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The Complete Works of Sister Nivedita

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The Complete Works of Sister Nivedita THE COMPLETE WORKS OF SISTER NIVEDITA BIRTH CENTENARY PUBLICATION VOLUME III SISTER NIVEDITA GIRLS' SCHOOL Published by The Secretary Ramakrishna Sarada Mission Sister Nivedita Girls' School 5 Nivedita Lane Calcutta 3 Printed by P. C. Ray Sri Gouranga Press Private Ltd. 5 Chintamani Das Lane Calcutta 9 RAMAKRISHNA SARADA MISSION SISTER NIVEDITA GIRI.s' SCHOOL First Edition October 1955 Price Rs. 12-00 "Fourth Five Year Plan—Development of Modern Indian Langu- ages. The popular price of tlie book has been made possible through a subvention received from the Government of West Bengal." SOLE DISTRIBUTORS ANANDA PUBLISHERS PRIVATE LTD. 5 CHINTAMANI DAS LANE CALCUTTA 9 CONTENTS Page Editor's Preface .. ix Chronological Tabic Mil Imhak Art The Function of Art in Shaping Nationality 1 Indian Sculpture And Painting 19 I la veil on Hindu Sculpture 27 Havcll on Indian Painting 32 Introduction to the 'Ideals of the East' 37 Mediaeval Sinhalese- Art 44 The Exhibition of the Indian Society of Oriental Art 53 > • • • */ Appreciations » * Abanindra Nath Tagore Bharata Mata 58 India The Mother ... 58 Sita ... 61 Shah Jahan Dreaming of the Taj . ... 62 The Passing of Shah jahan ... 64 Nanda Lai Bose Sati ... 67 Dance of Shiva ... 68 Kaikcyi ... ... 69 The Death-Bed of Dasharatha ... 70 Ahalya ... 72 Damayanti's Swayamvara ... 73 Jagai and Madhai ... ... 74 Vikramadilva and Vetal ... 77 IV Page Babu Upendra Kishor Ray ... ... The Churning of the Ocean . 79 Asit llaldar ... The Vina ... 81 Sukhalata Rao Srimati, Martyr ... ... 82 Samarcndr-nath Gupta Abhimanyu ... ... ... • 84 Puvis de Chavannes St. Genevieve Watching over Paris ... ... 87 1<\ Millet J. Angelus ... ... 88 Notes on Pictures ... ... ... ... 90 Richtcr Queen Louise ... ..93 Jules Breton Peasant Girls ... ... .94 Guido Reni Beatrice Cenci ... .-. 95 Star-Pictures ... ... ... 99 Buddha and Yashodhara ... ... .128 Cradle Tm.es of Hinduism Preface .143 The Cycle of Snake Tales ... ... ... 147 The Story of the Doom of Parikshit ... 152 The Sacrifice of Janamejaya .. 158 The Story of Shiva, the Great God ... ... 163 The Cycle of Indian Wifehood Sati, the Perfect Wife ' ... ... ... 166 The Tale of Uma Haimavati .. ... ... 172 Savitri, the Indian Alccstis ... ... ... 178 Nala and Damayanti ... ... ... 188 1 Page The Cycle of the Ramayana ... 210 The City of Ayodhya ... ... .211 The Capture of Sita ... 220 The Conquest of Lanka ... ... 226 The Ordeal of Sita 236 The Cycle of Krishna The Birth of Krishna, the Indian Chrisi-Child . 244 The Dhine Childhood ... .249 Krishna in the Forests 255 The Dilemma of Brahma ... ... 259 Conquest of the Snake Kaliya ... 263 The Lifting of the Mountain ... .267 The Return to Mathura . 269 Krishna Partha Sarathi, Charioteer of Arjuna . 278 The Lament of Gandhari ... .289 The Doom of the Vrishnis ... ... 296 Talcs of the Devotees The Lord Krishna and the Broken Pot ... 302 The Lord Krishna and the Lapwing's Nest ... 303 The Story of Prahlada ... ... ... 304 The Storv of Dhruva: A Mvth of the Pole Star ... 308 Gopala and the Cowherd ... ... ... 314 A Cycle of Great Kings The Story of Shihi Rana ; or, the Eagle and the Dove 320 Bharata ... ... ... ... .,. 323 The Judgment-Scat of Vikramaditya 327 Prirhvi Rai, Last of the Hindu Knights 334 A Cycle from the Mahabharata The Story of Bhishma and the Great War 342 The Ascent of Yudhishthira into Heaven ... 361 King Parikshit and the Frog Maiden ... 37 Rklicion of nre Mountains ... 379 Religion and Dharma Religion and Dharma ... ... ... 387 Mukti: Freedom ... ... ... ... 390 The Greater Ritual ... ... ... 394 VI Page The Crown of Hinduism 396 Hinduism and Organisation ... ... 400 Co-operation ... 404 Sectarianism ... 408 The Samaj ... 411 The Past and the Future . 415 Religion and National Success 417 The Spirit of Renunciation ... ... 420 The Sacred and the Secular . ... 425 Quit Ye Like Men! 427 Sincerity 430 Fating Death 432 Luxury and Manhood 435 Strength . 437 True Ambition 439 Character 442 Discrimination 444 Fitness ... 446 The Teacher 449 The Guru and His Disciple . .. 453 Realisation ... 457 Progress 459 Work 462 Realisation Through Work ... 464 The Power of Faith 467 The Bee and the Lotus 471 The Life of Ideas .. .474 The Shaping of Life 476 National Righteousness . 479 The Flower of Worship 483 Responsibility 487 The World-Sense in Kthics ... 493 Appendix . .498 Aogressivk Hinduism T The Basis . 505 II The Task Before Us .. 511 III The Ideal 521 IV On the Way to the Ideal . 525 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Facinc Pace SISTER NIVKDITA ... ... ... 1 BIIARATA MATA ... ... ... 58 HOUSK AT BOSEPAKA . ... ... 74 THE INDIAN STORY-TELLER AT NIGHT FALL ... ... 147 SISTER NIVED1TA IX HKK STUDY ... ... 388 IN ADVAITA ASHRAMA, MAYAVATI ... ... ... 