Preliminary List of Species Native Within the Adirondack Park Listed Alphabetically by Common Name and Sorted by Habit v.1 Updated 10.23.2006

Purpose The purpose of this list is to provide an information resource to those wishing to plant or otherwise propagate plants native to the Adirondack Park. It could be used by an individual or a group developing a landscaping plan and wishing to use species native to the Park and a particular county. They could use the list as a source of native species and request nurserymen to provide plant materials from it. Although most of these species are not now available from commercial nurseries, it may be that if continued requests are made for them, the nursery industry would see fit to propagate the desired plants. Requesting and planting natives would reduce the call for non-native and potentially invasive species. It should be noted that some of these species will most likely never be sold commercially because of rarity or difficulty in propagation. The list is meant to being a living document with species added and deleted as additional information is collected and verified.

Although it may be tempting, plants should never be harvested from the wild. In fact some of these plants are legally protected, and no harvesting can occur on State lands. Refer to the New York Natural Heritage Program website (http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/dfwmr/heritage/plants.htm) for a complete treatment of New York State protected plants and federal and State laws regarding rare plants.

Source The source of this list is the New York Flora Atlas produced by the New York Flora Association and available online at http://atlas.nyflora.org . Nomenclature follows the New York Flora Atlas. The list was created by searching the digital atlas for those species native to Warren, Herkimer, Hamilton, Franklin, Essex, and Clinton counties (only those county whose land area falling totally or mainly within the Park were searched), adding those species noted by Kudish in Adirondack Upland Flora (1992) and by adding additional species the compiler knows to be present within the Park but for which voucher specimens may not exist. Note two things. First, only Hamilton and Essex counties fall totally within the boundaries of the Park, hence some of the species on this list may not actually be present in the Park but are found in that portion of a county outside the Park. More work needs to be done to determine if these species are truly present in the Park. Second, the New York Flora Atlas only includes those species where a voucher specimen is present. Some widespread species may not be noted as present in all counties because a voucher specimen has never been collected. The key to the county presence list is: E = Essex SL = St. Lawrence O = Oneida H = Hamilton W = Warren C = Clinton Wa = Washington L = Lewis F = Franklin He = Herkimer Fu = Fulton S = Saratoga

“All” indicates that the species is recorded in all counties in the Park. “Except” means that the species is found in all the counties in the Park except those listed. Two species of note: Phalaris arundinacea, reed canary grass, is a native species but undesirable to plant due to its aggressive, invasive behavior, and Ptelea trifoliata ssp. trifoliata, wafer-ash, is native to NYS outside the Park but is naturalized, and seemingly non- invasive, in Warren County. The species are further described by their habit (Tree, Tree (small), Shrub, Herb, Vine, Graminoid, Aquatic), wetland indicator status (OBL, FACW, FAC, FACU), and NYS Heritage Program rarity rank. I used my subjective experience in determining whether a species was a small tree or a large shrub, and I included the clubmosses with Herbs though not typically thought of in this way.

1

Wetland Indicator Status The wetland indicator status was assigned using the National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1988, New York (Reed 1988). There were differences in nomenclature, especially at variety or subspecies levels. These were resolved by referring to Mitchell and Tucker (1997) and the New York Flora Atlas.

Explanation of Wetland Indicator Status Categories OBL – Obligate species occur almost always (estimated probability >99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.

FACW – Facultative wetland species usually occur in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but are occasionally found in nonwetlands.

FAC – Facultative species are equally likely to occur in wetlands or nonwetlands (estimated probability 34%- 66%).

FACU – Facultative upland species usually occur in nonwetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but are occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).

The positive (+) and negative (-) signs are used to more s\pecifically define the frequency of occurrence in wetlands. The positive sign indicates that the species is more frequently found in wetlands, and the negative sign indicates that the species is less frequently found in wetlands.

Species without a wetland indicator status have either not been assessed or have been determined to be obligate upland species that occur almost always (estimated probability >99%) under natural conditions in nonwetlands.

Rarity Ranking The rarity ranking was assigned using the New York Flora Atlas which includes the New York State Natural Heritage Program (http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/dfwmr/heritage/plants.htm) rarity rankings. These rarity ranks are maintained by NatureServe (www.natureserve.org) and are used by Natural Heritage programs in every state. They are not linked to any legal penalties but provide information used for determining state and federal legal status of rare plants.

Explanation of Heritage Ranks and Codes Each taxon has a global and state rank. The global rank reflects the rarity of the species throughout the world and the state rank reflects the rarity within New York State.

