lvfarch 22, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6669 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS NATIONAL PRAYER BREAKFAST human freedom and the solidarity of man­ many national honors, and I'm sure all of us kind. agree they were highly deserved. I know you Human freedom and solidarity, as a politi­ all want to join with me in expressing our HON.ARLANSTANGELAND cal ideal, leads to democracy, for this is gov­ appreciation to the choir for their outstand­ OF MINNESOTA ernment for the people and by the people; ing performance this morning. David Durenberger, of Min­ Unless the rights of every human being are nesota to give the welcome and statement e Mr. STANGELAND. Mr. Speaker, I protected, the rights of none are secure; as a from the U.S. Senate, and I'd like to also at would like to insert in the CoNGREs­ principle of social peace and social justice, this time, then, recognize Mrs. Durenberger SIONAL RECORD, the transcript Of the solidarity binds labor and capital in a as well. Arlan Stangeland, Co­ norance which undermine the unity of man­ think will be understood by our President Chairman; Representative Charles Whit­ kind; that builds a new city of man on the and by our main speaker today-to open our ley, Co-Chairman; Senator Harold brotherhood of all peoples and of all na­ individual windows of vulnerability, a vul­ Hughes; Secretary General Alejandro tions; that moves toward the future along nerability that comes only with the cogni­ Orfila, Organization of American States; the difficult path of true dialogue, a dia­ zance that the offices that we hold do not Senator David Durenberger; Edwin Meese logue in which all seek to listen and every endow us with omniscience, much as our III, Counsellor to the President; Dr. and human being and every nation are open to constitutents might presume that to be the Mrs. Derq Howlett, Shelton College, New the other, all accept and respect the differ­ case; vulnerability that comes with the ac­ Jersey; Representative Marjorie Holt; ences found in the human condition but knowledgement that to be a good Senator or Governor William Winter of Mississippi; also recognize the things mankind shares in a good President or a good leader of any in­ General John Vessey, Jr., Chairman, Joint common, all pursue the good of humanity, stitution in a society such as ours, one must Chiefs of Staff; Representative William not through conflict, but through coopera­ first be a good father or mother, a good hus­ Gray III; Dr. Billy Graham) tion and consensus. band or wife, and a good neighbor. Senator HARoLD HUGHES, former Senator We will not fulfill this dream overnight, So the value of vulnerability is in reducing from Iowa. We thank you now for the Almighty Father, but help us to begin now, the ego to realistic and manageable propor­ bounty of the earth which you have given to respond with boundless spirit to the out­ tions. And in recognizing, as our President us this morning to eat, and we ask you bless­ cries from the developing nations for a did in his moving example to us two years ing upon it in the name of Jesus Christ, greater and more just share of the riches ago, of the footsteps in the sand, and I Amen. and bounty of nature, to help the inter­ quote his allegory, "During your times of

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. 6670 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1983 don't belong to your church." To which the visiting member of a legislative body of an­ he was a little on the impudent side, a.nd he chaplain responded, "That may be true, other nation. was teasi!lg her a little bit, and he asked her young man, but you do belong to my God." Our international guests are always called after she got home from church what the It is through that sense of belonging that upon to share with us information about sermon was about and she couldn't remem­ in the Senate Prayer Breakfast we have groups similar to ours back in their home ber; and what the scripture was, and she come to appreciate our own vulnerability as countries. We are careful to avoid any spirit couldn't remember that. And he said, well, a means of acknowledging our deep faith in of partisanship by rotating our offices with grandmother, why do you go to church? God, our hopes for ourselves, and our de­ a Democrat president one year and a Re­ And she answered him this way, said, son, pendence on our love for others. publican the next, and our typical Thursday take that basket and go down to the spring As we gather this morning from all cor­ morning meeting begins with the regarding and bring me back some water. So without ners of the world, may the spirit of the Lord of a verse of scripture, followed by a prayer thinking the lad took the basket and he move us to open our individual windows to and a hymn. Our unofficial chaplain then went down to the spring and he dipped it in the strength of His love. That is our greet­ reports on Members or former Members of the water, and of course the water ran ing to you this day. time Mrs. Meese. (Applause.) publican the cext. And typically the speak­ And I think all of our lives are enriched Counsellor MEESE. Mr. President, Mrs. er shares with us information on his person­ by the experience of fellowship in Christ. Reagan, ladies and gentlemen: The Old Tes­ al background, the basis of his professional greetings in the name of Christ from the think maybe I could describe it in this way. Governor WINTER. Will you join me in this House Prayer Breakfast Group, and it oc­ I don't believe I have ever looked at a prayer for our country and its leadership? curred to me that you might be interested Member of Congress, or encountered him in Oh, Lord, we thank Thee for the opportu­ in a few of the details about who we are and the hallway-or here-or in any other place, nity of living in this good land, in these days what we are, and what our meetings consist when I have heard that Member of Con­ of change and challenge. Will You give us of. gress and heard his or her personal testimo­ the courage and the vision to use this time For 40 years now we have had weekly ny at the Prayer Breakfast, that I felt the to make this, our country, a better place, meetings in the House of Members of Con­ same way about that person again. where the success of our joining together gress, in the morning, for a prayer breakfast Those who regularly attend these meet­ ~ill not be measured by individual victories assembly. We have always maintained an at­ ings develop a sense of fellowship that's a but by our common achievements, where mosphere of prayer, meditation, and fellow­ little different from any sense of fellowship compassion will always temper our tri­ ship in Christ. We meet each Thursday that we derive from our other experience. umphs and honor will attend our defeats, morning at eight o'clock. Attendance is lim­ I am reminded of the story about the where integrity will be placed before advan­ ited to Members and former Members of rather ignorant old lady, and she had a tage, and the search for truth will always be Congress, our House Chaplain, and often a grandson who had reached that stage that our ultimate goal, where the most privileged March 22, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6671 of our citizenry will live without dominat­ I want to talk reenlistment, reenlistment The Secretary of Defense and I have ing, and the most deprived will live without in the army of the Lord. I know this talk spent the past few clays on Capitol Hill in­ fear of domination, and where all of us may goes to our forces overseas and to our ships troducing the 1984 defense budget to the have the grace and the understanding that at sea, and all those members of the armed Senate and the House Armed Services Com­ comes from knowing Thee. Amen. services know that the fellow in my job rep­ mittee. About $94 billion of that budget will Representative STANGELAND. I am very resents all the armed services. So, if it suits be used to buy equipment and supplies to be pleased at this time to present to you the you, please substitute Navy, Marine Corps, used by the men and women of the Armed gentleman who will bring our message this Air Force, or Coast Guard, for Army. Forces to defend the nation. The equipment morning. He is General John Vessey, Jr., Does God have an army? Sure he does. includes the entire range of military hard­ Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and The Biblical references to God's army or ware, all the way from what we formerly accompanying him this morning is Mrs. the host of the Lord are so frequent that we called steel helmets, which are no longer Vessey. General Vessey. problems, the nation's problems, 9.Ild our The enlistment qualifications became The Bible has the administrative instruc­ own personal problems. clear when Jesus answered those who criti­ tions, the training instructions, and the op­ The power of God is surel:,• here. It will cized him for enlisting Levi. Jesus said, "I erations orders. And the equipment table is touch us all, and we will surely be helped. did not come to invite the righteous, but to in St. Paul's letter to Ephesus, and it tells Many of you are probably wondering why invite the sinners." us, "We're up against the unseen power that in the world a soldier is standing here Those of you who have been in national controls this dark world, and spiritual behind the podium, and I want you to know service in the military of your own countries agents from every headquarters of evil. that I have pondered that same question a know that there is a great difference be­ Therefore, you must wear the whole armor lot myself in the last few days. We have had tween military life and civilian life. You of God, that you may be able to resist evil in a few soldiers and even some generals who don't work for the Army, the Navy, the Air its day of power, and that even when you have been great orators. In fact, General Force, or the Marine Corps, you serve in it. have fought to a standstill, you may still MacArthur's words in your program is one Once you're in, you're in for all of it. indication of that fact. But most of us are The same is true in God's army. You're in stand your ground. Take your stand then, awful at it. for all of it and the action starts immediate­ with truth as your breastplate, the gospel of I myself have three basic speeches. One is ly. The point is best illustrated by Jesus' peace firmly on your feet, salvation as your on tank maintenance . go bury my father first." But Jesus told quench anything and every burninf: missile Last weekend the seriousness of the task I him, "leave the dead to bury their own the enemy hurls at you." have accepted for today began to weigh dead. You must come away and preach the Now, that equipment has withstood a heavily on me and my thoughts kept turn­ Kingdom of God." 2000-year operational and reliability test ing to some of the truly great speakers I Another man said to him, "I am going to that would dazzle even the General Ac­ had heard at these breakfasts, Archbishop follow you, Lord, but first let me bid fare­ counting Office or the House Armed Serv­ Sheen, Senator Hughes, Congressman Guy well to my people at home." But Jesus told ices Procurement Subcommittee. . Lord Himself. soldiers. She was hit by a tor;Jedo from the 6672 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1983 German submarine U-456 as she neared The gentleman is Joe Gibbs, Coach of the don't think that wanting to go to heaven, Greenland. She began to sink rapidly. Washington Redskins. And just briefly, by but only on our terms, and certainly not There were four U.S. Army chaplains way of explanation, so that you don't think with that other bunch, is quite what God aboard, Alex Goode, a Jewish rabbi; Clark that we might have our priorities a little had in mind. Poling, a Dutch Reformed pastor; George mixed up just because this town is really ex­ The prayer that I sometimes think we Fox, a Methodist minister, and John Wash­ cited and practically on its ear over this don't often use enough, and one that I ington, a Catholic priest. The four had great team and its great coach. learned a few years ago, and only after I bunked together during the trip. When the Something happened in the playoffs that had gotten into the business that I'm in, is torpedo hit they went to the deck together was an inspiration to rr.any cf us. We saw, one of asking forgiveness for the resent­ and worked together. They prayed together after the Dallas game, and again after the ment and the bitterness that we sometimes with the men. They helped rig rafts and Miami game, television cameras in the feel towards someone, whether it's in busi­ passed out life rafts from the stowage box. locker room of the winning team where ness dealings or in government, or whatever When the rafts and the box were gone, they Coach Gibbs and his assistant coaches and we're doing, and forgetting that we are gave up their own. The ship sank in 20 min­ the players, the first act was to kneel down brothers and sisters and that each of them utes. A lot of the 229 survivors remembered and thank God. And what an inspiration I is loved equally by God as much as we feel seeing the chaplains standing on the heav­ think that is to the young people of this that He loves us. ing, squall-tossed deck as the ship sank. country and other countries, that saw that. I'm so thankful that there will always be Their arms were linked and they were pray­ But somehow, I "If my people which are called by my name March 22, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6673 shall humble themselves and pray and seek be an impediment to achieving all the po­ Cincinnati and since August 25, 1982, my face and turn from their wicked ways, tential and possibilities that You have he has been Archbishop of the Diocese then will I hear from heaven, and will heal placed in them. of Chicago. their land." Help us, 0 Lord, to love one another as I know that at times all of us-I do-feel Jesus loved us. Help us, dear Lord, to love Cardinal Bernardin has earned a that perhaps in our prayer we ask for too mercy, to do justly, and walk humbly before reputation of being accessible and re­ much. And then there are those other times You. Amen. sponsive to the many and varied needs when we feel that something isn't impor­ Dr. GRAHAM. President Reagan, Mrs. of his many parishioners in the vari­ tant enough to bother God with it. Maybe Reagan, it's been my privilege to be at most ous districts under his jurisdiction. we should let him decide those things. all the prayer breakfasts since the very be­ The Archdioceses of Cincinnati and The war correspondent Margaret Higgins, ginning, and during the first 15 years I gave Chicago are comprised of many differ­ who received the Pulitzer Prize for Interna­ the message 12 times here, and so I know ent ethnic groups and Cardinal Ber­ tional Reporting because of her coverage of how General Vessey felt. But I do not recall the Korean War, among all her writings had a prayer breakfast in which there has been nardin has established an effective an account one day of the Fifth Company such a great spirit as we have had this rapport with all these groups. of Marines who were part of an 18,000-man morning, and I want to take this personal The Italian American community force that was in combat with 100,000 of the opportunity to thank God and all those who basks in the accomplishment of Cardi­ enemy. And she described an incident that have arranged this program, and what has nal Bernardin and is grateful to the took place early, just after dawn, on a very been said and done here today, in giving Holy Father for recognizing the enor­ cold morning. It was 42 degrees below zero, honor and glory to the Lord Jesus Christ. mous talent which characterizes Car­ and the weary Marines, half frozen, stood Shall we pray? dinal Bernardin. by their dirty, mud-covered trucks, eating And now unto Him who loved us and their breakfast from tin cans. washed us from our sins in His own blood, At this point in the RECORD I wish to She saw one huge Marine who was eating and has made us kings and priests unto God insert two articles about the new Car­ cold beans with a trench knife. His clothes the Father, to Him be the glory and the do­ dinal from the February 1983 edition were frozen stiff as a board, his face was minion and the majesty forever and ever, of L' Agenda, the National Italian covered with a heavy beard, and crusted Amen. • American News. with mud. And one of the little group of war THE FIRST ITALIAN-AMERICAN CARDINAL: correspondents who were on hand went up JOSEPH BERNARDIN to him and said, "If I were God and could WALTER AND DORIS MARSHALL grant you anything you wished, what would DAY Yet another milestone in Italian-American you most like?" And the Marine stood there history has been passed with the elevation for a moment looking down at the cold tin HON. PAT WILLIAMS of Archbishop Joseph Bernardin to Cardi­ of beans then he raised his head and said, nal at the election of Pope John Paul II, for "Give me tomorrow." OF MONTANA while descended Catholics are the majority Now, I would like to sign a proclamation IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in this country, not once before has the which will make 1983 the Year of the Bible. Tuesday, March 22, 1983 Church recognized our preponderance by And I want to thank Senator Bill Armstrong making an Italian-American a Cardinal. and Representative Carlos Moorhead, and • Mr. WILLIAMS of Montana. Mr. Bernardin has headed the populous Dio­ all those inside and outside of Congress who Speaker, Friday, March 18, 1983, was ceses of Cincinnati and Chicago where he assisted them and made this all possible. Walter and Doris Marshall Day in has won the affection of all Polish, Italian Thank you and God bless you, and I'm Montana. It is a well-deserved recogni­ and Irish Catholics districts as a level going down and sign the proclamation. Church. cantly improved the lives of thousands It is supremely ironic that the first non­ Representative STANGELAND. At this time of Montanans. Their energetic and en­ I'd like to call on the Honorable Charles Italian pope in the modem history of the Whitley to lead us in a closing song. thusiastic activity in education, the Church has selected the first Italian-Ameri­ Representative WHITLEY. Will you all join arts, civic and business affairs, veter­ can cardinal of the Church in North Amer­ with me as we sing together that great ans affairs, and politics has benefited ica. hymn, "Amazing Grace." You will find the the State of Montana and its citizens Bernardin has eschewed the expensive words as an insert to your program, and I for more than half a century. custom of transporting large bodies of his would ask that at the conclusion of this I am better for my friendship with archdiocese to his elevation; instead, he has hymn that everyone remain standing for taken to Rome only his more immediate the Marshalls, and I join Montana's family, citing Chicago's unemployment as a our closing prayer by the Honorable