Native Edible Plants of the Thursday, February 13, 2020 Prepared by Russ Cohen, with the Northeast U.S. and E. Canada - table format and much of its content courtesy of Jess Lubell, landscape suitabilities Assistant Professor, UCONN, with additional content provided by Dan Jaffe, Norcross Sanctuary
Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Box Elder Acer negundo Maple, Red Acer rubrum O Maple, Silver Acer saccharinum
Maple, Sugar Acer saccharum Sweet Flag Acorus R (Calamus) americanus Meadow Garlic Allium canadense R
Wild Chives Allium R schoenoprasum Wild Leek Allium tricoccum R (Ramps) Juneberry/Shad Amelanchier spp. O bush Hog Peanut Amphicarpaea bracteata
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 1 of 14 Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Angelica Angelica R atropurpurea Seacoast Angelica lucida Angelica Groundnut Apios americana Spikenard, Aralia racemosa American Bearberry Arctostaphylos R uva-ursi Silverweed, Argentina Saltmarsh (Potentilla) egedii
Chokeberry, Aronia O Black melanocarpa Wild Asarum R Ginger*(see canadense*(see NOTE) NOTE) Milkweed, Asclepias syriaca R Common Pawpaw Asimina triloba R Orache Atriplex spp. Yellow Birch Betula R alleghaniensis Black Birch Betula lenta R Alpine Bistort Bistorta vivipara (Polygonum viviparum)
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 2 of 14 Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Sea Rocket Cakile edentula R Marsh Caltha palustris R Marigold (Cowslip) Bellflower, Campanula Scotch rotundifolia Toothwort Cardamine R (Dentaria) spp. Pennsylvania Cardamine bitter-cress pensylvanica Pignut Hickory Carya glabra O Hickory, Carya ovata O Shagbark Chestnut, Castanea dentata American New Jersey Tea Ceanothus U americanus Hackberry Celtis occidentalis O
Redbud Cercis canadensis O
Bunchberry Chamaepericlyme num canadense Fireweed Chamerion O (Epilobium) angustifolium
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 3 of 14 Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Strawberry- Chenopodium Blite capitatum Spring Beauty Claytonia virginica + caroliniana Clintonia (Corn Clintonia borealis O Lily or Blue Bead Lily) Sweet Fern Comptonia R peregrina Hazelnut, Corylus O Common americana Hazelnut, Corylus cornuta O Beaked Hawthorn Crataegus spp. R Cinquefoil, Dasiphora R Shrubby floribunda Persimmon Diospyros virginiana Black Empetrum Crowberry nigrum Trailing Epigaea repens Arbutus (Mayflower) Trout Lily, Erythronium Dogtooth Violet americanum
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 4 of 14 Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Big-leaved Eurybia Aster macrophylla Beech Fagus grandifolia R
Wild Fragaria vesca F Strawberry Wild Fragaria F Strawberry virginiana Creeping Gaultheria Snowberry hispidula Wintergreen Gaultheria R procumbens Huckleberry, Gaylussacia R Black baccata Dangleberry Gaylussacia U (Blue frondosa Huckleberry) Water or Geum rivale O Purple Avens Jerusalem Helianthus F Artichoke tuberosus Cow Parsnip Heracleum R maximum Rose Mallow, Hibiscus O Swamp moscheutos
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 5 of 14 Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Beach Greens Honckenya (Seabeach peploides Sandwort) Waterleaf, Hydrophyllum Virginia virginianum Jewelweed Impatiens biflora O or pallida Butternut/Whit Juglans cinerea e Walnut Black Walnut Juglans nigra Juniper, Juniperus O Common communis Juniper, Juniperus O Creeping horizontalis Eastern Red Juniperus O Cedar virginiana Wild Lettuce Lactuca F canadensis Wood Nettle Laportea canadensis Beach Pea Lathyrus japonicus var. maritimus Pepperweed, Lepidium Poor-man's virginianum Scotch Lovage Ligusticum scoticum
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 6 of 14 Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Canada Lily Lilium canadense F Turk's Cap Lily Lilium superbum F Spicebush Lindera benzoin O Northern/Mou Lonicera villosa ntain Fly Honeysuckle (Waterberry) Bugleweed/Wa Lycopus uniflorus R ter Horehound
Canada Maianthemum O Mayflower canadense (False Lily of the Valley) False Maianthemum or O Solomon's Seal Smilacina racemosum Starry False Maianthemum O Solomon's Seal stellatum Ostrich Fern Matteuccia R struthiopteris Indian Medeola Cucumber virginiana American Wild Mentha R Mint canadensis Oysterleaf Mertensia maritima
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 7 of 14 Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Partridgeberry Michella repens R Wild Bergamot Monarda fistulosa R
