Howell Heflin Collection Finding Aid Revised June 2014
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The National Security Council and the Iran-Contra Affair
THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL AND THE IRAN- CONTRA AFFAIR Congressman Ed Jenkins* and Robert H. Brink** I. INTRODUCTION Early in November of 1986, newspapers in the United States carried the first reports that the United States government, in an effort to gain release of United States citizens held hostage by terrorists in Lebanon, had engaged in a covert policy of supplying arms to elements within Iran.' Later in that month, following a preliminary inquiry into the matter, it was revealed that some of the funds generated from those arms sales had been diverted to support the "Contra" 2 forces fighting the Sandinista government in Nicaragua. The events giving rise to these disclosures became known collectively as the "Iran-Contra Affair." Both elements of the affair raised serious questions regarding the formulation and conduct of our nation's foreign policy. In regard to the Iranian phase of the affair, the Regan administration's rhetoric had placed the administration firmly in op- position to any dealings with nations supporting terrorism, and with Iran in particular.' In addition, the United States had made significant * Member, United States House of Representatives, Ninth District of Georgia. LL.B., University of Georgia Law School, 1959. In 1987, Congressman Jenkins served as a member of the House Select Committee to Investigate Covert Arms Transactions with Iran. ** Professional Staff Member, Committee on Government Operations, United States House of Representatives. J.D., Marshall-Wythe School of Law, College of William and Mary, 1978. In 1987, Mr. Brink served as a member of the associate staff of the House Select Committee to Investigate Covert Arms Transactions with Iran. -
Presidential Files; Folder: 9/25/78 [2]; Container 92
9/25/78 [2] Folder Citation: Collection: Office of Staff Secretary; Series: Presidential Files; Folder: 9/25/78 [2]; Container 92 To See Complete Finding Aid: http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/library/findingaids/Staff_Secretary.pdf WITHDRAWAL SHEET (PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES) FORM OF CORRESPONDENTS OR TiTLE DAliE RESTRICTION DOCUMENT Memo Harold Brown to Pres. Carter, w/attachments 4 pp., ·r!=!:Defense Summary 9/22/78 A , ' Cabinet Summari. s Andrew Ypung to Pres. Carter~ 1 pg., re:UN activities 9/15/78 9/22/78 A Capinet' Summa:ri s Cal.ifq:no . to Pres. Carter, 3 pp. , re: Personnel "changes 9/22/7.$ c .:~ 0 '· i ~"d. 'I ".'' ' a ~~~·.0 .:t'' '~ ,, 11 , .. "~ •) •· ·~· ',,• \:l,. ,j; ~··~-·< ·-·... • 1 ' .} "I. " 1~ •: , dJ~ ·, '0 ·., " ~ ~r-~ 1\ ~ '·;P. , .. " . ,, ~ 1 , .. ··~ ·:. •·,· '"" <':'• :..·) .,0 / ~ ;w . • '' .• ~ U',• "·',, If' ~' • ·~ ~ ~· • ~ c , " ill" : " ,·, "''t> ''., ' : "."" ~:~~.,,~ . .. r " ·i ' '· ·: ., .~.~ ' 1. ~. ' , .. ;, ~, (• '• ·f." J '',j> '~~'!, ~' -o," :~ ~ ~ e' . " ' ~ ,· J ', I I. FIWE LOCATION Carter Presidenti,al Pap.ers-Staff Offices, Office .of Staff Sec. -Presidenti?l HandwritiRg File, 9/25/78 [2] Box-103 R.ESTRICTtiON CODES (AI Closed by Executive Order 1235S'governing access to national security information. (6) .Closed by statute or by the agency Which originated tine document. (C) Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in the donor's deed of gif,t. ~. NATIONAL ARCHIV.S AND RECORDS AOMINISTRA TION. NA FORM 1429 (6-8,5) ' . THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON 9/25/78 Tim Kraft The attached was returned in the President's outbox: It is forwarded to you for appropriate han<D:ing. Rick Hutcheson cc: Frank Moore THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON 9/25/78 rick-~- although pr.esident is sending note to tim ... -
Alabama” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R
