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Orta Toroslar'da Konodont Biy Ostratigrafisi(1 )

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Orta Toroslar'da Konodont Biy Ostratigrafisi(1 ) Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Bülteni, e. 20, 35-48, Şubat 1977 Bulîetin of the Geölogical Boclety of Turkey, v. 20, 35-48, February 1977 Orta Toroslar'da konodont biy ostratigrafisi(1 ) Conodontbiostratigra/phy in the Middle Taurus ÎSMET GEDİK Jeoloji Bölümü, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Trabzon ÖZ: Çalışılan bölgede, Kambriyen-Triyas arasına ait konodont faunası saptanmış ve kısaca tanıtılmıştır. Metamorfik Alan- ya Masifinin bir nap şeklinde Sedre Triyas'mm üzerine geldiği ve bunun da bir tektonik pencere olarak görüldüğü görü- şüne varılmıştır. Hadimopanella oezgueli n. gen. n. sp. (incertae sedis) ve üç yeni konodont türü bulunmuştur. ABSTRACT: in the area studied Cambrian to Triassie systems are distinguished by the use of conodonts and their fauna is deseribed briefly. it is believed that the metamorphic Alanya massif overlays the Sedre Triassie as a nappe, forming a teetonic window. Hadimopanella oezgueli n. gen. n. sp. (İncertae sedis) and three new conodont speeies are established. (1) Bu yazı Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu 30. Bilimsel Kurultayında bildiri olarak sunulmuştur. 36 GEDÎK GİRİŞ ve Monod, 1970). İçlerinde bazı trilobit lanmasmdon oluşan ve kalınlığı 1000 m parçalarına rastlanmıştır. Üste doğru kil yi aşan Seydişehir Formasyonuna geçti- Bu çalışma, özellikle son 20 yılda oranı gittikçe artarak, yaklaşık 50 m ği görülür. Bu formasyonun ilk 50 m lik büyük stratigrafik önem kazanan ve ge- kalınlığındaki kırmızımsı - morumsu, alt düzeylerinde bulunan kireçtaşı mer- niş çapta jeolojik formasyonların korre- yumrulu kireçtaşlarına geçilir. Bu dü- ceklerinden elde eddlen lasyonunda kullanılan konodontlardan zey içinde bol olarak Conocoryphe, Oneotodus tenu4s yararlanarak, ülkemizin bir bölgesinin Öoryneocochus, vb. gibi Orta Kambriyen stratigrafisini biraz daha aydınlığa ka- Fumishina furnishi yaşındaki tribolitlere ve akrotretid bra- Hertzima bisulcata vuşturmak ve dolayısiyle jeolojik yapısı- kiyopodlara rastlanılmıştır. Daha üste nın daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkıda bu- doğru kil oranının artıp, kireç oranının gibi konodontlardan formasyon tabanı- lunmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu fosil gittikçe azalarak, Çaltepe Kireçtaşı'nın, nın Orta-Üst Kambriyen yaşlı olduğu grubunun yalmz Kambriyen ile Üst Tri- genellikle bir mikalı kiltaşı-sdlttaşı arda- anlaşılır. yas arasında bulunması nedeniyle, Orta Toroslar'da çalışma bölgemiz olan Alan- ya-Anamur-Konya arasındaki kesimde (şekil 1) sadece bu yaşlardaki formas- yonlar incelenmiştir. Belirtilen bölge içinde olmakla be- raber, Bozkır-Hadim yöresinin N. özgül tarafından çalışılması nedeni ile, bu yö- re faunası şimdilik çalışma dışı bırakıl- mıştır. Materiyel ve Yöntem Gerek profiller şeklinde, gerekse da- ğınık olmak üzere, bölgeden 1000 i aş- kın birer kg lık kireçtaşı ve ender ola- rak da marn örneği alınmıştır. Laboratu- varda % 15-20 lik formik asit veya asetik asitle eritilen kayaçlarm kalıntıları bi- noküler mikroskopta incelenerek gerek- li faunanın kazanılmasına çalışılmıştır. İncelenen