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Marina Muñoz Torreblanca
La recepción de “lo primitivo” en las exposiciones celebradas en España hasta 1929 Marina Muñoz Torreblanca TESI DOCTORAL UPF / 2009 DIRECTORA DE LA TESI Dra. Estela Ocampo Siquier, Departament d’Humanitats, Institut Universitari de Cultura de la UPF i Depósito Legal : ISBN: [Espacio reservado para introducir esta información cuando la tesis se publique en la base de datos TDX: Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa] ii A mis padres iii iv L’art negre potser es bo per als anglesos [...] Però nosaltres, que, al contrari, tant ens plau el dialogar, és a dir, saber-nos […] –A nosaltres, la intromissió de l’art negre a les exposicions europees ens fa el mateix efecte, el mateix exactament, que la introducció d’un servidor negre a casa nostra: un efecte de torbació i de malestar. No, no. La pintura i l’escultura blanques, la cambrera o el barber, blancs. Eugeni d’Ors, “L’Art Negre”, Barcelona, La Veu de Catalunya , 17 de febrero de 1921 ¡Yo quiero que vayamos de una vez al pabellón de las Misiones!, protestó Rigmor. El pabellón de las Misiones era muy interesante, pues se trataba de una original exposición del Vaticano. Había que pagar una entrada adicional, y además de eso le mendigaban a uno a cada paso, de forma muy conveniente, tal como suelen hacer todos los representantes del más allá. Sin embargo, allí uno veía algo a cambio de su dinero: lo que los misioneros les habían robado o sacado con mentiras a los pobres pueblos primitivos ad maiorem gloriam del método de producción burgués. Ödön von Horváth (1930), El eterno burgués [ Der ewige Spießer ] v vi Agradecimientos Debo un especial reconocimiento a Estela Ocampo, directora de esta tesis, quien durante años me ha recordado la importancia de la tarea investigadora en un campo casi desconocido para el mundo académico español y me ha dado siempre ánimos para la finalización del proyecto. -
1001 Years of Missing Martial Arts
1001 Years of Missing Martial Arts IMPORTANT NOTICE: Author: Master Mohammed Khamouch Chief Editor: Prof. Mohamed El-Gomati All rights, including copyright, in the content of this document are owned or controlled for these purposes by FSTC Limited. In Deputy Editor: Prof. Mohammed Abattouy accessing these web pages, you agree that you may only download the content for your own personal non-commercial Associate Editor: Dr. Salim Ayduz use. You are not permitted to copy, broadcast, download, store (in any medium), transmit, show or play in public, adapt or Release Date: April 2007 change in any way the content of this document for any other purpose whatsoever without the prior written permission of FSTC Publication ID: 683 Limited. Material may not be copied, reproduced, republished, Copyright: © FSTC Limited, 2007 downloaded, posted, broadcast or transmitted in any way except for your own personal non-commercial home use. Any other use requires the prior written permission of FSTC Limited. You agree not to adapt, alter or create a derivative work from any of the material contained in this document or use it for any other purpose other than for your personal non-commercial use. FSTC Limited has taken all reasonable care to ensure that pages published in this document and on the MuslimHeritage.com Web Site were accurate at the time of publication or last modification. Web sites are by nature experimental or constantly changing. Hence information published may be for test purposes only, may be out of date, or may be the personal opinion of the author. Readers should always verify information with the appropriate references before relying on it. -
UNRIVALED TURKISH SWORD with a UNIQUE DESIGN: “YATAGHAN” Prof
International Journal of Cultural Heritage Tarık Baykara http://iaras.org/iaras/journals/ijch UNRIVALED TURKISH SWORD WITH A UNIQUE DESIGN: “YATAGHAN” Prof. Dr. Tarık Baykara Dogus University Faculty of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department Istanbul-Türkiye [email protected] Abstract: “Yataghan”, a unique and unparalleled sword design with its inverse curved or concave shape blade could be traced through the history back to the kurgan culture of the Central Asian steppes dating to 2000-3000 BCE. Widely used during the Ottoman period in the Anatolian penninsula and in the Balkans, it was a traditional weapon used by janissaries-Ottoman infantry soldiers, levents-Ottoman marines and zeibecks-chivalrous gangs of the Aegean Region. The typical inverse curved shape was found in the Northern Ordos bronze blades of the Hunnic-Turkic heritage and evolution of the form can be traced through the ages into the final destination into the town of Yatagan located in southwest Turkey, greater city of Denizli and the town is still very famous for its blacksmithing. Therefore, the 5000 years old tradition could be followed for yataghans based on archeological excavations in the Northern Ordos Region, the Syberian steppes and the Inner Mongolia. A detailed investigation on the geometrical shapes and forms of both “yataghan” and “kinglu” blades (The Northern Ordos bronze blades) could reveal the evolutionary progress of these swords during the ages. Key Words: Yataghan, swords, yataghan blade, inverse blade, 1. Introduction yataghan sword as “Kulaklı (in Turkish)– Yatagan or Yataghan… “Yataghan” is Eared” (Figure 2). a widely known traditional Turkish sword with a unique and unparalleled design which is one Historically, curved shape swords are typical handed with an edge on concave/incurved blade Turkic invention dated back to years 400-500 and a short hilt without a guard. -
