Chemistry from Mcgill University in 1943 and 1946

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Chemistry from Mcgill University in 1943 and 1946

The 1997 Ralph and Helen Oesper Awardee Honoring Rudolph A. Marcus (Nobel, 1992) Rudolph A. Marcus was born in Montreal, Canada and received his BS and PhD in Chemistry from McGill University in 1943 and 1946. After postdoctoral research in experimental gas phase reactions at the National Research Council of Canada he became a postdoctoral fellow in theoretical chemistry with 0. K. Rice at the University of North Carolina. At U.N.C. he formulated the RRKM theory of unimolecular reactions. In 1951, he joined the faculty of the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn and subsequently developed the theory of electron transfer reactions, for which he later received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He joined the faculty of the University of Illinois in 1964 and in 1978 the California Institute of Technology as Noyes Professor of Chemistry. Professor Marcus' research has covered a variety of other areas in physical chemistry, including reaction coordinates and Hamiltonians, semiclassical theory, and intramolecular dynamics. Professor Marcus has received many awards, including the Wolf Prize in Chemistry, the National Medal of Science, the ACS Peter Debye and Irving Langmuir awards, and the Pauling, Richards, Gibbs, Chandler and other medals. He is the recipient of a number of honorary degrees and is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Philosophical Society, a Foreign Member of the Royal Society of London and of the Royal Society of Canada. His hobbies include skiing, tennis, music and history. He and his wife Laura, whom he met and married in 1949, have three sons. © Copyright 2003, University of Cincinnati 404 Crosley PO Box 210172, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172 Phone: 513.556.9200 Fax: 513.556.9239 Email technical questions or comments .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Pauling-Linus.Pdf
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES L I N U S C A R L P A U L I N G 1901—1994 A Biographical Memoir by J A C K D. D UNITZ Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. Biographical Memoir COPYRIGHT 1997 NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS WASHINGTON D.C. LINUS CARL PAULING February 28, 1901–August 19, 1994 BY JACK D. DUNITZ INUS CARL PAULING was born in Portland, Oregon, on LFebruary 28, 1901, and died at his ranch at Big Sur, California, on August 19, 1994. In 1922 he married Ava Helen Miller (died 1981), who bore him four children: Linus Carl, Peter Jeffress, Linda Helen (Kamb), and Edward Crellin. Pauling is widely considered the greatest chemist of this century. Most scientists create a niche for themselves, an area where they feel secure, but Pauling had an enormously wide range of scientific interests: quantum mechanics, crys- tallography, mineralogy, structural chemistry, anesthesia, immunology, medicine, evolution. In all these fields and especially in the border regions between them, he saw where the problems lay, and, backed by his speedy assimilation of the essential facts and by his prodigious memory, he made distinctive and decisive contributions. He is best known, perhaps, for his insights into chemical bonding, for the discovery of the principal elements of protein secondary structure, the alpha-helix and the beta-sheet, and for the first identification of a molecular disease (sickle-cell ane- mia), but there are a multitude of other important contri- This biographical memoir was prepared for publication by both The Royal Society of London and the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
[Show full text]
April 17-19, 2018 the 2018 Franklin Institute Laureates the 2018 Franklin Institute AWARDS CONVOCATION APRIL 17–19, 2018
april 17-19, 2018 The 2018 Franklin Institute Laureates The 2018 Franklin Institute AWARDS CONVOCATION APRIL 17–19, 2018 Welcome to The Franklin Institute Awards, the a range of disciplines. The week culminates in a grand United States’ oldest comprehensive science and medaling ceremony, befitting the distinction of this technology awards program. Each year, the Institute historic awards program. celebrates extraordinary people who are shaping our In this convocation book, you will find a schedule of world through their groundbreaking achievements these events and biographies of our 2018 laureates. in science, engineering, and business. They stand as We invite you to read about each one and to attend modern-day exemplars of our namesake, Benjamin the events to learn even more. Unless noted otherwise, Franklin, whose impact as a statesman, scientist, all events are free, open to the public, and located in inventor, and humanitarian remains unmatched Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. in American history. Along with our laureates, we celebrate his legacy, which has fueled the Institute’s We hope this year’s remarkable class of laureates mission since its inception in 1824. sparks your curiosity as much as they have ours. We look forward to seeing you during The Franklin From sparking a gene editing revolution to saving Institute Awards Week. a technology giant, from making strides toward a unified theory to discovering the flow in everything, from finding clues to climate change deep in our forests to seeing the future in a terahertz wave, and from enabling us to unplug to connecting us with the III world, this year’s Franklin Institute laureates personify the trailblazing spirit so crucial to our future with its many challenges and opportunities.
