DOCSLIB.ORG

Dairy Animal Population in Saarc Countries

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Dairy Animal Population in Saarc Countries SAARC Dairy Outlook Compiled and Edited by Dr. Md. Nure Alam Siddiky Senior Program Officer SAARC Agriculture Centre SAARC Agriculture Centre i SAARC Dairy Outlook Contributors Dr. A. K. Srivastava Director and Vice Chancellor ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) Karnal-132 001 Haryana, India Dr. A. Kumaresan Senior Scientist (Animal Reproduction) Livestock Research Centre ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) Karnal-132 001 Haryana, India Dr. G. R. Patil Joint Director (Academics) ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) Karnal-132 001 Haryana, India Published in November 2015 ISBN: 978-984-33-9790-4 Published by SAARC Agriculture Centre (SAC) BARC Complex, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh Phone: +880-2-58153152, Fax: +880-2-9124596 E-mail: [email protected], Web: www.saarcagri.org Cover Designed by Ms. Mafruha Begum, SPO (I&C) Price US$ 5.00 for SAARC countries US$ 8.00 for other countries Printed at Natundhara Printing Press 277/3 Elephant Road (Kataban Dhal), Dhaka Cell: 01711019691, 01911294855 Email: [email protected] ii Foreword The role of livestock in livelihood, nutritional and food security of millions of people living in SAARC countries has been well understood. Among livestock, dairy animal assumes much significance since dairying is acknowledged as the major instrument in bringing about socio-economic transformation of rural poor and sustainable rural development. Unlike crop which is seasonal, dairying provides a stable, year-round income, which is an important economic incentive for the smallholder farmers. Dairying directly enhance the household income by providing high value output from low value input besides acting as wealth for future investment. It also offers a buffer income to the family during crop-vulnerable calamities. Till date, smallholder dairying is the backbone of dairying and contributes to more than 70 percent of the total milk produced in the region. However, in the recent past, several countries witnessed increase in income levels of the population, especially of large middle class that led to a spurt in demand of quality milk and milk products in the region. It is evident that without much transformation in the existing milk production system, we may not be able to meet the demand for milk and milk products in future. To meet the projected demand of milk and milk products, the region has to equip itself to witness the transformation in dairy sector from subsistence oriented to commercial/semi-commercial oriented activity. Such transformations, although not universal, are already taking place in few SAARC member countries. While promoting the commercialization of dairying in SAARC member countries, we have to exercise some mechanisms to protect the interests of smallholders since dairying is a part of livelihood for these poor people. Any mechanism which ignores livelihood issues would be inequitable and therefore may not find acceptance in the poorer regions of the world. Thus, by facilitating the large scale commercial dairying only, it may not be possible to obtain inclusive growth; however boosting the smallholder dairying as a whole and commercial dairying at identified areas would keep dairying as an instrument of inclusive economic development. Milk processing in the region is still in primitive stage. The total share of the organized sector, cooperatives, government as well as the private sector is very less leaving a lion’s share of the total milk production in the hands of the unorganized sector. The untapped potential of the dairy sector in SAARC member countries is immense and opportunity to set up new ventures for value addition is great. In order to meet the growing domestic as well as export demand, the dairy iii sector must increase its competitiveness in the global market place, by bringing about a qualitative transformation in the unorganized sector, which incidentally meets the entire demand for traditional dairy products, to ensure consumer safety. There is a need to upgrade the dairy value chain to eliminate inefficiencies and lower production and processing costs, while simultaneously increasing milk quality so as to meet domestic and international standards. The dairy industry must bridge the significant quality gaps that exist, meet higher