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Analisis Tokoh Utama Amba Dalam Novel Amba Karya Laksmi Pamuntjak Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pembelajaran Sastra Di Sma

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Analisis Tokoh Utama Amba Dalam Novel Amba Karya Laksmi Pamuntjak Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pembelajaran Sastra Di Sma ANALISIS TOKOH UTAMA AMBA DALAM NOVEL AMBA KARYA LAKSMI PAMUNTJAK DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN SASTRA DI SMA Skripsi Diajukan kepada Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan untuk Memenuhi Syarat Mencapai Gelar Sarjana Pendidikan (S.Pd.) Oleh: Reny Rachmawati 109013000086 JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA FAKULTAS ILMU TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2014 ABSTRAK Reny Rachmawati. NIM: 109013000086. “Analisis Tokoh Utama Amba dalam Novel Amba karya Laksmi Pamuntjak dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pembelajaran Sastra di SMA”. Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan. Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Pembimbing: Novi Diah Haryanti, M.Hum Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tokoh Amba dalam novel Amba karya Laksmi Pamuntjak, dan implikasi novel Amba pada pembelajaran Sastra Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan analisisnya berbentuk deskripsi, tidak berupa angka-angka. Metode analisis ini digunakan untuk menelaah tokoh utama Amba dalam novel Amba karya Laksmi Pamuntjak. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pembacaan dan penyimakan novel Amba karya Laksmi Pamuntjak secara cermat, terarah, dan teliti. Pada saat melakukan pembacaan tersebut, penulis mencatat data-data masalah yang terkait dengan tokoh Amba, dan mencatat kutipan-kutipan yang menggambarkan tentang karakter tokoh. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tampak penulis menggunakan teknik pelukisan tokoh secara tidak langsung untuk menganalisis tokoh Amba. Dalam teknik ini diuraikan menjadi delapan teknik, di antaranya teknik cakapan, tingkah laku, pikiran dan perasaan, arus kesadaran, reaksi tokoh, reaksi tokoh lain, pelukisan latar, dan teknik pelukisan fisik. Melalui teknik ini ditemukan sifat Amba keras kepala, berkemauan keras, netral dalam berpolitik, acuh, dan tidak putus asa. Beberapa sifat Amba ini dapat diimplikasikan terhadap pembelajaran Sastra di SMA. Dalam pembelajaran ini, kompetensi yang harus dicapai peserta didik ialah menganalisis teks novel baik secara lisan maupun tulisan, dengan menjelaskan unsur-unsur intrinsik dalam novel serta menemukan karakter tokoh yang positif ataupun negatif yang terkandung dalam novel. Selain itu, peristiwa yang terjadi di Indonesia tahun 1965 dijadikan klimaks latar novel Amba. Akibat pemberontakan yang terjadi tahun 1965 juga berimbas kepada tokoh utama dalam novel. Cerita di Pulau Buru dan Jawa juga menjadi latar dalam novel ini. Kata Kunci: tokoh dan penokohan, novel Amba, Laksmi Pamuntjak i ABSTRACK Reny Rachmawati . NIM : 109013000086 . “Analysis of Amba as a Main Figures in Amba Novel by Laksmi Pamuntjak works and Implications for Learning in High School”. Education majors Indonesian Language and Literature, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teaching. State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Advisor: Diah Novi Haryanti, M.Hum This study aims to analyze the characters Amba in the novel Amba by Laksmi Pamuntjak works, and the implications of the novel Amba in learning Indonesian language and literature. This study used a qualitative descriptive method, the analysis shaped the description, not the form of numbers. This analysis method is used to examine the main character in Amba novel Pamuntjak Laksmi works. Data collection techniques in this study using libraries, data recording, and analysis. Based on the analysis looks writers used the technique of painting figures indirectly to analyze figures Amba. In this technique elaborated into eight techniques, including techniques conversations, behaviors, thoughts and feelings, stream of consciousness, character reactions, reactions of other characters, background painting, painting techniques and physical. Through this technique found the nature of Amba stubborn strong-willed, neutral in politics, indifferent, and do not despair. Some of these properties can be implied Amba towards learning Indonesian language and literature at school. In this study, competency to be achieved is to learners analyze a novel text both orally and in writing, to explain the intrinsic elements in the novel and find a positive character or a negative figure contained in the novel. Additionally, events that occurred in Indonesia in 1965 used a novel background Amba climax. As a result of the uprising in 1965 also affected the main character in the novel. Story on Buru Island and Java also be in the background of this novel. Keywords : character and characterization, Amba novel, Laksmi Pamuntjak ii