GRAS Notice 000686, Curcumin from Turmeric (Curcuma Longa
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Potential Applications of Curcumin and Curcumin Nanoparticles: from Traditional Therapeutics to Modern Nanomedicine
Nanotechnol Rev 2015; 4(2): 161–172 Review Mahendra Rai*, Raksha Pandit, Swapnil Gaikwad, Alka Yadav and Aniket Gade Potential applications of curcumin and curcumin nanoparticles: from traditional therapeutics to modern nanomedicine Abstract: Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is one of the regions throughout the world and widely cultivated in potent, nontoxic, and major bioactive components pre- Asian countries, mostly in India and China [2, 3]. sent in turmeric. The major drawbacks of curcumin are Curcumin was isolated for the first time in 1815, while low absorption and poor bioavailability. The present its chemical structure was determined in 1973 by Rough- review highlights on the methods for the fabrication of ley and Whiting (Figure 1). The melting point of curcumin curcumin nanoparticles and their applications in treat- is 176–177°C, and it forms red to brown-colored salts when ment of cancer and wound infections. Curcumin nano- treated with alkalis [4]. Commercial curcumin possess particles possess remarkable antibacterial, antiviral, and approximately 77% diferuloylmethane, 17% demethoxy- antiprotozoan activity. Hence, curcumin nanoparticle- curcumin (Figure 2), and 6% bisdemethoxycurcumin [5] loaded nano-gel, microemulsion, and nano-cream can be (Figure 3). Curcumin is a natural compound, which is used for drug delivery. hydrophobic in nature. It consists of two polyphenolic rings, which are substituted by methoxy ether at the Keywords: antimicrobial activity; curcumin; curcumin ortho position, and tautomerization of curcumin arises nanoparticles. in a pH-dependent condition [6]; in neutral and acidic conditions, curcumin possesses a bis-keto form [1,7-bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione]. DOI 10.1515/ntrev-2015-0001 Received January 2, 2015; accepted February 4, 2015; previously pub- Curcumin functions as an antioxidant, anti-inflamma- lished online March 19, 2015 tory, and anti-atherosclerotic. -
Chemical Composition and Product Quality Control of Turmeric
Stephen F. Austin State University SFA ScholarWorks Faculty Publications Agriculture 2011 Chemical composition and product quality control of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Shiyou Li Stephen F Austin State University, Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, [email protected] Wei Yuan Stephen F Austin State University, Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, [email protected] Guangrui Deng Ping Wang Stephen F Austin State University, Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, [email protected] Peiying Yang See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/agriculture_facultypubs Part of the Natural Products Chemistry and Pharmacognosy Commons, and the Pharmaceutical Preparations Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Recommended Citation Li, Shiyou; Yuan, Wei; Deng, Guangrui; Wang, Ping; Yang, Peiying; and Aggarwal, Bharat, "Chemical composition and product quality control of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)" (2011). Faculty Publications. Paper 1. http://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/agriculture_facultypubs/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Agriculture at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Shiyou Li, Wei Yuan, Guangrui Deng, Ping Wang, Peiying Yang, and Bharat Aggarwal This article is available at SFA ScholarWorks: http://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/agriculture_facultypubs/1 28 Pharmaceutical Crops, 2011, 2, 28-54 Open Access Chemical Composition and Product Quality Control of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) ,1 1 1 1 2 3 Shiyou Li* , Wei Yuan , Guangrui Deng , Ping Wang , Peiying Yang and Bharat B. Aggarwal 1National Center for Pharmaceutical Crops, Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, Stephen F. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.421,180 B2 Zielinski Et Al
