NOBEL LAUREATES IN CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS Full details on nationality and basis of the awards can be found at .

Chemistry 2008 Martin Chalfie, Osamu Shimomura, Roger Y . Tsien 1954 Linus Pauling 2007 Gerhard Ertl 1953 Hermann Staudinger 2006 Roger D . Kornberg 1952 Archer J .P . Martin, Richard L .M . Synge 2005 Yves Chauvin, Robert H . Grubbs, Richard R . Schrock 1951 Edwin M . McMillan, Glenn T . Seaborg 2004 Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko, Irwin Rose 1950 Otto Diels, Kurt Alder 2003 Peter Agre, Roderick MacKinnon 1949 William F . Giauque 2002 John B . Fenn, Koichi Tanaka, Kurt Wüthrich 1948 Arne Tiselius 2001 William S . Knowles, Ryoji Noyori, K . Barry Sharpless 1947 Sir Robert Robinson 2000 Alan Heeger, Alan G . MacDiarmid, Hideki Shirakawa 1946 James B . Sumner, John H . Northrop, Wendell M . Stanley 1999 Ahmed Zewail 1945 Artturi Virtanen 1998 Walter Kohn, John Pople 1944 Otto Hahn 1997 Paul D . Boyer, John E . Walker, Jens C . Skou 1943 George de Hevesy 1996 Robert F . Curl Jr ., Sir Harold Kroto, Richard E . Smalley 1942 No prize awarded 1995 Paul J . Crutzen, Mario J . Molina, F . Sherwood Rowland 1941 No prize awarded 1994 George A . Olah 1940 No prize awarded 1993 Kary B . Mullis, Michael Smith 1939 Adolf Butenandt, Leopold Ruzicka 1992 Rudolph A . Marcus 1938 Richard Kuhn 1991 Richard R . Ernst 1937 Norman Haworth, Paul Karrer 1990 Elias James Corey 1936 Peter Debye 1989 Sidney Altman, Thomas R . Cech 1935 Frédéric Joliot, Irène Joliot-Curie 1988 Johann Deisenhofer, Robert Huber, Hartmut Michel 1934 Harold C . Urey 1987 Donald J . Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn, Charles J . Pedersen 1933 No prize awarded 1986 Dudley R . Herschbach, Yuan T . Lee, John C . Polanyi 1932 Irving Langmuir 1985 Herbert A . Hauptman, Jerome Karle 1931 Carl Bosch, Friedrich Bergius 1984 Bruce Merrifield 1930 Hans Fischer 1983 Henry Taube 1929 Arthur Harden, Hans von Euler-Chelpin 1982 Aaron Klug 1928 Adolf Windaus 1981 Kenichi Fukui, Roald Hoffmann 1927 Heinrich Wieland 1980 Paul Berg, Walter Gilbert, Frederick Sanger 1926 The Svedberg 1979 Herbert C . Brown, Georg Wittig 1925 Richard Zsigmondy 1978 Peter Mitchell 1924 No prize awarded 1977 Ilya Prigogine 1923 Fritz Pregl 1976 William Lipscomb 1922 Francis W . Aston 1975 John Cornforth, Vladimir Prelog 1921 Frederick Soddy 1974 Paul J . Flory 1920 Walther Nernst 1973 Ernst Otto Fischer, Geoffrey Wilkinson 1919 No prize awarded 1972 Christian Anfinsen, Stanford Moore, William H . Stein 1918 Fritz Haber 1971 Gerhard Herzberg 1917 No prize awarded 1970 Luis Leloir 1916 No prize awarded 1969 Derek Barton, Odd Hassel 1915 Richard Willstätter 1968 Lars Onsager 1914 Theodore W . Richards 1967 Manfred Eigen, Ronald G W. . Norrish, George Porter 1913 Alfred Werner 1966 Robert S . Mulliken 1912 Victor Grignard, Paul Sabatier 1965 Robert B . Woodward 1911 Marie Curie 1964 Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin 1910 Otto Wallach 1963 Karl Ziegler, Giulio Natta 1909 Wilhelm Ostwald 1962 Max F . Perutz, John C . Kendrew 1908 Ernest Rutherford 1961 Melvin Calvin 1907 Eduard Buchner 1960 Willard F . Libby 1906 Henri Moissan 1959 Jaroslav Heyrovsky 1905 Adolf von Baeyer 1958 Frederick Sanger 1904 Sir William Ramsay 1957 Lord Todd 1903 Svante Arrhenius 1956 Sir Cyril Hinshelwood, Nikolay Semenov 1902 Emil Fischer 1955 Vincent du Vigneaud 1901 Jacobus H . van’t Hoff