quality standards and seize market opportunities, while defending its domestic market from high- quality imports. Therefore, major transformations in dairy sector are anticipated to impart greater competitiveness and opportunities for value addition. In this document “SAARC Dairy Outlook” we sincerely made an attempt to compile the data related to dairying in different countries of SAARC region and situation analyses of input and delivery system for identifying the points of interventions to boosting dairy production and processing. In gist, this document narrates the facts about the current dairying in the SAARC member countries and envisages the priorities to make the dairying sustainable and more productive with the aim to cater the inclusive development of dairying in the region. It is hoped that this document will provide a wealth of information to the researchers, planners, entrepreneurs and other stakeholders for upliftment of dairy industry in SAARC member countries. I like to convey my sincere appreciation to Dr. M. Mujaffar Hossain, Professor, Bangladesh Agricultural University for editing the final version. Dr. S. M. Bokhtiar Director SAARC Agriculture Centre iv Contents Chapter Topic Page No. Chapter 1 : Importance of livestock in SAARC member countries 1 Chapter 2 : Dairy animal population in SAARC member countries 8 Chapter 3 : Dairy animal breeds 23 Chapter 4 : Dairy animal production systems 32 Chapter 5 : Milk production in SAARC member countries 44 Chapter 6 : Situation analysis of inputs for dairying 58 Chapter 7 : Milk collection and marketing channels 67 Chapter 8 : Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) 90 for dairy development in SAARC member countries Chapter 9 : Subsistence to commercial dairying: Key considerations 93 Chapter 10 : Strategies for boosting dairy production 102 Chapter 11 : Quality control in the traditional and commercial dairy 111 sectors Chapter 12 : Diversification of dairy products by traditional and novel 114 technologies Chapter 13 : Role of private sector and its collaboration with public 138 sector Chapter 14 : Dairy development in SAARC member countries: The 142 way forward References 151 Sources of data 159 v List of Figures Figure 1: Dynamics of dairy animal population in the world 12 Figure 2: Contribution of SAARC member countries to total dairy animal 13 population in the world Figure 3: Distribution of individual dairy animal populations in 14 different SAARC member countries Figure 4: Dynamics of dairy animal population in Afghanistan 15 Figure 5: Dynamics of dairy animal population in Bangladesh 16 Figure 6: Dynamics of dairy animal population in Bhutan 17 Figure 7: Dynamics of dairy animal population in India 18 Figure 8: Dynamics of dairy animal population in Nepal 19 Figure 9: Dynamics of dairy animal population in Pakistan 20 Figure 10: Dynamics of dairy animal population in Sri Lanka 21 Figure 11: World milk production in million tons 46 Figure 12: Top 10 milk producing countries in the world 46 Figure 13: Average individual animal milk production (kg/year) 47 in different countries Figure 14: Contribution of different SAARC member countries to 47 total milk production in the region in 2012 (FAO) Figure 15: Contribution of different animals to total milk produced in the region 48 Figure 16: Trend in total milk production in SAARC member countries 48 Figure 17: Trend in milk production in individual SAARC member countries 49 Figure 18: Contributions of different animals to the total milk production 52 in individual SAARCC member countries Figure 19: Individual animal milk productivity in SAARC member countries 53 Figure 20: Trends of individual animal’s milk productivity in 57 SAARC member countries Figure 21: Product-wise consumption pattern 71 Figure 22: Supply chain of Indian dairy industry 75 Figure 23: Milk marketing channel in Nepal 84 Figure 24: Milk marketing chain in Pakistan 86 Figure 25: Supply chain for milk in Sri Lanka 89 vi Figure 26: Buy-back model for effective use of male germplasm 104 Figure 27: The potential thrust areas in the Indian dairy industry for 140 the PPP to intervene List of Tables Table 1: Annual growth rate of dairy animal population in SAARC 22 member countries Table 2: List of cattle/ types breeds as per SAARC Agriculture Centre study 23 and FAO in different SAARC member countries Table 3: List of buffalo breeds as per FAO in different SAARC member countries 28 Table 4: Yield gap analysis for milk