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A Revision of the Genus Ephemerella (Ephemeroptera, Ephemerellidae) VIII

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A Revision of the Genus Ephemerella (Ephemeroptera, Ephemerellidae) VIII OF THE '~ ' . ' . " VOLUME 4 NUMBER 6 APRIL, 1965 .. :· ·, ..... Published by the ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF A1'1ERICA A Revision of the Genus Ephemerella (Ephemeroptera, Ephemerellidae) VIII. The Subgenus Ephemerella in North America RICHARD K. ALLEN AND GEORGE F. EDMUNDS, JR. CONTENTS Abstract 244 E. fratcrcula McDunnough . 264 rntrocluction 244 E. nzollitia Seemann. ................. 265 Taxonomy 244 E. lacustris, n. sp .. 265 Keys to the North American subgenera of E. inernzis Eaton. 267 Ephcnicrclla 244 E. i11Jrequens McDunnough. 271 Subgenus E phcmcrclla "Talsh s. s. 245 E. maculata Traver ........ 273 Keys to the l\' orth American species of the E. needhami McDunnough. 274 subgenus E phemerella 247 Ji. aurivillii (Bengtsson) 27.5 Ji. catawba Traver 253 E. 1•erruca, n. sp ... 276 E. excrucians Walsh. 256 Ji. crcnula, n. sp .. 277 E. ora Burks 256 E. sinzila, 11. sp .. 277 !~. argo Burks 258 E. rossi, 11. sp. 278 E. dorothea Needham 258 E. hispida, n. sp .. 278 E. inconstans Traver 2S9 E. bcrneri Allen and Edmunds. 278 Ji. subvaria McDunnough 260 E. septentrionalis McDunnough. 279 E. rotunda Morgan 261 Acknowledgments 279 E. invaria (Walker) 263 E. choctawhatchee Berner 264 References Cited ....................... 280 A Revision of the Genus Ephemerella (Ephemeroptera, Ephemerellidae) VIII. The Subgenus Ephemerella in North America Rrc:HARD K. ALLEN AND CEOR<;E F. EDM u :-ms, J R. 1 Uniz'crsity of Utah, Salt La!.'c City, Utah ABSTRACT The 25 species of the genus Ephemerella Walsh in tions, and distribution records and maps. Illustrated keys North America formerly placed in the subgenera Ephem­ arc given for the nymphs and male a(lults. n. euterpe erella, s. s. ( =invaria-group auct.), and Chitonophora Traver is regarded as a synonym of E. marnlata Traver. (Bengtsson) (=11eedha11zi-group auct.) are placed in the n. lacustris is described from imagoes and nymphs from subgenus Ephemerel/a, s. s. Characters do not allow \Vyoming, and E. verruca from Oregon, E. simila from grouping of the nymphs and adults in concordant groups \Vest Virginia, E. rossi from Tennessee, and n. crenula that correspond with the 2 subgenera previously recog­ and E. hispida from North Carolina and Tennessee arc nized. Accounts are given for the nymph and male adult described from the nymphal stage only. of each species including synonymies, synoptic descrip- ------ -------- INTRODUC:T ION KEYS TO THE NORTH AM ER!CAN SUBGENERA OF EP!lliMJiRnLL1 Part I of this revision (Allen and Edmunds 1959) dealt with the subgenus Timpanoga N eeclham, Part ll!ALE IMAGOES t( II (Allen and Edmunds 1961a) with the subgenus 1. Paired lateral cerci ~-·Y+ as long as median >;i"~ Caudatella Edmunds, Part III (Allen and Edmunds terminal filament. Caudatella ' 1961 b) with the subgenus A ttenuatella Edmunds, Part Paired lateral cerci and median terminal fila- IV (Allen and Edmunds 1962a) with the subgenus ment subequal in length. 2 Dannella Edmunds, Part V (Allen and Edmunds 2 (1). Terminal segment of genital forceps 6 times as l 962h) with the subgenus Drunclla Needham, Part long as broad (III, Fig. 3-4). Attenuatella VI (Allen and Edmunds 1963a) with the subgenus Terminal segment of genital forceps less than 4 Scrratclla Edmunds, and Part VII (Allen and Ed­ times as long as broad (as in V, Fig. 2, 5-10, munds 1963b) with the subgenus Euryloplzclla Tien­ 20; or VI, Fig. 2-10) 3 suu. This paper, Part VIII, concludes the revision of 3 (2). Terminal segment of genital forceps more than the North American species of this di verse and twice as 1ong as broad and inner margin of abundant genus. long 2nd segment of genital forceps distinctly incurved or strongly bowed (V, Fig. 2, 5-10, TAXONOMY 20) .... Drunella Most of the North American species of the genus Terminal segment of genital forceps less than Ephcmcrella Walsh can he determined to subgenus twice as long as broad and inner margin of with ease by employing the existing published keys long 2nd segment of genital forceps not (Traver 1935, Edmunds 1959). Because some spe­ strongly bowed (as in VI, Fig. 2-10). 4 cies, especially those in the larger subgenera, are 4(3). Pcncs with spines (VIII, Fig. 2-15, 18-19). rather atypical members of the subgenus to which Ephemerella, s.s, in part they are assignee!, the presently published subgeneric I'enes without spines. 5 keys may be difficult for those who have only a casual 5 ( 4). Penes with long lateral apical lobes (as in I, acquaintance with the Ephemeroptera. For this rea­ Fig. 4; VIII, Fig. 17) . 6 son we include the following artificial key to the Penes without long lateral apical lobes (as in North American subgenera which will facilitate the VI, Fig. 2-10; VII, Fig. 3-13). 