% {I V 0> % rF h y Catalog of Type Specimens Compiled Frederick J. Collier of Invertebrate Fossils: Conodonta SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOBIOLOGY NUMBER 9 SERIAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION The emphasis upon publications as a means of diffusing knowledge was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. In his formal plan for the Insti­ tution, Joseph Henry articulated a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This keynote of basic research has been adhered to over the years in the issuance of thousands of titles in serial publications under the Smithsonian imprint, com­ mencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Annals of Flight Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes original articles and monographs dealing with the research and collections of its several museums and offices and of profes­ sional colleagues at other institutions of learning. These papers report newly acquired facts, synoptic interpretations of data, or original theory in specialized fields. These publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, laboratories, and other in­ terested institutions and specialists throughout the world. Individual copies may be obtained from the Smithsonian Institution Press as long as stocks are available. S. DILLON RIPLEY Secretary Smithsonian Institution SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOBIOLOGY NUMBER 9 Compiled by Catalog of Frederick J. Collier Type Specimens of Invertebrate Fossils: Conodonta SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS CITY OF WASHINGTON 1971 ABSTRACT Frederick J. Collier. Catalog of Type Specimens of Invertebrate Fossils: Cono- donta. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology, number 9, 256 pages, 1971.— Type specimens of the conodonts in the national collection are listed alphabetically by generic and specific name. Geographic, stratigraphic, bibliographic and other pertinent information concerning each specimen is included as an initial record entry. Additional entries for each specimen list references and binomen changes subsequent to the original isolation of the specimen in the literature. Name changes are also cross-indexed in the initial record list. Two appendices list occurrence of species by stratigraphy (system, series and formation) and geography (country and state). Official publication date is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1971 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Price $2.50 (paper cover) Stock Number 4700-0147 Compiled by Catalog of Frederick J. Collier Type Specimens of Invertebrate Fossils: Conodonta Introduction The Collection This catalog is the first product of a newly in­ The type collections in the Department of Paleo­ stituted Electronic Data Processing program in col­ biology consist of alphabetically arranged lots of lection management in the Department of Paleo­ biologically grouped specimens which have been biology at the National Museum of Natural History, isolated in publication. The biologic grouping is Smithsonian Institution. New cataloging procedures at taxonomic or stratigraphic levels which vary for compile more than thirty fields of curatorial infor­ curatorial convenience. The conodont type collec­ mation for each specimen in a form easily translated tion is a single taxonomic grouping using generic, from Departmental temporary tape storage to com­ subgeneric, specific and subspecific names for a puter storage. This makes a large amount of in­ hierarchical, alphabetical arrangement. At present formation available which was previously ignored in it consists of more than 2500 specimens described catalog lists and includes nomenclatural, stratigraphic, in nearly fifty studies. geographic, taxonomic or morphologic, and literature Primary type categories recognized include those reference lists. The conodont file recorded here is defined in articles 73-75 of the International Code the first catalog of this taxonomic group produced of Zoological Nomenclature. Holotypes, paratypes, by the National Museum. The entire collection has syntypes, lectotypes, paralectotypes and neotypes been accessioned and developed since the previous are marked by a simple coding system (see Figure 1) general catalog was published. applied to the specimen boxes and microslides and The compilation of new material data and rework­ are easily differentiated. Secondary types include ing of previously cataloged specimens is the work of specimens which have been studied and introduced the Department of Paleobiology Collection Manage­ to the literature subsequent to the original descrip­ ment staff. Collection Manager Frederick J. Collier, tion. For curatorial purposes the specimens which Museum Specialists and Technicians Beverly B. have been assigned to a species taxon in the litera­ Tate, Jann W. Miller, Laird Thompson, and Jesse ture are termed hypotypes. Specimens which are Merida all contributed to data capture and proc­ published under titles with no nomenclatural stand­ essing. Mr. Arnold Powell was responsible for ma­ ing, such as cf., off., sp., spp., n. sp. or sp. indet. are chine operation phases at the Department level. Dr. termed Figured, Mentioned or Measured specimens. James F. Mello and Mr. David Bridge planned and Plastotypes of all above type categories are recog­ coordinated processing of stored data and aided nized but are placed in the type collection only if the greatly in originating the cataloging procedures now replica is itself isolated in the literature. in the Department. The collection does not reflect changes in nomen- 1 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEOBIOLOGY Holotype Holo <s> Paratype Para Syntype Syn <3> Neotype Neo Lectotype Lecto <S> Paralectotype P-lec ^"^ Lecto < > Plastoholotype Pl-ho Plosto ^ ^PJCJSto Plastoparatype Pl-pa Plasto ^^ Plastosyntype Pl-sy <^> Plasto Plastoneotype Pl-ne Hypotype Hypo ^ Plasto Plastohypotype Pl-hy A Figured Fig A Mentioned Ment A Measured Meas A FIGURE 1.—Coding system. clature. All specimens are filed under the name of stratigraphic interpretation. It is a list of cited cono­ the taxon in which it first appears in print. When dont specimens in the Museum collections, and a possible, revisions are recorded on specimen labels history of their use in the literature. The catalog kept with the specimens. Computer-processed listings listing is the same as the arrangement of the collec­ are available which contain specimen synonomies tion. It is an alphabetical hierarchy based on the cross-indexed by subsequent name assignments. The genus, subgenus, species and subspecies names and, listings are not complete species synonymy but are when appropriate, on a numeric order of the cata­ restricted to citation of individual specimens. The log number. Each primary record entry contains all concept of the specimen-synonymy is described in available information concerning a single specimen. more detail further on. The primary entry is followed by shortened record The nontype conodont collection is not extensive entries which comprise a synonomy of the particular and consists of very few isolated and identified specimen use. A synonymic record is also printed specimens. Thousands of specimens are available in in the primary alphabetical file as a new entry, if a lots from single localities representing materials ac­ specimen is subsequently assigned to a different cumulated by W. H. Hass in his detailed work with genus or species taxon. the Chappel Limestone and Barnett Formation The concept of the specimen synonymy is quite faunas and his stratigraphic studies in Mississippi, different from a species taxon synonomy. It is com­ Texas, Arkansas, Tennessee and other localities. In pletely objective and references the isolation of a par­ addition, there are limited materials collected by ticular specimen in the literature under any combina­ Ulrich and Bassler in Ohio, New York and tion of names, for any purpose. It excludes citations Tennessee. of a species taxon when specimens are not isolated. Although not as useful to the systematist as a species The Catalog synonymy, the specimen synonymy is curatorially im­ portant as it is a ready listing of the history of a speci­ The conodont catalog is not meant to be a primary men. The history might be broached and the speci­ source book for occurrence data, or systematic and men requested by a worker under the name, number NUMBER 9 or reference at any point in the chronology. Sundays and holidays. The data processing system demands a limited LOANS.—Loans of specimens in type and nontype number of abbreviations which are printed in the categories are regularly made in North America and record entries. No abbreviations are present in any in limited numbers throughout the world at the dis­ biologic or stratigraphic names other than standard cretion of the Departmental staff. Loans are made stratigraphic qualifiers such