KATA PENGANTAR Segala puji hanya bagi Allah swt yang telah memberikan rahmat, karunia, syafaat, dan kasih sayang-Nya, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi yang berjudul “Analisis Tokoh Utama Amba dalam Novel Amba karya Laksmi Pamuntjak dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia di SMA”. Selawat serta salam tidak lupa penulis ucapkan kepada junjungan Nabi Muhammad saw yang telah mengeluarkan kita dari zaman jahiliyah. Skripsi ini penulis susun sebagai salah satu syarat untuk mendapatkan gelar sarjana pendidikan pada Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan. Dalam penulisan skripsi ini, awalnya penulis dihinggapi kebimbangan, kurang percaya diri, dan pesimis dalam menganalisis novel ini. Namun, berkat dukungan dan doa dari berbagai pihak akhirnya skripsi ini dapat terselesaikan. Oleh karena itu, penulis menyampaikan rasa terima kasih kepada: 1. Nurlena Rifa’i, M.A, Ph.D. selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 2. Dra. Mahmudah Fitriyah Z.A., M.Pd. selaku Ketua Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia dan juga Penasihat Akademik yang selalu mengerti akan keadaan mahasiswanya, serta memberikan motivasi dan doa. 3. Novi Diah Haryanti, M.Hum. selaku Dosen Pembimbing skripsi dengan tulus ikhlas, sabar, meluangkan waktu, tenaga, dan pikiran untuk memberikan bimbingan serta pengarahan kepada penulis dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 4. Bapak dan Ibu Dosen Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu-persatu, terima kasih penulis ucapkan, karena telah membekali penulis dengan berbagai ilmu yang bermanfaat. iii 5. Keluarga penulis, Ayahanda tercinta Abdul Mungid dan Ibunda tersayang Misronah yang selalu memberikan dukungan dan doa terbaiknya. Adik-adik yang terbaik, Dita Nurul Khusna dan Muhammad Rifqi Afandi. 7. Boby Aji Pamungkas yang selalu memberi semangat serta membantu penulis mencari bahan dan juga referensi dalam penulisan skripsi. 8. Jena Riawati, Iis Apriyanti, dan Siti Mutmainah sahabat yang tidak lelah memberikan motivasinya. 9. Noerwas Pritianto, Prihatina Setiawan yang memberikan doa dan semangat kepada penulis. 10. Siti Humaeroh Milladiyah teman dalam mengerjakan skripsi yang selalu berusaha bersama penulis. 11. Teman-teman Lenjee; Agnis, Dinda, Suci, dan Sasya yang selalu memberikan semangat dan membantu penulis dalam skripsi, serta teman- teman PBSI angkatan 2009 khususnya kelas C yang memberikan semangat suka duka, canda tawa, dan kenangan indah selama ini. 12. Teman-teman PPKT SMPN 2 Ciputat. 13. Keluarga di Kediri dan Pekalongan, Paklik, Bulik dan saudara lainnya. Uda Is dan Bang Tyo yang setia melayani dalam fotokopi dan juga memberikan motivasi kepada penulis. Urutan nama di atas bukanlah merupakan peringkat prioritas. Penulis menyadari masih banyak kekurangan dalam skripsi ini, karena itu penulis mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang membangun dalam penelitian ini. Semoga penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk penulis dan untuk yang memerlukannya. Jakarta, 5 Mei 2014 Penulis iv DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL LEMBAR PENGESAHAN PEMBIMBING LEMBAR PENGESAHAN UJIAN MUNAQASAH LEMBAR PERNYATAAN KARYA SENDIRI ABSTRAK .................................................................................................i ABSTRACT.............................................................................................. ii KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................ iii DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................v BAB I PENDAHULUAN .............................................................. 1 A. Latar Belakang Masalah................................................. 1 B. Identifikasi Masalah ....................................................... 6 C. Batasan Masalah………………………………............ 6 D. Rumusan Masalah .......................................................... 7 E. Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................... 7 F. Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................... 7 G. Metodologi Penelitian .................................................... 7 BAB II KAJIAN TEORI ................................................................. 10 A. Hakikat Novel ................................................................ 10 1. Pengertian Novel ..................................................... 10 2. Jenis-jenis Novel ...................................................... 12 3. Unsur-unsur novel .................................................... 15 Tema.................... .................................................... 15 Latar. ....................................................................... 16 Tokoh dan Penokohan .................................. ........... 17 Alur...........................................................................19 Sudut Pandang .......................................................
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