The original documents are located in Box 46, folder “4/3/76 - Alabama” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Ron Nessen donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 46 of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library I THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON THE PRESIDENT'S BRIEFING BOOK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ************************* ALABAMA MAY 3, 1976 ************************* ALABAMA State Profile Alabama is called the "Yellowhanuner state because of its state bird, the "Cotton state" because of its chief agricultural product and the "Heart of Dixie" because of its location. The total area of Alabama is 51,609 square miles, of which 549 square miles are inland water surface. It is the 29th state of the union is size. The state capital is Montgomery and the state entered the union on December 14, 1819, as the 22nd state. The southern pine has been adopted as the state's official tree and the camellia as the official flower. -
Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul Faculdade De Ciências Econômicas Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Estudos Estratégicos Internacionais
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS ECONÔMICAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ESTUDOS ESTRATÉGICOS INTERNACIONAIS LAURA DE CASTRO QUAGLIA NATIONAL SECURITY INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE: The case of the US National Security Council (2001-2015) Porto Alegre 2016 LAURA DE CASTRO QUAGLIA NATIONAL SECURITY INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE: The case of the US National Security Council (2001-2015) Dissertação submetida ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Estudos Estratégicos Internacionais da Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas da UFRGS, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Mestre em Estudos Estratégicos Internacionais. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Marco Cepik Porto Alegre 2016 LAURA DE CASTRO QUAGLIA NATIONAL SECURITY INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE: The case of the US National Security Council (2001-2015) Dissertação submetida ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Estudos Estratégicos Internacionais da Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas da UFRGS, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Mestre em Estudos Estratégicos Internacionais. Aprovada em: Porto Alegre, 21 de dezembro de 2016. BANCA EXAMINADORA: Prof. Dr. Marco Cepik – Orientador PPGEEI - UFRGS Prof. Dr. Carlos Schmidt Arturi PPGCPol - UFRGS Profa. Dra. Sonia Maria Ranincheski PPGEEI - UFRGS Prof. Dr. Érico Esteves Duarte PPGEEI - UFRGS Para Mafa AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço à Republica Federativa do Brasil e à Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, que através do seu corpo docente me proporcionou uma educação superior gratuita e de qualidade. Em especial agradeço ao meu orientador, Professor Dr. Marco Cepik, pela oportunidade de convívio cotidiano que me proporcionou ensinamentos que vão muito além da academia. Agradeço aos colegas e amigos da UFRGS por propiciarem um ambiente acadêmico elevado durante a minha formação, e momentos descontraídos quando necessário. -
BOB DOLE Unf Ej States Senate BD: Bj
This document is from the collections at the Dole Archives, University of Kansas. http://dolearchives.ku.edu ecember 3, 1970 rs. Christine Stevens, Secretary Society for Animal Protection Legislation P. 0. Box 3719 Washington, D. C. 20007 Dear rs. Stevens: C rtainly thank you for sending me a copy of your Newsletter regarding the Animal Welfare Act of 1970. Very ch appreciate your co ents, and hopefully, we will be successful in expediting passage of this important legislation. In the meanti , if there is any way I may b of assistance, let me know. Sincerely yours, BOB DOLE Unf eJ States Senate BD: bj Page 1 of 6 This document is from the collections at the Dole Archives, University of Kansas. http://dolearchives.ku.edu · Witittb ~tatts ~tnatt MEMORANDUM Senator Dole---- FYI Mrs. Stevens called last week and I sent your statement. Hyde says she is one of the prime boosters of this bill. She is also the wife of Roger Stevens, who Gyde says runs the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. tag Page 2 of 6 This document is from the collections at the Dole Archives, University of Kansas. SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PROTECTIVE LEGISLATION http://dolearchives.ku.edu P. 0. Box 3719 Georgetown Station Washington, D. C. 20007 November 30, 1970 Mr. William Taggart Office of Senator Robert Dole Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. Taggart, Thanks for sending me the Senator's remarks when he introduced the Animal Welfare Act of 1970. I appreciate your getting this off to me in New York. This made it possible to quote Senator Dole in the enclosed circular letter which we have sent out to interested persons throughout the country. -
National Security Reform: Problems, Progress, and Prospects
STRATEGIC STUDIES INSTITUTE The Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) is part of the U.S. Army War College and is the strategic level study agent for issues related to national security and military strategy with emphasis on geostrate- gic analysis. The mission of SSI is to use independent analysis to conduct strategic studies that develop policy recommendations on: • Strategy, planning and policy for joint and combined employment of military forces; • Regional strategic appraisals; • The nature of land warfare; • Matters affecting the Army’s future; • The concepts, philosophy, and theory of strategy; and • Other issues of importance to the leadership of the Army. Studies produced by civilian and military analysts concern topics having strategic implications for the Army, the Department of De- fense, and the larger national security community. In addition to its studies, SSI publishes special reports on topics of special or immediate interest. These include edited proceedings of conferences and topically-oriented roundtables, expanded trip re- ports, and quick reaction responses to senior Army leaders. The Institute provides a valuable analytical capability within the Army to address strategic and other issues in support of Army par- ticipation in national security policy formulation. RETHINKING LEADERSHIP AND “WHOLE OF GOVERNMENT” NATIONAL SECURITY REFORM: PROBLEMS, PROGRESS, AND PROSPECTS Joseph R. Cerami Jeffrey A. Engel Editors May 2010 Visit our website for other free publication downloads http://www.StrategicStudiesInstitute.army.mil/ To rate this publication click here. The views expressed in this report are those of the au- thors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, the De- partment of Defense, or the U.S. -
Who Watches the Watchmen? the Conflict Between National Security and Freedom of the Press
WHO WATCHES THE WATCHMEN WATCHES WHO WHO WATCHES THE WATCHMEN WATCHES WHO I see powerful echoes of what I personally experienced as Director of NSA and CIA. I only wish I had access to this fully developed intellectual framework and the courses of action it suggests while still in government. —General Michael V. Hayden (retired) Former Director of the CIA Director of the NSA e problem of secrecy is double edged and places key institutions and values of our democracy into collision. On the one hand, our country operates under a broad consensus that secrecy is antithetical to democratic rule and can encourage a variety of political deformations. But the obvious pitfalls are not the end of the story. A long list of abuses notwithstanding, secrecy, like openness, remains an essential prerequisite of self-governance. Ross’s study is a welcome and timely addition to the small body of literature examining this important subject. —Gabriel Schoenfeld Senior Fellow, Hudson Institute Author of Necessary Secrets: National Security, the Media, and the Rule of Law (W.W. Norton, May 2010). ? ? The topic of unauthorized disclosures continues to receive significant attention at the highest levels of government. In his book, Mr. Ross does an excellent job identifying the categories of harm to the intelligence community associated NI PRESS ROSS GARY with these disclosures. A detailed framework for addressing the issue is also proposed. This book is a must read for those concerned about the implications of unauthorized disclosures to U.S. national security. —William A. Parquette Foreign Denial and Deception Committee National Intelligence Council Gary Ross has pulled together in this splendid book all the raw material needed to spark a fresh discussion between the government and the media on how to function under our unique system of government in this ever-evolving information-rich environment. -