production in cows (2011) 55 Table 5: Yield gap analysis for milk production in buffaloes (2011) 56 Table 6: Gross chemical composition of cow and buffalo milk 130 Table 7: Physical properties of buffalo and cow milk 132 vii Chapter 1 IMPORTANCE OF LIVESTOCK IN SAARC COUNTRIES The livestock sector is one of the fastest growing segments of the agricultural economy, particularly in the developing world. Livestock are central to the livelihood and nutritional security of the poor community. The contribution of livestock to livelihoods of millions of people in SAARC member countries are well beyond the production for household consumption or for market. Besides their monitory benefit and providing a steady stream of food and revenues for households. Livestock provide employment to the family,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Country Report on Animal Genetic Resources of India
    COUNTRY REPORT ON ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES OF INDIA DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY & DAIRYING MINISTRY OF AGRICUCLTURE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA Preparation of Country Report on AnGR Training for the preparation of Country Report was provided by the FAO (at Bangkok) to three Scientists viz. Dr. D K Sadana, PS from NBAGR, Dr. A. Batobyal, Jt. Commissioner, GOI and Dr. Vineet Bhasin, Sr. Scientist, ICAR. The NBAGR, Karnal was identified as the Nodal Institute to prepare the draft Country Report. The scientists of the Animal Genetic Resources Division prepared answers to the background questions, collected livestock data from various sources, examined, discussed and compiled the received input. Chief Nodal Officers of the five regions of the country (North, West, South, East and North East) were identified to coordinate the collection of information from the Nodal Officers (Data contributors) from different states of the Country. Three national workshops were organized, two at NBAGR, Karnal and one at UAS, Bangalore.In the National Workshops, the Nodal Officers from different states were given training and guidelines for answering the background questions. Subsequently, the Draft Report was updated with the details received from nodal officers and other data contributors. Following scientists have contributed in writing and preparation of the Draft Country Report on AnGR: 1. Dr. V.K. Taneja, DDG (AS), ICAR, New Delhi 2. Dr. S.P.S. Ahlawat, Director, NBAGR, National Coordinator 3. Dr. D.K. Sadana, P.S., Organising Secretary 4. Dr. Anand Jain, Sr. Scientist & Support Scientist for NE Region 5. Dr. P.K. Vij, Sr. Scientist & Chief Nodal Officer - Northern Region 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Unit 4 Milch Breeds
    UNIT 4 MILCH BREEDS Structure 4.0 Objectives 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Milch Breeds of Cattle Indigenous Milch and Dual-purpose Breed Exotic Dairy Cattle Breeds Synthetic Crossbred Cattle Strains Breed Improvement in Cattle 4.3 Milch Breeds of Buffaloes Breed Improvement in Buffaloes 4.4 Milch Breeds of Goats Indigenous Goat breeds Exotic Dairy Goat Breeds Breed Improvement in Goats 4.5 Let Us Sum Up 4.6 Key Words 4.7 Some Useful Books 4.8 Answers to check your Progress 4.0 OBJECTIVES After reading this unit, we shall be able to: enumerate the names of different milch breeds of cattle, buffalo and goat; state the distribution of these breeds in their respective home tracts; describe the physical characteristics of these breeds; performance of these breeds; specify the reproduction and production; and indicate the concept of breed improvement. 4.1 INTRODUCTION Cattle, buffalo and goats constituting 404.1 million population are three major domestic animal species, which contribute over 91.0 million tonnes milk in the country. The buffaloes contribute maximum (52%) to total milk production followed by cattle (45%) and goats (3%). There are large number of well descript breeds of cattle, buffalo and goats which are widely distributed under different agro-climatic regions. Besides these, there is large population of non-descript animals. A breed is a group of inter-breeding domestic animals of a species. It shows similarity among its individuals in certain distinguishable characteristics (colour, shape, size of body parts). The breeds have been developed as a result of selection and breeding based on the needs of mankind as well as adaptation to agro-climatic conditions of their native home tracts.
