DOCSLIB.ORG

Relatively Aluminous Alkali Pyroxene in Nepheline

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Relatively Aluminous Alkali Pyroxene in Nepheline 423 The Canadian Mine ral ogi st Vol. 34, pp.423434 (1996) RELATIVELYALUMINOUS ALKALI PYROXENE IN NEPHELINESYENITES FROM MALAWI: MINERALOGICALRESPONSE TO METAMORPHISMIN ALKALINEROCKS ALANR. WOOLLEY Departmentof Mineralngy,Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road Inndon SW SBD,U.K. R. GARTH PLATT Departnzntof Geology,Inkeheal. IJniversity, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B sEI G. NELSONEBY Departmentof EarthSciences, University of Massachuseftsat Lawell, Itwell, Massachusens01854, U.S.A. ABSTRACT The North Nyasa Alkaline hovince (NNAP) of central and nofthern Malawi, easterncentral Africa, consistsof seven nephelinesyenite intrusions which were, to varying degrees,affected by the MozambiqueOrogenic event. We have analyzed the constituentclinopyroxene in rocks of five of theseintrusions by electronmicroprobe. Three groups of pyroxenescan be distinguished.(a) Alkati pyroxenesrange from diopsidetbrough aegirine-augite to aegirine.These have total A1 < 0.15 (apfu) uAl analaie takento be of primary magmatii origin. @j PyroxeneJcharacterizedby Al > 0.15 (aplu), with predominan!form a rim on group-(a) pyroxenes,cut acrossthem and also form, in one intrusion, tiny acicular crystals within nephelineand, |ocaily, feldspm.They comprisealuminian aegirine-augite, aluminian aegirine and omphacite.These pyroxenes are interpreted asmetamorphic in origin. (c) fne tma group comprisesAl-rich py'roxenesin which NAI is predominant.They are diopsideand aluminian diopside exhibiting no trend of alkali enrichment.They are probably of igneousorigin, but could also have been affectedby metamorphism.Although the productionofpurejadeitic pyroxenesprobably requires I minimnm pressureofabout 7 kbar, aluminianaegirine with higher contentsof Fe3+can probablybe generatedat much lower pressures.The preservationof primary igneouspyroxenes in the NNAP intrusions probably indicatesthat neither high pressuresnor particularly elevated lempetatn1eswere reached.The formation of the aluminousp'.roxenes was essentiallythe result of an isochemicalevent; in general,metamorphism of agpaiticrocks will give rise to aluminianaegirine and ajadeitic pyroxene,whereas miaskitic rocks will containaluminian aegirine-augiteaad an ornphaciticplroxene. Keywords:nepheline syenite, alkali pyroxene,aegirine, aluminian aegirine, atuminian aegirine-augite, omphacite, Malawi. SoMM,cB.E l,a province alcaline du Nyasa m6ridional, dans le secteurcenral et nord du Matawi, partie est-centralede I'Afrique, est faite de septmassifs intrusifs i sy6niten6ph6linique qui ont 6t6, b divers degr6s,affectds par I'orogenbsemozambiqu6enne. Nous avons analys6le clinopyroxbnepr6sent dans cinq des sept massifs par microsonde6lectronique. Nous distinguons trois groupesde compositions:(a) pyroxbnesalcalins allant de diopsidevers I'aegyrine,en passantpar I'augite aegyrinique. Ces pyroibnes possbdentmoins de 0.15 datomes d'Al par unit6 formulaire, et seraientdorigine primahe (magmatique)' (b) lrs plroxenes contenantplus de 0.15 alomesd'Al, surtout sous forme de uAl, forment une bordure sur les cristaux du groupe(i), les recoupen! et apparaissentaussi, dans un cas,sous forme d'aiguillesh f intdrieur de la n6ph6lineet du feldspath. Les tompositiotrs sont repr6ientativesd'augite aegyrinique alumineuse,daegyrine alumineuseet d'omphacite,et seraient dorigine mdtamorphique.lrs pyroxbnesdu groupe (c) sont aussi alumineux, mais I'aluminium y occupe surlout le site t6tra6drique.n s'agit <lediopside et de diopside alumineusesans indication d'enrichissementen alcalins. Ceux-ci seraient probablementd'origine ignde,mais pounaient bien avoir 6t€ affect6spar m6tamorphisme.Quoique