19-04-HR Haldeman Political File
Richard Nixon Presidential Library Contested Materials Collection Folder List Box Number Folder Number Document Date No Date Subject Document Type Document Description 19 4 Campaign Other Document From: Harry S. Dent RE: Profiles on each state regarding the primary results for elections. 71 pgs. Monday, March 21, 2011 Page 1 of 1 - Democratic Primary - May 5 111E Y~'ilIIE HUUSE GOP Convention - July 17 Primary Results -- --~ -~ ------- NAME party anncd fiJ cd bi.lc!<ground GOVERNORIS RACE George Wallace D 2/26 x beat inc Albert Brewer in runoff former Gov.; 68 PRES cando A. C. Shelton IND 6/6 former St. Sen. Dr. Peter Ca:;;hin NDPA endorsed by the Negro Democratic party in Aiabama NO SENATE RACE CONGRESSIONAL 1st - Jack Edwards INC R x x B. H. Mathis D x x 2nd - B ill Dickenson INC R x x A Ibert Winfield D x x 3rd -G eorge Andrews INC D x x 4th - Bi11 Nichols INC D x x . G len Andrews R 5th -W alter Flowers INC D x x 6th - John Buchanan INC R x x Jack Schmarkey D x x defeated T ito Howard in primary 7th - To m Bevill INC D x x defeated M rs. Frank Stewart in prim 8th - Bob Jones INC D x x ALASKA Filing Date - June 1 Primary - August 25 Primary Re sults NAME party anned filed bacl,ground GOVERNOR1S RACE Keith Miller INC R 4/22 appt to fill Hickel term William Egan D former . Governor SENATE RACE Theodore Stevens INC R 3/21 appt to fill Bartlett term St. -
H. Doc. 108-222
NINETY-THIRD CONGRESS JANUARY 3, 1973, TO JANUARY 3, 1975 FIRST SESSION—January 3, 1973, to December 22, 1973 SECOND SESSION—January 21, 1974, 1 to December 20, 1974 VICE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES—SPIRO T. AGNEW, 2 of Maryland; GERALD R. FORD, 3 of Michigan; NELSON A. ROCKEFELLER, 4 of New York PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE OF THE SENATE—JAMES O. EASTLAND, of Mississippi SECRETARY OF THE SENATE—FRANCIS R. VALEO, of the District of Columbia SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE SENATE—WILLIAM H. WANNALL, of Maryland SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES—CARL ALBERT, 5 of Oklahoma CLERK OF THE HOUSE—W. PAT JENNINGS, 5 of Virginia SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE HOUSE—KENNETH R. HARDING, 5 of Virginia DOORKEEPER OF THE HOUSE—WILLIAM M. MILLER, 6 of Mississippi; JAMES T. MOLLOY, 7 of New York POSTMASTER OF THE HOUSE—ROBERT V. ROTA, 5 of Pennsylvania ALABAMA Barry M. Goldwater, Scottsdale Harold T. Johnson, Roseville SENATORS REPRESENTATIVES John E. Moss, Sacramento John J. Sparkman, Huntsville John J. Rhodes, Mesa Robert L. Leggett, Vallejo James B. Allen, Gadsden Morris K. Udall, Tucson Phillip Burton, San Francisco William S. Mailliard, 10 San Francisco REPRESENTATIVES Sam Steiger, Prescott John B. Conlan, Phoenix John Burton, 11 San Francisco Jack Edwards, Mobile Ronald V. Dellums, Berkeley William L. Dickinson, Montgomery ARKANSAS Fortney H. (Pete) Stark, Danville Bill Nichols, Sylacauga SENATORS Don Edwards, San Jose Tom Bevill, Jasper Charles S. Gubser, 12 Gilroy Robert E. Jones, Scottsboro John L. McClellan, Little Rock J. William Fulbright, 9 Fayetteville Leo J. Ryan, South San Francisco John Buchanan, Birmingham Burt L. -
US POLICY TOWARDS SOUTH AFRICA, C. 1960