    [Show full text]
  • Study of Certain Reproductive and Productive Performance Parameters
    The Pharma Innovation Journal 2020; 9(9): 270-274 ISSN (E): 2277- 7695 ISSN (P): 2349-8242 NAAS Rating: 5.03 Study of certain reproductive and productive TPI 2020; 9(9): 270-274 © 2020 TPI performance parameters of malnad gidda cattle in its www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 21-06-2020 native tract Accepted: 07-08-2020 Murugeppa A Murugeppa A, Tandle MK, Shridhar NB, Prakash N, Sahadev A, Vijaya Associate Professor and Head, Department of Veterinary Kumar Shettar, Nagaraja BN and Renukaradhya GJ Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Veterinary College, Shivamogga, Abstract Karnataka, India The study was conducted to establish baseline information pertaining to productive and reproductive performance of Malnad Gidda and its crossbred in Shivamogga District of Karnataka. The data from 286 Tandle MK animals reared by 98 farmers from Thirtahalli, Hosanagara and Sagara taluks of Shivamogga district Director of Instruction (PGS), Karnataka Veterinary Animal were collected through a structured questionnaire. The parameters such as age at puberty (25.15±0.29 and Fisheries University, Bidar, months); age at first calving (39.32±2.99 months); dry period (6.22±1.26 months); calving interval Karnataka, India (13.68±2.55 months); gestation period (282.14±9.03 days); service period (136.73±10.03 days); lactation length (258.22 ± 10.95 days); milk yield per day (3.69±0.32 kg); total milk yield (227.19±8.31 kg); days Shridhar NB to reach peak milk yield (46.19±0.51 day); birth weight of the new born calf (8.71±0.45 kg); time taken Professor and Head, Department for placental expulsion of placenta (4.63±0.39 hours); onset of postpartum estrous (77.64±1.98 days); of Veterinary Pharmacology and Duration of estrous period (15.25±1.67 hours); time of ovulation (15.15 ± 1.7 hours) and length of estrus Toxicology, Veterinary College cycle (22.63±2.96.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Diversity Among Indian Gir, Deoni and Kankrej Cattle Breeds Based on Microsatellite Markers
    Indian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 9, April 2010, pp 126-130 Genetic diversity among Indian Gir, Deoni and Kankrej cattle breeds based on microsatellite markers D S Kale*, D N Rank, C G Joshi 1, B R Yadav 2, P G Koringa, K M Thakkar, T C Tolenkhomba 2 and J V Solanki Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding and 1Department of Animal Biotechnology College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388 001, India 2Livestock Genome Analysis Laboratory, Dairy Cattle Breeding Division National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal 132 001, India Received 27 October 2008; revised 17 June 2009; accepted 20 August 2009 The present study was conducted to examine genetic diversity, genetic differentiation and genetic relationship among Gir, Deoni and Kankrej cattle breeds using microsatellite markers. The number of alleles observed at different loci ranged from 5 (HEL5) to 8 (CSRM60) with a total of 46 alleles across three breeds. The overall heterozygosity and polymorphic information content (PIC) values were 0.730 and 0.749, respectively. Nei’s standard genetic distance was least between Gir and Kankrej and highest between Deoni and Kankrej. In the analyzed loci, an overall significant deficit of heterozygotes across these breeds was found and it could be due to inbreeding within breeds. The overall genetic differentiation ( FST ) among breeds was moderate, but significantly different. All loci, except INRA035, contributed significantly to the overall differentiation. The highest FST values were found in HEL5 and lowest in INRA035. The overall Nem value indicated a high rate of genetic flow between the breeds, which is in agreement with their origin of close proximity in the geographical area.
    [Show full text]
  • BULLETIN (Nov 2017-Dec 2018)
    1 Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence PT POINTERS–2020 TEA TIME BULLetin- 360-PT shots TEA TIME BULLETIN NEWSPAPER –360-PT Shots (Nov 2017-Dec 2018) © Copyright Aspire IAS All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of Aspire lAS. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com 8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved 2 Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence PT POINTERS–2020 TEA TIME BULLetin- 360-PT shots 1. Rohingyas • children affected by disasters and climate • Sufi induced Sunni Muslim. change etc • Lived in Burma since 12th century after India, 4. International vaccine institute China. at Seoul, South Korea • Stateless started in 1997 • Their dialect is Bengali by the initiative of UNDP • Other ethnic groups of Myanmar: - India full time member Bamar 5. Indian Pharma and medical device 2017 Shan conference Karen Themes: Kachin • Medical devices – ‘shaping the future- making the right choices’ Chin • Karenni Pharma – ‘shaping future of Indian Pharma’ Mon 6. Dhanush guns Kokang Chinese • upgraded version of Bofors Howitzer Rakhine • upgraded by Ordnance Factory Board Rohingyas Jabalpur 2. Factors affecting BIOME • maximum range 40 km Temperature [mean + variation] 7. Intergovernmental oceanographic Moisture Commission -150 members country Sunlight 8. Clouds are the result of adiabatic cooling Growing season generally. Soil 9. Golconda Fort important for diamonds, Drainage underground tunnel and clap sound that can Wind be heard even at the roof.