formasyonların genellikle şelf tortullarından oluşmuş olması, kalıntıla- rın fazlalığına ve ayrıca çoğunlukla da steril olmalarına neden olmuştur. Kalın- tıların, taneleri tek tek gözden geçirile- meyecek kadar çok olduğu hallerde bro- moform ile bir ayrım yapılmış ve kono- dontlarm özgül ağırlığı 2.8 gr/cms den fazla olduğundan, bir konsantre elde et- me yoluna gidilmiştir .Konodont fauna- sı tayin edildikten sonra, levha hazırlan- masına esas teşkil edecek olanları Ras- ter-Elektronen-Mikroskobu ile Bonn-Pa- leontoloji Enstitüsü'nde 30 KV luk geri- lim altında incelenmek ve resmedilmek amacıyla vakumda altın ile kaplanmış- tır. STRATİGRAFİ Kambriyen Seydişehir ve Hadim-Bağbaşı köyü yöresinde görülmüştür. En alt düzeyin- de Bağbaşı yöresinde, koyu renkli bir şeyi serisi bulunur. Üzerine, yaklaşık 60 m kalınlığında ve yer yer dolomitik, alt- ta açık gri ve kalın tabakalı, üste doğ- Sekil 1: Yer buldum haritası (Numaralar konodont faunası bulunan profilleri göster- ru gittikçe ince tabakalı ve kırmızımsı mektedir). gri olan Çaltepe kireçtaşları gelir (Dean Figüre 1: Location map (îCumbers show the profiles which contain conodont-fauna). ORTA TOROS KONODONTLARI 37 Ordovîsiyen gibi türlerle de, Arenigiyen'm varlığı an- Baltoniodus triangularis Hem Seydişehir Formasyonu'nun laşılır. Prioniodusevae Acontiodus arcuatus üst kısmını oluşturur, hem de "Ara zo- "Ara zonu" Ordovisiyen'i, bu zon Oistodus inaequalis nu" (-zone separatrice, sensu Blument- içinde yer yer faylanmış küçük bloklar hai, 1951) içerisinde (şekil 3), Kaş Yay- halinde görülür. En iyi görüldüğü yer- gibi konodontlarla Alt Arenigiyen yaşı lası - Beldibi Yaylası ve Boncuk Tepe lerden biri ise, Demirtaş-Hadim orman saptanmış, ayrıca bunun 5 km kuzey- batısında faylanmış olarak görülür. Her yolunun Kaş Yaylası kuzey çıkışındaki batısında, Boncuk Tepe güneybatı ya- iki kuşakta da, klastik bir seri olarak çeşmenin 50 m kuzeybatısında, yolun macında bulunan oluşmuştur. Seydişehir Formasyonu Or- kuzeydoğu yamacmdadır. Genellikle mi- Cordylodus angulatus dovisiyen'i, gerek tip yerinde ve gerekse kalı, ince taneli kumtaşlarmdan oluşan ise, Alt Tremadosiyen'in (Pakerortiyen) Bağbaşı yöresinde bol mikalı kiltaşı - ve yer yer kırmızımsı kireçtaşı tabaka- varlığını ortaya koymuştur. miltaşı ağdalanmasından oluşur (şekil ları içeren yaklaşık 50 m kalınlığındaki 2). Bazı düzeylerinde iz fosillerden bu seri alttan ve üstten faylanmış olup, Silüriyen Phycodes cvrcirnatus çok yaygındır. Alt altında Triyas klastikleri, üstünde ise Sadece ara zonunda faylanmış ola- düzeylerinden elde edilen Silüriyen-Devoniyen kireçtaşları görü- rak görülmüştür. 20 km kalınlığında, Proconodontus mülleri lür. ince-orta tabakalı, az bitümlü, brakiyo- Oîstodus minutus podlu, koyu renkli kireçtaşlarmdan olu- Paltodus deltifer İçinde iz fosillerden Cruziana ef. şur. En iyi görüldüğü yer Beldibi Yay- gibi konodontlarla Tremadosiyen'dn ve furcifera görülen bu tortullardan elde lası kuzeyindeki Karasay Tepe batısın- Scandodus fumishi edilen, daki vadide, yol üzerindeki hanın bu- Stolodus stoîa Drepanoistodm forceps lunduğu yerdir (Darı Deresi - Pazaralanı Distacodus rhombicus Microzarkodinaflabellum Deresi kavşağı). Konodontca oldukça fa- kir olan bu kireçtaşlarmdan elde edilen, Spathognathodus steinhornensis eosteinhornensis PTectospathodus extensus Lonchodinasp. Üst