriptors; ('Urban areas, 'Traffic), Pro- Prepared in cooperation with IBM, New Haven, PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE NOT gramming (Computers), Digital computers. Flow Conn, Sec also Volume 16, PH-190 895, and FULLY LEGIBLE. Limited number of copies charting, Control, District of Columbia. Volume 18, PB190 897. containing color other than black and white are Identifiers: Vehicular traffic control. available until stock is exhausted. Reproductions Descriptors: ('Management planning, 'Traffic), will be made in black and white only. The volume describes the basic operation program ('Vehicles, Urban areas), Reviews, Safety, Con- routines and flow charts to be used in the traffic trol systems, Transportation, Problem solving. Descriptors: ('Employment, *Urban areas), control computer. Data processing systems, Programming (Compu- ('Transportation, Research program administra- ters), Flow charting, Connecticut. tion), Reviews, Correlation techniques. Identifiers: Parking facilities. New Haven (Con- Economics, Population, Mobility, Passenger vehi- PB-190 849 necticut), 'Management information systems. cles. Statistical data, Predictions, Feasibility stu- Sperry Rand Corp., Great Neck, N.Y. Sperry Div. dies, California. Systems Management The basic responsibility of the Traffic and Parking ADVANCED CONTROL TECHNOLOGY IN Identifiers: Central city, Negroes, Low income Department is to balance expedient vehicular and TRAFFIC groups. Unemployment, Demonstration projects, URBAN CONTROL SYSTEMS. pedestrian movement with maximum personal VOLUME HI. UTCS/BPS SYSTEM EQUIPMENT Mexican Americans, Bus lines, Los Angeles safety by installing, maintaining, and operating (California). SPECIFICATIONS. traffic control devices in the city of New Haven. The Department reviews all requests for changes The document is a report of a significant and im- Mar 70, 249p* GF-3701 -1 006-3 in traffic controls, and it acts as traffic engineering portant demonstration project. It did not demon- Contract FH-1 1 -6932 consultant to all other city departments. Its long- strate that providing transportation for the jobless See also Volume 2, PB-190 848. Supersedes PB- range function is to seek solutions to traffic and 188 965. cures unemployment; it showed that adequate transportation problems associated with the city's transportation is a necessary but not a sufficient extensive urban redevelopment program. (Author) condition for people to have access to job opportu- Descriptors: ('Urban areas, 'Traffic), Specifica- tions, Control, Detectors, Digital nities. It emphasizes consideration of the location computers. Radio equipment. of activities necessary to improve the living condi- PB-190 949 Identifiers: 'Vehicular traffic control. tions in the poverty pockets of metropolitan re- Harvard Law School. Cambridge, Mass. gions. It underlines the fact that substantial seg- The equipment specification presented in this URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STUDY. ments of the population in metropolitan regions volume describes the required characteristics of SEMINAR: METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTA- lack the mobility necessary to enable them to rise equipment to be used in the Urban Traffic Control TION AND THE MOBILITY OF THE POOR. out of the poverty level. It provides an extremely System test site. These specifications have been useful record of experience with several means of generated to serve as the basis of requests for 1970,46p' providing public transportation for the purpose of price quotation from potential equipment sup- access to jobs and essential services. (Author) pliers. They will be referenced in statements of Descriptors: ('Transportation, Symposia). work which define all tasks to be performed by the ('Population, Mobility), ('Urban areas. Transpor- supplier in meeting the terms tation), Problem solving. Economics, Recreation, PB-190 847 of the contract. These tasks will normally include the following: Public health. Housing, Employment, Attitudes, Sperry Rand Corp., Great Neck, N.Y. Sperry fabrication and test of the equipment; generation Money, Passenger vehicles. Systems Management Div. of test procedures; generation of all drawings; ADVANCED CONTROL TECHNOLOGY IN parts lists, and manuals; training of personnel; The document covers problems relating to the mo- URBAN TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS'. generation of periodic status reports, and support bility of the poor within metropolitan areas, with VOLUME lA. BUS PRIORITY SYSTEMS of maintenance. The schedule for accomplishing special emphasis on ways in which urban mass DESCRIPTION. all tasks is also normally included in the statement transportation facilities and services can be im- of work, (Author) proved to assist the poor in traveling to and from Mar 70, 254p*GF-3701 -1006-1 jobs, shops, recreation facilities, welfare and Contract FH-1 1-6932 other service centers, hospitals, etc. Possible in- See also Volume 1,PB-188 963. PB-190 868 novations in transportation are discussed in the Rhode Island Statewide Comprehensive Transpor- context of other governmental and private pro- Descriptors; (*Urban areas, 'Traffic), Passenger tation and Land Use Planning Program, grams designed to facihlate both the movement of vehicles. Digital computers. Control, Queueing the poor into suburban areas and the improvement theory. District of Columbia. THE BUTTONWOODS - PROVIDENCE EX- of their conditions in the central city. Transporta- Identifiers: *Buses (Vehicles), 'Vehicular traffic PRESS AND LOCAL SHOPPERS SHUTTLE. tion needs of the poor are compared with transpor- Final rept. 6 67-31 Oct 68. Nov tation needs of middle class suburban areas, and Traffic (UTCS), which the comparative utility of certain innovations for An Urban Control System 31 Oct68,46p D.C., various segments of the metropolitan population will be installed in a portion of Washington, Report on Arriving Late in Suburbia. Prepared in are studied. (Author) was designed and specified. This system will pro- cooperation with Rhode Island Public Transit vide the means for the on-street testing of ad- Authority, Department of Housing and Urban vanced control strategies as well as for field stu- Development, Washington, D.C., and Creamer, PB-190 950 dies of traffic flow characteristics. The system's Trowbridge, Case and Basford, Inc. Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass. elements include on-street vehicle detectors, com- TRANSPORTATION POLITICS IN munications equipment to carry vehicle detector ATLANTA. Descriptors: ('Transportation, Feasibility stu- THE MASS TRANSIT BOND REFERENDUM OF information to a central site, a computer which dies), ('Urban planning, Rhode Island), Urban NOVEMBER, 1968 (WITH COMPARISONS TO processes the information to determine optimum areas. Passenger vehicles, Cost effectiveness. REFERENDA IN LOS ANGELES, SAN FRAN- signal patterns, and signal controllers to change Public opinion. Statistical data. Effectiveness. CISCO, SEATTLE, AND WASHINGTON, D.C.). the signals in response to computer commands. Identifiers: Demonstration projects. Suburban Matthew A. Coogan, James H. Landon. James T. Recognizing that the UTCS elements could also be areas, Express bus routes. Mass transit systems. Roe, III, Alan M. Rubin, and th methods to improve bus Edmund S. Schaffer. Jan 70, 196p* flow and therefore increase bus passenger The Buttonwoods project was launched to deter- Contract HUD-H-1043 throughput, a Bus P iority System (BPS) Study mine whether mass transit would be sufficiently was conducted. The objectives of the program utilized by residents of an automobile-oriented Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Georgia), ('Law, were: Develop m thods of giving buses suburban area. The project also sought to learn Transportation), Urban areas. Attitudes, Public preferential treatmen through the use of traffic how the latest marketing and public relations opinion, Railroads, Management planning, Cor- signal control; Design and specify a system which techniques could help establish mass transit needs, can be used to test the usefulness of these methods and induce suburbanites to abandon automobiles Identifiers: City elections, 'Bond referendums, in the UTCS area. in favor of mass transit. Two types of service were Atlanta (Georgia). provided, express service from the suburban com- Los .Angeles (California), San Francisco (California), Seattle (Washington). Washington (District of Columbia). PB-190 848 service to major nearby shopping centers. Sperry Rand Corp., Great Neck, N.Y. Sperry (Author) document is concerned with Systems Management Div. The bond issue ADVANCED CONTROL TECHNOLOGY IN proposals for funding mass transportation projects URBAN TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS. PB-190 896 in various cities in the United States. The purpose of (he study has been to compare the e.xperience of VOLUME 11. UTCS/BPS PROGRAMMING New Haven City, Conn. SPECIFICATIONS. AN URBAN MANAGEMENT INFORMATION Atlanta with four other cities in the United States SYSTEM. VOLUME 17. TRAFFIC AND PARK- which took the matter of mass transit to the polls Mar 70, 389p* GF-3701-1006-2 ING DEPARTMENT. within the last eight years, and to suggest within Contract FH-1 1-6932 Joint information system study. the limits of in\ estigalor training and the data factors See also Volume lA, PB-190 847 and Volume 3, available which seem to have led to voter PB-190 849. Supersedes PB-188 964. Apr69, 107p* approval or rejection in each case. (Author)

43 Urban Transportation

PB-190 951 Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'California). Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass. ('Management planning. Urban areas). Passenger MASS TRANSIT AND THE HKiHWAY TRUST vehicles, Budgets, Cost effectiveness. Roads. FUND, Railroads, Airports, Statistical data. Traffic. Donald N. Dcwces. J. Michael Mines, Noel R. Population. Attitudes, Predictions. Barlsch, Gregg Harrison, and John G. Wofford. Identifiers: San Jose (California). Santa Clara Jan 70, 127p' County (California). Bus lines. Contract HUD-H1043

Descriptors; ('Roads, Costs), ('Transportation, for improvement are reported .lind a plan is shown Management planning), Budgets, Factor analy- a planning and developmer whereby bus service can be substantially in- sis, Safety, Air pollution, Housing, Maintenance, Passenger vehicles. Identifiers: Mass transit systems, 'Highway trust fund financing.

PB-191 125 An analysis is made of certain proposals relating to Rhode Island Public Transit Authority. how to finance capital expenditures for mass PROPOSED TRANSIT DEVELOPMENT PRO- transit facilities. The document is intended to GRAM FOR RHODE ISLAND PUBLIC focus upon the highway trust fund (referred to as TRANSIT AUTHORITY: A TECHNICAL STU- HTF) and to discuss the appropriateness of that DY. VOLUME I. penditures. (Author)' Nov 69, 1 18p Prepared in cooperation with Simpson and Curtin, Philadelphia, Pa., and Department of Transporta- PB-190 981 tion, Washington, D C. See also Volume 2, PB-iyi Harvard Univ., Cambridge, Mass Depl of City 126. Limited number of copies containing color and Regional Planning. THK PHYSICAL MOBILITY OF THE POOR. AN other than black and white are available until stock INTRODUCTORY OVERVIEW, is exhausted. Reproductions will be made in black and white only. Douglas Gurin. May 69, 102p

Descriptors: ('Transport.ilion , 'Rhode Island). AMV-R-20.1062. Descriptors: ('Transportation, Problem solving), (Urban planning, Rhode Island), Passenger vehi- ('Population, Mobility), ('Economics, Urban cles, Scheduling, Costs, Budgets. Traffic, Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Orej areas). Reviews. Statistical data. Attitudes, Pas- Management planning. Statistical data. Mathe- (Transportation. Urban planning). Traffic. P senger vehicles, F.mployment, Rural areas. matical prediction. Rural areas. lation. Vehicles, Statistical analysis. Predict Theses. Identifiers: Bus lines. Mass transit systems. Urban planning. Identifiers: Poverty, Travel demand. Providence (Rhode Island). Pawtuckel (Rhode Identifiers: Rapid transit system. Lane Co (Oregon), Regional planning and development A significant minority of the U.S. population has will been and continue to be restricted in opportu- The of V The study was conducted to define transit sei nities and choices of activity because of transpor- wnich is designed to provide a development pro- tation deficiencies. The preference of the majority gram for the Rhode Island public transit authority Kugene-Springficld area of 1 ane County. The of auto-owner Americans for detached, dispersed for the years 1970 to 1975. It is coordinated with a dwellings, and of highway oriented employers for long- and short-range transit development program future needs. The scLond was lo identify the p

low density industrial development has combined prepared to complemeni highway improvement in hie , for with political, economic, social and technical con- meeting the Providence-I'awlucket overall trans- problem, including financi straints on mass transit that lead to a decrease in portation needs to 1990. (Author) satisfactory transportation service available to urban, suburban, and rural people. The paper discusses the limited information which describes PB-191 126 travel by poor people as well as some proposed Rhode Island Public Transit Authority. methods for facilitating travel by these people. PROPOSED TRANSIT DEVELOPMENT PRO- (Author) GRAM FOR RHODE ISLAND PUBLIC TRANSIT AUTHORITY: A TECHNICAL STU- DY. VOLUME 2. APPENDIX. 16 Mav69.6.

Cl'rh.in plannin Jan 70, 7Xp Planning Ser-5 Descriptors: (Transportation, 'Rhode Island), Report on Plan Development. Limited number of (Urban planning, Rhode Island). Statistical data. copies containing color other than black and white Passenger vehicles. Population. Traffic. Schedul- are available until stock is exhausted. Reproduc- ing, Cost effectiveness. tions will be made in black and white only See Identifiers: Bus lines. Mass transit systems. also Supplement A, PB-191 124. Providence (Rhode Island). I'awtucket (Rhode Island), Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Arizona). Urban areas. Vehicles, Traffic, Statistical .inalysis. Economics. systems. Identifiers: Rapid transit Area planning towns, plus propos and development, 'Tucson (Arizona).

The report of the Areawide Mass Transit Planning PB-191 127 Study presents historical data on Tucson's growth Smith (Wilbur) and Associali Calif. SAN JOSE - SANTA CLARA C scene with respect to Federal programs and the experience of other cities, and concludes with recommendations for continuing transit service in ,Sep69.230p PB-191 1J4 the Tuscon area. (Author) Development and Dept TRANSIT IN ATLA^NTIC C OLNTV.

ion with Simpson and Cm

44 P

May 3, 1971

Mass Transportation Administration, Washington, PB-191 144 D.C. Limited number of copies containing color Kansas City Area Transportation Authority. Mo. other than black and white are available until stock jnticipated that KCI RAPH) TRANSITWAY: INVESTIGATIONS, is exhausted. Reproductions will be made in black = will approx.n PRELIMINARY PLANS, PROJECT COST. and white only. ic average, Kngincering design rcpl. 23 ,

Descriptors: (*Urban planning, *New Jersey), 1969, 204 (^Transportation, Urban planning). Traffic, Sec also PB-191 145. Prepared in cooperation with Roads, Statistical analysis. Predictions, Costs. Howard, Needles, Tammen and Bcrgcndoff, Kan- Identifiers: Rapid transit systems, Regional PB-191 137 sas City, Mo. Limited number of copies containing planning and development, 'Atlantic County Hollywood City Commission, Fla. color other than black and white are available until Jersey). (New TRANSIT IN SOUTH BROWARD COUNTY: stock is exhausted. Reproductions will be made in TECHNICAL STUDY. black and white only. Contents: Transit in Atlantic County (Atlantic City Transportation Company, Public Service Coor- Mar 69, 103p Descriptors: ('Transportation, Missouri), ('Air- dinated Transport, Atlantic City Jitneymen's As- Prepared in cooperation with Kimley-Horn and ports. Transportation), Traffic, Costs, Predic- sociation), Atlantic City Transportation Company Associates, inc.. West Palm Beach, Fla. Hol- tions, Roads. (Analysis of Operations, Potential Service Im- lywood City Planning Dept., Fla., and Department Identifiers: 'Rapid transit systems. 'Kansas City provements), Public Participation in Transit Ser- of Transportation, Washington, D.C.

Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Florida), The document presents the Preliminary Engineer- Economics, Population, Roads, Maps, Urban ing Design Report summarizing the results of stu- areas. Urban planning. Public opinion. dies for a Rapid Transitway from 12th Street in (he Identifiers: 'Broward County (Florida), Area Central Business District of Kansas City. Missouri planning and development. to Kansas City International Airport. (Author) SOUTH HILLS TRANSIT EXPRESSWAY REVENUE LINE. VOLUME 1. The report deals with the Technical Study of Preliminary engineering rept. Transit in South Broward County for the City of PB-191 145 Hollywood. Florida. Following the inventory and Kansas City Area Transportation Authority, Mo. analysis of the area development, travel desires, KCI RAPID TRANSITWAY: FORECAST OF and bus service, a basic transit system was defined PASSENGERS, REVENUE, OPERATING for the study area. In addition, four alternate pilot COSTS. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Pennsylvania), projects were proposed for possible demonstra- Engineering design rept. Traffic, Roads, Vehicles, Railroad tracks, Air pol- tion in South Broward County. (Author) lution. Feasibility studies, Costs. 1969, \5P Identifiers: *Rapid transit systems, 'Allegheny See also PB-191 I County (Pennsylvania). PB-191 138 Howard, Needles Simpson and Curtin, Philadelphia, Pa. sasCity,Mo. The study defined the system parameters for the FEASIBILITY OF TRANSIT SERVICE IN Transit Expressway Revenue Line and developed GREAT FALLS, MONTANA. demographic and traffic data. It also produced preliminary designs and budgetary estimates of Jun 68,69p total project construction costs, necessary right- Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and d transit systems, *Kansa of-way costs, equipment costs, costs for detailed Urban Development, Washington, D.C. Limited (Mis:

In October 1969 the Preliminary Engineering Re- port was presented. It summarized the results of PB-191 136 studies of location, design and cost for the Rapid Simpson and Curtin. Philadelphia, Pa. Transitway from the Central Business District to TRANSIT SERVICES TO LINK CENTRAL Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Montana), Popu- Kansas City International Airport. The present OMAHA WITH THE SOUTHWEST INDUSTRI- ' Employment, Passenger vehicles, Traffic. document deals with the Forecast of Revenue and AL AREA. Roads', Costs, Urban area.. Expenses for this system. (Author) Identifiers: Area planning and d Mar 69, 33p Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and PB-191 183 Urban Development, Washington, D.C. Limited itudy is to investigate the feasi- Praeger-Kavanagh, New York. number of copies containing color other than black ice in Great Falls. The objec- BUS FEEDER STUDY FOR THE LINDENWOLD and white are available until stock is exhausted. RAPID TRANSIT AND THE CA.MDEN, N.J. Reproductions will be made in black and white e level of service required to provide an attrac METROPOLITAN REGION. only. ve transit system, and the feasibility of providin ansit service with public assistance. (Author)

Descriptors: ('Urban planning. Transportation), r of copies containing color other ('Transportation, Employment), ('Nebraska, Transportation), Urban areas. Passenger vehicles. Costs, Economics, Sociology, Effectiveness. white only. Identifiers: 'Public transportation systems, Omaha (Nebraska). NASSAU COUNTY BUS SYSTEM: AN AN, Descriptors: ('Urban planning. 'New Jersey), SIS OF PRESENT SERVICE. ('Transportation, Urban planning). Traffic. The sellers Technical rept., Roads, Public relations. Costs, Urban areas. provided a wider choice of residential location in Eugene H. Nickerson. Jul 68. 1 12p TR-1 regard to the economic restraints of the journey- Limited number of copies containing color planning and development, 'Transportation feed to-work. The flight from the city center which lines. 'Bus feed lines. created the suburban commuter was followed by hausted. Reproductions will be made in blacl the establishment of suburban shopping centers while only. See also Technical repl. no 2. PI The objective of the study was to establish the and industrial parks. The resulting development 140. requirements for bus feeder service to the pattern has, in turn, increased the need for mobili- Philadelphia-1 indenuold Rapid Transit Line ' ty by scattering shopping and employment oppor- Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'New York). which best serve the needs of the New Jersey cles. Traffic, Roads. Costs, Urban planning. populace while ma.\imizing patronage of the Rail Identifiers: Nassau County (New York). Reg Line. (Author) portation system since it cannot economically ser- planning and development. vice scattered destinations. This analysis proposes e of the transportation problems The purpose of the report is to provide a sy PB-191 184 of core ar h thre Praoi;cr-Kav;,nagh. New York. opening u 10,000 jobs, with easy ac- BUS FFKDFR STL DY FOR THE LINDENWOLD Ifare services and shopping RAPID TRANSIT AND THE CAMDEN. N.J. opportunities at two major suburban centers. In trip will METROPOLITAN REGION. all, 19 trips per day are proposed, providing peak speedy. I. I54p

