iwww.ineco.estransporENGLISH EDITIONte Journal of transport engineering and consultancy 20 12 Issue 3
RAILWAYS Antioquia sees the return of the train ARCHITECTURE A steel cube to control it all AERONAUTICAL A single sky for everyone HARAMAIN + Q&A with Roberto Kobeh, High-speed rail President of the ICAO Council TRANSPORT STUDIES in Saudi Arabia Revitalising transport in Costa Rica SUSTAINABILITY Mankind and water Editorial
A Spanish-Saudi consortium being awarded the contract for the construction of the high-speed line between Makkah and Madinah is a historical event for Ineco and Spanish engineering. The contract, which includes the assembly, equipping, operation and comprehensive maintenance of the line during 12 years, is also an international recognition of Spanish expertise in advanced rail technology; an excellent political, technical and economic commitment that, since the commissioning of the Madrid–Seville high-speed line almost 20 years ago, has continuously grown and consolidated. Today, the Spanish high-speed rail network is an unquestionable success, and the confidence that the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has placed in our technology is a source of great pride. The strategic importance of this project is a starting point for creating new opportunities in a region where Spanish engineering firms have much to contribute. We would like to dedicate this issue of itransporte English Edition to a feature on the important challenge ahead of us, and take this opportunity to thank all our partners in the consortium for participating in this edition. This issue also includes two interviews with key figures in the aeronautical sector: Miguel Ángel Oleaga, director of Madrid-Barajas International Airport, and Roberto Kobeh, President of the ICAO Council. As head of the 12th largest airport in the world, Oleaga has faced the challenge of a 6.3 billion extension that has seen the airport double its capacity, catering now for up to 70 million passengers each year. For his part, Kobeh responds to our questions regarding the future goals of the ICAO, the most important organisation responsible for the security and harmonization of the world's air transport network. Ineco's participation in ICAO's programmes is also one of the many features that are covered in this new issue, which we hope you will find to be of great interest.
IGNASI NIETO Chairman & CEO of Ineco
2 it 3 Table of contents Volume 1 | Issue 3 | 2012
NEWS Antioquia sees the return of the train 30 AERONAUTICAL Satellite navigation for Europe 64 Ineco participates in two major projects to renovate Large-scale adoption of the EGNOS system in aviation Technical assistance at Mohammed V 6 Madrid-Barajas raises the standards 46 International Airport in Casablanca historic railways Europe Ineco supported Aena during the certification process Ineco to design the Eldorado Airport 7 Colombia A ‘made in Spain’ metro for Medellín 33 Q&A with Miguel Ángel Oleaga, Director of Madrid-Barajas TRANSPORT STUDIES control tower International Airport Ineco supervises the construction and commissioning Revitalising transport in Costa Rica 66 Spain Collaboration with Honduras 8 of 13 new trains Modernising and developing its infrastructures, keys Colombia A single sky for everyone 50 to the future of the country The International Civil Aviation Organisation, a global body Q&A with María Lorena López Rosales, RAILWAYS A rail thermometer 34 integrating the skies Haramain: high-speed rail in the desert 10 Implementation of thermographic inspection Vice Minister for Infrastructure, Ministry of Public Works and Transport of Costa Rica (MOPT) Ineco is in the winning consortium for the future on overhead contact lines Q&A with Roberto Kobeh, President of the ICAO Council Makkah-Madinah line Spain Morocco reorganises its skies 54 Costa Rica Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Guaranteeing railway security 36 Analysis of aircraft movements at Moroccan airports Morocco R&D The bases for a major project 22 Ineco became an Independent Safety Assessor in 2009 The driving force of new times 70 Spain Track assembly works on the Levante corridor New horizons for Jamaica’s main 56 Ineco leads four international R&D+i consortia Spain tourist airport ARCHITECTURE World Always at the ready 24 Ineco’s second project for Sangster International Jamaica The 2010 R&D+i agenda 72 Track maintenance Participation in 38 nationally and internationally Spain Runway ready for takeoff 57 funded projects Albacete: nerve centre 25 Rehabilitation work at Lima-Callao Airport World New CRC for the Madrid–Levante corridor Peru Spain A quick hop across the Strait 58 SUSTAINABILITY AVE, Madrid salutes you 26 Ceuta is now just 10 minutes from Algeciras Mankind and water 74 A tunnel will connect the Spanish high-speed lines thanks to a new heliport Minimizing the impact on groundwater during the execution from the north, south and east Spain of works Spain A new terminal under the domes 60 Spain 70% of Alicante Airport’s traffic is international Rules for a good neighbourhood 78 Spain Ineco applies its experience A steel cube to control it all 38 Icarus’ dream 62 Spain INECO www.ineco.com New Control and Regulation Centre (CRC) in León From teletype to the automation of the aeronautical, Editorial Offices: Paseo de la Habana, 138, 28036 Madrid [Spain] Spain CSR Tel: (34) 91 452 12 56 meteorological and communications information system Web: www.revistaitransporte.com About to regain its full splendour 42 Spain Ineco against hunger 82 General Manager International & Development Area: JAVIER COS New Corporate Social Responsibility campaign International Director: JOSÉ ANGUITA Ineco renovates the old Aranjuez railway station Editor-in-Chief: BÁRBARA JIMÉNEZ-ALFARO / [email protected] Spain Editorial Staff: LIDIA AMIGO / [email protected] ADRIÁN LÓPEZ / [email protected] Transparency and spatial unity 44 Advertising Manager: HENRY PRYZBYL / [email protected] New AVE Class lounges in Valencia and Albacete All the articles included in this English Edition have been Production: BrikoTaller Editorial, S.L. previously published in the Spanish version of the magazine. Bausa, 8 – Portal 2, 3ºN, 28033 Madrid [Spain] Tel: (34) 91 383 29 84 Spain Each article clearly displays the number corresponding to Printed by: RIVADENEYRA Legal Deposit: M-26791-2007 the original, which is available at www.revistaitransporte.es Copyright © Ineco. All rights reserved 2012. For reprint articles please Cover picture: Foster+Partners contact the Editor-in-Chief. Translation from Spanish into English: TREELOC 4 it 5 >ESTONIA Improvement works on the Tallinn tram International news Line 4 of the Tallinn tram shows major demand, with high occupancy levels at rush hour. To increase its capacity and improve the quality of the service, the Tallinn tram company will rebuild the line and acquire Ineco in the global air navigation services association new rolling stock. To do so, it has received funding from the Spanish Having received the corresponding aviation authorities, airport operators and Ministry for the Environment, Rural and Marine Development (MARM) certifications as AFIS and ATC service manufacturers, such as Boeing and Airbus. and the European Union. provider in 2011, Ineco has joined CANSO Aena, founding member of the organization, Ineco will develop the preliminary design (drafting instructions) (Civil Air Navigation Services Organisation), Indra Sistemas and now Ineco make up and the specifications of the works involved in the line and those which represents the entities that manage the Spanish members in the association. required for acquiring new rolling stock. In the picture, a team from 85% of the world’s air traffic. CANSO was Furthermore, Madrid will host the CANSO the company during one of its meetings with those responsible from set up in 1997 and has over 100 members World ATM Congress in 2013, at which 5,000 the Tallinn city council and the operator of the tram network in the and associate members on the five continents, participants are expected to attend. capital of the Baltic country. including AN service providers, companies linked with the air sector, national civil ➔ >SULTANATE OF OMAN AERONAUTICAL STUDIES Easement study New contract with of the new Muscat the Latin American control tower development bank he Sultanate of Oman AF (Latin American development has commissioned Ineco bank) has awarded Ineco the contract Tto revise the aeronautic Cto perform the evaluation of air study of the new control tower connectivity between Latin-Arch Forum at the Muscat Airport. The study countries and Asia-Pacific. Ineco has already seeks to analyse data on the performed the ASAND study for CAF, which surfaces containing obstacles >MOROCCO analysed operational and technical aspects to ensure aeronautic safety Technical assistance at Mohammed V International of the most important airports in the of aircrafts during operations Latin-Arch Forum countries. The new study (manoeuvers, take-off, etc.) in Airport in Casablanca will look at existing airways between these the area around the tower. After performing the functional study of the new airport terminal, Ineco will continue the work started countries, as well as airways between Latin in January 2011 at the Mohammed V International Airport in Casablanca, as it has also been commissioned America and Asia-Oceania, advancing to carry out the second phase of the project. This new phase involves providing technical assistance in air transport in such a way to contribute the development-engineering phase of the airport’s terminals. Among other aspects, the company will the region’s development. CAF is formed be responsible for providing support during engineering and architectural tasks, ARC Port simulations of of 18 countries from Latin American, the passenger flow in the terminals, the advanced basic BHS project, as well as in drafting the commercial Caribbean and Europe, as well as 14 private development plan of the terminals. banks from the Andean region. >INDIA >NORWAY Study for the Haldia-Howrah high-speed corridor >COLOMBIA Air navigation procedures Ineco, together with Prointec The Indian Ministry for Rail main urban nuclei of the Ineco to design the Eldorado Airport control tower and Ayesa, will perform the Transport has commissioned country at speeds of between Ineco, together with NATS and CGx pre-feasibility study of the future viability studies for the first six 250 and 350 kph. Currently erocivil (the Colombian Civil Aviation Authority) has commissioned AEROinSYS, has been awarded a contract The construction of the new 135-kilometre corridor that corridors that will connect the studies are underway for the Ineco to perform studies and designs for the new control in conjunction with the Norwegian air tower, which will be the highest will link the port city of Haldia Pune–Mumbai–Ahmedabad Atower at the Eldorado International Airport. With navigation service provider (AVINOR) to in the country at 100 metres, with Howrah, located in the (650 km), Delhi–Chandigarh– a budget of approximately 500,000, the project will design flight instrument procedures in the forms part of the plan to extend metropolitan area of Kolkata, Amritsar (450 km) Delhi–Agra– define the type of control tower required by the airport airports AVINOR manages. This way, AVINOR the airport that is expected to be in the northeast of the country. Lucknow–Varanasi–Patna terminal, the equipment needed and the cost of work. will comply with the directives of the Single finished in 2014. The work includes the execution (990 km), Delhi–Agra–Lucknow, Aerocivil plans to start works by the end of 2012, both European Sky, designed to ensure efficient of demand studies, section Hyderabad–Vijaywada–Chennai on this new building (which will replace the current use of continental air space by reducing the proposals, rolling stock and a (665 km) and Chennai–Bangalore– one), and on the future passenger terminal (picture costs of flights, air navigation services, flight preliminary cost estimate that Coimbatore–Ernakulam (650 km) above). The picture to the right shows Javier Cos, times and pollution. AVINOR also plans to will determine the technical and corridors, as well as the Haldia– General Manager of International Development at reduce its control centres from three to one economic viability of the project. Howrah stretch. Ineco, together with Sergio Paris, Director of Aerocivil, (to be put into operation in 2017). .om on signing the contract. .no 6 7 International news CONTRACT >UKRAINE Design and supervision of the construction of a new airport terminal in Odessa Odessa Airport Development, concessionary company of the Odessa International Airport has commissioned Ineco to perform the project drafting and supervision of the works involved in the new passenger terminal. The project is being developed as part of an ambitious renovation plan, which includes the remodeling of the current airfield. The new terminal building, which is expected to be finished within 18 months, will increase the capacity of the airport to 4 million passengers each year. Located 7.5 kilometres from Odessa, the airport is connected with more than 60 cities around the world and has 110 regular flights each week.
OPENING OF A >ADVISORY SERVICES 150-KILOMETRE CORRIDOR Ana Pastor appointed Spain’s IN COSTA RICA The Spanish high-speed new Development Minister The Costa Rican government has network incorporates a n November 21, Spain’s new Prime Minister, commissioned Ineco to draft an new line Mariano Rajoy, presented his cabinet. Ana institutional diagnosis, prepare OPastor, former Health and Consumption a strategic plan and modernize Minister from July 2002 to April 2004, has been the structure of its CETAC (Civil appointed new Development Minister. Graduate Aviation Technical Council) and in Medicine and Surgery from the Universidad de the country’s Directorate-General Salamanca and a Civil Servant in the Higher Board of Civil Aviation. The company of Public Health will carry out a comprehensive and Healthcare diagnosis to understand the Administration, current operation of its authorities, Pastor was in recent as well as the applicable legislation The corridor that joins the Galician cities of years Deputy Vice- and the situation of the sector. Ourense, Santiago and A Coruña involved Chairwoman of the Furthermore, it will propose a the construction of a new section between Spanish Parliament, strategy with a new organizational Ourense and Santiago, as well as works Member of Parliament model, adjusting the operational to adapt the rest of the line. The corridor for Pontevedra and model and defining a new model was opened in December 2011. Ineco has Coordinator of Social for managing and organising the participated in the project by carrying out Participation for the relationships between the new different tasks during the construction of Partido Popular. areas of the company. the section, which involved building 30 tunnels and 18 viaducts. >NATIONAL TRANSPORT Collaboration with Honduras PLAN FOR ECUADOR >CONSULTANCY SERVICES neco and Honduras have signed a framework The Ecuadorian Ministry for FOR THE COLOMBIAN collaboration agreement for transport Transport and Public Works has SANTIAGO VILA AIRPORT Iinfrastructures, which will last 28 months. The commissioned Ineco to draft its Santiago Vila Airport, located in Honduran government will take advantage of Spanish national transport strategy. With Flandes-Tolima, will be modernised experience to improve its transport system and boost a view to driving foreign trade, to carry out cargo operations. This development in the country. The actions planned cover Ecuador looks to improve its airport will complement goods traffic all public modes of transport: air, rail, sea and road infrastructures, as well as boosting at the Eldorado Airport in Bogotá. Coffee, networks. The main collaboration activities include the connection between different flowers and electronic components are exchanging experiences and technology transfer, modes of transport. Javier Cos, some of the key products of the region supporting the development of the appropriate General Manager of International that are transported by air. The authorities legislation, designing and executing in conjunction Development at Ineco, and David seek to strengthen their export with the programs, plans, studies and projects, as well as Mejía, Vice-Minister of Ecuadorian expansion of this new airport, at which activities for its management and pre-investment Management and Transport, signed Ineco will perform consultancy tasks. plans. In this way, Ineco strengthens its presence in the contract in October 2011. Latin America.
8 9 RAILWAYS | KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA | New high-speed train infrastructure Haramain: high-speed rail in the desert Rw Ineco is in the winning consortium for the future Makkah–Madinah line ( )
Published in itransporte 43 444km
SAUDI ARABIA’S HARAMAIN TALGO Talgo has submitted exclusive designs to the SRO, which will offer the same comforts as any European high-speed line. Haramain means ‘two holy places’ in Arabic.
These were the major conditioning factors considered in the winning proposal for equip- ping, managing and maintaining the Haramain cesses and value the implicit recognition of works), Dimetronic (signalling, train protec- The Saudi Railways Organisation High-Speed Rail Project (HHR) for a period of their technological expertise in high-speed tion systems, centralised traffic control and (SRO) has just awarded the he latest technology will be used on the 12 years. The HHR is one of the most ambitious rail. Opening new markets is precisely one of track apparatus), Indra (telecommunications Spanish-Saudi group Al Shoula high-speed line promoted by the Saudi high-speed rail projects in the world. Renfe’s strategic targets for the next two years, PROVEN TECHNOLOGY network, Control Centres, security, remote sur- the contract for the second TRailways Organisation (SRO), which will The SRO is financing the entire project, with as president Teófilo Serra no recently explained: The SRO wants a high-speed line with proven, veillance and ticketing), Cobra and Inabensa and final phase of the Haramain link the two holy cities in the Muslim world, an investment of over 12 billion. More than “Our business objective is to become a leading state-of-the-art technologies, such as Level 2 (which are responsible for electrical power, Makkah and Madinah, in Saudi Arabia. Each half of that amount has been allocated to this operator in Europe and the rest of the world... ERTMS. along with OHL). The Saudi partners working High-Speed Rail Project (HHR), year, millions of pilgrims will be able to travel final phase of construction and commission- We believe that we are capable of successfully with the Spanish companies are the Al Shoula the first high-speed line in its the 444 kilometres separating the two cities in ing, which has just begun. Ineco will lead the operating an efficient system in any country.” The winning consortium has 88% Span- industrial and financial group, as well as the network. The contract includes less than three hours, while enjoying the finest consortium of companies, with majority par- ish participation. In addition to Renfe, Adif local construction firm Al Rosan. assembly, equipment, operation modern conveniences. ticipation from Renfe Operadora (responsible Antonio González Marín, president of Adif, (the “systems integrator” for the project) and The SRO expects the Haramain to be finished and comprehensive maintenance The characteristics and climate of the for commercial operation), Adif (in charge of highlights the relevance of the project for the Talgo, the consortium is comprised of the in late 2014 to carry some of the 8 million pil- surrounding area, as well as the enormous technological integration and maintenance Spanish companies, due to its economic vol- engin eering and consultancy firms Ineco and grims visiting the two cities, particularly during for a period of 12 years. demand expected, pose major technical chal- management, as well as train movements ume and as an excellent showcase for future Consultrans, the IMATHIA group (promoter for the Hajj (great pilgrimage), which takes place lenges: dust and sand storms, large tempera- and stations) and Talgo (rolling stock supplier). projects. “It would also be our first experience the consortium and responsible for the alliance annually on dates that vary according to the ture variations, shifting dunes and passenger The Spanish partners point out the impor- building a high-speed line abroad. Our point of with the Saudi partner for which it is named), Muslim calendar. In addition to the two termi- volumes that could reach 160,000 daily, one tant opportunity that this contract represents reference is the Spanish network, which is one the construction companies OHL, Copasa nus stations, Makkah and Madinah, the line will of the highest in the world. for intensifying their internationalisation pro- of the most advanced in the world.” and IMATHIA (in charge of civil engineering have three other stops: two in Jeddah (central ➔ 10 11 The Saudi Railways Organisation is financing the entire project, with a total investment of over 12 billion (almost $16,2 billion).
Al-Quorayyat IRAQ Hazm Ras Al-Zour Ha’il Dammam Hafouf ARABIAN MADINAH Buraidah GULF Pilgrims ➔ Hardh and airport) and one in the King Abdullah Riyadh UAE (European Rail Traffic Management System), ➔ JEDDAH Demand forecasts Economic City (KAEC), which is being built Kingdom of commercial speeds of 300 kph and last-gener- MAKKAH Saudi Arabia in Rabigh. This is a residential, industrial and Madinah ation rolling stock, control systems, etc., One of the most unique aspects of the maintenance of tracks, trains and OMAN 2 commercial macrocomplex covering 168 km , RED requiring particularly frequent and exhaustive HHR project is the huge level of passenger installations, and commercial operation SEA in which the Saudi government will invest over YEMEN maintenance, in addition to ad hoc technical demand predicted by the promoters, who management. 21 billion. Jeddah Central station will also be AFRICA ARABIAN solutions. expect around 160,000 passengers daily. SEA the connecting point between the HHR and The tendering conditions also established However, the SRO calculated that demand The railways are one of the Saudi the Land Bridge, an east-west axis crossing that the proposed components, equipment during the ‘Hajj’ (great pilgrimage) could kingdom’s main infrastructure priorities. It Rabigh the country to the capital, Riyadh, and the King Abdullah A GROWING NETWORK and systems must already be proven and in be even higher. All elements of the project recently approved the financing for another Economic City (KAEC) ports of Dammam and Jubail. Saudi Arabia has 1,392 kilometres of commercial use, although they could be cus- are being adapted to the high traffic major railway project: the east-west axis railway lines, connecting Riyadh, the tomised for the HHR. This is the case of the intensity predicted, from the maintenance that will link Jeddah to Riyadh, known as ‘Ad hoc’ technical solutions. Future HHR Jeddah capital, to the cities in the east. The SRO Talgo trains. As far as commercial operation is schedules –much stricter and more frequent the Land Bridge. This 959-kilometre line will King Abdulaziz passengers will enjoy the same comforts Jeddah Central International Airport expects the network to multiply over concerned, 18 years of high-speed rail experi- than usual– to the materials and equipment be used to transport passengers and freight and technical standards already present on Makkah the next few years with several projects, ence worked in favour of the Spanish-led con- used in the construction, which must be between both coasts, as it will connect to the Spain’s high-speed lines, although designed in addition to the HHR. One is the Land sortium, which was the sole finalist along with particularly robust. The consortium’s bid existing line between the capital and the port to accommodate Saudi Arabia’s climate and Bridge, to cross the country from coast the Franco-Chinese group Al Rajhi, which was guarantees that the proposal completely of Dammam. In addition to these projects, terrain and the high traffic predicted: double to coast, and a future north-south line. awarded another contract for the first phase satisfies these requirements in terms of the longest line of all will be a north-south European-gauge track with Level 2 ERTMS of the project. construction and equipment, general corridor (about 2,400 kilometres long).
Recognised effort NEW PRESIDENT_Below, Javier Cos, International and Business Development Manager for Ineco, with Manuel Benegas, new president of the Spanish consortium and Operations Manager for Ineco.
3
1 2
PICTURES OF A WINNING BID_[1] Ineco drew up the technical proposals and Consultrans was responsible for the economic-financial model, legal-commercial aspects and coordination, along with the legal services of Herbert Smith, the contracts and final bid, submitted on July 3, 2010, at the SRO offices in Dammam. [2] The SRO president, Abdul Aziz Mohammed Al Hokail, receiving the OFFICIAL PRESENTATION_Above, consortium representatives during the presentation documentation, contained in five Arabian-style inlaid boxes (which Ineco ordered from an artisan in of the project, convened by the Spanish Ministry of Development on October 27, Granada). [3] Osama Salama, Finance Manager for Al Shoula (left), with Mamukoya Tharamal, an 2011, one day after the SRO announced the successful bidder for the international engineer from the group. [4] Javier Cos, International and Business Development Manager for Ineco 4 tender. Former Minister José Blanco thanked the Saudi authorities for ‘the trust (right), with representatives from the Al Shoula group. placed’ in the Spanish companies, which he congratulated.
12 13 The design includes specific sand collection areas, protection walls for controlling sand accumulation and the installation of slab tracks.
CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE SUPERSTRUCTURE Sand protection ➔
ADIF COBRA CONSULTRANS COPASA DIMETRONIC IMATHIA INABENSA INDRA INECO OHL RENFE TALGO Systems integrator Electrical power Engineering Track assembly Signalling Track assembly Electrical Telecommunications Engineering Track assembly and Operation Train supply for the project supply and consultancy power supply and control and consultancy electrical power and maintenance systems supply
Infrastructure Traffic CENTRAL AXIS OF maintenance and station THE DOUBLE TRACK management FENCING AND MATERIAL STABILISED PROTECTION WALLS WITH BITUMINOUS MIX
DITCH FOR CONTROLLED SAND COLLECTION
DESIGN AND MAINTENANCE Ballast contamination caused by sand will be avoided using protective elements. Slab tracks will also be installed on some sections, SLAB TRACKS COATED WITH A and track and rolling stock maintenance will WATERPROOF BITUMINOUS LAYER be carefully scheduled.
>MANUFACTURE AND SUPPLY trains supplied by Talgo will include the in addition to environmental management sections of slab tracks, for which the An ‘AVE’ for the desert OF THE ROLLING STOCK latest technological advances and will offer and technical assistance. Consultrans, on installation of the RHEDA 2000 system has features and performance that are unique on the other hand, will coordinate all financial, been proposed. A protection system will also The route runs north to south, parallel to the for controlling sand accumulation and the Talgo the market in terms of weight, accessibility, legal and administrative aspects of the be installed to avoid track contamination by coast for several kilometres, with incoming installation of slab tracks on those sections Talgo will supply the trains, which will energy consumption, comfort and safety. This Saudi “specific-purpose corporation” that sand. This project has been drawn up entirely winds from the Red Sea producing two main most affected by sand clouds. Thus, the design feature the same technologies as the Spanish project consolidates Talgo’s position as the will be created to implement the project. by Ineco (see diagram above). effects: the presence of sand clouds and the is intended to facilitate maintenance tasks, and AVE, though with certain characteristics Spanish leader in the design, manufacture This company will also conduct the demand OHL, COPASA and IMATHIA are the partners formation and movement of dunes. When to draw up a plan to protect the superstructure adapted to the SRO requirements. They will and maintenance of high-speed trains, and study that will establish the rate policy responsible for track assembly (rail welding, it enters the ballast, sand affects all of its from invasion and contamination by particles. be composed of two classes: Tourist and as a clear leader at a global level.” and operations plan, and will carry out supplying and laying the ballast, slab functions: it reduces track elasticity and Business. The interior and exterior styling, as environmental monitoring of the site and tracks, etc.), as well as the construction stress distribution on the platform, erodes it Track maintenance will take place mostly well as the high-end finishes, will be designed >ENGINEERING health and safety coordination. of workshops, depots, technical buildings, and prevents track drainage, one of its most at night. The bases and equipment will be exclusively for the line. “The HHR project AND CONSULTANCY assembly bases and maintenance centres. important functions. Rainfall can be brief, but strategically located to facilitate access to represents an unprecedented challenge for Ineco and Consultrans >TRACK ASSEMBLY Five assembly bases are planned, two at both very intense. On the 444-kilometre line, the the route. Rolling stock maintenance is also Spain’s railway industry, where our technical, OHL, COPASA and IMATHIA ends of the line and the rest at different points where these effects may occur have essential. Different levels have been established, technological and export capabilities will be During the construction phase, Ineco will points along the route. Once construction been located and specific solutions have been to be performed at different times: light proven in the world’s most important railway be in charge of drawing up and managing The nearly 450-kilometre line will be is completed, the line will have three proposed for both design and maintenance, maintenance will occur at night or at off-peak project,” said Carlos de Palacio, president of the basic and construction projects for the assembled on a UIC-gauge (1,435 mm) permanent maintenance bases: two near which are closely linked. The design includes times, while heavy maintenance will require Talgo. “The Talgo 350 Haramain high-speed superstructure (electrification, catenary, etc.), electrified double track, on ballast with both ends and a third at kilometre point 125. specific sand collection areas, protection walls taking the units out of service for a few days.
14 15 All elements of the project are being adapted to the high traffic intensity predicted by the promoters (around 160,000 passengers daily).
➔
STATE-OF-THE-ART TECHNOLOGY. There will be two Operation and Control Centres: the main one (located in Jeddah) and a backup centre.
The Haramain represents a historic milestone several consortia from all over the world, is >SIGNALLING AND TRAIN for OHL. The company is already present in a decisive step in the export and recognition PROTECTION the region thanks to the Ankara–Istanbul of Spain’s high-speed rail expertise, and is high-speed project in Turkey, in addition a good example of the high technological Dimetronic to the Marmaray Project connecting the level that the Spanish administration and Dimetronic will supply its railway signalling railway lines between Europe and Asia. “This companies have achieved in this field.” and control technology, including its emblematic project represents the best IMATHIA, present from the beginning of advanced Level 2 ERTMS train protection opportunity for consolidating the group’s the project, celebrates “a great triumph” systems, FUTUR 3000 and FUTUR 2500, its presence in Saudi Arabia. This makes OHL after “five long years of gestation, while RAIL 9000 Centralised Traffic Control (CTC) a leading contractor for this type of major maintaining our enthusiasm and confidence.” system integrated in the Operation and railway projects, which will be undertaken The company’s management highlighted that Control Centre, track equipment (LED signals, in the future in countries such as Brazil, the building the superstructure and assembly needle drives and train detection equipment) UAE and the US.” bases, along with 12 years of maintenance and WESTRACE electronic interlocks, which A spokesman from COPASA emphasises and conservation, “represents a challenge” establish itineraries for safe train movements what a “great honour” it is to belong to the that IMATHIA is sure to successfully by controlling track apparatus and signalling. consortium that brings together the best complete. “Participation in this consortium Jesús Guzmán, CEO of Invensys Rail Spanish high-speed rail companies. “Being enables us to develop as an international Dimetronic Southern Europe, is proud to awarded this contract, while competing with railway company,” they explained. belong to “this great team,” which enables
16 17 Although all the stations have a common architecture, each one has decorative elements differentiated by colours.
➔ his company to export its high technological of internationally tested, state-of-the-art >Ticketing. Issuing systems and profile and expertise in railway signalling domestic technologies in countries such as equipment, automatic and manual sales and control, “with a clear, customer-focused the UK, China and the US.” points, electronic payment systems, ticket orientation.” Dimetronic is already present in Indra will implement the following systems: cancelling machines, access control doors the region with projects in Turkey, including >Telecommunications network with IP and machinery, tickets using contactless the emblematic Marmaray Project, which it technology (fibre optics), integration of voice, technologies. was recently awarded. “But the Haramain is data, ticketing and passenger information >Simulators. The Spanish company has a special case on the international railway together in a single network. developed a comprehensive training system scene,” said Guzmán. >Operation and Control Centres. There for high-speed train drivers and other will be two: the main one (located in personnel based on an ideal simulation >CONTROL SYSTEMS, SECURITY Jeddah) and a backup centre. Both will be environment, making it possible to test new AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS equipped with the Da Vinci comprehensive functionalities under real conditions. The Indra railway platform, developed by Indra and environment is comprised of a combination implemented by Adif on all Spanish of different types of simulators, depending As Regino Moranchel, executive vice high-speed rail lines. on the type of railway personnel to be chairman of Indra, explains: “This project >GSM-R (digital radio telephony) fixed and trained. consolidates Indra’s position in the Middle mobile communications for voice and data. >Closed-circuit television (CCTV), East, and shows a clear commitment to >On-board Wi-Fi Internet with satellite with IP digital technology and installation the railway industry and the development technology. surveillance and security systems.
THE STATIONS
The first phase of the project included the architectural design and construction of the five stations on the line, awarded to the joint venture comprised of the British companies Foster+Partners and Buro Happold, along with the Saudi firm Dar Al Riyadh. Although all the stations have a common architecture, each one has decorative elements differentiated by colours: gold for the Makkah station (in reference to the gold adorning the sacred stone of the Kaaba), green for the Madinah station (the colour of the dome of the Great Mosque housing Muhammad’s tomb), purple for Jeddah Central Station, and a more futuristic combination of blue and silver for KAEC, as a symbol of modernity. All of them feature large spaces and an arch structure grouped into ‘trees’ 25 metres high, supporting a flexible modular roof. These are complemented by smaller ones measuring 9 metres on the platform level. View of the station concourse at night
Deliverable18 02 - Volume One Modular Design 19 The Saudi Railways Organisation expects to begin serving passengers in late 2014 or early 2015.
➔ >Passenger information systems. consolidate our activities in Arabia Saudi and elements and a total of 450 kilometres of Electronic panels and signage at stations and the Middle East, where we have had a stable double track will be implemented. on trains, information via the web or SMS, presence for over five years and our sales According to Miguel Ángel Martínez, CEO public address system, etc. have experienced high growth over the past of Cobra Ferrocarriles, this represents “an >Maintenance management system. three. It also helps us to establish ourselves important challenge that will bring even Modular and adaptable, integrating all as leaders in the area while simultaneously greater recognition for Spain’s contribution elements and systems on the line in a single strengthening our subsidiaries with a new to high-speed railway development.” He also solution: infrastructure, telecommunications, activity.” emphasised that from the very beginning, signalling and interlocks, stations and >Catenary supply and installation. The more than five years ago, he knew the project buildings. C350 catenary was developed by Cobra, would be successful. Finally, Martínez added along with other companies. On the that Cobra’s participation “consolidates” the >ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY Haramain project, over 18,000 suspension company’s leadership in the industry. Cobra, Inabensa and OHL >Supply and installation of medium- and low-voltage equipment (exclusively by >Supply and installation of high-voltage Cobra) to power signalling equipment, train equipment (electrical substations). Electric protection systems, telecommunications, traction substations, auto-transformation Centralised Traffic Control (CTC) and centres with a voltage of 25 kV at 60 Hz. domestic installation. Cobra will also provide “For Inabensa –according to Alfonso protection from overvoltages and electrical González, the company’s president–, disturbances, will supply and construct participation in this project is of great all detection systems, and will install the strategic importance because it allows us to signalling cables. EXCLUSIVELY DESIGNED TRAINS The tendering conditions specify that the commercial operation of the trains, as well as OPERATION STAGE trains must be designed exclusively for Adif is for traffic management and operation >COMPREHENSIVE MAINTENANCE the line. The pictures in this page (above of stations, with the same standards and [12 years] and top) show proposals by Talgo. quality commitment applied to Spain’s Adif and Renfe high-speed rail lines. The companies will undertake this task once construction An essential part of the contract is the This work will require comprehensive is completed and will be responsible for comprehensive maintenance of the line. For management and technical control support, developing the corresponding Economic, the rolling stock, the tendering conditions in which Ineco will assist Adif and Renfe. Operation and Safety Plans. establish that this must begin during the construction stage. For the installations, it >OPERATION MANAGEMENT >CONSULTANCY will begin when starting the commercial [12 years] Ineco and Consultrans service, taking into account the respective Adif and Renfe warranty periods: three years for the During the operation phase, both will infrastructures (to be built by Al Rajhi The SRO expects to begin serving also support the consortium by conducting Alliance with French, Chinese and Saudi passengers in late 2014 or early 2015. Renfe demand, economic-financial, market, rate participation) and two years for the stations. Operadora is in charge of commissioning and policy, service quality and other studies.
20 21 RAILWAYS | SPAIN | High-speed The bases for a major project Rw Track assembly works on the Levante corridor ( )
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They are the nerve centres for material storage sites and operate as logistical provide logistical support. Permanent bases track assembly: assembly bases centres from which the works are organised. are later known as “maintenance bases” and are basically used to centralise, Five new facilities were built as part of the Ma- remain operational after the line starts service. drid–Albacete–Valencia section of the corridor, On the Levante line, Villarubia, Requena and organise and distribute materials which began construction in 2008: Villarrubia Monforte del Cid are now maintenance bases. and machinery. Although some are de Santiago (Toledo), Gabaldón (Cuenca), Re- Thus, depending on their long-term purpose, destined to be temporary, others quena and Almussafes (both in Valencia) and the minimum requirements for each base are are kept as maintenance bases. Albacete. The Manchegan city was the first to established in terms of surface area, location, be built, in late 2007. The base in Monforte del equipment, etc. Cid (Alicante) was added later to support the Because their initial purpose is to store ma- An assembly base must include a he first phase of the new high-speed rail construction of the Albacete–Alicante section. terials, and considering that the long workshop maintenance shed equipped with corridor between central Spain and the The existing Madrid Sur base was also used rods and metal parts of high-speed apparatus a pit for machinery and a crane. TLevante coast began serving the cities during the project. must be transported by train, there must be of Valencia and Alba cete in December 2010. at least one base connected to an operational Ineco participated in different aspects of Ineco participated in the construction of line every 100 kilometres. A base should have this major project (see itransporte English four of these bases by providing technical 10 hectares of surface area located as close as Edition, Issue 2), such as track assembly, which assistance, and performed site management possible to service connection points. included technological and geometric defin- for another two. The distribution and specific The assembly bases are connected to the ition, management of material cycles and track locations for the bases were planned to serve new high-speed line and, in some cases, to apparatus, management of train movements assembly sections 40 to 100 kilometres long. an operational line that makes it possible to during the works, project execution control, Ineco had already acquired experience on other access the rails, ballast and track apparatus by and final acceptance. These tasks included the high-speed lines, such as the Madrid–Vallado- train. In every case, their structure and design The Villarrubia de Santiago (Toledo) design and placement of the assembly bases. lid and Madrid–Barcelona lines. provide a material sorting and distribution base. Maintenance bases require During the assembly phase, the bases be- These facilities can be temporary or per- service, and allow for the organisation and The Monforte del Cid (Alicante) large surface areas (around 10 come the nerve centre for the works: stra- manent. Temporary bases are used during maintenance of railway vehicles and track base, which covers 6 hectares. hectares) for storing large materials. tegically located along the route, they serve as the works to store and manage materials and machinery.
Facilities at a high-speed line base MADRID Madrid–Levante corridor >MINIMUM n Surface area for material storage: n Slab and double gantry for storage and To the left is an schematic map of the new n Connection to a high-speed line. sleepers, ballast, coils, etc. pre-assembly of track apparatus (load CUENCA CASTELLÓN Levante high-speed corridor, which shows the n Connection to the road network. n Ballast loader (min. wall: 150 metres long capacity: 2x12.5 tons). Torrejón location of the different assembly bases: de Velasco n 1 Must be designed to allow access by and 1.5 m high from rail head height). Truck scale. 2 3 special transport vehicles (rail cars and n Installations for electrical power, water n Ballast unloader (optional). VALENCIA 1. Villarrubia de Santiago, Toledo locomotives). and sanitation connections. n Axle interchanger (optional). 4 (maintenance base). n n Track yard with a maximum gradient of Fire protection network. ALBACETE 2. Gabaldón, Cuenca. 0.25%, except on access roads, which >PERMANENT La Encina 3. Requena, Valencia (maintenance base). 5 are limited to 1.2%. Minimum radii are >TEMPORARY n Warehouse (400–2,500 m2)*. 4. Almussafes, Valencia. n n 2 Monforte del Cid established for manoeuvres with large Connection to the operational line. Office building (850 m )*. 6 5. Albacete. loads (C turns tg 0.09). n Slab and gantry for rail transfer and n Fuel supply facility. ALICANTE 6. Monforte del Cid, Alicante MURCIA n Maintenance shed equipped with pit and storage (14 units distributed over (maintenance base). Cartagena 2 *Data for guidance only (may vary depending 5 ton crane (1,000 m )*. 280 metres, approximately). on land availability and the expected functionality).
22 23 RAILWAYS | SPAIN | High-speed RAILWAYS | SPAIN | High-speed Always at the ready Albacete: nerve centre Rw Track maintenance New CRC for the Madrid–Levante corridor ( )
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Ineco exclusively controls The Manchegan city hosts the maintenance of the infrastructure, facility that controls all operations superstructure and facilities on required for train movements on Spain’s entire high-speed network. the AVE corridor to Levante. It joined the centres in Zaragoza, neco has acquired extensive know-how in Segovia and Antequera, which the area of high-speed railway line main- are already operational. Ineco Itenance since 1992, when Spain’s first is providing technical assistance AVE (high-speed) line began operating. The company has specialists in every technique: for this new project. tracks, infrastructure, power, communica- tions and signalling. Work is organised from ince it was first implemented in Zaragoza maintenance bases distributed along the on the Madrid–Lleida high-speed line, The new CRC right lines, every 150 or 175 kilometres. There are the Control and Regulation Centre (CRC) S before its opening 13 operational bases located throughout the concept for railway control and management in December 2010. country, coordinated by a central team placed centres has been extended to other Spanish in Madrid. high-speed lines, replacing the old command The maintenance model, known as “condi- post concept. tion-based maintenance”, is based on con- The new CRC in Albacete will initially con- tinuous surveillance and preventive action on trol 433 kilometres on the Madrid–Valencia and all subsystems. This prolongs the useful life of Motilla–Albacete sections. It will later cover the Last-generation track apparatus the railway infrastructure and guarantees safe scheduled expansions, eventually controlling all maintenance requires continuous train movements, infrastructure availability, 940 kilometres of the future high-speed line surveillance, particularly when railway operation regularity and customer conditions are extreme. that will link Madrid to Castilla-La Mancha, the comfort. Valencian Community and Region of Murcia. Functionally, the Albacete CRC will be re- Basic conditions Ineco’s tasks sponsible for directing and coordinating train The DaVinci platform of condition-based n Continuous inspections of elements. LOCATED THROUGHOUT SPAIN movements in real time, following an oper ation his is one of the most advanced railway needed for the different control and maintenance n Planning, control and supervision of The 13 maintenance bases are distributed plan drawn up at the request of the railway traffic management systems in the management systems to interact and share n Thorough knowledge of the infrastructure, maintenance tasks. along Spain’s different operational high- companies. Safety and service quality will be Tworld. DaVinci is an integration platform information, thus facilitating the work of the platform, track and facilities. n Analysis and study of all dynamic speed lines, in the following cities: Sant its primary objectives. for railway control and management systems. different remote control operators. n Definition of the status parameters for all and geometric auscultations of tracks Feliu de Buixalleu (Girona), Vilafranca del The CRC will contain the traffic control and This tool is owned by Adif (Spain’s railway It was designed for high-speed rail, but can subsystems and quality standards according and catenaries, etc. Penedès (Barcelona), Lleida, Calatayud management systems and associated elements infrastructures administrator) and has been be adapted to other types of railway traffic to the operating conditions. n Monitoring elements. (Zaragoza), Brihuega (Guadalajara), (remote signalling control, remote power con- implemented by the Spanish technological on conventional lines, narrow gauge lines, n Controlling the quality of systems. n Supervision and control of third-party Olmedo (Valladolid), Villarubia de Santiago trol, ERTMS command centre, remote detector company Indra, based on the functional and and even metros and trams. The DaVinci n Analysis and diagnosis of the causes of projects that could affect the line. and Mora (Toledo), Gabaldón (Cuenca), control, communications integration, etc.) It technical requirements generated. platform is being exported to other countries, any defects that arise. n Planning, control and supervision of Requena (Valencia), Argamasilla de will also house the DaVinci platform, which Ineco has worked closely on this project since clearly indicating that the comprehensive n Systematic, orderly use of the available cyclical maintenance. Calatrava (Ciudad Real), Hornachuelos integrates all of these elements in a real-time it began in 2002. Its function is to standardise management of processes, systems and users maintenance resources in order to n Incident response 24 hours a day, (Córdoba) and Bobadilla (Málaga). environment, making it the nerve centre for and implement the exchange protocols and marks the design trend for such centres in optimise conservation costs and times. 365 days a year. the corridor. computer and communications architectures the future.
24 25 RAILWAYS | SPAIN | New high-speed train infrastructure AVE, Madrid salutes you Rw A tunnel will connect the Spanish high-speed lines from the north, south and east ( )
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In spite of the magnitude of onmental repercussions for the buildings on Once the construction is complete, work will the project in which Ineco has the surface. This represents a technical suc- continue in 2012: part of the cross-section of participated, the excavation of cess for Adif (promoter of the project), the the tunnel has already been filled in before companies in charge of construction (a joint reaching the definitive depth, and the tracks the new high-speed rail tunnel venture between Dragados, FCC, Constructora and safety protection installations will be put in was completed ahead of schedule, Pirenaica and Tecsa), the firm providing tech- place. For these tasks, Ineco will provide tech- with no significant incidents or nical assistance (TYPSA), and the company nical assistance to the management team. environmental repercussions. solely responsible for site and environmental Later, the electrification, signalling and tele- management: Ineco. communications systems will be installed. t starts at Chamartín train station, runs under Madrid’s commercial Golden Mile, passes Iunder its most popular monument (Puerta BENEFITS OF TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS de Alcalá) and crosses the subsoil of the Botan- THE NEW TUNNEL TOTAL TUNNEL LENGTH 7,300 m ical Gardens to emerge in Atocha train station, When this tunnel opens, the high-speed EXCAVATION DIAMETER 11,495 mm epicentre of Spain’s rail network. lines from the north, which arrive and On the way, it crosses nine Metro lines and depart from Chamartín, and those from INSIDE DIAMETER 10,400 mm two commuter rail lines (Cercanías), and passes southern, northeastern and eastern CONSTRUCTION METHOD EPB tunnel through clayey ground. An enormous tunnel Spain, which operate through Atocha, boring machine boring machine –the most effective excavation will be interconnected on the network. TRACK TYPE Double slab track with method for this type of land– was therefore In addition to improving Spain’s territorial International (UIC) gauge used along most of the route. It is also the ‘permeability’, the tunnel will increase ADT NUMBER OF EMERGENCY EXITS 9
deepest of the three railway tunnels crossing the country’s railway capacity. The Spanish EXCAVATION AND CLADDING_The boring NEUST the heart of Madrid: at 46 metres, it digs at Ministry of Development predicts that 35 NUMBER OF PUMPING SHAFTS 4 machine excavates while simultaneously LO AB LO P the depth equivalent to a 15-storey building. million AVE passengers will pass through NUMBER OF VENTILATION SHAFTS 3 lining the tunnel with rings of reinforced Y Excavation was completed in February 2011, Madrid in 2020. concrete voussoir. MAXIMUM PROJECT SPEED 120 kph
ahead of schedule, without incidents or envir- B PHOTOS Ineco’s participation SOL Tunnel #1 Tunnel #2 >ACTIONS AT CHAMARTÍN 500 buildings: over 1,400 homes and Ineco. This system is also used as a database The company was responsible for site business premises located in the vicinity at the Adif Information Office located at management and technical assistance for of the project. Both underground and Plaza de Colón. Along with institutional NUEVOS MINISTERIOS RECOLETOS the project, as well as technical assistance on the surface, more than 3,500 devices relations, this is another service provided by for track assembly and preliminary work at were installed to monitor the ground and Ineco for this project. the southern end of the Chamartín train the surrounding structures (underground station. parking garages and Metro and commuter >SAFETY UNDERGROUND Atocha train station train tunnels), as well as surface structures, The company was also responsible for Chamartín train station Tunnel #3 >‘LISTENING’ TO THE TUNNEL including some monumental buildings such preparing the operation manuals for the Ineco also provided technical assistance as Puerta de Alcalá, Casón del Buen Retiro tunnel (containing the safety specifications), The route (a total distance of 7.3 kilometres) for geotechnics, structures and excavation and the Archaeological Museum. as well as the self-protection plans. The The route begins at the southern end of constructed areas before reaching República Serrano and Alfonso XII streets, to end up at Plaza machinery. Even before excavation began, The data was collected remotely using SIOS, tunnel is equipped with nine emergency exits, the Chamartín train station. It runs below Argentina. It then remains centred under del Emperador Carlos V (Atocha train station). inspection tasks were performed on nearly an information system developed entirely by three ventilation shafts and four pump shafts.
26 27 The new tunnel will be used exclusively for high-speed trains and will be the only one in Madrid equipped with ‘International’ gauge tracks.
Environmental management ince late 2008, Ineco has also been responsible for the environmental Smanagement of the project and compliance with the environmental surveillance programme established in the corresponding Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). Although Adif has emphasised that construction of the tunnel Madrid’s third major tunnel caused “little impact” overall, efforts have been made to ensure minimal effects on adrid had until now two rail citizens and the environment. Among these connections between the Atocha actions, the archaeo-paleontological studies Mand Chamartín stations (see graph conducted are worthy of mention, although in page 26), both with Iberian gauge tracks no relevant findings were recorded. Steps (1,668 mm): the Recoletos tunnel (1967) and were also taken to protect the urban the Puerta del Sol tunnel (2008). Both serve vegetation. With help from the Madrid City trains on the commuter, medium-distance Council, 138 trees were transplanted. To and long-distance networks. The new tunnel avoid problems with noise and atmospheric will be used exclusively for high-speed trains pollution, quarterly campaigns were also and will be the only one equipped with conducted to measure dust, noise and International gauge tracks (1,435 mm). vibrations. Its construction complements other major projects, such as the expansion of the TBM DISMANTLING SHAFT at Atocha (right). Atocha station and the branch line that will Until the tunnel was completed, the only make the high-speed lines to the Levante access point for materials was at Chamartín. and Andalusia independent.
A major underground project completed in record time Emergency exits to parking garages Metro Line 7 Metro Line 6 Beginning of the bypass tunnel and Metro Line 2 Parking garages Metro Line 4 Metro Line 5 Pump and ventilation shaft Emergency exit mouth for the future Méndez Álvaro Metro Line 1 under Calle Serrano and transformation centre station on Metro Line 4 Commuter train tunnels
Metro Line 8 Emergency exits Metro Line 9 Pump and ventilation shaft Emergency exit and transformation centre (TC) Treatment shaft Pump shaft and TC 28 29 RAILWAYS | COLOMBIA | Viability studies Antioquia sees the return of the train Rw Ineco participates in two major projects to renovate historic railways ( )
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Colombia will regain a historical The project ABURRÁ VALLEY MEDELLÍN RIVER railway infrastructure for ‘LA PRADERA’ STATION Ineco’s tasks includes the analysis of the Department of Antioquia railway route as well as the type of rolling transporting passengers and urban Both ‘La Pradera’ station and the track will stock to be used for both passengers and waste, in a region with extremely Barbosa La Pradera be renovated and adapted to accommodate the receipt and dispatch of all of the city’s solid waste. It also covers the architecture rugged terrain. Ineco has concluded of the passenger stations, the location and N solid waste. This is an efficient alternative to the initial technical and economic Copacabana Girardota road transport for large quantities of waste. sizing of a waste transfer station, as well as all viability studies for the project. systems, equipment and installations needed to operate the line: the workshops and their edellín, capital of the Department of equipment, the rail yard and the parking areas. Antioquia, is home to 12% of Colom- bia’s population. Economically, it is The route is approximately 80 kilometres M Santo Domingo the country’s second most important city. Me- long, of which 20 kilometres run through dellín’s extensive metropolitan area is com- urban areas of Medellín, parallel to Line A prised of 10 municipalities and has a total of DEPARTMENT of the Medellín metro network. The tender 3.3 million inhabitants distributed over the MEDELLÍN OF ANTIOQUIA requirements called for a comparative analysis narrow Aburrá Valley, located in the middle of of the implementation of a single track with Itagüí Republic of Colombia one of the world’s most mountainous regions. South America different gauges (914 mm, 1,000 mm and The “Antioquia Railway” was inaugurated 1,435 mm) or a double track: in this case, in 1929, linking the municipalities of Caldas multipurpose sleepers would be used, capable (south of Medellín) and Santo Domingo (north of housing an additional third rail. Colombia’s of the city). This line handled cargo until 1999 national gauge, 914 mm, would then be able and served passengers until the year 2000. Caldas to coexist with the new 1,435 mm track. In 2007, the Colombian government autho- ANTIOQUIA The train will run at a maximum speed of rised the renovation of this historic railway Medellín 100 kph. From a passenger service perspective, line, in addition to two others: the Cauca Valley because the line is intended to link the areas line and the old “Bogotá Savannah Railway” north and south of the city, transfer stations (also with participation from Ineco), both of Bogotá Ineco in Colombia have been planned along the route to provide which are commuter lines. The Antioquia line Ineco is also participating in another access to the metro and other systems on the was then renamed the “Aburrá Valley Multi- -- Current railway line COLOMBIA Colombian government project to renovate Medellín transport network. purpose Railway System”. Medellín metro network historic railways. It focuses on the ‘Bogotá -- Savannah Railway’ and will utilise the For cargo service, the line will initially Medellín Metrocable The objective is to restore roughly 80 kilo- == existing route for future commuter lines. be used for the transport of solid waste Multipurpose rail system metres of the old route and adapt it for mixed -- In 2010 and 2011, Ineco reviewed the generated in the Aburrá Valley, given the Changes in the route use (passengers and cargo), and specifically to technical and operational structure of the lack of connection to the national railway use the line to transport waste from the city commuter rail system in the western corridor network to the north and south required for of Medellín to the landfill at La Pradera Envir- the government of Antioquia, the Office of the the line. In November 2010, the Project Man- (an 86.4-kilometre network), as well as the bringing general cargo out of the valley. The onmental Park, located about 43 kilometres Mayor of Medellín, the Institute for the Devel- agement Committee agreed on the guidelines studies and designs for the stations. These characteristics of this type of cargo require from the city. opment of Antioquia, the Metropolitan Area for the continued development of the project. studies were commissioned by the Project an analysis of the specific rolling stock most In 2009, the organisations promoting the and Metro de Medellín) chose Ineco to draw up The aim was to make the northern section of Development Fund for Cundinamarca, the suitable for carrying it, as well as the location project (the Colombian Ministry of Transport, the “technical, legal and financial structure” for the line operational in the short term. department where Bogotá is located. and sizing of a transfer station.
30 31 The organisations promoting RAILWAYS | COLOMBIA | Rolling stock the project chose Ineco in 2009 A ‘made in Spain’ metro for Medellín Rw to draw up the ‘technical, legal Ineco supervises the construction and commissioning of 13 new trains Fine-tuning and financial structure’ for the line. Published in itransporte 41
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Renovation of the route Metro de Medellín is updating A new route is required due to the current of the integration of such routes in urban its fleet with Spanish technology. urban distribution of the municipalities areas, and by the need to coordinate the Ineco is in charge of supervising bordering the existing corridor in the railway works with road infrastructure southern Aburrá Valley. This circumstance, projects on the banks of the river. One the entire process of development, coupled with the steep slopes of the local of these is the so-called “river road manufacturing and fine-tuning terrain, the narrowness of the valley and concession”: 24 kilometres of roadway the new trains produced by CAF. the numerous gullies and ravines along the with multiple lanes on both sides of the Medellín River, means that new detailed riverbed, which will channel the city traffic. etro de Medellín is updating its rolling engineering studies must be conducted To circumvent both conditioning factors, stock with 13 new three-car trains along the route in order to reach the cargo the study proposes dividing the project into manufactured in Spain by the Basque Railway sidings and M station associated with the ‘Primavera’ phases. During the first one, the northern firm CAF, to be added to its current fleet of 42 workshops in Bello. Logistics Centre in Caldas. section will be renovated, between the trains. Ineco is responsible for supervision and As far as the section crossing Medellín is stations of ‘Bello’ and ‘Botero’ in Santo technical management for the entire design, concerned, the route is conditioned by Domingo. In the middle term, the central construction and commissioning project at the spatial limitations and other issues typical and southern sections will follow. CAF factories in Spain (Zaragoza, Beasain and Irún) and in Colombia, where track tests are Economic viability being performed. Metro de Medellín expects Regarding the necessary investment, analysis indicates that the tons of solid to complete the commissioning process for all the Ineco study indicates that it will be waste that would potentially be transported units during the first half of 2012. equivalent to 106 million if the northern would generate sufficient revenue to make The first conventional subway line in Me- section is used to transport passengers the line economically viable, in addition dellín (Line A) began operating in 1995. Due to and waste, and 58 million if used only to ensuring optimum cash flows for the its rugged terrain, which covers a mountainous for waste. operating company (reinvestments in rolling area 1,300 metres above sea level, Medellín It is worth noting that, according to stock and infrastructure expansion), as long became in 2004 the first city in the world to the different economic, financial and as the initial investment is subsidised by the use cable cars for mass transit. Caldas station. operational scenarios considered, the Colombian government. The Medellín metro network transported roughly 159 million passengers in 2010, 7% Ineco’s task more than in 2009, according to figures from Ineco’s teams are working closely with inspection tasks during production and during LOCATION OF THE TRANSFER STATION Metro de Medellín. It has International (UIC) professionals from Metro de Medellín. type and routine tests at the factory. Once Different locations within the Department tonnes of solid waste daily from over 10 gauge tracks and 32 stations, of which 25 serve DESIGN SUPERVISION_First, a follow-up all units are tested, the cars are uncoupled of Antioquia were analysed for the municipalities, according to data provided conventional subway trains and the rest are study is conducted to ensure that the project for transport on large platform trucks to the transfer station, from which waste would by the local company Empresas Varias Metrocable cable car stations. meets the contractual requirements. The port. They first arrive to Cartagena de Indias be transported by rail to ‘La Pradera’ de Medellín, which is responsible for the Line A runs from north to south for 23.2 functional and technical specifications, and finally reach the appropriate Metro de Environmental Park, located on the border service. Finally, the new location chosen kilometres and has 19 stations. Line B is 5.6 calculations, drawings and protocols are also Medellín premises after travelling some between the municipalities of Barbosa and for the transfer station is a lot in the area kilometres long and runs west from the centre, reviewed, with special attention to the safety 8,700 kilometres by sea and road. Donmatías, approximately 43 kilometres bordering the Caribe neighborhood (south with a total of 6 stations. The Metrocable has and reliability conditions of all elements. COMMISSIONING_Once in Medellín, the from Medellín. of the municipality of Bello), where the 7 stations: 3 on Line K (2 kilometres long and INSPECTION_Ineco personnel is present at Ineco team sent to Colombia supervises ‘La Pradera’ began operating in the year social and environmental impact would be located to the northwest), 3 more on Line J the type and routine tests performed on the the type and routine tests on the track and 2003 and it now receives roughly 1,800 lower. (2.9 kilometres west) and 1 on Line L, or “Cable main equipment at source, in laboratories or the fine-tuning of the units so that they can Route in Girardota. Arví”, a tourist line 4.6 kilometres long. at the supplier’s facilities. They also perform progressively begin operation.