2-69 2-70 Nobel Laureates in Chemistry and Physics

Physics 2008 Makoto Kobayashi, Toshihide Maskawa, Yoichiro Nambu 1957 Chen Ning Yang, Tsung-Dao Lee 2007 Albert Fert, Peter Grünberg 1956 William B . Shockley, John Bardeen, Walter H . Brattain 2006 John C . Mather, George F . Smoot 1955 Willis E . Lamb, Polykarp Kusch 2005 Roy J . Glauber, John L . Hall, Theodor W . Hänsch 1954 Max Born, Walther Bothe 2004 David J . Gross, H . David Politzer, Frank Wilczek 1953 Frits Zernike 2003 Alexei A . Abrikosov, Vitaly L . Ginzburg, 1952 Felix Bloch, E . M . Purcell Anthony J . Leggett 1951 John Cockcroft, Ernest T .S . Walton 2002 Raymond Davis Jr ., Masatoshi Koshiba, 1950 Cecil Powell Riccardo Giacconi 1949 Hideki Yukawa 2001 Eric A . Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle, Carl E . Wieman 1948 Patrick M .S . Blackett 2000 Zhores I . Alferov, Herbert Kroemer, Jack S . Kilby 1947 Edward V . Appleton 1999 Gerardus’t Hooft, Martinus J .G . Veltman 1946 Percy W . Bridgman 1998 Robert B . Laughlin, Horst L . Störmer, Daniel C . Tsui 1945 Wolfgang Pauli 1997 Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, 1944 Isidor Isaac Rabi William D . Phillips 1943 Otto Stern 1996 David M . Lee, Douglas D . Osheroff, Robert C . Richardson 1942 No prize awarded 1995 Martin L . Perl, Frederick Reines 1941 No prize awarded 1994 Bertram N . Brockhouse, Clifford G . Shull 1940 No prize awarded 1993 Russell A . Hulse, Joseph H . Taylor Jr . 1939 Ernest Lawrence 1992 Georges Charpak 1938 Enrico Fermi 1991 Pierre-Gilles de Gennes 1937 Clinton Davisson, George Paget Thomson 1990 Jerome I . Friedman, Henry W . Kendall, Richard E . Taylor 1936 Victor F . Hess, Carl D . Anderson 1989 Norman F . Ramsey, Hans G . Dehmelt, Wolfgang Paul 1935 James Chadwick 1988 Leon M . Lederman, Melvin Schwartz, Jack Steinberger 1934 No prize awarded 1987 J . Georg Bednorz, K . Alex Müller 1933 Erwin Schrödinger, Paul A .M . Dirac 1986 Ernst Ruska, Gerd Binnig, Heinrich Rohrer 1932 Werner Heisenberg 1985 Klaus von Klitzing 1931 No prize awarded 1984 Carlo Rubbia, Simon van der Meer 1930 Sir Venkata Raman 1983 Subramanyan Chandrasekhar, William A . Fowler 1929 Louis de Broglie 1982 Kenneth G . Wilson 1928 Owen Willans Richardson 1981 Nicolaas Bloembergen, Arthur L . Schawlow, 1927 Arthur H . Compton, C T. .R . Wilson Kai M . Siegbahn 1926 Jean Baptiste Perrin 1980 James Cronin, Val Fitch 1925 James Franck, Gustav Hertz 1979 Sheldon Glashow, Abdus Salam, Steven Weinberg 1924 Manne Siegbahn 1978 Pyotr Kapitsa, Arno Penzias, Robert Woodrow Wilson 1923 Robert A . Millikan 1977 Philip W . Anderson, Sir Nevill F . Mott, John H . van Vleck 1922 Niels Bohr 1976 Burton Richter, Samuel C .C . Ting 1921 Albert Einstein 1975 Aage N . Bohr, Ben R . Mottelson, James Rainwater 1920 Charles Edouard Guillaume 1974 Martin Ryle, Antony Hewish 1919 Johannes Stark 1973 Leo Esaki, Ivar Giaever, Brian D . Josephson 1918 Max Planck 1972 John Bardeen, Leon N . Cooper, Robert Schrieffer 1917 Charles Glover Barkla 1971 Dennis Gabor 1916 No prize awarded 1970 Hannes Alfvén, Louis Néel 1915 William Bragg, Lawrence Bragg 1969 Murray Gell-Mann 1914 Max von Laue 1968 Luis Alvarez 1913 Heike Kamerlingh Onnes 1967 Hans Bethe 1912 Gustaf Dalén 1966 Alfred Kastler 1911 Wilhelm Wien 1965 Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, Julian Schwinger, 1910 Johannes Diderik van der Waals Richard P . Feynman 1909 Guglielmo Marconi, Ferdinand Braun 1964 Charles H . Townes, Nicolay G . Basov, 1908 Gabriel Lippmann Aleksandr M . Prokhorov 1907 Albert A . Michelson 1963 Eugene Wigner, Maria Goeppert-Mayer, J . Hans D . Jensen 1906 J J. . Thomson 1962 Lev Landau 1905 Philipp Lenard 1961 Robert Hofstadter, Rudolf Mössbauer 1904 Lord Rayleigh 1960 Donald A . Glaser 1903 Henri Becquerel, Pierre Curie, Marie Curie 1959 Emilio Segrè, Owen Chamberlain 1902 Hendrik A . Lorentz, Pieter Zeeman 1958 Pavel A . Cherenkov, Il’ja M . Frank, Igor Y . Tamm 1901 Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen