H E L PS F O R S K AT

P U P I LS

FLORENCE LI ND ER MCOOLL

NEW YORK

M E NK I NS C O . W I LLI A R . J

P U B LI S H E R S

851 -853 SI ' TH A V EN UE

All R ig hts R eserved 0 t 1906 1908 opyrigh , ,

’ By F LORENCE LI ND ER MC JOLL

PRINTE D B' THE

I LL I AM R EN PRESS OF W . J KLNS Go. NEW ' ORK PREFA CE

When the figst e dition of thi s little book w as p ublished it was intended s o lely fo r u se i n my classes but its sim li cit and conve nienc o , p y e f r refe rence h ave appealed ftof Skat pl ayers at l arg e and the demand for it has ivarran ted th e s e con d edition which is now O ffere d W ith added s ub ect , ' m atter of intere st kee in the ori inal s acin and , p g g p g

rr n men f a a g e t o g ames .

FLO ENCE L I D ER M O R N OC LL. CONTE NTS

Simple Rules or Laws

Unit Val ue of Gam es and Co unting Val ue of Card s

Description of Games

Position at the Table and H O W to Bid Bidding — Matadores an d M ul tipliers Valu e of t he Hand

General Rul es for P lay

Tourné Solo Grand Solo

Grand G uckser Grand Tourné

Grand f Ouvert

N ullo — — N ullo G uckser N u ll Ou vert Revolution Ramsch Advice Scoring SIMPLE RULES OR LAWS

C UTTI NG

b t Ace is high in cutting , u low deals . h Cards must be by the player to t e right of the dealer . e Cut always toward the d aler .

SHUFFLIN G'

Before each d eal the cards should be s huf' ed at least three times without exposing a card .

D EAL It is customary for the player at the left of the score lzeep er to take the first deal and the deal passes in or der to the left . re s 7 32 cards only a u ed ; all below the being deleted , and

r—2 they are dealt as follows ' 3 t o each playe on the table ,

4 3 . face down (the Skat) ; then , then E e e as an ach deal repr sents a gam , but there must be m y deals a s there are players to complete a round .

If a card is faced there must be a new deal .

When there are fou r players the dealer take s no cards . i s 1 f or a o not lose Dealer fined 0 points misde l , but d es his d eaL

N O n as and trick but the o e l t turned ' uitted can be seen , an d that only before a card for the next trick is led . A an r or player who examines y but the last t ick taken , a counts the points therein , loses the game nnounced . R e evoke los s game . a or of n a Le ding playing out tur loses g me .

a . Trick s must. be k ept separ ted UN IT VALUE OF GAMES

F ra e or Sim in D am on d s 1 G ran d T g p le . i ou rn é 12 H ea rts 2 S p a d es 3 G u c k ser W o n 12

Clu bs 4 s . Lo t 24 Ouver t 24 I n D i am on d s 5 H ea r ts 6 Ram sch 20 S a d es p 7 u 1 la e r t ak I n r u p y g n o t i ck s 39 C lu bs 8 u 2 p la yers 50

in Di am on d s 9 H e a r ts 10 N u llo Sp ad es 16 C lu bs 12 L o s t 32 Ou v ert 40 ’ P ass N ch Tou rn L oses d ouble o u t n t i t é . . Rev l io 60

There are three kinds of game s ' F irst—Where both suits F s . e and Jacks are rage, Tourn and Solo . Second

a . s Where Jacks lone are trumps Grand and R amsch . — ’ Third W here there are no trumps . N ullos . m N s In all ga es but ullos Jacks are the four be t trumps, ' s of and rank as follows Jack of Club , Jack Spades , Jack

of H . R r earts, Jack of Diamonds emaining cards in t ump

A 1 . . and plain suits rank ' . , 0 , K , Q , 9 , 8 , 7 . F r e and s In age , Tourn and Solo , Jacks a suit are trump , e making eleven trumps , and s ven cards in each plain suit . a s R s s In Gr nd and amsch Jack only are trump , and there are seven cards in each suit . s an In N ullos there are no trumps , Jacks lo e their value d

. J . 10 9 7 a i A . K . 8 n c n cards rank , , Q , , , , , , m ki g eight ards each suit .