Wil­ citizens in thanking Walter and Doris liam Gray, Congressman from Pennsylva­ reason. This gesture reveals that the Arch­ nia, and our benediction by Dr. Billy for their untiring public work.e bishop's accession has made a humble man Graham. Let us all stand. even more pleasantly humble. Bernardin's ancestors came from North­ (The hymn followed.) TRIBUTE TO CARDINAL JOSEPH Representative GRAY. Let us join hands, em Italy, immigrants in a country which one with another. And I saw a great multi­ BERNARDIN greeted Italians with jobs but also bigotry. tude of men and women of all colors look­ No free rides were expected, and certainly ing into one another's eyes, not with fear HON. MARIO BIAGGI none were proferred. But struggle in the but with love. And I said, what is this place? OF NEW YORK Cardinal-elect's family and by the Archbish­ And a voice responded by saying, this is the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES op himself has paid off most handsomely. A Kingdom of God. And I said, where will I glaring and bitter irony of the Catholic find it? The voice responded by saying, in Tuesday, March 22, 1983 Church in America has been the slow as­ your heart. And I responded by saying, e Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, the Ital­ similation of Italian co-religionists into its when will I find this kingdom of love? And ian American community, of this ranks. Curiously, the Church, until ex­ the voice said, when you all learn to love tremely recently, has been more Irish than one another. Nation of which I am proud to be a Catholic, leading many Italians to more re­ Gracious Father, some of your children member was elated by the decision of ceptive Protestant arms. Polish Catholic have gathered together to break bread and the Holy Father Pope John Paul II to John Paul II has brought the American to enjoy the fellowship with each other. We elevate Archbishop Joseph Bernardin Catholic much further into reflecting its come from many states, we come from many of Chicago to be the first Italian popular composition. nations, but we are Your children. We come American Cardinal in the Catholic L'Agenda congratulates Cardinal Joseph from all walks of life, but we are Your chil­ Church. Bernardin and wishes him the best of luck dren. Cardinal Bernardin, the son of immi­ and success. Gracious Father, we ask You to help us to grant parents from northern Italy, has work for the day when our prayers become HIS EMINENCE JOSEPH CARDINAL BERNARDIN, a reality, to work for the day when we take enjoyed a meteoric career in the ARCHBISHOP OF CHICAGO our swords and tum them into plough­ priesthood. It took Cardinal Bernardin Cardinal-designate Joseph Louis Bernar­ shares and our spears into pruning hooks, just over 30 years to reach the pinna­ din, pastor, administrator, teacher, commu­ and study war no more, work for the day cle of his career. For the past 11 years nicator and seventh Archbishop of Chicago, when a person's color, creed, or sex will not he has presided over the Diocese of was born April 2, 1928, to Joseph and Maria

11-059 Q-87-41 (Pt. 5) 6674 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1983 Bernardin in Columbia, South CONGRESSIONAL SALUTE TO night in 1945, Bauer and his wife Edith, in­ Carolina. HON. T. EMMET BAUER OF specting the house by flashlight, decided to While deeply involved in pastoral and ad­ OAKLAND, N.J., ESTEEMED make 29 Grove Street in Oakland, New ministrative duties in the Diocese of Jersey, their home. MAYOR, OUTSTANDING COM­ In 1947, Bauer ran for Oakland Council as Charleston, then the archdioceses of Atlan­ MUNITY LEADER, AND GREAT ta, Cincinnati, and Chicago, the Cardinal a Democrat, partly because there was no also helped guide the Church in the United AMERICAN Democratic party in Oakland at that time States from several national and interna­ and because it piqued his sense of challenge tional posts. They included leadership posi­ HON. ROBERT A. ROE to be seeking office against all odds. Sur­ tions with the National Conference of OF NEW JERSEY prised but delighted, he became one of the Catholic Bishops in Washington, D.C. and first Democrats to have ever won an elec­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion in Oakland. with the Permanent Council for the World Tuesday, March 22, 1983 Throughout the fifties, he turned his at­ Synod of Bishops, Vatican City. tention to the Oakland school system. The Cardinal received his bachelor's • Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, on Friday, Those were the years of accelerated town degree in philosophy at St. Mary Seminary March 25, the residents of Oakland, growth. Like many other towns across the in Baltimore in 1948 and his master's degree my congressional district, and State of nation, the post-World War II baby boom in education at the Catholic University of New Jersey will join together in testi­ was swelling school enrollment. A distin­ America in 1952. mony to a distinguished citizen, es­ guishing quality of being drawn to wherever Joseph L. Bernardin was ordained a priest teemed mayor, and good friend-Hon. the fire is the hottest redirected his atten­ at St. Joseph Church, Columbia South T. Emmet Bauer of Oakland, N.J.­ tion. He was elected and served for six years Carolina on April 26, 1952. He served in whose standards of excellence on the Board of Education, followed by an parish posts from that year to 1954. throughout his lifetime and over three equal number of years on the Ramapo Re­ He was Vice Chancellor of the Diocese of gional High School Board. During these Charleston from 1954 to 1956, then Chan­ decades in outstanding public service years, he served five years on the Board of cellor from 1956-66, Vicar General and Di­ to the Borough of Oakland is applaud­ Zoning Adjustment. ocesan Consultor 1962-66 and Administrator ed by all of us. Elected Mayor in 1964, he discovered he of the Charleston Diocese from September Mr. Speaker, I know that you and loved the job, loved meeting the people for 1964 to February, 1965. our colleagues here in the Congress whom he had a profound respect. At town Pope Paul VI appointed Father Bernardin will want to join with me in deep ap­ meetings, he found the citizens to be sharp, Auxiliary Bishop of Atlanta, Georgia on preciation of all of his good works and talented, hilarious and congenial. Com­ March 9, 1966. Exactly 14 years after his or­ share great pride in the success of his plaints and problems were met with a quick dination. Father Bernardin was ordained to achievements with his good wife but positive attitude. He adopted a hard­ the episcopacy in the Cathedral of St. John working, but no less exciting pace. Able to Edith; daughters, Barbara and Carla; handle many a stormy meeting with a the Baptist in Charleston, S.C., on April 26, sons-in-law, Ernest Bivona and Mark 1966. strong hand, he allowed no self-interest From 1966 to 1968, then-Bishop Bernar­ DeWitt, respectively; and grandchil­ group to manage him. Scrupulously fair in din served the Archdiocese of Atlanta as dren, Ellen and Daniel Bivona, Chris­ dealing with all of the townspeople, he has Vicar General and Rector of the Cathedral tine and Jill DeWitt. made himself available to them at any hour. of Christ the King. Mr. Speaker, there is much that can His wife can best attest to that availability He was appointed Archbishop of Cincin­ be said of Mayor Bauer and his life­ by pointing to interrupted dinners too nu­ nati on Nov. 21, 1972 and was installed as in merous to count. time of accomplishments service to Since 1964, Bauer has served four terms as Archbishop at the Cathedral of St. Peter in people. His sincerity of purpose and Mayor. The past two have been consecutive Chains in Cincinnati on Dec. 19, 1972. personal commitment to others have four-year terms. Because election campaigns His appointment as Archbishop of Chica­ been warmly captured in the salute are never routine, Bauer did have an occa­ go by Pope John Paul II was announced on prepared by the people of Oakland sional upset, but he has had many more vic­ Saturday, July 10, 1982. tories. Never one to put a party label above Archbishop Bernardin was installed as and, with your permission, I would like to insert at this point in our historic his desire for good government, he gave Archbishop of Chicago on Wednesday, spice to his campaigns by moving from August 25, 1982, at Holy Name Cathedral in journal of Congress this testimonial that will be particularly cited by his being a Democrat to a Republican. Those Chicago. who appreciated working with him learned On January 5th, 1983, Archbishop Bernar­ friends on March 25, as follows: to adapt to his fluid style and accepted his din was named to membership in the Sacred OAKLAND'S SALUTE TO MAYOR T. EMMET leadership regardless of party. College of Cardinals. He received the sym­ BAUER As Mayor, Bauer says "you can never an­ bolic red biretta in a consistory held at the For over three decades of his life, Oak­ ticipate what kind of challenge the day will Vatican on Feb. 2, 1983.e land's Mayor T. Emmet Bauer had given of hold". Both off-the-record and on-the­ himself in service to our community. His record, he is clear and pointed on the issues. achievements are many, and no measure can He has maintained the same unflinching PERSONAL EXPLANATION be placed upon the vitality, energy and dedi­ stamina and outspokenness since he first cation of this one man whose leadership has became Mayor. He and Edith are now re­ brought many benefits to Oakland. Marking tired. He was executive of a national insur­ HON. MICHAEL D. BARNES 35 years 9f public service is but another ance firm, she a school teacher. His energies OF MARYLAND milestone m a continuing public career. He now have been turned to being a full-time deserves to be saluted. Mayor of Oakland. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Bauer was one of two sons born to Hugo The Bauers are proud of their two daugh­ and Margaret Callahan Bauer. His youth ters, Barbara and Carla, both married with Tuesday, March 22, 1983 was spent in Passaic, New Jersey. He attend­ young children of their own. The elder, Bar­ · • Mr. BARNES. Mr. Speaker, I was ed local schools there and then went on to bara, is married to Ernest Bivona. They not able to be present yesterday New Jersey Law School, now Rutgers Uni­ reside in Towaco, New Jersey, with their during proceedings on H.R. 1149, the versity, where he received an LL.B. degree. two children Ellen and Daniel. Barbara is a When he married Edith Jessen, she was former high school teacher. Carla is married Oregon Wilderness bill, and take this fully aware of his vigorous sense of purpose, to Mark DeWitt. With their children, Chris­ opportunity to indicate how~ would and she has been steadfast in her support of tine and Jill, they reside in Bloomingdale, have voted. him throughout his years of community ac­ New Jersey. Beckoned to a public career like Rollcall No. 34, the rule for consider­ tivities. His employer at the time was relat­ her father, Carla is a former Bloomingdale ation of the bill, "aye." Rollcall No. 35, ed to the Demarests, one of Oakland's first Councilwoman, and a current member and the Denny Smith substitute, "no." families. A resident of Oakland, the employ­ former Chairwoman of the local Planning Rollcall No. 36, the Young of Alaska er required a residence less remote from Board. New York City. He convinced his young em­ Neither Bauer nor his wife have sought substitute, "No." Rollcall No. 37, the ployee that the house in Oakland which he, the relative calm that are the just rewards Walker amendment, "no". On Rollcall himself, had designed and built would be of retirement. Both are involved and genu­ No. 38, final passage, I was paired in the perfect home for the young Bauers. And inely interested in the welfare of Oakland. favor and would have voted "aye.''e so it was that on a blustery, cold winter Bauer puts in long days either roaming the March 22, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6675 Borough limits or at the Borough hall. He luccan people are still seeking their in­ who are natural allies of the West, and attends to the many ministries of Mayor, dependence. whose cause and case has been deferred too whether performing marriage ceremonies, Mr. Speaker, I recommend this en­ long.e visiting townspeople that can't get out to meet with him, or unraveling bureaucratic lightening article, which is reprinted red tape when it stands in the way of still here in its entirety: SEARCH WARRANT PROTECTION another benefit for the town. He is a ready [From the Washington Times, Thursday, IN THE FIELD participator in the day-to-day town events. Dec. 16, 19821 A sought-after master of ceremonies, his SoUTH MoLuccANs STILL THERE gift of wit and good-humored deviltry add HON. WILLIAM E. DANNEMEYER zest to any occasion. At Council meetings, The issue is the self-determination of the OF CALIFORNIA he tempers impatience for getting on with South Moluccas, an island nation of 2 mil­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the job by smoothing away controversy with lion people that was forcibly incorporated deliberation and diplomacy. into Indonesia 32 years ago. It is an issue Tuesday, March 22, 1983 Mayor Bauer's genuine love for Oakland that will not go away and in which the e Mr. DANNEMEYER. Mr. Speaker, has mainly prompted his ventures into United States has an increasingly important public life. March 25th, 1983 shall be re­ today I introduce a bill designed to stake. The conflict entered Western con­ insure equal protection from unrea­ membered as an evening in which the sciousness through hijackings committed townspeople of Oakland payed tribute to some years ago in the Netherlands in the sonable and warrantless searches for the mark of the man and showed their ap­ name of South Moluccan independence. farmworkers, farmers, and other out­ preciation by publicly saying "Thank you, Now, disavowing such tactics and intent on door operators and to prevent the con­ T. Emmet Bauer, for all the years and all a peaceful resolution, the South Moluccan tinued, warrantless invasion of Ameri­ the hard work. In saluting you, we know we people are asking for justice and are saying: can fields. can continue to depend upon your leader­ We are still entitled to independence. The fourth amendment of the Con­ ship, your dedication and your service to The South Moluccan people inhabit a Oakland in the years ahead". stitution guarantees the right of all chain of islands west of New Guinea and citizens to conduct their business Mr. Speaker, Yes, our community, south of the Philippines. Ethnically, racial­ secure from arbitrary and unre­ State, and Nation has indeed been en­ ly, religiously, linguistically and culturally, the South Moluccans are distinct from the strained searches. However, if you are riched by the quality of Emmet Javans and Sumatrans who dominate Indo­ a farmer, fieldworker, or other out­ Bauer's leadership and the wealth of nesia. The Dutch, who ruled the East Indies door operator, do not count on that his wisdom and caring as the elected as a colonial power for 350 years, gave the provision to protect you in your legiti­ chief executive officer of the Borough South Moluccas a measure of autonomy in mate business activity. At any time, an of Oakland of our great sovereign 1947. immigration officer may enter your State of New Jersey. He has truly in­ When the Javanese took power in Jakar­ ta, they began a war of domination that field, disrupt your work, and question spired and enriched the lives of many you or your workers as to their right of our people in his lifetime endeavors. ended in 1950 with more than 20,000 sol­ diers killed and the South Moluccas a sub­ to be or to remain in the United I am pleased to join with the people of ject state within Indonesia. States. This cannot happen in factory the Borough of Oakland in this trib­ It is a measure of the cynicism of world areas closed to the public. But it can ute to their esteemed mayor and seek politics today that the South Moluccan happen in so-called open fields. It is this national recognition of his contri­ quest for self-determination seems quixotic. this double standard of search and sei­ bution to the American way of life and Heretofore, the Western alliance has stayed away from this issue because of Indo­ zure that has caused serious harm and the American dream through his com­ damage to people and property that passion and benevolence for his fellow­ nesia's importance as an oil producer and a non-communist nation. Yet the leverage of this amendment seeks to end. man and an exemplary record of good international oil has diminished, especially The problem is not with any Federal works in public service on their behalf. in Indonesia's case because of internal cor­ statute. The problem is not with case We do indeed salute a beloved mayor ruption and falling production. And in the law. The problem is with Immigration and great American-Hon. T. Emmet long run, the centrifugal pressures in the Service policy which states: Bauer of Oakland, N .J.e Indonesian empire are a greater threat to the stability and concomitant Western ori­ There is considerable case law holding entation of the Javanese than any external that the fourth amendment does not apply SOUTH MOLUCCAN pressure for South Moluccan independence to entry onto so-called open fields by a law INDEPENDENCE might be now. enforcement officer in the performance of This is a natural opportunity for the his official duties. HON. ~~J.HUGHES United States to promote simultaneously its I had hoped for an administrative interests in international stability and the remedy to this problem. Discussions OF NEW JERSEY ideals of its founders. The many independ­ last year with the Immigration Service IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ence movements in the world do not go did not resolve the warrantless and de­ Tuesday, March 22, 1983 away with neglect or repression. Most structive invasion of strawberry fields fester, and flame again when the power of • Mr. HUGHES. Mr. Speaker, as you central government subjugation weakens. in southern California. In the 97th know, the domination of one culture By supporting South Moluccan independ­ Congress, I introduced H.R. 6506, to or people by another is a fundamental ence, the United States can accomplish sev­ require consent or a warrant before violation of human rights that arouses eral significant and mutually reinforcing ob­ entering open fields. deep concern in this body and across jectives: I am not the only voice in this issue. our great Nation. I believe that we It can reaffirm its commitment to the fun­ Last year, my bill was cosponsored by must be constantly alert to world damental and universal ideals of political 7 Democrats and 12 Republicans rep­ self-determination, and limit the Soviet resenting States from California to events, watchful and dedicated in our Union's self-serving and fraudulent arroga­ efforts to further the cause of free­ tion of that concern; Louisiana, from Oregon to Michigan. dom. It can establish a peaceful, juridical means Mr. EDwARDs offered this measure as Recently, I reviewed an article of resolving such disputes, which otherwise an amendment when the House Judici­ which I am sure will be of great inter­ are apt to endanger Western interests for ary Committee considered H.R. 6514. est to my colleagues, concerning years to come; The amendment was narrowly defeat­ events in the Republic of South Mo­ It can begin what probably will be a long­ ed, 11 to 14. Additional and bipartisan lucca. As you know, the South Moluc­ term endeavor of the West-saving the In­ Members of the House cosigned a donesians in spite of themselves, and doing statement in support of this amend­ can people live in the islands located so in a constructive way; near New Guinea and the Philippines. It can help elevate the institutional level ment. Today, I am pleased to be again The South Moluccan Islands were of collective international behavior; joined by a strong, bipartisan coalition forcibly annexed by the Indonesian It can assure simple justice for the South of 14 Members of Congress who sup­ Government 33 years ago. South Mo- Moluccans, a democratic, Christian people port this measure. 6676 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1983 When a single bill draws such a rant of arrest • • • on an alien who he has of a farmer or other outdoor operator broad, bipartisan, multiregional coali­ reason to believe is there. are not the open fields of Hester. tion of Members, there must be some It should also be noted that the bill As Judge Keith of the Sixth Circuit reason for Members to strongly sup­ would not prevent hot pursuit. Neither Court of Appeals noted in a dissenting port this measure. Nevertheless, would it prevent the apprehension of opinion in U.S. against Oliver, "courts permit me to address two major ques­ an individual about whom the agent have consistently held that the open tions about this bill. has definite information that he is in fields exception is not applicable First, will the bill impede immigra­ violation of law and is likely to ab­ where the warrantless search was con­ tion law enforcement in rural areas? scond before an arrest warrant can be ducted in an area where the public was Second, is this bill a departure from obtained. excluded." Even gates, though, do not current law? Finally, this Member rejects the stop the governmental invasion of This bill will not impede law enforce­ premise that the farms of America are fields under the mask of Hester. Flori­ ment in rural areas. Concern focuses havens for illegal labor. The funda­ da law enforcement officers decided to on the time necessary to obtain a war­ mental right to privacy is not to be "cross a dike, ram through one gate rant and the claimed difficulty in serv­ equated with the desire to conceal and cut the chain lock on another, cut ing a warrant in an open fields situa­ crime. The view that the sole purpose or cross posted fences.• • •" In this tion. of farmworkers is to leave rather than case, Florida against Brady, the court With regard to obtaining a warrant, work the fields, when Government found an expectation of privacy was it is claimed that the agent would be agents arrive, and that growers are implied in an open field secured from required to drive considerable distance willing to risk constant disruption of the public. from the field to a magistrate, specify their harvest is just not correct. The final argument for this bill lies the precise location and ownership of This requirement to obtain consent in the Immigration Reform and Con­ the property, and then return to serve or a warrant will not create a free zone trol Act of 1983, H.R. 1510. When a the warrant. for illegal labor. But it will prevent bill places criminal penalties on em­ As a matter of fact, the process can what we have now: A free zone for the ployers, as H.R. 1510 does, a comple­ be foreshortened as my office discov­ arbitrary enforcement of the law. It mentary standard of enforcement is ered in conversation with various U.S. will prevent the kind of illegal and warrantless entry by the Border called for. Rather than weakening the attorney's offices in California. The thrust of the bill, my bill is a natural process basically calls for a Govern­ Patrol that occurred on the West farm in 1981. The farm was posted and en­ and rightful corollary to the new pen­ ment agent to establish probable cause alties in the bill. before a Federal magistrate, after trances were chained. The Border Patrol was told to obtain a warrant This is not an abstract, constitution­ having gained clearance by the U.S. al issue. The power to enter property attorney's office. However, there are before entering. They refused, chased workers around, destroyed crops, without warrant in this instance is a ways to expedite that process that do harsh and punitive reality for too not involve driving from rural areas to caused a loss of some $200,000, and caused legal workers to refuse to many field operators. In considering the city and personal appearances by this bill, I urge my colleagues to con­ the agent who would serve the war­ return to work. There is no compensa­ rant. tion for the damage. The case is before sider these questions: I am advised that an agent may tele­ the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. Should a farmer have to give up his phone the U.S. attorney's office for The second issue concerns whether fourth amendment protections be­ clearance in seeking a Federal magis­ the bill is a departure from current cause he farms? trate's approval. The agent need not law. The Border Patrol bases its au­ Should a farmer or other outdoor leave a field position. Further, if the thority to enter open fields without operator be subject to arbitrary and situation calls for it, the agent may warrant on Hester against U.S., a 1922 warrantless invasions of his labor? telephone the magistrate, who records case in which Mr. Justice Holmes Should farmers and workers have to the request and renders a decision found that the "special protection ac­ put up walls in order to be reasonably over the phone. corded by the fourth amendment to free from arbitrary and unrestrained The information required in the re­ the people . . . is not extended to the searches? quest for a warrant is not the detail al­ open fields." Let me conclude by quoting Justice leged by some. Names of suspected un­ This case involved the seizure of Brandeis on the Fourth Amendment: documented aliens, the precise loca­ moonshine in an open field that was The makers of our Constitution under­ not posted or fenced. The Border took to secure conditions favorable to the tion of the property, as in a title pursuit of happiness. They recognized the search, and the name of the property Patrol has applied Hester without significance of man's spiritual nature, of his owner are not required. What is re­ regard to fencing or posting of open feelings and of his intellect.... They quired is probable cause and a reason­ fields. But, as the Congressional Re­ sought to protect Americans in their beliefs, able description of the property's loca­ search Service has noted- their thoughts.... They conferred, as tion. The analysis now used by the court looks against the Government, the right to be let The purpose of my bill is not to to reasonable or legitimate expectation of alone-the most comprehensive of all rights make it harder to enforce the law. But privacy and dates from a 1967 case, Katz and the right most valued by civilized men. it is the purpose to insure that farm­ against U.S. • • •." At this point, Mr. Speaker, I insert ers and fieldworkers are treated as Neither Federal statute nor case law the text of this bill in the RECORD.e other business people and workers. establishes the right to enter open The second issue raised is the likeli­ fields without warrant to determine hood of aliens absconding from their the alien status of workers. Hester FRIENDS OF RALPH T. GRANT open field locations due to delays in does not grant this authority. Hester WOMEN'S AUXILIARY obtaining a warrant and the potential stands for the unamazing proposition for early warning. that illegal activity in plain view is not HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. First, it is interesting to note that protected by the fourth amendment. the INS search manual provides for However, a farmer who excludes the OF NEW .JERSEY the use of warrants in open field. The public from his fields has a reasonable IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES expectation of privacy there, and is manual states: Tuesday, March 22, 1983 The following are some instances in which thus entitled to protection of the an immigration officer forecasts an explosion in world food Bashaw agrees that cell-to-cell gene switch­ Born in Jacksonville, Fla., October 8, needs over the next 20 years. Yet outside ing opens up tremendous possibilities. 1920, where some family members still the USDA, many federal officials are more Working with an interdisciplinary team of remain, he has been married to Gerry worried that immense farm surpluses will continue to drahn the US Treasury. researchers at the Texas Agricultural Ex­ for 40 years. They have a son, Bill, and Today's surpluses and higher farm pro­ periment Station, Dr. Bashaw has seen 12 two daughters, Janelle and Susan, and ductivity are the results of past research years invested in developing a more digesti­ several grandchildren. breakthroughs. One possible response is to ble type of Bermuda grass, which improves In closing, I feel that no one in a control surpluses by cutting government cattle weight gain by 20 percent. With new professional capacity has done more in funds for agricultural research. This ap­ technology, he says, the traditional plant se­ proach is proposed in the Reagan adminis­ lection and breeding process could be speed­ the county of San Mateo to further ed up dramatically. the principles of high quality and re­ tration's 1984 budget, which cuts agricultur­ al research spending from 1983's $707 Inil­ But along with the CALP study and with sponsible government than Bob Allen. lion to $704 Inillion for '84. Crop production other experts, Bashaw warns that geneti­ He leaves public service on April 15, research funding is singled out for the larg­ cists still have a tremendous amount to 1983, with an enduring record and our est cutbacks. learn about the basic mechanics of plants lasting gratitude.e The amount cut may be small compared before major advances can be put to use with the total agricultural research budget. commercially. But these cuts come at a time when many The CALP study warns that a shortage of BLAMING RESEARCH FOR THE US experts are calling for increased agricul­ federal funds for basic agricultural research AGRICULTURAL POLICY MESS? tural research, which ultimately can help is creating serious problems. After quoting a farmers worldwide meet future demand. number of experts who criticize USDA fund­ Outlining research aims for the next six ing levels, the study concludes that "the HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. years, USDA Agricultural Research Service federal government is not yet financially OF CALIFORNIA administrator Terry B. Kinney Jr. says re­ committed to basic plant science and molec­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES search is being redirected to "help ease the ular biology." surpluses." One researcher familiar with a Congres­ Tuesday, March 22, 1983 Yet even as spending cuts are being felt in sional Office of Technology Assessment e Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. USDA offices throughout the country, the report being prepared on USDA support for Speaker, agricultural policy in this department continues to warn that tremen­ genetic engineering says the report will country needs serious overhaul. At dous productivity advances are needed to show that the USDA's own research teams meet expected world food demands. Accord­ "haven't availed themselves of the latest this very moment, we are faced with a ing to the just released Agricultural Re­ technology." So instead of advances in agri­ fundamental political conflict among search Service Program Plan, "World food cultural technology being freely shared be­ the concerns of those responsible for production must double in the next 40 years tween university researchers and then with producing our food and fiber, those to meet projected demands." the farm sector as in the past, the latest de- March 22, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6679 velopments may come instead from private tion of the proposed legislation would be use the voucher system will be permitted for labs in the US, Europe, and Japan. simplified by reducing the five different the period from May 1, 1983 to March 31, In this case, the congressional report is ex­ State-wide benefit levels under the present 1984. pected to warn, advances may be slowed FSC program to three. To reflect the third­ The employer who hires the individual down and may be exploited for commercial tier concept of FSC, individuals must have will be entitled to a voucher for each week profit to repay private industry's invest­ had employment in their base period of at he employes the claimant for at least 32 ment. least 30 weeks of work, or the equivalent in hours. The employer will not be permitted Anne Holiday Schauer, associate chief of wages, in order to qualify for benefits under to claim a voucher for individuals related to the USDA's Competitive Grants Research the revised FSC program. For extended ben­ the employer. The definition of a 'related Organization, says federal funding should efits it is 20 weeks of work or the equivalent individual' is provided in the Internal Reve­ be vastly increased because "we know so in wages. Finally, claimants would be ineligi­ nue Code. A voucher will also be denied if little about how the genes are organized in a ble if they became unemployed for any the employer employed the individual in plant that it will take a massive amount of reason other than being separated for lack the base period of his most recent unem­ work just to know how useful biotechnology of work or physical disability. This will ployment benefit year. will be." make ineligible those leaving work voluntar­ The voucher amount would be one-half of Although current US food surpluses ily or who were discharged for any other the individual's weekly benefit amount for a create political pressure to cut research reason. week of total unemployment. The maximum funds, she says, "the research that we are Claimants' weekly benefit amounts will be number of vouchers to which an employer contracting for now is to provide what we the same as their weekly benefit amounts will be entitled with respect to any individ­ will need in 10 to 15 years when we don't an­ under the current Federal Supplemental ual is determined by a mathematical formu­ ticipate a glut."e Compensation program. The maximum amount payable to a claimant during the la which utilizes the claimant's weekly bene­ period of modification would begin in a would further be subject to prosecution would: State when that State had an insured unem­ under the fraud provisions of Federal law. Extend a modified Federal Supplemental ployment rate of 6.0 percent or higher. The The voucher credits may be used by em­ Compensation program through the period would end after the insured unem­ ployers first to satisfy their State unem­ end of FY 1983 and tighten FSC eligibility; ployment rate in that State dropped below ployment tax liability, second to satisfy Establish a related job voucher program 6.0 percent. An "intermediate unemploy­ their Federal unemployment tax liability, or that allows FSC recipients to receive the ment period" (up to 12 weeks of FSC pay­ third against any Federal income tax liabil­ equivalent of their benefits in the form of able> would begin in a State when that ity. In the event an employer has vouchers weekly vouchers to be given to new employ­ State had an insured unemployment rate of in excess of these tax liabilities in any one ers who hire them; 4.5 percent but less than 6.0 percent. That year, they may be carried forward for up to Permit the states to use up to two percent period would end when the State met the 15 years to satisfy first Federal unemploy­ of the State unemployment compensation trigger rates for either a high or low unem­ ment tax liability and second Federal tax receipts to provide assistance to dis­ ployment period. A "low unemployment income tax liability. The vouchers may also placed workers in the form of retraining period" be carried back against Federal income tax and relocation; and shall begin with the first week in which the liability for up to three years. The tax Establish a youth opportunity wage State is not in a period of high or intermedi­ credit is non-refundable. If the employer during the summer months for persons ate unemployment and end with the week uses the voucher credit to satisfy any of under the age of 22. preceding the week in which a State begins these tax liabilities, that employer will not TITLE I: MODIFICATION OF THE FEDERAL a period of high or intermediate unemploy­ be entitled to a targeted jobs tax credit for SUPPLEMENTAL COMPENSATION PROGRAM ment. Notwithstanding a State meeting the wages paid to that employee during the FSC modification trigger requirement for unemployment, pe­ same period a voucher is claimed. riods will last for a minimum of four weeks. We estimate that 700,000 individuals will Subtitle A of title VI of the Tax Equity use the job voucher system. and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 enacted the Federal Supplemen­ cation 400,000 claimants will be affected by TITLE 11: YOUTH OPPORTUNITY WAGE AND tal Compensation Act of 1982. The Federal the changed requirements at a cost of ap­ COVERAGE Supplemental Compensation program was proximately $550 million less than a Under current law, the basic Federal mini­ extended by section 544 of the Surface straight extension of the current program. mum wage of $3.35 an hour exists for most Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 shall be interpreted to refer to this leagues in the House, minority whip subsection with respect to this type of Tuesday, March 22, 1883 TRENT LOTT, Representatives PAT ROB­ ERTS, PHIL GRAMM, STEPHEN SOLARZ, youth employment. The provision also • Mr. COATS. Mr. Speaker, it is my states that the subsection shall not be appli­ BILL NELSON, WES WATKINS, and BOBBI cable to any person who has been employed privilege to welcome the following F!EDLER, who have graciously taken by the employer at any time during the 90- members of the Fourth District con­ time from their schedules to meet and day period before May 1. This is to provide gressional student program from Indi­ speak with these students. protection for young workers who are al­ ana to Washington, D.C., this week: Mr. Speaker, I believe that this con­ ready employed by a particular employer. Jalene Anderson, Fort