[Show full text]
2014 Chemistry Newsletter
FALL 2014 Welcome from the Head Construction Begins on Greetings from the Department of Chemistry! This has been Science Learning Center another successful year for UGA Chemistry, and I am pleased to report more good news about our department, faculty and students. University enrollment continues to grow each year – this fall, the university enrolled 35,197 students. The increase in student numbers, particularly in the rapidly growing engineering program, has created significant extra demand for Chemistry courses. This growth in instructional demand will help us to make a case for the continued growth of our faculty numbers. As I have mentioned in the past, faculty recruiting is one of the most significant and satisfying parts of my job. Jon Amster In the last year, we were able to recruit a new organic faculty member. Prof. Eric Ferreira comes to us from Colorado State University, where he established a successful and well-funded research program in synthetic organic chemistry. Eric and four Rendering of the future Science Learning Center of his graduate students moved to Athens over the summer. While his laboratory renovations are taking place, his students are hard at work in temporary space, and his program has hit he long-awaited Science Learning Center (SLC) the ground running. You can read more about Eric and his research activities inside this has finally become a reality, with groundbreaking issue of the newsletter. We have also just completed the recruitment of an organic lecturer, ceremonies attended by Governor Nathan Deal Doug Jackson. Doug is a product of our department, where he is completing his Ph.D.
[Show full text]
The World Around Is Physics
The world around is physics Life in science is hard What we see is engineering Chemistry is harder There is no money in chemistry Future is uncertain There is no need of chemistry Therefore, it is not my option I don’t have to learn chemistry Chemistry is life Chemistry is chemicals Chemistry is memorizing things Chemistry is smell Chemistry is this and that- not sure Chemistry is fumes Chemistry is boring Chemistry is pollution Chemistry does not excite Chemistry is poison Chemistry is a finished subject Chemistry is dirty Chemistry - stands on the legacy of giants Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794) Marie Skłodowska Curie (1867- 1934) John Dalton (1766- 1844) Sir Humphrey Davy (1778 – 1829) Michael Faraday (1791 – 1867) Chemistry – our legacy Mendeleev's Periodic Table Modern Periodic Table Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev (1834-1907) Joseph John Thomson (1856 –1940) Great experimentalists Ernest Rutherford (1871-1937) Jagadish Chandra Bose (1858 –1937) Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (1888-1970) Chemistry and chemical bond Gilbert Newton Lewis (1875 –1946) Harold Clayton Urey (1893- 1981) Glenn Theodore Seaborg (1912- 1999) Linus Carl Pauling (1901– 1994) Master craftsmen Robert Burns Woodward (1917 – 1979) Chemistry and the world Fritz Haber (1868 – 1934) Machines in science R. E. Smalley Great teachers Graduate students : Other students : 1. Werner Heisenberg 1. Herbert Kroemer 2. Wolfgang Pauli 2. Linus Pauling 3. Peter Debye 3. Walter Heitler 4. Paul Sophus Epstein 4. Walter Romberg 5. Hans Bethe 6. Ernst Guillemin 7. Karl Bechert 8. Paul Peter Ewald 9. Herbert Fröhlich 10. Erwin Fues 11. Helmut Hönl 12. Ludwig Hopf 13. Walther Kossel 14.
