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High-Speed Railways and Urban Networks in China

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High-Speed Railways and Urban Networks in China HIGH-SPEED RAILWAYS AND URBAN NETWORKS IN CHINA HAORAN YANG 518048-L-bw-yang Processed on: 29-3-2018 PDF page: 1 The research reported in this book was conducted at the Urban and Regional research centre Utrecht (URU), Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, and was accomplished with financial support from the China Scholarship Council. The publication of this book was financially sponsored by the Urban and Regional research centre Utrecht. ISBN: 978-94-028-0998-5 Design/Layout: Wendy Bour-van Telgen, Ipskamp Printing, Enschede Print: Ipskamp Printing, Enschede ©Haoran Yang, 2018 All rights are reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, distributed, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without prior written permission of the author. 518048-L-bw-yang Processed on: 29-3-2018 PDF page: 2 HIGH-SPEED RAILWAYS AND URBAN NETWORKS IN CHINA HOGESNELHEIDSSPOORWEGEN EN URBANE NETWERKEN IN CHINA Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Utrecht op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof.dr. G.J. van der Zwaan, ingevolge het besluit van het college voor promoties in het openbaar te verdedigen op maandag 7 mei 2018 des middags te 2.30 uur door Haoran Yang geboren op 19 januari 1987 te Kunming, China 518048-L-bw-yang Processed on: 29-3-2018 PDF page: 3 Promotor: Prof. dr. M.J. Dijst Copromotor: Dr. P.A. Witte 518048-L-bw-yang Processed on: 29-3-2018 PDF page: 4 Preface The PhD study was a tough journey regarding the solitary and often soul- wrenching process. When I began my PhD study, I knew almost nothing about the High-Speed railway (HSR) and urban networks from the perspective of social sciences because during that time my limited knowledge on this topic was merely from the perspective of environmental sciences. Because my master degree was related to environmental system analysis, it was indeed a tough process for me to upgrade from a natural sciences MSc student to a social sciences researcher. However, after four years’ studying and working on this subject, I am becoming more and more interested in the social sciences research. I was so grateful for the opportunity of being a social sciences researcher that I get to know HSR and urbanisation development in China and the underlying reasons for that. The completion of this dissertation would not have been possible without the guidance and support of many mentors, colleagues, friends and the institutions providing support. First of all, Prof. Hans van Ginkel, my promotor Prof. Martin Dijst and co- promotor Dr. Patrick Witte deserve acknowledgement. Even though Hans could not be officially mentioned as my co-promotor in the dissertation because he had retired from Utrecht University for such a long time, I was so glad that he had been my supervisor during the four years’ PhD studies. To be honest, the start of the PhD was rather tough for me. You have been a spiritual mentor for me from the beginning of my PhD up to now by always encouraging me to move forward. I still remember every moment when we had lunch in the Grift Park to discuss the research, history, culture and politics. Your knowledge and experience on how to cooperate with people with different characteristics and deal with multiple tasks in parallel were quite beneficial for me. I learned a lot from you about solving the problems in the work and life with patience and perseverance, and build up a broad view of the society. Martin, many thanks to you for contributing your broad knowledge base, expertise, enthusiasm and patience to my PhD research and supporting me all the way with your professional know-how, attitude and experience. You are a very detailed person and can always give insightful and critical suggestions to improve the whole content of articles greatly. You taught me how to be a professional researcher with logic, rigorous and critical thinking in academia. I really appreciated your insightful and constructive comments from the start of my PhD and learned a lot from your approach to efficiently solving the problems in the research. Patrick, your detailed comments on the writing and structure of my thesis were 518048-L-bw-yang Processed on: 29-3-2018 PDF page: 5 always helpful for improving my scientific writing and thinking. Your humor in the life and positive attitude toward the work also inspire me a lot when I faced some difficulties. I still remember you shared the experience of being a PhD candidate during our trip to Brussels, and our lunch and coffee time. Your brilliant suggestions and inspiring advice gave me the strength to overcome difficulties