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FSC User-Friendly Guide to FSC Certification for Smallholders

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FSC User-Friendly Guide to FSC Certification for Smallholders Forest Stewardship Council FSC user-friendly guide to FSC certification for smallholders Make more out of your forests! FSC Technical Series No. 2009 - T003 The Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) is an independent, FORWORD non-governmental, not for profit organization established to promote the responsible management of the world’s FSC developed this guide to help smallholders to gain better access forests. It provides standard setting, trademark assurance to FSC certification and its benefits, since access to certification can and accreditation services for companies and organizations be more challenging than for larger enterprises. interested in responsible forestry. FSC’s efforts to encourage smallholders into FSC certification are guided by the FSC Global Strategy which outlines five clear goals. Products carrying the FSC label are independently certified Goal 2 is to ensure equitable access to the benefits of the FSC to assure consumers that they come from forests that are system. FSC will develop additional mechanisms to distribute the managed to meet the social, economic and ecological needs benefits from FSC certification more evenly across the supply chain. FSC will also become a more viable and attractive solution for forest of present and future generations. managers in tropical regions and increase its relevance to small forest owners, community or low intensity managed forests. FSC would like to express its gratitude to the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) for the financial support that made this guide possible. Special thanks also go to UNEP and CIFOR for their institutional support. Produced by FSC International Center GmbH, 1st edition, November 2009 FSC’S VISION The world’s forests meet the social, ecological and Funded by GEF through UNEP, coordinated by economic rights and needs of the present generation without CIFOR and supported by ProForest compromising those of future generations. FSC’S MISSION The FSC shall promote environmentally appropriate, socially benefi- cial, and economically viable management of the world‘s forests. Environmentally appropriate forest management ensures that the harvest of timber and non-timber products maintains the forest‘s biodiversity, productivity and ecological processes. Socially beneficialforest management helps both local people and society at large to enjoy long term benefits and also provides strong incentives to local people to sustain the forest resources and adhere to long-term management plans. © Forest Stewardship Council A.C. Economically viable forest management means that forest opera- This work is copyright protected. The FSC logo is registered tions are structured and managed so as to be sufficiently profita- by FSC A.C. and pro-tected. With the exception of the FSC ble, without generating financial profit at the expense of the forest logo, the graphics and text in this publication may be repro- resources, the ecosystem or affected communities. The tension duced in whole or in part, provided that is it not sold or used between the need to generate adequate financial returns and the commercially and its source is acknowledged. principles of responsible forest operations can be reduced through efforts to market forest products for their best value.” © All rights reserved FSC-SECR-0002 • Front cover photocredits: © FSC / Juan Carlos Reyes © TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION FSC uses certification to engage the market, encouraging About this guide recognition of the value of forests to improve social and environmental practices in forest management worldwide. 1. WHAT IS A “SMALLHOLDER”? Forests provide us with clean water, fresh air and even help to combat global warming. Forests also provide us with food, medicine and important natural resources such 2. WHAT IS FSC CERTIFICATION? as timber. If managed responsibly, forests and plantations 2.1 Forest management certification benefit the local and global community at large. 2.2 Chain of custody certification Smallholders are critically important stewards of the world’s 3. WHY SHOULD SMALLHOLDERS forests. They own and manage 55 percent of forests in GET CERTIFIED? Europe and almost 25 percent in the global South1 . A top 3.1 Market benefits priority for FSC is to ensure that it embraces smallholder 3.2 Social benefits forestry. Currently, smallholders collectively manage nearly 3.3 Environmental benefits one fifth (18%) of the total area globally certified to the FSC Principles and Criteria2, and this number is expected to 4. HOW TO GET CERTIFIED increase in the coming years. 5-steps to FSC certification Meeting the direct and indirect costs of FSC certification can be challenging for smaller and less intensive operations. 