USOO9421 180B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.421,180 B2 Zielinski et al. (45) Date of Patent: Aug. 23, 2016 (54) ANTIOXIDANT COMPOSITIONS FOR 6,203,817 B1 3/2001 Cormier et al. .............. 424/464 TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATION OR 6,323,232 B1 1 1/2001 Keet al. ............ ... 514,408 6,521,668 B2 2/2003 Anderson et al. ..... 514f679 OXIDATIVE DAMAGE 6,572,882 B1 6/2003 Vercauteren et al. ........ 424/451 6,805,873 B2 10/2004 Gaudout et al. ....... ... 424/401 (71) Applicant: Perio Sciences, LLC, Dallas, TX (US) 7,041,322 B2 5/2006 Gaudout et al. .............. 424/765 7,179,841 B2 2/2007 Zielinski et al. .. ... 514,474 (72) Inventors: Jan Zielinski, Vista, CA (US); Thomas 2003/0069302 A1 4/2003 Zielinski ........ ... 514,452 Russell Moon, Dallas, TX (US); 2004/0037860 A1 2/2004 Maillon ...... ... 424/401 Edward P. Allen, Dallas, TX (US) 2004/0091589 A1 5, 2004 Roy et al. ... 426,265 s s 2004/0224004 A1 1 1/2004 Zielinski ..... ... 424/442 2005/0032882 A1 2/2005 Chen ............................. 514,456 (73) Assignee: Perio Sciences, LLC, Dallas, TX (US) 2005, 0137205 A1 6, 2005 Van Breen ..... 514,252.12 2005. O154054 A1 7/2005 Zielinski et al. ............. 514,474 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 2005/0271692 Al 12/2005 Gervasio-Nugent patent is extended or adjusted under 35 et al. ............................. 424/401 2006/0173065 A1 8/2006 BeZwada ...................... 514,419 U.S.C. 154(b) by 19 days. 2006/O193790 A1 8/2006 Doyle et al. -
Inferring the Phylogeny and Divergence of Chinese Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) in the Hengduan Mountains of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau by Reduced Representation Sequencing
Article Inferring the Phylogeny and Divergence of Chinese Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) in the Hengduan Mountains of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau by Reduced Representation Sequencing Heng Liang 1,†, Jiabin Deng 2,†, Gang Gao 3, Chunbang Ding 1, Li Zhang 4, Ke Xu 5, Hong Wang 6 and Ruiwu Yang 1,* 1 College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China; [email protected] (H.L.); [email protected] (C.D.) 2 School of Geography and Resources, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China; [email protected] 3 College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; [email protected] 4 College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China; [email protected] 5 Sichuan Horticultural Crop Technical Extension Station, Chengdu 610041, China; [email protected] 6 Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] † These authors have contributed equally to this work. Abstract: Clarifying the genetic relationship and divergence among Curcuma L. (Zingiberaceae) species around the world is intractable, especially among the species located in China. In this study, Citation: Liang, H.; Deng, J.; Gao, G.; Reduced Representation Sequencing (RRS), as one of the next generation sequences, has been applied Ding, C.; Zhang, L.; Xu, K.; Wang, H.; to infer large scale genotyping of major Chinese Curcuma species which present little differentiation Yang, R. Inferring the Phylogeny and of morphological characteristics and genetic traits. The 1295 high-quality SNPs (reduced-filtered Divergence of Chinese Curcuma SNPs) were chosen from 997,988 SNPs of which were detected from the cleaned 437,061 loci by (Zingiberaceae) in the Hengduan RRS to investigate the phylogeny and divergence among eight major Curcuma species locate in the Mountains of the Qinghai–Tibet Hengduan Mountains of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) in China. -
Lecture 6 OTC GERD/Heartburn Meghji
Lecture 6 OTC GERD/Heartburn Meghji GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE: ALARM SYMPTOMS & WHEN TO REFER: • “A condition that develops when the reflux • Chest pain: radiating pain to shoulders, neck, arm, SOB, sweating of stomach contents causes troublesome • Vomiting: continuous/recurrent symptoms and/or complications” • GI blood loss: hematemesis, melena WHY CHECK FOR ALARM SX? (Montreal Classification) • Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), especially solids Symptoms could be due or lead to: • Most common symptoms for mild GERD: • Odynophagia (severe pain on swallowing) • Cardiac disease o Heartburn (burning sensation along • Unexplained weight loss > 5% • PUD esophagus) • Unexplained cough, wheezing, choking, hoarseness • Malignancy o Regurgitation (acid/bile that rises to • Age > 50 years old with new symptoms • Functional dyspepsia the back of the throat) • Severe symptoms (frequency, rating) • Biliary disease • Features: • Nocturnal symptoms • Other o May wax and wane • Failure of 2 week H2RA/PPI therapy o Worse when lying down, bending over, or after a meal NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL TX: GOALS OF THERAPY: • Avoid foods/beverages that worsen or trigger symptoms • Treat symptoms CAUSE IS MULTIFACTORIAL: • Eat small meals and chew food well (reduce/eliminate) • Relaxation/decreased integrity of the • Avoid exercise after meals • Reduce or prevent recurrence lower esophageal sphincter • Don’t lie down for 2-3 hours after eating • Prevent structural damage and • Increased lower abdominal pressure • Avoid tight clothing thus complications (e.g. ulcers) -
Assessment of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Varieties for Yield and Curcumin Content
Assessment of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Varieties for Yield and Curcumin Content by Shanheng Shi A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree of Master of Science Auburn, Alabama August 8th, 2020 Keywords: turmeric, curcumin, yield, concentration Approved by Dennis A. Shannon, Chair, Professor Emeritus of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University Kathy Lawrence, Professor of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University Alvaro Sanz-Saez, Assistant Professor of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University Wheeler G. Foshee, Associate Professor of Horticulture, Auburn University Srinivasa Mentreddy, Professor of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Alabama A&M University Abstract Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. Currently, more than 80% of turmeric is produced by India and turmeric products are exported to numerous countries. Other Asian countries, including China, Vietnam, Pakistan and Japan also grow significant amounts of turmeric. With the development of medicinal related research, turmeric shows huge potential impacts on cure cancer, prevent Alzheimer’s disease and treat other diseases caused by inflammation. Turmeric is a new crop in Alabama. There is little available published information related to cultivation and planting varieties of turmeric in the United States, however turmeric has been successfully grown on the Auburn University Agronomy Farm since 2006. Researchers and farmers lack information on turmeric varieties that produce high yield and high content of curcumin, which determine the final benefits from this crop. Turmeric varieties were collected from various sources and tested in field trials during 2016 through 2018. -
Antioxidant Efficacy of Curcuminoids from Turmeric ( Curcuma Longa L
Downloaded from British Journal of Nutrition (2009), 102, 1629–1634 doi:10.1017/S0007114509990869 q The Authors 2009 https://www.cambridge.org/core Antioxidant efficacy of curcuminoids from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) powder in broiler chickens fed diets containing aflatoxin B1 Nisarani K. S. Gowda1*, David R. Ledoux2, Goerge E. Rottinghaus2, Alex J. Bermudez2 and Yin C. Chen2 . IP address: 1National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore 560030, India 2Fusarium/Poultry Research Laboratory, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA 170.106.35.76 (Received 6 November 2008 – Revised 21 May 2009 – Accepted 28 May 2009 – First published online 17 August 2009) , on A 3-week-feeding study (1–21 d post-hatch) was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of total curcuminoids (TCMN), as an antioxidant, to amelio- 29 Sep 2021 at 12:56:31 rate the adverse effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in broiler chickens. Turmeric powder (Curcuma longa L.) that contained 2·55 % TCMN was used as a source of TCMN. Six cage replicates of five chicks each were assigned to each of six dietary treatments, which included: basal diet; basal diet supplemented with 444 mg/kg TCMN; basal diet supplemented with 1·0 mg/kg AFB1; basal diet supplemented with 74 mg/kg TCMN and 1·0 mg/kg AFB1; basal diet supplemented with 222 mg/kg TCMN and 1·0 mg/kg AFB1; basal diet supplemented with 444 mg/kg TCMN and 1·0 mg/kg AFB1. The addition of 74 and 222 mg/kg TCMN to the AFB1 diet significantly (P,0·05) improved weight gain and feed efficiency. -
USP Statement on Validation of DNA Test Methods for Regulating the Quality of Herbal Supplements
USP Statement on Validation of DNA Test Methods for Regulating the Quality of Herbal Supplements U.S. PHARMACOPEIAL CONVENTION The United States Pharmacopeial Convention Urges Scientific Validation of DNA Test Methods for Regulating the Quality of Herbal Supplements (Rockville, MD – April 16, 2015) – In response to an agreement announced between the New York State Attorney General (NYAG) and GNC Holdings, Inc. (GNC) the United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP), an independent, science based, standards setting organization and publishers of the United States Pharmacopeia-National Formulary (USP-NF), an official compendia of quality standards for dietary supplements sold in the U.S., issued the following statement: Statement by Gabriel Giancaspro, PhD – Vice President –Foods, Dietary Supplement and Herbal Medicines United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) “As a science-based standards-setting organization, the United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) has a keen interest in adopting emerging technologies to ensure the test methods and quality standards included in the United States Pharmacopeia-National Formulary (USP-NF) are current and reflect the state of the industry. DNA testing including DNA Barcoding, is just one example of a technology that has been recently added to the USP-NF. As of December 2014, DNA-based identification methods are included in the official USP chapter <563> Identification of Articles of Botanical Origin. However, this method is not yet referenced in a USP-NF monograph (quality standard) for a specific ingredient or product. That is because USP quality standards are specific for each ingredient, product and dosage form and the standards we develop include only those test methods that have been scientifically validated and shown to be fit for purpose. -
Impact of High Pressure on the Infusion of Curcuminoids in Pineapple Slices
George JM and Rastogi NK, J Food Sci Nutr 2017, 3: 027 DOI: 10.24966/FSN-1076/100027 HSOA Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research Article by many research workers. However, it is relatively a slow and time Impact of High Pressure on the consuming process. Hence, a few techniques have been acknowledged in order to enhance the rate of osmotically induced mass transfer that Infusion of Curcuminoids in include partial vacuum [10,11], pulsed vacuum [12], high pressure [13-15], high intensity pulsed electric field [16,17], ohmic heating Pineapple Slices [18,19] or ultrasound [20-23]. Application of high pressure treatment Jincy M George1,2 and Navin K Rastogi1,2* accelerated the diffusion of bioactive components into the solid food 1ACSIR, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India due to cell membranes permeabilisation resulting in decline in the re- sistance to infusion [24,25]. The application of high pressure pretreat- 2 Department of Food Engineering, Central Food Technological Research ment was described to increase the water and solute diffusion during Institute, Mysore, India osmotic dehydration of pineapples, potato, glutinous rice and turkey breast [26-29]. Sila et al., [30] demonstrated that combined effect of high pressure treatment and CaCl2 treatment improved the texture of carrots during thermal processing. High pressure-assisted infusion of pectin methyl esterase and calcium chloride in strawberry was shown to improve the firmness [13,31]. Mahadevan et al., [32] indicated that high pressure pretreatment increased infusion of quercetin by 3 times into cranberries as compared to untreated ones. Incorporation of synthetic antioxidants like Butylated Hydroxy- anisole (BHA) and Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT) are restricted Abstract by legislative laws and regulations due to carcinogenic effects [33]. -
Micropropagation and Antimicrobial Activity of Curcuma Aromatica Salisb., a Threatened Aromatic Medicinal Plant
Turkish Journal of Biology Turk J Biol (2013) 37: 698-708 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/biology/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/biy-1212-11 Micropropagation and antimicrobial activity of Curcuma aromatica Salisb., a threatened aromatic medicinal plant 1,5 2 3 Shamima Akhtar SHARMIN , Mohammad Jahangir ALAM , Md. Mominul Islam SHEIKH , 4 5 6 Rashed ZAMAN , Muhammad KHALEKUZZAMAN , Sanjoy Chandra MONDAL , 7 6 1, Mohammad Anwarul HAQUE , Mohammad Firoz ALAM , Iftekhar ALAM * 1 Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Program), College of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea 2 Department of Bioscience (Integrated Bioscience Section), Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan 3 Division of Environmental Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea 4 Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea 5 Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh 6 Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh 7 Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh Received: 06.12.2012 Accepted: 14.06.2013 Published Online: 08.10.2013 Printed: 04.11.2013 Abstract: A rapid and improved micropropagation protocol was developed for Curcuma aromatica, a threatened aromatic medicinal plant, using rhizome sprout as the explant. Stepwise optimization of different plant growth regulators, carbon sources, and basal media was adopted to establish an efficient micropropagation protocol. When cytokinins, such as benzyl amino purine (BAP) or 6-(α,α- dimethylallylamino)-purine (2iP), were used either singly or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) for shoot induction and multiplication, a single use of BAP was the most effective. -
Curcumin and Resveratrol in the Management of Cognitive Disorders: What Is the Clinical Evidence?
