How to Speak Cantonese: Fifty Conversations in Cantonese
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Domestic Violence in Papua New Guinea
- ;. ..,. DOl11estic . Violence In··,~ Papua New Guinea PAPUA NEWGUINEA Monogroph No.! ~l ------~-------------~~I I ! DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN ![ P APUA NEW GUINEA i Monograph No. 3 I DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA Edited by SUSAN TOFT Law Reform Commission of Papua New Guinea Monograph No. 3 1 v For the women, and men, of l'apua New Guinea Copyright © 1985 by the Law Reform Commission and the several authors, each in respect of the paper contributed by him/her. See the table of contents for the full list of such copyright owners and the papers in respect of which they are the copyright owners. ISBN 9980 55 001 5 published by the Papua New Guinea Law Reform Commission, Port Moresby. Printed by Colorcraft Ltd., Hong Kong. Cover by Edwin Kouvali, National Arts School, incorporating a design of figures by Alphonse Miai previously published in Asimba by the Expressive Arts Department of Sogeri National High School, 1975. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA PREFACE /IL;\iW"kEFORM COMMISSION OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA COMMISSIONERS In response to a Reference from the Minister for Justice, the Law Reform J oseph Faupugu Aisa, Acting Chairman Commission has investigated the problem of dc.mestic violence in Papua New Guinea. Two extensive surveys, one rural and the other urban, have been Roy Tiden completed and results published in Occasional Papers Nos. 18 and 19. The Lepani Watson Immaculata Kereku survey reports contain mainly quantitative material, so the papers in this Robert Lak monograph, which bring a qualitative aspect to the collection and analysis of AlIan Marat data, add depth and enable a broader perspective on the topic. -
Information to Users
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microrilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Order Number 9427765 Urban family structure in late antiquity as evidenced by John Chrysostom O'Roark, Douglaa Alan, Ph.D. The Ohio State University, 1994 Copyright ©1994 by O'Roark, Douglas Alan. -
The Literature of Kita Morio DISSERTATION Presented In
Insignificance Given Meaning: The Literature of Kita Morio DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Masako Inamoto Graduate Program in East Asian Languages and Literatures The Ohio State University 2010 Dissertation Committee: Professor Richard Edgar Torrance Professor Naomi Fukumori Professor Shelley Fenno Quinn Copyright by Masako Inamoto 2010 Abstract Kita Morio (1927-), also known as his literary persona Dokutoru Manbô, is one of the most popular and prolific postwar writers in Japan. He is also one of the few Japanese writers who have simultaneously and successfully produced humorous, comical fiction and essays as well as serious literary works. He has worked in a variety of genres. For example, The House of Nire (Nireke no hitobito), his most prominent work, is a long family saga informed by history and Dr. Manbô at Sea (Dokutoru Manbô kôkaiki) is a humorous travelogue. He has also produced in other genres such as children‟s stories and science fiction. This study provides an introduction to Kita Morio‟s fiction and essays, in particular, his versatile writing styles. Also, through the examination of Kita‟s representative works in each genre, the study examines some overarching traits in his writing. For this reason, I have approached his large body of works by according a chapter to each genre. Chapter one provides a biographical overview of Kita Morio‟s life up to the present. The chapter also gives a brief biographical sketch of Kita‟s father, Saitô Mokichi (1882-1953), who is one of the most prominent tanka poets in modern times. -
Old Cyrillic in Unicode*
Old Cyrillic in Unicode* Ivan A Derzhanski Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences [email protected] The current version of the Unicode Standard acknowledges the existence of a pre- modern version of the Cyrillic script, but its support thereof is limited to assigning code points to several obsolete letters. Meanwhile mediæval Cyrillic manuscripts and some early printed books feature a plethora of letter shapes, ligatures, diacritic and punctuation marks that want proper representation. (In addition, contemporary editions of mediæval texts employ a variety of annotation signs.) As generally with scripts that predate printing, an obvious problem is the abundance of functional, chronological, regional and decorative variant shapes, the precise details of whose distribution are often unknown. The present contents of the block will need to be interpreted with Old Cyrillic in mind, and decisions to be made as to which remaining characters should be implemented via Unicode’s mechanism of variation selection, as ligatures in the typeface, or as code points in the Private space or the standard Cyrillic block. I discuss the initial stage of this work. The Unicode Standard (Unicode 4.0.1) makes a controversial statement: The historical form of the Cyrillic alphabet is treated as a font style variation of modern Cyrillic because the historical forms are relatively close to the modern appearance, and because some of them are still in modern use in languages other than Russian (for example, U+0406 “I” CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER I is used in modern Ukrainian and Byelorussian). Some of the letters in this range were used in modern typefaces in Russian and Bulgarian. -
