Hatirjheel 1
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Field Study Report Course No. : WFM 6306 Course Name: Urban Water Management Submitted to Dr. M. Shah Alam Khan Professor IWFM, BUET Submitted by Uthpal Kumar Roll No. 0411284003 Institute of Water and Flood Management Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology February, 2012 Detention and Retention Function of Hatirjheel Integrated Project and Its Management Aspect By Uthpal Kumar, PhD Candidate, IWFM, BUET, Dhaka-1000. [email protected] 1. Introduction Detention and retention basin are important component of stormwater management in the cities. The Hatirjheel-Begunbary detention basin is the largest stromwater detention basin in Dhaka which drains stormwater from one-third catchment area of the city. Dhanmondi, Gulshan and Banani lakes are hydrologically linked with this detention basin, and the combined outfall of the whole catchment area (about 30 km2) falls at Rampura, where Begunbary Khal meets to receive total drainage discharge, and finally drained into the Balu river by gravity flow. After the severe flood in 1988, a regulator was constructed at the Rampura outfall and this regulator is kept close as the external river water level reach at 5 m PWD. At that time a total of 50 (30 pumps are of 25 cusec and 20 are of 5 cusec capacity) pumps are used to drain stormwater from entire catchment area and the total process is maintained by the DWASA. The detention capacity and function of the Hatirjheel basin have been reduced significantly due to illegal encroachment. Moreover, solid waste dumping, illegal households’ and industrial sewerage connections have also been polluted the total system for its subsistence uses. Management of Hatirjheel basin is very much critical to reduce the flood hazards in Dhaka city. That’s why government had decided to implement an integrated project including development of road communication in east- west direction in Dhaka city. This project is expected to improve the detention capacity and function of the Hatirjheel basin. The present report is based on our field study conducted as a part of an academic course, ‘Urban Water Management’ offered by the Institute of Water and Flood Management of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET). In this study we had a key focus on the problems and challenges that have been facing by the implementing organization and the future management aspect. 2. Objectives: According to the project officer, Major Md. Ferdous-Ur-Rahman Khan, the main objectives of the Hatirjheel integrated project are to: 2 . Develop the Hatirjheel as a fresh water lakes for beautiful Dhaka city project; . Improve the detention and retention capacity of the Hatirjheel basin . Save the major part of Dhaka from river flood; . Protect the Hatirjheel-Begunbary Khal from illegal encroachment; and . Improve beautification and development of water governance in Dhaka city. 3. Study Method This study has been conducted through 2 field visits and transects work across the project site and its periphery. Individual meeting with the project officer, local people and caretaker of the Rampura pumping station were conducted during field visits. We also collected a project draft report from our class mentor, Professor M. Shah Alam Khan, for secondary information regarding the project. The Figure 1 shows the study area of the present study and Figure 2 shows the interview session conducted with the caretaker of Rampura pumping station. Figure 1: Study area of the Hatirjheel Integrated Project. Figure 2: Mr. Uthpal Kumar is interviewing the caretaker Mr. Nuruzzaman of Rampura pumping station. The major questions asked on the performance of the Rumpura regulator and pumping station during monsoon and its management aspect. According to Mr. Nuruzzaman performance and management of the Rumpura regulator and pumping station is quite well. However, it will be much better after the completion of the Hatirjheel project. He said excess solid waste create most problems during pumping season. Sometime plastic bag reduce the pumping efficiency of the pumps. 4. Major Institutional involvement for implementation WASA, LGED and RAJUK are the three main institutions which have their individual responsibility and project components in this integrated project. The overall management and implementation activities have been conducting with the sole responsibilities of the Bangladesh Army to avoid civil unrest, conflicts and illegal forces during the project implementation period. In this project Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) is involve to develop the road network and construction works of the project, Dhaka Water Supply and Sewerage Authority (DWASA) is involve to setup the wastewater diversion works and Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakkha (RAJUK) is involve to the activities like slope protection, sludge management work, etc. Jute and synthetic geotextile have been using for slope protection works of the project. According to the Project Officer, mainly Jute geotextile has been using more because of its natural degradation capacity with less harmful effects in the soil and water environment including cost effectiveness. 