COUNTING VALUE OF CARD S

each 11 44 To win ame 61 oin s m us t be e 4 Aces, g p t mad a ch 10 40 4 Te n s, e 16 4 K i n g s, e a ch 4 u ea ch 3 12 Th e P la er ose s i n c a se o f a ie 4 Q een s, y l t 2 8 4 J ac k s, ea ch — — Total 120 P oi nts not trick s count f or g ame 6 — RN E A I FRAGE , TOU N D SOL O

an u nd s Jacks d suits are tr mps , a game values are increa ed by multipliers . — an n F rage The Player takes up the Skat, d an ounces the trump . _ on of Tou rné Th e Player turns up e the Skat cards , the suit of which becomes trump . — So lo The Player declares the trump from his hand and plays without the Skat . ’ — Pass t N icht Tourné A Tourné in which the card turned not r does suit the Playe ; he then looks at the other, which must be the trump . — 2 GRANDS AND RAMSCH

Jacks only are trumps , and each game has a unit value,

increased in Grands , by multipliers . T e— e a Grand ourn The Player bids for Tourn , but turning

Jack may announce G rand . Grand Solo—The Player announces Grand and plays with ou t the Skat . — Grand G u ck ser The Player plays Grand with the help of the Skat . O — ‘ r l o and Grand uvert The Playe p ays with hand exp sed ,

must take every trick . R amsch is played when no on e bids ; P layer taking mos t points loses .

— fi no s s . The Game h as ' ed value trump , no multiplier

Player must not take a trick . — G u ck ser N ullo The Player h as the help of the Skat .

- Nullo The Player does not have the he lp of the Skat . N l — u lo Ouvert The Player plays without the Skat, and with

hand exp o sed . R — a and evolution The Player plays without the Sk t, with

a ' s and a t . h nd e po ed, opponents may consult s o play 7 M id d l eh a nd

F oreh and Ba ck h an d

D ea l er

F orehand or eldest- hand (Vorhand) is left of the Dealer and always has the first lead . F d Middlehand (Mittelhand) is on the left of orehand, an has the first bid .

H n th e Backhand ( interha d) is on left of Middlehand . d When three play , Dealer is Backhan . i “i When four play , Dealer takes no cards ; he s m Skat and f o s hares the fortunes o the opp nents .

HOW TO BID

M an has sa and s F o e an iddleh d the first y bid to r h d , who “ s h a s must ay yes (meaning he as good a hand) , if he has of l b a game e' ua value , it eing his privilege to retain the bid If Mid dlehand does not wish to bi d or if F orehand refuses ff to let him have the game at his highest o er , then Back F s hand can bid to orehand , but must rai e the bid “ ' I f F orehand says no to Middlehand (meaning that he has ff not as good a game as he is O ered) , then Backhand can bid o n no h av t Middleha d , but must raise the bid , Middlehand w ing the privilege of retaining the bid I f no r neither Middle Backhand bid , or if their bids are F a refused by orehand , he may name the g me ; if he has no

e t o d R a . gam O er, amsch must be p l yed The successful bidder announces the game and is called “ ' h a h c a a ns hi m T e Pl yer, t e others ombine g i t .

8 BID D IN G

Bid T é ' 2 2 a i ro ourn with Jacks and Aces and third su t p ; t ected ; with 3 J ack s and 1 A ce ; with 1 Jack and 3 Aces ; with l

1 Jack and 3 good suits and void of fourth suit .

Bid Solo with ' 5 trumps and 3 outside tricks ; with 6 trumps and 2 outside tricks ; with 7‘ trumps and 1 outside

* r o u t o trick . O if the hand c nts up eight, counting each

a nd on D trump and each outside Ace guarded ten as e . o not n bid Solo with 7 trump s a d no outside tricks .