Wayne Chris­ gressional student program allows The provision also states that no employer tian High School; Barbara Andrew, these fine young men and women the shall discharge or discriminate against an Wayne High School; Andrew Barker, opportunity to discover Washington employee of such employer who is ineligible East Noble High School; Jack Birch, both at work and at leisure. They will for the wage established by this subsection West Noble High School; Julianne be able to see the wonderful sites in on the basis of such ineligibility. This is de­ Bawman, Norwell High School; Kim signed to protect older workers from possi­ and around this great city as well as Bradtmueller, Heritage High School; observe the activities of those men and ble displacement by the youth eligible for David Brown, Southern Wells High the youth opportunity wage. A discrimina­ women who serve this country. I hope School; Melinda Clouse, Central Noble that this exposure will encourage tory discharge violation shall be deemed a High School; Greg Crowell, Black­ violation of section 15<3> of the Fair them to actively participate in the Labor Standards Act and thus these hawk Christian High School; Lynette Government in the future. violations would be enforceable with the Fields, Huntington North High Again, Mr. Speaker, it is my pleasure remedies under the FLSA. The provision School; David Fischer, Homestead to welcome these students.e would also exclude from Federal and State High School; Robert Fork, Bishop unemployment compensation coverage the Dwenger High School; Tony Frey, employment of such individuals and their Bellmont High School; Charlotte STUDENT ASSISTANCE IMPROVE­ wages. Gerig, Woodlan High School; Peter M. MENT AMENDMENTS OF 1981 TITLE III: USE OF STATE UNEMPLOYMENT FUNDS Hazelton, Bluffton High School; FOR RETRAINING AND RELOCATION ASSISTANCE Henry J. Hendrie II, Prairie Heights HON. JOHN N. ERLENBORN The bill would permit the use of workers High School; Marcia M. Heyman, OF ILLINOIS eligible for unemployment compensation Dekalb High School; Shauna Holt, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Northrop High School; Cheryl Jack­ under State law. Job search allowances and Tuesday, March 22, 1983 relocation allowances may also be furnished way, Garrett High School; Bruce A. to workers. Jobe, Jay County High School; Jeffrey e Mr. ERLENBORN. Mr. Speaker, The amount of funds a State may use for Kochlinger, Concordia Lutheran High today I am introducing the Student retraining and relocation assistance in a School; Devona Lahrman, South Assistance Improvement Amendments year shall not exceed two percent of the Adams High School; Thomas Lantz, of 1983. This legislation, transmitted total receipts from employers to the state's Fremont High School; Tammy J. to Congress earlier last week by the unemployment fund in the preceding calen­ Litmer, Adams Central High School; administration, proposes a major re­ dar year. Funds granted to a State for the Laura Manns, Churubusco High structuring and simplification of exist­ administration of State and Federal unem­ School; Marty L. Manuel, Witco High ing Federal student aid programs. ployment compensation laws may not be School; Julie Marple, Angola High The central concept in this legisla­ used for the costs of administering the re­ training and relocation assistance programs, School; Erika McCord, Harding High tion is that students should make a nor may State unemployment funds be used School; Kevin Mowan, Bishop Luers larger contribution toward meeting for administrative costs. High School; Darlene Muraski, East­ the cost of their education. To this This proposal provides a means whereby side High School; Pamela Sue Picker­ end, the legislation would require a States can encourage individuals who have ing, Snider High School; Wayne E. self-help contribution from each recip­ been permanently separated from their jobs Propsy, Lakeland High School; Joel S. ient of grant aid amounting to $800 or to obtain retraining. States could tailor Reed, New Haven High School; Sheri 40 percent of the cost of education, their assistance to the specific needs of Roberts, Huntington Catholic High whichever is higher. long-term, structurally unemployed. School; Thomas C. Roberts, South The legislation also embraces the If all States took advantage of this provi­ Side High School; Brenda Sue Smith, philosophy that the Federal Govern­ sion, we estimate the total amount of funds Hamilton Community High School; ment should not give grants to stu­ available would be $374 million based ones­ Carol Tonn, Elmhurst High School; dents unless the student has already timated tax receipts for fiscal year 1984. David Walton, Grace Christian High made a contribution toward their own TITLE IV: ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS School; Myron Weber, Leo High education. Existing research demon­ The bill would amend the Job Training School; Suzanne Western, Columbia strates conclusively that some stu­ Partnership Act to provide that individuals City Joint High School; Janette Wil­ dents are currently contributing more who receive wages pursuant to programs liams, Northside High School; Dawn toward meeting educational costs than under the Job Training and Partnership Act Wilson, Westview High School; and the administration is proposing, while or the Comprehensive Employment and Mr. and Mrs. Ivan Beyeler of Fort others are contributing nothing. Training Act who have not attained age 22 Wayne as sponsors. According to analyses prepared by by May 1 shall, for the period from May 1 These students have been chosen to the administration the changes pro­ through September 30, be paid the mini­ take part in the program by a nonpar­ posed in this legislation would result mum wage established in section 6(g) of the tisan board of directors. One student is in an increased focusing of grant aid Fair Labor Standards Act or the minumum wage under State or local law. chosen out of many applicants from on low-income students. The percent­ The Bill would provide for technical and each high school in my district. I wish age of grant aid going to families with conforming amendments to the Social Secu­ to congratulate these students and ap­ incomes below $12,000 would increase rity Act and the Internal Revenue Code.e plaud their enthusiasm and spirit. from 74 to 82 percent. This refocusing During this week they will have the of aid would help restore the program opportunity to see Government in to its original purpose, opening the March 22, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6681 doors of higher education to low Hall of Pikeville College before the take into consideration in our delibera­ income students. Subcommittee on Postsecondary Edua­ tions. The most commonly voiced concern tion. Hall suggested that the self-help For one thing, I sense great public regarding this proposal heard since an­ requirement could directly lead to concern about the size of the defense nouncement of the fiscal year 1984 many of the students presently at budget. The area I represent has budget is that the self-help require­ Pikeville College, attending lower cost always stood for a strong defense, and ment is too high. Some students have schools. continues to. But when we face a stated that there are no summer jobs Fourth. The doubling of the loan higher budget deficit, and when so in their areas and that their families origination fees for graduate and pro­ many social programs have been cut, would be unable to help them with fessional students may undermine the the people in the 12th Congressional any shortfall. efforts of Congress to improve science District of Pennsylvania are saying Under the proposal, students could and math education Representatives they want to see that same scrutiny use guaranteed student loans, national of graduate schools have already told brought to the defense budget. direct student loans, and college work­ Congress that they feel an increase in Inefficiency, waste, cost overruns­ study to meet the self-help require­ the current $5,000 annual limit is those are the kinds of concerns I hear ment. In most instances students needed. Doubling the loan origination from citizens throughout the country. should not have difficulty in meeting fee would lower net loan proceeds by Congress has to be diligent in making this requirement. A guaranteed stu­ $250. certain such waste does not inflate the dent loan of $2,500 by itself, for in­ Fifth. A final concern relates to the defense budget. stance, would meet the self-help re­ overall stability of student financial For a second thing, whatever budget quirement for students attending an aid programs. The annual legislative cuts we make must be real cuts. It has institution with a cost of education of and regulatory changes in these pro­ become increasingly popular to make $6,000. grams made in the past few years have what are known as horizontal cuts. Ba­ The administration bill also pro­ convinced many students and their sically, that means we reduce spending poses extending the present guaran­ families that aid available one year teed student loan need analysis to all this year by spreading out a purchase. may not be available the next. The The effect of this, though, is often students. As you will recall, Mr. Speak­ result of this uncertainty is that stu­ er, the House of Representatives en­ counterproductive. Let us examine the dents decide to attend lower cost insti­ M-1 tank. Presently, the hardware acted an identical provision in the Om­ tutions which in some cases are not nibus Budget Reconciliation Act in cost in producing 60 of the tanks per best suited to their educational aspira­ month is $1.9 million per tank. By re­ 1981. When that historic act was con­ tions. sidered in conference, the need analy­ ducing our purchases to 40 a month, Despite these concerns, I believe the cost per tank goes up to $3 million sis was applied only to those borrowers that this legislation merits close scru­ with adjusted family gross incomes per tank. In addition, by going down to tiny by the House. I believe that hear­ the 40 per month, we would close one above $30,000. Enacting remaining ings and close study of the administra­ need now would not only save the of the plants and lose our "surge ca­ tion bill may lead to resolution of pacity" in case of an outbreak of hos­ Government money in future years, some or all of the concerns I have but would also remove the arbitrary tilities. Thus, this is not a real reduc­ raised. I also believe that the two prin­ tion in spending. The cuts we make effect of the $30,000 threshold. cipal features of the legislation-ex­ The administration is to be compli­ must truly save money. plicit recognition of a self-help re­ We must also remember that the mented on sending Congress a sub­ quirement and consolidation of stu­ stantive, thought-provoking proposal. budget debate is not really a debate dent aid programs-should serve as about numbers. It is about America's In reviewing all of the provisions in­ guideposts to Congress as it begins cluded in this legislation, however, I defense strength. While cost is impor­ work on the reauthorization of the tant, it is more important to spend the found several provisions that raise Higher Education Act later this year.e concerns that Congress may want to money wisely and lay out a defense address as it considers this bill: program that will accomplish our na­ First. All institutions may not be CHARTING AMERICA'S DEFENSE tional military goals. We all want a de­ able to take full advantage of the 57 fense second to none. But that will not percent increase in college work-study be accomplished by throwing defense funding. Although the administration HON. JOHN P. MURTHA dollars at problems; it will be accom­ bill waives the institutional share and OF PENNSYLVANIA plished by spending the dollars wisely provides for flexibility in the funding IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to create a strong, efficient military. formula, many institutions have ex­ I hope that in. the months ahead our pressed doubts as to whether a suffi­ Tuesday, March 22, 1983 debates will focus on the key questions cient number of work-study jobs can e Mr. MURTHA. Mr. Speaker, a of what future decision to make about be found on their campuses. couple years ago I said that we were the MX missile? How to solve continu­ Second. Some college presidents starting a 5-year period of decisions on ing problems with military manpower have suggested that students at their America's military that would shape and talent? How to close the gap in institutions may have trouble meeting the future of the world for decades to conventional weapons strength? And the self-help requirement. Elias Blake come. how to set a firm defense plan for the of Clark College, for example, has sug­ Nothing has happened to change my years ahead so our program does not gested that students at this institution mind. suffer from stops and starts and have great difficulty in obtaining The House of Representatives is be­ changes in attitude? Those are the guaranteed student loans. Other stu­ ginning a debate on the President's kinds of issues our debate needs to ad­ dents, particularly those arriving on budget request. Indications are there dress. campus in need of special tutoring or will be a real budget increase in de­ From my military background and remedial study, may not have the time fense in the 5-percent range; down observation of history, plus years of to hold a college work-study job. from the request by President Reagan. hearings on the Defense Appropria­ Third. The imposition of a 40 per­ In a budget that will approximate $245 tions Subcommittee, my basic outlook cent self-help requirement could dis­ billion, we do have flexibility in remains the same: The surest way to courage some low-income students making cuts without reducing effec­ avoid war is to make sure we are from attending the institution of their tiveness. strong enough .militarily that no po­ choice or any institution at all. This In these comments, I want to note tential adversary will miscalculate concern was raised by Dr. Jackson that there are some other factors to that this country lacks the willingness

11-059 0-87-42 (Pt. 5) 6682 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1983 to defend itself and its allies. But the The clearinghouses may also become would otherwise remain dependent sophistication, technology, and de­ centers for other child care-related ac­ upon Federal handouts are becoming structiveness of today's weapons, all tivity. Potential services include offer­ productive, taxpaying and more inde­ make those decisions tougher and ing technical assistance and training pendent. more crucial than they have been at to providers to increase services or up­ The Rehabilitation Services Admin­ any time in history. In addition, the grade existing services; providing feed­ istration's latest report to Congress es­ opponents of freedom and democracy back from users to providers regarding timates that for every $1 spent on vo­ are stronger than at any time in histo­ quality of services; coordinating activi­ cational rehabilitation, there is a ry, and we must not slacken from our ties of advocacy groups, agencies deal­ return in excess of $10. The most responsibility to lead the free world. ing with child and family issues, child recent data available from RSA shows The defense debate will not disap­ care providers and families; and work­ that in the first year after case clo­ pear; in fact, it will grow more intense. ing with the business community to sure, persons rehabilitated in fiscal And well it should. If the decisions set up employer-assisted dependent year 1981 paid $211.5 million more in today are incorrect, not only America, care programs. income, payroll and State taxes than but the entire free world will be vul­ The use of computers to collect data they would have paid without rehabili­ nerable.• on child care will integrate the new tation. Another $68.9 million was technology with the social services, saved as a result of decreased depend­ CHILD CARE INFORMATION AND with machines working to serve ency on public support payments and REFERRAL SERVICES ACT human needs. institutional care. In just 1 year, the The Child Care Information and Re­ benefits to government was $280.4 mil­ HON. BARBARA A. MIKULSKI ferral Services Act is a future-oriented lion. In 4 years, the entire cost to gov­ initiative designed to facilitate re­ ernment of those rehabilitations OF MARYLAND source efficiency in the present and to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would be returned. encourage resource upgrading and ex­ It only makes sense to fully support Tuesday, March 22, 1983 pansion in the future. I urge my col­ a program that has a 63-year track eMs. MIKULSKI. Mr. Speaker, I am leagues to support this legislation.e record of successful return on the Fed­ pleased today to be joined by my col­ eral dollar. Presently, however, the leagues, Ms. FERRARO, Mrs. SCHROEDER, REHABILITATION ACT OF 1973 Council of State Administrators of Vo­ Mrs. KENNELLY, Ms. 0AKAR, Mr. CON­ cational Rehabilitation estimate that ABLE, Mrs. BOGGS, Mrs. COLLINS, Mr. only 1 in 20 disabled individuals eligi­ PERKINS, and Mr. GEORGE MILLER, in HON. AUSTIN J. MURPHY ble for rehabilitation services can be introducing the Child Care Informa­ OF PENNSYLVANIA accepted into vocational rehabilitation tion and Referral Services Act. This IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES programs because of monetary limita­ legislation is part of the Women's Eco­ Tuesday, March 22, 1983 tions-people who could work if reha­ nomic Act and is sponsored in the bilitation services were provided. Senate by Mr. GARY HART. e Mr. MURPHY. Mr. Speaker, I would like to advise my colleagues Congress has consistently given bi­ Finding child care can be extremely partisan support to the Rehabilitation difficult. Changes in family structures that I have introduced legislation to extend the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Act. In the past 2 years we have reject­ and in employment schedules make ed a proposal to put the program into that job even harder. There are more as amended. Title I of this act, the State grants program, remains the a block grant and continued to in­ single parents who work and more crease its funding rather than reduce two-parent families where both par­ Federal Government's primary em­ ployment program for disabled Ameri­ it by as much as 30 percent, as the ad­ ents work. Quality child care is becom­ ministration proposed. Nevertheless, ing scarcer and scarcer. When families cans. It insures that a wide range of have nontraditional needs for child rehabilitation services are available to we must recognize that current fund­ care-like care for infants, or care persons with substantial handicaps to ing levels do not come close to answer­ during night shifts-finding child care employment but who have the poten­ ing the need. That the number of dis­ is a real struggle. tial to