U.S. POLICY TOWARDS SOUTH AFRICA, c. 1960- c. 1990 FROM POLITICAL REALISM TO MORAL ENGAGEMENT LUTFULLAH MANGI Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Ph.D School of Oriental and African Studies (University of London) July 1994 b ib l Lo n d o n u m ProQuest Number: 10672875 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672875 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Abstract This is a study of United States' policy towards South Africa between 1976 and 1986, the important period in the history of their relationship. It sets out to explain that there had never been a basic shift in successive U.S. policies towards the Republic. The driving force behind the Ford, Carter and Reagan doctrines towards Southern Africa, with focus on South Africa, had been to secure the U.S. national interests economic and military/strategic. These policies, however, were based on belief of negotiated settlement to achieve majority rule in the region, and were critical of the apartheid system in South Africa. -
H. Doc. 108-222
NINETY-FIFTH CONGRESS JANUARY 3, 1977, TO JANUARY 3, 1979 FIRST SESSION—January 4, 1977, 1 to December 15, 1977 SECOND SESSION—January 19, 1978, 2 to October 15, 1978 VICE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES—NELSON A. ROCKEFELLER, 3 of New York; WALTER F. MONDALE, 4 of Minnesota PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE OF THE SENATE—JAMES O. EASTLAND, 5 of Mississippi DEPUTY PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE OF THE SENATE—HUBERT H. HUMPHREY, 6 of Minnesota SECRETARY OF THE SENATE—FRANCIS R. VALEO, 7 of the District of Columbia; J. STANLEY KIMMITT, 8 of Virginia SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE SENATE—F. NORDY HOFFMANN, of Maryland SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES—THOMAS P. O’NEILL, JR., 9 of Massachusetts CLERK OF THE HOUSE—EDMUND L. HENSHAW, JR., 10 of Virginia SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE HOUSE—KENNETH R. HARDING, 10 of Virginia DOORKEEPER OF THE HOUSE—JAMES T. MOLLOY, 10 of New York POSTMASTER OF THE HOUSE—ROBERT V. ROTA, 10 of Pennsylvania ALABAMA ARIZONA CALIFORNIA SENATORS SENATORS SENATORS John J. Sparkman, Huntsville Barry Goldwater, Scottsdale Alan Cranston, Los Angeles James B. Allen, 11 Gadsden Dennis DeConcini, Tucson S. I. Hayakawa, Mill Valley Maryon Allen, 12 Gadsden REPRESENTATIVES REPRESENTATIVES Donald Stewart, 13 Anniston Harold T. Johnson, Roseville John J. Rhodes, Mesa REPRESENTATIVES Don H. Clausen, Crescent City Morris K. Udall, Tucson Jack Edwards, Mobile John E. Moss, 16 Sacramento Bob Stump, Tolleson Robert L. Leggett, 17 Vallejo William L. Dickinson, Montgomery Eldon D. Rudd, Scottsdale Bill Nichols, Sylacauga John Burton, San Francisco Phillip Burton, San Francisco Tom Bevill, Jasper ARKANSAS Ronnie G. -
Democrats Retain Control of State Fob James Donald Stewart
Tuesday, November 14, 197C '01. 20-No. 11 Jacksonviile (Alabama) State University Democrats retain control of state Fob James Donald Stewart Receives his mandate Breakfast to Senate By DAVID FORD By DAVID FORD Editor Editor Democratic candidates swept the state in last week's What began in the early months of last year as a series general election. Led by gubernatorial candidate Fob of breakfasts with influential people in the state ended last James, the party retained its tight control of the state week in the election of former State Sen. Donald Stewart government. to the U. S. Senate. Although not stiff competition, Republican Guy Hunt Bucking all odds, the 38-year-old legislator of Anniston surprised many observers by garnering 25 percent of the told people at that time he planned on being thenext vote on what could be termed a low-key campaign. senator Alabamians sent to Washington. That prediction Estimates vary, but the figure most often quoted for proved true, though not in the way Stewart originally campaign expenses of Hunt is $500,000. In spite of a small planned. scale rush of media advertising in the waning days of the At the time of his decision, Stewart was attempting to campaign, Hunt spent most of his efforts on personal succeed retiring Sen. John Sparkman. His chief opponent appearances across the state, would probably be GQV.George Wallace. By contrast, Fob James igncredprevious trends instate Former state Supreme Court Chief Justice Howell politics and continued his media blitz following his victory Heflin entered the race. Wallace announced he would not in the DemocraticPartyprirnary.