Bid Grand with ' 4 Jacks and a long suit ; with 3 Jacks es of of and an tablished suit ; with Jack Clubs , Jack Spades , and 5 sure tricks in t w o suits ; when F orehand with 2 or 1 3, 2 Jacks and suits , Jack and suits ; when Mid 1 4 2 3 . d leh and with Jacks and suits , or Jack and suits

n o a k a h d h n d Wit h J c s , the Pl yer s oul ave ' 4 Aces a 3 tens ; or 3 Aces and 4 tens .

Bid G uck ser Grand when you have dangerous cards to lay away . D O not bid with 4 Jacks and no outside protection . Bid Grand Ouvert with ' 4 Jacks and Ace and 5 small cards ; with 4 Jacks and 4 Aces and 2 tens . F —J of f C lu bs of d s When orehand with ack , Jack Spa e and an Of of H s established suit ; with Jack Clubs , Jack eart ,

a s an an s . Jack of Di mond , d establi hed suit

N a Bid ullo with ' A weak hand with low c rds . D O not bid without the seven of your long suit .

Bid Nullo Ouvert with ' A hand so weak that it can be played wi th cards exposed .

When the Pl ayer takes up the Skat cards he must discard “ ' s in or lay away two card their place .

*B ermiss on of r F r M . . s e yp i R . Fo t . 9 MATAD ORES AN D MULTIPLIERS

VALUE OF TH E HAND — Matadores A se' uence 0 trump cards beginning with the l of . Jack C ubs , and ending when the se' uence is broken

- 91 S chneider Making points . — l Schwarz Taking a l tricks .

To find full value of the hand multiply the unit value of the game by ; 1 for game ; 2 for game with ; 3 for game with Schneider announced ; 3 for game with Schwa rz ; 4 for game with Schwarz after announcing Schneider ; 5 for 1 a game with Schwarz announced , and for each M tadore that “ ' “ the Player is with or without . ’ N n é G u ck ser uck s N Pass t icht Tour , Grand , and G er ullo c lose double , and with them S hneider and Schwarz cannot be announced .

ADVIC E FO R BIDDING

E an xamine the h and d decide on its bidding value .

R . emember that points , not tricks , count for game R emember that though Jacks have the highes t trick taki ng value , they count but two toward game . n With suits of e' ual length , make trump the o e with the

on . weaker cards , relying the stronger suit for outside tricks

Try and infer what game is being bid for against y ou .

D O not overbid your hand .

10 G ENER A L RuLfi s

FO R THE PLAYER

1 s . Lead trump , then long suit With Jack, Ace , ten and t wo small cards , lead low . With two Jacks , Ace , ten and two f s r small cards , lead Jacks , then low . With Jack o Club , o

r 1O . Jack Of Spades , and small ca ds only, lead W With two

- d . or more Jacks of e' ual value , under lea — Plain Suit Leads With an established suit , lead it . With

. r a long Ace , King suit , lead the Ace With a sho t Ace, King

a . suit , lead low . With ten , King only, lead ten W H r hen Third and discard losing cards , if the t icks are worthles s , but trump if you want the lead .

FOR OPPO NENTS

Watch the fall of the cards .

‘ t throu h an d to h e Lea d long sui g the Player , short suit t

Player .

Get the Player in the middle . e no s ea If the Play r does t lead trump , l d them through him . r s n Play the highest ca d of the uit, o matter how low, on ’ ’ partner s t rick and the lowest on the Player s . H Ace f a th on olding both and ten O suit , discard e Ace ’ partner s trick . A a an ce a s . Keep a guarded ten , rather th n , t the la t

Protect t h e suit your partner discards . a ar e n is With Ace, King and two sm ll c ds , wh the Player in the middle, lead the King . n r k When part er leads sho t to the Player, overtake his tric and return the suit .

L ead a singleton ten to the Player. s In Solo , lead Aces and change suits .

In Grands , lead always the long suit . N In ullos , lead singleton or short suits .

11 TOURNE

é Tourn (to Player turns one Of the Skat cards , m t he the suit of which beco es trump , adds other card to his

t w o . hand , and lays away cards and Jacks a suit are trumps, game values are increased by multipliers , Schneider and Schwarz cannot be announced . PO S ITI ON

F or ehand is the best position . of ' 5 H s Unit Value the game Diamonds , ; eart , 6 ; Spades ,

7 8 . ; Clubs ,

Value of the lowest bid is t en . There are eleven trumps and seven cards in each plain suit .