45 Urban Transportation

Descriptors: (*Urban planning, *New Jersey). The report is an integration of three studies on the Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Management (Transportation, Urban planning). Traffic. county bus system, giving a summary of the planning), ('Programming (Computers), 'Rail- Roads, Public relations. Costs, Urban areas. technical aspects, the economic potentials, and the roads), Computer programs. Simulation, Pro- Economics, Employment, Wages. social implications of the public bus transit system gramming languages. Subroutines, Flow charting. Identifiers: Rapid transit bus systems. Regional in Broome County. The findings constitute a data Mathematical models. planning and development. Land use, *Bus feed resource for future transit system planning and Identifiers: TRANSIM, 'Northeast Corridor, lines. 'Transportation feed lines. policy making. Computer printouts, 'High speed ground transportation. Computerized simulation. Contents: A HISTORY OF TRANSIT IN Camden PB-191 224 and Southern New Jersey, An outline of economic The report describes a computer program Research Corp., Pittsburgh, factors in Camden County, Land use field notes. CONSAD Pa. developed to simulate the operation of a high IMPACT STUDIES: List of attractive centers with approximate popu- NORTHEAST CORRIDOR speed ground transportation mode within the U.S. TRANSPORTATION PROJECT. IV, lations, and Independent feeder lines. VOLUME Northeast Corridor. The program utilizes the PART B. INTRA-II SUMMARY. TRANSIM user language for the simulation in Fmal rept., conjunction with an output processor program Stephen H. Putman, Sarah T. Libson, Fu-chen Lo, PB-19I 195 written specifically to improve the basic Wilbur A. Steger, and Susan Tobey. Feb 70, 229p* Southeastern Michigan Transportation Authority, TRANSIM output format. NECTP-243 This conversion allows Detroit. quicker accessibility Contract DOT-C-1 04-66 to critical analysis variables. REPORT TO SOUTHEASTERN MICHIGAN As a demonstration of the program, a simulation See also Volume 4, Part A, PB-190 938. TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY ON RE- was performed of a 150-mph new rail facility within the Northeast Corridor. The results of GIONAL BUS TRANSPORTATION IN Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), this simulation and the documentation SOUTHEASTERN MICHIGAN. DESCRIPTION ('Urban areas. Statistical analysis). Mathematical of the program OF PRESENT OPERATIONS VOLUME I. models. Population, Wages, Economics, Employ- ment, Programming (Computers), Correlation 1 Apr 69, 83p techniques. Iterative methods. PB-191 488 Prepared in cooperation with Coverdale and Col- Identifiers: 'Northeast Corridor transportation pitts. New York, N.Y. Limited number of copies Creighton, Hamburg, Inc., Bethesda, Md. containing color other than black and white are SOME APPLICATIONS OF ACG/DIME FILES IN TRANSPORTATION available until stock is exhausted. Reproductions The report describes the conceptualization and im- AND REGIONAL PLANNING. will be made in black and white only. plementation of an intraregional location model component of the Northeast Corridor Project re- Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Michigan), Pas- gional impact estimation model system. The pur- senger vehicles. Traffic, Statistical analysis. Pre- pose of this model system, as its predecessor ver- dictions, Urban areas. Rural areas. sion is to forecast, subject to alternative Northeast Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban planning). Identifiers: 'Regional bus transit systems. Corridor transportation systems, the population, Population, Classification, Operations personal income, land use, and economic activity research. Networks. by industrial sector for each of the Corridor's 131 Identifiers: Addresses. PB-191 196 Connecticut State Highway Dept.. Wethersfield. The report reviews possible applications of the Div. of Long Range Planning. coding guide framework (ACG/DIME) being TRANSPORTATION 2020 IN CONNECTICUT. PB-191 366 Voorhees developed by the U.S. Bureau of the Census to Interim rept. (Alan M.) and Associates, Inc.. McLean, Va. various subject areas of interest to the Department A REPORT ON of Transportation. (Author) Sep 69, 116p MODE CHOICE ANALYSIS FOR THE BALTIMORE REGION. Limited number of copies containing color other than black and white are available until stock is ex- PB-191 669 1969, 113p AMV-R-20-1043(921 ) hausted. Reproductions will be made in black and New York State Office of Transportation. Errata sheet included. Prepared in ^operation white only. with Regional Planning Council, Ba VIP TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM FOR THE Sponsored in part by Department of Transporta- CITY OF ROME, NEW YORK. EXTENDING Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Connecticut), tion, Washington, D.C. URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION IN A TYPI- ('Transportation, Urban planning), Roads, Traf- CAL SMALL CITY. fic, Economics, Railroads, Hydrofoils, Short take- Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Maryland), Fmal rept. off planes. Passenger vehicles. Ground effect Mathematical models. Mathematical prediction. machines. Supersonic planes. Regression analysis. Sensitivity, Traffic, Urban Mar69, 83p Identifiers: Regional planning and development. planning. Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and Rapid transit systems. Gas turbine trains. Moving Identifiers: 'Baltimore (Maryland), Sensitivity Urban Development, Washington, D C. sidewalks. Monorails. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban areas), The report presents a long range transportation A major element in the transportation planning ('Passenger vehicles. Feasibility studies), ('New planning. It appraises the present transportation process in larger urban areas such as Baltimore is York, 'New York), Systems engineering. Public system in terms of its ability to meet the social and the prediction of the amount of travel by each of opinion. Decision making. Costs, Effectiveness, Reviews. economic needs of the State in the future; it pro- the major modes - highway and transit. This ele- Identifiers: jects the future needs of the State and the effect of ment becomes especially critical when major long- 'Rome (New York), 'Mass transit systems. Bus lines. Demonstration projects, VIP future innovations upon the ability of the State to term capital investment decisions for transit are contemplated. transportation system. meet these needs; and proposes a concrete pro- The technical process employed in making projections of usage is called gram to ensure the achievement of the transporta- mode modal split since it The purpose of the demonstration program was to tion goals of government. (Author) allocates (splits) the total person travel into three groups - auto driver, auto pas- determine whether a small vehicle designed espe-

senger, and transit. From past work it has been cially for the population and industry characteristics of Rome, New York, and operating on PB-191 207 found that the amount of transit usage depends on the purpose trip, relative fixed routes and fixed schedules, could attract suf- Broome County Planning Board. Binghamton, of the the mobility and choice of ficient patronage to facilitate the movement of N.Y. the tripmaker, the ease of parking at the people, alleviate traffic and parking problems BROOME COUNTY BUS TRANSIT STUDY. and the relative ease of making the and the revilalization of the central EVALUATION, ANALYSIS core. AND RECOMMEN- .uthor) mthor DATIONS.

Jul68,44p PB-191 411 PB-191 677 Prepared in cooperation with State University of TRW Systems Group, Redondo Beach, Calif. Baltimore Planning Commission, Md. Dept. of New York, Binghamton and DeLeuw Gather and SYSTEMS SIMULATION STUDIES. Planning. Associates, New York. Final rept. BALTIMORE REGION RAPID TRANSIT STU-

DY. VOLUME I. BASIC CONSIDERATIONS: IN- Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'New York), ('Ru- Dec 69, 229p 06818-W008-RO00 FRA-RT-70-34 FLUENCE AREA ANALYSIS MODEL. ral areas. Problem solving). Statistical data, Urban Contract DOT-C-353-66 planning. Population. Attitudes, Maintenance, Report on High-Speed Ground Transportation 17Feb 70.45p Costs, Economics, Impact Systems Engineering Study. PORTIONS OF Report on Transit Planning and Impact Study. Identifiers: 'Bus lines, 'Broome County (New THIS DOCUMENT ARE NOT FULLY LEGI- Prepared for Regional Planning Council, Bal- York). BLE. timore, Md. See also Volume 2, PB-191 678.

46 May 3, 1971

Descriptors; (*Transportation, 'Urban areas), The report represents information concerning all PB-192 085 (Maryland, Transportation), Models (Simula- modes of transportation within the County, and in East-West Gateway Coordinating Council, East

tions), Railroads, Terrain, Costs, Economics, the adjoining areas: existing and proposed major St. Louis, III. Transformations, Buildings, Law, Reports, Feasi- highway routes, bus passenger service, rail, air, TRANSPORTATION STUDY FOR SOUTHERN bility studies. water; and the utilities, electric power, telephone, ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY: EDWARDSVILLE Identifiers: *Rapid transit systems, 'Baltimore and pipelines. The report also reviews the trans- CAMPUS, (Maryland), Area planning and development. Zon- portation planning work currently underway by John J. Murphy. Jan 70, 36p EWG-JM-0132.10.0 ing. the New York State Department of Transporta- Prepared in cooperation with Southern Illinois tion. (Author) Univ., Edwardsville. The major points discussed in this report are the cost of the rapid transit system's construction; the Descriptors: ('Transportation, Students), CU- within creation of new competitive forces the re- PB-191 931 niversities, Illinois), Urban planning. Predictions, making substantial changes in the accessi- gion by Slash Pine Area Planning and Development Com- Questionnaires, Data processing systems. Statisti- bility patterns and thus changing established land mission, Waycross, Ga. cal analysis. Classification. value patterns and trends; development of a pat- FUTURE LAND USE AND THOROUGHFARE Identifiers: 'Southern Illinois University, Travel tern which will have large benefits to the public; PLAN FOR COFFEE COUNTY, GEORGIA. goals which must be developed to deal with the particular requirements of station areas; station Feb70,34p The report presents the results of a college trans- area planning; and legal tools to achieve the kind Prepared in cooperation with Georgia State portation survey. It discusses the purpose of con- of station area development required to benefit the Planning Bureau, Atlanta. ducting school transportation studies in the St. transit service and to capitalize upon the opportu- Louis Area and gives the reasons why information nity for new investment. (Author) Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Georgia), Roads, on school related travel was needed. The methods Transportation, Maps. used to collect data are outlined. The manner in Identifiers: 'Regional planning and development, which the information was factored and sum- PB-191 678 'Coffee County (Georgia), Land use. marized is discussed. The resultant information is Baltimore Planning Commission, Md. Dept. of being used for forecast purposes. (Author) The document presents a analysis of fu- BALTIMORE REGION RAPID TRANSIT STU- report and ture land use needs for Coffee County through DY. VOLUME II. STATION AREA 086 PROPOSALS: NORTHWEST LINE. 1990. A major thoroughfare plan to 1990 is also in- PB-192 cluded. Maps depict those areas involved in both East-West Gateway Coordinating Council, East St. Louis, 111. 1970, 94p future land use and transportation plan. (Author) Report on Transit Planning and Impact Study. TRANSPORTATION STUDY FOR THE Prepared for Regional Planning Council, Bal- UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI, ST. LOUIS, PB-192 006 John J. Murphy. Jan 70, 29p EWG-JM-0I33.10.3 timore, Md. See also Volume I , PB-191 677. Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc., Chicago, 111. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban areas), COMMUTER PARKING AT HIGHWAY IN- Descriptors: ('Students, Transportation), ('Trans- ('Maryland, Transportation), Reports, Feasibility TERCHANGES. portation, 'Missouri), ('Universities, Transporta- studies. Railroads, Terrain, Population, Statistical Research rept. tion), Reviews, Classification, Statistical data. data. Maps, Site selection. Data processing systems. Analysis, Mathematical Identifiers: 'Rapid transit systems, 'Baltimore Mar 70, 122p (Maryland), Railroad stations. Contract FH-1 1-6956 Identifiers: 'University of Missouri, 'Saint Louis (Missouri), Travel mode. In each of two major consultant studies which Descriptors: ('Passenger vehicles. Storage), have investigated the feasibility of developing a ('Roads, Urban areas), ('Transportation, Problem The report discusses the purpose of conducting rapid transit system for the Baltimore region, one solving), Urban planning. Reviews, Factor analy- school transportation studies in the St. Louis area particular corridor has been identified as a desira- sis. Hazards, Terrain. and gives the reasons why information on school ble route for such service. The evaluation of alter- Identifiers: 'Commuter parking facilities. In- related travel was needed. The methods used to native routes within the various transit corridors is terchanges. collect data are outUned. The manner in which this described in detail. (Author) information was factored and summarized for the The study analyzes data collected at 55 in- University of Missouri also is discussed. The terchanges in 7 states on the extent of use and resultant travel information from the survey is PB-191 832 potential demand for parking at interchanges for being used to analyze current school travel and to Oakland City Planning Dept., Calif. the purpose of either car pooling or transferring to forecast future school travel. (Author) BART IMPACT: 5 OAKLAND STATION transit. The survey indicated that the greatest in- AREAS. cidence of commuter parking in interchange areas occurred primarily in urbanized northeastern and PB-192 152 Jul 69, 120p OCPD-200 middle-Atlantic sections of this country. Areas Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Md. Applied having a combination of high CBD parking costs Physics Lab. Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), and existing congestion on CBD approach routes TECHNICAL REVIEW OF THE AERIAL ('Urban planning, 'California), Railroads, Ter- offer the greatest potential for a successful transit- TRANSIT SYSTEM. rain, Economics, Law, Traffic, Population. fringe parking demonstration. Transportation programs rept.. Identifiers: use, area rapid transit Land 'Bay R. W. Blevins. Jun 70, 34p* APL-TPR-005 system, 'Oakland (California), Zoning, Railroad development, stations, 'Area planning and BART PB-192 079 Descriptors: ('Passenger vehicles. Reviews), East-West Gateway Coordinating Council, East ('Transportation, Reviews), Tires, Flexible struc-

St. Louis, 111. tures. Railroad tracks. Aerodynamic charac- The report investigates the likely impact of rapid FREIGHT TERMINAL CHARACTERISTICS RELATED TO GROUND TRANSPORTATION Identifiers: 'Rapid transit railways, 'Aerial transit Oakland stations. The study area for each station ACCESS. systems. Vehicle guideways. consists of what is considered a convenient walking distance from the station, generally a one- Jan 70, 67p EWG-CV-0131 .10.0 The report presents the principal results of a quarter to one-half mile radius around the station Prepared in cooperation with Voorhees (Alan M.) technical evaluation of the Aerial Transit System. and Associates, Inc. and Crawford, Bunte, Roden, The results of this evaluation indicate the principal problem to be that of vehicle-guideway dynamics and ride quality. The remainder of the system is PB-191 903 Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban areas), essentially state-of-the-art and presents Rensselaer County Dept. of Planning and Promo- no techni- ('Cargo, Handling), ('Traffic, 'Roads), Site selec- cal problems other than those normally associated tion, Troy, N.Y. TRANSPORTATION: RENSSELAER COUNTY tion. Impact, Control systems. Terrain, Manage- with the introduction of new equipment. (Author) ment planning. PLANNING BOARD, 1968. Identifiers: 'Terminal freight facilities. Parking Louis (Missouri). PB-192 190 1969, 54p facilities. Zoning, 'Saint San Diego County Comprehensive Planning Or- Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'New York), Development and analysis are presented of the St. ganization, Calif. ('Transportation, Urban planning). Management Louis area freight terminal (truck terminals and TRANSIT SURVEY. planning. Roads, Railroads. Air transportation. trailer-on-flat-car terminals) characteristics which Vehicles, Water traffic. relate to highway transportation demand - truck Mar70.93pJob-6l03 Identifiers: Regional planning and development, traffic generation, truck traffic peaking, and truck Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and 'Rensselaer County (New York). and auto parking requirements. (Author) Urban Development. Washington. D.C.

47 Urban Transportation

(' Dcscripliirs: Traffic, Urban areas), ('Passenger A study of the literature on human sensitivity to mass transit system that is consistent with long- VL'liii-lcs. Slatistical data), Stalislical analysis, whole-body vibration was made to find valid range comprehensive regional planning. A prime SocKildgy, Waycs, Kconomics, Periodic varia- vibration limits for use in urban mass transporta- objective of the Council's comprehensive planning Advanced planning. lions, Molivation, tion systems. Ninety references were reviewed. program is to achieve a regional transportation Identifiers: San Diego County. Kmphasis was given to studies that involved subsystem that meets population demands of accessi- jective estimates of vibration severity and to bility and level of service to desired opportunities This study was designed and executed by the staff original experimental data, as contrasted with of socio-economic activity. Hence, this study pro- of the Comprehensive Planning Organization (C- derived recommendations. It was that found the vides for an inventory and analysis of existing I'O). Transportation planning has long been recog- major part of the relevant data comes only from a local transit systems, the determination of regional nized by CPO as one of its major tasks. In order to few studies in which the results have been largely transit objectives, a 'Short-Range Regional Transit develop transportation plans it is necessary to divergent. (Author) Improvement Program' and for a 'Regional Mass identify and understand the existing structures in Transit Study Design.' The Council, published the the County for transporting people and materials. results of this study in three reports. This report This survey is intended to contribute to that un- PB-192 404 deals with the transit inventory and analysis, re- derstanding by providing a clearer picture of the Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council, St. Pc gional objectives and short-range improvement present role of public transit in the County and by program. (Author) supplying the background information necessary MASS TRANSIT IN THK TAMPA BAY REGH for the formulation of policy decisions and the development of transit plans for the future. PB-1 ! 466 (Author) 1970, 12P Richmond Regional Planning District Commis- sion, Va. Descriptors: ('Urban areas. Transportation I ('Transportation, Management planning). Urban RICHMOND REGIONAL AREA TRANSPORTA- planning, Florida, Reviews. TION STUDY: VOLUME I. CURRENT AND Identifiers: 'Mass transportation. Passenger trans- PROJECTED TRAVEL PATTERNS. portation. Urban transportation. May 67, 194p Prepared in cooperation with Smith (Wilbur) and May 70, 32p CK-KPDO-70-55 Associates and Virginia Dept. of Highways, Traf- Prepared in cooperation with Scruggs and Ham- fic and Planning Div., Richmond, Va. See also mond, Inc., Lexington, Ky. and Benton Plannmg Volume 2, PB-192 467.

Commission, Ky. PB-1 ! 405 Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council, St. Peter- Descriptors: ('Urban areas. Transportation), Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Kentucky), sburg, Hla. ('Transportation, Management planning). Traffic, ('Terrain, Commerce), Urban areas. Reviews, TAMPA BAY MASS TRANSIT: PLANNIN(; FOR Statistical analysis, Volume, Virginia. Analysis. Traffic, Predictions. TOMORROW. Identifiers: Regional planning and development, Identifiers: Zoning, Benton (Kentucky), 'Area Summary rcpl no, ;!Dof 1969 Work Program. 'Traffic engineering. Traffic patterns, 'Traffic plannuig and development. Central city, 'Com- surveys, Richmond (Virginia). mercial areas. Parking facilities. Apr 70, }}p Prepared in cooperation with TRW Systems The objective of the study was the research, study The commercial areas and parking study is an Group, Washington, D C. and analysis of traffic patterns, travel volumes and analysis of the existing and future commercial transportation facilities, including public transit; areas and parking requirements in the city of Descriptors: ('Urban areas. Transportation), and, population, land use, economics, and other Benton. The location, function, and problems of ('Transportation, Management planning). Urban related elements. (Author) the commerical areas and parking situation are planning, Florida, Analysis. analyz.cd, and recommendations concerning future Identifiers: 'Mass transportation, Pa.ssenger trans- improvements are included. (Author) portation. Urban transportation. Rapid transit

PB-192 244 The mass transit study described in this report was RICHMOND REGIONAL AREA TRANSPORTA- undertaken Kentucky Program Development Office, Frank- for the primary purpose of defining the TION STUDY: VOLUME II. HIGHWAY TRANS- fort. Div. of Planning. 'transit potential' of the Tampa Bay Region and PORTATION PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PARKING STUDY: CITY OF BENTON, KEN- constructing a Mass Transit Study Program to in- PROGRAM. TUCKY. crementally improve present transit service and to evaluate, select, and implement a new TBR transit May 68. 148p 70,40pCK-KPD()-70-.'i6 system will May which serve as one component of a Prepared in cooperation with Smith (Wilbur) and Prepared in cooperation with Scruggs and Ham- balanced ground transportation system. The Associates and Virginia Dept. of Highways, Traf- mond, Inc., Lexington, Ky. and Benton Planning analyses indicate that, if development continues fic and Planning Div., Richmond. Va. See also according to current trends, financial and planning Volume PB-192 468.

irs: ('Urban planning, 'Kentucky), Descriptors: ('Urban areas. Transportation), 'Urban areas), Passenger vehicles, tap' the (• Transportation, Management planning). Traffic, hides. 1 Roads, Analysis, Statistical data, the Roads. Design, Costs, Virginia. d planning. Population, Commerce, Diur- will h Identifiers: Regional planning and development, public aid and also changes in development upon •Traffic engineering, Richmond (Virginia). trends, towards higher density development and Highway planning. Highways. towards a highway system that would be comple- mentary to rather than in competition with a new The recommended plan is the result of a com- The parking study is an analysis of the existing and system, (Author) prehensive study and testing of three trial net- future parking requirements in the city of Benton. works. Recommendations are based on traffic de- I he loc.ilion, function, and problems of the park- mand, design criteria, estimated costs, and the ing situation are analyzed, and recommendations PB-192 409 needs developed from an evaluation of growth Bay ning C estimates and land-use parameter projections. MAS% TRANSIT CONCEPTS OF THE TAMPA Design criteria for the plan generally conform to BAY REGION. geometric design policies of the American As- sociation of State Highway Officials. Develop- Comprehensive rept. no. pts. A, li, C, of the 1969-70 Work Program. ment costs are calculated on the basis of current unit values. Final costs are highly dependent on HUMAN SENSITIVITY TO WHOLE-BODY Apr 70. 79p the timing of right-of-way acquisition and con- VIBRATION IN URBAN TRANSPORTATION struction. The total estimated costs is around SYSTEMS: A LITERATURE REVIEW. SJ.'^O.OOO.OOO. (Author)

PB-192 468

RICHOMOND REGIONAL AREA TRANSPOR- TATION STUDY: VOLUME III. PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION - AN EVALUATION OF

48 May 3, 1971

SERVICE LEVELS AND PATRONS' DEMANDS. PB-192 493 ilors; ('Urban planning. Terrain), ('Trans- )n. 'Urban areas). Mathematical models, May68,202p and RetMonal Studies. nining (Computers), Economics, Oecision in cooperation with Prepared Smith (Wilbur) and TRANSPORTATION AND CENTRAL ( ITY Associates, and Virginia Dept. of Highways, Traf- UNEMPLOYMENT. Identifiei : models. Computer models. fic and Planning Div., Richmond, Va. See also Working paper, Volume 2, PB-192 467 and Volume 5, PB-192 469. Edward D. Kalachek, and John M. Goering. Mar I'he documcnl covers Ihe use of computer models 70, 24.3p' INS-.S in planning for land development and transporta- areas. Descriptors: ('Urban Transportation), Contract HUD-H-1034 tion facilities in metropolitan areas. The discussion (*Transportati

1, Va. PB-192 506 RICHMOND REGIONAL AREA TRANSPORTA- TRW Systems, Redondo Beach, Calif. TION STUDY: VOLUME V. RECOMMENDED HIGH SPEED RAIL SYSTEMS. PB-192 715 THOROUGHFARE PLAN-STREET INVENTO- San Diego County Comprehensive Planning Or- RY, FUNCTIONAL PLANS, AND COST ESTI- Feb 70, 608p* 06818-6037-ROOO FRA-RT-70-36 ganization, Calif. MATES. Contract DOT-C-353-66 TRANSIT DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND PRO- Report on High-Speed Ground Transportation GRAM. May 68,237p Systems Engineering Study. Prepared in cooperation with Smith (Wilbur) and Jun 70, 273pJob-6240 Associates, and Virginia Dept. of Highways, Traf- Descriptors: ('Transportation, Railroads), ('Rail- Prepared in cooperation with Voorhees (Alan M.) fic and Planning Div., Richmond, Va. See also roads, Design), Railroad cars. Railroad tracks. and Associates, Inc.. McLean. Va.. rept. no. Volume 1, PB-192 466. Electric propulsion. Brakes, Control systems. AMV-R-.'i0-1108. Power supplies. Suspension devices, Accelera-

Descriptors: ('Urban areas. Transportation), Descriptors: (' I ransportation. 'California). Vehi- ('Transportation, Management planning). Roads, Identifiers; 'High speed rail systems. Rapid transit cles, Statistical analysis. Management planning Traffic, Costs, Virginia. railways. Terminal facilities. High speed ground Mathematical models. Identifiers; Regional planning and development, transportation systems. Identifiers: 'Rapid transit systems. 'San Diego Richmond (Virginia), 'Traffic engineering. County (California). 'Bus lines. The application of steel-wheel-on-steel rail trained Inventory of 1964 existing and vehicles to intercity passenger transportation at The report presents a Development Plan and Pro- highway system; preliminary ind grade plar speeds of 200 to 300 mph is examined. The physi- gram for the San Diego Transit Corporation. It is for specified proposed new lacm cal and human constraints, and the framework of presented in 1 1 sections, followed by three appen- mates for all recommended impro dices. The sections are the following: The transit 1980 thoroughfare plan. Majoi survey; Operational analysis; Transit manage- highways in the Richmond area ; gled out and considered in the light of the higher ment; Model development; Future transit net- alphabetically by jurisdiction, speec . The c work: Fen-year expansion program; Innovative described by its (1) phy propulsi( power, ispensii techniques; Demonstration project candidates; 1964 average daily traffic and capacity, and (3) as- guidewa System priorities and costs, and Continuing transit signed 1980 daily traffic volumes. Preliminary planning process. functional plans, developed through an evaluation of projected traffic v.ilnni,..,jmes and:inrl roadwayrii:iHw:iv ssiTlions adequate capacity, are ies. Typical cross secti( r Spring. Md. .Applied

,, Washington. D.C. Pro- jsed. suggested iniplci nents on widening .•!

49 5

Urban Transportation

systems. Structural parts, Human engineering, URBAN GRAVITY-VACUUM TRANSIT beneath an enclosed beam. Stations are on-line. Scheduling, Maintainability, Reliability (Elec- SYSTEM: MARK 4B AND MARK 3B BASELINE Switches are in the track. Vehicles can be en- tronics), Feasibility studies. Advanced planning. SYSTEM DEFINITIONS. trained. Electric propulsion is used. The system Identifiers: High speed rail transportation, *Sky- evolved from the French SAFEGE system. Kar transivator system, Guideways, Urban trans- (UMTA abstract) portation, 'Monorail transit systems. May 70, 143p* APL/JHU-TCR-004 Contract DOT-UT-29 The report describes an engineering baseline Prepared in cooperation with Tube Transit Corp. PB-192 733 definition of an urban transportation circulation Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Md. Applied Descriptors: (Transportation, and distribution system consisting of small (6-pas- Urban areas), Physics Lab. BASELINE DEFINITION: senger) vehicles riding on rubber tires beneath a SYSTEM THE AERI- (Pipes, Underground structures). Feasibility stu- AL TRANSIT SYSTEM. wide-flange I-beam guideway. Switches are in dies. Gate valves. Gravity, Pressure, Velocity, Transportation contractor rept. guideway and control stations are off line. Propul- Braking, Control systems. Safety. sion is regulated by electric power. Identifiers: Transit stations, Engineering baseline Jan 70, 204p' APL/JHU-TCR-001 definitions. Tube transit systems, 'Gravity Contract DOT-UT-29 vacuum transit systems, Mark 3B transit system. Prepared in cooperation with Aerial Transit PB-192 728 Differential air pressure propulsion. Rapid transit Systems, Inc. Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Md. Applied systems, Mark 4B transit system. Physics Lab. Descriptors: (Transportation, Urban areas), THE VARO MONOCAB SYSTEM: A BASELINE An engineering baseline definition of an urban fast (•Passenger vehicles, Feasibility studies), ('Cable DEFINITION. transit link transportation system consisting of assemblies. Suspension devices). Operators (Per- Transportation contractor rept. vehicles riding on steel wheels in underground sonnel), Electric propulsion. Scheduling, Model evacuated steel tubes, using gravity and dif- tests, Airports, Operation, Structures, Main- 1 24p* May 70, APL/JHU-TCR-009 ferential air pressure for propulsion and braking. Contract DOT-UT-29 Identifiers: Stations are on-line. No switching is required. 25K Transit fares. Engineering baseline Prepared in cooperation with VARO, Inc., Trans- and 50K/hour capacities are discussed. (UMTA definitions, •Aerial transit system, 'Cable portation Systems Div. suspended transit systems. Rapid transit systems, Guideways. Descriptors: (*Transportation, Urban areas), (Passenger vehicles. Experimental design), PB-192 731 An engineering baseline definition is given of an urban fast transit link transportation (Suspension devices. Structures), Control Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Md. Applied system consisting of large vehicles riding on rubber wheels systems. Electric propulsion. Safety, Operation, Physics Lab. beneath a flexible, cable-suspended steel Beams (Structural), Control panels. Acceleration, TECHNICAL EVALUATION OF ADVANCED guideway. Tower spacing is mile. driver is Braking. URBAN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: SUM- 1/4 A used. Stations are on line. Electric propulsion is Identifiers: Engineering baseline definitions, MARY REPORT. Transportation programs rept., used. Application to an airport is discussed. •Monorail transit systems. Transit switching R. A. Makofski. Jun 63p* (UMTA abstract) equipment, *Monocab transit system, Guideways. 70, APL/JH U-TPR-01 Contract DOT-UT-29

An engineering baseline definition is given of an PB-192 734 Descriptors: (Transportation, Urban areas), urban circulation and distribution transportation Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, (Passenger vehicles. Experimental design). Md. Applied system consisting of small vehicles riding on Physics Systems engineering. Reviews, Control systems. Lab. rubber tires beneath an overhead monorail Communication systems, Surface propulsion. DASHAVEYOR TRANSIT AND CARGO guideway. Switches are in the vehicle, stations are Braking, Structures. SYSTEMS: A BASELINE DEFINITION. off-line. Electric propulsion is used. ab- Transportation contractor rept. (UMTA Identifiers: Evaluation, Rapid transit systems. Mass transit systems. Structures, Transit May 189p' APL/JHU-TCR-006 switching equipment, Guideways. 70, Contract DOT-UT-29 PB-192 729 Prepared in cooperation with The Dashaveyor Co. A summary is presented of the results of a techni- Silver Johns Hopkins Univ., Spring, Md. Applied cal evaluation of ten proposed urban transporta- Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), Physics Lab. tion systems, with emphasis on the problems com- (•Passenger vehicles. Design), Cargo vehicles, SCHERER MONOBEAM SUSPENSION CON- mon to a majority of the systems. Four of the Control systems. Electric propulsion. Structural CEPT OF MASS TRANSPORTATION. systems are fast transit link - high-speed poinl-to- parts. Feasibility Transportation contractor rept. Communication systems, stu- tribution types - varied origin-to-destination ser- Identifiers: 'Dashaveyor transit systems, May 70, 60p* APL/JHU-TCR-003 vices for high-density urban applications. The •Guideways, Routing, Engineering baseline Contract DOT-UT-29 principal problem revealed is the design and definitions. Automatic control equipment. Prepared in cooperation with Scherer Monobeam development of control systems for short headway Co. operations. (UMTA abstract) An engineering baseline definition is given of an urban transportation circulation and distribution Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas). system consisting of small vehicles riding on PB-192 732 (Passenger vehicles. Systems engineering). Con- rubber wheels above a dual rail guideway. Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Md. Applied figuration, Design, Power equipment. Suspension Switches are on-board. Stations are off-hne. Elec- Physics Lab. devices. Control systems, Structural parts. tric propulsion is used. (UMTA abstract) Specifications, Costs, Interfaces, Feasibility stu- GENERAL ELECTRIC AERIAL TRANSPORT dies. Advanced planning. SYSTEM: A BASELINE DEFINITION. Transportation contractor rept. Identifiers: High speed rail transportation, PB-192 736 Scherer monobeam system, Guideways, Urban Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Md. Applied May 70, 327p^ APL/JHU-TCR-002 transportation, Monorail transit systems. Physics Lab. Contract DOT-UT-29 GRAVITY-VACUUM TRANSIT SYSTEM: Prepared in cooperation with General Electric Co. The report describes an engineering baseline BASELINE DEFINITION OF AIRPORT ACCESS Transit Systems Dept. definition of an urban fast transit link transporta- AND CORRIDOR SYSTEMS. Transportation contractor rept. tion system consisting of large vehicles riding on Descriptors; (Transportation, Urban areas), steel wheels along either side of a narrow central (Passenger vehicles. Feasibility studies), May 70. 91p' APL/JHU-TCR-005 beam on two rails, one vertically above the other. (Suspension devices. Structures), Structural Contract DOT-UT-29 Upper trucks provide one horizontal force couple parts. Electric propulsion. Human engineering. Prepared in cooperation with Tube Transit Corp. to prevent cars from overturning and lower trucks Test methods. Mathematical models. Human en- provide other couple element and provide vertical gineering. Braking, Control systems. Systems en- Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), support for vehicle weight. The switch is moving gineering. ('Pipes, Underground structures). Feasibility stu- beam type, on track. Stations are off-line. Propul- Identifiers: 'Monorail transit systems, 'General dies. Gravity, Pressure, Passenger vehicles, Gate sion is by electricity. A low speed central business Electric aerial transport system. Engineering valves, Pneumatic systems. Airports, Railroad district system is also discussed. (UMTA abstract) baseline definitions. Transit stations. Rapid transit cars. Velocity. systems, Guideways. Identifiers: Corridor systems, 'Differential air pressure propulsion, 'Gravity vacuum transit PB-192 730 An engineering baseline definition is given of an systems. Engineering baseline definitions. Cross- Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Md. Applied urban fast transit link transportation system con- porting systems. Rapid transit systems. Airport Physics Lab. sisting of large vehicles riding on rubber tires access systems. Tube transit systems.

50 1

May 3, 1971

Gravity-vacuum transit (GVT) is a passenger Prepared in cooperation with Transportation Individual technical evaluations of the following transportation system employing gravity and Technology, Inc. six proposed C and D systems arc given: Varo vacuum for propulsion. The report describes GVT Monocab System; Westinghouse Vehicle System; for airport access and corridor applications. The Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), Transportation Technology System; Sky-Kar report concentrates on those features of airport (•Passenger vehicles. Experimental design), ('In- Transivator System; Alden StaRRcar; Dashavcyor access and corridor GVT that differ from or are duction motors. Propulsion), ('Ground effect Transit System. The report responds to the stated not present in Urban GVT. The use of a gate valve machines. Passenger vehicles). Programming objectives of the UMTA evaluation study which is and crossporting between tubes for long stages is (Computers), Flow charting. Control systems. to assess the technological maturity of the discussed and the resulting pneumatic cycle is Mathematical analysis. Braking, Maintenance, systems, to identify potential technical problems, described. Baseline configurations for Airport Ac- Malfunctions, Reliability, Safety, Human en- and to recommend, where appropriate, necessary cess and Corridor systems are defined and per- gineering. development of the system or important com- formance data is presented. (Author) Identifiers: Engineering baseline definitions, ponents. 'Transportation Technology transit system. Linear induction motor propulsion. Transit PB-192 737 PB-192 784 Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Md. Applied ment, Guideways. Institute of Public Administration. Washington. Physics Lab. D.C. ALDEN CAPSULE TRANSIT SYSTEM CON- An engineering baseline definition is given of an TRACK-SHARING FOR URBAN TRANSPOR- TROL SUBSYSTEM AND BASELINE DEFINI- urban transportation circulation and distribution TATION. TION. system consisting of small vehicles riding atop Final rept., Transportation contractor rept. smooth, shallow U-shaped guideways, employing Ralph Rechel, Frank Graves, John Garcia, air pad suspension and linear induction motor Wilham Jewell, and Richard Swerzy. 30 Jan 70. May 70, 295p* APL/JHU-TCR-01 propulsion. Stations make use of a random access 150p' lNPUBADM-70-01 Contract DOT-UT-29 and storage procedure with lateral docking move- Contract DOT-UT-24 Prepared in cooperation with Alden Self-Transit ments. Switches are on the vehicle, stations off- Systems Corp. line. The application to CBD is discussed. (UMTA Descriptors: ('Railroad tracks. Urban planning), (Passenger vehicles. Feasibility studies), Trans- Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), portation, Scheduling, Costs, Problem solving, (Passenger vehicles, Systems engineering). Ex- Signal lights. Safety, Management planning. perimental design. Electric propulsion. Pave- PB-192 758 Identifiers: Railroad track sharing, Railbuses, ments, Tires, Control systems. Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Applied Programming Md. Dual mode vehicles. (Computers), Feasibility studies. Communication Physics Lab. FAST TRANSIT LINK SYSTEMS. TECHNICAL The study covers the potential use of existing Identifiers: Alden capsule transit system. En- DEFINITIONS. REVIEWS OF FOUR BASELINE under-utilized railway tracks in urban areas for gineering baseline definitions, Guideways, Mass Transportation programs rept., passenger movements to the center city. Examina- transit systems. Automatic control equipment. R. W. Blevins, J. S. O'Connor, S. J. Brown, Jr., tion is made of the implications of instituting such and W. C. Caywood. Jun 70, 153p' APL/JHU- service either by dual-mode railbus or by conven- An engineering baseline definition is given of an TPR-016 tional rail equipment. The substantial vehicle urban transportation circulation and distribution Contract DOT-UT-29 development in railbuses is reviewed. (Author) system consisting of small vehicles riding on rubber tires atop a concrete roadbed. Guidance Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), and switching are road-side guide-follower con- ('Passenger vehicles. Experimental design), by PB-192 833 trols linked to vehicle steering mechanism. Sta- Reviews, Operation, Feasibility studies. Systems Union County Planning Board, N.J. tions are off-line. Electric propulsion is used. engineering. Control systems. Propulsion, UNION COUNTY TRANSPORTATION STUDY: (UMTA abstract) Problem solving. Human engineering. Communi- SECTION I: SIGNAL SYSTEM EVALUATION. cation systems. Structures, Mechanical proper- SECTION II: COUNTY ROAD STANDARDS. ties. Electrical properties. SECTION III: ANALYSIS OF MASS TRANSIT PB-192 738 Identifiers: Evaluation, Engineering baseline FACILITIES. SECTION IV: ANALYSIS OF AIR- Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Md. Applied PORT FACILITIES. SECTION V: EFFECT OF systems. Gravity vacuum transit systems. Physics Lab. LAND USE ALTERNATIVES ON TRAFFIC. A WESTINGHOUSE VEHICLE SYSTEM FOR SECOND YEAR WORK PROGRAM. MAJOR ACTIVITY CENTERS: A BASELINE Interim rept. SYSTEM DEFINITION. Fast Transit Link (FTL) systems can serve a use- Transportation contractor rept. ful transportation function by providing a point-to- May 70, 102p point or line haul service as, for example, from a Prepared in cooperation with Purcell (James P.) May 70, 476p* APL/JHU-TCR-010 central business district to the suburbs or an air- Contract DOT-UT-29 port. The report contains individual technical Prepared in cooperation with Westinghouse Elec- evaluations of four proposed FTL systems: Aerial Descriptors: ('Management planning. New Jer- tric Corp., Transportation Div., Pittsburgh, Pa. Transit System; Aerial Transport System; Gravi- ty-Vacuum-Transit System; Scherer Monobeam sey), ('New Jersey, 'Transportation), Visual signals. Traffic, Roads, Rural areas. Standards, Descriptors; ('Transportation, Urban areas), Concept (Scherer Monobeam Co.). The report Railroads, Passenger vehicles. Airports, Terrain, ('Passenger vehicles. Feasibility studies). Pave- responds to the stated objectives of the UMTA Selection, Analysis. ments, Idler wheels, Electric propulsion, Air con- evaluation study, which is to access the technolog- Identifiers: 'Union County (New Jersey), 'Area ditioning equipment. Cargo vehicles. Airports, ical maturity of the systems, to identify potential planning and development, 'Transportation Costs, Structures, Maintenance, Communication technical problems, and to recommend, where ap- management. Traffic signals. Road standards. systems. propriate, necessary development of the systems Mass transit systems. Land use. Airport facilities. Identifiers: 'Westinghouse vehicle system. En- or important components. gineering baseline definitions, I beams, The report summarizes the second year work pro- 'Guideways, Fare collection. Parking facilities. PB-192 759 gram regarding transportation and includes sections on Signal System Evaluation, County Road An engineering baseline definition is given of an Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Spring, Md. Applied Standards, Analysis of Mass Transit Facilities, urban transportation circulation and distribution Physics Lab. Analysis of Airport Facilities, and the Effect of system consisting of moderate-sized vehicles rid- COLLECTION AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS: Land Use Alternatives on Traffic. (Author) ing on rubber tires atop a concrete guideway. TECHNICAL REVIEWS OF SIX BASELINE Guidance is by idler wheels bearing against an I- DEFINITIONS. beam in the center of the tracks. Switching is in the Transportation programs rept., PB-192 834 track. Stations are on-line. Electric propulsion is E.J, Hinman. S. J. Brown, Jr., F. F. Mark, G. Middlesex County Planning Board. New Brun- used. Application to an airport is discussed. Pitts, and R. S. Carlson. Jun 70, 143p' APL/JHU- swick, N.J. (UMTA abstract) TPR-017 Contract DOT-UT-29 MIDDLESEX COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING STUDY: AN ANALYSIS OF PB-192 739 Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), HIGHWAY PLANS. Johns Hopkins Univ., Silver Sprmg, Md. Applied ('Passenger vehicles. Experimental design). Physics Lab. Reviews, Dynamics, Feasibility studies. Systems TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY DIS- engineering. Control systems. Propulsion, Idler May 70, 105p TRIBUTION SYSTEM FOR A HIGH DENSITY wheels. Human engineering. Communication Prepared in cooperation with Voorhees (Alan M.l URBAN AREA: A BASELINE DEFINITION. systems. Safety. Structures. and Associates, Inc., McLean. Va. Transportation contractor rept. Identifiers: Evaluation, Engineering baseline definitions, 'Rapid transit systems. Monorail Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'New Jersey). transit systems. ('Roads, Urban planninc). Mathematical predic- May 70, 222p* APL/JHU-TCR-008 transit systems. Gravity vacuum Contract DOT-UT-29 Linear induction motor propulsion. tion. Population, Terrain, Traffic. Air pollution.

5T Urban Transportation

Site selection. Safely. Rural areas. Decision mak- Statistical data, Passenger vehicles. Humans, Hn- ing. Noise, Motor vehicle accidents. Impact. vironment. Predictions, Costs, Management Identifiers: *Middlesex County (New Jersey), planning. Reports. Regional planning, Land use. Identifiers: Management information systems, Oct 68, 55p DATA project. Downtown Agency for Transpor- Prepared m cooperation with Connec. purpose of the memorandum is to describe the The tation Action, Pedestrians, 'Cleveland (Ohio). Highway Dept. and Bureau of Public R( various transportation findings and implications Computerized simulation. Washington, D.C. related to the Middlesex County land use projections for 1985 and 2000. These findings will pro- Project DATA is a collaborative approach to the Descriptors: (Urban areas. Transporlal vide the background for a land use and transporta- development of a continuous process for improv- ('Transportation, 'Connecticut), Railroad tr; tion - highway and transit - development strategy ing the high-density movement of people and Vehicles. Feasibility studies. Costs. and for the eventual adoption of an implementa- goods within downtown Cleveland. The project Identifiers: 'Rail bus transit systems. Rapid tr tion program for Middlesex County. (Author) was conceived as a three-phase study. The results

of Phase 1 are presented in the report. (Author)

The purpose of the study was to determine the 5-192 930 feasibility of instituting express bus service Cor nmg PB-192 951 between suburban areas and the central business Hartford. Downtown Agency for Transportation Action. district of Hartford. The manner contemplated to INVENTORY OF RAIL LINES SERVING Cleveland, Ohio. URBAN AREAS OF CONNECTICUT, PROJECT DATA (DOWNTOWN AGENCY FOR supply this service was the running of bus vehicles over a lightly traveled railroad track, extending Sidney A. Kahn, and Mario Tonarelli. Dec 68, 54p TRANSPORTATION ACTION). VOLUME 2: from the Bloomfield-Windsor town line to Prepared in cooperation with Connecticut TECHNICAL REPORT. the downtown area of Hartford. (Author) Highway Dept. Final rept.

Descriptors: (*Urban planning, *Connecticut), May 69, 256p

(Railroads, Urban planning). Railroad tracks. See also Volume 1 . PB-192 950 and Volume 3 PB- Traffic, Transportation, Statistical analysis. 192 952. Syracuse-Onondaga County Planning Agency. Identifiers: 'Regional planning and development, N.Y. Rapid transit systems, *Rapid transit railways. Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Data processing JOB ACCESSIBILITY: A STUDY OF FACTORS systems), ('Urban planning, 'Ohio), Reports, INHIBITING EMPLOYMENT. SYRACUSE, The report represents the results of an inventory Mathematical models. Urban areas. Research pro- NEW YORK. of rail lines serving the major population centers gram administration. Simulation, Passenger vehi- of Connecticut. The purpose of the inventory was cles, Population, Costs, Management planning. Sep 69, 11 Op to point out which lines were best oriented to serve Public relations. Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and central cities as future potential corridors for the Identifiers: 'DATA project. Downtown Agency Urban Development, Washington, D.C. exclusive rights of ways of intra-urban mass transfor Transportation Action, Bus lines, 'Cleveland portation systems. (Author) (Ohio), Management information systems. Descriptors: ('Employment, 'New York)-, ('Transportation, Urban areas). Reviews. Public Four major data collection activities were un- opinion. Training, Population, Job analysis. Fac- PB-192 932 dertaken to obtain better understanding of the tor analysis. Connecticut Interregional Planning Program. transportation environment in downtown Cleve- Identifiers: 'Syracuse (New York). Central city. Hartford. land. Volume 2 contains detailed descriptions and Model cities, 'Job accessibility. Unemployment, TRANSIT MODEL. critiques of project tasks and results. This volume Public transportation systems. Low income Staff paper, is structured to be useful primarily to all types of groups. Mario TonarelU. 1970, 95p 536 urban planners. Prepared in cooperation with Connecticut State .ument reports on a study to dete Highway Dept. PB-192 952 Syra e. New York, had adequate transpor Descriptors: (*Urban planning, 'Connecticut), Downtown Agency for Transportation Action, o job opportunities. The project wa> Cleveland, (Transportation, Urban planning), Roads, Pas- Ohio. cipally concerned with the role of public Ira senger vehicles. Traffic, Statistical analysis. PROJECT DATA (DOWNTOWN AGENCY FOR providing this access, though it was also t( Identifiers: Rapid transit systems, 'Rapid transit TRANSPORTATION ACTION). VOLUME 3: AP- sider other factors which might have been ir bus systems, 'Regional planning and develop- PENDIXES. ing the employability of these citizens. The ment, Hartford (Connecticut). Final rept.

focused on persons residing in Syracuse's i

cities neighborhood and in one area ti The paper represents work accomplished in the northeast of the C.B.D. (Author) study of mass transportation (specifically bus transit) in Connecticut and is an integral part of the Connecticut Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Data processing Interregional Planning Program PB-193 144 (CIPP), a statewide land use, resources, and trans- systems), ('Urban planning, 'Ohio), Mathematical TRW Systems. Redondo Beach. Calif. models. Computer programs. Traffic, portation study. The report traces a portion of the Population. SUPPORTING STUDIES FOR HSGT SYSTEM work performed in the study of mass transporta- Passenger vehicles. Statistical data. Punched REPORTS. tion, specifically bus transit, and outlines the steps cards. Flow charting. followed in evaluating this type of service. It Identifiers: DATA project. Management informa- describes procedures followed in the inventory of tion systems. Downtown Agency for Transporta- Jun 70. 522p* 068 1 6-6041 -ROOO bus usage gives tion Action, Cleveland (Ohio), Computerized and tabulations of the results ob- Contract DOT-353-66 tained in a survey of bus users in the Hartford simulation. Computer printouts. Report on High-Speed Ground Transportation area. Also included is a discussion of the methods Systems Engineering Study. See also PB-193 145. utilized in projecting values of ridership. Although The project includes the formulation of a computer the area predominantly covered by this report is modeling approach for simultaneously simu- Descriptors: lating various (Transportation, Feasibility stu- the Hartford area, other information is included user decisions related to selection of dies), ('Passenger vehicles. Experimental design). pertaining to other areas of the State where bus mode, route of travel, and destination to satisfy Equations of motion. Programming (Computers). usage reaches significant levels. (Author) specific trip purposes within downtown areas. The Railroad approach can be used primarily to assist in identi- cars. Mathematical models. Aerodynam- fying realistic downtown transportation system ic characteristics. Surface propulsion. Structures. PB-192 950 design concepts that are compatible with the en- Gas turbines. Power supplies. Braking, Dynamics. Downtown Agency for Transportation Action. vironment of a downtown area and that serve the Control systems. Scheduling, Ground effect Cleveland, Ohio. transportation needs of the users of the area. PROJECT DATA (DOWNTOWN AGENCY FOR Volume 3 contains background data necessary to Identifiers: High speed ground transportation. TRANSPORTATION ACTION). VOLUME 1: obtain a deeper understanding of project activities Guideways, 'High speed railway trains, 'Tracked SUMMARY REPORT. and conclusions as they relate specifically to air cushion vehicles, 'Multimodal transportation downtown Cleveland. This volume is meant for systems, 'Automated highway systems. use prirnarily by urban planners in the Cleveland The document is a supporting studies volume which contains appendices covering various detailed analyses which are referenced in reports Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Data processing on a high speed rail system, tracked air cushion systems), ('Urban planning, 'Ohio), Programming vehicle systems, multimodal systems, and auto- (Computers), Simulation, Mathematical models. mated highway systems.

52 May 3, 1971

PB-I93 145 PB-193 274 for serving the demand for urban passenger Irans- TRW Systems, Redondo Beach, Calif. TRW Systems Group, Redondo Beach, Calif. purlatlon. I'ollowing this is an examination of the SUPPORTING STUDIES FOR HSGT SYSTEM TUBE VEHICLE SYSTEM PARAMETRIC IN- transit technologies that are likely lo be available REPORT (TVS). VESTIGATION. Final repl. Final rept., M. King, and J. W. Smylie. 15 Jun 70, 79p* 06818- travel. (A^^uthorl Jun70. 120p* 06818-6041-ROOO 6050-ROOO Contract DOT-C-353-66 Contract DOT-C-353-66 Report on High-Speed Ground Transportation Report on High-Speed Ground Transportation PB-193 450 Systems Engineering Study. See also PB-193 144. Systems Engineering Study. Washington Univ., Seattle. Transportation Research Group. Descriptors; (*Transportation Feasibility stu- Descriptors: ('Transportation, Pneumatic , SUMMARY OF USER BENEFITS ON URBAN dies), ('Railroads, Experimental design). Railroad systems), ('Passenger vehicles. Pipes), Urban ARTERIALS AND THE INTERSTATE cars. Aerodynamic characteristics. Power sup- planning. Pressure, Propulsion, Cooling + ven- FREEWAY IN THE SEATTLE plies, Braking, Computer programs. Mathematical tilating equipment. Braking, Vacuum pumps. Con- METROPOLITAN AREA. models. Control systems. Structures, Equations of trol systems, Structures, Velocity. Traffic and operations scries research repl., motion. Safety. Identifiers: 'Tube vehicles. Tube transit systems. Roy B. Sawhill, and Jerome W. Hall. Jun 70. 24p Identifiers: 'High speed ground transportation, High speed ground transportation, Guideways. RR-14 Tube transit systems, *Tube vehicles, Guideways. Contract Y-l 142 The report extends previous results by investigat- Report on Freeway Benefits Rcsludy and Analy- The document, a supporting studies volume, con- ing the effects of tube pressure level and alternate tains appendices covering various detailed propulsion modes for a 300-mph TVS system. The analyses which are referenced in a report on tube ventilation system relationship to the tunnel size Descriptors: ('Roads, Traffic), ('Urban areas. vehicle systems. and quantitative assessment of the requirements Economics), Motor vehicle accidents. Gasoline. for repressurization of the guideway tube are Statistical analysis. presented. The results of the analyses are in- Identifiers: Seattle (Washington), Interstate PB-193 152 tegrated to provide the overall system require- freeways. Worcester Planning Dept., Mass. ments which can serve as a basis for the prelimina- TRANSPORTATION BETWEEN POVERTY ry design of a 300-mph TVS. (Author) The report presents a summary of an extensive POCKETS AND EMPLOYMENT CENTERS. study of highway user benefits resulting from the Final rept. construction and operation of an Interstate PB-193 277 Freeway in an urban area. Travel lime and fuel 30 Nov 69, 14lp Regional Planning Council, Baltimore, Md. consumption studies were made on several test Contract HUD-H-1021 REGIONAL PROGRESS IN TRANSPORTA- routes both in and adjacent to the major north- Report on Worcester Urban Mass Transportation TION, 1968 - 1969. south travel corridor in the City of Seattle. Technical Study. Errata sheet inserted. (Author) 1969, 23p Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Urban areas), Prepared in cooperation with Transportation ('Economics, Baltimore, Maryland. Paper ('Employment, Transportation), Technical Committee, PB-193 569 'Massachusetts), Industries, Urban planning. Pas- copy available Regional Planning Council, 701 St. Berks County Planning Commission, Reading, Pa. senger vehicles, Feasibility studies. Population, Paul Street, Baltimore, Md. 21202. FREE. BERKS COUNTY MASS TRANSPORTATION Attitudes, Statistical data. STUDY. VOLUME I: DATA AND ANALYSIS. Identifiers: Ethnic groups. Poverty areas, Wor- Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Reviews), ('Ur- cester (Massachusetts), 'Employment centers. ban planning, 'Maryland). Systems engineering. 1970, 130p Bus lines. Interviews. Roads, Traffic, Harbors, Airports, Railroads, Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and Economics, Population, Budgets, Communication Urban Development. Washington, D C. Contents: Primary study area--the population systems, Control systems, Mathematical predic- considered; Secondary study area— the potential Descriptors: ('Transportation, 'Pennsylvania). job market; Existing transit facilities; Use of buses Identifiers: 'Baltimore (Maryland), Freeways, ('Urban areas, Analysis), Reviews, Analysis. by residents of primary study area; Bus passenger Travel patterns. Parking facilities. Land use. Problem solving. Systems engineering. Advanced interview survey, summer 1969; Analysis of the planning, F2nvironment, Statistical data. Popula- journey to work; Proposed transit improvements The report covers the progress which has been tion, Employment, Roads, Railroads, Air transfor psa residents; and Other transportation made in achieving a workable and adequate trans- problems requiring solution. portation system for the Baltimore region since the Identifiers: Mass transit systems, 'Berks County adoption of a suggested general development plan (Pennsylvania), 'Management information in 1967. (Author) systems. Regional planning. PB-193 273 TRW Systems Group, Redondo Beach, California. The report is the first publication of the Berks STATE-OF-THE-ART TUBE VEHICLE PB-193 355 County mass transportation study. This study was SYSTEM. Charles River Associates, Inc., Cambridge, Mass. developed lo meet specified goals, and the pur- Final rept., PROSPECTS FOR URBAN TRANSIT. pose of Volume 1 is to analyze the existing en- M. King, and I. W. Smylie. Jun 70, 56p* 06818- vironment in terms of demand characteristics and 6042-ROOO 1970, 75p' the transit system. The publication is designed as a Contract DOT-C-353-66 Contract DOT-OS-A9-060 datum from which decision makers within the Report on High-Speed Ground Transportation community can outline problems and solution Systems Engineering Study. Descriptors: ('Urban planning. Transportation). ('Transportation, Public opinion), Construction. methods. (Author) Descriptors: ('Transportation, Pneumatic Railroads, Employment, Site selection, Passenger systems), ('Passenger vehicles. Pipes), Feasibility vehicles. Selection, Industries, Volume, Popula- PB-193 572 studies. Costs, Underground structures. Velocity. tion. Statistical data. Costs, Automation. Berks County Planning Commission. Reading. Pa. Urban areas. Identifiers: 'Urban Transit systems. Urban decen- Modification Kits, Effectiveness, REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF THE PENNSYL- Electric propulsion. Vacuum pumps. tralization, 'Transit alternatives. VANIA DEPARTMENT OF HIGHWAY'S 'CLAS- Identifiers: 'Tube vehicles. Tube transit systems. SIFICATION AND NEEDS STUDY'. High speed ground transportation. alignments rather than an outright opposition to Technical rept. itself. Nevertheless, A train utilizing state-of-the-art equipment operat- expressway construction interest in the search for viable 8 Jul 70. 20p ing in a low pressure (3.5 psia) underground tunnel there is growing transit alternatives, especially in cities where ex- Sponsored in pari by Deparlmenl of Housing and is analyzed. The tunnel is smaller (13.75 feet in Urban Development. Washington. D.C. diameter) than conventional subway tunnels (16 to pressway programs have stalemated or opponents oppose the idea of expressways 18 feet in diameter). The tunnel is deeper (200 to have started to specific alignments or designs. The Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban planning), 500 feet) than most subways. The additional depth rather than just for an increased ('Urban planning, 'Pennsylvania). Roads, Clas- provides assistance to the propulsion system dur- paper examines the prospects alternatives. The discussion has sification. Traffic. ing acceleration and to the braking system during reliance on transit first explores postwar trends in Identifiers: 'Rcaional planning and developmenl. deceleration. The reduction in tunnel size and cost three sections. The the implications for »Bcrks County (Pennsylvania). offsets the additional cost of vacuum pumps of urban land-use and examines rapid decenlrall/a- conventional urban systems, while at the same transportation planning of the residential locations The purpose of the Technical Report is to compare time energy costs are reduced. The system speed tion in urban employment and that has taken place in the past two decades. The the proposed Stale C lassification' to the Highwav is great enough to provide high capacity as a shut- section reviews the evidence bearing on Classificalion developed by the Berks County- tle service utilizing a single tube, which may have second the existing transit technologies Planning t'omniission, I'he key differences are application in an airport access link. the potential of