and to keep moving forward. I also would particularly like to acknowledge my teachers, colleagues and peer researchers who have contributed to my research. Prof. Jiao’e Wang, thank you for your data sharing and knowledge input on the transportation network research as well as two chapters of my dissertation. The discussion with you through Skype and emails for almost two years really helped me a lot facilitate the whole PhD project. Dr. Frédéric Dobruszkes, thank you for your insightful knowledge input on one of my chapters and introducing me famous HSR researchers in the world. I really appreciate your hospitality and kindness on my trip to Brussels and international conferences. You brought me into a broad HSR and transportation research world. Dr. Guillaume Burghouwt and Thijs Boonekamp, thank you for the econometric knowledge input to one chapter of my dissertation. The cooperation with both of you really taught me a lot on the understanding of the competition between HSR and airlines from the perspective of economic geography. Furthermore, I want to thank Prof. Dick Ettema and Dr. Jianxi Feng for their guidance on the travel behaviour research during Martin’s burnout. Their useful suggestions really help me improve the model and content of the paper. I also would like to thank Prof. Tejo Spit. During my first-year PhD research, Tejo gave me a lot of useful guidance on the research design of my PhD dissertation and introduced me the relevant research topics and interesting papers. Furthermore, I also want to thank Prof. Yonglong Lu from the Chinese Academy of Sciences for bringing me to Hans and this PhD project. I would like to sincerely thank Prof. Yaping Zhang from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Without your support for me to contact those senior government officers in the China Railway Corporate, it would be impossible for me to acquire the passenger flow data for my research. I also thank your consistent concern and guidance in my life and career development. Dr. Jaap Nieuwenhuis and Dr. Ming Liu, thank you for sharing me with the knowledge of the random effect model which is quite useful for my research on the topic of competition between HSR and airlines. Dr. Aloys Borgers, thank you for detailed and constructive email contacts with me for the application of the discrete choice model. 518048-L-bw-yang Processed on: 29-3-2018 PDF page: 6 I also would like to thank other friends and colleagues for accompanying and supporting during the whole PhD journey. Nico Dogterom, as your roommate in office 406, it was great for me to share the same office with you in the four years’ PhD studies. We had enjoyed the wonderful time together by discussing a lot about the culture, politics and even gossips together. During four years’ PhD study, I was actively involved in the social activities of the Chinese student association in Utrecht and want to thank those friends in CUSA, Yujie He, Yipu Wei, Jingyang Liu and other members (Yumao Zhang, Yulong Zhao and Xiaoling Zang). Without your support and encouragement to me, I could not successfully make this happen and success. I also want to thank my colleagues during my time in the PhD council Prout, especially Nico, Sophie Uijen and Tina Venema for their pleasant cooperation. Many thanks to all those formal colleagues and friends in our department and university: Yafei Liu, Cui Can, Hong Hu, Fangfang Chen, Yanliu Lin, Nan Xiang, Zidan Mao, Ying Liu, Marijke Jansen, Ineke Deelen, Nynke Burgers, Anouk Tersteeg, Marianne de Beer, Mengyuan Chen, Ke Lu, Zhuoyan Chen, Xing Su, Jie Gao, Yongling Li, Min Yang, Xin Jin, Sara Macdonald, Huaxiong Jiang, Hongbo Chai, D Delphine, Xiao Chang, Yuxi Zhao, Na Chen, Hongkai Wang, Yuan Ji, Yong Guo, Qingxuan Peng, and Congrui Qiao. It is not easy to study and live in a foreign country. I want to specifically thank my soul mate, Yuan Xi, for accompanying with me in the last year of the PhD journey. We went to many of places of interest and enjoyed a lot of fun together. Your encouragement to me pushed me forward on the PhD route. Finally, I want to give my special thanks to my parents, Li He and Hongsheng Yang for their selfless and unconditional love and continuous support for me. Especially for my beloved Mom Li He, I was partly pushed by you to pursue this PhD journey because of your expectation on me to be a PhD. I knew that in the past four years, I had many arguments with you on the meaning of PhD, but I’m proud that I finally followed your steps. Thank you very much again for the warmth and strength on me. I will continue to pursue my dream with your consistent support and belief on me! Haoran Yang March, 2018 518048-L-bw-yang Processed on: 29-3-2018 PDF page: 7 Table of contents 1.
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