[Show full text]
Modern Physics
Modern Physics Luis A. Anchordoqui Department of Physics and Astronomy Lehman College, City University of New York Lesson VIII October 29, 2015 L. A. Anchordoqui (CUNY) Modern Physics 10-29-2015 1 / 26 Table of Contents 1 Origins of Quantum Mechanics Line spectra of atoms Wave-particle duality and uncertainty principle 2 Schrodinger¨ Equation Motivation and derivation L. A. Anchordoqui (CUNY) Modern Physics 10-29-2015 2 / 26 Seated (left to right): Erwin Schrodinger,¨ Irene` Joliot-Curie, Niels Bohr, Abram Ioffe, Marie Curie, Paul Langevin, Owen Willans Richardson, Lord Ernest Rutherford, Theophile´ de Donder, Maurice de Broglie, Louis de Broglie, Lise Meitner, James Chadwick. Standing (left to right): Emile´ Henriot, Francis Perrin, Fred´ eric´ Joliot-Curie, Werner Heisenberg, Hendrik Kramers, Ernst Stahel, Enrico Fermi, Ernest Walton, Paul Dirac, Peter Debye, Francis Mott, Blas Cabrera y Felipe, George Gamow, Walther Bothe, Patrick Blackett, M. Rosenblum, Jacques Errera, Ed. Bauer, Wolfgang Pauli, Jules-mile Verschaffelt, Max Cosyns, E. Herzen, John Douglas Cockcroft, Charles Ellis, Rudolf Peierls, Auguste Piccard, Ernest Lawrence, Leon´ Rosenfeld. (October 1933) L. A. Anchordoqui (CUNY) Modern Physics 10-29-2015 3 / 26 Origins of Quantum Mechanics Line spectra of atoms Balmer-Rydberg-Ritz formula When hydrogen in glass tube is excited by 5, 000 V discharge 4 lines are observed in visible part of emission spectrum red @ 656.3 nm blue-green @ 486.1 nm blue violet @ 434.1 nm violet @ 410.2 nm Explanation + Balmer’s empirical formula l = 364.56 n2/(n2 − 4) nm n = 3, 4, 5, ··· (1) Generalized by Rydberg and Ritz to accommodate newly discovered spectral lines in UV and IR 1 1 1 R − > (2) = 2 2 for n2 n1 l n1 n2 L.
[Show full text]
List of Nobel Laureates 1
List of Nobel laureates 1 List of Nobel laureates The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: Nobelpriset, Norwegian: Nobelprisen) are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institute, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals and organizations who make outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine.[1] They were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. Another prize, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for contributors to the field of economics.[2] Each prize is awarded by a separate committee; the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, and Economics, the Karolinska Institute awards the Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee awards the Prize in Peace.[3] Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award that has varied throughout the years.[2] In 1901, the recipients of the first Nobel Prizes were given 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2007. In 2008, the winners were awarded a prize amount of 10,000,000 SEK.[4] The awards are presented in Stockholm in an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death.[5] As of 2011, 826 individuals and 20 organizations have been awarded a Nobel Prize, including 69 winners of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.[6] Four Nobel laureates were not permitted by their governments to accept the Nobel Prize.
[Show full text]
James, Steinhauser, Hoffmann, Friedrich One Hundred Years at The
James, Steinhauser, Hoffmann, Friedrich One Hundred Years at the Intersection of Chemistry and Physics Published under the auspices of the Board of Directors of the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society: Hans-Joachim Freund Gerard Meijer Matthias Schefﬂer Robert Schlögl Martin Wolf Jeremiah James · Thomas Steinhauser · Dieter Hoffmann · Bretislav Friedrich One Hundred Years at the Intersection of Chemistry and Physics The Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society 1911–2011 De Gruyter An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libra- ries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access. More information about the initiative can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org Aut ho rs: Dr. Jeremiah James Prof. Dr. Dieter Hoffmann Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Institute for the Max Planck Society History of Science Faradayweg 4–6 Boltzmannstr. 22 14195 Berlin 14195 Berlin [email protected] [email protected] Dr. Thomas Steinhauser Prof. Dr. Bretislav Friedrich Fritz Haber Institute of the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Max Planck Society Faradayweg 4–6 Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin 14195 Berlin [email protected] [email protected] Cover images: Front cover: Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, 1913. From left to right, “factory” building, main building, director’s villa, known today as Haber Villa. Back cover: Campus of the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 2011. The Institute’s his- toric buildings, contiguous with the “Röntgenbau” on their right, house the Departments of Physical Chemistry and Molecular Physics.