53 11

Urban Transportation

noted and changes are outlined. The goal of the The objective of the research project was the and described some of the work that has been comparison is to input the local knowledge of design and construction of an automatic passenger Berk's Highways into the Pennsylvania Depart- counter that will count the number of passengers try associations, and the government, and at- ment of Highway's project. (Author) entering and leaving a bus at selected stops, relate tempted to relate some of this work to WMA's these counts with the bus stop location, record both counts and location data on a tape which can PB-193 574 be used as an input to a computer; and the PB-194 094 Berks County Planning Commission , Reading, Pa. development of a set of computer programs which STATUS REPORT: MASS TRANSPORTATION will convert these data into bus schedules showing Consortium of Universities, Washington, DC. AND HIGHWAY PLANNING. optimum vehicle numbers and headway required Urban Transportation Center. Information bulletin no. 19. DULLES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT ACCESS. (Author) Final rept., May 70, 22p Robert G. Baxter. Aug 70, 48p* UTC-2 UMTA- Sponsored in part by Department of Housing and URT-ll-(69)-2 Urban Development, Washington, D C. PB-193 906 Contract UMTA-URT-1 West Virginia Univ., Morgantown. Engineering Descriptors: (*Urban planning, 'Pennsylvania), Experiment Station. Descriptors: ('Access roads, 'Traffic surveys), ('Airports, (Transportation, Urban planning). Traffic, THE DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION Access roads), Passenger vehicles. Statistical analysis. Roads, Construction. OF AN AUTOMATIC PASSENGER COUNTER, Parking facilities. Bus lines. Vehicular traffic. Periodic variations. Statistical data. Regional Identifiers: 'Regional planning and development, VOLUME II. planning. Recreation, Predictions. •Berks County (Pennsylvania), Rapid transit Final rept., Identifiers: planning, Samy E. G. Elias, and Nelson S. Smith, Jr. Jul 70, Advanced 'Dulles airport 83p* Technical Bull-94 The Berks County Comprehensive Plan has Pub. as West Virginia Univ. Bull.Serv-70, no. 12-6, The Dulles International Airport Study conducted proposed a 'balanced' transportation system based Jun 70. See also Volume I , PB-193 905. between March and May 1970 has shown that in not only on the travel desires of the community, several years the peaking of automobile traffic will but also on estimated patterns of land develop- Descriptors: ('U ban transportation. Bus lines) be so pronounced with the introduction of larger ment. The desired system, or network, will be a ('Humans, Coun ting), ('Recording instruments aircraft, that the congestion on the Dulles Airport product of local, state, and federal programs and Photodetectors), Automation, Buses (Vehicles) Access Road will parallel the present congestion will aim toward the proper linkage of both private Input output devi zes (Computers), Punched cards on Shirley Highway during the evening rush-hour and public transportation forms. Progress toward Printouts, Electr c equipment. Wiring diagrams periods. analysis of the number of enplaning Computer progra ns. Schematic diagrams, Specifi- An the achievement of a balanced system is the sub- passengers has shown that 86% of the passengers ject of this bulletin. (Author) depart between 9 8 the Identifiers: Auto natic passenger counters, *Pas- Dulles a.m. and p.m. Since senger counters. majority of the transcontinental flights and the in- tercontinental flights depart during the late after- PB-193 721 noon-early evening hours, the peaking at Dulles is West Virginia Univ., Morgantown. Engineering Volume 2 is intended to supply the tabular and sharpest during those periods. The modal percent- Experiment Station. graphical information required for an in-depth un- age distribution of departing passengers indicates FEASIBILITY derstanding of the automatic passenger counter A STUDY OF AN INTEGRATED taxis bring 7.2% of the departing passengers to the data accumulating system and of the methods of CITY AND UNIVERSITY TRANSPORTATION airport, buses 28.5%, limousines 2.3%, and pas- data processing developed to make optimum use SYSTEM. senger cars 62.0%. Whereas these figures present Final rept., of the counter output. Included are the counter traffic distribution for departing passengers, block diagram, overall schematic diagram, sche- the Samy E.G. Elias. Aug 70, 1 12p Technical Bull-97 the study also includes analysis of percent- matic diagrams for each block, wiring diagrams an the Pub. as West Virginia Univ. Bull.Ser-71, no. 1-7, age of total airport vehicular activity. (Author) showing interconnections, lists of major parts and Jul 70. electrrical components together with specifications and ratings. This is followed by description Descriptors: ('Universities, Transportation), PB-194 095 of the computer system which consists of two pro- ('Transportation, Feasibility studies), ('Urban Consortium of Universities, Washington, DC. grams and a detailed description of the input cards planning. Transportation), Universities, Urban Urban Transportation Center. for each program. Also included is a third program areas. Passenger vehicles. Tires, Pavements, METHODS OF IMPROVING TRANSPORTA- which is a modification of Program 1, so that it Management planning, Experimental design. TION FACILITIES FOR INNER-CITY DWEL- may accept counts as produced by the automatic Systems engineering. Control systems. Cost effec- LERS. passenger counter. (Author) Final rept., Identifiers: 'Morgantown (West Virginia), 'Alden Ernest Cooper, Jr. Aug 70, 54p' UTC-3 UMTA- capsule transit system, Concepts, Guideways, URT-1 1 - (69)-3 PB-194 093 Systems analysis. Contract UMTA-URT-1 Consortium of Universities, Washington, DC. Descriptors: ('Passenger transportation, 'Central The goal of the project was to determine the feasi- WMA TRANSIT COMPANY. bility of demonstrating a new mass transportation city), ('Urban transportation. Improvement), Final rept.. technology for West Virginia University and the Requirements, Socioeconomic status. Budgeting, Beach W. Aten, Gary F. Bulmash, and Edward A. adjacent areas of the city of Morgantown, Planning, Project management. Systems analysis. West - UTC-1 1 (69)- Morash. Aug 70, 82p UMTA-URT-1 Rural urban fringe. Organizations, Benefit cost Virginia. The purpose of this report is to sum- analysis. Trends, Surveys, Feasibility studies. marize the activities and findings of the first three ContractUMTA-URT-ll Identifiers: Washington (District of Columbia), phases of a five-phase design cycle: These are Nashville (Tennessee), New York (New York). concept validation, system sorting, and prelimina- Descriptors: ('Bus hues. Evaluation), ('District of ry design and system definition. (Author) Columbia, Mass transportation). Operations. The purpose of the project is to consider methods management. Financial manage- Maintenance of improving transportation facilities for inner-city Regulations, Routes, Marketing. ment. dwellers within the scope of a metropolitan area. PB-193 905 'Washing- Identifiers: 'WMA Transit Company, Case studies of Washington, D. C; Nashville, West Virginia Univ., Morgantown. Engineering ton Metropolitan Area. Tennessee; New York, New York; and other Experiment Station. major urban areas are exemplified. The major aim THE DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION The report investigates the Transit Com- WMA is to explore methods of providing optimal trans- OF AN AUTOMATIC PASSENGER COUNTER, pany, a small privately-owned bus line serving the portation services for inner-city residents and giv- VOLUME I. eastern half of the Washington metropolitan area, ing equality of access to employment, recreation, and analyzed its problems, both internal and exter- and other urban opportunities. Combinations of Smith, Jr. Jul Samy E. G. Elias, and Nelson S. 70, nal, in detail in the following functional areas: improved planning and operating methods, or 81 p' Technical Bull-94 operations, maintenance, finances, and the con- 'software' program elements, and the technologi- Virginia Univ. Bull.Ser-70, no. 12-6. Pub. as West trolling regulatory commission. Major findings cal or 'hardware' elements are compared using Jun 70. See also Volume 2, PB-193 906. were: WMA has no marketing program and is not cost-benefit calculations to evaluate alternatives. oriented toward selling its services; WMA has Descriptors: ('Urban transportation. Bus lines), made no attempt to design an optimum route struc- ('Humans, Counting), ('Recording instruments, ture based on empirical studies; WMA is in serious Photodetectors), Automation, Buses (Vehicles), financial difficulty due primarily to a substantial PB-194 096 Beams (Radiation), White light. Input output increase in fixed costs relative to revenues; The Consortium of Universities, Washington, D.C. devices (Computers), Paper tape. Transmitters, controlling regulatory commission has not in- Urban Transportation Center. Data acquisition. dicated that they have established any clear objec- SPECIALIZED TRIP DISTRIBUTION STUDY Identifiers: Automatic passenger counters, 'Pas- tives for their policies. The project also discussed OF METROPOLITAN RECREATION. senger counters. some possible solutions to each of these problems Final rept..

54 1 1 01 1

May 3, 1971

Theodore F. Ehrlich. Aug 70, 35p UTC-4 UMTA- The focus of the paper is upon the formulation, ar- Inja Kim Paik. Aug 70, 24p' UTC-9 U MTA-URT- URT-ll-(69)-4 ticulation and implementation of the Act to Amend ll-(69)-9

Contract UMTA-URT-U the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964. The Contract U.MTA-URT-l I purpose of the paper is threefold. The first is to Descriptors: (*Recreation, Urban planning), describe the progress of a new policy or policy Descriptors: ('Aircraft noise, Urban areas), ('Re- ('Recreational facilities. Urban areas), ('Pas- proposal through three stages of the policy sidential buildings. Economic analysis). senger transportation. Automobiles), Urban trans- process, until it in fact beomes policy. A second Econometrics, Regression analysis. Time series portation. Statistical data. Surveys, District of purpose is to describe within a policy process analysis. Human behavior. Motivation. Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, Mathematical framework the three stages and their contribution Identifiers: 'Noise pollution, 'Properly values. models. Statistical analysis. to policymaking. The third is to describe the im- Identifiers: Trip statistics, 'Washington pact of individual and group policymaking partici- In view of an existing controversy on the impact of metropolitan area. Outdoor recreational facilities, pants in the policymaking system. (Author) transportation noise on real property, the purpose 'Automobile trips, Arlington County (Virginia), of this study is to establish some statistical Fairfax County (Virginia), Montgomery County evidence bearing on the hypothesis that, in (Maryland), Prince Georges County (Maryland). PB-194 099 general, transportation noise affects residential Consortium of Universities, Washington, D.C. property value adversely and, especially, the The research investigated a methodology for spe- Urban Transportation Center. values of residential properties in the strictly re- cialized trip generation studies. Automobile trips THE TRIP-TO-WORK, A SUBMODULE OF A sidential area in comparison to those in the more to outdoor recreational facilities in the Washing- GENERAL METROPOLITAN-REGIONAL commercial area. The technique used is the multi- ton, D C. metropolitan area comprised a case stu- AREA MAN-MACHINE SIMULATION. ple regression method; data consist of 162 obser- dy. A literature search was made on methodologi- Final rept., vations from the I960 U. S. Census of Housing and cal improvements in metropolitan outdoor recrea- Jerre Anthony Manarolla. Aug 70, 65p' UTC-7 Population. The study is made of two parts: The tional planning. Modeling techniques used in trans- UMTA-URT-1 1- (69)-7 first is an attempt to measure the impact of varia- portation planning were applied to this problem, to Contract UMTA-URT-1 tions in the level of aircraft noise on residential develop procedures useful to both transportation property values in the vicinity of the John F. Ken- Descriptors: ('Routes, Selection), ('Urban trans- and recreational planners. License plate survey nedy Airport. The second consists of a compara- portation. Simulation), Man machine systems. data for trips to selected regional parks in the tive evaluation of the noise effects between the Routing. Washington, D.C area were utilized. Socio- relatively commercialized neighborhood and the economic and transportation facility data from a strictly residential neighborhood in the same An attempt was made to design the detailed rela- recent home interview transportation survey for tionships involved in the trip-to-work, one of five the same area were also employed. (Author) submodules which compose the transportation module, of a general operational simulation of a PB-194 102 metropolitan PB-194 097 or regional area. The general model Consortium of Universities, Washington, D.C. considers spatial relations in some detail with the Urban Transportation Center. Consortium of Universities, Washington, D C. basic land area units (parcels) flexible in both size Urban Transportation Center. D. C. TRANSPORTATION CONTROVERSIES, METHODOLOGICAL AND PARAMETRIC and shape; includes a large number of private VALUES AND INTEGRATION OF COMMUNI- FOUNDATIONS FOR URBAN TRANSPORT economic activities (up to over 30) defined on the TIES. TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION. basis of the SIC categories; includes all the major Final rept., local governmental functions as well as Federal- Francis R. Parente. Aug 70, 43p' UTC-IO Final rept., UMTA- State Aid; and represents the people who live URT-1 1 - (69)1 Philip A. Graham. Aug 70, 1 lOp* UTC-5 UMTA- within the system in their desires for Contract UMTA-URT-1 URT-ll-(69)-5 good jobs and Contract UMTA-URT-1 public facilities, the way they spend their leisure time and their voting decisions. Transportation, Descriptors; ('Mass transportation, 'District of Columbia), ('Highway planning. Urban areas). Descriptors: ('Urban transportation. Transporta- along with communications, are the principal internal connectors the various sectors of History, Legislation, Subways, Communities, tion management), ('Transportation management. among society and of the model. The goal of the trip-to- Urban areas). Systems management. Decision work submodule is to select a route for every Identifiers: Race relations. making. Correlation techniques, Interactions, population unit, basing that selection process on as Evaluation, Passenger transportation. Mass trans- realistic criteria as possible and with a resultant The study concerns the question of community in- portation. Statistical analysis. tegration in the light of recent controversies relat- Identifiers; 'Management information systems. routing pattern which represents the real world spliis, and the motivation for such splits among the ing to the Three Sisters Bridge, the North Central various modes available. (Author) Freeway, and the Maryland Northern Freeway The objective of this project was to explore segments of the D. C. Metropolitan Area highway techniques t help urban transportation planners in system. Prominent in the study is an analysis of systematic comparison of technologically PB-194 100 the values and behavior of community groups and disparate transport systems. Particular attention Consortium of Universities, Washington, D.C. a discussion of what integration means for urban was focused on urban passenger travel, but the Urban Transportation Center. planning. (Author) techniques evolved are applicable in principle to THE EVOLUTION OF METRO. all fields of transportation. The 'methodological' Final rept., portion of the project was concerned with prelimi- PB-194 103 William J. Murin. Aug 70, 45p* UTC-8 UMTA- nary development of quantified procedures for Consortium of Universities, Washington, D.C. URT-1 1 - (69)-8 evaluation of candidate modes. The 'parametric' Contract UMTA-URT-1 Urban Transportation Center. portion of the project sought to answer the COMMUTER TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM, question: Which characteristics must be con- Descriptors: ('Mass transportation, 'District of UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND. sidered in evaluating candidate transport technolo- Columbia). ('Subways, Urban areas), History, Final rept., gies. This subject area is quite distinct from that of Legislation, Bus lines, Highway planning. Urban Robert E. Prangley. Aug 70, 38p UTC-1 1 UMTA- methodology, which concerns the manner in transportation. URT-1 1- (6S)-1 Identifiers: METRO transit system. Contract UMTA-URT-1 they are identified. (Author) The research reported, part of a larger effort, ex- Descriptors: ('Universities, 'Parking facilities), amines the evolution of the Washington, D. C. ('Vehicular traffic control. Universities). Bus PB-194 098 area subway system (METRO) from early legisla- lines, Maryland, Cost estimates. Routes. Identifiers: of Consortium of Universities, Washington, D.C. tion in the 1950's through adoption late in 1969. University Maryland. Urban Transportation Center. The specific purpose of the evolution narrative is THE POLITICS OF INNOVATION IN URBAN The purpose of the study was to investigate the feasible alternate solutions to the traffic MASS TRANSPORTATION POLICYMAKING: for the larger effort and to present the incremental commuter THE NEW SYSTEMS EXAMPLE. nature of the decision-making process relevant to problem on the University of Mary land campus. It the of the Final rept.. the system's planning. (Author) was objective study to recommend to David G. Lawrence. Aug 70, 59p UTC-6 UMTA- the Administration of the University of Maryland a system which will alleviate the commuter traffic URT-1 1 - (69)-6 Contract UMTA-URT-1 PB-194 101 and the parking space required to accommodate Consortium of Universities, Washington, D.C. this traffic on campus. The research considers Descriptors: ('Mass transportation, 'Government Urban Transportation Center. three possible alternatives to the commuter trans- policies), ('Urban transportation. Government IMPACT OF TRANSPORTATION NOISE ON portation problem: the present auto system, the policies), Decision making. Economics, Law (Ju- URBAN RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY VALUES auto-bus system, and the auto-bus system with WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AIRCRAFT regulated parking. The study examines each alter- Identifiers: Urban Mass Transportation Act of NOISE. native, considering both the ranges and constraints 1964. Final rept., of variables related to the supply and demand

55 Urban Transportation

characteristics of each system. The study con- PB-194 203 trasts and compares both present conditions with Consortium of Universities, Washington, DC. the projected needs for each system. It finally Urban Transportation Center.

