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BIbLIOGRAPHY 2016 AFI Annual Report. (2017). Alliance for Financial Inclusion. Retrieved July 31, 2017, from https://www.afi-global.org/sites/default/files/publica- tions/2017-05/2016%20AFI%20Annual%20Report.pdf. A Law of the Abolition of Currencies in a Small Denomination and Rounding off a Fraction, July 15, 1953, Law No.60 (Shōgakutsūka no seiri oyobi shiharaikin no hasūkeisan ni kansuru hōritsu). Retrieved April 11, 2017, from https:// web.archive.org/web/20020628033108/http://www.shugiin.go.jp/itdb_ housei.nsf/html/houritsu/01619530715060.htm. About PBC. (2018, August 21). The People’s Bank of China. Retrieved August 21, 2018, from http://www.pbc.gov.cn/english/130712/index.html. About Us. Alliance for Financial Inclusion. Retrieved July 31, 2017, from https:// www.afi-global.org/about-us. AFI Official Members. Alliance for Financial Inclusion. Retrieved July 31, 2017, from https://www.afi-global.org/sites/default/files/inlinefiles/AFI%20 Official%20Members_8%20February%202018.pdf. Ahamed, L. (2009). Lords of Finance: The Bankers Who Broke the World. London: Penguin Books. Alderman, L., Kanter, J., Yardley, J., Ewing, J., Kitsantonis, N., Daley, S., Russell, K., Higgins, A., & Eavis, P. (2016, June 17). Explaining Greece’s Debt Crisis. The New York Times. Retrieved January 28, 2018, from https://www.nytimes. com/interactive/2016/business/international/greece-debt-crisis-euro.html. Alesina, A. (1988). Macroeconomics and Politics (S. Fischer, Ed.). NBER Macroeconomics Annual, 3, 13–62. Alesina, A. (1989). Politics and Business Cycles in Industrial Democracies. Economic Policy, 4(8), 57–98. © The Author(s) 2018 355 R. Ray Chaudhuri, Central Bank Independence, Regulations, and Monetary Policy, https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58912-5 356 BIBLIOGRAPHY Alesina, A., & Grilli, V. -
THE ATLANTA CONSTITUT '' SERVICE Dauy and Sunday, Carrier Delivery, Is Ceata Weekly
ASSOCIATED STANDARD SOUTHERN PRESS NEWSPAPER THE ATLANTA CONSTITUT '' SERVICE DaUy and Sunday, carrier delivery, is ceata weekly. VoL XI/VTL-^No. 229. TLASTTA, GA., , SATUBDAT , JANUARY so, 1915.— FOURTEEN PAGES. Single conic* om toe BtrcetB «md mt aemutaBda. B eeata, Era of Prosperity LOCATION OF GERMAN AlRSHlt* STATIONS FROM WHICH RAIDS CAN BE CONDUCTED Russia Admits Repulse Dawning, Says Wilson; In Carpathian fight; Business Is Now free e On Henceforth Enterprise ^ v Not Be Checkedv , Asserts ROCKEFELLER, )R., Czar's Forces Battling Hard President, and Business in Endeavor to Pierce Not Suspected Simply Be- Through to cause It's Big. " ""' " T^ogress* UNCERTAINTIES REMOVED, LEGISLATION OVER WITH, HAAS IELLS COURT GERMANS DEFEATED > His Philanthropy Never Ex- PROGRESS CAN BE MADE IN ATTEMPT TO CROSS tends to Starving Em- Shows Checks for $500 and AISNE, ASSERTS PARIS ployees in Colorado, De- "Rules of the Game" Are for. $1,000 Givfirt-ftepresen- clares Official of the Mine tativesvfor "V^|||&j>one in Laid Down f of Business in Illaly Preparing for Worst. Workers. 'the Frank>-^^^ Address Before American £Royal Decree Calls VMore "Electric Railway Associa- Soldiers\ to Colors-^TurrvS SAYS THOUSANDS WISH JIM CONLEY ON tion. THEY WERE IN BELGIUM This map' shams in birdseye •d'iew .successfully sent Zeppelins, apparently sen wit/hi aferppla.nes. The1 location of Are Advancing, Cairo Re- iorm the airship situation as far as from Ouamaven or Ayilhelmshaven, to the many 'German airship stations in FQR JUST FIVE MINUTES Yarmouth ; and other toivns within ; a Germany amd Belgium v! from • which v Washington, January 29.--Another the invasion, of England and France hundred miles from Eondon,. -
17Th Annual Report of the Bank for International Settlements
BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1st APRIL 1946—31st MARCH 1947 BASLE 16th June 1947 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. Introductory Remarks 5 II. Transition from War to Peace Economy 9 Budget situation (p. 9), resources for productive investments (p. 9), subsidies (p. 10), nationalisations (p. 11), financial accounts (p. 11), foreign credits and foreign aid (p. 13)., em- ployment policy (p. 14), shortage of consumption goods (p. 15), wage increases (p. 15), price control (p. 16), wheat situation (p. I"]), meat, fat etc. (p. 18), industrial production (p. 20 ), coal , situation (p. 22), over-employment (p. 25) . III. Price Movements 28 Types of movement (p. 28), prices in Greece (p. 28), Hungary (p. 28), Roumania (p. 29), China (p. 29), Poland (p. 30), Italy (p. 30), France (p. 31), Finland (p. 32), Bulgaria (p. 32), Belgium (p. 32), Czechoslovakia (p. 32), Holland (p. 32), Turkey (p. 32), United States (p. 33), Great Britain (p. 35), Germany (p. 36), Austria (p. 37), wartime shortages (p. 38), general observations (p. 39) IV. Recovery of Foreign Trade .................. 41 Volume of world trade (p. 41), foreign trade in the United States (p. 42), in Canada (p. 45), Great Britain (p. 46), Denmark (p. 49), Norway (p. 49), Sweden (p. 5°), Finland (p. 50), Belgium (p. 51), Holland (p. 51), Switzerland (p. 52), Portugal (p. 52), France (p. 52), Italy (p. 54), Germany (p. 55), Poland (p. 5&), Czechoslovakia (p. 57), Austria (p. 58), Hungary (p. 58), Roumania (p. 59), Yugoslavia (p. 59), Bulgaria (p. 59), Greecç (p. 59); Turkey (p. 60), U.S.S.R. -
Dissertation Irene Schrotenboer Final
Tilburg University Dynamics of payments, conflict and economic activity Lubberman-Schrotenboer, I.G. Publication date: 2014 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication in Tilburg University Research Portal Citation for published version (APA): Lubberman-Schrotenboer, I. G. (2014). Dynamics of payments, conflict and economic activity: Case studies of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. CentER, Center for Economic Research. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 28. sep. 2021 Dynamics of payments, conflict and economic activity Case studies of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia Dynamics of payments, conflict and economic activity Case studies of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan Tilburg University op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof. dr. Ph. Eijlander, in het openbaar te verdedigen ten overstaan van een door het college voor promoties aangewezen commissie in de aula van de Universiteit op maandag 1 december 2014 om 10:15 uur door Irene Geessien Lubberman-Schrotenboer geboren op 23 mei 1977 te Sneek. -
147 Chapter 5 South Africa's Experience with Inflation: A
147 CHAPTER 5 SOUTH AFRICA’S EXPERIENCE WITH INFLATION: A CENTRAL BANK PERSPECTIVE 5.1 Introduction Although a country’s experience with inflation can be reviewed from different perspectives (e.g. the government, the statistical agency responsible for recording inflation, producers, consumers or savers), this chapter reviews South Africa’s experience with inflation from the perspective of the SA Reserve Bank. The SA Reserve Bank was chosen because this study focuses on inflation from a monetary perspective. Reliable inflation data for South Africa are published as far back as 192153, co-inciding with the establishment of the SA Reserve Bank, although rudimentary data on price levels are available as far back as 1895. South Africa’s problems with accelerating inflation since the 1970s are well documented (see for instance De Kock, 1981; De Kock, 1984; Republiek van Suid-Afrika, 1985; Rupert, 1974a; Rupert, 1974b; or Stals, 1989), but various parts (or regions) of what constitutes today the Republic of South Africa have experienced problems with inflation, rising prices or currency depreciation well before 1921. The first example of early inflation in South Africa was caused by currency depreciation. At the time of the second British annexation of the Cape in 1806, the Dutch riksdaalder (“riksdollar”) served as the major local currency in circulation. During the tenure of Caledon, Governor of the Cape Colony from 1807 to 1811, and Cradock, Governor from 1811 to 1814, riksdollar notes in circulation were increased by nearly 50 per cent (Engelbrecht, 1987: 29). As could be expected under circumstances of increasing currency in circulation, the value of the riksdollar in comparison to the British pound sterling and in terms of its purchasing power declined from 4 shillings in 1806 to 1 shilling and 5½ pennies in 1825 (or 53 Tables A1 to C1 in Appendices A to C highlight South Africa’s experience with inflation, as measured by changes in the CPI since 1921. -