become gainfully employed. abled individuals served and rehabili­ Information and referral clearing­ The act's programs have become a tated has steadily decreased over the houses will be one-stop shops where model of coordinated and comprehen­ past 7 years does not reflect problems parents can find out about child care sive efforts interrelating basic services within the act itself, but rather the services in their communities. with research, training, independent erosion of its funding base due to in­ This legislation sets up an $8 million living and competitive job placement flation as well as sharp reductions in Federal grant program to fund new or programs. Furthermore, this act pro­ SSI and SSDI funds for vocational re­ improve existing information and re­ tects the civil rights of disabled Ameri­ habilitation. In addition, Congress has ferral clearinghouses. These clearing­ cans through its antidiscrimination made rehabilitation of the severely houses will work with parents and provisions. disabled a priority the last two times it with providers to help ff.milies find af­ There can be no argument that the has renewed this legislation. This fordable, convenient, and appropriate Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amend­ mandate should continue to be sup­ care for their children, and to help ed, should be extended. This piece of ported because, although it is more providers operate at full capacity. The legislation has the admirable distinc­ costly to serve the severely disabled, result is a match of families' needs tion of generating more revenue than this group is more dependent on which providers supply. is expended in its implementation. No public support and less likely to find In addition to making efficient ·use other human service funds are spent employment without rehabilitation of scarce resources, the information in such a cost-effective manner to help services than are the nonseverely dis­ and referral clearinghouses will have people live more self-sufficient and in­ abled. However, it costs 2 to 2¥2 times other benefits. The most important of dependent lives. Although apparent, it more money to rehabilitate the severe­ these is the information about child is difficult to measure the self-esteem ly disabled. Consequently, adequate care supply and demand the clearing­ resulting from participation in the funding levels need to be provided to houses will generate. Because there programs provided by this act. The implement the law as Congress intend­ are presently few facts about the tangible benefits to this country's eco­ ed. availability of child care services in nomic health, however, can and have The Rehabilitation Act Extension of specific communities, this data base been measured-in terms of increased 1983 does much to rectify this legisla­ will lay important groundwork for earning capacity and decreased reli­ tive intent/funding discrepancy by: future advocacy efforts. ance on public assistance. Persons who One, making permanent the authori- March 22, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6683 zation of appropriations for the basic <2> Section 100(b)(2) of the Act is amend­ by inserting immediately before the period State grants program; two, increasing ed- the following: ", and such sums as may be the authorization of State grants ap­ in the first sentence by striking out necessary for each of the fiscal years 1984, propriations for the next 4 years at a "and" immediately before "$60,000,000" and 1985, and 1986". by inserting immediately before the period Section 623 of the Act is amended by rate calculated to restore the fiscal at the end of such sentence ", and such year 1979 purchasing power of the striking out "1982" and inserting in lieu sums as may be necessary for each of the thereof "1986". program by fiscal year 1987; three, set­ fiscal years 1984, 1985, and 1986"; and ting each annual increase for the by striking out all of the second sen­ EXTENSION OF AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIA­ State grants program after fiscal year tence. TIONS FOR COMPREHENSIVE SERVICES FOR IN­ 1987 at the level of increase in the (3) Section 100(c)(2) is amended- DEPENDENT LIVING Consumer Price Index for each previ­ (A) in subparagraph by striking out SEc. 7. Section 731 of partE of the Act is ous year; and four, extending authori­ "If" and inserting in lieu thereof "Begin­ amended by inserting immediately before ning with fiscal year 1987, if"; and the period "and for each succeeding fiscal zation of appropriations for all other in subparagraph by striking out year ending before October 1, 1986". programs under the act for the next 3 "If" and inserting in lieu thereof "Begin­ fiscal years at "such sums as may be ning with fiscal year 1987, if". EFFECTIVE DATE necessary." (b) Section 112(a) of the Act is amended SEc. 8. This Act shall take effect October Fiscal year 1979 had been used as by inserting "and no less than $3,500,000 for 1, 1983 .• the point of reference because, from fiscal year 1984 and each of the two suc­ 1975 to 1979, the downward trend in ceeding fiscal years," after "fiscal years,". Section 12l of the Act is amended overall service provision resulted pri­ by striking out "1982" and inserting in lieu THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF marily from the gradual shift in re­ thereof "1986". THE CIVILIAN CONSERVATION sources to more severely disabled cli­ EXTENSION OF AUTHORIZATION OF CORPS ents; during this period there was ac­ APPROPRIATES FOR RESEARCH AND TRAINING tually a yearly increase in the number SEc. 3. (a) Section 20lO> of the Act is of severely disabled clients served. amended by striking out "and" immediately HON. WILUAM F. CUNGER, JR. However, since 1979, the drop in both after "1979," and by inserting immediately OF PENNSYLVANIA severely and nonseverely disabled before the semicolon at the end thereof the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cases shows a clear decline in the abili­ following: ", and for fiscal year 1984, and for ty of the States to serve eligible cli­ each of the two succeeding fiscal years". Tuesday, March 22, 1983 ents. At the very least, our objective (b) Section 201 and congratulate the by the swift passage of public jobs leg­ EXTENSION OF AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIA­ alumni, on the occasion of the CCC's islation. However, within our society is TIONS FOR SUPPLEMENTARY SERVICES AND FA­ a segment of the population experi­ CILITIES 50th anniversary. encing an unemployment rate of not SEc. 4. Section 30Ha> of the Act is The CCC was authorized in 1933, just 10 percent or even 20 percent­ amended by striking out "1982" and insert­ and at its peak, there were 452 park but more than 50 percent. The way to ing in lieu thereof "1986" and by striking camps all across the Nation, with begin to address this debilitating prob­ out "1983" and inserting in lieu thereof 90,000 men establishing and improving "1987". the parks of our country. The proof of lem is to extend and strengthen the Section 302 of the Act is amended Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amend­ by striking out "1982" and inserting in lieu the program's success and accomplish­ ed. thereof "1986". ments are still very evident today. It Our country cannot afford to lose Section 304 of the Act is amended has been said, that the CCC sent the the productive potential of millions of by redesignating the second subsection (d) State park movement forward 50 disabled Americans who eagerly seek as subsection . years. the opportunity to work and become (2) Section 304(e) of the Act by striking out in the first sentence and recreation agenda unparalleled in human aspects of their individual self­ "and" after "1981," and by inserting imme­ our Nation's history. Trails, reclama­ fulfillment. I ask my colleagues' sup­ diately before the period the following: ", tion, bridges, recreational facilites, and port for H.R. 2177, the Rehabilitation and such sums as may be necessary for so forth, were completed by the CCC Act Extension of 1983. fiscal years 1984, 1985, and 1986"; and in State parks all over the Nation. Mr. Speaker, the following is the by striking out the second sentence. Thus encouraged, States that owned text of my legislation: (d) Section 305(g) of the Act is amended by striking out "the fiscal year ending Sep­ no State parks developed entirely new H.R. 2177 tember 30, 1979, and for the three succeed­ park systeiDS. Importantly, projects Be it enacted by the Senate and House of ing fiscal years" and inserting in lieu there­ were thoughtfully designed, and car­ Representatives of the United States of of "fiscal year 1984, and for the two suc­ ried out by CCC enrollees who grew America in Congress assembled, ceeding fiscal years". more skillful with experience. SHORT TITLE Section 310 of the Act is amended I think there is very good reason to SECTION. 1. This Act may be cited as the by striking out "1982" and inserting in lieu "Rehabilitation Act Extension of 1983". thereof "1986". recognize the CCC on the program's (f) Section 313(e) of the Act is amended by 50th anniversary. We will not forget EXTENSION OF AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIA­ striking out "1982" and inserting in lieu the miles of roads built, the trails, the TIONS FOR VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION thereof "1986". SERVICES telephone lines, the fire prevention EXTENSION OF AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIA­ work, the corrective planting, or scores SEc. 2. (a)(l) Section 100(b)(l) of the Re­ TIONS FOR ARCHITECTURAL AND TRANSPORTA­ habilitation Act of 1973 Section 617 of the Act is amend­ for each succeeding fiscal year.". ed by striking out "and" after "1981," and 6684 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1983 OAKLAND PRESS CALLS FREEZE holocaust would be more, not less, likely to peace of mind knowing I can get necessary AN OBSTACLE TO ARMS RE­ occur. medical help immediately. DUCTIONS If a freeze actually were imposed political­ A daughter in the Johnstown area ly in this country, it would interfere both wrote this about her mother's experi­ with our ability to deter war with the Sovi­ HON. WM. S. BROOMFIELD ets by continuing to arm to match their cur­ ence with Lifeline: OF MICHIGAN rent strength and to deter it at a lesser, but I am an only child, and there is no other IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES balanced level through arms reductions. family in the area so I would not have been The intent of freeze supporters is that the able to leave mom alone while I worked, etc. Tuesday, March 22, 1983 Soviets would also comply, or no dice. without Lifeline. In November, she had a e Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, The problem, however, is that there is no more extensive CV A VIN WEBER ricultural sector in other countries, es­ ing fuels. Trade in agricultural prod­ OF MINNESOTA pecially in the Third World, actually ucts is an essential part of our econo­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES leads to increases in demand for im­ my at home and abroad, with tremen­ ported food. Raising incomes in these dous implications for our relations Tuesday, March 22, 1983 nations through greater productivity with other nations. It is our responsi­ • Mr. WEBER. Mr. Speaker, millions is as beneficial to our farmers as it is bility to see that this Government de­ of well-intentioned Americans have to theirs. signs and implements an agricultural made their vkices heard in recent One and one-half billion dollars have policy that will meet the needs of the months by supporting a nuclear arms been cut from food and nutrition pro­ American people now and for the freeze. Millions of other well-inten­ grams. These reductions cannot help future.e tioned Americans, like me, have a but aggravate the problems of those great deal of difficulty supporting this already suffering from the current SONG OF THE CENTURY kind of proposal. economic situation. The inconsisten­ Each side needs to lower its voice cies are painful-farmers distributing and reach an agreement with the surplus produce to the unemployed HON. ROBERT A. BORSKI other on a proposal that will at once and lines of urban poor waiting to re­ OF PENNSYLVANIA protect this great Nation's security ceive handouts of cheese. We are cut­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES while making the chance of nuclear ting back the food stamp program, Tuesday, March 22, 1983 war less likely. only to witness revival of the direct The Minneapolis Star and Tribune handout and the soup kitchen. e Mr. BORSKI. Mr. Speaker, I rise to last Sunday presented a very sensible In the National Weather Service pay tribute to the man who literally critique of the nuclear freeze debate who would remove themselves ations, Research, and Foreign Agricul­ screenplays, recordings, and books. from the struggle between good and evil. ture Subcommittee of the Committee Presently he is a member of the Such intemperate and ill-foundered at­ on Agriculture, I will be conducting American Society of Composer and tacks demean the president, not the people oversight hearings on a wide range of Author Publishers, the American who challenge his views. But many of the USDA programs. We will do our Film, Television and Radio Artists, the challengers have made themselves vulnera­ ble to the valid charge that they are pursu­ utmost to separate the successful from American Guild of Authors and Com­ ing a chimera rather than offering useful the unsuccessful efforts and encour­ posers, and the Screen Actors Guild, ideas for arms control. That realization may age innovative ways of approaching and has been responsible for the dis­ have dawned in the House. The vote on a critical problems. Mr. Chairman, I re­ covery and rise of many young artists freeze resolution, expected last week, was alize the enormous pressure to reduce in show business. deferred until next month after floor debate March 22, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6687 exposed some of the resolution's muddy in the contest competing for the five love, self-discipline and respect for opinions; concepts. national scholarships which are if we'll sacrifice time, effort, and wrong pri­ A clear statement of the underlying con­ awarded as top prizes. The contest orities, then we'll win this war, and our tradiction came from Speaker Thomas P. country will be a little stronger because of O'Neill. The freeze is a vote of conscience, theme this year was "Youth-Ameri­ it. And as the nation grows stronger, so will he said, and it need not have much influ­ ca's Strength." we-we'll truly be America's strength.e ence on future votes for arms programs. In I would like to take this opportunity other words, Congress can have it both to congratulate the winner from ways. Demand that the superpowers stop South Carolina, who also happens to PERSONAL EXPLANATION building nuclear weapons; later on, approve be from my district. Robert R. Jones the weapons the majority thinks necessary. IV is an outstanding young man whose HON. ESTEBAN EDWARD TORRES The debate is as muddy as the freeze. The patriotism sets an example we all freeze is muddy because it's supposed to be could follow. I am pleased to offer his OF CALIFORNIA simple, but isn't. The House resolution calls IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for a mutual and verifiable halt to the test­ prize-winning speech for us all to ing, production and further deployment of enjoy. Tuesday, March 22, 1983 all kinds of nuclear weapons, and says the 1983 VOICE OF DEMOCRACY SCHOLARSHIP e Mr. TORRES. Mr. Speaker, I was halt which will II. HISTORY OF THE COMMITTEE restaurants; but not private homes, al­ oversee the program, argue that it is Since its creation on May 18, 1982 the Nu­ though some residents may invite evacuees possible to save over 80 percent of the clear Crisis Relocation Advisory Committee in. These shelters would then have to have population through such a crisis relo­ and is not currently at (6) CRP is not only impractical, it is also work on one. likely to have its own negative conse­ est casualities of this recession. Eco­ (3) A number of questionable assumptions quences. If CRP is seen as a trump or a bar­ nomically, we are down. But, in spite seem to underly the federal/state CR.P: for gaining chip in superpower negotiations, it of all our economic hardship, our spir­ example, that a nuclear attack on this coun­ can be politically destabilizing and actually its are up and we continue to pioneer try would be preceded by a period of mount­ increase the chance of war. CRP might also innovative ideas for a better future. ing tension, so that Crisis Relocation might make nuclear war seem more thinkable, in­ One such idea is the residential energy begin one week prior to any attack; that evitable, or survivable in the minds of the evaluation program being developed most citizens would voluntarily leave their American public. by the Washington State Shelter In­ homes upon receipt of evacuation orders; (7) At a public hearing on June 10, 1982, dustry Advisory Committee chaired by that populations themselves The logisitcal problems involved in Boulder, Colo., Houston, Texas, Greensboro, the shelter industry, are developing a transporting the residents of Bergen N.C., Little Rock, Ark., and Sacramento, Ga. residential energy evaluation program County up to 210 miles into New York State aimed at integrating energy consider­ and Pennsydvania, as called dor if the CONCLUSION ations into the mortgage loan process. present plafs, are extraordinary and unprec­ The Committee's view is that Crisis Relo­ The program is now underway in my edented. Mass flight by private car out cation Planning is not a valid or feasible Reute 4 and up Route 17 own State of Oregon with the support contribution towards the prevention of or of State Savings and Loan League, ap­ would produce literally unmanageable protection from the potential destruction of chaos. Everybgdy knows what Route 17 is civilization and even of life itself by nuclear praisers, builders, and utilities. like at rush hour. To maiftain Bergen war. What is unique about this program County residents in host areas for a mini­ is its attempt to bring together the di­ mum of seven days at best based on World War II thinking, or versity of efforts in the area of energy weeks and months) would be beyond the ca­ and housing and establish a program pabilities gf host area officials and institu­ on naivete about the realities of a nuclear tions. In some instances host area officials holocaust, and <2> at worst a political ploy that can be used by the shelter indus­ have rejected FEMA plans as impractical. based on dangerous logic which makes the try as a whole. (5) Crisis Relocation planners are far too international situation even more threaten­ What is so valuable about this pro­ optimistic about the chances for post-attack ing. The Nuclear Crisis Relocation Advisory gram is its potential to both promote survival, even assuming that populations Committee feels that the only real defense energy conservation and make home­ reached host areas. It is agreed that risk against nuclear war is prevention.