[Show full text]
A Forum for Electrochemistry and Solid-State Science for 100 Years
A Forum for Electrochemistry and Solid-State Science for 100 Years he Electrochemical Society (ECS) has a birthplace of historic distinction – Philadelphia – the home of Beginnings... BENJAMIN FRANKLIN (and his famous kite) and the birthplace of the United States. The Society originally was called the American Electrochemical Society, but, The Society’s roots can be traced farther back in time than like the nation, it had its roots in distant lands. ECS when our story begins. Relics found in the Middle East sug- Twas like the nation in other respects. It was a melting pot; in gest that, thousands of years ago, voltaic cells were being this case, a melting pot of scientific and technological disci- used. Electroplating of some sort is known to have existed in plines, and of their adherents, who came from countries from those times as well. Australia to Mexico to Russia and points in between. The following photo essay is a distillation of the Society’s 1800—ALESSANDRO VOLTA concluded that a “pile” of dissimi- history – the usual dates, names, and significant markers, but lar metals provided the electricity responsible for the twitch- also some amusing anecdotes and intriguing photographs. ing of frogs’ legs reported by Galvani. We hope you will enjoy this quick look at a society that has made its mark on the world of electrochemistry and solid- 1815—HUMPHRY DAVY used a group of these “piles” to dis- state science and technology. cover and isolate the elements potassium, sodium, and calci- um. Davy also coined the term “electrochemical.” FARADAY HALL HEROULT EDISON DOW 22 The Electrochemical Society Interface • Spring 2002 REED RICHARDS 1831—MICHAEL FARADAY was led to formulate the laws of elec- trolysis and was the first to use the terms anode, cathode, Founding..
[Show full text]
Richard N. Zare Stanford University Adventures in Chemical Analysis
Richard N. Zare Stanford University Adventures in Chemical Analysis One of the great challenges in chemistry is to penetrate the world of the ultra small, to view nearly infinitesimal spaces, and to recognize their importance. Indeed, the analysis and manipulation of volumes so tiny that they are almost beyond comprehension is a critical element of the emerging field of chemical nanosciences and nanotechnology. These capabilities unlock secrets of nature. These secrets underlie how cells function, how reactions occur, how energy and information is stored and transported, and how such structures can be tailored to be useful devices for mankind from sensors to motors to computers. I want to take this opportunity to present my own adventures in exploring how to analyze complex mixtures for their chemical constituents. I hope to touch on laser induced fluorescence, chemical separations in capillaries and microchips, and the use of optical techniques as well as mass spectrometry. Bio Richard N. Zare is the Marguerite Blake Wilbur Professor in Natural Science and Chair of the Department of Chemistry, Stanford University. He was born on November 19, 1939 in Cleveland, Ohio, and is a graduate of Harvard University, where he received his B.A. degree in chemistry and physics in 1961 and his Ph.D. in chemical physics in 1964. In 1965 he became an assistant professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, but moved to the University of Colorado in 1966, remaining there until 1969 while holding joint appointments in the departments of chemistry, and physics and astrophysics. In 1969 he was appointed to a full professorship in the chemistry department at Columbia University, becoming the Higgins Professor of Natural Science in 1975.
[Show full text]
A Conversation with Simon H. Bauer Video Total Run Time: [146 Minutes] Interviewed by Robert E
Chemistry and Chemical Biology Oral History Project A Conversation with Simon H. Bauer Video Total Run Time: [146 minutes] Interviewed by Robert E. Hughes CHAPTERS [m:s] Depression Era Job [2:49] Introduction [1:58] Cornell Appointment 1938 [0:55] Early Years [1:58] Lynn Hoard [0:38] Undergrad at U. Chicago [2:55] Teaching Qualitative Analysis [1:22] Graduate at U. Chicago [0:31] Electron Diffraction-2 [1:37] Electron Diffraction-1 [0:34] Harry Bush [1:03] Mass Spectrometry [1:39] Peter Debye-1 [2:51] Research in 30’s vs. present [3:33] Frank Long [1:10] Computers [1:13] Fluorocarbon [1:04] I.I. Rabi [1:35] Electron Diffraction-3 [1:03] Postdoc Study at CalTech [0:58] Ken Hedberg [1:18] Infrared Studies [1:04] John Kirkwood and Peter Debye-2 [4:01] Linus Pauling [1:17] Paul Flory and Peter Debye-3 [1:06] p1 Chemistry and Chemical Biology Oral History Project Chemical Kinetics [2:01] DF Lasers [0:40] Impact tubes-1 [1:53] UV Lasers [1:14] R. C. Tollman [3:37] NMR Techniques [4:24] Shock Tubes-2 [1:56] Formic Acid [1:34] Hans Bethe [2:00] X-ray / CHESS Studies [6:22] Sound Dispersion [2:36] Heats of Formation of CH Species [3:09] Photoacoustic Effect [2:46] Heats of Formation of Boron Hydrides [6:05] CO2/N2 Lasers [1:37] Electron Diffraction [2:07] Shock Tube Studies-2 [10:58] Boron Hydride Oxidations [1:19] Single-pulse Shock Tubes [2:07] Condensation of Vapors [11:44] Chemical Lasers [2:10] Shock-tube Synthesis of Amino Acids [6:09] Polyani[2:54] Four-center Reactions [3:32] Molecular Beams [1:53] G.