RCNA Planchet.Indd
N IO IT ON D 2009PE A SPECIALS RCNARCN CONVENTION EDITION VOL 56. ISSUE 7 August 2009 $4.25 Edmonton RCNA Convention Kicks off As hundreds of convention attendees until the late 1990’s. By 1981 West ood into Edmonton, it is only tting Edmonton Mall the world’s largest that we look back on the history of mall of the time, opened its doors this beautiful city. Anthony Henday, to the public making Edmonton a an explorer hired by the Hudson’s hotspot for tourists from around Bay Company, is thought to be the world. In 1987, an F4 tornado the rst European to set foot in the swept thru Edmonton killing and Edmonton Area in 1754. By 1795 injuring dozens of people. According Fort Edmonton was established to then mayor, Laurence Decore, to facilitate fur trading with the Edmonton’s response showed it to be aboriginal peoples. The name of the a true “City of Champions”. In the This Issue fort was chosen after Edmonton, last decade Edmonton has become England, the home town of the HBC Canada’s economic engine with Anatomy of a Medal governor, Sir James Winter Lake. The many of its residents working in the On L.S.D. rich land and economic prosperity in booming oil sector. Canadian Coin History the region drew many settlers, and in The rst CNA convention to be 1904 Edmonton was incorporated as held in the city took place in 1979, Tax Time a city with a population of 8,350. In then under the Edmonton Coin Club. -
CY19 January a Collection of Bitcoin Commentary from the Brightest
CY19 January A collection of Bitcoin commentary from the brightest minds in the crypto community. Crypto Words CY19 January Contents Goals and Scope ......................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Support Crypto Words .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Cryptocurrency: The Canary in the Coal Mine.................................................................................................. 4 Tweetstorm: Bitcoin’s 10 Year Anniversary ......................................................................................................... 6 Bitcoin: Two Parts Math, One Part Biology .......................................................................................................... 8 Planting Bitcoin - Season (2/4) .................................................................................................................................... 12 Planting Bitcoin - Gardening (4/4) ............................................................................................................................ 18 Planting Bitcoin — Soil (3/4) .......................................................................................................................................... 25 Planting Bitcoin — Species (1/4) ............................................................................................................................... -
A Brief Study of the Evolution of the Currency And
A BRIEF STUDY OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE CURRENCY AND BANKING SYSTEM OF NIGERIA, WEST AFRICIA 1825-1964 A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Division of Business and Business Education Kansas State Teachers College, Emporia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science by Peter Agomo ~zeocha May 1969 lent cSl/~-' 2833?SZf ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To Dr. Richard Brown of the Division of Business and Business Education, Kansas State Teachers College, EITlporia, under whose guidance and suggestions this study was ITlade, I aITl iITlITlensely indebted,- and consequently I wish to express ITly sincere gratitude. I am also appreciative of the assistance given to ITle by Dr. RaYITlond Russell and Mr. Carl Birchard of the Division of Business and Business Education whose assistance contributed to ITlaking this study a reality. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE 1. THE PROBLEM AND DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED 1 The Problem _ 1 Statement of the problem 1 Importance of the study 2 Limitations of the study 3 Definitions of Terms Used 3 Pound 3 Shillings 3 Pennies 4 Development bank 4 Sterling 4 Commercial banks 4 Paid-up capital 5 Fixed deposit 5 Comptroller of the currency 5 Lagos 5 Currency note 5 Bullion. 6 West African Currency Board 6 iv CHAPTER PAGE Bankers clearing house 6 Grams of fine gold 6 Legal tender currency 6 Cowvies 7 Plan of the Study 7 Procedure 7 II. THE REVIEW OF THE LITERA TURE 10 III. BACKGROUND 21 The Country and Its Three Regions 21 Historical sketch 22 Government ,. 23 Economy 24 Transport and Communication 24 Waterways 24 Ports 25 Roads 25 Railroads 26 Airways 26 Post telecommunications and broadcasting 26 Resource and Trade 27 Main exports 27 v CHAPTER PAGE Main imports . -
Exchange Rate Arrangements and Currency Convertibility: Developments and Issues
WORLD ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL SURVEYS Exchange Rate Arrangements and Currency Convertibility Developments and Issues Prepared by a Staff Team led by R. Barry Johnston with Mark Swinburne Alexander Kyei Bernard Laurens David Mitchem Inci Otker Susana Sosa Natalia Tamirisal INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND Washington, DC 1999 ©International Monetary Fund. Not for Redistribution © 1999 International Monetary Fund Production: IMF Graphics Section Figures: Theodore F. Peters, Jr. Typesetting: Joseph Ashok Kumar ISBN 1-55775-795-X ISSN 0258-7440 Price: US$25.00 (US$20.00 to full-time faculty members and students at universities and colleges) Please send orders to: International Monetary Fund, Publication Services 700 19th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20431, U.S.A. Tel: (202) 623-7430 Telefax: (202) 623-7201 E-mail: [email protected] Internet:http://www.imf.org recycled paper ©International Monetary Fund. Not for Redistribution Contents Page Preface vii List of Abbreviations ix Part I I Overview 1 II Convertibility of Currencies for Current International Payments and Transfers 6 The IMF's Jurisdictional View of Exchange Restrictions 6 Trends in Exchange Controls on Payments for Current Account Transactions and Current Transfers 9 Coordinating Exchange and Trade Liberalization 11 Bilateralism and Regionalism 11 Procedures for Acceptance of Obligations of Article VIII, Sections 2, 3, and 4 12 III Controls on Capital Movements 14 Information on Capital Controls 14 Structure of Capital Controls 14 Trends in Controls on Capital Movements 17 Promoting -
An Analysis of the Impact of Exchange Rate Fluctuations on Economic Growth of Nigeria
NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES ECONOMIC DEPARTMENT MASTER’S PROGRAMME MASTER’S THESIS AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATIONS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH OF NIGERIA UMAR ALIYU SHUAIBU NICOSIA 2017 NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES ECONOMIC DEPARTMENT MASTER’S PROGRAMME MASTER’S THESIS AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATIONS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH OF NIGERIA PREPARED BY UMAR ALIYU SHUAIBU 20156331 THESIS SUPERVISOR DR. BEHIYE ÇAVUŞOĞLU NICOSIA 2017 NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Economics Master’s Program Thesis Defence An Analysis of the Impact of Exchange Rate Fluctuations on Economic Growth of Nigeria Prepared by Umar Aliyu Shuaibu 20156331 We Certify the Thesis Is Satisfactory for the Award of the Degree of Master of Science in Economics Examining Committee Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Özdeşer Chairman, Department of Economics, Near East University. Dr. Behiye Çavuşoğlu Supervisor, Department of Economics, Near East University. Dr. Berna Serener Department of Economics, Near East University. Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa Sağsan Acting Director iv DEDICATION This research work is above all dedicated to Almighty Allah who through his infinite mercy guides and protects me throughout my programme. The project is therefore dedicated to my sincere beloved parents, Late Alhaji Shuaibu Aliyu and Hajiya Khadija (Mama) Umar, as an abstract reward for the foundation they laid in me from my non- existing to what I am presently. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the name of Allah, the most beneficent and the most merciful. All praises are due to Allah the Lord of the worlds. -