389 EDITOR'S PREFACE The first section of the Third Volume of the present edition of the Complete Works of Sister Nivedita includes her articles on Indian Art, reviews of books on Art and appreciations of a series of Indian and European paintings. The rebirth of Indian Art was one of Nivedita's dearest dreams. She believed that "art offers us the oppor- tunity of a great common speech, and its rebirth is essen- tial to the upbuilding of the motherland—its re-awakening rather." (Complete Works, Vol. Ill, p. 3). Hence her profound thoughts on Art in general and Indian Art in particular are of great importance. She is one of the foremost of art connoisseurs who inspired and encouraged our young artists to revive ancient Indian art and to develop modern Indian art. She told them : "Art is charged with a spiritual message,—in India today, the message of Nationality. But if this message is actually to be uttered, the profession of the painter must come to be regarded, not simply as a means of earning livlihood, but as one of the supreme ends of the highest kind of education." (Complete Works, Vol. Ill, p. 12). At the end of the section are added some notes on notable European paintings because they were chiefly written to demonstrate the true ideals of Western art to the Indian artists. The interesting article titled 'The Star Pictures' was published in three instalments in The Modern Review in 191 1 and 1 91 2. It includes myths embedded in the Puranas. Nivedita held the view that the Indian mind interested in astronomy spiritualized most of the mythological charac- ters and they became the heroes of the sky. Here she selects those stories that represent the spiritualising inter- pretation of the stars. Buddha and Yashodhara was first published in The : : Modern Review in 1919. Together with 'Shiva or Mahadeva' it was published in book form by the Udbodhan Office in 1919 with the title Siva & Buddha. After these writings are published the following three works Cradle Tales of Hinduism Religion and Dharma Aggressive Hinduism The Cradle Tales of Hinduism includes stories from the Ramayana, the Mahabharata and the Puranas. In the manner of the old-time story-teller Nivedita hat. presented here the never-dying tales with the charm of freshness, literary grace and beauty, as also the thrill and fascination of the narrative. The book was first published in 1907. But she had started collecting the material for the stories for the American children in 1899. To Miss MacLeod she wrote on November 16, 1899: "I mean to tell the little ones about the Christ-child, and then on to the Indian Christ-child, Dhruva, Prahlad, Gopala." She made regular study of this literature by going to the libraries and consulting Swami Vivckananda and Jogin-Ma on this subject. We come to know from her letters that one Mr. Waterman offered to publish these stories for her. On April 20, 1900, she wrote ro Mrs. Longfellow "I never did anything .o difficult as these stories. Fancy! Today I have before me the task of putting on paper what I know about Buddha ! It is like trying to pur the rainbow under a tumbler. I have only done five stories so far, of which only one, Prithvi Rai, satisfies Mr. W." Ultimately the said publisher did not publish the book. On July 16, 1906, we find her writing to Mrs. Bull: "The Cradle Tales of Hinduism are nearly ready. I hope to send one copy to England by the end of July and one copy to you—to try to publish independently and XI simultaneously in America. We have decided that if I could for this book get £ 100 down and a small royalty, say 2 cents or 1 d. a copy, it would be good." King Parikshit and the Frog Maiden was included in the first edition of the Studies from an Eastern Home. 'The Story of the Great God: Shiva Or Mahadeva' was originally written in 1899. It was rewritten in 1903 with certain changes and was included in The Web of Indian Life, which has been published in Volume II of the Complete Works. The original article contained a few introductory— pages. These pages only are printed here with the title 'Religion of the Mountains'. The story in its original form was published in The Modern Review in 1919, and was published in book form by the Udbodhan Office in the same vear. Religion and Dharma was published in 1915 by Long- mans. Green. & Co., London. The preface to the book by S. K. Ratcliffe is printed here as an appendix. The book was reprinted in India bv the Advaita Ashrama in 1952. Due to the untimely death of the Editor of the Prahuddha Bharala, Swami Swarupananda, in July 1906, Nivedita was requested to write in the editorial columns captioned the 'Occasional Notes'. A selection from these pieces forms the text of the book. Adequate titles were given by the first editor of the book and these have not been changed in this edition. Two changes have, however, been made. On comparing these pieces with their first publication in the columns of the Prahuddha Bharata from 1906 to 1911, many passages were found to be eliminated.
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