ABSTRACT Orthographic Reform and Language Planning in Russian
ABSTRACT Orthographic Reform and Language Planning in Russian History Sylvia Conatser Segura Director: Adrienne Harris, Ph.D. An oft-neglected topic of book history and culture, both in histories of writing development and in cultural histories of Russia and Eastern Europe, is the rich history of orthographic reform and language planning in Russian and Slavic history. Even more neglected are the cultural, religious, and political drivers of language planning and the relationship of identity to writing systems. This thesis aims to correct this oversight by synthesizing histories on the development of written Russian until its codification by Peter the Great in the early 18th century as well as the language reforms accomplished under the Bolsheviks in the 20th century. It will present analysis on motivations for these two periods of language reform as well as impulses behind resistance thereof; the resulting evidence will demonstrate the close ties of political and cultural, particularly religious, identity to the use of written systems as illustrated by the relationship of Eastern Orthodoxy to the Cyrillic alphabet. APPROVED BY DIRECTOR OF HONORS THESIS _________________________________________ Dr. Adrienne Harris, Department of Modern Languages and Culture APPROVED BY THE HONORS PROGRAM ___________________________________ Dr. Elizabeth Corey, Director DATE: ____________________ ii ORTHOGRAPHIC REFORM AND LANGUAGE PLANNING IN RUSSIAN HISTORY A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Baylor University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Honors Program By Sylvia Conatser Segura Waco, Texas May 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements . iii. Introduction . 1 Chapter One: Peter I and the Rise of Russian Print Culture . 7 Chapter Two: The 20th Century and the Maturation of a Writing System . -
Postwar Changes in the Japanese Civil Code
Washington Law Review Volume 25 Number 3 8-1-1950 Postwar Changes in the Japanese Civil Code Kurt Steiner Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.uw.edu/wlr Part of the Comparative and Foreign Law Commons Recommended Citation Kurt Steiner, Far Eastern Section, Postwar Changes in the Japanese Civil Code, 25 Wash. L. Rev. & St. B.J. 286 (1950). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.uw.edu/wlr/vol25/iss3/7 This Far Eastern Section is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews and Journals at UW Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington Law Review by an authorized editor of UW Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FAR EASTERN SECTION POSTWAR CHANGES IN THE JAPANESE CIVIL CODE KURT STEINER* I. HiSTORICAL OBSERVATIONS T HE FMST great wave of foreign culture to reach Japan came from China by way of Korea. This period, which was landmarked by the comng of priests to Japan, resulted in the creation of a new moral structure, which even today forms an integral part of Japanese social ethics. In the legal field it is characterized by the adoption of the Taiho Code of 701 A.D., an event of first magnitude in Japanese legal history With it Japan entered the family of Chinese law where it was destined to remain for more than 1,000 years.' The Taiho Code did not draw a clear line of demarkation between morality and law or between private law and public law Its aim was not to regulate private intercourse between individuals delineating their respective rights, but to preserve moral order and harmony in human relations. -
Geography of Japan
Family (The Emperor’s Family) Ie (family) system • The Civil Code of Meiji, 1898 Ie (family) consists of the head of the household and other members who live in the same house, and registered in one registry (Koseki) • This system was abolished in the new constitution in 1947. The Traditional Family • Head of the household is the unquestioned boss • The wishes and desires of individual family members must be subordinated to the collective interest of family • The eldest son is the heir both to the family fortunes and to the responsibility of family (primogeniture) • Marriages often arranged by parents • Several generations of family members live together Responsibilities of the Head of the Household • Economic welfare of the family, duty to support the family • Administration of family property • Welfare of deceased ancestors, conducting proper ceremonies in their honor • Overseeing conduct and behavior of family members Joining the Family • By birth • By marriage • Adoption The Contemporary Family • Nuclear Family • Marriage: Miai & Ren-ai marriages • Husband and Wife Relationships • Divorce • Old Age Koseki: Family Registration System • Today’s koseki system: only two generations of family, husband and wife and children who share the same family name. • Jūminhyō: residence card • Ie (Kazoku) seido : institutionalized family system • 1898 Civil code • 1947 New Civil Code: Family system and the right of primogeniture were abolished. Equal rights for men and women Changing Status of Women The first female governor of Tokyo since August 2016. Japanese Women in the Modern History • 1868 Meiji Restoration • 1872 The Fundamental Code of Education requires four years of compulsory education for both boys and girls. -
Seize the Ъ: Linguistic and Social Change in Russian Orthographic Reform Eugenia Sokolskaya
Seize the Ъ: Linguistic and Social Change in Russian Orthographic Reform Eugenia Sokolskaya It would be convenient for linguists and language students if the written form of any language were a neutral and direct representation of the sounds emitted during speech. Instead, writing systems tend to lag behind linguistic change, retaining old spellings or morphological features instead of faithfully representing a language's phonetics. For better or worse, sometimes the writing can even cause a feedback loop, causing speakers to hypercorrect in imitation of an archaic spelling. The written and spoken forms of a language exist in a complex and fluid relationship, influenced to a large extent by history, accident, misconception, and even politics.1 While in many language communities these two forms – if writing exists – are allowed to develop and influence each other in relative freedom, with some informal commentary, in some cases a willful political leader or group may step in to attempt to intentionally reform the writing system. Such reforms are a risky venture, liable to anger proponents of historic accuracy and adherence to tradition, as well as to render most if not all of the population temporarily illiterate. With such high stakes, it is no wonder that orthographic reforms are not often attempted in the course of a language's history. The Russian language has undergone two sharply defined orthographic reforms, formulated as official government policy. The first, which we will from here on call the Petrine reform, was initiated in 1710 by Peter the Great. It defined a print alphabet for secular use, distancing the writing from the Church with its South Slavic lithurgical language. -
1 Symbols (2286)
1 Symbols (2286) USV Symbol Macro(s) Description 0009 \textHT <control> 000A \textLF <control> 000D \textCR <control> 0022 ” \textquotedbl QUOTATION MARK 0023 # \texthash NUMBER SIGN \textnumbersign 0024 $ \textdollar DOLLAR SIGN 0025 % \textpercent PERCENT SIGN 0026 & \textampersand AMPERSAND 0027 ’ \textquotesingle APOSTROPHE 0028 ( \textparenleft LEFT PARENTHESIS 0029 ) \textparenright RIGHT PARENTHESIS 002A * \textasteriskcentered ASTERISK 002B + \textMVPlus PLUS SIGN 002C , \textMVComma COMMA 002D - \textMVMinus HYPHEN-MINUS 002E . \textMVPeriod FULL STOP 002F / \textMVDivision SOLIDUS 0030 0 \textMVZero DIGIT ZERO 0031 1 \textMVOne DIGIT ONE 0032 2 \textMVTwo DIGIT TWO 0033 3 \textMVThree DIGIT THREE 0034 4 \textMVFour DIGIT FOUR 0035 5 \textMVFive DIGIT FIVE 0036 6 \textMVSix DIGIT SIX 0037 7 \textMVSeven DIGIT SEVEN 0038 8 \textMVEight DIGIT EIGHT 0039 9 \textMVNine DIGIT NINE 003C < \textless LESS-THAN SIGN 003D = \textequals EQUALS SIGN 003E > \textgreater GREATER-THAN SIGN 0040 @ \textMVAt COMMERCIAL AT 005C \ \textbackslash REVERSE SOLIDUS 005E ^ \textasciicircum CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT 005F _ \textunderscore LOW LINE 0060 ‘ \textasciigrave GRAVE ACCENT 0067 g \textg LATIN SMALL LETTER G 007B { \textbraceleft LEFT CURLY BRACKET 007C | \textbar VERTICAL LINE 007D } \textbraceright RIGHT CURLY BRACKET 007E ~ \textasciitilde TILDE 00A0 \nobreakspace NO-BREAK SPACE 00A1 ¡ \textexclamdown INVERTED EXCLAMATION MARK 00A2 ¢ \textcent CENT SIGN 00A3 £ \textsterling POUND SIGN 00A4 ¤ \textcurrency CURRENCY SIGN 00A5 ¥ \textyen YEN SIGN 00A6 -
Islamic Law and Social Change