    [Show full text]
  • Complaint Report
    EXHIBIT A ARKANSAS LIVESTOCK & POULTRY COMMISSION #1 NATURAL RESOURCES DR. LITTLE ROCK, AR 72205 501-907-2400 Complaint Report Type of Complaint Received By Date Assigned To COMPLAINANT PREMISES VISITED/SUSPECTED VIOLATOR Name Name Address Address City City Phone Phone Inspector/Investigator's Findings: Signed Date Return to Heath Harris, Field Supervisor DP-7/DP-46 SPECIAL MATERIALS & MARKETPLACE SAMPLE REPORT ARKANSAS STATE PLANT BOARD Pesticide Division #1 Natural Resources Drive Little Rock, Arkansas 72205 Insp. # Case # Lab # DATE: Sampled: Received: Reported: Sampled At Address GPS Coordinates: N W This block to be used for Marketplace Samples only Manufacturer Address City/State/Zip Brand Name: EPA Reg. #: EPA Est. #: Lot #: Container Type: # on Hand Wt./Size #Sampled Circle appropriate description: [Non-Slurry Liquid] [Slurry Liquid] [Dust] [Granular] [Other] Other Sample Soil Vegetation (describe) Description: (Place check in Water Clothing (describe) appropriate square) Use Dilution Other (describe) Formulation Dilution Rate as mixed Analysis Requested: (Use common pesticide name) Guarantee in Tank (if use dilution) Chain of Custody Date Received by (Received for Lab) Inspector Name Inspector (Print) Signature Check box if Dealer desires copy of completed analysis 9 ARKANSAS LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY COMMISSION #1 Natural Resources Drive Little Rock, Arkansas 72205 (501) 225-1598 REPORT ON FLEA MARKETS OR SALES CHECKED Poultry to be tested for pullorum typhoid are: exotic chickens, upland birds (chickens, pheasants, pea fowl, and backyard chickens). Must be identified with a leg band, wing band, or tattoo. Exemptions are those from a certified free NPIP flock or 90-day certificate test for pullorum typhoid. Water fowl need not test for pullorum typhoid unless they originate from out of state.
    [Show full text]
  • Annexure 1.Pmd
    Annual Report 2019-20 ANNEXURE 1 NEW P ROJECTS & STUDENT PROFILE 663 Annual Report 2019-20 NEW P ROJECTS (April 2019- March 2020) Sl Funding Category Title Coordinator Starting Date Cost Status No. Agency 1 BWS Sc. Hydro Geological Investigation for Assessing Sub Surface Ground Tarit Roychowdhury 07-04-2017 1437750 R Water Potential in Selected Blocks of Bankura District West Bengal 2 CSIR Sc. Autophagy and Aging Functional and Physical Association of Parimal Karmakar 26-07-2016 1980000 R Human Premature Aging Syndrome Protein Wrn 3 CSIR Sc. Collodial and Solution Behaviour of Carbohydrate Based Polymer in Soumen Ghosh 01-06-2016 1896000 R Presence of Surfactant,Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Including Solvent 4 CSIR Engg. Strategies for Dereplication of Novel Anti Diabetic Leads From Saikat Dewanjee 01-12-2016 2296000 R Myrica Esculenta : A Skkim HimalayanPlant 5 CSIR Sc. Metalion Sensors Synthesis Recognitions and Protein Binding Studies Mahammad Ali 01-05-2017 1000000 R 6 CSIR Sc. Chiral Induction into Metal-Organic Frameworks for Heterogeneous Subrata Nath Koner 01-05-2018 525000 R Asymmetric Catalysis 7 CSIR Sc. Design of Multichannel Receptors for Anions by Taking Profit Sujoy Baitalik 01-05-2018 366667 R of Metal-Ligand Interaction 8 CSIR Sc. Development and Analysis....sustainability Bibhas Chandra Giri 01-04-2018 1816530 R 9 CSIR Sc. Modelling and Analysis.........Nonlinear incidence Nandadulal Bairagi 01-04-2018 1896000 R 10 CSIR Engg. Studies on electrokineticefect from photovoltaic system Biswajit Ghosh 01-09-2018 1476000 R 11 CSIR Sc. Synthesis of Oligosaccharides and Glycoconjugates Related Rina Ghosh 01-04-2018 R to Salmonella to Salmonella O-antigen With Special Reference to one-Pot Glycosylation Reactions 12 CSIR Sc.