32 33 RAILWAYS | SPAIN | Electrical installations maintenance A rail thermometer Rw Implementation of thermographic inspection on overhead contact lines ( )
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Ineco and Adif began in 2008 a pilot failures with high economic costs. Its use- radiation emitted by objects. Such cameras are Types of analysis project to implement thermographic fulness for anticipating problems and as an used to obtain a thermogram: a representation here are two types of thermographic supervision on overhead contact line effective tool for any kind of preventive main- of the differences in the radiation emitted by analysis: qualitative and quantitative. tenance has been fully justified. objects, shown in a palette of colours. If the TQualitative techniques involve detecting installations on Madrid’s commuter Although thermography is a technique emissivity is known, this can be used to calcu- temperature gradients in the objects under train network (Cercanías). The widely used in electrical installations, its ap- late the temperature. Another parameter that inspection. Any defects in the installation results obtained were so good that plication to electrification installations, in both plays a role in thermography is the reflected causing the temperature gradient can be located they extended the project to include overhead contact lines and traction substa- ambient temperature. Along with the emissiv- by comparing them to other objects of the same the electrical traction substations on tions, required thorough study and specific ity, it helps finding the radiation of the object type. One of the advantages of this technique is analysis due to its unique characteristics. to be measured by subtracting the reflected that it does not require an accurate temperature the conventional network. Thermography can basically be defined as radiation. measurement. The factors just described have the gra phic recording of the heat emitted by Based on the theoretical foundation for therefore less impact on the result of the hermographic inspection makes it pos- an object’s surface in the form of infrared the technique and the operation and charac- inspection than they would if quantitative sible to check the condition of parts radiation. The Stefan-Boltzmann law estab- teristics of the thermographic cameras, the thermography were used. Twhere temperature increases can occur lishes that all objects at temperatures over parameters to be considered for the proper On the other hand, quantitative techniques are without having to stop operations. It detects absolute zero (-273.15 degrees centigrade) creation of a thermographic image are the based on obtaining an accurate temperature hot spots, which is useful for diagnosing and emit energy in the form of electromagnetic emissivity of the object to be inspected, the measurement in order to perform an preventing operational failures. This increases waves. This means that all objects emit energy reflected ambient temperature, temperature assessment of the potential problems detected. the reliability and availability of the installa- in the form of electromagnetic radiation and range, thermal focus, image composition and Correct use of this technique in thermographic tions by facilitating the work of maintenance tend to seek thermal balance with the objects the instantaneous field of view measured in inspections of overhead contact lines would be teams. surrounding them. relation to the distance at which the image exceptional because it would require scenarios Despite the fact that this technique has been is being taken. On some occasions, when ob- in which none of the restrictions mentioned used for a relatively short time, the number of Images of thermal radiation. Thermographic serving an object with very low emissivity or were found, as their impact on the result of hot spots detected and repaired since the pilot cameras are equipped with a germanium lens in high humidity conditions, it can be truly the inspection is very high. For the reasons project started has been significant, thereby and a microbolometer measuring system that difficult, or even impossible, to obtain an ac- explained above, qualitative thermographic preventing more serious consequences and enables them to capture images of the infrared curate temperature reading. analysis were performed in most cases. Capturing radiation images INSPECTIONS Monitoring with thermographic cameras has reduced inspection times, and made >ELEMENTS SUBJECT >ELEMENTS SUBJECT >OTHER inspections safer and less costly. In addition, TO THERMOGRAPHIC TO THERMOGRAPHIC ELEMENTS diagnoses can be performed without INSPECTION ON THE INSPECTION REQUIRING interrupting operations. OVERHEAD CONTACT LINE AT SUBSTATIONS INSPECTION The Stefan-Boltzmann law, which states that n Substation output ports n Arrival of the line n Power supply for traffic signal line all bodies at temperatures over -273.15ºC n Supply feeders n Power measurement and control equipment n Negative bar emit energy in the form of electromagnetic n Catenary n Connection to mobile substation n Power and lighting panel waves, coincides with the equation P = ε.σ. T4. P = power emitted. n Return feeders n Traction unit n Protection equipment 3.3 kV ε = emissivity of the body. NON-CONTACT TECHNIQUE. Thanks to thermography, it is possible to easily and n Other elements n Feeder outlets n Control cabinets σ = Stefan-Boltzmann constant. accurately measure the temperature of objects without interfering with their operation, n Substation auxiliary services T = absolute temperature of the body. as these techniques require no contact. The images above show the S phase element of a transformer in an electrical substation.
34 35 RAILWAYS | SPAIN | Safety Guaranteeing railway security Rw Ineco became an Independent Safety Assessor in 2009 CENELEC standards
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The Spanish Ministry of Development has broadened the authorisation granted to Ineco’s Material and Technology Office so that it can act as an Independent Safety Assessor for railway rolling stock subsystems and infrastructure.
n 2009, Spain’s National Railway Authority recognised Ineco as an Independent Safety IAssessor, with the corresponding duties established by Circular Resolution 10/2008. The recent broadening of this authorisation acknowledges Ineco’s quality and experience in this area. A Safety Assessment is a process of analysis intended to reach conclusions, based on evi- dence, regarding the conformity of a system, subsystem or component with the assigned safety requirements. To this end, the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation (CENELEC) has developed a series of technical standards to regulate the methodology and determine the processes that must be followed during the conception, design, manufacture, validation and commissioning of signalling and control systems to ensure safe operation. not enough to successfully complete an Inde- Safety at all levels These standards establish the roles of the pendent Safety Assessment. Such an analysis Independent Safety Assessments can follow agents participating in the projects, particularly is not possible based solely on knowledge of several approaches and have different scopes: that of the Independent Safety Assessor, and the standards. Extensive experience in railway from low-level subsystems (such as a card indicate the need to monitor the rules to be engineering is also a must, including railway in- rack) to more complex subsystems (such as applied and the processes to be followed. This stallations, rolling stock and safety equipment. an interlock, signal or all safety installations constitutes a continuous, detailed analysis, not The Safety Department at Ineco’s Material on a high-speed line). The Independent only of the documentation obtained at the end and Technology Office meets all of these re- Safety Assessor will verify that they comply of the process, but of the documents generated quirements. This overall system view is what with the required safety functions and, in during each phase of the life cycle. enables Ineco to carry out Independent Safety the case of an overall system, will check The series of CENELEC standards (50126, Assessments with high quality and a notable that they have been correctly implemented 50128, 50129) is the point of reference for the degree of technical detail, befitting the deli- in their deployment along the line, from evaluation and establishes the bases for the cate matter of guaranteeing the safety of train conception to commissioning. Every detail is analysis. However, knowing these standards is passengers. important for guaranteeing passenger safety.
36 37 ARCHITECTURE | SPAIN | Construction project A steel cube to control it all Ar New Control and Regulation Centre (CRC) in León ( )
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More than 1,600 kilometres of high-speed rail lines will be controlled by the new CRC, to be located in León. The work that will be performed in this modern facility is essential to the safety and punctuality of the network. Ineco was in charge of this unique Access to the building. architectural project. the future Basque “Y”. Thus, all railway control neco carried out the construction project for offices will be brought together in the same the new building in León that will house the premises. This will be the first building con- Iinstallations for the Control and Regulation structed in the new facilities area covered by Centre (CRC), the Protection and Safety Centre León’s Regional Railway Complex Development (PSC) and the Centralised Traffic Control Cen- Plan. tre (CTC) for conventional lines at León train The project for integrating high-speed rail station. The new building will also accommo- in León will specify the definitive railway cor- date the High-Speed Line Authority. ridor entering the city, and will include the This infrastructure will control railway traffic tun nelling of the future underground railway in the north and northeastern areas of Spain, lines. It will also involve the construction of a and will manage high-speed traffic between definitive station, to be located underground. Madrid–Valladolid–Palencia–León–As turias, The provisional station was inaugurated in Olmedo–Zamora–Lubián–Ourense–Santiago March 2011, making it possible to proceed and Venta de Baños–Burgos–Vitoria, as well as with railway integration in the city. The project >CLOSED VOLUMEN will produce a visual effect in which the roof of the building will rest on the rooms for the CRC, PSC and CTC, in addition located on the third floor to avoid below the current ground level, an enclosure The new building will have a maximum cracks of light will play a central role. fourth-floor ceiling structure and will be to changing rooms, transformer and power conditioning the structural solution for the will be built using continuous reinforced height of 26 metres and a total surface inverted, with double-layer waterproofing generator. The ground floor will provide building. concrete screens. Basement level 1 is above area of over 5,700 m2. The architectural THIS EYE-CATCHING ventilated facade will and an exterior filtron slab finish with access to the facilities and will accommodate the current ground level, but will be located effect will be that of a closed, self-contained be built using a half-foot brick wall, lined on built-in insulation. The base will be the High-Speed Line Authority and the THE FOURTH FLOOR will be a mezzanine underground in the future, so reinforced unit. A single material will envelop it and the inside with plasterboard and anchored comprised of a plinth made of Boñar technical workstations for the PSC and CTC. serving the CRC. This area will contain a concrete walls will be built to serve as help it be understood as a whole. It will to hidden galvanised steel framing. It will be limestone, the material used in León’s major The PSC and High-Speed Line Authority will large video wall (26 metres), adapted to the containment elements. The building structure feature openings, shaped like cracks running equipped with water-repellent mineral wool civic buildings. also occupy the first floor. geometry of the room (see picture in page will be comprised of solid reinforced or across the facades, which will detract from and ventilated chamber exterior insulation, 40), which will enable operators to monitor prestressed concrete slabs, depending on the the massive, blunt character of the cubic over which double-perforated COR-TEN THE BUILDING WILL HAVE a total of seven >OPEN FLOOR PLAN railway traffic from 17 control stations. The maximum spans to be covered. These slabs shape. These openings will also provide steel sheets will be placed on the auxiliary floors, two of which will be underground. The Because the main CRC room will have a building will have two underground levels, will rest on reinforced concrete pillars and ventilation and lighting for the common structure. The facades will feature large basement levels will house the installations, completely open floor plan, with approximate meaning that soil containment systems must on the basement screens and concrete walls, areas on each floor. From the outside, they areas of glass and aluminium framing. The storage areas, archives and the technical dimensions of 20x20 metres, it will be be used. Because basement level 2 is located depending on the floor.
38 39 This infrastructure will control all railway traffic in the north and northeastern areas of Spain, and will manage most of the high-speed traffic between Madrid and the north.
MAIN ROOM OF THE CRC These pictures show the most important Bernesga River room. It will be built on two levels, over Cathedral ➔ which the crisis and visitor room will be City centre located, allowing it to operate independently.
FLOOR PLANS CRC
Train station
LOCATION MAP CONTROL ROOM FLOOR PLANS Specific details >SUSTAINABILITY >COMPARTMENTS >ELECTRICITY >FINISHES >ECOSYSTEM >URBAN DEVELOPMENT ASPECTS The building will be constructed in accordance The partitions in most of the rooms will Due to the amount of power required As far as interior finishes are concerned, The project includes the creation of five AND ANCILLARY ELEMENTS with the sustainability criteria established be plasterboard walls on galvanised steel by the new building and exterior areas the walls of the Regulation Rooms in patios where landscaped areas will be The roof covering the transformation in the handbook ‘Sustainable building 360o’, framing, with a half-foot of rough brick, air (1,200 kVA), the power supply will be the CRC, CTC and PSC will be lined with designed in order to create a more inviting centre and power generator, which will be containing the specific Corporate Social brick or breeze block, to satisfy the thermal high-voltage. This means that a distribution perforated solid cherry wood panels, with and colourful environment around the future prepared for the passage of emergency and Responsibility actions undertaken by the and acoustic needs of each room. In the centre will be needed for the power company, sound-absorbing insulation. The walls of the building. For this purpose, a beach has been maintenance vehicles, will be paved with Spanish Ministry of Development and Adif. offices, meeting rooms and other working and a subscriber-type transformation centre, technical equipment rooms and installation designed using white marble dust, mixed Boñar limestone paving stones placed over This strategic planning takes into account areas glass partitions will be used. due to the building’s role as a nerve centre. rooms have been planned with a smooth with tree wells and planters, which will house a bed of sand and later grouted over a environmental, economic and social criteria Because extreme guarantees are required acrylic paint finish. The two stairwells will different plant species rooted in soil. Due to double-layer waterproofing solution. –such as comprehensive accessibility– to ensure the operation of the facility, the be lined with porcelain stoneware tiles. the water requirements of the species chosen, throughout the design, construction and electrical installation must be equipped with an irrigation system will be designed to cover management process. As part of this various backup and redundancy systems, any water deficits. initiative, the building will be equipped with defined on Adif’s specifications. solar panels on the roof.
40 41 ARCHITECTURE | SPAIN | Historic building update About to regain its full splendour Ar Ineco renovates the old Aranjuez railway station ( )
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Work is already underway on and complete renovation project for Adif, with cornices, etc.) at risk of falling onto public The station in detail phase one of the renovation of a focus on respect for the original elements roadways. The woodwork and platform sur- The passenger building is rectangular, 81.20 the historic Aranjuez railway station and design. These had deteriorated due to the faces were also in poor condition and several metres long and a maximum width of 13.80 passage of time and previous restorations unused buildings, such as the canteen and part metres. It has a basement, a ground floor in accordance with the project using inadequate materials or techniques. of the old employee housing, were in a state of with a central lobby and two side wings, as prepared by Ineco for Adif. This is During the first phase of the project, which neglect. The roof canopies made of wrought well as an upper floor that originally housed one of Spain’s oldest stations and is scheduled to conclude in June 2012, the roof, iron and asbestos cement with glazing have six dwellings for workers. The front and back is catalogued among the monuments mosaics and coffered ceiling in the lobby of the foundation problems due to the deficient facades are identical, except for the large at the Royal Site of Aranjuez, main passenger building are being refurbished. drainage system on the roof, which has been central clock facing the patio. The lobby is The Spanish Ministry of Development has damaged by corrosion. decorated with a coffered ceiling, stained glass which was declared a Unesco already approved the second phase, as part of While some of these problems date back windows and mosaics with plant and animal World Heritage Site in 2001. the “1% cultural” programme run jointly with to the period when the buildings were con- motifs in geometric successions. the Spanish Ministry of Culture, which will in- structed –such as the damp and leakage in the The three platforms were renovated around estoration work began to refurbish volve work on the remaining elements in the underpass–, others were caused or aggravated 1980 to adapt them to the trains and Aranjuez station in the spring of 2011. architectural complex: the surrounding areas, by previous restorations using inappropriate regulations that were current at the time. RThe station, one of the oldest in Spain, canopies, toilet building and underpasses. The materials or techniques: coatings using paint They are covered by steel canopies topped belongs to the conventional Madrid–Alicante existing underpass will be renovated and a new that impedes water evaporation (damaging by asbestos cement and corrugated glass. line and Line C2 on Madrid’s commuter net- one will be built. the stone), painting on The complex also includes the building that work (Cercanías). glass, installation housed the toilets and lamp room, which has The Neo-Mudéjar architectural complex The main problems found by the Ineco spe- of false ceilings a rectangular floor plan and a useful surface dates back to 1923 and was designed by Span- cialists were cracks and damp in facades and and succes- area of 64.54 m2, and the old canteen, located ish architect Narciso Clavería. It is included in interior walls in the buildings and underpass; sive redis- under the so-called ‘shed’, with a total surface the monument catalogue for the Royal Site of defective, unwaterproofed roofs; collapsing tributions area of 430 m2 between the passenger building AN ARCHITECTURAL JEWEL. In spite of the Aranjuez, which was declared a World Heri- supports on the coffered ceiling and decorated of the space and the toilet pavilion. This small detached passage of time and previous restorations, tage Site by Unesco in 2001. Between 2007 and ceiling in the lobby, and serious deterioration are some building will be knocked down because it no the station retains its original style. 2008, Ineco prepared the preliminary studies of exterior elements (pinnacles, overhangs, examples. longer serves any purpose. To restore and preserve MAIN ACTIONS_In the passenger building, the development of the areas next to or outside de la Música in Barcelona and the Church purpose of the renovation is to consolidate, the platforms and buildings, and construction of San Francisco el Grande in Madrid, lay restore and preserve all facing on the facades of a new underpass, including the installation forgotten for 51 years. They were hidden and in the lobby, as well as the interior finishes, of lifts and stairs. Along with the installation of behind the brick walls that were used to turn such as floors, wall friezes, metalwork and ramps, this will make the station accessible to the station’s underpass into an air raid shelter woodwork. persons with reduced mobility. during the Spanish Civil War, along with earth As far as the rest of the complex is concerned, reinforcements on the outside and a concrete the main interventions will be the renovation UNDERGROUND MOSAICS_The restoration slab on the ceiling. They were discovered during and restoration of the old toilet building, will help recover unique ornamental elements: the restoration process between 1995 and disassembly and restoration of the canopies over the mosaics decorating the underground 1997, and protected by glass. This did prevent DAMP. The waterproof paint on the the platforms, refurbishment of the platforms passage joining the platforms, similar to those tessella loss, but aggravated the deterioration plinths prevents the stone from breathing, CORROSION. The deficient drainage on (including reinforcement and rectification of the in the passenger building. These works by the caused by moisture. During the renovation causing damp to accumulate inside and the canopy roofs has damaged the wooden edges), restoration of the underpass between Genovese ceramist Mario Maragliano, who project, the mosaics will be restored and the disintegrating the porous material. false ceiling and corroded the metal. the platforms and their stairs and stairwells, lived in Spain and also worked on the Palau glass panels removed.
42 43 ARCHITECTURE | SPAIN | Site management project Transparency and spatial unity Ar New AVE Club Class lounges in Valencia and Albacete Interior design
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Renfe Operadora hired Ineco to provide site management and draw up the interior design projects for the AVE Club Class lounges for the Valencia and Albacete stations and their Service Centres.
s a service for AVE Club Class passen- gers, a specific lounge is provided to Aserve as a waiting area with all the comforts. Although the city of Valencia is a major tourist destination, the AVE Club Class lounges in Valencia and Albacete are aimed at business travellers, who comprise the majority of Spanish high-speed rail passengers. While drawing up the project for the AVE Club Class lounge in Valencia, Ineco was as- sisted by the strategic business consultancy VERTICAL LINK firm DEGW, which performed preliminary data Dominating the AVE Club Class lounge collection to compile a list of needs. in Valencia is a curved glass stairway The new lounge was not intended merely providing a vertical link between levels. as a waiting area, but would offer travellers a The stairway is located in the centre of place to hold meetings, work, connect to the the lounge, enhanced by a suspended light Internet or simply relax. Due to this complex- fixture that accentuates its verticality. ity, it was decided that a mezzanine would be included as part of the project. Because of its accessibility and ease of use, Service Centres the ground floor is devoted to more dynamic Renfe Operadora Service Centres were planned activities. The lounges have been placed away for all stations along the Madrid–Valencia from the side facades to allow the entry of corridor. A space was prepared at each station, natural light, preserve the spatial quality of featuring a waiting area, customer service the existing double height and provide greater desks and a working area for employees. The spatial diversity. Located on the central axis, reception desks for the AVE Club Class lounges but at the back of the lounge, is the catering are still being designed, and others are being and cafeteria area. Although the Albacete created to meet customer service needs. These lounge is smaller, the same design criteria used desks will be located in the middle of the in Valencia were followed. room, dividing the space into public and a private working area for personnel. A touch of colour will be provided by the furnishings and The upper level houses those areas the light fixtures suspended over the desks. specially designed for work and meetings.