Working Paper Series* Department of Economics Alfred Lerner College of Business & Economics University of Delaware
WORKING PAPER SERIES* DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS ALFRED LERNER COLLEGE OF BUSINESS & ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE WORKING PAPER NO. 2010-03 CROATIAN WAGE INEQUALITY AND WAGE DIFFERENTIALS, 1970-2008: MEASUREMENT AND DETERMINANTS Ivo Bicanic, Saul D. Hoffman, and Oriana Vukoja ____________________________ *http://lerner.udel.edu/economics/workingpaper.htm .© 2010 by author(s). All rights reserved. CROATIAN WAGE INEQUALITY AND WAGE DIFFERENTIALS, 1970-2008: MEASUREMENT AND DETERMINANTS Ivo Bicanic, Saul D. Hoffman, and Oriana Vukoja June, 2010 Bicanic, Professor of Economics, University of Zagreb; Hoffman, Professor of Economics, University of Delaware; Vukoja, Teaching Assistant, University of Zagreb. This research was supported by Title VIII funds from the U.S. Department of State through a grant administered by the University of Delaware. This paper was prepared for presentation at the University of Delaware Title VIII Research Conference, Sofia, Bulgaria, July 1-2, 2010. 1. Introduction The primary goal of this project is to offer a reliable measurement of medium-term changes of wage inequality and wage differentials in Croatia from 1970 (when the first data was collected) to 2008 (the most recent data available at the time of writing). This period covers, of course, a tumultuous time for Croatia and the Croatian economy: the fall of socialism, hyperinflation, and the Homeland war. We focus on the two most often used inequality measures, the Gini coefficient and the Theil index, using data on wage differences by level of education and vocational training and also by income intervals. We also examine differences over time in inequality for key industrial sectors that were arguable affected quite differently by the many shocks that the Croatian economy experienced over this time period. -
Atlanta-Constitution
THE TOE ST ItfBARJD STANDARD SOVTHERff SOUTHERN NEWSPAPER THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION NEVTSPAPER\ Dally Md S»n««3>, carrier delivery, 12 cent* weekly. Vol. XLVIL—^o. 190. ATLANTA, TUESDAY MOKNIN0, DECEMBER 22, 1914. —SIXTEEN PAGE& Sburlf eoplea on tfce »t»e««» and at aemnrtand*, 0 eeata. ZEPPELIN SHEDS 9 -n HAIL OF BULLETS SET ON FIRE BY ILL ACT This Russian Princess Only Woman Fighting Fierce in West ALLIED AVIATORS Aviator in ^Actual Service in War Fl London, December Sa.—(3:35 a m.)— As Allies Press Germans A Dunkirk dispatch to The Daily Mail says that aviators of the allies visited Brussels and dropped bombs on th« All Along Battle Front Zeppelin sheds, Which were set afire. AT MEETING TODAY In a nisrht raid the airmen of the allies flew from Dunkirk over the German coast positions and dropped twelve French (Official Statement Mrs. Fair Dodd's Alarm bombs, doing considerable damage. Advocates of the Proposed v Claims Advance on Entire Results in the Capture of They returned in safety. \ Election Are ^ Confident Line, But Germans Also Alleged Turkey Thief by That Necessary Steps Will Claim Victories in This Be Taken This Afternoon. Captain Si Donaldson. ALEXANDER Section and the Capture of Prisoners. ROBBERIES CONTINUE » MAYSON MAKES DRAFT Prohibition Measure, Voted DESPITE NEW PATROL E OF HORSEY OF BOND ORDINANCE On in House Today, Ex- pected to Lack Necessary RUSSIANS MAKING Frank Attorney Leaves for DETERMINED STAND Supernumeraries Are In- Estimated Atlanta's School Two-Thirds Vote. Washington to Make Ef- IN WARSAW ATTACK formed That Their Jobs Pfqperty Is Worth $1,716,- fort There to Secure Su- By John Corrigan, Jr.