    [Show full text]
  • Purpose of Dairy Its Maintenance and Product
    1 Article Manual Food Technology By Arjun Shukla B.Sc Biotechnology M.Sc. Zoology (Entomology) Mitali Gupta B.E (Electrical & Electronic Engg.), M.E. Control System Purpose of dairy its Maintenance and Product 2 Introduction: India derives nearly 33% of the gross Domestic population from agriculture and has 66% of economically active population, engaged in agriculture. The share of livestock product is estimated at 21% of total agriculture sector. The fact that dairying could play a more constructive role in promoting rural welfare and reducing poverty is increasly being recognized. Milk production alone involves more than 70 million producers, each raising one or two cows/ buffaloes primarily for milk production. The domesticated water buffalo is one of the gentlest of all farm animals; hence it can be breeded easily. The dairy sector offers a good opportunity to entrepreneurs in India. India is a land of opportunity for those who are looking for new and expanding markets. Growth prospects in the dairy sector are very bright. Dairy development in India has been acknowledged the world over as one of modern India’s most successful development programme. India is the second largest milk producing country with anticipated production of about 78 million tons during 1999- 2000. The production of milk products stood at 3.07 lakh tones in 1999-2000. Production of milk powder including infant milk food has risen to 2.25 lakh tons in 1999- 2000, whereas that of malted food is at 65000 tons. Off late market for milk products is showing a steady increase. Dairy farming has been part of agriculture for thousands of years, but it was usually done on a small scale on mixed farms with little distinction between dairy cattle and beef cattle.
    [Show full text]
  • Involvement of Women in Dairy Enterprise and Used Modern
    International Journal of Home Science 2017; 3(3): 234-237 ISSN: 2395-7476 IJHS 2017; 3(3): 234-237 © 2017 IJHS Involvement of women in dairy enterprise and used www.homesciencejournal.com Received: 10-07-2017 modern technologies and training needs in dairy Accepted: 11-08-2017 farming Suchita Mishra C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Suchita Mishra, Neelma Kunwar and Smita Tripathi Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India Abstract Neelma Kunwar Dairying is recognized as an instrument for social and economic development. Indian dairy is a classic C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, example of production by masses rather than mass production. The nation’s milk supply comes from Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India millions of small producers, dispersed throughout the rural areas. A wide range of milk producers (around 70 million rural households) viz. landless labourers, marginal, small, medium and large farmers Smita Tripathi are engaged in dairy farming in India. Technology support for enhancing the livelihood security of C.S. Azad University of millions of dairy farmers and ensuring sustainable development of dairy sector in the country is in main Agriculture and Technology, focus now. Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India Keywords: Involvement, dairy enterprise, technologies, training needs Introduction Dairy farming is one of the important enterprises which dominate the economic activities of the woman in the rural areas of India. Increasing demand for milk and milk products in recent years intensifies dairy farming as profitable enterprise for rural woman. The woman entrepreneurs have been confronting to several constraints in this sector which hinder their way for development.