Ongka 1, Kemis Kaping 6 Januwari 1881 Para Ingkang Sami Ngemin
Ongka 1, Kemis kaping 6 Januwari 1881 Para ingkang sami ngemin serat bramartani, kula aturi tumunten angintuni bayaripun dene ingkang taksih kawaledan bayaripun ing taun kapengker, ugi engggal angintuna bayaripun kalih pindhah; Jurungarang. ==============\================== Surakarta Kinanthi mongka panjurung, pabaratan bramartani, nalika rigaraleka, catur janwawari kang warsi, sinenkalan sang ambuja, sariraning para tami. Pangantyan putra sang prabu, kondur mring dalem pribadi, nadyan sang srimung sajuga, pakumpul neng jronig puri, lawan para tuwan-tuwan, paurmatan sang pangantin. Ewadene gara wau, tansah tamu kang pinusthi, myat rawuh ing sang pangantyan, mung para tuwan wlandi, kintening tyas kang mangabar, ing bramartani manawi. Karsa dalem sang aprabu, runtut aka kadang sai, kasubingngrat praja liyan, nenggih kangjen gsribupati, sanetya sang pangudinya, pamong mitra kang lastari. Mring para tuwan sadarum, sih siniyan awat kongsi, rengkajroning tyas sypaya, tinulada para sami,putra sang sudibyeng praja, katandhan widadeng puji. Kuburan Pacangkramaning durjana Nalika kaping 22 dhesember punika, jam 9, enjing, panewu pulisi kabudidayan ing tampir (Bayalali) pinuju amariksani dhusun dhusun bawahipun wonten sawetaning dhusun jethis kapethuk tiyang bawahipun anama tawijaya ing dirnca, lampahipun agagancangan lajeng kaandheg saha kapratitisaken tawijaya amratelakaken bilih lembunipun mentas kabradhat ing durjana, ananging lacakipun taksih urut anjog ing dhusun madhuk bawah mangkunegaran ing ngriku andadosaken kemenganing manahipun panewu -
FRISSON: the Collected Criticism of Alice Guillermo
FRIS SON: The Collected Criticism of Alice Guillermo Reviewing Current Art | 23 The Social Form of Art | 4 Patrick D. Flores Abstract and/or Figurative: A Wrong Choice | 9 SON: Assessing Alice G. Guillermo a Corpus | 115 Annotating Alice: A Biography from Her Bibliography | 16 Roberto G. Paulino Rendering Culture Political | 161 Timeline | 237 Acknowledgment | 241 Biographies | 242 PCAN | 243 Broadening the Public Sphere of Art | 191 FRISSON The Social Form of Art by Patrick D. Flores The criticism of Alice Guillermo presents an instance in which the encounter of the work of art resists a series of possible alienations even as it profoundly acknowledges the integrity of distinct form. The critic in this situation attentively dwells on the material of this form so that she may be able to explicate the ecology and the sociality without which it cannot concretize. The work of art, therefore, becomes the work of the world, extensively and deeply conceived. Such present-ness is vital as the critic faces the work in the world and tries to ramify that world beyond what is before her. This is one alienation that is calibrated. The work of art transpiring in the world becomes the work of the critic who lets it matter in language, freights it and leavens it with presence so that human potential unerringly turns plastic, or better still, animate: Against the cold stone, tomblike and silent, are the living glances, supplicating, questioning, challenging, or speaking—the eyes quick with feeling or the movements of thought, the mouths delicately shaping speech, the expressive gestures, and the bodies in their postures determined by the conditions of work and social circumstance. -
FILIPINOS in HISTORY Published By
FILIPINOS in HISTORY Published by: NATIONAL HISTORICAL INSTITUTE T.M. Kalaw St., Ermita, Manila Philippines Research and Publications Division: REGINO P. PAULAR Acting Chief CARMINDA R. AREVALO Publication Officer Cover design by: Teodoro S. Atienza First Printing, 1990 Second Printing, 1996 ISBN NO. 971 — 538 — 003 — 4 (Hardbound) ISBN NO. 971 — 538 — 006 — 9 (Softbound) FILIPINOS in HIS TOR Y Volume II NATIONAL HISTORICAL INSTITUTE 1990 Republic of the Philippines Department of Education, Culture and Sports NATIONAL HISTORICAL INSTITUTE FIDEL V. RAMOS President Republic of the Philippines RICARDO T. GLORIA Secretary of Education, Culture and Sports SERAFIN D. QUIASON Chairman and Executive Director ONOFRE D. CORPUZ MARCELINO A. FORONDA Member Member SAMUEL K. TAN HELEN R. TUBANGUI Member Member GABRIEL S. CASAL Ex-OfficioMember EMELITA V. ALMOSARA Deputy Executive/Director III