“

an . Cards r k Ace , ten , King, Queen , nine , eight and seven B IDDING Bid for Tourné -with ' 2 ' Jacks and 2 Aces and a third suit protected ; 3 Jacks and 1 Ace ; 1 Jack and 3 Aces ; 1 Jack and

3 good suits and void of fourth suit . RULES FO R TH E PLAYER of Lay away high trumps when in danger, or high cards plain suits , such as singleton tens , or from long Ace , ten s uits . d With ten and a small car in one suit, and a singleton in

t . another , lay away the ten and single on L a to r an y away st engthen a long suit, d rid the hand of one suit . or When in the middle backhand position , the first Ob'ect is t o Obtain the lead . LEADS FO R T H E PLAYER

If strong in trumps , lead best trump , then small . c t en If too weak to lead trumps , lead A es , preferably, Ace , suits . O P P O NENTS ’ PLAYS P Try to get the l ayer in the middle . Avoid ‘ Ace leads because the Player has laid away any unprotected tens . f l n hr u Lea d a small c ard o your o g suit t o g h the Player .

Lead a sh ort suit to the Player . Lead preferably from suits which contain neither Ace nor ten . ru a If holding the lowest Jack and a small t mp , pl y the d Jack on the first roun to give your partner information . C PASS ’T NIC H T TOURNE A Tourné in wh ich the Player is not suited with the firs t a s c rd he turns , he then faces the other, which mu t be the

a né . trump . Play s Tour 12 SOLO

s So lo (a lone) . The Player announces a trump and play

“ on without the assistance of the Skat , though the points c f a ine d therein count for him at the end of the game . Jacks and a suit are trumps , game values are increased by multi a d c b pliers ; Schneider n S hwarz can e announced . PO SITI O N

t . Forehand is the best , if s rong in trumps t l u Backhand is best , if wi h ong weak tr mps and short suits . UNIT VALUES OF THE GAM E

9 H a 10 a 1 1 u 12. Diamonds , ; e rts , ; Sp des , Cl bs , f w h Value o the lo est bid is eig teen .

h are v c t . T ere eleven trumps, and se en cards in ea h plain sui

A c K u and . Cards rank ' e , ten , ing , Q een , nine , eight seven B IDDING Bid Solo with ; 5 trumps and 3 outside tricks ; 6 trumps O and 2 outside tricks ; 7 trumps and 1 outside trick . r if the hand counts up to eight , counting each trump , and each A c e r outside and gua ded ten as one . A 7 counting Solo is generally safe for forehand and back

- hand when holding a good three card suit to establish . bi Do not d with 7 trumps and no outside tricks . LEA D S FOR TH E PLAYER

Alway s lead trumps . — With all four Jacks , lead Jack of Clubs , then under lead

- with three best Jacks , under lead ; with three Jacks , without l the Jack of C ubs , lead until it falls ; with Jack of Clubs and

Jack of Spades , lead Jack of Spades ; with Jack of Spades s and Jack of Diamond , lead Jack of Diamonds ; with Jack H f H of Spades and Jack of earts , lead Jack O earts ; with H d Jack of earts and Jack of Diamon s , lead a Jack only 1 when you have the Ace and ten also ; with but Jack , not the

Jack of Clubs , lead a low trump . O PPO N ENTS ’ P LAY

“ s i n u h n h . Lead Aces and cha g e s it . Get t e Player t e middle Play the h ighest card of the suit on partner’s trick and the ’ w n lo est o the Player s . m i n a . With ten , King su ts, lead King . Avoid leading fro te ces ’ a on t k Pl y Ace second hand par ner s lead , but eep command of ’ the Player s suit . a k w n o a o f Usu lly cover a Jac it h a Jack, but do t pl y the Jack w le d Clubs second hand on the lo est Jack . K With ten and Queen of a suit , cover a ing led . c t f Dis ard o get rid o a suit .