[Show full text]
Peter Debye Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1936
Peter Debye Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1936 festively flagged. The guests, from imperial about him with regard to his home and abroad, include the Dutch institute.” At his first meeting with his physicist Peter Debye. With his wife, he students, the young lecturer was able is the guest of Alfred Kleiner, the head “with some difficulty, finally to agree of the Physics Institute. There is plenty a time for his lectures.” Debye ended to talk about: For three semesters, from his brief report with praise for the city spring 1911 to summer 1912, Debye, as of Zurich: “Zurich itself is charming; Albert Einstein’s successor, occupied the sunset this evening was truly the Chair for Theoretical Physics at the wonderful.” University, first as associate professor, In Munich, Professor Sommerfeld then as full professor. And the Univer- and his wife had taken on something sity still hopes to entice its professor of a parental role for Debye. His actual to return. But Debye knows what he’s parents were distanced from academic Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1936 “for his worth. Negotiations prove difficult and life. Sommerfeld once described De- contributions to our knowledge of molecular in 1915 are broken off altogether. No- bye as his greatest discovery in physics, structures through his investigations on body then has any idea that a couple and the young researcher’s outstand- dipole moments and the diffraction of X-rays of years later Debye will return to join and electrons in gases” the “competition” at ETH. “Debye is an excellent acquisi- The first time he came to Zurich, * 24 March 1884 in Maastricht tion for the University of Zurich.” Peter Debye was 26, and the associate † 2 November 1966 in Ithaca, NY Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen professorship at the University was 1911–1912 Professor for Theoretical Physics at his first teaching appointment.
[Show full text]
Nobel Prizes List from 1901
Nature and Science, 4(3), 2006, Ma, Nobel Prizes Nobel Prizes from 1901 Ma Hongbao East Lansing, Michigan, USA, Email: [email protected] The Nobel Prizes were set up by the final will of Alfred Nobel, a Swedish chemist, industrialist, and the inventor of dynamite on November 27, 1895 at the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris, which are awarding to people and organizations who have done outstanding research, invented groundbreaking techniques or equipment, or made outstanding contributions to society. The Nobel Prizes are generally awarded annually in the categories as following: 1. Chemistry, decided by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 2. Economics, decided by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 3. Literature, decided by the Swedish Academy 4. Peace, decided by the Norwegian Nobel Committee, appointed by the Norwegian Parliament, Stortinget 5. Physics, decided by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 6. Physiology or Medicine, decided by Karolinska Institutet Nobel Prizes are widely regarded as the highest prize in the world today. As of November 2005, a total of 776 Nobel Prizes have been awarded, 758 to individuals and 18 to organizations. [Nature and Science. 2006;4(3):86- 94]. I. List of All Nobel Prize Winners (1901 – 2005): 31. Physics, Philipp Lenard 32. 1906 - Chemistry, Henri Moissan 1. 1901 - Chemistry, Jacobus H. van 't Hoff 33. Literature, Giosuè Carducci 2. Literature, Sully Prudhomme 34. Medicine, Camillo Golgi 3. Medicine, Emil von Behring 35. Medicine, Santiago Ramón y Cajal 4. Peace, Henry Dunant 36. Peace, Theodore Roosevelt 5. Peace, Frédéric Passy 37. Physics, J.J. Thomson 6. Physics, Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen 38.
[Show full text]