REGINO P. PAULAR AVELINA M. CASTA/CIEDA Acting Chief, Research and Chief, Historical Publications Division Education Division REYNALDO A. INOVERO NIMFA R. MARAVILLA Chief, Historic Acting Chief, Monuments and Preservation Division Heraldry Division JULIETA M. DIZON RHODORA C. INONCILLO Administrative Officer V Auditor This is the second of the volumes of Filipinos in History, a com- pilation of biographies of noted Filipinos whose lives, works, deeds and contributions to the historical development of our country have left lasting influences and inspirations to the present and future generations of Filipinos. NATIONAL HISTORICAL INSTITUTE 1990 MGA ULIRANG PILIPINO TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Lianera, Mariano 1 Llorente, Julio 4 Lopez Jaena, Graciano 5 Lukban, Justo 9 Lukban, Vicente 12 Luna, Antonio 15 Luna, Juan 19 Mabini, Apolinario 23 Magbanua, Pascual 25 Magbanua, Teresa 27 Magsaysay, Ramon 29 Makabulos, Francisco S 31 Malabanan, Valerio 35 Malvar, Miguel 36 Mapa, Victorino M. -
FILIPINO MARTIAL ARTS the Filipino Martial Arts
Ronald A. Harris, Ph.D. FILIPINO MARTIAL ARTS The Filipino martial arts (FMA) can be called Filipino fencing, because they are methods of personal armed combat that emphasize skills in weaponry over skills in empty hands. Unarmed combat is practiced in FMA, but is traditionally studied after weaponry. This training sequence sets FMA apart from other martial arts that initiate with empty hands. Armed combat is known as Arnis, Eskrima (fencing, Spanish), and Kali. Arnis derives from the Spanish arnes meaning armor. It also comes from “harness,” referring to the battle harness worn by Filipino soldiers under Spanish command. Arnis-de-mano means “harness of hand”, referring to deft hand movements of Filipino grooms for Spanish officers. These lightning fast hand movements were native martial arts techniques in disguise. Forbidden by the Spanish to practice martial arts, defiant Filipinos retained their fighting skills in secret by hiding them in dance forms called Santikan, Sayaw, and Moro-Moro. Other etymologies have been suggested for the names of the various Filipino arts. Dueling an opponent is “to skirmish”. The Spanish term Esgrima is in the Pilipino language. Kali might be named after the Hindu Goddess of c:\mars\clio\fma 1 Ronald A. Harris, Ph.D. Destruction. Dan Inosanto says Kali is the conjunction of the first syllables of two words from the Philippine Islands Visayan language--kamot meaning “hand” and lihok meaning “motion”. Thus, Kali means “hand motion”. An etymology of the Pilipino language indicates otherwise. In the Hiligaynon dialect of the Western Visayas, the term kali means “to dig”, as with a shovel (pala). -
Martial Arts of the Middle Age
IQP JLS-0072 Martial Arts of the Middle Age Interactive Qualifying Project Report Submitted to the Faculty of the Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation by Andrew Aveyard ___________________ Jason Cardwell ___________________ Brad Davison ___________________ Daniel Haggerty ___________________ May 6, 2014 _______________________________ Professor Jeffrey L. Forgeng, Advisor 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 1 Abstract ......................................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 5 History of European Martial Arts ................................................................................................................ 10 Medieval Time Period ............................................................................................................................. 10 Environment of the Medieval Age ...................................................................................................... 10 Knightly Combat .................................................................................................................................. 12 Masters and their Manuscripts -
Sample File Gladius: Double-Edged Sword of Roman Design Between 65 and 70 Cm Long
he sword has been an iconic weapon in role-playing games from the earliest days. Who Thasn’t played a game where at least one player played a character wielding a mighty sword — be it a simple longsword, heavy bastard sword, versatile short sword, massive two-handed sword, or dextrous rapier? Swords, in their many flavors and varieties have filled the pages of role-playing games, fantasy books, and other writings for generations. But when you play your games, whether set in far off fantasy lands or in Norman England, do your swords all look alike? What sets one longsword apart from another? Sure, they all do the same amount of damage, but what makes them special? Swords have been around in human history since the Bronze Age, or maybe even earlier. They reached their height of variety and versatility in the European Middle Ages and have found a place among the armies of the world, stretching across Europe, Africa, and Asia. In basic terms, a sword is a bladed (edged) weapon used for cutting and thrusting. The exact definition, style, and name depends on which age of history you are examining and the culture that created the weapon. From saifs, daos, khopesh, katanas, spatha, talwar, and Viking swords to Norman Longswords, Zweihanders, scimitars, rapiers, epee, and cavalry sabers, swords have found a place in our history. These weapons were all designed to meet a specific need for the wielder - whether functional or emotional or both. From purely utilitarian functionality to great works of art, swords run the gamut of form and function, which is probably why they are so important in role-playing games. -