7, subgeneric assignment of male adult and nymphal 6(5). Vestigial nymphal gills retained on abdominal specimens of the genus Ephcmerclla. segments 4-7; well-developed postero-Iateral projections on segments 8 and 9; penes con­ In the following key the Roman numerals and figure stricted at base (I, Fig. 4) ; distribution re­ numbers enclosed in parentheses refer to the pre­ tricted to Western North America (I, Fig. viously published revisions of the genus. That is, 16). Timpanoga, E. hecuba Roman numeral III in couplet 2 makes reference to Vestigial nymphal gills wanting; posterolateral "A revision of the genus Ephenierella (Ephernerop­ projections wanting on segments 8 and 9; tera: Ephernerellidae). III. The subgenus A ttenu­ penes not constricted at base (VIII, , Fig. atella. J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 34: 161-73," and Fig. 17) ; distribution restricted to Eastern North 3-4 indicate the figure numbers in that publication. America (VIII, Fig. 81) . ....... Ephemerella, s.s. ; E. needhami 7 ( 5). Abdominal stcrna 2-7 with reddish-brown to 1 The research on which this report is hase<l was supported dark brown medially notched rectangular hy grants from the National Science Foundation and the Univcr­ s'ity of Utah Research Fund. markings (VTTI, Fig. 28); subgenital plate 244 Ar.LEN AND EDMUNDS: GENUS Ephemcrclla. VITI. SUBGENUS Ephemerella 245 hro:td, pencs small ancl genital forceps bowed to Eastern North America (VIII, Fig. 81) (VI Il, Fig. 16) ; distribution restricted to . Ephemerella, s.s., E. septentrionalis \VC'stern Korth America (VIII, Fig. 78). Abdominal terga without tubercles (as in VIII, Ephemerella, s.s. ; E. maculata Fig. 1) or with paired submedian tubercles Abdominal sterna without rectangular mark­ (as in VI, Fig. 1); legs short and robust (as ings; suhgenital plate narrow, penes variable in VI, Fig. 26-37) ; caudal filaments without an cl genital forceps nearly straight (as in VI, spines or with whorls of only short spines at Fig. 2-10; VII, Fig. 3-13) ; widely distrib- apex of each segment ; distribution not re­ uted 8 stricted to Eastern North America. 7 8(7). Penes with lateral subapical projections (VI, 7 ( 6). Caudal filaments with whorls of spines at apex Fig. 2-3; 6-10) . Serratella, in part of each segment and with only sparse inter­ Penes without lateral subapical projections (as segmental setae or none (VI, Fig. 16) ; max­ in IV, Fig. 2; VI, Fig. 4-5; VII, Fig. 3-13). 9 illary palpi absent or reduced in size (VI, Fig. 41 ) . Serratell a 9(8). Forctibia longer than foretarsus; male genitalia without a median tubercle on subgenital plate Caudal filaments with or without whorls of (VI, Fig. 4--5) .............. Serratella, in part spines at apex of each segment and with heavy intersegmental setae Fig. 27); maxil­ Forctibia shorter than foretarsus; male geni­ (VIII, lary palpi well developed (VIII, Fig. 20) talia with a small median tubercle on sub­ genital plate (as in IV, Fig. 2; VII, Fig. .. Ephemerella, s.s., in part 8(1). 3-13) ........... 10 Tarsal claws without denticles. 9 Tarsal claws with denticles. .10 I 0 ( 9). Third foretarsus shorter than 2nd; pen es united apically, swollen at base, and 2nd segment of 9(8). Apex of each femur terminating in a sharp spine genital forceps thick (VII, Fig. 3-13). (I, Fig. 1) ; distribution restricted to \Vestern . Eurylophella North America (I, Fig. 16). Third foretarsus longer than 2nd; penes ex­ . ... Timpanoga, E. hecuba parnled apically, narrow at base, and 2'nd seg­ Apex of each femur without such a spine (IV, ment of genital forceps thin (IV, Fig. 2) .... Fig. 1) ; distribution restricted to Eastern . Dannella North America. Dannella l\!ATURE NYll!PHS 10(9). Abdominal segment 9 distinctly longer than seg­ ment 8, and gills on tergum 4 semi-operculate 1. T.amcllate gills present on abdominal terga 3-7 (VII, Fig. 1).... ........ Eurylophella (as in II, Fig. 1) ........ 2 Lamellate gills present on abdominal terga 4--7 Abdominal segments 8 and 9 subequal, and gills (as in I, Fig. 1) . .. ...... 8 imbricated (III, Fig. 1)... Attenuatella 2(1 ). Paired lateral cerci ;4-}:4 as long as median In the following species accounts collections made terminal filament. Caudatella by the authors are indicated by initials G FE and/ or Paired lateral cerci and median terminal fila- RKA. Abbreviations for collections in which speci­ ment suhequal in length 3 mens are deposited are: AMNH, American Museum of Natural History; CAS, California Academy of 3 (2). Distinct tubercles present on ventral (leading) edge of forefemora (V, Fig. 42-40) ; tarsal Sciences; CNC, Canadian National Collection; CU, claws with only 1-4 denticles . Drunella, in part Cornell University; GE, General Electric (Hanford Tubercles wanting on ventral (leading) edge of Works, Richland, Wash.); INHS, Illinois State forefcmora (as in V, Fig. 50, 62; VI, Fig. Natural History Survey; JRT, ]. R. Traver personal 26-37) ; tarsal claws usually with more than collection; LL, J. W. and F. A. Leonard personal 4 denticles .
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