each system using a \ THE NEW TOWN AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING - GENERAL OVERVIEW WITH A BurnellW. Vincent. Aug 70, 32p UTC-14 UMTA- CASE STUDY OF COLUMBIA, MARYLAND. URT-H-(69)-14 Fin rept.. PB-194 104 Contract UMTA-URT-11 Viegand. Aug70,49p UTC-15 UMTA- Consortium of Universities. Washington, D.C -(69)-15 Urban Transportation Center. Descriptors: ('Urban planning, 'Parking facili- Cor :t UMTA-URT-11 COMMUTER RAILROAD SERVICE IN THE ties). Local government. Economic factors. Urban NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION. transportation. Availability. Descriptors: ('Urban planning. Transportation), Final rept., (•Transportation, Problem solving). Population The reported research explored the effects of growth. Automobiles, Vehicular traffic. Sub- Arthur J. Smith. Aug 70, 1 15p* UTC12 UMTA- availability urban form deter- URT-ll-(69)-12 parking supply as an stitutes, Bus lines. Feasibility, Surveys, Maryland. Advantages of providing availability are Contract UMTA-URT-11 minant. Identifiers: New towns, Columbia (Maryland), enumerated, as are the costs of its absence. Disad- New town concept. Demonstration projects. vantages of meeting the parking demand are Descriptors: (*Rail transportation, 'District of presented, as are the benefits of reduced availa- Columbia), (*Urban transportation, District of Research for the paper centers on two areas. The bility. The optimal availability is defined as that is the possible Columbia), Interstate transportation. Railroad ter- new town generally assessed as to balance point from which any change in the minals, Maryland. advantages it offers over existing urbani/ed areas number, location, cost, and price and convenience in transportation planning, and in the testing of facilities would The study explores the possibility of establishing a new transportation systems. A case study is re- lental ti urban t objec >. The the developing town of Columbia. new commuter service system on the various rail- ported on new e of the local government is to provide a setting This examines the transportation road lines in the Washington area. As a Maryland. study for community participation in goal formulation, the background to the Washington situation, com- planning process being utilized in Columbia, to develop a formula for parking management existing internal transportation system, and some muter rail strategies in other metropolitan areas which encourages attainment of that goal, and to technologies are discussed. At the present time the Nation's of the more innovative transportation measure feed-back data to insure a continuity of being proposed. Capital is served by less than 20 commuter trains, formula efficiency. The report suggests variable carrying only approximately 1100 riders, on a which are parking induced and demonstrates how weekday. Rail commuter service in Washington these may be considered in paradigmatic presenta- PB-194 359 faces a number of severe problems including: tions. A parking model, it is suggested, will pro- South Bend Public Transportation Corp., Ind. Union Station car fees, the location of the ter- vide a format which will be adaptable for use in a TRANSIT TECHNICAL STUDY. SOUTH BEND- minal, work rules, and aging equipment. Area linked system of models which portray the many MISHAWAKA AREA. decision makers have concentrated their efforts in facts of urban dynamics in such a way that trade- the realms of rail rapid transit and freeways offs may be readily compared between divergent May 69, 1 16p despite the existence of commuter rail schemes. disciplines. (Author) Prepared in cooperation with Oilman (W,C.) and The report discusses a set of three railroad com- Co., Inc., Cleveland, Ohio. Sponsored in part by muter systems which could be implemented in the Department of Transportation, Washington, D C. Washington area. Each system is coordinated with PB-194 107 segments of Metro which may be in operation. In- Consortium of Universities, Washin Descriptors: ('Urban transportation. Surveys), ternal factors of each system ranging from Union Urban Transportation Center. ( 'Regional planning, 'Indiana), Benefit cost analy- station to forms of PROJECT SUMMARIES. Station and a new South Mall RESEARCH sis. Inventories, Economic analysis. Evaluation. management, work rules and financial ar- Forecasting, Recommendations. rangemenets are discussed. (Author) Identifiers: 'South Bend (Indiana), 'Mishawaka

Descriptors; ('Transportation, Reviews), ('Mass PB-194 105 The thrust of the report is toward an action transportation. Reviews), ('Passenger transporta- Consortium of Universities, Washington, DC. oriented transit improvement program directed at tion. Reviews), Transportation management, Urban Transportation Center. optimizing transit ridership in the South Bcnd- Maryland, District of Columbia, Urban transpor- A METRO PARK-RIDE FARE COLLECTION Mishawaka, Indiana, area within a realistic finan- tation. Urban planning, Land use. Bus lines. Air- SYSTEM. cial framework. The general guidelines adhered to ports, Parking facilities. Noise (Sound), Economic Final rept., in developing the transit improvement program are Edward D. Studholme. Aug 70, 44p* UTC-13 analysis. Rail transportation. UMTA-URT-11- (69)-13 Contract UMTA-URT-11 Summaries arc provided of research projects con- transportation facilities and planning for cerning PB-194 500 the Washington Metropolitan Area. Descriptors: ('Parking facilities. Automobiles), Port Authority of Allegheny Countv, Pittsburgh. {Fees, 'Collection), ('Vendors, Automation), Pa. District of Columbia, Cards, Detectors, Urban ADVERTISING AND PROMOTION DEMON- transportation. Cost analysis. Subways. STRATION PROGRAM, URBAN MASS TRANS- a Planning Board, Wes Identifiers: 'Fare collection systems, 'Metro park PORTATION DEMONSTRATION PROJECT, n Bea ride fare collection system. Token vending PENNSYLVANIA. WEST PALM BEACH URBAN AREA TRANS- ALLEGHENY COUNTY, PORTATION STUDY. CONTINUING OPERA- Final rept. TIONS PLAN, A system which would extend the automated fare Sep 1970, 122P Washington Carl F. Hultman, and Ned R. Brooke. 70, 42p collection system proposed for the WPBUATS-1 Contract DOT-H-822 Metropolitan Area Transit Authority to include the Prepared in cooperation with Florida Dept. of collection of parking fees and the controlling of Descriptors: ('Publicity, Mass transportation), Transportation, Tallahassee. parking areas for over 30,000 automobiles is ('Mass transportation, 'Pennsylvania), Urban designed and evaluated. The systems discussed in- areas. Promoting, Effectiveness, Models, Descriptors: ('Transportation, Urban areas), sure that only patrons who have taken a ride on the Questionnaires, Simulation, Statistical data. At- ('Urban planning, 'Florida), Economic factors. will be eligible to park at reduced rates and titudes, Maps. subway Population, Traffic control. Traffic engineering. attendants. control ex- Identifiers: Allegheny County (Pennsylvania), eliminate the need for The Highways, Land use. Ordinances, Traffic regula- of the transit system by Mass transit systems. ercised over the paid area tions. Law (Jurisprudence), Finance, Accident in- to the park- the automated fare gates is extended vestigations. o develop ride facilities by a transfer issued by a special Identifiers: West Palm Beach (Florida). machine when evidence is present on a magneti- and promotion, and to test their effectiveness cally encoded fare indicating that the paid area has The report is a guidance manual for Urban Trans- existing transit been occupied. The transfer must be used in exil- portation Planning, specifically the continuing for increasing ridership in an system which controls virtually all of the public ing the parking area as it is consumed by a parking phase. The report summarizes what has been ac- project gale control unit in exchange for admission to the complished and sets forth the procedures or transit in a large metropolitan area. The groups street. Based on favorable design impressions a methods of collecting data, operating a surveil- pinpoints economic, racial, ethnic and age and, using market research free area token vending machine is selected for a lance program, determining deviations from within the community general cost analysis and compared with a manual forecasts and of her techniques and methods for techniques such as attitude testing, determines public transportation system. The operating costs for the automated updating transportation networks. It contains in- why these people now use messages or means system are approximately $7.09 per space per formation as (o sources of data and defines areas and why they do not, and what utilized in changing attitudes and habits. year, while the costs for a manual system are of responsibility for each of the participating agen- should be is off-peak ridership about $45.00 per space per year. (Author) cies. (Author) The focus of the program on

56 May 3, 1971

since the existing transportation facilities arc al- PB-196 362 ready overcrowded during peak-time service. The New York City Transit Authority. market research techniques and the ridership AN AIR CONDITIONING STUDY OK THE NEW simulation model provide assurance thai the cam- YORK CITY TRANSIT SY.STEM. PART I. A paign will have been adequately pretested and that THERMAL SYSTEM MODEL AND EQUIP- • substantial research will have been done in identi- Identifiers: I ransil fare collection, *Scrip MENT VALUATION. fying how to orient promotion activities. (Author) systems. Management information systems. Final rept.

Locked fare boxes, *Crime deterrence. 1968, I I3P UMTA-NY-M l l)-I2-Pl-1 See also Part 2, PB-196 363. PB-194 686 In 1968. the rate of bus robberies in Washington, Virginia Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg. Dept. of D.C. was more than twice that of the previous Descriptors: ('Air conditioning, 'Subways), Industrial Engineering. year. The problem reached its climax on May 17, (*Cooling systems. Cost analysis), Rapid transit THE URBAN MASS TRANSIT GAME (MAIN- 1968, when six bus robberies occurred within a railways. Subway cars. Ventilation. Ventilation five a driver fans. Air conditioning equipment. Refrigerating TENANCE). PHASE I - A. INSTRUCTIONS TO hour period .md was killed in a PARTICIPANTS. machinery. Refrigerating, New York. stimulus to these robhcncs was the $100 to $175'in Identifiers: New York City (New York). cash lhat bus drivers were required to carry, the Dec 69, 43p* drivers' union urged lhat a fare system be initiated The subways in New York City are uncomfortable in summer because of high temperatures. No sim- See also Phase 1 - B, PB-194 687. which would reduce the hazard to the drivers. The Washington Metropolitan Area Tran.sit Commis- ple solution to this problem is available because of Descriptors: (*Urban transportation, 'Manage- sion applied for and received a mass transporta- the complex nature of the subway thermal system. ment games), (*Bus lines. Maintenance), Mass tion demonstration grant to determine the feasibili- A mathematical model of the thermal characteristics a segment was developed transportation. Scheduling, Decision making. ty of using a fare system in which drivers would of subway as a evaluation Game theory. Computer programming. Main- carry no cash but would issue scrip or redeemable tool for performance of proposed cooling systems. The model was programmed for com- tenance personnel. Repair shops. Personnel coupons as change to passengers who did not have puter computation. Several types of air condition- management. Simulation, Management engineer- exact fare available. A major purpose of the pro- ing systems for cars and for stations were ex- ing, Benefit cost analysis. New York. ject was to test whether use of this system would amined both singly and in combination. The study Identifiers; *Urban mass transit game. Manage- eliminate robberies of bus drivers. Such a system showed that ventilation in the subway is the most ment information systems. had never been tried in the United States. The important factor affecting passenger comfort. The scrip system was first put into limited use during most significant finds of this study are: (1) Vapor The urban mass transit game (maintenance) is a the nighttime hours for a period of forty-five days compression air conditioning was found to be the computer based simulation exercise or manage- beginning June II, 1968. When this test proved best system for cooling subway cars. (2) Car and ment game that is focused upon the maintenance successful, the system was extended to twenty- station comfort can be improved by the use of function of a municipal bus company. The game four hour per day use. In terms of the goals of the large fans to increase nightime ventilation. (3) Air participant is required to manage this department - project, the most important question was whether conditioning new subway stations is best accom- to direct a work force towards the completion of a the use of the scrip system had been successful in plished by large, centrally located absorption cycle daily schedule of work requirements. A unique reducing assaults and robberies of drivers. refrigeration units which would serve a number of Unquestionably, it did so. Only four robberies feature of the game is the inclusion of distinct peo- nearby stations. (Author) directly related to the transit system occurred ple - a work force of mechanics who assume between the lime the initial test of the scrip plan separate and diverse identities. The report in- began and the end of the project five months later. cludes a brief introduction, first to gaming, and PB-196 363 Losses were minimal, and no drivers or other bus then to the urban mass transit industry. The main New York City Transit Authority. company employees were injured. The WMATC body of the report consists of the instructions to AN AIR CONDITIONING STUDY OE THE NEW staff therefore recommended lhat use of the scrip participants. Near the end of the report are some YORK CITY TRANSIT SYSTEM. PART II. system be continued after the close of the project auxiliary case problems. It is anticipated that each FEASIBILITY OF A THERMOELECTRIC AIR in October, 1968. It has continued to function ef- game participant will be provided with a copy of CONDITIONER FOR SUBWAY CARS. fectively since that time. (Author) the report. (Author) Final rept.

1968. 120P UMTA-NY-MTD-12-PI-2 PB-196 329 PB-194 825 See also Part 1. PB-196 362. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Commis- Tri-State Transportation Commission, New York. sion, D.C. SER- Descriptors: (*Air conditioning. *Subways). NEW HAVEN RAILROAD COMMUTER INFORMATION AIDS: TRANSIT MASS TRANS- (*Subway cars. Air conditioning equipment), ('Air VICE. PORTATION DEMONSTRATION. Final rept. conditioning equipment, 'Thermoelectric Final rept. refrigeration). Rapid transit railways. Dynamic braking. Feasibility. May 70, 31 p TSTC-2052-3576-35C 1970, 52P Idenlifiers: York Transportation Demonstration New City (New York). Report on Mass Prepared in cooperation with Sidney Hollander Grant Project. Sponsored in part by U.S. Depart- and Associates. The purpose of the study was to evolve the basic ment of Transportation. design of a thermoelectric air conditioning .system Descriptors: (*Mass transportation. Information), for a transit car and to determine its technical and Descriptors: (*Rail transportation. Performance), Information), Altitudes, (*Bus lines. Markers, economical feasibility. Since thermoelectric cool- Economics, Transportation management. New ing devices operate from a DC power source, con- York, Connecticut, Railroads. verting this power directly to heat pumping, (the urban transportation demonstration pro- The mass wasted kinetic energy during dynamic braking ap- initiated with federal The New Haven project was ject consisted of five phases: Phase 1, Organiza- pears as DC power), it is logical to consider ther- support and participation to meet the urgent threat Initial Phase II, Design of Infor- tion and Surveys; moelec.rics for subway car cooling. The primary of disrufition in the indispensable rail service mation Aids; Phase III, Production and Installa- questions to be answered arc how much cooling is between New Haven. Conn., and New York City. tion of Aid Devices; Phase IV, Testing; Phase V, required for comfort and how much of it can be In July 1961, the railraod went into bankruptcy, I, Evaluation and Reporting. During Phase obtained from dynamic braking. The study deter- following years of mcreasing costs, declining testing before hypotheses were developed for by mined lhat a mavimum of 19 tons of air condition- freight revenues and years of deficit operations. In and after surveys. These hypotheses postulated ing was required loi ,i :(U) passenger car in tunnel early 1965 court-appomled trustees sought to cur- (hat more and better information aids would: (1) 1.11 l , i , , -i; conditions oi lUU d ; relative humidity. Increase the number of riders using more than one It was found ih i; : 1 efficiency of the bus route. (2) Improve altitudes toward mass thermoclecliK . mw to provide a significant poiiion ,ii ihc .m conditioning load the curtailment while studies determined the mea- transit. (4) Increase kninvledge of a transit system from available d\ namii. br-ikinti energy. (Author) sures that would be necessary to change the rail- as a whole, and {5) Decrease satisfaction with in- road into a modern transportation route. (Author) formation currently being offered. None of the hypotheses were clearly affirmed although the PB-196 370 study found that people do accept and use new in- Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia. PB-194 958 formation aids when available. It was also found MINICAR TRANSIT SYSTEM. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Commis- thai riders tended to use a limited number of bus Final repl. Dec 6S-Apr 70. sion, DC. N'ukan R. Vuchic. Donald Bergmann, G. Bruce THE SCRIP SYSTEM OE THE D.C. TRANSIT Douglas. 111. and Bondada V. A. Murlhv. 1970. SYSTEM, WASHINGTON, D.C. :89p- Final rept. Conlracl DO r-H-830