la productionde la jad6ite pure requiert une pression minimale d'environ 7 kilobars, I'aegyrine alumineuseayant une teneur 6levde en Fer+ est tout probablementstable e une pressionde beaucoupinf6rieure i cette valeur. La prdservationde pyroxbnesprimaires dans ces massifst6moigpe probablement des conditions plut6t mod6r6esde t€mpdratue et de pressionattsintes lors du m6tamorphisme. La formation de pyroxbnesalumineux rdsulterait essentiellementd'une recristallisation isochimique. En g6n6ral, on peut s'attendreque le m€tamorphismede rochesagpartiques produise une aegyrinealumineuse et un p1'roxbnejad6itique,tandis que les rochesmiaskitiques dewaient produire une augiteaeglninique alumineuse ou un pyroxbneomphacitique. Ctraduitpar la R6claction) Mots-cl6s: syeniten6phdlinique, pyroxbne alcalin, aegyrine,aegyrine alumineuse, augite aegyriniquealumineuse, omphacite, Malawi. Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/canmin/article-pdf/34/2/423/3446863/423.pdf by guest on 28 September 2021 424 THE CANADIAN MINERALOGIST hrrnooucnou Bloomfield (1965),who describedthe peffologyand general field relationships. The Chilwa Alkaline The alkaline igneousrocks of central and northern Province lies in soutlern Malawi, to the south of the Malawi (Fig. 1) that Bloomfield(1970) included in his NNAP Gie. 1). Nonh Nyasa Alkaline Proyince (NNAP) consist of The NNAP intrusions in Malawi have, to varying seven intrusions, namely Kasungu, Chipala, degrees,been affected by tectonic, thermal and Chikangawa,Mphomph4 Telelele,Ulindi and Ilomba. metasomaticevents that were probably related to the The dominant rock-type of these intrusions is genesis of the Mozambique orogenic belt. Geo- nephelinesyenite, with a little syeniteand pyroxenite. chronologicaldata for the province are sparse.Rblsr The only general study of the NNAP is that of whole-rockisochron ages of 685 x.62 Ma and 650 * 40 Ma have beenobtained from nephelinesyenites of Ilomba and Chikangawa(Ray 1974,Bloomfield et a/. 1981),and Pb-a datingofzircon from sodalitesyenite at Ilomba gave655 Ma (Bloomfield 1968).However, K-Ar dating of these intrusions gave 508 t 12 and 490 x. 12 Ma for Ilomba @loomfield et al. l98L) and410 + 16Ma for Chikangawa(Snelling 1965). The ?e youngerK-Ar datesled Bloomfield(1970) to conclude that the intrusions had been affected by a late uo, Mozambiquianphase of cataclasis. Geologicalevidence within the NNAP intrusionsfor o these tectonic and metamorphicevents is slight. Ray -.lelelete I o (1975) consideredthat the most northerlyintrusions, t6- Ilomba and Ulindi, comprise part of the Songwe Syenile Complex, which forms an igneousunit over 30 km long and 2-3 km wide. The Songwesyenites locally show signs of deformation,with development of a gneissosityindicating emplacementprior to or during an episode of deformation related to the MozambiqueOrogeny (Ray 1975). During field work on all seven of the NNAP 3 intrusions, little evidence for metamorphism or 6 deformation was observedbut. as described in tle e next section,there is microscopicevidence for defor- mation. However, detailed mineralogical work has revealedthe presenceof an unusualsuite of pyroxenes that are interpreted as being products of the meta- morphism. Gnolocy l,No PgrRocRApHy The pyroxenesthat are the subject of this paper occur in the Kasungu, Chipala llomba, Mphompha j and Chikangawaintrusions (Frg. l); they are absent Chilwa from the Ulindi and Telelele intrusions,which consist essentiallyof biotite-nephelinesyenite. The following brief geological and petrographic notes can be supplementedby the general account of Bloomfi.eld (1965) and, for llomba, by that of Bloomfield er a/. (1e81). Kasungu The Kasungu intrusion is approximately circular, has a diameter of 2 km and forms a prominent Ftc. l. Location of the major intrusions of the North