* B nd on M . F . F os e y ki permissi of r. R t r. 13 GRAND SOLO

a Grand Solo . The Pl yer plays without the help of the S kat , though the points contained therein count for him at

of . a re the end the game Jacks the only trumps , the unit value o f the game is increased by multipliers ; Schneider and

Schwarz can be announced . P O S ITI O N — F orehand i s the best Middlehand is the worst . Unit

1 6 . 32 . value of the game , Value of the lowest bid is There a n are four trumps and seven cards in each suit . C rds ra k , t Ace , ten , King , Queen , nine , eigh and seven . BIDDING Bid Grand with ' 4 Jacks and a long suit ; 3 Jacks and — an established suit Jack of Clubs and Jack of Spades and

5 sure tricks in t w o suits .

R ealize the import ance of position- when F orehand bid

2 2 or 1 ‘ ' with Jacks and suits , Jack and 3 suits . When Mi d d l h and 2 i 1 4 e bid with Jacks and 3 s u ts , or Jack and s uits . s 4 an ns With n o Jack the Player should have Aces d 3 te , or 3 Aces and 4 ten s . RULES FO R THE PLA' ER

- Under lead the Jacks as in Solo . W h 4 l s 3 a a a a it Jacks , lead ong uit ; with J cks, le d J ck ; 2 2 n with best Jacks , lead one ; with losi g Jacks , do not lead one s s t d unles trong in at least three sui s , lea the longest suit and try to force the adversaries ; with 1 Jack and all four s suits , lead a Jack ; with no Jacks , lead Ace and change from suit to suit . a s n r If a trick in uit must be lost , lose it at o ce , befo e ’ n the adversary s partner ca fatten . RULES FOR OPPO NENTS

o Always lead the l ng suit , never a singleton .

G et the Player in the middle . ’ d s Keep command of the Player s suit , o not help him e tab lish it . 14 G u ck ser (to Player plays Grand with the help h of the Skat . Jacks are the only trumps ; t e unit value of the game is increased by multipliers, but Schneider and

Schwarz cannot be announced . P O S ITI O N F orehand is the best , though position is not so important as in most case s . Unit value of the game 12 24 If won , ; if lost, . o 24 Value of the l west bid is .

r There are four trumps and seven ca ds in each suit .

a s ank e C rd r Ace , ten , King, Qu en , nine, eight and seven . B IDDIN G Bid G u ck ser only when you want to lay away cards that are in danger . bid 2 When in Middlehand or Backhand position , with

Jacks and 3 Aces ; or 3 Jacks and 2 Aces . an D O not bid with 4 Jacks d no outside protection . LAYING AW AY

D O not lay away from your long suit . are Lay away high counting cards that in danger .

Lay away unguarded tens . With ten and a small c a rd of one suit and a singleton of

. another, lay away the ten and the singleton

LEADS' FO R TH E PLAYER

Lead Jacks as in Grand Solo , then Ace , ten suits ; with w A ce Ace ten King lead Ace , then King ; ith and four or , , , more small cards lead the Ace ; with Ace and three sm a ll ,

a . cards , lead low ; with ten , King only , le d ten RU LES FOR OPPO N ENTS

Lead a long suit, never a singleton .

Le ad King from ten , King . ’ Keep comman d of the Player s suit .

' Discard an Ace rathe r than a guarded ten .

Discard singletons , GRAND TOURNE

f r e. or n b n Grand Tou n The Player bids Tour é , u t tur ing a

Jack may announce Grand . ’ If the second card turned in Pass t N icht Tourne is a Jack it can also be played a Grand , but loses double . Jacks are the only trumps ; the unit value of the game -is increased by rs multiplie ; Schneider and Schwarz cannot be announced .

P O SITI O N h F ore and is the best .

Unit value of game is 1 2 .

of i - Value the lowest bid s twenty four .

a There re four trumps and seven cards in each suit .

Cards rank Ace , ten , King , Queen , nine , eight and seven .

BIDDIN G

Pl ay G rand Tourné when the suit of the Jack turned is u n favorable as a trump and there is a chance t o win the game as a Grand .

RULES FOR TH E PLAYER

Lead play as in G u ck ser Grand .