5. SPECIAL PROGRAMS FOR SMALLHOLDERS However, the market rewards for smallholders who engage 5.1 A program for SLIMFs in FSC certification can outweigh the initial costs of getting 5.2 Group certification - a program for smallholders certified. And there are many social and environmental 5.3 Some other useful resources benefits to practicing responsible forest management according to internationally recognized rules. 6. WHAT KINDS OF COSTS ARE INVOLVED? 1 White and Martin (2002), www.cepf-eu.org 6.1 Direct costs 2 Figures from 15 September 2009, www.fsc.org/facts-figures.html 6.2 Indirect costs 7. EMERGING TOOLS TO ADDRESS CHALLENGES 7.1 Landscape approach to Group certification 7.2 Certified forestry contractors About this guide 7.3 A stepwise approach to becoming certified 7.4 A “community’’ origin label This guide provides guidance on how you, as a smallholder, 7.5 Dual FSC-Fairtrade certification for communities can seek FSC certification and be rewarded for your 7.5 Facilitating business development services long-term and careful management practices. It provides an overview of what FSC certification is and highlights examples of actual and potential economic, social and 8. DIVERSIFYING FOREST INCOME RESOURCES environmental benefits. 9. CONCLUSION This guide includes information on existing resources that can help you obtain FSC certification. It also offers an insight into projects currently in development that could offer further 10. USEFUL LINKS AND REFERENCES attractive benefits for you to engage in FSC certification. 2. WHAT IS FSC CERTIFICATION? 2.1 Forest management (FM) certification FSC forest management (FM) certification is a way of ensuring that a forest manager’s, or owner’s, careful and long-term forest management is recognized. Certification is voluntary. It involves an inspection of the forest management by an independent organization to check that it passes the internationally agreed FSC Principles and Criteria of good forest management. Special options exist for smallholders and groups of forest operations. To sell material from an FSC certified forest with the FSC logo, the forest manager must also achieve FSC chain of custody certification. It offers a guarantee that the product comes from a well-managed forest and enables you to pass on the benefits of certification to your customers. 1. WHAT IS A “SMALLHOLDER”? FSC accreditation “Smallholder” is the term used to describe anyone who owns, manages or uses controls at least forests which are considered “small” in once a year spot checks relation to others in their region, and those who apply low intensity harvesting certification practices to timber and/or non-timber forest body products. controls at least controls at least once a year once a year In different parts of the world, smallholders are known by different names – woodlot owners, family forests, small non-industrial private forests, small forest enterprises, community forestry operations, and non- FSC certified forest FSC certified FSC labeled timber forest product (NTFP) harvesters manufacturer product are some examples. FSC also refers to them as owners or managers of Small and 2.2 Chain of custody (CoC) certification Low Intensity Managed Forests (SLIMFs). Collectively they face cost and procedural FSC chain of custody (CoC) allows credible tracking of barriers to certification. FSC material from the forest, through the entire production process, to committed retailers and consumers. Certification is voluntary. It involves an inspection by an independent organization against FSC standards. Photocredit: © FSC / Eric Goethals - Graphic-credit: 3. WHY SHOULD SMALLHOLDERS GET • Premiums prices – FSC certified products can CERTIFIED? sell for higher prices when compared to uncertified products3. For example, FAO reports that, in February FSC certification through the Small and Low Intensity 2009, in the Netherlands, FSC certified Sapupira Managed Forest (SLIMF) and Group Certification program sawnwood from Asia was sold for 1’398 USD/ m3, has many benefits for the forest owners and the local while Sapupira sawnwood without the FSC label community, as well as the environment. netted only 883 USD/ m3. At least some of this benefit from the international market should be reflected in Certification can help to strengthen communities and price premium for the producers. Smallholders, with workers in the competitive and increasingly globalized small quantities of harvest to sell, may find greater market for forest products. It can also help to improve forest advantages if they get organized in forest product management, including the forest’s future productivity – marketing cooperatives. not only for timber but also for non-timber forest products (NTFPs). FSC certification is also compatible with • Continued financial support – FSC certification management
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