Bee-balm, Monarda R Spotted; punctata Horsemint Bayberry Morella R caroliniensis (form. Myrica pensylvanica) Mulberry, Red Morus rubra Sweet Gale Myrica gale R Lotus, American Nelumbo lutea
Spatterdock, Nuphar variegata Cow Lily White Water Nymphaea spp,. Lily Tupelo/Black Nyssa sylvatica R Gum Evening Oenothera R Primrose biennis Eastern Prickly Opuntia humifusa R Pear Sweet Cicely; Osmorhiza R Aniseroot longistylis
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 8 of 14 Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Wood Sorrel, Oxalis montana Mountain or White Wood Sorrel, Oxalis violacea Violet Mountain Oxyria digyna Sorrel Dwarf Ginseng Panax trifolium Passionfruit Passiflora (Maypops) incarnata Ground Cherry, Physalis spp. (*P. Husk Tomato heterophylla is native to MA)
Pokeweed Phytolacca O americana White Pine Pinus strobus O Seaside Plantago Plantain maritima var. (Goosetongue) juncoides May Apple Podophyllum R peltatum Solomon's Seal Polygonatum spp. F
Pickerelweed Pontedaria cordata
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 9 of 14 Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Plum, American Prunus americana O
Beach Plum Prunus maritima R Plum, Canada Prunus nigra O Fire or Pin Prunus R Cherry pensylvanica Sand Cherry Prunus pumila F Black Cherry Prunus serotina R Choke Cherry Prunus virginiana O
Bracken Fern Pteridium O aquilinum Mountain Mint Pycnanthemum R spp. White Oak Quercus alba Swamp White Quercus bicolor Oak Bur Oak Quercus macrocarpa Chestnut Oak Quercus prinus O Red Oak Quercus rubra R Meadow Rhexia virginica Beauty Roseroot Rhodiola rosea
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 10 of 14 Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Labrador Tea Rhododendron (Ledum) groenlandicum Sumac, Fragrant Rhus aromatica R
Winged (aka Rhus copallinum Shining) Sumac Sumac, Smooth Rhus glabra
Sumac, Rhus typhina O Staghorn (hirta) Currants/Goose Ribes triste and berries other spp. Wild Rose Rosa spp. F Rose, Virginia Rosa virginiana F Bakeapple Rubus O Berry chamaemorus (Cloudberry) Dewberry, Rubus flagellaris O Northern Dewberry, Rubus hispidus O Swamp Raspberry, Red Rubus idaeus O Raspberry, Rubus O Black occidentalis Flowering Rubus odoratus O Raspberry
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 11 of 14 Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Dwarf Rubus pubescens O Raspberry Blackberry Rubus spp. O Arrowhead Sagittaria latifolia (Wapato or Duck Potato) Glasswort Salicornia spp. Elderberry, Sambucus nigra O Common/Black (aka canadensis)
Sassafras Sassafras albidum R
Saxifrage Saxifraga spp. Bulrush, Schoenoplectus R Common (Soft- tabernaemontani stemmed) Carrion Flower Smilax herbacea O Sweet Solidago odora R Goldenrod Woundwort Stachys hyssopifolia Twisted-stalk Streptopus amplexifolius Twisted Stalk Streptopus lanceolatus Basswood/Ame Tilia americana O rican Linden
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 12 of 14 Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Red Trillium erectum O Trillium/Waker obin Cattail, Typha latifolia R Common Elm, Slippery Ulmus rubra Nettle, Stinging Urtica dioica ssp. Gracilis Bellwort, Large- Uvularia flowered grandiflora Bellwort, Uvularia Perfoliate perfoliata Bellwort, Uvularia sessifolia Sessile Blueberry, Vaccinium R Lowbush angustifolium Blueberry, Vaccinium R Highbush corymbosum Cranberry, Bog Vaccinium macrocarpon Cranberry, Vaccinium Small oxycoccos Deerberry Vaccinium U stamineum Cranberry, Vaccinium vitis- Mountain idaea Squashberry Viburnum edule
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 13 of 14 Common Name Botanical Name Hedge, Low Foundatio Sunny Sunny Shady Dry, Dry, Well- Moist, Moist, Tolerant Damag screen ground n low, slope slope slope full part drained, full sun part of Black ed by or covers mass (low (tall sun shade full sun shade Walnut deer border plantings plants) plants)
Hobblebush Viburnum U (Moosewood) lantanoides (alnifolium) Nannyberry Viburnum lentago R
Wild Raisin Viburnum nudum O or cassinoides
Black Haw Viburnum R prunifolium Highbush Viburnum O Cranberry trilobum Violet, Viola sororia O Common Blue or Dooryard Fox Grape Vitis labrusca O Riverside Grape Vitis riparia O
Prickly-ash, Zanthoxylum U Common americanum Wild Rice, Zizania aquatica Southern Wild Rice, Zizania palustris Northern
Damaged by Deer: F=Frequently; O=Occasionally; R=Rarely; U=Unknown Page 14 of 14