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Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego We Wrocławiu ZESZYTY NAUKOWE UNIWERSYTETU PRZYRODNICZEGO WE WROCŁAWIU NR 559 BIOLOGIA I HODOWLA ZWIERZ<T LV (KONTYNUACJA SERII ZOOTECHNIKA) ZESZYTY NAUKOWE UNIWERSYTETU PRZYRODNICZEGO WE WROCŁAWIU NR 559 BIOLOGIA I HODOWLA ZWIERZ<T LV WROCŁAW 2007 Redaktor merytoryczny dr hab. inb. Krystyn Chudoba Opracowanie redakcyjne mgr Elbbieta Winiarska-Grabosz Korekta: mgr Elbbieta Winiarska-Grabosz Janina Szydłowska Łamanie Halina Sebzda Projekt okładki Grabyna Kwiatkowska © Copyright by Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu, Wrocław 2007 Utwór w całoVci ani we fragmentach nie mobe by4 powielany ani rozpowszechniany za pomoc= urz=dzeL elektronicznych, nagrywaj=cych i innych bez pisemnej zgody posiadacza praw autorskich ISSN 1897–208X ISSN 1897–8223 WYDAWNICTWO UNIWERSYTETU PRZYRODNICZEGO WE WROCŁAWIU Redaktor Naczelny – prof. dr hab. Andrzej Kotecki ul. Sopocka 23, 50–344 Wrocław, tel./fax 071 328–12–77 e-mail: [email protected] Nakład 100 + 16 egz. Ark. druk. 8,75 Druk i oprawa: Wydawnictwo Tekst Sp. z o.o. ul. Kossaka 72, 85–307 Bydgoszcz SPIS TREUCI Str. 1. O. Boruta, S. Jasek – Wpływ dodatku energetycznego glikolu propylenowego podawanego lochom, w okresie okołoporodowym i lakta- cji, na odchów prosi=t ................................................................................. 7 2. R. Haitlinger – Giftitrombium skalaensis gen. n., sp. n. (Acari: Prostig- mata: Neothrombiidae) z Grecji ................................................................. 17 3. R. Haitlinger – Stawonogi (Siphonaptera, Anoplura, Acari) drobnych ssaków z Karkonoszy (Sudety) ................................................................... 23 4. R. Haitlinger – Nowe zbiory roztoczy (Acari: Prostigmata: Erythraei- dae, Johnstonianidae, Microtrombidiidae, Tanaupodidae, Trombidiidae) z Austrii, WBgier, Włoch i San Marino ...................................................... 45 5. R. Haitlinger – Nowe zbiory roztoczy (Acari: Prostigmata: Erythraeidae) z Afryki oraz opis czterech nowych gatunków ........................................... 55 6. R. Haitlinger – Trzy nowe gatunki Charletonia Oudemans, 1910 (Acari: Prostigmata: Erythraeidae) i nowe zbiory Charletonia Lankensis Southcott, 1988, C. Shiroyama Yaita, Kato & Toriyama, 1961 I C. Volzi (Oudemans, 1910) z Azji ................................................................................................. 71 7. D. Knecht – Marketing w gospodarce rybackiej na przykładzie produkcji karpia .......................................................................................................... 85 8. G. Kopij – Ptaki lBgowe Starego Miasta we Wrocławiu ............................ 93 9. E. Pasicka, H. Geringer de Oedenberg, K. KamiLska, K. Neuberg, A. Czupidło – Ubytkowanie rozpłodowe klaczy huculskich w Odrzechowej ........................................................................................... 107 10. K. Szulc, D. Knecht, J. T. BuczyLski, E. Skrzypczak, M. Banaszak – Charakterystyka wska`ników produkcyjnych chowu VwiL metod= SPF Farmy I/S Rosnaes ...................................................................................... 