    [Show full text]
  • Performance of Crossbred Dairy Cattle at Military Dairy Farms in Pakistan
    Hassan and Khan The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 23(3): 2013, Page:J.705 Anim.-714 Plant Sci. 23(3):2013 ISSN: 1018-7081 PERFORMANCE OF CROSSBRED DAIRY CATTLE AT MILITARY DAIRY FARMS IN PAKISTAN F. Hassan and M. S. Khan Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Crossbreeding has been considered as a quick way of increasing performance of low productive tropical breeds. Crossbreeding of indigenous cattle with exotic such as Holstein is underway in Pakistan for the last four decades. Data on first lactation milk yield of crossbred dairy cattle (n=2025) from three Military dairy herds for 1985-2006 were used for this study to evaluate performance of crossbred dairy cattle. The exotic cattle represented mainly Holstein while Jersey, Ayrshire and Red Dane were also used sporadically. The local cattle were generally Sahiwal. The total first lactation milk yield for crossbreds averaged 1633±47.0 kg. The highest total milk yield was found for Neelum Military dairy farm (2328±62.3 kg) and lowest for Lahore Military dairy farm (1356±50.1 kg). These values had almost 1000 kg range. The first lactation length in this study averaged 240±5.5 days. Cows had longest lactation length at Neelum Military farm (264±6.8 days) while cows at Lahore Military farm (229±5.5 days) had the shorter lactations. First lactation performance of different genetic groups showed higher total milk yield for 50% exotic inheritance (1749±33.3 kg) as compared to all other genetic groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Snomed Ct Dicom Subset of January 2017 Release of Snomed Ct International Edition
    SNOMED CT DICOM SUBSET OF JANUARY 2017 RELEASE OF SNOMED CT INTERNATIONAL EDITION EXHIBIT A: SNOMED CT DICOM SUBSET VERSION 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The Scmc Chronicle ISSUE NO.2 2020 ART, CULTURE & LIFESTYLE SUPPLEMENT
    THE SCMC CHRONICLE ISSUE NO.2 2020 ART, CULTURE & LIFESTYLE SUPPLEMENT From Japan, with Love India Reimagines the Wabori art in tattoos Reminiscing on Identity A Journey to the Roots A Whiff of the East Indians are embracing Food Tales Korean Culture The Migratory Tale of Indian delicacies The Music of Migration A new era of music is born out of fusion 2 THE SCMC CHRONICLE THE SCMC CHRONICLE Word Search About the theme WORD SEARCH By- Vidushi Singh I TMBW I SOUV E N I RD ndian culture is a product of change. Stories of the Iland, as old as time, speak not only of traditions and CNROIHDTETYHHOI rituals, but also of assimilation. The Indian shores welcomed OOFADREEORIGINS ingredients that we know today as our own: potatoes, MAR LDE TRNPUQSUP tomatoes, chilli. Across a history of battles, Indian culture carved a home for the Mughal way of things into its food, MSNEU I RH I TDOT X L THE SCMC CHRONICLE its language, its architecture. Even our colonizers left a trace U S L OS X T N P T I OOMA Managing Editor: Dr. Sreeram Gopalkrishnan on our cultural habits – but we seamlessly folded it into our Consulting Editor: Liji Ravindran N I DESEF I I LATR I C Executive Editor: Anushka Mukherjee life, as we have always done. The diversity of art, culture, Associate Editor: Sharwari Kale IMI LGTTAOSAGYGE food and architecture in India invites you to ask: how much Visuals Editor: Govind Choudhary TIAJAIATMNACERM Assistant Editor (Visuals): Tshewang Choden of it is a product of migration? Design: Raghvendra Singh Chouhan Every day, people leave their hometowns and migrate to a YLSOONTLL IKTEAE Assistant (Design) : Passang Lhamo QAPBSUGIGELL I TN Reporting: Students, SCMC different part of the country – for jobs, for an education, for a new life.
    [Show full text]