Nyasa Alkaline Province NNAP) in central and northern mountain rising about 400 m above the surrounding Malawi. The area containing the Chilwa Alkaline plain (Peters 1969). The intrusive rocks, nepheline province in southernMalawi is also indicated. syenite,show little mineralogicalor textural variation, Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/canmin/article-pdf/34/2/423/3446863/423.pdf by guest on 28 September 2021 PYRO)GNE IN METAMORPHOSEDNEPHELINE SYEMTE. MATAWI 425 though the mafic minerals may develop a marked inclusions. Titanite, apatrte, zircon and magnetite banding or form irregular clots. In these coarse- or ilmenite are accessoryphases. gained, mesocraticrocfts, turbid perthite is generally Although not apparentin handspecimen, the micro- crackedand strained,and may be traversedby zonesof scopic textures and structuresof the Kasungu rocks fine-grainedrecrystallized feldspar. Nepheline usually indicatethat all havebeen subjected to somedegree of forms l0-20%o of most rocls, but otherwise may be deformation and considerable recrystallization. No minor. A sodic scapotte, which is marialite on the textures that are indubitably igneous have been basis of electron-microprobedata, has been found in recognized.Bloomfield (1965) consideredthat the two samples,the first such identffication in a NNAP nepheline o'showstypical replacementtextures" and intrusion. that it is the result of nephelinization.However, we The clots of mafic minerals are texturally complex could find no unequivocaltextural evidencefor sucha and dominatedby pyroxene, amFhibole and biotite. process. The pyroxenetypically occursin the centerof clots but may form at the margins where, usually intergtown ChipaLaand. Chipala East with mica and amphibole,it forms symplectitic inter- growths with feldspar, as well as myriads of small, The Chipalainfiusion forms a small hill 5 kn north isolated grains within feldspar; this texture occurs of Kusungu, and the smaller Chipala East intrusion tlroughout somerocks. The principal pyroxeneforms occursa kilometer to the east@loomfield 1965,Peters green, subhedralprisms or rounded crystals
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Feldspar and Nepheline Syenite 2016
    2016 Minerals Yearbook FELDSPAR AND NEPHELINE SYENITE [ADVANCE RELEASE] U.S. Department of the Interior January 2020 U.S. Geological Survey Feldspar and Nepheline Syenite By Arnold O. Tanner Domestic survey data and tables were prepared by Raymond I. Eldridge III, statistical assistant. In 2016, feldspar production in the United States was representing 46% of the 2016 production tonnages listed in estimated to be 470,000 metric tons (t) valued at $33.1 million, tables 1 and 2. an almost 10% decrease in quantity and a 11% decrease in Feldspar was mined in six States (table 3). North Carolina value compared with 2015 (table 1). Exports of feldspar in 2016 was by far the leading producer State; the remaining five were, decreased by 61% to 5,890 t, valued at $1.5 million, and imports in descending order of estimated output, Virginia, California, of feldspar decreased by 69% to 36,900 t, valued at $3.4 million. Idaho, Oklahoma, and South Dakota. Production was from Imports of nepheline syenite (predominantly from Canada) 10 mines and beneficiating facilities—4 in North Carolina, 2 in increased by 27% to about 572,000 t valued at $73 million. California, and 1 in each of the 4 remaining States (table 3). World production of feldspar in 2016 was 23.4 million metric I-Minerals Inc. continued the mine permitting process for tons (Mt) (tables 1, 7). its Helmer-Bovill project in north-central Idaho; the mine Feldspars, which constitute about 60% of the earth’s crust, would produce potassium feldspar, halloysite, kaolin, and are anhydrous aluminosilicate minerals of two main groupings: quartz.