5. Problem and Challenges of Project implementation At the beginning of project implementation removal of illegal structures and encroachment were the major challenges for the implementing agency. According to the Project Officer, Major Md. Ferdous-Ur-Rahman Khan, this project was not possible to implement without involvement of the Bangladesh Army. He said we are still facing 72 filed cases in the Court. Displacement of the religious structures like temple and mosque were most sensitive for such a country like Bangladesh. Sludge or bottom sediment management was also a major challenging task after the project in hand. Major Khan said that cleaning and excavation of the bottom soil was more painful as it was fully organic juicy as like as Mercury (Hg). He explained an interesting story of sludge management of the Hatirjheel project. The total sludge was calculated is about 10 crore CFT. One truck can carry only 450 CFT. So, if 700 trucks are engaged each day to transport the sludge in the disposal point it required about 6 years for sludge removal from the Lake bed. Besides, disposal of the sludge was also a major problem of the project. In this aspect at first sludge quality were evaluated by the expert project team and found that sludge is mostly organic and less harmful for agricultural soil. After that evaluation the sludge were disposed on the nearby low laying agricultural land at Kallayanpur. Now this problem is solve by very hard works of the Army workers. Removal of one of the biggest BGMEA building is not successful, although it is the only structure which is still standing in the middle of the Hatirjheel detention basin. BGMEA had built this structure violating the Water Body Conservation Act 2000. Besides, they had not any legal permission from RAJUK. That’s why the High Court ordered to remove this illegal structure from this natural water bodies. But due to a powerful interruption by the central government it was not possible to dismiss the structure from Hatirjheel detention basin. 6. Major Construction Work . Service road: lake side one way road which is to be used for delivering the service facilities and visiting purposes in the Hatirjheel project area. No parking facility would be available in this road. Express road: 2-lane road is to be developed for improving traffic and communication facilities in the east-west direction in Dhaka city. SSDS/CSO: mean secondary sewerage diversion system/combined sewerage system. Total 11 SSDS/CSO will be constructed at 11 sewerage intake points at the Hatirjheel detention basin project. The SSDS has been design in such a way that the dry weather flow will be fully managed through the entire sewer network. However, during monsoon heavy or excess flow will be overflowed at the Hatirjheel lake system. The overflowed water is expected to be less polluted than that of the dry weather sewerage flow. 5 . Bridge: A number of elevated bridges will be constructed in the project area for improving communication facilities from one side to another side of the project area. ETP: A central ETP will be operated to treat the sewerage water before it discharge to the Balu river. The ETP will be located at Daserkandi. Slope protection work: Jute geotextile has been using to protect the lake slope in the project. Diversion networks: 6 diameters concrete pipe has been using to develop the sewerage diversion channel in both side of the lake project. Excavation: Excavation of the existing Hatirjheel detention area is one of the big task of this project. 7. Public Conflicts During our field visit 3 local people were interviewed at the Rampura site of the project. These people had business and home structures inside the project area. They claimed that Army person has been trying to remove them from their legal land which is a strong violation of the human right. They said Professor. Mojibor Rahman of BUET has been designed this ambitious project which has been a killing agent for existence. A 40-year aged people said that their house and business place is situated beyond 600 m of the Hatirjheel detention basin. But due to development of a long highway they are now sufferer. When we asked them about their compensation and present legal status, he said that there is a High Court stay order but Army personnel did not obeying the court decision. They also explained a situation when Army persons were started to demolish their house structure in the presence of their 17 family members (including children) inside the house. At present situation they are agreed to move away from their house but they demands equivalent land preferably in the Rampura area as they have been grown up in this area. Till this study they have been living in the houses although government authority has disconnected the electricity, water and gas lines of this house.