• ownership attainable for more Ameri­ areas would be completely devastated, but cans. even in host areas communications systems The energy evaluation program pro­ might be knocked out by the electromagnet­ PERSONAL EXPLANATION ic pulse, transportation systems might be in­ vides appraisers with a standard operative, and petroleum supplies soon ex­ method for rating the energy efficien­ hausted; food would be unavailable, virtual­ HON. ED BETHUNE cy of a home. An energy efficient ly all injuries and radiation sickness would home enhances a homeowner's ability go untreated, starvation would be wide­ OF ARKANSAS to make monthly mortgage payments spread, epidemics uncontrollable, and eco­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES because less income is required for logical catastrophe likely -but proposed for duty-free it deserves. derness bill. status under the administration's Car­ Without the consideration for Ha­ Had I been present, I would have ibbean Basin Initiative-continue to waii's products granted by my bill, I voted "aye," on adopting the rule.e have duties imposed upon entry to the cannot support any Caribbean Basin United States. This means that the Initiative.e LAST WORD ON THE MIDDLE following products would not be al­ EAST lowed to come into this country under MOBILIZATION FOR ANIMALS duty-free status: Papaya, pineapple, macadamia nuts, and ginger root. This HON. MARK D. SIIJANDER legislation is of critical importance to HON. TOM LANTOS OF MICHIGAN the future of diversified agriculture in OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES my State. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, March 22, 1983 As many of my colleagues may Tuesday, March 22, 1983 know, we in Hawaii are making every e Mr. SIL.JANDER. Mr. Speaker, it is attempt to diversify our agricultural e Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, on April my privilege to draw attention to the base in order to achieve essential eco­ 24 thousands of citizens will gather book, "The Last Word on the Middle nomic growth and stability for our throughout the Nation to express East" by Derek Prince. · island economy. It is obvious that their views regarding animal experi­ Derek Prince has devoted a great many of our agricultural products are mentation in a "Mobilization for Ani­ part of his life to studying and the import-sensitive. Therefore, it is criti­ mals." teaching of the Bible. He is interna­ cally important that these products be The issue of animal experimentation tionally recognized as one of the lead­ exempted from any legislation which has a profound moral dimension to it. ing Bible expositors of our time. He establishes a Caribbean Basin Initia­ In this area, more than in any other, has authored 20 books, most of which tive. In Hawaii, we simply cannot com­ we speak and act for those who have have been translated into several for­ pete with an unrestricted flow of for­ no means of defending themselves. eign languages. eign agricultural products from the Not just their welfare, but their lives, Nondenominational and nonsectar­ Caribbean Basin-especially since are in our hands. ian in his approach, Mr. Prince has a many of these products compete suc­ Public disillusionment with science prophetic insight into the significance cessfully with the same products in general is increasing year by year. of current events, especially those in grown at home in Hawaii. Never before has there been such a the Middle East. The President's Caribbean Basin Ini­ tide of moral outrage over what we I strongly recommend this book to tiative bill asks Hawaii to compete have seen and heard is happening in my colleagues. As a member of the with foreign agricultural producers our Nation's animal laboratories. How­ Foreign Affairs Committee, I have whose labor, land, and other costs are ever, what we face today is not a cru­ become keenly aware of the signifi­ much lower than ours. Our experience sade against science per se. Rather, it cance of this work to events now un­ with sugar and pineapple is a perfect is a movement set on defining our folding in the Middle East. Mr. Prince example. In recent years we have seen needs and determining how best to fill gives a firsthand account of the aston­ a steady decline in sugarcane and pine­ them without resorting to inhumane ishing birth of the modern State of apple acreage, as well as a significant and uncivilized means. It is a sign that Israel against all odds. His research number of plantation closings. All this we are entering a new age of social and carries us through a fast-paced over­ is attributable to foreign competition. ethical considerations, for we now seek view of the enemies and events that Now, when we have a strong need to knowledge and benefit uncontaminat­ have swept the Jewish pe-ople along a expand our agricultural base into di­ ed by brutality. tumultuous, heartbreaking course for versified crops such as papaya, maca­ I believe with all my heart that 2,000 years. damia nuts, or ginger root, the Reagan those who champion the advancement I commend Mr. Prince on his work administration is asking us to accept of science and those who safeguard and insight into the Middle East. In an unrestricted flow of foreign agricul­ the lives and well-being of animals are fact, I am so impressed with his in­ tural products which compete with not in separate camps. Indeed, they sight that I have distributed to all the Hawaii's production. This is hardly eq­ must concentrate on their commonal­ members of the European and Middle uitable. ities and work together to achieve im­ East Subcommittee a copy of the You may also note that this legisla­ provements in both areas. Progress book. It is my hope that the rest of my tion does not contain a specific exemp- can only come from the elimination of March 22, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6695 unnecessary animal use and suffering. By 1982, the new estimated cost was $368 I look forward to working with you on this I am convinced that there is room for million, an increase of more than 500 per­ matter and you will have my full coopera­ enormous improvement in how we cent since the Feasibility Study was submit­ tion to that end. conduct animal experimentation in ted to the Congress. For each of the 77,000 Sincerely, this country, and I believe there is a acres to be irrigated, this represents a feder­ DAVID E. BONIOR, al cost of more than $4,500-or $1.2 million Member of Congress.e role for the much greater participa­ for each of the approximately 300 farms tion of the public in securing these im­ . that would receive project benefits. provements. Since 1981, the project cost has exceeded COMMEMORATION OF COMDR. The Mobilization for Animals, the its legal cost ceiling, posing still additional KENNETH A. PIERCE first major international coalition of problems. individuals and animal protection If the project is permitted to proceed, it HON. FOFO I. F. SUNIA will destroy the Niobrara River and its groups ever formed in our history, is OF AMERICAN SAMOA picking up that torch of public consci­ unique character as a confluence of six dis­ entiousness. We should not be afraid tinct ecosystems. The environmental loss is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of these developments, nor scorn inestimable. Tuesday, March 22, 1983 If built, the project water derived is de­ them. We must open our minds to the signed to increase corn and wheat produc­ • Mr. SUNIA. Mr. Speaker, today I ideas and goals of so many of our con­ tion in the area. Presently, the USDA is join my constituents from American stituents, united now in a cause that paying the same farmers not to grow these Samoa in honoring one of our terri­ will inevitably lead to the betterment commodities. In fact, last year Nebraska tory's greatest diplomats, Lt. Comdr. of the human and nonhuman condi­ farmers destroyed 400,000 acres of corn to Kenneth A. Pierce. tion. comply with this federal program. The con­ Commander Pierce is admired by our I urge you all to join with me in tradiction in federal spending policies is people because he accomplished what working toward that day.e staggering. no other diplomatic Navy leader could. Unlike some projects which enjoy over­ He was responsible for the orderly whelming enthusiasm in their home states, LETTER TO COMMITTEE the O'Neill project does not have that sup­ transfer of the largest number of Sa­ CHAIRMAN UDALL port. The congressional delegation is divid­ moans to Hawaii and the United ed. In fact, Congressman Douglas K. Bereu­ States. ter released a critical economic report on His efforts have enabled numerous HON. DAVID E. BONIOR the project in 1981. I have reviewed that Samoans to have the opportunities OF MICHIGAN report and recommend that the Committee that are offered in our land, not only IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES review it as well. in the area of employment, but par­ Tuesday, March 22, 1983 Further, the people of Nebraska, in an un­ ticularly in education. He was a cata­ precedented fashion, have spoken. In the e Mr. BONIOR of Michigan. Mr. lyst that brought our people here and last year, the Nebraska Water Conservation has helped Samoan youth to acquire Speaker, yesterday I introduced H.R. Council has talked with citizens throughout 2195, a bill to deauthorize the O'Neill the state concerning the project. More than higher educational goals that could unit of the Missouri River Basin 50,000 residents have signed a petition not be achieved in our territory that project in Nebraska. As an addendum urging that the project be de-authorized. has been short on academic facilities. to my remarks yesterday, I would like Various polls, taken in the last several Commander Pierce was afforded the to submit for the REcoRD the text of years, have reached the same conclusion: chance to assist us because of his as­ my letter to Chairman UDALL regard­ the project lacks support at home. signment by President Harry Truman ing this legislation and commend it to In addition to lacking support at home, it to take command of the Samoan naval the attention of my colleagues. now lacks support in the Congress. It is im­ personnel in the early 1950's. Prior to portant to examine the vote of last Decem­ this experience, he served with the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, ber. Please consider the following: Washington, D.C., February 24, 1983. U.S. Navy as a personnel officer in The Nebraska Congressional delegation is Pearl Harbor. He also held command Hon. MoRRIS K. UDALL, divided on the matter; Chairman, Committee on Interior and Insu­ The project was rejected by a 101-vote positions as Naval Reserve officer at lar Affairs, Longworth House Office margin in the House last year; the U.S. Naval Training Station in Building. A majority of Democrats voted against the Newport, R.I., at Fleet Sonar School DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: Shortly, I will be in­ project; in Key West, Fla., and at the Naval troducing legislation to de-authorize the A majority of Republicans voted against Ammunition Depot in Hastings, Nev. O'Neill Unit, Pick-Sloan Missouri Basin Pro­ the project; Without the service of Commander gram. Last December, during the lame duck A majority of westerners voted against the Pierce our chance to achieve further session of the Congress, the House over­ project; whelmingly rejected all construction fund­ development could have been delayed ing for this project by a vote of 245-144. A majority of the Interior Committee far beyond the time of his leadership. The House should now move promptly to voted against the project; and Along with American Samoans, I de-authorize this project. A majority of the Public Works Commit­ wish to commemorate Comdr. Ken­ As you may recall, the Energy and Water tee voted against the project. Even the Appropriations Committee was neth A. Pierce, a man of honor and a Development Appropriations bill was not man who offered us hope.e brought before the House. When the con­ deeply divided on this matter, a highly un­ tinuing resolution was considered, an usual situation. Committee members fa­ amendment to strike current and previously vored the project by only a 26-24 margin. AMERICAN PRODUCTIVITY appropriated funding was offered by myself Mr. Chairman, by any objective standard and Congressman Thomas B. Evans, Jr. of review, this project fails every test. Per­ In August of 1968, pursuant to the 1954 haps three decades ago when first author­ HON. DON BONKER authorization, the Bureau of Reclamation's ized it was a reasonable project. However, OF WASmNGTON Feasibility Study for this project was for­ the magnitude of the problems confronting IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mally submitted to the Congress. Your com­ this project inexorably leads one to the con­ mittee published that report-House Docu­ clusion that it should be terminated. Tuesday, March 22, 1983 ment 378. When first presented to the Con­ The substantive and political problems • Mr. BONKER. Mr. Speaker, during gress, the O'Neill Unit was estimated to cost seem insuperable. There are economically the past several months, I have served $68.8 million, or $894 per acre. and environmentally viable alternatives In 1972, the project was re-authorized by which could be considered but, as of this as chairman of a special task force of the Congress. By then, the costs had writing, have not been given serious atten­ the Washington Coordinating Council climbed to $113.3 million. Four years later, tion by the principal sponsor. on Productivity to address a productiv­ in 1976, repayment contracts were executed Therefore, the Interior Committee is ity issue that is of particular concern and the project costs had jumped to $144 urged to make the adoption of this legisla­ to me-easing the adversarial relation­ million. tion a top priority in 1983. ships which exist between American 6696 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1983 labor, management, and Government. grams to their localities. For those lo­ the peculiarities of each community, After several meetings in which we ex­ calities in which the Representatives we will attempt to move cooperative amined this issue, this task force has are unacceptable to either labor or labor-management programs up the reached a consensus on two propos­ business, one of the Senators, if ac­ agenda of the national organizations als-one which calls for the expansion ceptable, will be asked to be the cata­ affected by such programs. In this of cooperative labor/management pro­ lyst. In those localities where the regard, a bipartisan group of influen­ grams nationwide, the other which Member and Senators are unaccept­ tial Senators and Members will hold a calls for a demonstration project of able the Governor or mayor will be ap­ series of meetings with the national how laws can be enacted through a proached if one is appropriate. leadership of the union movement, the consensus of the involved parties. I The elected official selected to act as business community, the mayors, the would like to enter these proposals a catalyst will be asked first to meet Governors, the foundations and na­ into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD at this with a labor leader and business leader tional service groups. Those Senators time. from their commuillty that may be and Members who have the greatest The future of the American econo­ open to the idea of cooperative labor­ influence with each of these groups my and the American worker is de­ management programs. The Washing­ will call the meeting and ask those at­ pendent on our competitive position in ton Coordinating Council on Produc­ tending to pass on to their member­ the world market. That position will tivity will provide each official acting ship the magnitude of the problem be greatly enhanced as the level of co­ as a catalyst with the names of their and to encourage their participation in operation between our Nation's labor, community's progressive labor and the local efforts to solve it. management, and Government business leaders. The council will de­ One year after the beginning of this reaches that of some of our major velop such a list through our work effort to promote cooperative labor­ competitors. It is estimated, for exam­ with labor's and business' national management programs, a survey will ple, that on any given day, for every leadership in Washington, D.C. be conducted of those who attended one Japanese job idled because of a The catalyst will ask these communi­ strike, there are 30 American jobs un­ ty leaders to lend their support to his the community meetings to determine manned due to a strike in this country. larger meeting of labor and business the program's impact. Both labor and management would be leaders from that community. The 6-MONTH DEMONSTRATION PROJECT better off if they could realize their agenda for this larger meeting will in­ This proposal calls for a 6-month ends without such strikes. clude a presentation of information re­ demonstration project of how laws We believe that the proposals being garding the magnitude of the difficul­ could be enacted and regulations pro­ submitted today will be effective in ties caused by our adversarial labor­ mulgated through a consensus deci­ easing this traditionally adversarial management relations. It will also in­ sionmaking process rather than the environment. They can be implement­ clude a presentation of examples of a adversarial approach which Washing­ ed in the short term and at little or no broad array of successful cooperative ton policymakers have traditionally additional cost to the taxpayer. labor-management programs. Particu­ employed. The productivity situation in this lar emphasis will be placed on labor­ Two policy problems have been se­ country is critical. It is not, however, management committees, both com­ lected on which the Washington Co­ the result of a single problem, but of munitywide and within companies and ordinating Council on Productivity many subtle causes and there is no one organizations. will attempt to develop a solution by solution. The case histories presented will be consensus-the Foreign Corrupt Prac­ Each of us must act now in doing drawn from areas as close to each par­ tices Act and how our country should whatever we can to return our Na­ ticular locality as possible. The De­ handle the retraining of displaced tion's productivity growth rate to its partment of Labor and other organiza­ workers. The criteria for selection of traditional levels. The National Asso­ tions knowledgeable about successful these two issues are: First, they have ciation of Broadcasters estimates that cooperative labor-management pro­ repeatedly failed resolution through just a one-half percent increase in our grams have agreed to contribute to the the standard adversarial process in productivity growth rate means $13.25 meeting's presentation. Washington, second, all interested par­ billion in additional pretax income for Participants will be surveyed at the ties are readily identifiable, and third, the work force. end of the meeting to determine on nearly all parties have an interest in The following proposals represent which cooperative labor-management finding a solution. our efforts to tackle just one part of programs they would like more infor­ This consensus effort will bring to­ the productivity problem. mation. The Department of Labor's di­ gether in a series of meetings all of As we move forward with these pro­ vision of cooperative labor-manage­ the parties which have been active in posals I urge each of you to lend your ment programs has agreed to provide that particular subject. In these meet­ strong support and encourage your such followup material to the elected ings the coordinating council would constituents to do likewise. official action as a catalyst. This mate­ seek to educate each participant about MEDIATED LABOR-MANAGEMENT PROGRAM rial will include explanatory informa­ the validity of the other side's position In recent years, innovative business tion about the programs, the names of and the fact that their well-being is to and labor leaders in the United States organizations which have successfully some degree dependent on a resolution have initiated cooperative labor-man­ implemented these programs, opportu­ of the problem. agement programs at their worksites nities for site visits, and the names of During the 6 months of these "off and communities. These programs organizations that can provide train­ the record" meetings the group will have been instrumental in increasing ing courses on these subjects. carefully craft the various provisions productivity, improving the quality of The elected official will designate a of the legislation so that they accom­ working life, and generating a more staff member who will attempt to modate group member concerns that cooperative climate of labor-manage­ secure from those involved in the prove to be legitimate. The final prod­ ment relations. The following program meeting an individual who will take on uct should be a consensus document. is designed to increase the awareness the ongoing job of creating a commu­ The Congress and the executive and expansion of such cooperative ef­ nitywide labor-management commit­ branch cannot in isolation possess the forts. tee. The elected official will personally experience and expertise to decide Members of Congress who have good try to persuade one of the community about the value of provisions of com­ working relationships with labor and leaders to follow through in this plex legislation. The Nation's best ex­ business in their community will be worthy effort. perts that they would normally con­ asked to act as catalysts for bringing As a backdrop to the above described sult will be, in this case, the drafters cooperative labor-management pro- approach of tailoring each effort to fit of the legislation. Thus, the adminis- March 22, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6697 tration and the Congress will be dis­ subsoil and the superjacent waters and with Second, the United States will exercise posed to act far more favorably with regard to other activities for the economic and assert its navigation and overflight this bill than with a normal bill. The exploitation and exploration of the zone, rights and freedoms on a worldwide basis in such as the production of energy from the a manner that is consistent with the bal­ path to enactment will be much water, currents and winds; and (b) jurisdic­ ance of interests reflected in the Conven­ smoother and faster.e tion with regard to the establishment and tion. The United States will not, however, use of artificial islands, and installations acquiesce in unilateral acts of other States EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE and structures having economic purposes, designed to restrict the rights and freedoms and the protection and preservation of the of the international community in naviga­ marine environment. · tion and overflight and other related high HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN This Proclamation does not change exist­ seas uses. OF NEW YORK ing United States policies concerning the Third, I am proclaiming today an Exclu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES continental shelf, marine mammals and sive Economic Zone in which the United fisheries, including highly migratory species States will exercise sovereign rights in living Tuesday, March 22, 1983 of tuna which are not subject to United and non-living resources within 200 nautical e Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, on States jurisdiction and require international Iniles of its coast. This will provide United March 10, President Reagan issued a agreements for effective management. States jurisdiction for mineral resources out The United States will exercise these sov­ to 200 nautical Iniles that are not on the proclamation of an exclusive economic ereign rights and jurisdiction in accordance zone and the National Security Council as witness the Feb. 21 Op-Ed articles by Advisory Committee on the Law of the Sea who retire receiving supplemental re­ Edwin Meese ("Seabed? No, Bed of Nails") <1977-82).). tirement benefits of any type will pay and Clifton Curtis <"Sign the Law of the additional taxes. There is no grand­ Sea Treaty"). Both miss the point. The 400- fathering for plans or agreements al­ plus articles of this treaty are not primarily, SOCIAL SECURITY TAXES AND ready in place. Employees currently or even secondarily, about seabed mining, EMPLOYEE BENEFITS receiving such payments will be sub­ but what stranger to this excruciating ject to this additional tax despite the debate would have a clue? HON. LARRY McDONALD The real issue is whether, on balance, U.S. fact that when the agreement was en­ interests are better served by a broadly ac­ OF GEORGIA tered and the plan was established cepted agreement on the rules to be applied IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES such amounts were expected to be to a wide variety of ocean uses, most of Tuesday, March 22, 1983 exempt from tax. them of greater importance than seabed The deferred compensation subject mining, or by being isolated with a view of e Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, in the near future we will have the op­ to tax is also considered as wages for customary international law which is uncer­ purposes of the retirement test. tain in some areas and inapplicable in portunity to vote on the conference others. report of the Social Security Act Hence, if wages exceed the limit­ In the 1960's, increasing numbers of coun­ Amendments of 1983. While quite a bit $6,600 in 1983-social security benefits tries were claiming jurisdiction of one sort has already been said about the vari­ are reduced 50 cents for each dollar or another out as far as 200 miles, under­ ous provisions of the bill, I do not be­ over the limit. The result is a confisca­ mining the concept of "freedom of the seas" lieve that there is a sufficient under­ tory tax of up to 107 percent in com­ beyond a narrow three-mile limit, a matter bined income and social security tax of vital strategic concern for the naval standing of the effect that the House forces of the two superpowers. The problem passed bill and the other body's pro­ on deferred compensation-7 percent was further complicated when the United posals will have on employee benefits. social security tax, 50 percent income Nations pronounced some undefined area The Social Security Act Amend­ tax, and 50 percent loss of social secu­ "the common heritage of mankind" and ments of 1983 will significantly in­ rity benefits. called for another conference on the law of crease the amount of wages subject to Accordingly, I urge my colleagues to the sea. FICA tax by requiring the inclusion of review the employee benefit tax provi­ At that conference, the U.S. achieved its sions of the Social Security Act major goals. First among these was the employee fringe benefits in wages sub­ preservation of rights of submerged transit ject to the tax. Thus, company cars, Amendments of 1983 and then ask and overflight of narrow straits like Gibral­ subsidized travel, em:ployee stock pur­ their constituents, the taxpayers, if tar, which would become territorial waters chase programs, awards, et cetera, they approve of these attempted back­ by an extension of the territorial sea from 3 would become taxable. This will result door tax increases.e 6700 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1983 COMPETITION AND DIVERSITY command high ratings, remained weak ful. It would reinforce a control that IN THE TELEVISION MARKET­ and few in number. has diminished slightly over the last PLACE Adoption of the rules changed televi­ decade. And it would drive a lot of sion's landscape. For producers, the fledgling independent stations right HON.HENRYA.W~AN rules meant they could retain their out of business. OF CALIFORNIA rights and sell their programs to any The financial interest and syndica­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES station. It meant increased revenue tion rules are too important to be ac­ and independence, thus enabling them corded the casual treatment the FCC Tuesday, March 22, 1983 to experiment with innovative pro­ seems inclined to give them. The rules • Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, today graming. must stay in effect. I am joined by Representative TIM For independent stations, the rules Mr. Speaker, the Washington Post WIRTH, chairman of the Energy and meant opportunities to bid for popular has recently printed an editorial Commerce Committee's Telecommuni­ programs that could attract viewers column on the importance of the fi­ cations, Consumer Protection, and Fi­ and advertisers, thus strengthening nancial interest and syndication rules, nance Subcommittee, Representative them for competition with network af­ and I am inserting it in the RECORD. I CARLOS MOORHEAD, and 37 other House filiates for prime-time audiences. am also inserting a letter written in Members in introducing legislation In television, more is better. And the opposition to repeal by the National that insures maximum competition rules have brought more of every­ Education Association, a group con­ and diversity in the television market­ thing. Now there are more programs cerned with quality children's televi­ place. created by more producers that can be sion and the largest organization of Our bill keeps in effect FCC regula­ sold to more stations than ever before. educators in the country, in the tions that prohibit the three major Television viewers are enjoying an television networks from controlling ever growing pool of competition and RECORD. the domestic rerun rights to programs diversity. The article and letter follows: they broadcast and thereby diminish­ Despite this good news, all is not [From the Washington Post, Jan. 28, 19831 ing competition and diversity. These well with television. The three major THE NETWORKS WANT IT ALL BACK regulations, known as the financial in­ networks still capture over 80 percent upon which independent sta­ Washington, D.C., January 26, 1983. ducing legislation which would strip tions depend. Indeed, during the decade the Hon. MARK S. FowLER, Chairman, Federal Communications Com­ the Federal Communications Commis­ rule has been in effect, independent stations sion of authority for a 5-year period to have become increasingly viable and their mission, Washington, D. C. number has doubled. DEAR CHAIRMAN FoWLER: The National repeal the network financial interest, At the same time, producers have become Education Association supports the reten­ syndication, and prime-time access more willing to risk larger investment in tion of the network financial interest and rules. As Chairman of the Telecom­ new shows, knowing that the financial re­ syndication rules, 47 C.F.R 73.658(j). These munications, Consumer Protection wards for later off-network showing will not rules, which prevent the three television and Finance Subcommittee, I strongly be diluted by forced surrender of part of the networks from obtaining domestic or for­ believe that this bill deals with one of profits to the networks. There has been a 51 eign syndication rights or any financial in­ the most important communications percent increase in syndication program terest in the subsequent non-network broad­ policy questions the Nation now faces. suppliers. A first-run syndication market cast of network television programs, are also has developed in which specials and vital to the access opportunities of special I am cosponsoring this legislation with series, such as "A Woman Called Golda" interest producers who design television Congressman WAXMAN in order to help and "P.M. Magazine" are produced and sold programs. As you know, the DEA is con­ focus congressional attention on this directly to non-network station groups. In cerned about the dearth of good television critical issue. other words, the rule has worked to expand programs targeted to children and minority The financial interest and syndica­ program choices and competition on over­ audiences. tion rules, as well as the prime-time the-air television. The Commission has suggested that the access rules, were adopted in the early A competing video marketplace of new availability of alternative broadcast sources 1970's to address the problems posed technologies also is beginning to emerge, such as cable, STV, DBS, etc., will compen­ by the overwhelming dominance of but the networks remain dominant. Their sate for specialized programming that may the three commercial television net­ 82 percent share of total viewing is project­ be reduced or eliminated from the networks ed to remain above 70 percent by 1990, works-ABC, CBS, and NBC. As both as a result of the repeal of these rules. No purchasers and distributors of pro­ when ABC forecasts the networks will reach evidence supports that suggestion. With a greater number of viewers than today be­ only 30 percent of all TV households wired gramming, it is clear that the domi­ cause of the rapid growth in television for cable, and an unknown future for nance of the networks remains. Yet, households. The FCC, the Justice Depart­ the Federal Communications Commis­ ment and a 1981 House committee staff new technology penetration, it is unrealistic and premature for the FCC to eliminate sion has initiated a rulemaking to report have concluded, respectively, that repeal the financial interest and syndi­ cable television creates no applicable diver­ current regulation. The very audiences who sion of network viewing, that cable pro­ will be forced to seek programming on a pay cation rules-rules which continue to grams are not substantially competitive TV service instead of a free network are the play a vital role in protecting the with network p_rograms and that there are most disadvantaged and disenfranchised au­ public interest, and the prime-time no realistic competitive alternatives to the dience-low income families and children. access rule has been the target of networks now or in the near future. Mean­ Since NEA presented concerns about chil­ repeal efforts in the recent past. while, ABC and NBC are reporting in­ dren's television last January, there has I have consistently stated that there creased profits from television operations. been a severe decline in the quantity of chil­ are two fundamental communications Only CBS, whose profits rose by 25 percent dren's programs on network television. policy objectives which must be ad­ in 1981, reported a recent decline, due in Indeed, the only sustaining programs de­ part to its own unsuccessful CBS Cable ven­ signed for children which are broadcast in dressed above all others. The first is to ture-which suggests inflated expectations communities around the country during the promote and encourage competition in for this new technology on the part of CBS. week are syndicated programs. If the finan­ the marketplace. The second is to pro­ Repeal of the FCC rule also is being bally­ cial interest and syndication rules are re­ vide the American public with the hooed as deregulation. Yet the premise of pealed, we believe that the independent pro­ widest possible diversity of programing deregulation is that the public interest is ducers, many of whom are financially de­ sources. served best through a free and fair competi­ pendent upon the profits from the distribu­ It is true that the video marketplace tive marketplace. It was precisely because tion of their programs, will not be able to is becoming increasingly competitive. the marketplace was distorted through an compete with the major networks in distrib­ But the three commercial networks unhealthy concentration of network control uting programs to local TV stations. Since that the rule was instituted. Scuttling it still command a dominant share-over the networks have already proven their dis­ 80 percent-of the viewing audience. now will restore the networks' ability and interest in producing good programming for incentives to compete unfairly by using children, we have little doubt that they will At some point in the future the net­ their monopoly powers. change that attitude in distributing to the works, which today clearly remain The consequences would be diminished dominant as program buyers and dis­ competition in the television industry, a child audience. The local stations, which have financially supported the syndication tributors, may no longer occupy such crippling of the emerging first-run syndica­ positions of dominance, and repeal of tion sector, the elimination of most inde­ of "The Great Space Coaster," "Mr. Moon's pendent syndicators, a serious weakening of Magic Circus," "Lome Green's Adventure," these rules may then be justified. independent stations and stifled innovation to name a few, may find that the menu of However, the time for repeal of these and diversity in television programming. children's programs offered to them by net­ rules is clearly not now. CBS' own pro­ Anti-trust actions-which are lengthy and work syndicators are merely a duplication of jections put network audience share at expensive-would be virtually useless in pre­ the programs which are currently available 70 percent by 1990. Under this legisla­ venting or reversing this. to children during the week on the net­ tion the FCC's authority to repeal Yet the issue is larger than concentration works-soap operas. these rules would only be stripped of economic power or the FCC pulling the Therefore, the NEA would like to be in­ until June 30, 1988. rug out from under those who in good faith cluded in the record of comments for FCC entered the television marketplace on the BC Docket No. 82-345 in support of there­ Right now, only about 30 percent of basis of the rule's protection against unfair tention of the network financial interest the Nation's homes have cable, most competition. Repeal would result in the net­ and syndication rules. low power television licenses have not works' having creative control over the con­ Sincerely, yet been granted, even the inception tent of all television programs, raising pro- ROBERT E. HARMAN.e of DBS is still a few years away and 6702 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1983 only about 2 percent of the United are repealed there is a significant pos­ [From the Los Angeles Times, Mar. 9, 19831 States receives STV or MDS service. sibility the networks could manipulate A BATTLE FOR CONTROL OF TV-NETWORK The video marketplace, with a number the availability to indepenent broad­ VICTORY AT FCC WOULD ROB THE PuBLIC of new competitive entrants, has great casters of off-network syndicated pro­ OF DIVERSITY potential. Simply put, in most of the grams. In addition, the Department of the control year's honoree for his outstanding orary title he had continued to hold as that they hold over the television industry. record of responsible service to the a symbol of respect and thanks from a Moreover, cable and other telecommunica­ people of the community. tion technologies threaten to raid network Mr. Speaker, I know that you and grateful community. viewers. Yet, in reports to stockholders and our colleagues here in the Congress Throughout his lifetime Joseph advertisers, the networks boast that the will want to join with me in extending Martoccia has forged ahead with dedi­ nascent cable competitors will have little our warmest greetings and felicita­ cation, devotion, and sincerity of pur­ effect on their audience share. tions to Joe Martoccia upon receiving pose in responding to the needs of the Although they also argue that repeal this citation of merit which will be people of Pompton Lakes. He is a would benefit the public interest, it is diffi­ charter member and past president- cult to discount the overall benefits to the presented and commemorated on Sat­ public of the last 12 years. But these im­ urday, March 26. 