    [Show full text]
  • Anorogenic Alkaline Granites from Northeastern Brazil: Major, Trace, and Rare Earth Elements in Magmatic and Metamorphic Biotite and Na-Ma®C Mineralsq
    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 19 (2001) 375±397 www.elsevier.nl/locate/jseaes Anorogenic alkaline granites from northeastern Brazil: major, trace, and rare earth elements in magmatic and metamorphic biotite and Na-ma®c mineralsq J. Pla Cida,*, L.V.S. Nardia, H. ConceicËaÄob, B. Boninc aCurso de PoÂs-GraduacËaÄo em in GeocieÃncias UFRGS. Campus da Agronomia-Inst. de Geoc., Av. Bento GoncËalves, 9500, 91509-900 CEP RS Brazil bCPGG-PPPG/UFBA. Rua Caetano Moura, 123, Instituto de GeocieÃncias-UFBA, CEP- 40210-350, Salvador-BA Brazil cDepartement des Sciences de la Terre, Laboratoire de PeÂtrographie et Volcanologie-Universite Paris-Sud. Centre d'Orsay, Bat. 504, F-91504, Paris, France Accepted 29 August 2000 Abstract The anorogenic, alkaline silica-oversaturated Serra do Meio suite is located within the Riacho do Pontal fold belt, northeast Brazil. This suite, assumed to be Paleoproterozoic in age, encompasses metaluminous and peralkaline granites which have been deformed during the Neoproterozoic collisional event. Preserved late-magmatic to subsolidus amphiboles belong to the riebeckite±arfvedsonite and riebeckite± winchite solid solutions. Riebeckite±winchite is frequently rimmed by Ti±aegirine. Ti-aegirine cores are strongly enriched in Nb, Y, Hf, and REE, which signi®cantly decrease in concentrations towards the rims. REE patterns of Ti-aegirine are strikingly similar to Ti-pyroxenes from the IlõÂmaussaq peralkaline intrusion. Recrystallisation of mineral assemblages was associated with deformation although some original grains are still preserved. Magmatic annite was converted into magnetite and biotite with lower Fe/(Fe 1 Mg) ratios. Recrystallised amphibole is pure riebeckite. Magmatic Ti±Na-bearing pyroxene was converted to low-Ti aegirine 1 titanite ^ astrophyllite/aenigmatite.
    [Show full text]
  • New Minerals Approved Bythe Ima Commission on New
    NEW MINERALS APPROVED BY THE IMA COMMISSION ON NEW MINERALS AND MINERAL NAMES ALLABOGDANITE, (Fe,Ni)l Allabogdanite, a mineral dimorphous with barringerite, was discovered in the Onello iron meteorite (Ni-rich ataxite) found in 1997 in the alluvium of the Bol'shoy Dolguchan River, a tributary of the Onello River, Aldan River basin, South Yakutia (Republic of Sakha- Yakutia), Russia. The mineral occurs as light straw-yellow, with strong metallic luster, lamellar crystals up to 0.0 I x 0.1 x 0.4 rnrn, typically twinned, in plessite. Associated minerals are nickel phosphide, schreibersite, awaruite and graphite (Britvin e.a., 2002b). Name: in honour of Alia Nikolaevna BOG DAN OVA (1947-2004), Russian crys- tallographer, for her contribution to the study of new minerals; Geological Institute of Kola Science Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity. fMA No.: 2000-038. TS: PU 1/18632. ALLOCHALCOSELITE, Cu+Cu~+PbOZ(Se03)P5 Allochalcoselite was found in the fumarole products of the Second cinder cone, Northern Breakthrought of the Tolbachik Main Fracture Eruption (1975-1976), Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. It occurs as transparent dark brown pris- matic crystals up to 0.1 mm long. Associated minerals are cotunnite, sofiite, ilin- skite, georgbokiite and burn site (Vergasova e.a., 2005). Name: for the chemical composition: presence of selenium and different oxidation states of copper, from the Greek aA.Ao~(different) and xaAxo~ (copper). fMA No.: 2004-025. TS: no reliable information. ALSAKHAROVITE-Zn, NaSrKZn(Ti,Nb)JSi401ZJz(0,OH)4·7HzO photo 1 Labuntsovite group Alsakharovite-Zn was discovered in the Pegmatite #45, Lepkhe-Nel'm MI.
    [Show full text]
  • FELDSPAR and NEPHELINE SYENITE by Michael J
    FELDSPAR AND NEPHELINE SYENITE By Michael J. Potter Domestic survey data and tables were prepared by Hoa P. Phamdang, statistical assistant, and the world production table was prepared by Glenn J. Wallace, international data coordinator. Feldspars are the Earth’s most abundant mineral group, The value of total feldspar sold or used in table 4 is higher than estimated to constitute 60% of the earth’s crust (Kauffman and the feldspar production value shown in tables 1 and 2. The sold Van Dyk, 1994). They are aluminum silicate minerals that or used value represents the final marketed feldspar product. contain varying proportions of calcium, potassium, and sodium. The unit value of $65.27 per metric ton for the “pottery and Nepheline syenite is a light-colored, silica-deficient feldspathic miscellaneous” category in table 4 is less than the price range rock made up mostly of sodium and potassium feldspars and for ceramic-grade feldspar in table 5. However, the latter is nepheline; although not mined in the United States in 2002, it was stated by the publisher to be intended to serve only as a guide. imported from Canada for use in the glass and ceramic industries. World Review.—Canada.—Avalon Ventures Ltd. continued work on its high-lithium feldspar Separation Rapids project Feldspar in Kenora, Ontario. Project engineering and feasibility study work focused on process flowsheet design and transportation In glassmaking, alumina from feldspar improves product studies. To further evaluate a new dry process flowsheet, a 5-t hardness, durability, and resistance to chemical corrosion. In ore sample was collected for shipment to a test milling facility.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K [Fe3+ Si3o8], the First Natural Feldspar
    minerals Article 3+ A New Mineral Ferrisanidine, K[Fe Si3O8], the First Natural Feldspar with Species-Defining Iron Nadezhda V. Shchipalkina 1,*, Igor V. Pekov 1, Sergey N. Britvin 2,3 , Natalia N. Koshlyakova 1, Marina F. Vigasina 1 and Evgeny G. Sidorov 4 1 Faculty of Geology, Moscow State University, Vorobievy Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia; [email protected] (I.V.P.); [email protected] (N.N.K.); [email protected] (M.F.V.) 2 Department of Crystallography, St Petersburg State University, University Embankment 7/9, St Petersburg 199034, Russia; [email protected] 3 Nanomaterials Research Center, Kola Science Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman Str. 14, Apatity 184209, Russia 4 Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Boulevard 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006, Russia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 10 November 2019; Accepted: 9 December 2019; Published: 11 December 2019 3+ Abstract: Ferrisanidine, K[Fe Si3O8], the first natural feldspar with species-defining iron, is an analogue of sanidine bearing Fe3+ instead of Al. It was found in exhalations of the active Arsenatnaya fumarole at the Second scoria cone of the Northern Breakthrough of the Great Fissure Tolbachik Eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. The associated minerals are aegirine, cassiterite, hematite, sylvite, halite, johillerite, arsmirandite, axelite, aphthitalite. Ferrisanidine forms porous crusts composed by cavernous short prismatic crystals or irregular grains up to 10 µm 20 µm. × Ferrisanidine is transparent, colorless to white, the lustre is vitreous. D is 2.722 g cm 3. The calc · − chemical composition of ferrisanidine (wt.