RULES FO R O PPO NENTS

Lead play as in Gu ck ser Grand .

16

N n r . ullo (no e) . The Player must not take a t ick Game has a fixed value ; there are no trumps , no multipliers .

PO S ITI O N

F . Backhand is the best . orehand is the worst

f 20 . F ixed value o the game .

i 20 . e . Value of b d , There are ight cards in each suit

A e . Cards rank ce, King , Queen , Jack , ten , nine , ight , seven

BIDDING

s Bid N ullo with a very weak hand with low card . Do not bid without the seven of your long suit or when holding ten

or . and e ight of a suit , either long short

RULES F O R THE PLAYER

r Lead a singleton eight o nine.

With the nine and seven only in a suit , lead the nine .

n . With the King and seven only in a suit, lead the seve

Do not lead a singleton seven . D o not lead a long suit ending with nine and seven .

D o - not lead a six card suit .

r e Discard dangerous ca ds , or to g t rid of a suit .

RULES FOR O PPO NENTS

Lead singletons or short suits . ’ ’ rn n Always retu partner s lead , ever the Player s .

Lead the suit your partner discards .

- l t o . With three card suits , lead the middle card , hen w of With Ace and seven , or King and seven a suit , lead high , the n low . ’ D O of n not overtake the Player s original lead a ni e.

Discard weakness .

18 GUCKSER NULLO

k N o of G u c ser N ullo . A ull where the Player has the help N . o e the Skat . Game has a fixed value trumps, no multipli rs .

The Player must not take a trick .

P O SITI O N Backhand is best 1 F . on 6 2 W 3 . ixed value of the game , lost

Value of bid is sixteen .

There are eight cards in each suit . k i Cards ran Ace , K ng, Queen , Jack, ten , seven .

BIDDING

B i d G u ck ser Nullo when you have a N ullo hand with one two dangerously high cards that you want to lay away .

RULES FOR THE PLAYER

Play as in Nullo .

RULES FO R OPPO NENTS

Play as in Nullo .

NULL OUVERT N ull Ouvert (open) . A N ullo so weak that it can be pl ayed with cards exposed .

F ixed value of the game is 40 .

REVOLUTIO N

N A ullo so weak that it can be played with cards exposed, a nd c allowing opponents to onsult as to play . F 60 ixed value of the game is .

19 RAMSCH '

R amsch i s played when no one bids . The player receiving

n . the most points loses the game . Jacks are the o ly trumps There are no multipliers ; the game has a fixed value ; the Skat belongs to the player taking the last trick . — VALUE OF THE GAME 2 0

no no 30 . If one player takes trick, If two players take

50 . ie trick In case of a t , the player taking the last trick

. s loses There are four trumps , as in Grand , and even cards in C a rd s ‘ rank each suit . Ace , ten , King, Queen , nine , eight and seven .

PLA' OF TH E GAME

‘ E ach pl ayer is for himself and tries t o force points on h is

Opponents . s ne With losing Jack , lead o .

t o f - Lead the p o two card suits .

- Lead the intermediate card from three card suits . Keep the lowest card Of your long suit in order t o avoid the lead .

a a s one If you have to take t rick in uit, take it before a s c n dver ary a discard . rid s a n Try to get of a suit by di c rdi g .

20 ADVICE

It is more dangerou s t o bid without than with . D O not dra w too close an inference from the lowbids of poor players , they may hold the high cards which you hope t o fi nd in the Skat . s are a a s an Remember that all Jack not M t dore , d do not mis use the word . s s Sacrifice high card willingly when neces a ry . 1 Learn to count 6 .

’ w no ' s n of ours n n Allo word or e pre sio y to i ' ue ce a play .

AS THE PLA' ER

Be carefu l Of passing tricks if it the wrong hand in the lead . R ealize the importance Of holding the Ace and ten of

r - t umps in seven counting solos .