44 45 AERONAUTICAL | SPAIN | Airport operational safety Madrid-Barajas raises the standards A Ineco supported Aena during the certification process ( )
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Attainment of the Aerodrome must implement national legislation con- Certificate by Madrid-Barajas taining technical standards for the design and EXPERIENCE GAINED Airport, formalised by Aena and operation of aerodromes, and must include a The experience that Ineco has acquired certification requirement to ensure that aero- Spain’s National Aviation Safety by participating in SMS implementation drome operators meet their obligations under at Aena’s 47 airports has confirmed Agency (AESA) in April 2011, the applicable regulations. In Spain, ICAO regu- that the most important thing is not marks the culmination of a complex lations concerning technical standards and only to strengthen the weak points, process that reaffirms the airport’s certification have been incorporated into our but to consider how to consolidate the commitment to operational safety. legislation through Royal Decree 862/2009. strengths. This aspect has shown that To conclude the process and to ensure that in good SMS management, it is more he Aerodrome Certificate represents each State complies with the regulations, ICAO important to identify future needs than inter national recognition of compliance has established a Universal Safety Oversight to react to past events. The process of Twith the highest operational safety Audit Programme (USOAP) to monitor the de- certifying Spain’s airports, starting with standards by Madrid-Barajas International gree of compliance with ICAO regulations by Madrid-Barajas, is a profound learning Airport. Ineco participated in the entire cer- airports, as well as the quality of surveillance experience. Without a doubt, the tification process and provided Aena with a exercised by the Civil Aviation Authority over fact that the first Spanish airport to multidisciplinary team of over 25 experts, who operators in each State. The USOAP performs formalise its certification in accordance also took part in the certification processes for regular and standardised audits of the prac- with ICAO standards is precisely the other airports in Spain. tices implemented by the aviation authorities. one with the highest traffic (with over The certification requirement has its origins The certification process involves an enor- 50 million passengers and 400,000 operations annually) has certainly been
in International Civil Aviation Organization’s mous amount of effort. In order to optimise ADT an ambitious challenge. (ICAO) recognition of the need to unify oper- the process and make it more systematic, ational safety requirements in civil aviation. three basic pillars have been established: NEU ST AB LO
The main points were covered in Document the Airport Manual, the Technical Standard P Y 9774, the Manual on Certification of Aero- Compliance Report and the Operational Safety B OTO
dromes, which establishes that each State Management System (SMS). PH The Manual The Report The SMS THE BIBLE FOR OPERATIONAL VERIFIABLE RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE a document requires the airport operator A CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT SYSTEM This identification process, known as ‘gap PROCEDURES_The Airport Manual contains STANDARDS_The Report of Compliance with to undertake a thorough internal auditing FOR EVALUATING DEFICIENCIES_The analysis’, enables the airport to establish the most relevant operational procedures, Technical Standards is the document used by process and a detailed analysis of the Operational Safety Management System its operational safety targets. Once the ranging from how information should airport operators to prove compliance with condition of the infrastructure. During this (SMS) is a continuous improvement system reference has been established, a potential be published in the AIP (Aeronautical airport design and operating standards, using analysis, any deviations from compliance that identifies deficiencies and aspects to risk detection phase must be carried out. The information Publication) to wildlife all technical and procedural documentation with standards and recommendations should improve, and proposes solutions which are operator must then undertake the actions hazard management, in addition to vehicle at their disposal. To give us an idea of the be detected. In this way, the appropriate later monitored. However, the SMS differs required to close the gap between the actual management on the apron, visual aid magnitude of this task, Annex 14 (on which corrective measures can be taken, or from quality management systems in that and desired situations, and must be proactive, maintenance and coordination with air Royal Decree 862/2009 is based) contains Aviation Safety Studies can be conducted to it directly affects the safety of the persons anticipate events and correctly interpret the navigation services. There are up to 19 about 1,000 standards and recommended determine whether the alternative measures using the service, and not only the service scenario. It is worth highlighting that SMS general procedures at Madrid-Barajas methods, which must be verified and justified proposed by the operator sufficiently quality. The first step towards implementing is a live system that needs to be integrated International Airport, supported by over before the authorities one by one. It is not guarantee the maintenance of an equivalent an SMS is to assess the actual situation and into the daily life of the airport and requires 200 lower-level local operating procedures. difficult to imagine that completing such level of operational safety. any deviations from the desired scenario. constant monitoring and attention.
46 47 ‘The certificate requires everyone’s involvement’ Q&A Miguel Ángel Oleaga Director of Madrid-Barajas International Airport
Miguel Ángel Oleaga (born on leaga, an aeronautical engineer, has The Madrid-Barajas certification required an The task of maintaining the certificate is as Oñate, Spain, 1949) has been been directing Madrid-Barajas for 14 exhaustive internal audit of the degree of com- important, or more, than obtaining it. We have years (the first four as Deputy Director). pliance with over 1,000 technical standards, implemented a Safety Management System head of Madrid-Barajas O He held a number of positions during his long implementation of new operational safety that involves the entire airport, both Aena per- International Airport since career at Aena, including Airport Operations management procedures, preparation of aero- sonnel and external companies. Operational November 2001. In this interview, and Services Director for the entire network. nautical safety studies, etc. Achieving this goal safety is everyone’s responsibility. he offers an assessment of what required over two years of work and coordina- obtaining the AESA Aerodrome Barajas was the first Spanish airport to tion by a multidisciplinary group. Does the certificate help to make an airport achieve AESA Aerodrome Certification in more attractive to potential new users? Certificate means to Madrid’s accordance with ICAO standards, an indis- What aspects of this international require- The certificate represents an aeronautical op- monumental airport, and explains pensable requirement for all airports start- ment would you highlight? erational safety guarantee for all users, and I how this objective was achieved. ing in 2016. Was it difficult? I would point out that for the first time, an think it is an incentive for potential new users independent entity external to Aena has ac- to know for certain that the airport they are credited that our airport meets the highest coming to has met all requirements set by both operational safety standards. national and international authorities.
Does that translate to higher management ‘The work performed efficiency? by Ineco through the Proactive, systematic identification of risks
ADT during operation represents a clear improve- different technical
EUST ment in the overall functioning of the airport, assistance contracts not only in terms of safety, but in all other LO N AB LO areas of airport management over the medium has been outstanding Y P B and long term. (...) They also helped OTOS
PH draw up Aeronautical Is the experience with this process being shared with other Spanish airports that are Safety Studies’ MADRID BARAJAS, AMONG THE BEST IN THE WORLD working towards the same goal? Ineco has been supporting Aena in the pro- In addition to being Spain’s busiest airport in terms of passengers, air cargo and Through Aena Central Services, the airport has cess of obtaining the certification... What operations, Madrid-Barajas is now Europe’s fourth largest airport by passenger traffic. made the experience and learning acquired do you think of the support provided by The international airport recently received the ‘Global Airport of the Year 2011’ available to the rest of the Spanish network. In the company throughout the process? award, granted by the Institute of Transport Management (ITM), in recognition of its addition, personnel from other airports under- The work performed by Ineco through the dif- leadership position among the world’s airports. going the certification process have partici- ferent technical assistance contracts has been According to the latest data provided by Airports Council International (ACI), in 2010 pated as observers at important moments in outstanding. Some examples I would mention, Madrid-Barajas ranked 12th among the world’s airports by number of passengers the process, and were provided with all kinds among others, are the support provided to the (49.63 million, surpassing airports of the calibre of Amsterdam-Schiphol), while of information, tools and documentation used Operational Safety Department during the EN A A
ranking 17th in the world by number of operations (more than 426,000). by Madrid-Barajas. F implementation of the Safety Management O Y System, and to the airport’s Technical Office Once the certificate has been obtained, during the preparation of technical documen- COUR TES what does maintaining it involve for the tation. Through the DOSR, Ineco also helped airport? OTO draw up Aeronautical Safety Studies. PH
48 49 AERONAUTICAL | WORLD | International consulting A single sky for everyone A The International Civil Aviation Organisation, a global body integrating the skies ( )
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Since it was established in 1944, munication and interrelationships between members are following it in order to achieve a Ineco and ICAO ➔ the International Civil Aviation all of the countries in the global network. unified aviation scheme with respect to safety, >COMPREHENSIVE PLAN Organisation (ICAO) has become Such interdependence, while hardly easy, is equality, sustainability and environmental FOR THE MODERNISATION indispensable. It requires the establishment friendliness. indispensable for air transport. OF COSTA RICA’S NATIONAL of basic rules and an independent body to The work performed by the ICAO, which is AERODROME NETWORK Ineco has maintained in recent guarantee, safeguard and defend them, while indis pensable in every sense, is not limited to Developed during 2010, the plan identifies years a close relationship with also protecting the common interests of its normative and regulatory functions. These are and evaluates the modernisation needs and this organisation through the member states. supplemented by support and technical assis- possible expansions for Costa Rica’s airport Technical Cooperation Programme. This need became apparent at the dawn of tance to any of its member states requesting and aerodrome system. The plan analyses the the 20th century, at the Paris Convention of help in order to meet any need arising from need to build new airports, redefines possible 1919. However, it would only be after World the maintenance of aviation-related instal- specialisation strategies in accordance with ear 2030: 5,000 million passengers on War II, at the Chicago Convention, when it lations or infrastructures, compliance with the potential uses (passengers, cargo, tourism, board of more than 50 million aircraft would come to be seen as obligatory. The standards and regulations issued by the or- general aviation), studies private sector Yare travelling on air highways and tak- Inter national Civil Aviation Organisation ganisation itself, or any other eventualities in participation formulas and provides an airport ing off from over 10,000 airports located all (ICAO) was established by this Convention in the transport system. infrastructure policy planning tool. The project over the world... This is not a scene from Ridley 1944 as an agency of the United Nations, for is supplemented by a study of the site Scott’s Blade Runner. These are forecasts the purpose of promoting, stimulating and To this end, the ICAO maintains a yearly alternatives for a new international airport. issued by international organisations. These supporting worldwide air transport through Technical Cooperation Programme in order to numbers did not come from a science fiction the harmonious, unified and coherent devel- respond to the specific technical difficulties >STRATEGIC PLAN writer’s imagination, or the screenplay for an opment of all instruments participating in it: that may be encountered by any of its member FOR AIRPORT DEVELOPMENT apocalyptic movie, but are likely scenarios for airports and navigation, airlines, aeronautical states. In 2010, a total of 197 projects were un- IN PANAMA Establishes the guidelines or action proposals a rather near future. service providers, etc., to ensure safety and dertaken in 95 countries as part of this Techni- for developing Panama’s airports and to prepare No-one can predict the future. We can efficiency, as well as equity between all con- cal Cooperation Programme: studies ranging them to take advantage of the opportunities speculate, but you really don’t need to be an tracting states. from the improvement of operational safety offered by air travel for Panama and the expert in traffic estimation to believe that in air transport to efficient, sustainable opera- Americas in general. the situation described is quite capable of We have come a long way since that No- tion –both economically and environmentally becoming reality, not some wild fantasy from vember in 1944, in which representatives from for the systems supporting world aviation–, to >AIRPORT SAFEGUARDING. a visionary. More than 26 million operations 52 countries met with that goal in mind. And strategic plans, evaluations of organisational AIRPORT VICINITY AND took place over 2009. All this in 185 countries there is still a way to go. But the path has structures, assessments for preparing safety PROTECTION AREA STUDY (AVPA) against a backdrop of different ideologies, lan- been laid and we should make sure that the audits, airport certification, etc. FOR THE SULTANATE OF OMAN guages, technologies and economies and with means are available for everyone to follow For preparing the different studies, in addi- Ineco is currently collaborating with Oman’s different standards and legal systems. it. It is also true that while some are guided tion to its own personnel, the ICAO receives Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) to develop The system supporting air transport is not by sophisticated GPS equipment, others still assistance from numerous experts and inter- the plans that will ensure compatibility local, insular or isolated. Quite the contrary. It make use of the modest compass. national consultancy firms specialising in the between airports and the surrounding needs globality and openness in the markets. The steps which need to be taken to bring REALITY OR FICTION? For 2030, it field of aviation and airport and navigation areas. The objective of these plans, known Its development and survival require com- these two worlds closer together in the com- is foreseen that more than 50 million infrastructures. The extra value of this col- as Airport Vicinity Protection Area (AVPA) plex world of air transportation are slow, aircraft will fly around the world. The laborations is not small, for the ICAO itself as Plans, is to ensure the safety and regularity due to the enormous differences between future might no be diferent from what well as recipient countries and for companies of the operations at each airport so that the countries, but sure. The ICAO, thanks to its the classic authors of science-fiction and experts, because it guarantees the techni- development of the airport environment does Assembly, Council and different Commissions, literature were telling us. cal reliability of the offers and the fulfilment not affect its certification process or future keep track of the path and make sure all the of the contractual requirements. growth.
50 51 ‘Operational safety is our primary strategic objective’ Q&A Roberto Kobeh President of the ICAO Council
oberto Kobeh, born in Huixtla (Chiapas), a worldwide ‘black list’ of companies that standard systems anywhere in the world. This figure is in line with the economic projec- Mexico, in 1943, was elected President do not meet ICAO requirements. Why not? That is why globally harmonised regulations tions for that period. The greatest increases in Rof the Council of the ICAO for the first Our objective is to help countries so that their are essential for guaranteeing the safety and air traffic will occur basically in the Asia-Pacific time in 2006, a position he still holds. Through- aviation systems comply with ICAO standards. effectiveness of the global air transport sys- region, followed by the Middle East and Latin out his career, he has held different positions We continue to make progress in that direc- tem. Although there may be differences in the America. with Mexico’s Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), tion. Over the long term, I am convinced that facilities and services offered, these regula- within the Secretariat of Communications and this approach will yield results that will benefit tions must always be met. The ICAO, through its Technical Coopera- Transport (SCT). everyone. tion Division, has entered the field of en- How would you rate the progress in air- gineering and consultancy as an observer, Of the organisation’s objectives, where What do you consider the most appropri- space unification, or the ‘Single Sky’, com- guaranteeing the transparency and techni- would you place operational safety? ate global actions for improving aviation pared to initiatives such as NextGen in the cal solvency of studies and projects for the Operational safety is ICAO’s primary strategic safety? United States or the SESAR programme development of airport and air transport objective, followed by the protection of avia- The specific actions vary depending on the in Europe? infrastructures. What future possibilities tion, the environment and the sustainable de- country, the region, and the local circum- Important progress is being achieved. Last Sep- do you see for cooperating with the orga- velopment of global air transport. With regard stances. One of the mechanisms we are pro- tember, the ICAO held a worldwide symposium nisation’s member countries? to safety, our most recent initiatives are related moting among countries with relatively little on the air navigation industry which reviewed The ICAO’s Technical Cooperation Bureau (TCB) to runway safety (accidents on runways are aviation activity is the creation of Regional the technical and political issues involved in has a long history of neutrality, transparency today the number-one cause of aviation fatali- Safety Oversight Organisations (RSOO). designing and implementing a globally inter- and objectivity. Our clients trust the integrity ties), fatigue risk management and training for operable aviation system. Over the next 10 and responsibility of TCB experts. the next generation of aviation professionals. Given the large differences in infrastruc- years, more than $120 billion ( 92 billion) The ICAO is doing everything it can to ex- ture, facilities, systems and resources will be invested worldwide to transform the pand its services in order to respond to the What kind of cooperation do you need between member states, is it viable to system, and it is essential that we join forces needs of its member states in three specific from member states to guarantee safety? consider adopting global measures? to make this global project a reality. areas: queries in essential technical and oper- For progress in international civil aviation, Yes, of course, without a doubt... An aircraft ational areas, equipment procurement and commitment and cooperation from our mem- requires the same air navigation facilities and The ICAO recently announced that it will training programmes. ber states is essential for implementing ICAO prepare new environmental protection standards and recommended practices (SARP). measures. What progress has been made WORLDWIDE AIR TRAFFIC Cooperation between member states is also in this area? Of particular importance are the action 30 NUMBER OF FLIGHTS, IN MILLIONS necessary, and between member states and all The ICAO Assembly held in 2010 passed a his- plans that will enable countries to identify the AVIATION SAFETY, UNDER parties in the aeronautical community (airlines, toric resolution that made international avia- measures they want to adopt to stop climate DEBATE IN MADRID 25 airports, manufacturers, air navigation service tion the first sector with global targets and change, and the help they will need. The ICAO In March 2011, the seminar entitled providers and other sectors with interests in aspirations for improving fuel efficiency by has already prepared different orientation ma- ‘Safety Information: Cooperation Between 20 the aviation industry) who help promote the 2% annually and stabilising its global carbon terial and an interactive website to support Aeronautical and Judicial Authorities’ integrity of the global air transport system. dioxide (CO2) emissions at 2020 levels. This their efforts. was held at the Congress of Deputies in 15 I would also include the governmental bod- resolution includes the development of a CO2 Madrid. It was organised by the ICAO and ies and financial organisations who contribute emission certification standard for aircraft, the Official Association of Commercial Your forecasts for 2030 show a significant 10 positively to promoting the general sustain- with 2013 as its deadline, the development of increase in worldwide air traffic. What re- Aviation Pilots (COPAC). In the picture ability of international civil aviation. market-based measures (MBMs) for interna- gions and types of traffic should expect above, Roberto Kobeh (right), with Manuel 5 tional civil aviation, and the development and the greatest changes? Bautista, director of Ineco’s Aula Carlos Source: World Bank Your organisation has not supported the permanent implementation of alternative and Our forecast calls for an average growth rate Roa, during a break between lectures. European Commission’s proposal to create sustainable fuels for aviation. of 4.5% worldwide between 2011 and 2030. 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
52 53 AERONAUTICAL | MOROCCO | Air navigation Morocco reorganises its skies A Analysis of aircraft movements at Moroccan airports ( )
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Ineco belongs to an international consortium, along with Egis, Avia PROJECT PHASES and Isdefe, which is responsible for drawing up the project entitled >PHASE I / EVALUATING THE SYSTEM ‘Study, analysis and reorganisation n With a duration of six months, Phase I (Terminal Areas) at Fez and Marrakesh aircraft conflict points. This evaluation will of the airspace of Morocco’ in order serves to evaluate the capacity of Morocco’s airports, as well as an evaluation of the be completed using the data obtained by to develop a new air navigation air navigation system and to prepare a traffic current TMA in Casablanca. Ineco personnel through direct observations. system for the African country. forecast for the years 2012, 2015, 2020 The evaluation is conducted with accelerated and 2025 based on three growth scenarios: simulation techniques using RAMS, a system THE RESULT of the evaluation of the The first phase in the delivery of the high, medium and low. This evaluation developed by EUROCONTROL which makes it current air navigation system will be a set technical report ended in July 2011. includes the changes planned by the possible to perform a quick, reliable analysis of recommendations for easy and quick Office National des Aéroports for an initial of air traffic control systems in terms of implementation that will solve some of the he project entitled Study, analysis and validation. These projects are the new TMAs controller workloads and the detection of deficiencies identified. reorganisation of the airspace of Mo- Trocco is part of the Strategic Plan of >PHASE II / SIMULATION, FORECASTS AND EFFICIENCY the Kingdom of Morocco for the development The Casablanca FIR has five of its flourishing tourism industry and its Air- control sectors and two TMAs, n An accelerated simulation will be and will include an improved airway network THE EFFICIENCY PARAMETER should be port and Air Navigation System. To improve in Casablanca and Marrakesh. developed in Phase II, with the scenario and a new sectorisation and organisation of measured from the air perspective (situation the simulation scenario, an aircraft movement improved by the recommendations and Morocco’s airspace. for the airlines) and the ground perspective capacity study was recently conducted for Mo- traffic forecasts developed during Phase I in This process is iterative until the model (air navigation service provider). With regard rocco’s main airports. In connection with this accordance with the existing infrastructure actively in the regional group AEFMP (Algeria, order to determine the capacity limit for this eventually submitted meets the safety to sectorisation, the number of sectors must plan, Ineco is studying the current and future improvement plans. Spain, France, Morocco and Portugal), which system and the saturation levels that will be objectives (which require a specific study) be as close as possible to the operational capacity of the terminal building at Moham- Morocco is associated with EUROCONTROL has achieved notable progress in the devel- produced. During Phase II, a new scenario for and the capacity and efficiency targets needs during peak times, while being flexible med V International Airport in Casablanca and is committed to the Single European Sky opment of the region’s air navigation system the air navigation system will be developed during an accelerated simulation. enough to adapt to periods of lower demand. for the Moroccan Civil Aviation Authority, in project. The African country also participates during its 20 years of existence. Monitoring committee Casablanca Control Centre >PHASE III / IMPLEMENTATION PLAN n This last phase is divided in two: the As far as ATM is concerned, ATC systems will that the current FMP (Flow Management determination of the operational concept be evaluated to determine the improvements Position) can develop ATFCM (Air Traffic and the creation of an Implementation Plan, needed for operation in the new scenario Flow and Capacity Management) features along with the associated safety study. and the controller support tools, such as in accordance with the procedures For the operational concept, defined at the medium- and short-term conflict alerts, established by EUROCONTROL. In this area, level permitted by the project time frames, ATC system interoperability with collateral airspace management and civilian-military it will be necessary to define the navigation control centres and internal civilian and coordination for implementing the concept system used to construct the new airway military ATC units, as well as their ability of ‘flexible airspace use’ will be essential to system and the CNS needs associated to adapt to the new technologies developed the development and efficiency of the new with this type of navigation. This involves within the Single European Sky project. scenario. Meeting of the monitoring analysing existing infrastructures and Finally, an Implementation Plan will be committee at the Casablanca determining the improvements needed ANALYSES WILL BE PERFORMED and the created for the new scenario, along with an Control Centre, in June 2011. to meet the requirements. necessary recommendations will be made so analysis of its risks.