    [Show full text]
  • Crystallization and Metasomatism of Nepheline Syenite Xenoliths in Quartz-Bearing Intrusive Rocks in the Permian Oslo Rift, SE Norway
    Crystallization and metasomatism of nepheline syenite xenoliths in quartz-bearing intrusive rocks in the Permian Oslo rift, SE Norway TOM ANDERSEN & HENNING SØRENSEN Andersen, T. & Sørensen, H.: Crystallization and metasomatism of nepheline syenite xenoliths in quartz-bearing intrusive rocks in the Permian Oslo rift, SE Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, Vol. 73, pp. 250-266. Oslo 1993. ISSN 0029-196X. Small bodies of metasomatized nepheline syenite occur as xenoliths in syenitic and granitic intrusions in the Mykle area, ca. 30 km N of the Larvik pluton in the Vestfold Graben of the late Paleozoic Qslo rift of SE Norway. The nepheline syenite has a metaluminous major element composition, and its primary igneous mineralogy is: alkali feldspar + nepheline + clinopyroxene + titanite + magnetite + apatite ± amphibole. The mafic silicate minerals have lower (Na + K)/AI than comparable minerals in other fe lsic intrusions in the Oslo Rift. Gamet (grossular-andradite), analcime, sodalite, thomsonite and gonnardite occur as interstitial minerals in the )east altered parts of the nepheline syenite. The xenoliths were metasomatized as a result of interaction between nepheline syenite and younger silica-saturated to oversaturated magrnas and their associated fluids. Early, pervasive metasomatism led to breakdown of nepheline, replacement of pyroxene by biotite ± garnet and crystallization of quartz. Recrystallization took place at solidus-near temperatures (700-725°C), and was controlled by an increase in silica activity and oxygen fugacity. Titanite + magnetite were replaced by rutile + quartz + hematite + calcite at a late stage of the metasomatic history, at oxygen fugacities above the HM buffer, and T < 450°C. The xenoliths indicate the former presence of larger bodies of nepheline syenite in an area where no such rocks were known previously.
    [Show full text]
  • A New REE-Fluorcarbonate Mineral from the Aris Phonolite (Namibia), with Descriptions of the Crystal Structures of Arisite-(La) and Arisite-(Ce)
    Mineralogical Magazine, April 2010, Vol. 74(2), pp. 257–268 Arisite-(La), a new REE-fluorcarbonate mineral from the Aris phonolite (Namibia), with descriptions of the crystal structures of arisite-(La) and arisite-(Ce) 1, 2 1 3 4 1 1 P. C. PIILONEN *, A. M. MCDONALD ,J.D.GRICE ,M.A.COOPER ,U.KOLITSCH ,R.ROWE ,R.A.GAULT 1 AND G. POIRIER 1 ResearchDivision, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P, Canada 2 Department of EarthSciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada 3 Department of Geological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada 4 Mineralogisch-Petrographische Abt., Naturhistorisches Museum, Burgring 7, A-1010 Wien, Austria [Received 14 January 2010; Accepted 14 April 2010] ABSTRACT Arisite-(La), ideally NaLa2(CO3)2[F2x(CO3)1Àx]F, is a new layered REE-fluorcarbonate mineral from miarolitic cavities within the Aris phonolite, Namibia (IMA no. 2009-019). It occurs as distinct chemical zones mixed with its Ce-analogue, arisite-(Ce). Crystals are vitreous, transparent beige, beige- yellow, light lemon-yellow to pinkish, and occur as tabular prisms up to 1.5 mm. Arisite-(La) is brittle, has conchoidal fracture, poor cleavage perpendicular to (001), a Mohs hardness of ~3À3Ý, is not fluorescent in either long- or shortwave UV radiation, dissolves slowly in dilute HCl at room À3 temperature and sinks in methylene iodide, Dcalc. = 4.072 g cm . Arisite-(La) is uniaxial negative, has sharp extinction, with both o and e exhibiting a range of values within each grain: o = 1.696À1.717(4) and e = 1.594À1.611(3), a result of chemical zoning attributed to both Ce > La and Na > Ca substitutions.