AS O PPO NENTS

Keep the Player in the middle . on n When he sits your left, lead your lo g suit through him ; on r when he is your right, you short suit to him . Play for p osition in all games where Jacks and suit are “ ' “ an trump s , leading your long suit through d your short ' s suit to . Where Jack alone are trumps, play always your t o one e long suit hoping force ; it is your best defenc . e a b If you hav a p oor partner, do not make worse one y

na k = a e u s ed f or criticism or dvic .

21 SCORING

The following method Of scoring and balancing has bee n “ in general use for many years .

If the Player wins , he is scored the value of his game . it s If he loses , he is scored value, and subse' uent points w on or are f scOre lost added to or deducted rom his , as follows

E' PLANAT IO N O F S C O RE n 24 20 A wi s first game ; A loses second game , which leaves his score 4 ; B w i-ns third game 1 6 ; C loses fourth 3 game 48 ; D wins fifth game 40 ; A wins s ixth game 3 , W 37 1 0 hich makes him ; A wins seventh game , which m 47 1 s akes him ; B loses eighth game 8 , which make

4 40 . 2 . ' 47 2 8 him Total A , ; B , ; C , ; D ,

METH O D S OF B ALANC ING

A B c

47 48

+ 49 95 7 46 42 88 88

229 123

49 for A ; 49 f or B 95 for A; 9 5 f or C 7 for A ; 7 f o r D

49 for B ; 49 for A + 46 for B ; 46 for C

1 42 for B ; 42 for D — ’ 0 4s to A s + 47 - 95 f or C ; - 95 f or A — ’ 0 48 to B s 2 46 for C ; + 46 f or B — ’ C 48 t O D s + 4O - 88 f or C ; + 88 f or D ’ D + 40 t o A s + 47 — 7 f or D ; + 7 f or A ’ D 4o t o B s 2

e o of n w o an Simpl meth d scoring , showi g games n d s r us ing ame figures as in p eceding example .

E' PLANATI O N O F SCO RING

h s 1 lii s If Player wi ns his game , e score in his (p ) game of a w on t ad col u mn , and the value the g me in poin column ; v ersari es scoring nothing on that deal . 1 If Player loses , he scores in his (minus) game column , and nothing in his point column ; but the adversaries place the value Of the game he has lost in their point columns , and nothing in their game columns .

After the desired number of rounds have been played , add ’ fi rst the number of each player s games won and games lost , ’ and deduct the lesser from the greater, then add each player s points . o f d F i rst prize for greatest number games won , after educt s n n s i ng those lost . Second prize for greate t umber of poi t wen . 23 METH O D OF BALANCING Q

- n is v ' While bala cing unnecessary , the following e ample shows that it will give the same resul t as previous method .

95 7 46 42 88 88

’ A + 1 33 t o B s 84 49 for A ; 49 for B ’ A 1 33 to C s 38 95 for A ; 95 for C ’ A to D s 1 26 7 for A ; 7 for D ’ B to A s 1 33 49 for B ; 49 f or A ’ B to C s 38 z 46 for B ; 46 for C ’ B to D s 1 26 42 for B ; 42 for D ’ 38 t o A s 1 33 9 5 for C ; 95 f or A ’ C 38 t o B s 84 46 for C ; 46 f or B ’ C 38 to D s 1 26 88 for C ; 88 for D ’ D 1 26 to A s 1 33 7 for D ; 7 f or A ’ D 1 26 to B s 1 84 z 42 for D ; 42 f or B ’ D 1 26 to C s 38 88 for D ; 88 for 0

NOTE The game values given in this book are the authentic counts

- t h e a an s i s in use to day . A change in v lue of Gr d to be pro posed at the next Co ngres s and will doubtless be adopted . “ ' The N ew ' ork enhanced value s are not Offi cial or in g en eral use .

C O MPARATIVE GRAND VALUES

A m er i ca n G erm an N e w ' ork a n d G e rm an V a r i a ted E nh a n c ed Grand Tourne 1 2 1 2 1 2 G u ck ser Won 1 2 1 5 1 8 G u ck ser Lost 24 30 36 Grand Solo 1 6 20 24 Grand Ouvert 24 24 Omitted

B erm i ssi on of M r J h a r es E ich rn D i rec or of y p . . C l o , t ri c k a L a u Ame an S t e g e . 24