54 55 AERONAUTICAL | JAMAICA | Airport expansion AERONAUTICAL | PERU | Structural improvement New horizons for Jamaica’s main tourist airport Runway ready for takeoff A Ineco’s second project for Sangster International Rehabilitation work at Lima-Callao Airport ( )
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After entrusting Ineco with their Master Plan in 2009, the airport operators have turned to the company once again to plan a series of crucial actions for their future, including the expansion of their only runway.
angster International Airport (IATA code SIA), located in the city of Mon- Stego Bay, is the main tourist gateway to Jamaica. In 2003, the Jamaican government PRELIMINARY TASKS THE INECO-CPS TEAM transferred its management to the interna- Ineco provided technical support for tasks From left to right, Anibal Ormeño and tional consortium MBJ Airports Limited, which performed before the project was drawn Juan Medina, both from CPS, along hired Ineco in 2009 to prepare a Master Plan to up: destructive and non-destructive tests with Ángel Toro, from Ineco, during a analyse and plan the airport’s expansion over to analyse the condition of the runway nighttime pavement inspection. the next 20 years. pavement, a geotechnical study and a To the right, drilling work on the The proposals in this document included detailed topographical survey of the pavement in order to characterise the improvements in the installations and access entire project area. pavement package and foundation. roads, and actions to adapt the runways and apron to ICAO regulations. For example, the Master Plan concluded that lengthening the ACTIONS PLANNED Jorge Chávez International Airport, Preliminary studies conducted for the LAP During the second stage of the project, the runway to 3,000 metres, and thereby making n consortium concluded that the residual life client was advised on the optimal way to plan LAGOON Runway expansion (400 m). in the Peruvian capital, is one of large aircraft operations possible, is a strategic n Rehabilitation of the pavement on the the busiest in South America, with of the pavement should have been coming to actions on the runway and minimise the impact action because it will open up distant markets. an end around 2010. A tender was therefore on aircraft operations at the airport. For this existing runway. over 8.8 million passengers per MBJ Airports Limited hired Ineco again in APRON AND n held in December 2009 for the rehabilitation purpose, an analysis was performed of the in- APPROACH SYSTEM TERMINAL AREA Runway end safety areas (RESA) on October 2010, this time to draw up a project both ends (92x90 m on the 07 end year. Ineco, in a consortium with and maintenance work, which was awarded vestments and projects planned in the medium including nine of these crucial actions. and 240×150 m on the 25 end). the local company CPS, carried to Ineco in association with the Peruvian en- and long term, traffic forecasts, time tables for The new venture is divided into two stages: n Displacement of runway threshold 07. out the runway rehabilitation gineering firm CPS. The work was carried out the most profitable operations, returns from n preliminary design and detailed design. Dur- Construction of runway shoulders. and maintenance work. in four stages. paving and beaconing tasks, machinery avail- ing this period, the Ineco team placed special n Adjustment of taxiway E on the apron. ability, etc. emphasis on analysing the areas of greatest n Construction of a perimeter road covering he LAP consortium (Lima Airport Part- First, a series of field studies were con- During the third phase, once the schedule economic impact for the project, such as the the entire perimeter of the runway area. ners, with German and Peruvian par- ducted. These included a topographical survey for the investments planned had been agreed rehabilitation of the runway pavement and the n Relocation of the Fire Hall, more centred Tticipation) has been responsible for with level survey, a geotechnical study of the with the client, the Ineco-CPS consortium de- solution for embankment formation during the in the new runway configuration. operating the Andean country’s main airport pavement foundation layers, determination veloped the detailed engineering on which the expansion. Once the preliminary design is ap- Demolition of the existing building. since 2000. The maintenance and structural of the PCI (Pavement Condition Index) and tender would be based. n proved, the next phase is the tender to award Repositioning of the area of Kent improvement of the runway pavement, origin- non-destructive tests using an HWD (Heavy Finally, the Ineco-CPS consortium prepared the execution of the construction project. The Avenue affected by the construction and ally built with concrete slabs covered with hot Weight Deflectometer). Such tests assessed the specifications and the necessary documen- relocation of a drainage canal outside the project drawings and budget per unit will also mix asphalt, was one of the investment com- the bearing capacity of the pavement in order tation for the tendering and supervision of airport. be developed in detail. mitments for the expansion of the airport. to determine its residual life. the work.
56 57 AERONAUTICAL | SPAIN | Construction project A quick hop across the Strait A Ceuta is now just 10 minutes from Algeciras thanks to a new heliport ( )
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GRID The helipad platform is supported by a spatial mesh structure measuring Since July 2010, this second heliport roughly 2,400 m2, which was built on 24 pillars. in the Aena airport network has INECO AT THE HELIPORT connected the autonomous city of Ceuta to the port of Algeciras over the Strait of Gibraltar. Ineco drew up the project and was in charge of site management.
ince it was officially inaugurated in July 2010, over 17,000 passengers have Stravelled on regular flights, at the rate of five flights per day. The new Algeciras heli- In addition to drawing up the construction HELIPAD PLATFORM port is the second in the Aena airport network A high-level ‘nest’ SAFETY NET project, Ineco personnel monitored the after Ceuta and responds to a growing de- The heliport is located on top of the parking execution of the project, ensuring that the A safety net 2 metres wide has mand: more than 2.5 million people cross the garage at the Algeciras maritime station. been installed around the entire quality conditions required by Aena in the Strait of Gibraltar to or from Ceuta every year. To avoid interfering with ship operations, perimeter. It must withstand a technical specifications were maintained. It now takes a ferry about 60 minutes to another level was added to the existing PARKING GARAGE weight of at least 75 kg. Ineco (in the picture above, part of the cover the distance separating the Spanish au- building, with characteristics and dimensions site personnel) was also in charge of tonomous city from Algeciras. The quickest similar to those of the three previous levels. budget control, project review, supervision alternative is the heliport: the regular pas- The new roof is situated at a height of and control of the quality plan for the senger line managed by the Spanish group 19.45 metres and has a total surface area STAIRS AND LIFT BLOCK contract, geometric control, qualitative INAER, linking the Ceuta heliport to Málaga of 6,850 m2. and quantitative control of materials and Airport, takes approximately 35 minutes, and On the roof is the helipad platform, execution, control of the work schedule was the only line of its kind in the country measuring 43.6 x 55.7 metres, at a height (which included drawing up modified until recently. of 30 metres (equivalent to an 8-storey PASSENGER TERMINAL projects), health and safety coordination The opening of the Algeciras heliport has building). These dimensions were calculated and environmental monitoring, and has provided the citizens of Ceuta with a third using the Bell 412 EP helicopter as a taken on Site Management responsibilities. direct link, and the fastest of the existing ones. reference. This model, with a capacity of 12 Because this is a new facility, rather than In addition to being fast, the advantage of to 14 passengers per flight, was used until a remodelling or expansion of an existing this line (which continues to Málaga) is that 2006 on the Ceuta–Málaga line. Passengers one, no Aena personnel have been posted it provides an alternative to the ferry service, enter through a tower equipped with stairs to Algeciras. Work had been taken place which is frequently affected by severe weather and two lifts, with capacity for 13 people on land owned by the Algeciras Bay Port events, such as Levante storms, resulting in each. It is accessed from the departure Authority (APBA), which was ceded to cancellations. lounge, located on the ground floor. Aena for the execution of the project. It The passenger terminal was built by was therefore a challenge to coordinate remodelling a 650 m2 area of the old WALKWAY VERTICAL ACCESS CORE and mediate between the different entities maritime terminal building, where tickets involved in the project, including relations A walkway was installed All passengers will access are sold, baggage is checked, security checks under the helipad, equipped the platform via an access between Aena, the contractor and the are performed, and access to the technical with a partition separating core featuring 2 lifts and APBA. and security block is provided. the departure and arrival flows. an evacuation stairway.
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AERONAUTICAL | SPAIN | Airport enlargement A new terminal under the domes A 70% of Alicante Airport’s traffic is international Expansion project
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High Speed Railway. Ankara - Istanbul (Turkey).
High Speed Railway in Galicia (Spain). Viaduct of O'Eixo. Reconstruction of the Pan-European Corridor no. 4. Section: Boqueixón - Santiago. Section: Krasikov - Caská Trebová, in Trebovice (Czech Republic).
The new terminal building at Alicante Airport, right on the Mediterranean coast, has doubled its capacity and can now handle 20 million passengers per year. It was inaugurated in March 2011.
ena (the Spanish operator of airport ser- vices and air navigation) has responded Ato the problem of the high level of traf- fic saturation at Alicante Airport with a new 333,500 m2 terminal building and a departures hall crowned by 40 semispherical domes. The facilities, inaugurated in March 2011, feature five check-in islands with 96 desks, another two desks for oversized baggage, 26 boarding gates (15 with telescopic boarding bridges), extensive shopping areas and a 1,000 m2 VIP lounge. Domes viewed from inside the boarding area. The baggage claim area occupies 13,000 m2 and is equipped with 14 belts, plus two add- of 18 kilometres of conveyors and a pro cessing and thermal-frigorific plant are now in ser- itional belts for oversized baggage. The new capacity of 7,880 baggage items per hour. vice, responsible for feeding 11 new transform- terminal also has 12 carousels for arrivals There are 57 bus platforms at the exit from ation centres and the climate control units. The and another 15 for departures in the baggage the terminal building, along with a new parking apron has been expanded from 225,000 m2 to handling areas, managed by a BHS (Automated garage with six levels and a capacity of 4,200 439,000 m2, and 10 new positions have been OHL, experience and reliability, Baggage Handling System) with a total length spaces. In addition, an electrical power plant added to achieve a total of 46. our hallmarks in High Speed Railways Ineco in Alicante Ineco was hired in the year 2005 to provide management and monitoring of over 5,000 services to Aena as part of the Levante Plan activities, environmental management and and has participated in the coordination, control of the final project documentation. project management and action plan for Ineco also performed other tasks: drawing commissioning (see Issue 2 of itransporte up some of the expansion projects and the English Edition). In the first case, the tasks monitoring, surveillance and execution of undertaken by Ineco included technical certain parts, such as the Integrated Security support and consultancy services to the site System. managers, coordination between the airport The first flight operated from the new www.ohl.es operator and the companies involved in the terminal building took place early in the The new terminal building, officially project (20 contractor companies, 14 site morning of March 24, 2011, bound for inaugurated by the Spanish government on control and surveillance engineering firms, the airport of Memmingen (Germany). No March 23, 2011, now occupies a total of and a further 7 project drafting firms), time incidents were recorded. The strength of a 333,500 m2. great international construction and concessions group 60 61 AERONAUTICAL | SPAIN | Integrated COM/AIS/AIP & Reporting Office Automated System Icarus’ dream A From teletype to the automation of the aeronautical, meteorological and communications information system ( )
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ICARO, a tool created in the early In the late 1980s, Spain’s air navigation au- FEATURES 1990s, is essential to air traffic thorities began modernising their aeronautical The ICARO XXI system provides the following services: management in Spain. Ineco information processing systems, replacing ob- solete teletypes with a small distributed system is actively participating in the with local databases at each site. This initial >AIS Manages the information required for operational air navigation safety, implementation of the new version experience helped consolidate the architecture regularity and efficiency. The NOTAM office (NOF) is Spain’s designated facility for the of this system in Spain’s airports. for a new, more universal system. exchange of notices to air crews which describe temporary situations affecting aeronautical infrastructures (airports, radio aids, radars, etc.). Through ICARO XXI, Aena automates the functions of the NOF, ensuring the suitability, quality and timeliness of the information CARO (Integrated COM/AIS/AIP & Reporting ICARO was created in the 1990s to facilitate managed. Office Automated System) is the integrated the automation of aeronautical information Isystem that automates the management of management and communications through- >BOL In accordance with current regulations, which require aeronautical information the aeronautical, flight plan and meteorological out Spain. The ICARO 2000 system was suc- to be made available to users, ICARO provides access to such data in the form of pre-flight information required for air operations. With cessfully installed between 1994 and 2000. The information bulletins (PIB). These are available on self-briefing terminals installed at airports this powerful tool, users preparing to start a flight plan and AIS information features were and through the Aena website. flight can access the information needed to integrated into this version, but meteorological plan the route and file a flight plan, along with information was not. >MET Aviation weather information, prepared by Spain’s National Meteorological any relevant meteorological and aeronautical ICARO evolved in 1996, adapting to the new Agency (AEMET), is received by the ICARO XXI system and made available to the user. information. procedures and functionality derived from >GPV Flight Plan Management. ICARO XXI provides a platform for the initial The pilot or airline must submit a form con- the European IFPS system (Integrated Initial processing of flight plan messages in which they can be created, distributed and received. taining flight plan information to the aviation Flight Plan Processing System), which provided User terminals are provided where flight plans can be submitted and consulted. The authorities so that the flight can be monitored a centralised flight plan processing and dis- responsible offices (ARO) manage and monitor flight plans. from the tower and control centres. The flight tribution system for the European countries plan includes information on the departure belonging to EUROCONTROL. Finally, in 2004, >COM Enables users to monitor and query all messages received and transmitted by time, origin and destination, route, flight dur- progress in web communications and technol- the different components of the ICARO XXI system and the corresponding parties. As a client ation, type (civilian or military), rules (instru- ogy made it possible to evolve towards a cen- of the CRAMI system (Automatic Messages Retransmission Integrated Centre), it also allows ment or visual), and other data of interest. tralised, comprehensive system: ICARO XXI. users to create AFTN messages for distribution. Constant evolution >GBDAC Aeronautical database and configuration management. Facilitates maintenance (addition, removal and modification) of the data required for operation on the system, The ICARO 2000 system had a distributed makes it possible to add new technologies, networks and free software packages: VOLUME making it more flexible by allowing changes through configuration rather than version architecture (a large number of servers gives the system greater versatility by JRE 1.5 and Acrobat Reader. The system has OF INFORMATION located at multiple sites), resulting in facilitating change implementation, boosts also made it easier to upgrade internal users MANAGED changes. The information processed by this component is subdivided into two types: more expensive system maintenance and scalability levels, reduces expansion, (ARO and NOF operators) and configure BY ICARO XXI permanent aeronautical data and configuration data. ICARO XXI is automatically updated administration, a costly communications operation and maintenance costs, user profiles (access permits, visibility). It (Annual figures) with information received from the EAD (European AIS Data Base), comprising updates of infrastructure and complex information incorporates market standards, and offers has the flexibility to adapt to other modes the static aeronautical information published worldwide in the AlP. It also manages the replication between different databases greater convergence and integration with of operation and can be configured based FLIGHT PLANS 1,300,000 configuration and adaptation parameters for the system and each of its components (user on different servers, among other SACTA (the Spanish Automatic Air Traffic on regional distributions if required by Aena NOTAMS 630,000 profiles, configuration of the COM component, the MET component, etc.). considerations. Control System). strategy. MESSAGING >M C Monitoring and Control. Ensures proper operation of the rest of the system After a number of analyses, a system was ICARO is today an indispensable tool for & functions, supervising the system and providing information on its status. devised with a centralised architecture THE NEW SYSTEM has made it easier most Spanish airports, with new connection WEATHER 570,000 based on the client-server model, resulting to capture and add new external clients requests being received every day and the COMMUNICATIONS 7,600,000 >BackUP Performs tape backups and deletes historical data from the system. It also in ICARO XXI. This system is regarded as a (airlines, pilots) as all you need to access number of web clients and users growing INFORMATION BULLETINS 170,000 includes a feature for recovering such data. technological innovation. The new design this tool is a connection to one of the Aena exponentially. (Pre-flight)
62 63 AERONAUTICAL | EUROPE | GIANT-2 project Satellite navigation for Europe A Large-scale adoption of the EGNOS system in aviation ( )
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Ineco leads the GIANT-2 project, The GIANT-2 project “EGNOS Adoption in the these procedures at airports where the run- dedicated to introducing EGNOS Aviation Sector”, managed by the GSA (the EU’s ways are not equipped with ILS instrument satellite navigation into European satellite navigation agency), began in January landing equipment on the ground, and the fact 2009 for the purpose of introducing satellite that familiarisation with this operation does aviation. The system improves navigation into Europe’s aviation sector. not pose a major problem. Operations based aircraft guidance and makes GIANT-2 is a continuation of the successful on the EGNOS system are also a very effective instrument approaches possible GIANT project, which focused on the regional instrument for airports, which avoid incurring without ground-based radio aids. aviation segment and emergency helicopter ground system installation costs. operations. This project marked the first time From the manufacturer’s perspective, sat- n accordance with International Civil Avi- that vertical guidance approaches (LPV) were ellite navigation means achieving greater ation Organisation (ICAO) recommendations performed with commercial aircrafts, such as benefits at very reasonable costs. Although it Iand resolutions endorsed in 2007, many the Dash 8 and Air Nostrum CRJ200, in settings involves certain modifications to the aircraft, Euro pean countries are making short-term like San Sebastián and Valencia in Spain, and the impact on crew operations is minimal. Simi- plans for the implementation of approach Bologna in Italy. This project falls within the larly, operators agree that it promotes greater procedures with vertical guidance based on European Union’s 7th Framework Programme operational capacity and, in short, greater op- satellite navigation, known as APV/SBAS pro- for Research, Development and Innovation (see timisation of airport capacity. cedures or LPV (Localizer Performance with Issue 2 of itransporte English Edition). The GIANT-2 project complements GIANT Vertical Guidance). To this end, the projects in the sense that it addresses three other key financed by the European Commission and GIANT-2 has received very positive feedback market niches, previously identified for LPV EUROCONTROL focus on the large-scale from pilots, air traffic controllers, equipment approach applications based on the European adoption of the European satellite navigation manufacturers and operators. The major EGNOS system: business aviation, general avi- system EGNOS (European Geostationary Navi- benefits highlighted during flight tests were ation and SAR helicopters, with special em- gation Overlay Service) in aviation, by boosting greater stability while gliding compared to phasis on carrying out flight demonstrations in support for the use of these technologies by ILS precision approaches, and smoother, different scenarios in Europe. This is intended airlines, end users, air navigation service pro- more continuous orientation throughout the to promote the introduction of EGNOS in other AW139 SAR. viders and airports. flight. They also acknowledged the value of market segments.
GIANT-2 CONSORTIUM Flight tests Award for Ineco Of particular importance to the GIANT-2 In September 2010, the ION GNSS 2010 To achieve the main project objectives, a project are the in-flight demonstrations Conference held in Portland (United States) consortium was formed with 13 partners from and tests of the satellite navigation-based –considered the most important event in five European countries (Belgium, France, Italy, applications. In February 2011, the first this field–, awarded Ineco the prize for Spain and the United Kingdom). Some of the members are: flights using precision approaches with the best presentation in the ‘Aviation n Navigation and airport service providers: AENA. vertical guidance (LPV) were performed Applications’ Session. Javier Murcia n Operators and users: AIR NOSTRUM, GESTAIR in Spain. The tests took place at the (pictures above), member of Ineco, explained PRIVATE AVIATION, AMERICAN FLYERS. Cuatro Vientos aerodrome (Madrid) and in the European operational implementation n Manufacturers: DASSAULT AVIATION, Córdoba, aboard a Cessna 172 operated by plans for EGNOS-based LPV procedures, AGUSTAWESTLAND, GARMIN AND ROCKWELL Gestair Flying Academy (American Flyers). presenting the GIANT-2 R&D+i project led COLLINS. Meanwhile, a simulated sea rescue was by the company. n Consultancy companies: INECO, GLOBAL performed using an AW139 prototype Cessna 172. AIR SOLUTIONS, GMV, PILDO LABS AND helicopter near Genoa, on the Italian coast. SPACECONNECT. 64 65 TRANSPORT STUDIES | COSTA RICA | National Development Plan Revitalising transport in Costa Rica TS Modernising and developing its infrastructures, keys to the future of the country ( )
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➔ A more diversified economy, quality tourism, which is now the main source of for- NICARAGUA NICARAGUA education and political stability are eign currency and represents 8% of the Gross CARIBBEAN SEA CARIBBEAN SEA the keystones to prosperity in Costa Domestic Product (GDP). However, the economic transformations Rica. The path to growth includes have not run parallel to the development of Liberia Liberia improving the country’s transport the country’s transport infrastructures. This network, which is why Costa Rica is why Costa Rica’s Ministry of Public Works Nicoya Nicoya has turned to Ineco. and Transports (MOPT), with help from Ineco, Alajuela Moín Alajuela Moín is drawing up a National Transport Plan that Punta Arena Puerto Limón Punta Arena Puerto Limón Caldera SAN JOSÉ Caldera SAN JOSÉ osta Rica is the Latin American coun- will define its investment programmes until Cartago Cartago try with the most tourism (surpassed in the year 2035 in roads, ports, airports, public the Americas only by the United States, transport and railways. C Puerto Quepos Puerto Quepos Canada and Barbados) and is enjoying particu- Meanwhile, as part of the National Devel- PACIFIC OCEAN San Isidro PACIFIC OCEAN San Isidro larly high growth in “ecotourism”. opment Plan 2011-2014, the country has an- PANAMA PANAMA The country’s political stability –which has nounced an investment of nearly 1.33 trillion lasted since 1948, a large middle class and the colones (almost 2 billion) in 10 strategic Roads and ports incipient openness of the private sector have transport infrastructure projects, partially fi- NATIONAL ROAD NETWORK favoured the development of the economy. nanced by the private sector. The Costa Rican Airports Golfito Main roads Golfito - Traditionally based on agriculture, since the government’s objective for this period is to PORTS International airports late 90s it has evolved towards the manufac- maintain an annual investment volume of 2% Major ports Aerodromes Secondary ports ture and export of technology products and of the nominal GDP in the transport sector. analysisCosta Rica’s infraestructures Ineco’s participationsolutions >ROADS Pacific coast. According to MOPT figures, these Liberia, in the tourist area of the northwestern >NATIONAL TRANSPORT PLAN focus, and its relevance ‘for responding to >TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR More than a quarter of the total investment ports mobilised 12.1 million tons of cargo Guanacaste province. Puerto Limón Airport is on (Costa Rica’s Ministry of Public Works and the country’s strategic economic goals’, such THE CURRENT AND FUTURE planned will be used to improve the road in 2009 (98,3% of the national total). The the Caribbean coast. Roughly 70% of visitors to Transports). Initiated in 2010, this is a as tourism and ‘foreign investment in industrial DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL network. According to the National Transport actions planned include the construction of a the country arrive by air. comprehensive study encompassing all modes and business projects’, without losing sight of RAILWAY NETWORK Plan, the road network, which is vital for new container terminal and a petrochemical of transport in the short, middle and long terms, ‘the economic sustainability of such investment’. (INCOFER, Costa Rican Railway Institute). domestic connections, reached a total of terminal at Moín and a grain terminal in >RAILWAYS with the year 2035 as its time horizon. It aims Undertaken in 2009, in a joint venture with 40,000 kilometres in 2009, of which nearly Caldera, while Limón is expected to receive a The railway network dates back to the late to provide the Costa Rican government with a >COMPREHENSIVE AIRPORT the Spanish company Iberinsa, this includes 10,000 kilometres are paved. As far as greater number of large tourist cruises. 19th century, and only some lines are currently set of programmes and strategic actions to be MODERNISATION PLAN analysis and diagnostics of the state of the high-capacity roads are concerned, the first operational. They serve passengers in the area of undertaken over the next 25 years, prioritised (ICAO – Costa Rica’s Directorate General infrastructure and rolling stock in the Pacific toll road was inaugurated in 2010, to be >AIRPORTS San José and freight in Moín. In the short term, by mode of transport, and to propose possible of Civil Aviation). Developed during 2010, railway corridor (San José–Puntarenas, 157 operated as a concession between the cities Costa Rica has four international airports, the government’s National Development Plan sources of funding. The MOPT highlights the its objectives are to identify and evaluate kilometres) and the Atlantic railway corridor of San José and Caldera (77 kilometres). as well as 116 aerodromes and 7 heliports. 2011-2014 has planned two actions affecting importance of this study, ‘particularly for the modernisation and possible expansion needs, (San José–La Junta, 102 kilometres, and Río In the centre are Juan Santamaría Airport in the railways: the renovation of two unused road network, where no plan of this magnitude redefine possible specialisation strategies Frío–Limón–La Estrella, 171 kilometres). >PORTS Alajuela (17 kilometres from the capital, San sections (Heredia–Alajuela, 12 kilometres long, had been undertaken since 1977’, its intermodal (passengers, cargo, tourism, general aviation), The three main ports are Moín and Limón José) and Tobías Bolaños Airport in the town and Cartago–San José, 23 kilometres), for which study private sector participation formulas on the Caribbean coast, and Caldera on the of Pavas. Daniel Oduber Airport is located in it has allocated 20 billion colones. and provide a planning tool.
66 67 ‘Roads are the mode of transport demanding TS the most attention’ Q&A María Lorena López Rosales Vice Minister for Infrastructure, Ministry of Public Works and Transport of Costa Rica (MOPT)
osta Rica’s economic growth has Roads are the mode of transport demand- not offer greater opportunities for growth in private initiative participation. Costa Rica is surpassed that of its transport infra- ing the most attention. Costa Rica is a small the short term. a world leader in the area of environmental Cstructures, and the government is now country, with only two large international air- protection policy. taking steps to reverse that trend. ports handling regular flights, through which What role does private initiative play in nearly two million passengers arrive annually. the development and financing of public How do you plan to reconcile this with the Would you give us an overview of Costa We have one major port in the Caribbean and works? development of transport infrastructures? Rica’s transport infrastructures? another on the Pacific coast. We are consid- Private initiative must play a very important Infrastructures and the environment must co- Overall, they represent a huge challenge for ered one of the most prosperous countries in role in the development of our infrastructures. exist respectfully. Environmental studies will be our country. Due to different restrictive eco- Latin America, after Uruguay and Chile, which A container terminal is currently going through increasingly rigorous and the mitigation mea- nomic and fiscal situations, the roads have means that the mobility of trade and persons the concession process in our Caribbean port. sures associated with environmental impacts been lagging behind over the past 20 years, continuously demands higher quality and Our other port has a grain terminal operating must be respected. The high vulnerabilities in sharp contrast to the considerable growth efficiency. as a concession. There is private participation that Costa Rica has experienced in tourism and at our two large international airports. The ‘Our economy is highly the economy in its recent history. Our infra- What role does Costa Rica’s transport net- same is true of our roads. The system must be dependent on road structures have not responded adequately to work play with regard to sectors such as strengthened institutionally to achieve greater growth and we calculate that we suffer from the manufacture and export of technology levels of successful participation. transport. The railways an approximate deficit of $15 billion (about products and materials, and in tourism? do not offer greater 11.3 billion) in this area. The transport network is vital. As a country, In this sense, what model is the govern- we have focused on exports and services, and ment adopting? opportunities for growth What type of traffic do you plan to pro- have promoted tourism as our main source of For the most ambitious projects, we are basi- in the short term’ mote the most? Which one demands the resources. In this sense, our economy is highly cally adopting public works concessions and most attention? dependent on road transport. The railways do shared management as models requiring associated with the natural disasters that oc- cur in an area with mountainous terrain and a rainy climate must be taken into account. This State of the roads is precisely one of the greatest challenges for bio priorities achieving a sustainable road system. María Lorena López Rosales has 30 years López Rosales explains that Costa Rica’s road of experience in the field of transport, network is roughly 40,000 kilometres long, What peculiarities must be considered particularly in planning and concessions. of which 7,500 kilometres are classified as when planning railway transports in Costa She holds a degree in Civil Engineering from national roads and are the responsibility of Rica? the University of Costa Rica and a Master the central government. The municipalities The network will focus on two areas: interurban of Science in Transportation Engineering are responsible for the rest. ‘The network transport and high-volume freight transport. In from George Washington University (United is dilapidated and only 30% is in good the Caribbean region, there are already branch States). She taught at the College of Civil condition’, she explains. ‘The rest of the lines in operation for transporting bananas, Engineering at the University of Costa Rica network is in use, but with an excess of while the grain sector is an important railway for 10 years, and served as Vice President patches, structural damage, geotechnical client on the Pacific coast. As far as interurban of the National Viability Council and Vice problems, bridges requiring renovation and transport is concerned, Costa Ricans have high Minister for Public Works from 2002 to bad road signs. Our priority is total road expectations of acquiring a modern system, 2006. She has held her current position since conservation’. complementary to the bus network, which cur- May 2010. rently serves more than a million passengers in the metropolitan area.
68 69 R&D | WORLD | Innovation projects The driving force of new times R&D Ineco leads four international R D+i consortia ( ) &
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INTERNAL PROJECTS COMPLETED IN 2010 Ineco invested nearly 5 million in this need for a new approach, aimed at moni- innovation in 2010. This represents toring, organising, planning and orienting the ARQOS been created, an expanded service 1.5% of its sales volume, compared company’s innovation efforts in an integrated ANALYSIS OF NETWORKS covering activities associated with the manner and adapting them to future market IN RAILWAY SYSTEMS platform, tracks, power installations, safety to the average 1.1% that Spanish demands and needs, in close collaboration with A unique service for monitoring and and signalling, etc. companies invest in innovation. production areas, in search of the added value validating mobile GSM-R communications HELIOS that has always characterised the company. on both high-speed and conventional lines. Studies airport environments, identifying hanks to the efforts devoted to inno- Through its new R&D+i policy, Ineco intends It incorporates technological advances aimed aspects that could affect the safety of vation, the new economic and tech- to align its increasing competitiveness with the at detecting, identifying and improving the operations. Facilitates the planning process Tnological challenges in the transport actual needs of today and the future. maintenance programme and design of these for expansions and new airport infrastructure sector have been incorporated into the serv- communications networks. from an early stage of the design process. ices offered by Ineco, helping the company to By following the recommendations in the E–PLAN IMPULSE maintain its position among Spain’s leading Spanish COTEC (the business supported insti- AIRPORT PLANNING AND ANALYSIS A software application that automates transport engineering and consultancy firms. tution with a view to contributing to the pro- Provides a service capable of improving the analysis of the possible impact of large With this investment, Ineco intends to meet its motion of technological innovation) reference traditional management process for airport obstacles on the behaviour of navigation commitments to society and its partners and framework, Ineco has designed its policy with capacity planning with less investment in and surveillance systems using pulsed signals. clients, and to increase its productivity and a structure intended to guide, support and analysis time and increased quality. This software incorporates Ineco’s own novel competitiveness by developing new products effectively follow the progress of innovation SIOS3 methodology, aimed at improving the quality and services requiring constant improvements in the company, with special attention to the Development of new modules for the of CNS system consultancy services. in efficiency and effectiveness. development of the projects themselves. successful SIOS system. These are geared SAD To offer effective, affordable solutions as Ineco’s interest in and dedication to R&D+i towards future applications for controlling Basis for creating intelligent software soon as possible, with a more ambitious time projects is reflected in its participation in 38 the operation and maintenance of railway dedicated to real-time incident management. frame and geographical scope, it is necessary nationally and internationally funded projects infrastructures, and cover a wide range of Favours decision-making, promotes safety to redefine the framework in which the com- (see page 72) and 12 international R&D+i con- areas within the same easily accessible and and service quality and increases end-client pany’s research, development and innovation sortia, four of which are being led by Ineco: traceable application. SIOS Inventory has also satisfaction. take place. Ineco’s R&D+i policy responds to Giant 2, TITAN, GRAIL 2 and ACCEPTA. Promoting innovation Innovation process Detecting opportunities Ineco’s activities for supporting and promoting EUROPEAN AND a culture of innovation focus on driving the INTERNATIONAL INITIATIVES need for innovation and the associated benefits, € Generating ideas 5 million Ineco has participated in European and and disseminating innovative and innovation- Invested in innovation international initiatives as part of the European Preparing proposals TECHNOLOGICAL related activities. A chain reaction is produced, SEARCH Union’s 7th Framework Programme. The SURVEILLANCE based on the dynamisation of previously FOR EXTERNAL company’s participation in 12 consortia has Selecting projects identified entrepreneurs, so that reinforcement, 12 38 FUNDING BENCHMARKING International Nationally and helped it to establish itself as a key player support and constant communication through R&D consortia in internationally on the European market. Ineco has also INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL different media motivate new personnel to which Ineco has funded projects EXECUTING DISSEMINATION participated (and participated in different R D+i platforms: participate in the defined innovation process. led 4 of them) & THE PROJECT Dynamisation activities are geared towards the European aeronautical platform (EATRADA), MONITORING reactivating the company’s entire team in order 1.5% the Spanish rail transport platform (PTFE) and Implementation and assessment the Spanish road technology platform (PTC), to spark an interest in innovation. Percentage of investment compared to sales volume (1.1% is the average for Spanish companies) which it joined in 2010. (See page 72 for more information).
70 71 R&D | WORLD | Innovation projects The 2010 R&D+i agenda R&D Participation in 38 nationally and internationally funded projects Commitment
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SAD_Development of a decision support system for incident SELF-FUNDED management in the railway sector: Community of Madrid. ACROR_Development of an aircraft behaviour analyser based on ACDA_Viability study for the development of advanced CDAS RADAR data: CDTI (Centre for Industrial Technological Development). procedures. CRONOS 2.0_Development of a comprehensive analysis solution for CRM_Development of a CRM solution and pilot implementation at railway line operation: CDTI. Ineco’s Development and International Affairs. HECCO_Development of a communication coverage evaluation tool: DETEC_Development of online track instrumentation techniques. CDTI. HEPA_Development of a tool for studying electrical power at airports. TUNNEL_Study of the aerodynamic effects of high speeds on long PEIF_Development of a tool for railway installation operation tunnels and definition of special measures to be taken to dissipate programmes. overpressures: CDTI. PILAS_Study of erosive capacity around piers using two-dimensional HELIOS_Calculation and evaluation of aeronautical easements: CDTI. river modelling techniques. A-320 SIMULATOR_Flight simulator for engineering: CDTI. SOFTDIS_Development of support software for the design of railway VULCANO_Development of a methodology for fire prevention and safety installations. risk evaluation around electrical and railway lines: Ministry of the SSICT_Development of solutions for improving critical transport Environment and Rural and Marine Affairs (MERMA). infrastructure safety (with a focus on railways). HARMONICS_Study of the harmonic interferences generated by rolling ARQOS_Analysis of the service quality parameters of GSM-R mobile stock: Spanish R&D+i Plan, Ministry of Science and Innovation (MSI). communications networks to determine the correct planning process EUROLINK_Advanced railway interoperability systems based on ICT for the network and its services. technologies through the development of ERTMS components: Spanish CLIMA_Viability study for solar climate control systems at airport R&D+i Plan, MSI. facilities. TICLOG_Communications technologies for improving information and E-PLAN AIRPORT_Development of an airport planning and analysis safety along the logistics chain: Spanish R&D+i Plan, MSI. tool. IMPULSE_Development of an application for analysing problems with navigation systems. Pulsed signal simulator. INTERNATIONALLY PHOTOVOLTAIC PLATFORM _Implementation of a photovoltaic FUNDED power plant for Ineco headquarters on Paseo de la Habana (Madrid). [7th European Union Framework Programme] SIOS3_Development of an information and comprehensive AAS_Integrated airport apron safety fleet management. management system for underground works. ACCEPTA_Accelerating Egnos adoption in aviation. DEMASST_Demo for mass transportation security. Road-mapping study. EPISODE-3_Single European Sky Implementation support through Validation. NATIONALLY GIANT-2_Egnos adoption in the aviation sector. FUNDED GRAIL-2_GNSS introduction in the rail sector 2. MAT_Design of an architectural transit module for passengers in INESS_Integrated European signaling system RESET. Reduced places related to means of transport: Community of Madrid. separation minima. NAZPLV_Development of a computer application for the generation STANDARDS_Standardization and reference documentation support. of flight plans at airports in the Aena (Spanish Airports and Air Standards. Navigation) network: Community of Madrid. SUGAST_Support to Galileo standardization. RWY-EX_Development of an aircraft runway operation simulator TITAN_Turnaround integration in trajectory and network. for safety evaluations: Community of Madrid. TRIOTRAIN_Total regulatory acceptance for the interoperable network.