    [Show full text]
  • Unusual Silicate Mineralization in Fumarolic Sublimates of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates
    Eur. J. Mineral., 32, 121–136, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-121-2020 © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Unusual silicate mineralization in fumarolic sublimates of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia – Part 2: Tectosilicates Nadezhda V. Shchipalkina1, Igor V. Pekov1, Natalia N. Koshlyakova1, Sergey N. Britvin2,3, Natalia V. Zubkova1, Dmitry A. Varlamov4, and Eugeny G. Sidorov5 1Faculty of Geology, Moscow State University, Vorobievy Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia 2Department of Crystallography, St Petersburg State University, University Embankment 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia 3Kola Science Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman Str. 14, 184200 Apatity, Russia 4Institute of Experimental Mineralogy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademika Osypyana ul., 4, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia 5Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Boulevard 9, 683006 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia Correspondence: Nadezhda V. Shchipalkina ([email protected]) Received: 19 June 2019 – Accepted: 1 November 2019 – Published: 29 January 2020 Abstract. This second of two companion articles devoted to silicate mineralization in fumaroles of the Tol- bachik volcano (Kamchatka, Russia) reports data on chemistry, crystal chemistry and occurrence of tectosil- icates: sanidine, anorthoclase, ferrisanidine, albite, anorthite, barium feldspar, leucite, nepheline, kalsilite, so- dalite and hauyne. Chemical and genetic features of fumarolic silicates are also summarized and discussed. These minerals are typically enriched with “ore” elements (As, Cu, Zn, Sn, Mo, W). Significant admixture of 5C As (up to 36 wt % As2O5 in sanidine) substituting Si is the most characteristic. Hauyne contains up to 4.2 wt % MoO3 and up to 1.7 wt % WO3.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Abbreviations
    List of Abbreviations Ab albite Cbz chabazite Fa fayalite Acm acmite Cc chalcocite Fac ferroactinolite Act actinolite Ccl chrysocolla Fcp ferrocarpholite Adr andradite Ccn cancrinite Fed ferroedenite Agt aegirine-augite Ccp chalcopyrite Flt fluorite Ak akermanite Cel celadonite Fo forsterite Alm almandine Cen clinoenstatite Fpa ferropargasite Aln allanite Cfs clinoferrosilite Fs ferrosilite ( ortho) Als aluminosilicate Chl chlorite Fst fassite Am amphibole Chn chondrodite Fts ferrotscher- An anorthite Chr chromite makite And andalusite Chu clinohumite Gbs gibbsite Anh anhydrite Cld chloritoid Ged gedrite Ank ankerite Cls celestite Gh gehlenite Anl analcite Cp carpholite Gln glaucophane Ann annite Cpx Ca clinopyroxene Glt glauconite Ant anatase Crd cordierite Gn galena Ap apatite ern carnegieite Gp gypsum Apo apophyllite Crn corundum Gr graphite Apy arsenopyrite Crs cristroballite Grs grossular Arf arfvedsonite Cs coesite Grt garnet Arg aragonite Cst cassiterite Gru grunerite Atg antigorite Ctl chrysotile Gt goethite Ath anthophyllite Cum cummingtonite Hbl hornblende Aug augite Cv covellite He hercynite Ax axinite Czo clinozoisite Hd hedenbergite Bhm boehmite Dg diginite Hem hematite Bn bornite Di diopside Hl halite Brc brucite Dia diamond Hs hastingsite Brk brookite Dol dolomite Hu humite Brl beryl Drv dravite Hul heulandite Brt barite Dsp diaspore Hyn haiiyne Bst bustamite Eck eckermannite Ill illite Bt biotite Ed edenite Ilm ilmenite Cal calcite Elb elbaite Jd jadeite Cam Ca clinoamphi- En enstatite ( ortho) Jh johannsenite bole Ep epidote
    [Show full text]
  • Eudialyte Decomposition Minerals with New Hitherto Undescribed Phases from the Ilímaussaq Complex, South Greenland