119 11. A. Zaleska, A. Szyszkowska – Taniny w bywieniu zwierz=t ...................... 129 CONTENTS Page 1. O. Boruta, S. Jasek – Effect of energy supplement propylene glycol in sows perinatal period and lactation diets on piglets rearing results ............ 7 2. R. Haitlinger – A new larval neothrombiid, Giftitrombium skalaensis gen. n. , sp. n. (Acari: Prostigmata: Neothrombiidae) from Greece .................. 17 3. R. Haitlinger – Arthropods (Siphonaptera, Anoplura, Acari) of small mammals of Karkonosze MTS. (Sudetes) .................................................. 23 4. R. Haitlinger – New records of mites (Acari: Prostigmata: Erythraeidae, Johnstonianidae, Microtrombidiidae, Tanaupodidae, Trombidiidae) from Austria, Hungary, Italy and San Marino .................... 45 5. R. Haitlinger – New records of mites (Acari: Prostigmata: Erythraeidae) from Africa with descriptions of four new species .............. 55 6. R. Haitlinger – Three new species of larval Charletonia Oudemans, 1910 (Acari: Prostigmata: Erythraeidae) and the new records of Charletonia Lankensis Southcott, 1988, C. Shiroyama Yaita, Kato & Toriyama, 1961 and C. Volzi (Oudemans, 1910) from Asia ................................................. 71 7. D. Knecht – Marketing in fishing economy on example production of carp ......................................................................................................... 85 8. G. Kopij – Breeding birds of Stare Miasto in Wrocław ............................. 93 9. E. Pasicka, H. Geringer de Oedenberg, K. KamiLska, K. Neuberg, A. Czupidło – Reproductive utilisation of Hucul mares from Odrzechowa ................................................................................................ 107 10. K. Szulc, D. Knecht, J. T. BuczyLski, E. Skrzypczak, M. Banaszak – The characteristic of production index in pig production using SPF method Farm I/S Rosnaes ........................................................................................ 119 11. A. Zaleska, A. Szyszkowska – Tannins in animal diet ............................... 129 ZESZYTY NAUKOWE UNIWERSYTETU PRZYRODNICZEGO WE WROCŁAWIU 2007 BIOLOGIA I HODOWLA ZWIERZ<T LV NR 559 Olga Boruta, Stanisław Jasek WPŁYW DODATKU ENERGETYCZNEGO GLIKOLU PROPYLENOWEGO PODAWANEGO LOCHOM, W OKRESIE OKOŁOPORODOWYM I LAKTACJI, NA ODCHÓW PROSI<T EFFECT OF ENERGY SUPPLEMENT PROPYLENE GLYCOL IN SOWS PERINATAL PERIOD AND LACTATION DIETS ON PIGLETS REARING RESULTS1 Instytut Hodowli Zwierz=t, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu Institute of Animal Breeding, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences Celem doVwiadczenia była próba oszacowania efektu dodatku energetycznego glikolu propy- lenowego podawanego lochom na odchów prosi=t. W obecnej produkcji zwierz=t racjonalne bywienie jest trudne bez zastosowania róbnych do- datków paszowych. Brak tych składników w bywieniu wysokoprodukcyjnych zwierz=t mobe stanowi4 barierB pełnego ujawnienia siB ich zdolnoVci rozrodczych i tucznych. W doVwiadczeniu ubyto dodatku energetycznego glikolu propylenowego w dawkach pokar- mowych loch podczas okresu okołoporodowego i laktacji oraz obserwowano jego wpływ na odchów prosi=t. Podczas doVwiadczenia zebrano nastBpuj=ce dane: liczba prosi=t w 1, 14, 21 oraz 28 dniu bycia, masa ciała i przyrosty dobowe, a takbe upadki prosi=t. Eksperyment przeprowa- dzono z 3 grupami loch – jedna (kontrolna I) bez i dwie (eksperymentalna II i III) z dodatkiem GP (100 g/dzieL/szt.). Najlepsze wyniki uzyskano w masie urodzeniowej prosi=t z grupy III (P00.05). W 14 dniu bycia prosi=t najwybsz= mas= ciała odznaczały siB prosiBta z grupy I. W stosunku do grupy II i III stwierdzono róbnice statystycznie istotne. W 21 dniu laktacji lochy otrzymuj=ce GP miały ciBbsze prosiBta nib lochy z grupy I. ProsiBta pochodz=ce od loch z grupy III rosły najszybciej (P00.05). Wyniki eksperymentu sugeruj=, ib uzasadnione jest dodawanie GP podczas okresu okołopo- rodowego i laktacji loch. SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: lochy, okres okołoporodowy, laktacja, glikol propylenowy, prosiBta Do cytowania – For citation: Boruta O., Jasek S., 2007. Wpływ dodatku energetycznego glikolu propylenowego podawanego lochom, w okresie okołoporodowym i laktacji, na odchów prosi=t. Zesz. Nauk. UP Wroc., Biol. Hod. Zwierz., LV, Nr 559, 7–16. 8 Olga Boruta, Stanisław Jasek WSTAP Głównym celem utrzymywania loch jest pozyskanie od nich dubej liczby silnych, zdrowych i odchowanych do odpowiedniej masy ciała prosi=t. Sukces ten zaleby od wielu czynników i zabiegów VciVle ze sob= poł=czonych. Najmniejszy bł=d na którymV z etapów hodowli uruchamia szereg negatywnych skutków, a uzyskane wyniki produk- cyjne s= nibsze od potencjalnych mobliwoVci lochy. Znaczenie ma tu odpowiedni sys- tem utrzymania, dobrostan zwierz=t oraz racjonalne bywienie. Jedn= z najwabniejszych cech wartoVci ubytkowej loch jest mlecznoV4. Cecha ta cha- rakteryzuje siB niskim współczynnikiem odziedziczalnoVci (h2 = 0,2). Mobliwe jest sterowanie mlecznoVci= loch np. poprzez ich bywienie. aywienie loch karmi=cych po- winno pokrywa4 potrzeby zwi=zane z produkcj= mleka. Stosowanie róbnego rodzaju dodatków (McNamara, Pettigrew 2002, Jongbloed i wsp. 2004., Noblet, Etienne 1986) przyczynia siB do zmiany składu mleka, lepszego wykorzystania paszy oraz pozytywnie wpływa na rozwój prosi=t. Jak wynika z przegl=du dostBpnego piVmiennictwa, nie za- stosowano wczeVniej dodatku glikolu propylenowego w bywieniu loch. Glikol propyle- nowy stosowny jest na szerok= skalB, w bywieniu krów mlecznych przede wszystkim jako dodatek przeciwko ketozie – gro`nej chorobie metabolicznej krów (Baird 1982). Pozytywny wpływ dodatku glikolu tłumaczy siB ograniczeniem niedoboru energii w pocz=tkowym okresie laktacji. Jego działanie opiera siB na mechanizmie powoduj=- cym wzrost stBbenia glukozy i insuliny oraz na spadku zawartoVci WKT (wolne kwasy tłuszczowe) i zwi=zków ketonowych we krwi. Obserwuje siB równieb zadowalaj=ce zmiany składu mleka i wzrost wydajnoVci mlecznej (Ballard i wsp. 2001, Bodarski i wsp. 2003, KupczyLski i wsp. 2004, 2005). Uzyskane, w powybszych pracach, wyniki skłoniły do prób zastosowania dodatku glikolu propylenowego w bywieniu loch w okre- sie okołoporodowym oraz laktacji. CEL Celem niniejszej pracy było uzyskanie informacji, w jakim stopniu dodatek glikol propylenowy w okresie okołoporodowym i ci=by loch wpływa na wyniki odchowu prosi=t. MATERIAŁ I METODY ZwierzBta. Do eksperymentu wybrano 27 loch reprezentatywnych (22 rasy Polskiej
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