72 73 SUSTAINABILITY | SPAIN | Hydrogeological studies Mankind and water S Minimizing the impact on groundwater during the execution of underground works ( )
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➔ Human intervention affects Effects of underground works groundwater, and vice-versa: Geological and hydrogeological mapping hydrogeological studies, such as Generally speaking, two possible effects As far as the effects on the aquifer on the hydrogeological environment environment are concerned, a drop in water those performed by Ineco specialists, can be considered when introducing an table levels can cause effects ranging from serve to prevent problems during anthropic underground element, depending the drying up of springs to disconnection works and to ensure the least on whether it impedes the flow of water from the hydrographic network, or from any possible impact on groundwater. (impermeable) or not (permeable). If it is other body of water on the surface. In this impermeable, this constitutes an obstacle to last case, the underground flow of water ater represents one of the main underground water flow with respect to the towards these bodies of water would be problems when undertaking under- natural regime, resulting in a “barrier effect”. inverted. Rather than receiving water from Wground works. The hydrogeological The intensity of this effect will depend on the aquifer, they would lose water to the environment is dynamic. It maintains a deli- the shape of the construction, its orientation aquifer themselves. In extreme cases, this cate balance with the other elements in the with regard to the flow, and whether or not could cause surface waterways to dry up, water cycle, from the precipitation feeding the it crosses the entire thickness of the aquifer. or result in seawater intrusion. aqui fers to the bodies of water on the surface, In this sense, the most unfavourable case which provide outlets for groundwater. would be an element with an elongated OPPOSITE PAGE: [1] Construction of the ground When underground works take place under geometry, arranged perpendicularly and water contours in the discharge area for the Sierra the water table, a disturbing element is intro- completely crossing the aquifer formation. Gorda aquifer (Granada), towards the Genil River. duced into the hydrogeological system, altering For this purpose, data collected during a previous its balance. The hydrogeological environment If, on the contrary, the man-made element water point inventory was used. [2] Model of will react to reestablish balance, integrating the allows underground water to flow through, the drainage effect caused by the Pajares Tunnels underground works into the system as a new it will become an additional drain in the (Asturias-León). [3] Detail of Fuente Alta spring, element. The impact of human groundwater aquifer system, which will react by adapting in the town of El Salar (Granada), included in uses also determines the possible socioeco- to it. In this case, a large influx of water can the hydrogeological study of the Loja bypass of nomic impact of a particular project. be expected inside the element. the high-speed railway line Bobadilla–Granada. 1
Ineco’s Hydrogeology team 2 Ineco has a hydrogeological team The team’s origins date back to 2006, when specialising in the study of the interaction the Pajares Tunnels (Asturias-León) were between large underground works and drilled: Ineco was asked to conduct the the aquifer environment. The team is ‘Hydrogeological study of the area surrounding 3 comprised of personnel with scientific the Pajares Tunnels’. Since then, the company and technical training, mainly geologists has undertaken other projects in different specialising in different areas within areas of Spain. This has led to the development the field of hydrogeology, in addition of Ineco’s own methodology, which is flexible to technical engineers and topographers. and based on direct observation and field data. They occasionally receive assistance and cooperation from notable external RIGHT: An assessment inside one of the Pajares entities, such as the universities of Oviedo, Tunnels to monitor the flows drained from A Coruña and Almería. each aquifer system crossed.
74 75 Ineco has a hydrogeological team specialising in the study of the interaction between large underground works and the aquifer environment. 1
How a hydrogeological study is conducted
1 The first step is a review of the study might consist of a single large aquifer data from the piezometers make it possible sensors to record the water surface level, existing information, which provides an with considerable water resources, or a set of to reconstruct the underwater flow. It is designed for installation inside wells and idea of the geological and hydrogeological more or less numerous aquifers, some with also common to construct pumping groups piezometers, for continuous monitoring of circumstances of the area, the existing hydraulic connections to each other, that can and perform tests under controlled contour the water table level. It is also possible to aquifers, types of aquifers, nature of the be taken as a single unit (aquifer system). conditions in order to find the hydrogeological record detailed information on precipitation aquifers and the general functioning of the parameters of the aquifer environment. in different areas of the aquifer. The underground water flow in the area. In some 3 At this point, each of the elements Special care is taken to isolate the aquifer level study of precipitation and temperature is cases, specific information can be found on comprising the differentiated aquifers must studied in each case within the piezometers fundamental for establishing the area’s recharge and drainage figures, quantification be identified. For this purpose, a water and pumping wells, which is not usually hydrometeorological budget and quantifying of hydrogeological parameters, water table point inventory is performed, including considered in merely geotechnical campaigns. recharge for different periods (the summer level or phoronomic monitoring, etc. An any element or structure that represents >The selection of different points that will months, rainy periods, etc.). overview of the area is often available, but a direct “contact” with the aquifer. Thus, become a Hydrogeological Monitoring 2 3 without details. In this sense, information wells, soundings and springs provide direct and Control Network and periodic data 4 The last stage of the study is from previous geotechnical campaigns is observation points for monitoring the water collection make it possible to analyse the mathematical modelling. This is a complex fundamental, including data logging and table level. Just as important as the spatial evolution of the aquifer. When this is done in process, in which it is fundamental to establish permeability tests (Lefranc or Lugeon). distribution of these points is the study of the natural flow regime, the results obtained the contour conditions using geological and variations in the water table level over time, correspond to the more or less seasonal hydrogeological criteria, and to calibrate the 2 One of the first tasks to be undertaken at least during a hydrological year. This variations. When performed concurrently with model, an iterative process that continues next is a geological and hydrogeological is crucial for determining whether or not or following underground works, the results until the model accurately reproduces the mapping, with the degree of detail required underground works will interact with the reflect changes in the effects on the aquifer water table level and flow variations actually by the study in question. This makes it possible aquifer environment. environment. observed. The model makes it possible to 4 5 to accurately define the affected aquifers. >Field campaigns are often conducted, >The use of continuous recording predict the interaction of the works with Once identified, aquifers are the basic units of in which piezometers are constructed and instrumentation plays an important role the aquifer medium, and to plan corrective [1] ‘Barrier effect’ produced by the underground high-speed railway tunnel in urban areas analysis within each study. Thus, a particular equipped at strategic sites in the area. The in this work. In this case, there are specific measures if necessary. (Valladolid). [2 and 3] Simulation of the ‘barrier effect’ on the underground water flow (Gijón). [4] Piezometric surface (Valladolid). [5] Depth of the water table level around Valladolid station. Interaction between tunnels and water: some experiences >PAJARES TUNNELS planning and budgeting for such measures. and monitoring began concurrently with the >STUDIES FOR impossible to analyse without constructing n In Gijón, a city by the Cantabrian Sea Ineco now monitors the hydrogeological Hydrogeological monitoring will continue informative study for the project. This was UNDERGROUND RAILWAY mathematical models. (north of Spain), a study addressed the control and surveillance network established after the tunnels are completed in order to an unmissable opportunity to characterise LINES IN URBAN AREAS interaction between the planned intermodal during the study, which has made it possible analyse and determine the effectiveness of the aquifer and analyse its behaviour in Such as those in the cities of Valladolid, n In Valladolid, the route for the new station and the aquifer environment, to analyse the spatio-temporal behaviour of these corrective measures over the short and the natural flow regime before starting the Gijón and Logroño. In these cases, there high-speed railway tunnel, with underground comprised of Jurassic calcareous materials the interaction between the Pajares Tunnels medium term. works. Moreover, due to the special climatic was an additional problem: the flow in the tracks, ran more or less parallel to the river. forming a multilayer aquifer. Although the and the hydrogeological environment. This conditions observed during the winter of initial scenario was already highly altered It therefore represented a nearly perpendicular mathematical modelling was arduous, it was project complements the aforementioned >HIGH-SPEED TUNNELS 2009-2010, with an unusual abundance of by the existence of a considerable number barrier to the underground water flow. The successfully concluded. In this case, there ‘Hydrogeological study of the area surrounding Such as the one in Archidona (Málaga) precipitation, the area could be characterised of underground anthropic elements, such as hydrogeological study made it possible to later was a risk of marine intrusion phenomena the Pajares Tunnels’. Both have played an and the Loja bypass at its passage through in a ‘high water’ scenario (maximum water basements, parking garages, underpasses, calibrate a mathematical model simulating aggravated by the influence of the ocean essential role in determining the corrective Sierra Gorda (Granada). The importance of table levels). This was of particular interest preexisting tunnels, etc. The effects of the effectiveness of different solutions for tides. This influence extends several hundred measures for minimising the influence of this last case (see picture 1 on page 75) lies for planning corrective measures to be on the the introduction of a new element and its restoring the flow of water and avoiding metres inland, as shown in the study (see the drainage caused by the tunnels, and in the fact that the hydrogeological study safe side. influence on existing elements are nearly effects on existing constructions. pictures 2 and 3 above).
76 77 SUSTAINABILITY | SPAIN | Aeronautical and acoustic easements Rules for a good neighbourhood S Ineco applies its extensive experience ( )
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RESTRICTIONS WHICH GUARANTEE SAFETY Airport activities affect those of the surrounding environment, An area free of obstacles Around 15% of Spain’s municipalities and vice-versa. The purpose of (ICAO) and in accordance with the rules are affected by aeronautical easements. at the time, Spanish Decree 584, dated aeronautical easements is to Ineco has been helping Aena develop such February 24, 1972, they defined the ensure compatibility between easements for years using its own tools. aeronautical easements, areas and surfaces the two. Ineco has extensive to be established in and around aerodromes. experience with such easements bstacle limitation in the vicinity of This easement decree is now being updated, airports, essential to guaranteeing largely due to the discrepancies between and has conducted its own R&D+i Ooperational safety, involves the public those regulations and the standards and in this area. administrations (national, regional and recommendations proposed by the ICAO. local), the surrounding towns, land owners Moreover, Spanish Royal Decree 862, dated n airport is an important focus of eco- and the airport managers themselves. May 14, 2009, which approved the technical nomic activity. The immediate vicin ity Uncontrolled building next to airports can standards for the design and operation Ais therefore very attractive for differ- not only decrease their efficiency in terms of public aerodromes and regulating the ent business activities, and this affects urban of capacity, but can even impede certain certification of airports by the State, defined development. At the same time, airport ac- operations. obstacle limitation surfaces in a slightly tivities affect the quality of life of the inhabit- Spanish aeronautical regulations therefore different way to those established in Decree ants of nearby towns, particularly their acoustic define a series of surfaces in the vicinity of 584/1972. Modification of the Decree will comfort. airports that must be kept free of obstacles. bring the proposed legal protection marked Different types of easements are established These surfaces mark the height limits for by aeronautical easements in line with by legislation, which defines different types of nearby constructions and installations today’s airport operations. restrictions. The ultimate goal is to ensure that within the airspace. Spain’s aeronautical the airport’s operational safety is compatible regulations already take these surfaces Urban integration studies. Within this with the activities in the surrounding area, into account. With guidance from the legal framework, Ineco is conducting including urban development. International Civil Aviation Organisation different studies in order to make airports ➔
TYPES OF EASEMENTS Helios, an innovation tool The purpose of aerodrome easements The areas affected by aeronautical easements surfaces and territorial integration studies. is to guarantee the safety of aircraft established for the airports managed by Aena It also includes an extensive urban planning movements at aerodromes and in occupy over 1.8 million hectares of Spanish database. Its two-dimensional query tools the surrounding areas. Radioelectric territory. Spain has 8,116 municipalities, evaluate whether a particular territorial installation easements ensure the of which roughly 1,200 (around 15%) are area is affected by the airport and to what correct equipment operation, and affected to some extent by the aeronautical extent, and whether a specific area or aircraft operation easements guarantee easements defined for these airports. installation is within the airport service area. the different phases of instrument They also use the approved isophonic curves approach manoeuvres . Finally, acoustic In order to handle this amount of data, to determine the noise level in a certain area. easements are intended to make urban Ineco has developed HELIOS, a tool based The three-dimensional tools evaluate the planning in the surrounding area on a Geographic Information System (GIS), impact of the height limitation surfaces on compatible with aeronautical activities. to which a series of specialised tools have the territory and can even calculate them if been added to calculate obstacle limitation they are not available in the database. 78 79 Spanish aeronautical regulations define a series of surfaces in the vicinity of airports that must be kept free of obstacles.
ACOUSTIC EASEMENTS ➔ compatible and harmonious with their surrounding areas. In particular, the Protected against Process of calculating noise immission levels company has been working for over 10 Aena is in charge of defining acoustic Contours around Civil Airports”), published years for Spain’s aeronautical authorities, noise easement areas. The process starts with in 1997. For evaluating noise indicators, the reviewing and studying the projects for The legislation defines how to mark acoustic the creation of a noise map, in accordance modelling software used by the US Federal urban and territorial development plans and protection areas around an airport and what with the technical specifications established Aviation Administration (FAA) is used: instruments that the public administrations measures to implement so that present and by current regulations. Later, the Spanish the INM (Integrated Noise Model), which must send to the Spanish Ministry of future airport operations do not affect the Ministry of Development, through the Civil incorporates the variables defining the Development prior to initial approval. The acoustic comfort of the areas’s inhabitants. Aviation Authority, must give its approval location and sound immission power, as studies analyse whether the projects respect o preserve an area’s acoustic quality and publish it in a Ministerial Order. well as the sound propagation generated. the easements and whether the land uses and palliate the possible effects The acoustic evaluation is performed proposed are compatible with the noise Tof noise immissions, the legislation by calculating the immission levels for The results produced by this process are levels. provides for the possibility of marking certain indicators reflecting the long-term isophonic curves, or curves showing similar acoustic easement areas in the vicinity average noise level at different times of day, noise levels. These lines mark the territory of ports, roads, railway lines and divided into periods. Different physical and included in the aeronautical easement airports. This creates protected operational scenarios are also considered area. The isophonic curve, or noise index areas around infrastructures in order to depict the actual situation, as level curve, farthest from the airport that take into account well as the expected development scenarios infrastructure for the scenarios studied is the future urban growth contained in the Master Plan for the airport. the outer boundary for the area, according of the municipalities, In Spain, there is no nationally accepted to the immission limit values set for the land making it necessary standard noise calculation methodology. use type, specifically for residential use. The to correct all existing The methodology used as a reference is validity of this boundary is indefinite as long acoustic conflicts established in Document 29 of the European as no changes in the airport infrastructure deriving from such Civil Aviation Conference (“Report on alter the noise levels in the surrounding area. operations by means Standard Method of Computing Noise In this case, a review would be required. of a plan of action. Project in Oman Measures for acoustic comfort The experience acquired with HELIOS is >REPERCUSSIONS installations and buildings are restricted administration (Civil Aviation Authority short- and long-term action programme to The ‘balanced approach’ concept also proving extremely useful for defining similar ON URBAN PLANNING under Spanish legislation, thus avoiding of the Spanish Ministry of Development). correct any conflicts detected. recommends that several measures be tools for international clients. This is the n Land management is one of the most future conflicts. considered simultaneously. case of the project now being conducted effective means of ensuring compatibility >ACTION PLANS n The actions undertaken by Aena in terms for the Omani government. The GIS-based between the activities in the surrounding n The territory was previously divided into n What happens when acoustic easements of corrective acoustic measures fall under n Other complementary measures have also tool under development has been adapted area and airport operation and development. acoustic areas or sectors based on the affect previously developed urban areas? the ‘balanced approach’ concept introduced been defined, such as acoustic insulation in to the country’s legislation and takes into Proper planning optimises the effectiveness predominant land use. This competence For these cases, the legislation requires by the ICAO in the late 90s to address the homes (which Aena has been implementing account obstacle limitation surfaces, the of protective and corrective measures, such corresponds to the different regional that mandatory ‘action plans’ be drawn up. problem of airport noise. The ICAO has for over a decade) and instruments of noise footprints present in the airport Master as technical improvements to aircraft and administrations (Spanish autonomous They must contain at least the following: established four areas of action: reduction political participation that make it possible Plans, protection surfaces for radioelectric operational abatement procedures. communities) and is usually delegated the legal context, a description of the of noise levels at the source, suitable land- for the parties involved to intervene in aeronautical installations, special wildlife to the municipalities. Before approving infrastructure and quantification of the use planning and management, establishing the process in order to achieve greater protection areas and Public Safety Zones n Acoustic easement areas establish a stable any urban development plan, they must acoustic effects generated, a definition of noise abatement operational procedures transparency and to generate confidence (PSZ), among other elements. corridor in which certain land uses, activities, receive a binding report from the national the current measures implemented, and a and adopting operating restrictions. in all measures undertaken.
80 81 NEW CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) CAMPAIGN SF) M ( RON TIÈRES ANS F CINS S MÉDE INECO’S DONATION TARGETS THE Y At Aena Airports we strive to make our passengers’ NUTRITIONAL PROGRAMME, BUT THE OS B experiences at our airports pleasant and full of OVERALL OBJECTIVE OF THE CAMPAIGN IS PH OT Your journey possibilities. TO PROVIDE HUMANITARIAN MEDICAL This is why we are constantly improving our facilities ASSISTANCE TO THE POPULATION. OVER to off er better infrastructures and services. THE COURSE OF THIS PROJECT, CONSIDERABLE Each individual package of ‘Ready to Use begins at the All so that you can enjoy trouble-free travel and all that Therapeutic Food’ (RUTF) contains 500 calories. TARGETS HAVE BEEN REACHED, SUCH AS INCREASING THE NUMBER OF MOBILE our airports have to off er. CLINICS AND TRAINING COMMUNITY Find out about everything necessary for your journey HEALTH WORKERS TO DETECT POSSIBLE airport through the information sources we make available Ineco against hunger CRISES THAT COULD WORSEN THE to you. SITUATION FOR THE POPULATION. Over 1,000 children in Degehbur neco has increased amount collected. In addition, (Ethiopia) have received therapeutic in recent years its par- employees can vote to decide what nutritional treatment thanks to Iticipation in Corporate Social solidary action project their donations : : Responsibility (CSR) campaigns in an effort to will finance. donations from Ineco employees reconcile business management with social, The next project will support the fight 902 404 704 (+34) 91 321 10 00 www.aena-aeropuertos.es who participated in the ‘Euro labour and environmental concerns in a bal- against child malnutrition in the region of Solidario’ campaign, in collaboration anced manner. Darbhanga (India). This will be another joint with Médecins Sans Frontières. The One representative action is the Euro Soli- project with Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) next project chosen will target child dario project, in which company employees to continue the work that began last year in can participate by donating 1, or as much Ethiopia. malnutrition in Darbhanga (India). as they like ( 3.25 is the monthly cost for MSF, which has been operating in Ethiopia one therapeutic food treatment), by having since 2004, focuses its projects in this area on the amount deducted from their pay. At the assisting the victims of violence, epidemics, end of the campaign, Ineco doubles the total pandemics and nutritional crises. BRIDGING DISTANCES. BRINGING PEOPLE TOGETHER. www.fomento.es
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I TRANSPORTE 215x280 INGLES SANTIAGO.indd 1 23/11/11 17:05 www.adif.es
Adif is proud to be part of the consortium made up of Spanish companies Our technology goes a long that will build and be responsible for operating the new high-speed rail line connecting the cities of Medina and Mecca, a major project with an investment of more than €6,700 million. The desert high-speed train will link both cities in way, more than 5,000 approximately two hours and a half at more than 300 kilometers per hour. Adif, a public enterprise that is accountable to the Ministry of Public Works of Spain, kilometers from here will export its knowledge and technology; an expertise acquired after decades working on railway development and promotion projects in Spain, which has made us the European leaders in high-speed systems. Adif takes on with enthusiasm its role as the company that will coordinate the work of the construction companies, the Medina-Jeddah-Mecca line, 444 kilometers commissioning of the line, its operation and that of the stations, train circulation, safety, and line maintenance tasks for the next 12 years. Adif spares no effort for Spain to export of Spanish high-speed lines in Saudi Arabia its high-speed systems, maybe the best high-speed systems in the world.
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