    View metadata,Downloaded citation and from similar orbit.dtu.dk papers on:at core.ac.uk Dec 18, 2017 brought to you by CORE provided by Online Research Database In Technology Eudialyte decomposition minerals with new hitherto undescribed phases from the Ilímaussaq complex, South Greenland Karup-Møller, Sven; Rose-Hansen, J.; Sørensen, H. Published in: Geological Society of Denmark. Bulletin Publication date: 2010 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Karup-Møller, S., Rose-Hansen, J., & Sørensen, H. (2010). Eudialyte decomposition minerals with new hitherto undescribed phases from the Ilímaussaq complex, South Greenland. Geological Society of Denmark. Bulletin, 58, 75-88. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Eudialyte decomposition minerals with new hitherto undescribed phases from the Ilímaussaq complex, South Greenland S. Karup-MøllEr, J. roSE-HanSEn & H. SørEnSEn S.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Occurrence of Aegirine-Augite in Natrolite Veins in the Dolerite from Nemuro, Hokkaidô
    Title On the Occurrence of Aegirine-Augite in Natrolite Veins in the Dolerite from Nemuro, Hokkaidô Author(s) Suzuki, Jun Citation Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University. Ser. 4, Geology and mineralogy, 4(1-2), 183-191 Issue Date 1938 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/35786 Type bulletin (article) File Information 4(1-2)_183-192.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP LeN rMs occwRwaNos os AncxRxNgptAwGg grE xN NA"wRozxma vmNs xN fg:ffE DoLwaEfscme waeM NwwvaO, moKKAXDO A By kxx SvzuKx With X .Pla･te anal 3 TextofZgu7'es Con£ributioR from the Department of Geology and Mineyalogy, Faculty of Scienee, ffokkaid6 Imperial Univevsity, No. I98. xNTRoDvcxnxoN In the Nemuro Peninsula, the eastern extreme of Hokkaid6, 'there is an exteiisive area of the SeRonian Fermation, whieh is geve- erally moRoclinai with a NEE tyend a]id a dip 15-- 200 to SSE. The 'forraation is leeally cut by innumerable sills and lav.as of doleritie rocl<s whieh vary in thickness from ten to tweRty meteys. Veyy pre£ty joints in platy or radial form are obsexved in.the roeks at eertain iocalities. The doleritie rocks have attracted the petrologist's attei3tion on aeeeunt o£ their eoBtaining analeime phenoerysts akct being penetrated by mimeyous zeolite veinlets. Aceording to Y. SAsA,(i) similar igneous rocl<s are extensively developed in Sikotan Is}aRd which is situated at the easterR extxemity of the frontal zone o£ the South Kurile Islands. [l]he present writer made a j'ourney with Y.
    [Show full text]
  • Mineral Mania
    Name(s) _______________________________ Mineral Visit the Earth Science section of the Kid Zone at The Science Spot (http://sciencespot.net/) to Mania find the answers to these questions! Site: Mineral Uses 1. Based on current consumption, it is estimated that you - and every other person in the United States - will use more than a ________________ pounds of rocks, minerals and metals during your lifetime. How many pounds of the following will you use? ______ Lead ______ Zinc _____ Copper ______ Aluminum ______ Iron ______ Clays ______ Salt ______ Stone, sand, & gravel 2. Match each resource to its best use(s). _____ Aluminum A. Used to make “copper” pennies, brass, and nails B. Used to make fertilizer, paper, film, matches, tires, and drugs _____ Antimony C. Used to make phosphate fertilizer and is found in soft drinks _____ Beryllium D. Most abundant element used to make containers and _____ Coal deodorants E. Found in metal alloys for air crafts as well as emeralds _____ Copper F. Used to produce 56% of electricity in the US _____ Flint G. Used to make electrical wires, brass, bronze, coins, plumbing, _____ Fluorite and jewelry H. Used to make arrowheads, spear points, and knives; may be _____ Galena used to start a fire _____ Gold I. Primary source of lead, used to make batteries, fishing _____ Gypsum weights, and the lead shields to protect us during X-rays J. Primary use is for “sheet rock” or wallboard _____ Halite K. Native element used to make medicine, glass, and fireworks _____ Hematite L. Used to make fluoride toothpaste, pottery, and hydrofluoric acid _____ Limestone M.
    [Show full text]