also 1 046. Jun 70. 64p* See PB- 88

57 Urban Transportation

Descriptors: (*Passenger vehicles, Urban areas), Descriptors: ('Traffic surveys. Bus lines), ('Mass remain seated in the lounge. Many alternative con- (*Mass transportation. Feasibility), ('Passenger transportation. Buses (Vehicles)), ('Urban trans- figurations of this concept were examined. The transportation). transportation, *Urban Demand portation. Traffic surveys). Routing, Sampling, major conclusion resulting from the study is that Statistical (Economics), Fleets, Exhaust gases, GasoUne en- quality control. Urban areas, Michigan. the SKYLOUNGE concept is technically feasible Electric propulsion. Identifiers: gines. *Maxi-Cab transportation systems, but economically unattractive in light of the alter- Identifiers: *Minicars. Flint (Michigan). native means of solving the problem of transporting people from urban centers to airports. (Author) The desirabiUty and practicality of using small, fu- This is one of five technical report documenting meless, fleet-managed vehicles in the central cities the Flint Maxi-Cab mass transportation demon- as collectors and distributors were examined with stration project. The report explores origin- PB-196 843 Philadelphia as the case study area. The actual and destination (O-D) analysis as it was applied to the Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, Transportation potential transportation demand for the area was Flint project. O-D data is commonly obtained Center. analyzed, and information on desirable system through statistical sampling. In Flint, residence lo- THE EFFECT OF AGE ON URBAN TRAVEL characteristics collected. Data on small, three pas- cations were matched with employment centers to BEHAVIOR. determine potential senger vehicles powered by hybrid gasoline-elec- bus route locations. In addi- Research rept. (Final). tion to providing information for the establishment tric engines were gathered and the available Norman Ashford, and Frank M. Holloway. 30 Jun technology matched against operational con- of special purpose door-to-door bus service, 70, 207p Rept. no. 1 UMTA-URT-12-1 straints. (Author) specific O-D data may be valuable for determining Contract UMTA-URT-12 adequacy of Une-haul service in terms of route and schedule; in traffic assignment modeling, snow Descriptors: ('Travel, Urban areas), ('Age, PB-196 408 removal priority determination, traffic control pri- Travel), Urban transportation. Statistical distribu- Massachusetts Inst, of Tech., Cambridge. Urban ority determination, or regional and highway tions. Analysis of variance. Demography, Regres- Systems Lab. planning. (UMTA abstract) sion analysis, Mathematical models. Behavior, PROJECT IS/IMPROVED SCHEDULING. Central city. Attitudes, Automobiles, Wisconsin, Final rept.. Marc Roddin. May 70, UMTA-URT-9- (69)-l PB-196 782 68p Identifiers: Elderly persons, Albany (Georgia), Contract UMTA-URT-9 Simpson and Curtin, Philadelphia, Pa. IMPROVED TRANSIT SERVICES: PREPARED Milwaukee (Wisconsin), Augusta (Georgia), Columbus (Georgia), Macon (Georgia), Savannah Descriptors: (*Urban transportation. Surveys), FOR CFTY OF LINCOLN, NEBRASKA. (Georgia). (*Rapid transit railways, 'Massachusetts), Final rept. (*Street railroads, ScheduUng), Manpower, 75p* A study was conducted to obtain quantitive analy- Questionnaires, Economic factors. Benefit cost Oct 70, UMTA-NEB-T9-3 sis of the effect of a tripmaker's age upon several analysis. urban travel parameters. The most significant Identifiers: Owl service, *Boston (Massachusetts). Descriptors: ('Passenger transportation. Economic conditions), ('Bus lines. Acquisition), findings concern the average trip length for adults. Elderly people are found to make proportionately The report describes research of the possibilities ('Urban transportation, 'Nebraska), Require- ments, Population (Statistics), Feasibility, fewer intrazonal trips and more trips to the central of re-instituting owl service (that is, between mid- Benefit cost analysis. Management, Problem solving. business district. Transit usage is high for the night and 6 a.m.) on certain rapid transit and street- Identifiers: 'Lincoln young and the elderly and reaches its minimum car lines operated by the Massachusetts Bay (Nebraska), Pubhc ownership, Private management. value for young adults. Trip generation rates are Transportation Authority. The major user groups correlated with age and purpose. Work and are workers who would then be able to work over- If Lincoln City Lines no longer can be operated shopping trips increase in importance with age; the time or on night shift, workers who are now on the profitably as a private concern, it is recommended work trip declines rapidly in importance when the night shift but cannot take pubUc transportation to that pubUc acquisition of the system take place, individual reaches retirement age. The study is work because it is not available at the time when coupled with capital improvements necessary to concerned with variations in travel behavior and they need it, and persons who would be able to restore operations to attractive level of service. travel demand over an individual's life span, espe- enjoy more social and recreational facilities in Although bus service is a secondary form of travel cially such variations as are not apparent in ag- Boston if they could take public transit after mid- in Lincoln, the poor, the aged, students and others night. (Author) gregated travel demand as traditionally analysed not able to afford an automobile are dependant on and projected in urban transportation studies. buses for transportation. PubUc ownership is (UMTA abstract) urged noting the advantages of savings, PB-196 464 tax the absence of profit necessity, availability of capital Cleveland Transportation Action Program, Ohio. funds, and the use of minicipal services for ac- THE J AND L STORY - A MAN- PB-196 844 POWER/TRANSPORTATION DEMONSTRA- counting, legal, police, and other administrative Tube Transit Corp., Palo Alto, CaUf. TION PROJECT. functions. To offset the tendency for city-owned STUDY OF TECHNICAL AND COST operations to become inefficient, the study recom- Final rept. Sep 69-Jun 70, QUESTIONS RELATED TO THE FEASIBILITY mends inviting private management firms to David Goss. Sep 70, 1 16p CTAP-1 UMTA-Ohio- OF THE GRAVITY-VACUUM TRANSIT MTD-3 manage the day to day operations. (UMTA ab- SYSTEM. stract) Contract DOT-UT-125 Final rept., Bruce E. Skov. 28 Jul 70, 132p* 70-0063 Descriptors: (*Bus lines, 'Manpower utihzation), Sponsored by Urban Mass Transportation Ad- PB-196 819 ('Unemployment, 'Transportation), Iron and steel ministration, Washington, D.C. System Development Corp., Santa Monica, CaUf. industry. Cost estimates, Urban planning, Ohio. SUMMARY OF SKYLOUNGE SYSTEM. Identifiers: 'Intercity transportation systems, Descriptors: ('Passenger transportation, Pneu- Final rept. 'Disadvantaged groups. Poverty, *Job related matic lines), ('Subway railways, FeasibiUty), Cost transportation, 'Hard core unemployed groups, analysis. Problem solving. Temperature control. 20 Jan 69, 30p* 'Cleveland (Ohio). Humidity control. Pipe joints. Welded joints, Sponsored in part by the Department of Housing FaUure, Maintenance. and Urban Development, Washington, D.C., and The Cleveland Transit Action Program started bus Identifiers: 'Gravity vacuum transit systems, the Los Angeles Department of Airports, Calif. service to the Jones and Laughlin Steel Plant in 'Tube vehicles. Prepared in cooperation with Pereira (WilUam L.) Cleveland, Ohio. The purpose was to provide and Associates. inner city residents with transportation to a major The report indicates that capital, operating, and maintenance costs of a gravity-vacuum concept area employer. The project was coordinated with Descriptors: ('Passenger transportation. Air- transit system may be 4-10 times greater than AIM-JOBS, a local manpower agency. The project ports), {'Urban transportation, 'Helicopters), originally estimated. Specific was successful in placing unemployed workers in ('Buses (Vehicles), Air cargo). Mass transporta- problem areas yet to jobs at the Jones and Laughlin plant. The bus ser- be solved are those of thermal management and vice proved so effective that Jones and Laughlin Identifiers: 'Skylounge transportation system. humidity control, design of a tube and rail joint agreed to cover operating losses and it is now capable of maintaining required rigidity and ahgn- running on a permanent basis. (Author) The SKYLOUNGE study was charged with deter- ment under a wide range of ambient temperature mining the economic and technical feasibility of changes, and means of tunneling through soft the design, development, and implementation of a ground. A cost of 25-30 milhon dollars per mile is PB-196 774 combined helicopter and road transportation estimated for the system (1972 prices), assuming American Academy of Transportation, Ann Ar- system between airports and urban centers. The facile solutions of the problems noted above. A bor, Mich. SKYLOUNGE concept concept examined in the method of retrieving trains stopped between sta- ORIGIN-DESTINATION DATA PLOTTING AND study is based on the existing Sikorsky S-64A tions is also discussed. (UMTA abstract) ANALYSIS. crane-type hehcopter and a mobile lounge (bus) Technical rept., that could be quickly attached to the helicopter (and detached) in the transfer process between PB-196 904 Jun 70, 73pTR-4 helicopter and ground vehicle while the passengers Syracuse Univ., N.Y. Urban Transportation Inst.

58 May 3, 1971

RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION, Dec70,50p* UMTA-CAL.-MTD-l 1-70-1 Descriptors: ('Urban transportation. Improve- METROPOLITAN DECENTRALIZATION, AND Prepared in cooperation with Stanford Research ment), ('Urban planning, Oklahoma), Surveys, THE JOURNEY TO WORK. Inst., Menio Park, Calif, and California Univ., Recommendations, Bus lines. Financing, Person- Final repl., Berkeley. nel management. Pattern recognition. Travel, David Greytak. Jul 70, 29p Occasional Paper-3 Forecasting, Public opinion. Maintenance. UMTA-URT-7-(69)-l Descriptors: ('Buses (Vehicles), Crimes), ('Motor Management engineering. vehicle operators. Protection), ('Crimes, Reduc- Identifiers: Tulsa (Oklahoma), Fare structures. Distance), (*Travel, tion), Descriptors; ('Employment, Criminology, Motivation, Recommenda- Travel patterns. Urban areas), ('Ethnic groups. Employment), tions, Protectors, Police, Surveys, Ethnic groups. transportation, Demographic surveys. Cen- Socioeconomic status. Urban The purpose of the report was to develop a short- tral city. Cost analysis. Residential buildings, Cor- Identifiers: 'Robbery prevention, 'Assault range transit plan that would serve Tulsa over the relation techniques. Income, Transformations, prevention. Bus drivers. Exact fare systems. next five years. Development of the recommended Mathematical models. plan was based upon an on-board ridership survey, Identifiers: Work travel patterns. Housing In the years immediately preceding 1968, robbery various socioeconomic characteristics of the Tulsa segregation. and assault of bus drivers escalated into a serious area, and an analysis of the existing transit in crime problem. The primary objective of the study Tulsa was drawn up to formulate the guidelines for The paper reports the results of a study of the in- was to develop an understanding of the nature and developing a recommended plan. In developing a terrelationship between housing segregation, the causes of robbery and assault of bus drivers, and single recommended plan, three separate plans decentralization of urban areas, and work trips. to evaluate potential solutions to those problems. plus the existing operation were evaluated. The Conventional wisdom asserts that non-whites The study report concludes that the installation of plan which best met all aspects of the policy travel further to work in metropolitan areas than an exact fare system solves the robbery problem, guidelines represented a slight expansion of the do whites. The author has investigated this rela- but leaves a residual assault problem that must be present route network and a modification of the tionship, verified it, and estimated the dollar cost dealt with by other means. Exact fare gained ac- provided. difference of work trip time as between whites and ceptance by the public, but drivers and transit level of service now In general, the non-whites. When translated into cost, the effect management. No evidence was found that imple- system was made more responsive to the travel de- mentation of exact fare results in of pas- of the riding public with of work travel patterns of whites and non-whites is robbery mands an emphasis on to reduce the effective wage for non-white wor- sengers. It was found that bus robberies are service to the lower income areas. The recom- economically rather than racially motivated. The kers. One implication of this finding is that, at mended plan can provide the jusification for a following equal contract wages, non-whites will undertake countermeasures were suggested for fu- Capital Grant application for new buses and re- ture testing: Physical barriors between driver and longer work trips than whites and thereby incur a lated equipment. (UMTA abstract) passengers, use of paid riders to protect passen- larger time cost and receive a relatively lower ef- gers on high-risk runs, and use of cameras on low fective wage. Another finding has to do with the traffic trips. abstract) effect of city size on work trip patterns. (Author) (UMTA PB-197 580 Syracuse Univ., N. Y. Urban Transportation Inst. URBAN TRANSPORTATION POLICY: FACT 575 PB-197 346 PB-197 OR FICTION. Syracuse Univ., N. Y. Urban Transportation Inst. Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS UNDERLYING HermanVertins, Jr., and David R. Miller. Jun 70, Authority, Philadelphia. PUBLIC TRANSIT USE IN THE JOURNEY TO 25p' Occasional Paper-2 UMTA-URT-7 (69)-2 COMMUTER RAILROAD SERVICE IMPROVE- WORK. MENTS FOR A METROPOLITAN AREA - Contract UMTA-URT-7 Final rept., SEPACT I. Mark J. Kasoff. Jun 70, 65p' Occasional Paper-I Final rept. 28 Oct 62-30 Oct 65. Descriptors: ('Urban transportation, 'Govern- UMTA-URT-7-69-3 ment policies). Organizations, Project planning. Contract UMTA-URT-7 1 Apr 69, 149p UMTA-PA-MTD-1 -69 Legislation, Management engineering. Highway Library of Congress catalog card no. 73-151 295. planning. Passenger transportation. Descriptors: ('Travel, 'Employment), ('Socioeconomic status, 'Urban transportation), Descriptors: ('Passenger transportation. Urban The purpose of the analysis is to examine briefly ('Transportation models. Urban areas). Urban planning), ('Urban planning, Pennsylvania), ('Ur- existing Federal urban transportation policy with sociology. Empirical equations. Central city. Pat- ban transportation, 'Electric railroads). Rail trans- particular attention to some of its inherent tern recognition. Regression analysis, Municipali- portation, Public opinion. Improvement, Bus paradoxes. The concern is primarily with the lines. Parking facilities. Identifiers: 'Work travel model choices. movement of people in urban areas; goods traffic Identifiers: Demonstration programs, 'Philadel- receives only incidental consideration. No in- (Pennsylvania), (Southeastern phia SEPACT In urban transportation planning the cost of data tegrated national policy governs the passage and Compact), Pennsylvania Transportation collection has been a particularly burdensome ex- funding of Federal legislation pertaining to urban Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Com- pense, with data collection often accounting for transportation. What exists now is 'piecemeal pol- fifty percent of planning costs. The ratio is often icy -an amalgam of responses to particular crises: greater for medium sized cities. This paper is an at- legislative, executive, administrative, and legal; I Federally assisted com- SEPACT was the first tempt to bridge the gap between the need for and private enterprise actions in the absence of project in the nation. muter railroad demonstration detailed data required for transportation planning specific Federal (or other) policy. The first section ser- Its basic goals were: (1) To prevent commuter and the expense involved in generating such data. of the paper reviews Federal highway legislation, vice in the Philadelphia area from abandonment, The primary purpose of this study is to develop an particularly in terms of its impact on the formation the effectiveness of improved ser- (2) demonstrate empirical model for the evaluation of the main and implementation of urban transportation pol- vice and reduced fares in reversing the ridership socio-economic determinants of model choice for icy. This is followed by a review and an appraisal decline, and (3) relieve traffic congestion on parts the journey to work, with particular reference to of legislation that specifically pertains to urban of the region's highway network. The demonstra- medium size cities. The parameters of the model mass transportation. The third section deals with tion program, 1962-1965, included the following: were found to be useful and reliable in the predic- the effects of federal organizational changes on increased train service by the Pennsylvania and tion of public transit use (in each census tract) for the scope and emphasis of urban transportation Reading Railroads, fare simplification and reduc- medium-sized cities not included in the original policy. In the final section, the interactions of tion, new equipment, additional parking spaces, but performed poorly in estimating transit sample, federal policy and urban transportation problems bus-train transfers, and a promotion program. The Generally, the estimates of the use in large cities. are evaluated. (UMTA abstract) demonstration findings were that in order to in- model's parameters confirm findings of earlier duce commuters to patronize rail transportation: journey-to work studies, regarding the relation- modern, attractive rolling stock is helpful, feeder auto ownership and declining ships between PB-197 800 bus and taxi service can enlarge the market area, transit use and race and transit usage. The former Metropolitan Transit .Authority of Nashville. and clean and attractive stations are important. factor is more important in medium-sized than in Tenn. The following were found to be essential in in- large cities, while the opposite is true regarding the HOSPITAL AND MEDICAL CENTER E.XPRESS aggressive public informa- transit relationship. (UMTA abstract) creasing ridership: an race BUS SERVICE PROJECT. tion program, frequent service, reliable schedules, Final rept. a competitive fare structure, and provision of Dec 70, 84p UMTA-Tenn-MTD-4-70 adequate parking. (UMTA abstract) PB-197 579 Tulsa Metropolitan Area Planning Commission, Descriptors; ('Passenger transportation, 'Medical Okla. services). ("Bus lines. Urban areas). ("Urban PB-197 532 A TRANSIT IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM FOR transportation. 'Tennessee), Central citv. Rural Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District. Oakland, THE TULSA METROPOLITAN AREA 1970- urban frince. Traffic. Parkine facilities. Public Calif. 1974. REDUCTION OF ROBBERIES AND ASSAULTS Final rept. opinion. Surveys, Effectiveness. Hospitals. Statislicaldata. OF BUS DRIVERS. VOLUME I: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS. Ocl 70, 135p UMTA-OKLA-T9-1-70 Identifiers: 'Medical centers. Express bus service. Final rept. Prepared in cooperation with W. C. Gilman and 'Nashville (Tennessee). Demonstration pro- Co., Inc. Cleveland, Ohio.

59 . :

Urban Transportation

A dcmonslralion project established direct ex- how they choose seats, etc. The report provides >. h, PIM97 X17. press bus service between various medical centers some suggestions that the sociology of a bus has a and downtown Nashville. The study demonstrates relationship to the nationwide decline in mass Hus lines. Design), ('Demography, that frequent express bus service influenced many transit patronage. (Author) employees to use public transportation although PB-197 818 outpatients, visitors, and other persons associated Sacramento Transit Authority, Calif. with the medical centers were not drawn in signifi- WHO RIDES THE BUS. PASSENGER CHARAC- cant numbers to public transportation. In spite of TERISTICS AND RIDING PATTERNS OF THE the provision of direct public transit service, there SACRAMENTO TRANSIT AUTHORITY, MAY was no apparent alleviation of parking and traffic 1968. congestion in the area surrounding medical cen- Interim technical rept. no. ters. It was found that employees, outpatients and Carole Wolff Barnes. Aug 70, I06p UMTA-CAL- reorientation of a bus rou medical center visitors who have automobiles MTD-10-70-3 all probability been used in available will generally drive if parking space is Contract DOT-UT-42 available at a reasonable cost. Those persons with See also rept. no. 4, PB-197 823. limited incomes and others without an automobile available must use public transportation to work, Descriptors: (*Buses (Vehicles), Utilization). shop, and for other trip purposes. (UMTA ab- (Passenger transportation. Buses (Vehicles)), Habits, Socioeconomic status. Bus lines, Califor-

PB-197 821

Sacramento Transit A uthorUy . Calif SERVICE CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON Engineering. A new crosstown bus line was established for REVENUE, RIDERSHIP, AND RIDERS PER THE RELATIONSHIP OF WORK TRIPS TO demonstration purposes. This technical report is MILE. EMPLOYMENT CONNECTED SOCIAL AND one of a series on the demonstration project. This Inter ECONOMIC FACTORS. report gives a detailed analysis of a passenger sur- ole Wolff Bar >. Apr 70, 68p UM TA-CAL- Final rept., vey taken on the crosstown bus line. The report is George E. Mouchahoir. Oct 70, 17.^p UMTA- in five sections: (1) the sociological characteristics URT-19-(69)-l of the passengers, (2) an analysis of origins and Contract DOT-URT- 19 destinations, (3) riding patterns, (4) a comparison of discretionary and captive riders, and (5) an as- Descriptors: ('Bus lines. Economic Descriptors: (*Travel, 'Employment), sociation of household income with passenger ('Revenue. Bus lines), ('Passenger Irans ('Socioeconomic status. Travel), Planning, Mul- characteristics and riding patterns. (Author) Expenses), Services, Utilization, Califor tivariate analysis, Passenger transportation. In- Identifiers: 'Bus fares. 'Transit rider> dustrial relations. Distance. Identifiers; *Work travel patterns. PB-197 819 Florida Transpor Stale Univ.. Tallahass , The thesis concerns itself with inventorying social, economic and travel variables connected with em- JOINT DEVELOPMENT: AN ECONOMIC IN- ployees of 20 large Atlanta Work Centers making PUT. trips to work. This material is then analyzed to Final rept., determine the degree of association between the David W. Rasmussen. Jun 70, 40p Rept. no. 2 , the objec employee socioeconomic and travel variables. UMTA-URT-12- (69)-2 define some of Ihc variables contributing |i With that done, a mathematical model is attempted Contract DOT-URT-12 decline of transit patronage in Sacramcnti having causal and functional characteristics delineate their effects on ridership and revi providing an analysis of present conditions and Descriptors: (*Uuban transportation, Economic and to suggest methods of manipulating these calibration of forecasting techniques. The study analysis), ('Community development. Urban ables in order to improve service, revenue concluded that factor analysis multivariate statisti- transportation). Economic development. Project patronage. (Author) cal techniques can be used to determine the inter- planning. Cost effectiveness, Sociometrics. Em- relationship and degree of association between ployment, Urban areas. Systems analysis, socio-economic and travel variables related to the Forecasting, Florida. PB-655 567 employee and place of work, a point highly Identifiers: Joint development. Modal choices. Stanford Research Inst Mcnlo Park Calif. doubled before the study. Component analysis U.S. PA.SSEN(;ER transportation: AN IN- multivariate statistical technique was then used to Joint development is a subset of planning that is VENTORY OF RESOURCES AND AN ANALY- determine a multivariate statistical model relating based on an integration of social, physical and SIS OF CAPABILITIES OF SURFACE MODES. the number of work trip attractions variable to the transportation planning. It differs from planning in Final ept.. significant employer and employee variables. This that it is based on a transportation system. It is ar- showed the number of work trips attracted to the gued in the paper that joint development projects work centers depends on the floor space of the are unlikely to significantly affect the number of center, and on the average occupational level and jobs in a metropolitan area or increase the level of Descriptor average distance of travel of the employees of this aggregate income. The economic benefits that ^L-nger vt hides, 'Roadsl. R center. (UMTA abstract) might accrue to a community from a joint develop- s. Pavements, Nude

ment project are discerned in terms of its unique Radioactive fallout . Shielding. contribution to urban space. It is a tool for chang-

PB-I97 817 ing the urban form. Two benefits that joint : report presents the results of a study of U.S. Sacramento Transit Authority, Calif, are the improvement of senger transportation by surface modes, con- RIDES, TRIPS AND MOVES ON A BI S. ing essentially of an inventory of resources and Interim technical rept. no. 6, lion for high density living for those who desire ' labilities. The modes considered Graham Tomlinson. Dec 70. 106p UMTA-CAL- such a life style. The paper analyzes methods by include e priv, MTD- 10-70-6 which the economists can contribute to the joint

Contract DOT-UT-42 developments. A cost effectiveness method is muter rail, and rail rapid Ir.iiiMi I In pi

recommended for nonquanlifiable benefits in so- menls of each of these arc ul ' I

Jescriptors: (*Buscs (Vehicles) •Behav ), Mas cial policy decisions. (UMTA abstract) and vehicles. These resouiw

ii .1 i i i . ; ransportation. Scats, Selection gross summary form and K^^ .

;y, California. geographical units. A gcnci.il .uuiKm- PB-197 820 e Sacramento Transit Aulhorily . Calif. handle passengers under normal and A DEMOGRAPHIC PROCEDURE FOR li ' A new crosstown bus line was established for ROUTE DESIGN. modcVwhe^L"av\"ilablc\''da'la based' on demonstration purposes. This technical report is Interim technical rept, no. .*>. servations of passenger capacities are si one of a series on the demonstration project. This Carole Wolff Barnes. Oct 70, 5}p UMTA-C Al - a specific area of limited geographical study examines the social setting of the bus with MTD-IO-70-5 sample analysis of the combined passenj emphasis on what in fact people do on the bus. Contract DOT-UT-42

60 SUBJECT INDEX

^ = ^^SS^.?£^r^^^B.RXBS^.HO^.SS.U.TS OP BUS OHXVHHS. VO.O,

*"s?ec?aL1ZEd"rIP DISTRIBUTION STODY OF HET^OPOIITAN

A^REPORT^O. „0C.

conI"v'jt?ons°'

PB"9f678'"' .

191 207

iS (VEHICLES)

EIDES, TEIPS II DEMOGRAPHIC

BELLEVILLE (ILLINOIS)

BERKS COONT^ ; TRANSPORTATION S

PB-193 569

BIBLIOGEftPHIES,

; (MAINTENANCE)

AD-708 023

BIELIOGBAPHIES,

PB-170 581

EEFEPENDUn C

E COUNTY (NEW YOSK)

DEMONSTRATION

[VEHICLES) , AIR C

. METROPOLITAN P

VEHICLES) , CRIMES

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS. 97 532

UTILIZATION

PB-183 330

BUS LINES

NON-CBD EMPLOYMENT C «ITION THE AERIAL 1 92 733

SUSPENDED TRANSIT S

92 733

SUEVEILLANCE A BACKGROUND AND POLICY !

PB-^s"' 6117 5 COLLECTION.

EVALUATION OF A BUS TRANSIT SYSTEM I^ PB-187 665 IMPROVEMENTS TO THE PEOPLE-TRANSPOPTATION-JOBS PUBLIC 1 RESIDENTS OF DEPRESSED 83 158

IMPROVEMENTS J SIC'

BIBLIOGPAPHY C "con«0TEF%A?LROA"sEB^

AOaA. BEPOHT .

A.KOAX BEPOBT 1<

«ETPO^PPOPE.T, C

"e?dDE De''l"sTF™"de''lA PABft-TOLDIDINE PAS LA * TRANSIT *f AND A PORTION OF THE PENTAGON ROUTE.

PB-18It 276

TH.^ECONO«ICS OF »ETRO.

"°rSEr[rBF^:r/^^S'SJ?;;.ENTATTON PFOCFA„ FOR TRANSPORTATION,

VC.U„E 2^^.ECH„CA. eEPO^T.

°^NOTEs'orTS?''sTA^E-OF^ A

'r=^^^%,...... ?o^-r""'

PB-176 115

TP.HSXT^X. SOUTH BPOW.PO CO.K.V .BCH.

pb"™"'

PB-19^931

3 SIMULATION S PB-196 782

HANftGEHENT A TRANSPORTATION STUDY FINDINGS, DATA PROJECTIONS AND THE RECOMMENDED ELECTKONICS, 1 PLAN.

ft COUNTY BUS S

MANAGEHENT G

9 INFORMATION S SYSTEMS, MATHEMATICAL MODELS

APPFOPFIATIONS, I F BEPFESFNTATIVES, TFANSPOFTATION

191 366

CONSIDEPATIONS INFLUENCE AREA ANALYSIS MODEL.

TECHNOLOGY NORTHWEST LINE.

CHICAGO AREA TRANSPOBATION J

1-192 692

BALTIMOBE BE BUSINESSMEN PSOGFAM,

5 CHABIESTON- COLUMBIA, SOUTH CAROLINA.

\ EVALUATION. SECTION II COUNTY F ;iT FACILITIES. 1968 - 1969.

. SECTION V E E ALTEFNATIVES ON TFAFFIC. SECOND YEAF WOF

PB-189 eno

FESEFVED LANES FOB BUSES

MANAGEMENT TFANSPORTATION

PFEFEEENCES

3-692 837

; INFORMATION

1 PFOTOTYPE ANALYSIS.

' VEHICULAR TRANSIT SYSTEMS STEMS PLANNING. EQUILIBFIUn MODE TRANSPOBT MODELS EOF B

IMPROVEMENT.

TRANSPORTATION ' REPRESENTATIVES, ? TFANSPORTATION, r PLANNING PROJECT. VOLUME II. IBM 7090

FEASIBILITY ; "'HOSPITAfpD^EDIcirCEN^Br^

BESCR?PTIcro?^PBlsBKro"ERA PB-191 195

'pB-i8r;.7

DE«ONSTBATION.

definition!'-'

""S™E"oM?iON%SDirOF^'onSEHOLP 1

PB-189 937

PASSENGEB VEHICLES, DESIGN

PB- 178 253

PASSENGER VEHICLES,

PB-192 006

PASSENGER VEHICLES,

PB-192 727

SYSTEMS ENGINEERING 5 TRANSPORTATION. IMPROVEIENTS PB-188 030 ALDEN CAPSULE DEFINITION. PASSENGER PB-192 737

SYSTEM fi BASELINE D PASSENGER VEHICLES,

DISTBIBDTION ! PB-17U 220 192 739

PB-192 758 DEVELOPMENT 0

SIX BASELINE PB-192 759

; TRANSPORTATION DEMONSTRATION ! SnPPOBTING STUDIES

PBEIIPIINAPY 1 CONSTRUCTION SAFETY MANUAL. PART

UNDERGROUND

TRANSPORTATION ;

192 732

THE AERIAL 92 733 PILE MHO BIDES TAXIS. PB-182 739

HINICAR TRANSIT SYSTEM.

PENNSYLVANIA, MASS TRANSPORTATION

PENNSYLVANIA, TRANSPORTATION

1 PARAHETFIC INVESTIGATION. ; TRANSIT EXPRESSWAY

PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN METROPOLITAN PI PB-191 133

PHILADELPHIA (PENNSYLVANIA) VICE IMPROVEMENTS F

F CAPABILITIES C

"'tbaction powep^collectio"""

SU_PP0.T.K3 STOBXES EOe HSST S.STE

pl-ivf 975'

PA_X.^PAPIC TPAHSIT EOe

PB-18U°32""

X.VEHTOB.^OE PAX. .X.ES .

"'pAEn-'piDI PA..XPA..B.S...

'"ASHlSs^ON-BO^orTPASsPO

PEGION. FINfiNCI PB-168 297

EXPEESS STEEET £

\ DEHOGRAPHIC PROCEDURE FOR BOS EOt)

CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS C HIGHWAY NETWORKS.

PB-188 357

CONTINUING

PITTSBOBGH t FINDINGS. PB-169 936

1 ftDMINISTRSTION 92 086

92 1193

'Y (CALIFORNIA) TRANSPORTATI

:ght tebbinal FRANCISCO (CALIFOBNIA) DISTRICT DEMONSTRATION

; ECONOMIC SCHEDULING F

UNDEEGROaND STBUCTDRES

construct:

PB-168 296

SHIRLEY H

-708 019

92 006 DEMONSTRATION P URBAN PLANNING

, TBANSPORTATION

PB-192 831t

WIFT THE COMMUTER'S F

BEDUCTION > DRIVERS. VOLUHE

SKYLODNGE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

ROBE(NEW YORK) PB-196 819

EXTENDING D

I BASELINE DEFINITION.

d SOBMODULE OP k GENERAL

BAL AREAS, PROBLER S

I EMPLOYMENT C RECOMMENDATIONS.

SOCIOECONOMIC S

METROPOLITAN A

DUTH BEND(INDIANfi)

''"opefations^s'nalysis

SURVEILLANCE ISd CON™"TECHNIQaEs"'

"ISUnj" ... .0,, ^'sTA?ororRE«oSAr?BASsPOPTATION

c!!'FOE°Jp!!AT"NArCAPi?A^%RANS^

"^^ TRANSIT SYSTEM HHicH''SlLL"AXIHIZE^EIDEBS°''°^^''

l'S!"!rFOH°?HE"AT?ONAL' SOOTH BPOW.PO CO. IT.WW'l

PB-192''692

|veiop«ent"of"he^ amisor? board to thf Hi"™"""""'""'"""'"""'

I'sNrPAPERfpRES^NTED!^

PB- 187 5 56 TH^ bSo^E ReJ;o%"

"E?JERISEHTA^Bul^'INls^N «ETROPOLITAN NASHV

NE^ROPOLITlN^APEir

"^"^ MTnl r.'""'

TPANSPORTATION.

RE_PORT OH^TESTI.. ANO EVA..

EARE^STBUCTU,

proposed^reg: Id-708°023"°'''

,„.,„^,......

TPANSPOBTATION REf

PB-l'f 57°

.HK^HCOKC^CS C

"FOTDRE^wSrSsE'jSD'THOBOOGHFASE P PB-19"931 COUNTY COBPI

PB-179 081

TRANSPORTATION.

PB-nfo""""''

"coS«DTEf B°?"ofirsEF"c" ?HE''Nt??oSsL CAPITAL

""sOMMARrorSKYLOONGE^S ^B-18S 657

;'Dl?A"wT??NriND ftNAlYSIS.

)-ECONOBIC FORECASTS

M?EEC?Ty'jASTS«A?ErHIGllHjr'NE^

SD-29

AUTHOR INDEX CHI-GIE

-I TBUNSPORTATION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGICAL ftSSESSMENTS.

PB- 183 5U9

COLE, LEON not PERFORMANCE CRITERIA AND TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY OF THE t NEW SYSTEKS FOR THE C PB-179 055

DOUGLAS, G. BRUCE, III

PB-196 370

? FREEWAY R

RECREATION.

SEATTLE MONORAIL, CORNELL, (1. TECHNICAL APPENDIX TO OPERATING PB-176 975

TRANSPORTATION EFFECTS ON THE

PB- 183 05«

:rain, J. L. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RAPID

THE NATIONAL I INTEGRATED C D UNIVERSITY

CRAMER, BARTON ENBFT DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION C 1 AUTOMATIC PASSENGER

PB-173 68«

DEVELOPMENT J ) DEMONSTRATION C PROCEEDINGS IDA URBAN 93 906 AD-699 159

CRANE, MICHAEL ALLEN

r TRANSIM (TRANSPORTATION SIMULATOR) CRUMLISH, JOSEPH D. NOTES ON THE STATE-OF-THE-ART OF BENEFIT-COST ANALYSIS A RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS. PB-176 289 STUDIES OF TRANSIM ANALYSIS,

FOTURE URBAN

I (TRANSPORTATION PB- 178 266

DAILEY, G. ) TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY OF THE U

r AND ANALYSIS, MADISON

. CLAIR COUNTIES, ILLINOIS,

r VEHICLE SYSTEMS fOR

COMPARISON C

) COMFORT IN PUBLIC G

3 SYSTEMS FOR

83 330 URBAN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING.

TBANSPOETSTI

t UNEflPLOYflENT.

POTENTIAL i TRANSPORTA' PB-178 258 FEQUIREflENTS I

AND ASSESSMENT,

ITED TRAIN PBELlnlNARY ESTItlATI TRANSPORTATION t

EVALUATION C S TRANSIT SYSTEM I

KEVANY, MICHAEL J

TRANSPORTATION

N TRANSPORTATION

PB-192 731

LONEY, JOSEE

J-MACHINE SIMULATION.

EXAMINATION OF MAXIBUSES,

KRAFT, GERALD

PRELIMINARY ESTIMATE

1-169 571

!-176 902

;TATE OF THE APT,

5 TRANSPORTATION

COST-EFFECTIVENE

i PEDESTRIAN-;,

NORTHEAST CORRIDOR H TRANSPORTATION S

BEQBIREPIENTS I CONSOHER conceived ATTRIBOTES op TPAll

Sir:::

Ins:':-"™"'""-

IS";."'""""''""" »—

(SPORTATIOH PROJFCT.

''xpfcK SHAPING FOR URBAN TRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION. PB*192 78U PB- 168 293 PB-178 272

J TRANSPORTATION

r QUESTIONS BELATED TO 1

TKANSPOFTATION POLITICS ]

CAPITAL REGION.

; EVALUATION M

78 2Il«

HOWABD F B TPSNSPORTftTlON ftN INVENTORY C

DEVELOPMENT A

193 906 1968 (HITH

; PLANNING. VOLUME II.

PB-193 273'

INVESTIGATION.

FEASIBILITY AND COST OF IMPROVED F ;» SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION S

)-178 273

PBELiniNAEY 1

ICAL DYNAMICS.

PB-190 950 )-1 88 886

SCHWARTZ, JESSE G 1-1 89 937

) TBANSIT SYSTEMS SIMULATOR.

STOLL, WALTER [

SILIEN, JOSEPH S

PB-188 886

MODES OF TRANSPORTATION.

STDDHOLME, EDWARD C

ORGANIZATIONAL INDEX

.A.n^„SE^X.VOLVX«. TRAHSPORTAT

OP_EBATXO.S A.A..SXS OP AU««HHT

CPOUPEO^ROAO VEHXC.es,

A^_PPOCHA„^TO EVALUATE AOVA.CEO

v^Sxn.EX OATAAHO

PB-193'f69

N^CONNECTION^HITH HIGH^SPEED^SERVICE

PB-lf3°419

E ?RA???rAND°TBANSpSR?ATXON 3

"?he''e??eCt''of''?hE ?966''?pANSIT STRIKE ON THE TRAVEL BEHAV

X._^UPBAH^HEE0S AHO POTEHTXA.

ErFEc""F"HNXC?PAj''REGS2»?LHrof So?OR*^^^ PB-17r°2l" ""«e'sPPL?cAT°IONS orACG/'DLT?iLEs''iN TR ANSPOB TA TIOH AND e.CXONAL^PLA..I... THANSPOFTATION.

PB-17r261

p^^e^r7^/?Br""-

PB-179 081 is SCHO.B^„0H0BE.« S.SPB.SXO. CC

PB-192^32-

B.SE.X..^SVSTE„ nEEX.XXXO. X

tbanspoAt^oh.

PB-1?2"52" CHARACTEPISTICS BY CENSUS TPACTS AND TRAFFIC ZONES. liir

"'splciAriBrNSPOH;A?ioN'REQSlPE"EjTs"?N S«ALL C

?B-1?8 280

'Hi;;;;"

FEL"lHLip'AND°cOsfSr?SpRSjED rI^LEOAd'sERV^CE.

AVENOE ROUTE.

PB-^9 65U

^?i;p"°ûSs"u^?rcÊ^rK:E^??Â??^s?;

:%o"?RANSPOR?Ii?ON"sYSTE«s!'''"""' V RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS SIMULATOR. >B-176 977

NOISE AND VIBRATION LEVELS 3 ? BUS RAPID TRANSIT OPERATIONS F

) DEVELOPMENT,

DISTURBANCE H

FACILITIES.

IRE AND RAIL SUPPORT METHODS.

PROPULSION SYSTEMS, VOLUME I.

FRICTION

I CONDITIONING £

E COLLECTION.

DEMONSTRATION

PRELIMINARY STUDY OF INCREMENTAL COSTS. PB-168 262

3 TECHNIQUES FOR PC

78 272

RTH AMERICAN ROCKWELL CORP., >ROJECTION OF URBAN PERSONAL TRANSPORTATION C IMPLEMENTATION REQUIREMENTS I

HE QUEENS-LONG ISLAND TRAFFIC DEMAND MODEL.

, MARWICK, LIVINGSTON J

OPERATIONS ) TRANSPORTATION GENERATES

" RAPID TRANSIT

REQUIREMENTS F [V., PHILADELPHIA. SPECIFICATIONS.

TRANSPORTATION 1

OR-6 «e?H0dJl00"%sSU%"|;Sb°eR ir'"lyj,''.r T-0871-"-0900.

,r^„. .... c,.,.„.c, ...... c„...,c,.

"'"'"""^ IMPLEMENTATION AND ASSESSMENT, PB-17"?6?" TRANSPORTATION.

'"'?R°ArsP0E5???SN%?QU?REnEN?s IS^EFFK^S C

'bal??«ore-wasI!i, TRANSPORTATION.

PB-196'782 ""ocioeconohJ ^ACTips"o"EpjYlS"polLK°?R"NS^ifa. DSE IN THE

PB-19^931

„ASS^TPAHSIT CONCEPTS OP THE TA„PA BA. PE.TOH.

PB-191'195'

PB-197 3116

AND^ST.^CLAX. COO.

county! Jew'

P_.P.EPA.3EP„CE .E.BP..

AHNOA. PEPOPT. 19S8.

AND'Aj|ALYlL'oF''crPAB?"?iES 0^ SOrPAC?" HODEs!""""'

CE.SOS OATA AS A SOOPCE POP

0ESCPIPTIO«S, EVALOATIO .E»^HAVE.^PAT.POAO CO««UTEH

"STATE-0P%HE°AP; ^OBr^EHl'c" PB-193 273 PB"82'2e9

UPBAN MASS TRANSIT PLANNING PROJECT ON HODAL SPLIT SI„„LATION „OOEL.

URBAN MASS TRANSIT PLANNING PROJECT. VOLUHE I. IBN 7090/9U

S0_PPORTING STUDIES FOR HSGT SYSTE. PEPOPT (TVS,

''llir.Tc: Slv^rNrEÂiro^pl^^T^SfÔ^lTr^^^^PÊO REGIONAL

" PROPOSED^PEGIONAL P AP ID " P JiL P An"it"?l"a N^^i PROGRAM.

S.STEM PLANNING.

CA_PITAL^COST ANALYSIS.

TRAEEIC^EOPECAST.

PINANCIAL^PPOGPAM. W.SHIHOTC.-BCSTOH COPHX.OP X. 19e0.

------°%\i.?jrH/^r^?rErp?^?%^??^^?^r.fjss^?",^s^s?^i?^c.^

'''' H?H:°o^r""

COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS.

THE^ECONOMICS OE METRO. ^^...... ^

CONSTRUCTION WORK.

^I^STrp^Lo^rp^^f nrErs?^rEErp?^?r„..u^^^!"^

PB-I8C itSS

EXPBNSES.^BY COVEPDALE AND COLPITTS. - U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1971 O-LT 429-500

OR- 10

QliJ

^1 O ._