1959-60-of Pompton Lakes Rotary provements have not solved all of televi­ Joseph Martoccia has been a Club with 100 percent attendance sion's problems. There are still too many staunch supporter and active partici­ record for the past three decades. He programs aimed at the lowest common de­ pant in many civic and community im­ was chosen the Paul Harris Fellow of nominator. Progress is likelier with an ever­ provement programs and we applaud the Rotary Club, the highest award expanding pool of independent producers the quality of his leadership endeavors that rotary can bestow upon any of its and stations than with three companies members. During the past 20 years he dominating our most important medium. in the vanguard of service to people's Despite the clear public benefits of the ex­ needs. handled community service for the isting rules, network pressure seems to be Our honoree, Joe, was born in New club. As we all know, rotary's motto is: pushing the FCC toward repeal. In fact, the York City September 28, 1903 and "We make a living by what we get commission has suddenly advanced its first adopted the Borough of Pompton • • • we make a life by what we hearing to Monday. Lakes, N.J., as the home of his resi­ give"-"Service above Self"-and their It appears that only congressional action dence in the year 1914. good deeds in helping others, young to keep the rules intact can maintain the and adults alike have served to inspire competition and diversity that the public in­ There is much that can be said terest requires. about Joseph Martoccia and all of his all of us. David Poltrack, CBS' vice president for re­ good works. He received many cita­ Mr. Speaker, it is also important to search, nicely framed the repeal issue when tions of merit and honor for his many note that Joe was honored by the he conceded that new, non-network pro­ charitable and rewarding contribu­ Pompton Lakes Lions Club in 1954 and grams are "distracting network viewers." tions to the quality of life and way of by the Kiwanis Club in 1962. He was But Poltrack added, "We think we can con­ life for all of our people. also the recipient of the Edel-Muley­ trol" that. He could be right, of course-if In 1936, Joe joined the Pompton Donney Award for outstanding com­ the financial interest and syndication rules munity service in Passaic County, are repealed.e Lakes First Aid Squad, Inc., where he held office as secretary, then vice June 4, 1970. president for 12 years and president in Joseph Martoccia has the distin­ CONGRESSIONAL SALUTE TO 1951-52. As chairman of the Salvation guished honor also of being a charter HON. JOSEPH MARTOCCIA- Army for Community Service, he exe­ member of the chamber of commerce 1983 POMPTON LAKES CHAM­ cuted countless missions in responding which was organized in 1925, past BER OF COMMERCE OUT­ to the needs of families in distress president~1936-37-and now perma­ STANDING CITIZEN OF THE since 1963. nent treasurer. YEAR AWARD He was a member of the communi­ Among . his many other civic and ty's civil defense and disaster control charitable endeavors he is on the HON. ROBERT A. ROE units since the First World War and is board of directors and treasurer of the OF NEW JERSEY still active in these most worthwhile Senior Citizens Housing; member, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES endeavors. Twelve years ago he found­ board of directors of the Passaic ed the lifesaving service known as the Valley Red Cross; Pompton Lakes Tuesday, March 22, 1983 blood bank which is still effectively Marion Council Knights of Columbus • Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, on Saturday, operating in conjunction with the 3801 since 1946; treasurer, the Colum­ March 26 the people of Pompton chamber of commerce. It is interesting bian Club, Marion Council 3801; Lakes, my congressional district and to note that before this permanent Pompton Lakes High School Advisory the State of New Jersey will assemble blood bank was established, he provid­ Committee; VFW District 1; the Pomp­ at the Annual Installation Dinner of ed a so-called walking blood bank for ton Lakes Elks Club No. 1895; and for the Pompton Lakes Chamber of Com- everyone in town. the past 18 years has been an active 6704 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1983 member of the Christian Business­ bill would initiate the necessary steps (e) Starvation; men's Committee, Lakeland area. He to insure that this historical site is (f) Deliberate policy of fostering starva- preserved for generations to come.e tion; received the 1957 Man of the Year (g) Experimental medical operations; Award of the Veterans of Foreign (h) Coerced Communist indoctrination; Wars and Ladies Auxiliary. RED CHINA TRADE AND (i) Bayonetting. Mr. Speaker, it is indeed appropriate AMERICAN LABOR (2) The Communist government in China that we reflect on the deeds and is equally responsible and guilty as the achievements of our people who have Communist government in Korea for war contributed to the quality of life here HON. LARRY McDONALD atrocities committed against Americans. in America. As we gather together on OF GEORGIA (3) Virtually every provision of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Geneva Convention governing the treat­ May 26 with the Pompton Lakes ment of war prisoners was purposely violat­ Chamber of Commerce in tribute to Tuesday, March 22, 1983 ed or ignored by the North Korean and Chi­ Joe's leadership endeavors and person­ e Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, it nese forces. al commitment dedicated to service to was not too long ago that the excecu­ ( 4) More than 5,000 American prisoners of people, we do indeed salute a great tive branch determined it was in the war died because of Communist war atroc­ American-the Honorable Joseph national interest to extend export­ ities and more than a thousand who sur­ Martoccia of Pompton Lakes, N.J.- import credits to the tune of millions vived were victims of war crimes. 1983 Pompton Lakes Chamber of Com­ (5) Several thousand American soldiers of dollars to the Chinese Communists. who have not been repatriated were victims merce Outstanding Citizen of the I would inquire of my colleagues if of war crimes, died in action, or are present­ Year.e this is in the national interest. ly confined behind the Iron Curtain. In the first place, all Americans (6) Communist forces violated the "Little PRESERVATION OF THE MOUND should recall what these same Chinese Switch" agreement by failing to repatriate STATE PARK Communists did to our men in Korea. the sick and wounded prisoners in accord­ So that memories may be refreshed, I ance with the Panmunjom truce. would first like to introduce "Findings (7) The Communists in Korea, by false HON. RICHARD C. SHELBY and Conclusions, Committee on Gov­ propaganda, have attempted to inaccurately OF ALABAMA portray the treatment accorded by them to ernment Operations, Korean War American prisoners of war. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Atrocities, United States Senate," Tuesday, March 22, 1983 dated January 11, 1954. WHEN YoUR'RE TIRED oF IT ... After reading these conclusions, • Mr. SHELBY. Mr. Speaker, Senator Murder; try to sell the Red Chinese steel, even on legislation to insure the preservation (b) Attempted murder; credit? Oh, no, it sells the Chinese a steel (c) Malicious and aggravated assaults; mill on credit. That means, among other of this invaluable historical resource. (d) Various acts of torture, i.e., perforat­ things, Red China will never become a It would be a tragedy to sit idle ing flesh of prisoners with heated bamboo market for American steel. At best, they will while a landmark of such historical spears, burning prisoners with lighted ciga­ become a competitor. No doubt when the value and significance is threatened by rettes and inserting a can opener into a pris­ American taxpayer-financed modern mill erosion from the Warrior River. This oner's open wound; goes on line, the Chinese will export some March 22, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6705 of their steel to America-if, by then, they committed intellectually to a liberal Now Butterfield has interviewed scholars, don't decide to shoot it back at us in the welfare state philosophy in its cover­ anti-war activists, journalists and junior form of missiles. age of the news the American public military officers. The picture comes into a The United States is being sold right out different focus. from under us by a bunch of greedy multi­ will continue to be "softened" in its Many of the academic gurus of the peace national corporations, whose leaders aren't view of the world. As George F. Will movement, we now discover, didn't know even moral, much less patriotic. wrote in a column in the Washington beans about the Vietnamese people. We had Don't you think it's strange that the U.S. Post on March 10, 1983: experts who had never visited the country, government will finance a new steel mill in The memory of the Holocaust is the black who did not speak the language. a hostile foreign country but not in Ohio or sun into which we cannot bear to stare. But Author Frances FitzGerald, who won a New York? Don't you think it's strange that we should stare, because this mentally soft Pulitzer Prize with "Fire in the Lake," isn't American workers have to pay 14 percent republic is threatened by the inability of its coming off too well in retrospect. Scholars for a mortgage and 15 percent or even 18 citizens to comprehend how radically the are beginning to call her work romantic percent for a consumer loan, but the Chi­ untamed world-from the brutalized elite in nonsense. One West Coast academic sug­ nese communists pay, if they ever pay at all, the Kremlin to the pandemic savagery of El gests that Ms. FitzGerald's notion that the less than 8 percent? Don't you think it's Salvador-differs from their mild experi­ South Vietnamese would be better off under strange that the American government will ences and assumptions. communism was "both racial and conde­ spend $300 million to keep communist The Holocaust museum, located at the scending." Poland from going into default while thou­ epicenter of our collective life, can be a The so-called "New Scholarship" won't sands of Americans are losing their homes mind-opening reminder of the furies beyond change anything. It does raise alarming and farms to foreclosures? Don't you think our shores. The museum is needed because questions. For example: How could it take it's strange that an American president says nothing in nature is more remarkable, or us 14 years to figure out that the Tet offen­ we have to cut $40 billion in domestic spend­ dangerous, than the recuperative power of sive, covered by the most sophisticated news ing but double our contributions to the innocence in a liberal society. organizations, was really a substantial International Monetary Fund? Mr. Minter's column is a useful start American victory rather than a smashing I do. I think it tells you that the Rockefel­ defeat?e lers and other corporate moguls have a lot in creating a national dialog that of clout in the White House and in Con­ hopefully by the end of the 1980's will gress. I think it tells you that they and their produce a news media much more able HELGE NILSEN, MARINE ENGI­ political and media suck-toes believe the to help America survive as we face the American people are stupid. NEER AND VICE PRESIDENT challenges of the Soviet Union and nu­ WESTERN CRUISE LINES TO Just the other day I read a piece put out clear weapons. by the Los Angeles Times, the gist of which RETIRE was, gee, we'd better not offend the Japs or [From the Atlanta Journal and the Atlanta they won't be our friends. We're not sup­ Constitution, Feb. 27, 19831 posed to offend the Russians by suggesting AFTER 10 YEARS, A NEW LOOK AT THE HON.GLENNM.ANDERSON they shot the pope. We're not supposed to VIETNAM WAR OF CALIFORNIA offend the Arabs by asking them to make Eugene and McKnight, and his is that Hanoi Janie should have been for using a like you and our colleagues here in the where spontaneous personal commit­ tire iron to murder a victim 17 years ago in Congress to join with me in saluting ment requires no debate or discus- New Orleans. 6710 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1983 Surprisingly, another Californian, I am pleased to be joined in intro­ maintained its manufacturing, a critical ele­ Armand Hammer, Chairman of Occidental ducing this legislation by my col­ ment to a city's economic base. From 1967 Petroleum, did not come forth with a pro­ leagues in the Virginia delegation. We to 1977, Richmond's value added by manu­ posal to ban tire irons. What made this so facturing increased 39 percent after dis­ surprising was that last year Armand are all proud to have this opportunity counting inflation. The City also retained Hammer did come forth with a contribution to protect our capital city, and to con­ its 75 percent share of regional manufactur­ of one quarter of a million dollars in sup­ tribute to the enormous growth and ing establishments. port of a proposal to ban handguns in the development which will surely occur As most core cities across the country, State of California. with adequate flood protection. Richmond has experienced a decline in pop­ The handgun ban proposal, known as As many of my colleagues know, an ulation and a change in household composi­ Proposition 15, was shot down by California important portion of the city of Rich­ tion. Between 1950 and 1978, Richmond lost voters last November by a whopping 63 per­ mond lies in a particularly vulnerable 22 percent of its 1950 population. By com­ cent-37 percent margin, Armand Hammer area of the James River flood basin. parison neighboring Henrico and Chester­ and others not withstanding. field counties grew by 202 percent and 280 Hammer, notable for numerous business Much of that area, on both the north percent, respectively. The City Planning De­ deals with Communist dictatorships, got a and south sides of the river have an partment estimates that 2000 population big push in life from his former associate, enormous unfulfilled potential for will be about 198,500. the late Vladimir I. Lenin, first dictator of urban revitalization, economic stimula­ In addition to losing residents, Richmond the Soviet Union, another promoter of the tion, the creation of jobs, cultural re­ has lost a large share of area retail sales, anti-gun movement. One time he ordered vival, and esthetic renaissance. plummeting from 72 percent to 49 percent, his followers to "make mass searches and I know of no organization either over the 10 year period ending in 1977. Ac­ hold executions for found arms." Despite Communist propaganda and de­ city given flood protection-"Rich­ them. sires, Americans do not want to be disarmed. mond: A City of Renaissance." B. Aggressively act to counter deteriora­ RICHMOND: A CITY OF RENAISSANCE tion. City officials are committed to sacri­ The vote in California proves it. So do devel­ fice short-term amenities in order to fund opments in other States. Richmond, an old riverfront city in Cen­ projects having long range benefits. Curtail­ In New Hampshire, voters endorsed a tral Virginia, is in the process of being ing municipal services and cutting expendi­ strengthened version of a State constitu­ reborn. The City has the ingredients-cen­ tures have been unpopular with several spe­ tional amendment guaranteeing individuals tral location, good access, well developed cial interest groups, yet they are necessary the right to keep and bear arms by a 72 per­ services, and historical significance-to to insure a balanced budget and to stimulate cent-28 percent margin. Voters in Nevada become a focal point for the Mid-Atlantic did the same thing by a 71 percent-29 per­ region. The catalyst to achieve that goal is capital development. cent margin. the City's determination to restore and en­ In an effort to get the maximum return On the Federal level, pro-gun legislators hance its unique assets. This commitment is on its investments, Richmond has been se­ are working to prevent handguns from a critical factor in weighing a city's chance lective in which projects to fund. Projects in to survive and to eventually prosper. the Main-to-the-James and Shockoe Valley being taken away from people at the local areas that have been included in the City's level. One great piece of legislation in this HISTORY AND TRENDS Capital Improvement Program are: the regard is the aptly numbered S. 45, by Sen. The first permanent settlement in the floodwall, Tredegar Ironworks, Main Street Steve Symms of Idaho, which would deny Richmond area was on the bank of Shockoe Station, the Farmers Market, Tobacco Row, certain Federal funding to cities which ban Creek in the 1670's. Richmond was incorpo­ the riverfront, James Center and Lower handguns from possession by their citi­ rated as a town in 1742. Town limits were Shockoe Slip. Except for the floodwall, the zens.e 17th and 25th Streets, the James River and City's part of development concentrates on Broad Street