Review Curcumin and Resveratrol in the Management of Cognitive Disorders: What is the Clinical Evidence? Gabriela Mazzanti * and Silvia Di Giacomo Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza - University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy. * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-064-991-2903 Academic Editor: Luigia Trabace Received: 26 July 2016; Accepted: 12 September 2016; Published: 17 September 2016 Abstract: A growing body of in vitro and in vivo evidences shows a possible role of polyphenols in counteracting neurodegeneration: curcumin and resveratrol are attractive substances in this regard. In fact, epidemiological studies highlight a neuroprotective effect of turmeric (rhizome of Curcuma longa L.), the main source of curcumin. Moreover, the consumption of red wine, the main source of resveratrol, has been related to a lower risk of developing dementia. In this review, we analyzed the published clinical trials investigating curcumin and resveratrol in the prevention or treatment of cognitive disorders. The ongoing studies were also described, in order to give an overview of the current search on this topic. The results of published trials (five for curcumin, six for resveratrol) are disappointing and do not allow to draw conclusions about the therapeutic or neuroprotective potential of curcumin and resveratrol. These compounds, being capable of interfering with several processes implicated in the early stages of dementia, could be useful in preventing or in slowing down the pathology. To this aim, an early diagnosis using peripheral biomarkers becomes necessary. Furthermore, the potential preventive activity of curcumin and resveratrol should be evaluated in long-term exposure clinical trials, using preparations with high bioavailability and that are well standardized. -
Himalayan Aromatic Medicinal Plants: a Review of Their Ethnopharmacology, Volatile Phytochemistry, and Biological Activities
medicines Review Himalayan Aromatic Medicinal Plants: A Review of their Ethnopharmacology, Volatile Phytochemistry, and Biological Activities Rakesh K. Joshi 1, Prabodh Satyal 2 and Wiliam N. Setzer 2,* 1 Department of Education, Government of Uttrakhand, Nainital 263001, India; [email protected] 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-256-824-6519; Fax: +1-256-824-6349 Academic Editor: Lutfun Nahar Received: 24 December 2015; Accepted: 3 February 2016; Published: 19 February 2016 Abstract: Aromatic plants have played key roles in the lives of tribal peoples living in the Himalaya by providing products for both food and medicine. This review presents a summary of aromatic medicinal plants from the Indian Himalaya, Nepal, and Bhutan, focusing on plant species for which volatile compositions have been described. The review summarizes 116 aromatic plant species distributed over 26 families. Keywords: Jammu and Kashmir; Himachal Pradesh; Uttarakhand; Nepal; Sikkim; Bhutan; essential oils 1. Introduction The Himalya Center of Plant Diversity [1] is a narrow band of biodiversity lying on the southern margin of the Himalayas, the world’s highest mountain range with elevations exceeding 8000 m. The plant diversity of this region is defined by the monsoonal rains, up to 10,000 mm rainfall, concentrated in the summer, altitudinal zonation, consisting of tropical lowland rainforests, 100–1200 m asl, up to alpine meadows, 4800–5500 m asl. Hara and co-workers have estimated there to be around 6000 species of higher plants in Nepal, including 303 species endemic to Nepal and 1957 species restricted to the Himalayan range [2–4].