ISLAMIC LAW AND SOCIAL CHANGE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION AND CODIFICATION OF ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW IN THE NATION-STATES EGYPT AND INDONESIA (1950-1995) Dissertation zur Erlangung der Würde des Doktors der Philosophie der Universität Hamburg vorgelegt von Joko Mirwan Muslimin aus Bojonegoro (Indonesien) Hamburg 2005 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Rainer Carle 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Olaf Schumann Datum der Disputation: 2. Februar 2005 ii TABLE OF RESEARCH CONTENTS Title Islamic Law and Social Change: A Comparative Study of the Institutionalization and Codification of Islamic Family Law in the Nation-States Egypt and Indonesia (1950-1995) Introduction Concepts, Outline and Background (3) Chapter I Islam in the Egyptian Social Context A. State and Islamic Political Activism: Before and After Independence (p. 49) B. Social Challenge, Public Discourse and Islamic Intellectualism (p. 58) C. The History of Islamic Law in Egypt (p. 75) D. The Politics of Law in Egypt (p. 82) Chapter II Islam in the Indonesian Social Context A. Towards Islamization: Process of Syncretism and Acculturation (p. 97) B. The Roots of Modern Islamic Thought (p. 102) C. State and Islamic Political Activism: the Formation of the National Ideology (p. 110) D. The History of Islamic Law in Indonesia (p. 123) E. The Politics of Law in Indonesia (p. 126) Comparative Analysis on Islam in the Egyptian and Indonesian Social Context: Differences and Similarities (p. 132) iii Chapter III Institutionalization of Islamic Family Law: Egyptian Civil Court and Indonesian Islamic Court A. The History and Development of Egyptian Civil Court (p. 151) B. Basic Principles and Operational System of Egyptian Civil Court (p. -
Kampen MAO ZEDONG, ZHOU ENLAI and the CHINESE COMMUNIST
Kampen MAO ZEDONG, ZHOU ENLAI AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE CHINESE COMMUNIST LEADERSHIP MAO ZEDONG, ZHOU ENLAI Thomas Kampen MAO ZEDONG, ZHOU ENLAI AND THE CHINESE COMMUNIST LEADERSHIP NIAS AND THE EVOLUTION OF This book analyses the power struggles within the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party between 1931, when several Party leaders left Shanghai and entered the Jiangxi Soviet, and 1945, by which time Mao Zedong, Liu THE CHINESE COMMUNIST Shaoqi and Zhou Enlai had emerged as senior CCP leaders. In 1949 they established the People's Republic of China and ruled it for several decades. LEADERSHIP Based on new Chinese sources, the study challenges long-established views that Mao Zedong became CCP leader during the Long March (1934–35) and that by 1935 the CCP was independent of the Comintern in Moscow. The result is a critique not only of official Chinese historiography but also of Western (especially US) scholarship that all future histories of the CCP and power struggles in the PRC will need to take into account. “Meticulously researched history and a powerful critique of a myth that has remained central to Western and Chinese scholarship for decades. Kampen’s study of the so-called 28 Bolsheviks makes compulsory reading for anyone Thomas Kampen trying to understand Mao’s (and Zhou Enlai’s!) rise to power. A superb example of the kind of revisionist writing that today's new sources make possible, and reminder never to take anything for granted as far as our ‘common knowledge’ about the history of the Chinese Communist Party is concerned.” – Michael Schoenhals, Director, Centre for East and Southeast Asian Studies, Lund University, Sweden “Thomas Kampen has produced a work of exceptional research which, through the skillful use of recently available Chinese sources, questions the accepted wisdom about the history of the leadership of the CCP. -
US-CHINA REVIEW Winter 2017 Vol
US-CHINA REVIEW Winter 2017 Vol. XLI, No.1 ® • AMERICA’S INFLUENCE ON SUN YAT-SEN • SUN YAT-SEN’S ECONOMIC POLICIES • INNER MONGOLIAN GHOST TOWN • TEACHING TEACHERS IN RURAL CHINA • ANHUI: RETURNING HOME • RURAL CO-OPS: AN UPDATE • UNDERSTANDING CHINA’S 5-YEAR PLANS Letter from the President US-China Peoples Friendship Association Office of the National President ® 105 Treva Road, Sandston, VA 23150 804-310-6388 mobile - [email protected] [email protected] 2017 is Year of the Rooster Dear Friends of China, Greetings to each of you! I must write to you about an issue that is near and dear to my heart, and should be at the top of the agenda for every chapter in the new year 2017. Our membership numbers need a big boost! Send out several communications about USCPFA in 2017 and make your chapter more visible. I suggest that your chapter have a USCPFA party with delicious Chinese food, share Chinese cultural activities and have a great topic for discussion to which you invite your friends, college students and persons from all walks of life. Most people don’t even realize how fascinating learning about China can be! You are the visionary in getting the word out that learning about China is really fun, and actually, important to every American. Find a topic about China to pique their curiosity. Look at previous articles in the USCRs to give you ideas for discussions and activities. Every chapter is unique and has its own strengths. If you can involve young people, you and they will be inspired to learn what the Chinese people have done in the past, what they currently face and how they are planning for the future.