Blade Patterns Intrinsic to Steel Edged Weapons by Lee A
Blade Patterns Intrinsic to Steel Edged Weapons by Lee A. Jones In examining objects made from modern the natural background grain and layering to industrially produced steel little or no texture produce a desired pattern. Important to is readily apparent to the naked eye, even if consider within this parameter for layered the objects have been weathered or corroded. structures will be the planes of subsequent Earlier iron and steel artifacts will frequently stock removal (grinding) and how the angle show a pronounced texture. Such textures may of intersection of the created surface interacts arise from heterogeneous composition and or with the existing grain and layer structure to impurities such as slag stringers that are form a visible surface pattern. Fourth are the banished from or tightly regulated in the further effects obtainable in a blade made up production of modern steels. Additionally, in of several components welded together, the case of antique edged weapons, smiths whether it be merely a piled structure necessary frequently manipulated naturally occurring to achieve the desired blade mass and perhaps textures and or ingeniously joined together never intended to be noticed by the customer dissimilar materials to achieve desired or a deliberate decoration. The term ‘pattern- performance and or aesthetic appearance. welded’ or ‘twist core Damascus’ is applied Whether deliberate or intentional, such to a technique exemplified in Europe by patterns often yield clues to how such items Migration Period and Viking Age swords, but were made. This article will show a sampling also seen in work from many cultures in Asia. of such patterns as are found in swords and An extreme of this final parameter in the other edged weapons from a diversity of welding together of many components will be cultures and times. -
The Filipino Way of War: Irregular Warfare Through the Centuries
Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 2011-12 The Filipino way of war: irregular warfare through the centuries Reyeg, Fernando M. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10681 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS THE FILIPINO WAY OF WAR: IRREGULAR WARFARE THROUGH THE CENTURIES by Fernando M. Reyeg Ned B. Marsh December 2011 Thesis Advisor: Douglas Borer Second Reader: Hy Rothstein Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704–0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202–4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704–0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED December 2011 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE The Filipino Way of War: Irregular Warfare through 5. FUNDING NUMBERS the Centuries 6. AUTHOR(S) Fernando M. Reyeg, Ned B. Marsh 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School REPORT NUMBER Monterey, CA 93943–5000 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. -
THE GENESIS of the PHILIPPINE COMMUNIST PARTY Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Ph.D. Dames Andrew Richardson School of Orienta
THE GENESIS OF THE PHILIPPINE COMMUNIST PARTY Thesis submitted for the degree of Ph.D. dames Andrew Richardson School of Oriental and African Studies University of London September 198A ProQuest Number: 10673216 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10673216 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT Unlike communist parties elsewhere in Asia, the Partido Komunista sa Pilipinas (PKP) was constituted almost entirely by acti vists from the working class. Radical intellectuals, professionals and other middle class elements were conspicuously absent. More parti cularly, the PKP was rooted In the Manila labour movement and, to a lesser extent, in the peasant movement of Central Luzon. This study explores these origins and then examines the character, outlook and performance of the Party in the first three years of its existence (1930-33). Socialist ideas began to circulate during the early 1900s, but were not given durable organisational expression until 1922, when a Workers’ Party was formed. Led by cadres from the country's principal labour federation, the Congreso Obrero, this party aligned its policies increasingly with those of the Comintern.