Silüriyen'i göstermektedir. Devoniyen Alt Devoniyen. Sadece ara zonun- da görülmüştür. Tipik olarak yukarıda belirtilen Silüriyen yüzeylemesinin bu- lunduğu yerde görülür. Çok kumlu bryo- zoa ve brakiyopodalı, gri, orta tabakalı kireçtaşlarmdan oluşur. Bunlardan elde edilen, Neoprioniodus bicurvatus Icriodus uooschmidti Ozarkodina m 'edia Jedıiniyenl göstermektedir. Orta-Ust Devoniyen. Muzvadi pale- ozoik'i, altta kalınlığı 1000 m yi aşan şeyllerden, üstte ise birkaçyüz metre kalınlığındaki kireçtaşlarmdan oluşur. Alttaki klastik serinin alt ve orta dü- zeylerinden alman örnekler hiçbir fauna vermemiş, ancak üst 300 m lik kısmın altında şeyller içinde bulunan brakiyo- podalı, kumlu kireçtaşlarmdan alman birkaç örnekten (FM-13, Kereniz Köyü) elde edilen, Icriodus brevis Pölygnafhus cf. xtyus Spathognathodus sp. gibi konodontlarla Üst Jivesiyen-Frani- yen yaşı saptanmıştır. Alt Karbonifer Sadece Muzvadi yöresinde, Devoni- yen yaşlı tabakalann yaklaşık 200 m ka- 38 GEDÎK ayrışma rengi sarımtırak olan 3-5 m kalınlığında, yer yer lumaşelli kireçtaşı- kiltaşı ardalanması oturur. Çamlıca Kö- yü, Candanlı Mahallesinde (C-53) bunA lar içinde, Anchignathodus typicalis bulunmuştur. Bu konodont Permiyen- Triyas smır zonunun karakteristik bir fosilidir. Bunun biraz üzerinde ise, ge- nellikle Orta Triyas'da çok görülen, Prioniodina (Flabellignathus)petra- eviridis görülmüştür. Şekil 4'te görüldüğü gibi, üste doğ- ru pelitik-psammitik bir seri olarak de- vam eden bu formasyonun kalınlığı 1000 m yi aşar. Demirtaş Kaş Yaylası üze- rinde Kocaoğlan-Beslengiller Mahalleleri arasında ,bu klastikler içerisindeki kireç- taşı merceklerinden elde edilen, (C-O), Gladigondolella mdlayensis Metapolygnathus polygnathiformis Enantiognathus ziegleri vb. bu serinin en azından Karniyen'e kadar uzandığım kanıtlar. Serinin yüzeylediği bölgenin değişik yerlerinden alman örneklerden elde edi- len fosiller, yine Triyas yaşını vermiş- tir. Arazonu Triyas'ı. (şekil 3) bu zonun değişik yerlerinden alman örneklerle, se- ri içinde Orta ve Üst Triyas'm varlığı anlaşılmış olup, Alt Triyas'm varlığına dair ise bazı işaretler görülmüştür. Tüm Triyas'ı kapsadığı düşünülen bu zon içinde, Alt Triyas kesin olarak saptanmamışsa da, yer yer rastlanan 5- 10 m lik gevrek kireçtaşları düzeylerin- de Skitiyen'e işaret eden bazı kalıntılar vardır. Orta Triyas ise, genellikle kiltaşı - kumtaşı ardalanmasından oluşan ve yer yer gri kireçtaşı ve kırmızı, ince radyo- larit veya çörtlü kireçtaşı tabakaları içeren bir seri olarak görülür. Bu seri içinde, Manavgat-Akseki yolu üzerinde, dar üstünde, yine klastik tortullar için- de etme olanağı olmamıştır. Fakat bu Murtiçi'nin 700 m kadar kuzeyinde (ör- deki kumlu kireçtaşlarmdan (FM-ll'i bölgede önceden yapılan çalışmalarda nek No: Mi.), şu konodont faunası elde edilmiştir: (Güvenç, 1965), bu kireçtaşlarınm Üst Gnathodus delicatus Karbonifer-Permiyen yaşlarında olduğu Gladigondolella Tethydis Bispathodus costatus sulciferus saptanmıştır. Neogondolella constricta murtitchi- Polygnathus aff. communis ensis Pseudopöltyygnathusprimus s. 1. Triyas Gypridodella subsymmetrica vb. Bu fauna ise Üst Turnezyen - Vize- Sedre Triyas'ı. 1/500 000 ölçekli Tür- Prioniodina {Flabellignathus) spp. yen yaşını göstermektedir. kiye Jeoloji Haritasında
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