GLOBAL RANK G1 = Critically imperiled throughout its range due to extreme rarity (5 or fewer sites or very few remaining individuals) or extremely vulnerable to extinction due to biological factors. G2 = Imperiled throughout its range due to rarity (6 - 20 sites or few remaining individuals) or highly vulnerable to extinction due to biological factors. G3 = Either very rare and local throughout its range (21 - 100 sites), with a restricted range (but possibly locally abundant), or vulnerable to extinction due to biological factors. G4 = Apparently secure throughout its range (but possibly rare in parts). G5 = Demonstrably secure throughout its range (but possibly rare in parts). GH = No extant sites known but it may be rediscovered. GX = Species believed extinct. 2 TU & T? = Status of the subspecies or variety unknown.

STATE RANK S1 = Critically imperiled in New York State because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer sites or very few remaining individuals) or extremely vulnerable to extirpation from New York State due to biological or human factors. S2 = Imperiled in New York State because of rarity (6 - 20 sites or few remaining individuals) or highly vulnerable to extirpation from New York State due to biological or human factors. S3 = Rare in New York State (usually 21 - 35 extant sites). S4 = Apparently secure in New York State. S5 = Demonstrably secure in New York State. SH = Historical. No existing sites known in New York State in the last 20-30 years but it may be rediscovered. SX = Apparently extirpated from New York State, very low probability of rediscovery. SR = Reported from the state, but existence has not been documented. SU = Status uncertain because of the cryptic nature of the plant.

TAXON RANK The T-ranks are defined in the same way as the Global ranks, but the T-rank only refers to the rarity of the subspecific taxon, not the rarity of the species as a whole. If a species has a subspecific name that is the same as the species name it means there is also another subspecies of that species which we do not consider rare in New York or it does not occur in New York.

DOUBLE RANKS (i.e., S1S2, S2S3, S1S3) The first rank indicates rarity based upon current documentation. The second rank indicates the probable rarity after all historical records and likely habitat have been checked. Double ranks denote species that need additional field surveys. A "Q" indicates a question exists whether or not the taxon is a good taxonomic entity. A "?" indicates that an identification question exists about known occurrences. It also indicates the rank presumably corresponds to actual occurrences even though the information has not yet been documented in heritage files or historical records. It serves to flag species that need more field studies or specimen identification.

Contact and Questions Corrections and additions will be made as discovered and the list will be updated. The list has also been alphabetized by “Common Name” and is available at the Agency’s website. All corrections to or comments and questions about this list including additional species or other information should be directed to:

Daniel M. Spada Supervisor, Natural Resource Analysis NYS Adirondack Park Agency Box 99 Ray Brook, New York 12977 518.891.4050

3 Trees and Small Trees Common Name Scientific Name Family Habit Wetland Rarity County Indicator Rank Presence Status Amelanchier, Running Amelanchier stolonifera Rosaceae Tree S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, (small) He Ash, Black Fraxinus nigra Oleaceae Tree FACW S5** Except C, O, S, Fu Ash, Green Fraxinus pennsylvanica Oleaceae Tree FACW S5G5 SL, O, L, W, E, S, Wa Ash, White Fraxinus americana Oleaceae Tree FACU S5G5 All

Aspen, Bigtooth Populus grandidentata Salicaceae Tree FACU- S5** Except Fu

Aspen, Quaking Populus tremuloides Salicaceae Tree FACU S5G5 Except Fu

Basswood, American Tilia americana var. Tiliaceae Tree FACU S5G5T5 All americana Beech, American Fagus grandifolia Fagaceae Tree FACU S5G5 All

Birch Betula x caerulea Betulaceae Tree S1?GNA H, W [cordifolia x populifolia] Birch, Gray / White / Fire Betula populifolia Betulaceae Tree FAC S5G5 Except He, Fu (small) Birch, Mountain Paper / Betula cordifolia Betulaceae Tree S3** SL, E, H, W, S Mountain White / Heartleaf Birch Birch, Paper / Canoe / White Betula papyrifera Betulaceae Tree FACU S5** Except F, Fu, O

Birch, River / Red / Heartleaf Betula nigra Betulaceae Tree FACW S3G5 W, O

Birch, Sweet / Cherry Betula lenta Betulaceae Tree FACU S5G5 E, W, S,

4 Birch, Yellow Betula alleghaniensis Betulaceae Tree FAC S5G5 Except C, Fu, S, Wa Bitternut Carya cordiformis Juglandaceae Tree FACU+ S5G5 Except F, L, He, H, Fu Buckthorn, Alderleaf Rhamnus alnifolia Rhamnaceae Tree OBL S4G5 Except F, H, S (small) Butternut / White Walnut Juglans cinerea Juglandaceae Tree FACU+ S4** Except F, He, Fu Cedar, Northern White / Arbor- Thuja occidentalis Cupressaceae Tree FACW S5G5 Except S vitae, Arborvitae Cedar, Red / Savin Juniperus virginiana var. Cupressaceae Tree FACU S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, virginiana He, L Cherry, Pin / Fire Cherry / Wild Prunus pensylvanica var. Rosaceae Tree FACU- S5** All Red Cherry / Bird Cherry pensylvanica (small) Cherry, Wild Black Prunus serotina Rosaceae Tree FACU S5G5 All

Chestnut, American Castanea dentata Fagaceae Tree/Shrub S5G4 E, W, S, Wa, Fu

Cottonwood, Eastern Populus deltoides Salicaceae Tree FAC S5G5 O, C, E, W, S, Wa Cottonwood, Swamp Populus heterophylla Salicaceae Tree FACW+ S2G5 E

Dogwood, Flowering Cornus florida Cornaceae Tree FACU- S4S5** O, E, S, W, Wa

Elm, American Ulmus americana Ulmaceae Tree FACW- S5G5? All

Elm, Rock Ulmus thomasii Ulmaceae Tree FACU+ S2S3G5 C, W, S, Wa, SL, O, He Elm, Slippery Ulmus rubra Ulmaceae Tree FAC S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, He, O, L Fir, Balsam Abies balsamea Pinaceae Tree FAC S5G5 All

5 Gum, Black, Black-gum, Nyssa sylvatica Nyssaceae Tree FAC S5G5 O, He, W, S, Blackgum, Black Tupelo, Wa Sourgum, Sour-gum, Pepperidge Gum, Sweet Liquidambar styraciflua Hamamelidaceae Tree FAC S5G5 E

Hackberry, Common Celtis occidentalis Ulmaceae Tree FACU S4G5 Except Wa, He, H, F Hawthorn Crataegus intricata Rosaceae Tree S2?G5 He, W (small) Hawthorn Crataegus macrosperma Rosaceae Tree S5G5 Except C, F, L, (small) Fu, Wa Hawthorn Crataegus pringlei Rosaceae Tree S2?G5 SL, E, Wa (small) Hawthorn Crataegus scabrida Rosaceae Tree S3?G5? E, H, He, O (small) Hawthorn Crataegus submollis Rosaceae Tree S3?G5 SL, He, C, E, (small) Wa Hawthorn Crataegus x peckietta Rosaceae Tree S1?GNA E, W, H [scabrida x succulenta] (small) Hawthorn, Biltmore Crataegus biltmoreana Rosaceae Tree S1?** He (small) Hawthorn, Blanchard Crataegus irrasa Rosaceae Tree S1?G4?Q E (small) Hawthorn, Brainerd's Crataegus brainerdii Rosaceae Tree S3?G5 SL, He, E (small) Hawthorn, Dotted Crataegus punctata Rosaceae Tree S4G5 Except C, F, (small) He, Fu, Sa Hawthorn, Fineberry Crataegus chrysocarpa Rosaceae Tree S4G5 Except C, O, S, (small) Fu Hawthorn, Fleshy Crataegus succulenta Rosaceae Tree S4G5 Except F, H, Fu, (small) L, W, S

6 Hawthorn, Scarlet Crataegus pedicellata Rosaceae Tree S4G5 SL, He, O, E (small) Hawthorn, Waxyfruit Crataegus pruinosa Rosaceae Tree S4** E, W, S (small) Hemlock, Eastern Tsuga canadensis Pinaceae Tree FACU S5G5 All

Hickory, Red Carya ovalis Juglandaceae Tree S5G5 E, W, Wa, S, He, O Hickory, Mockernut Carya alba Juglandaceae Tree S5G5 C, E, W, Wa

Hickory, Pignut / Pignut / Sweet Carya glabra Juglandaceae Tree FACU- S5** E, S, He, O Pignut Hickory, Shagbark / Shellbark Carya ovata Juglandaceae Tree FACU- S5** SL, E, W, Wa, Hickory S Holly, American Ilex opaca var. opaca Aquifoliaceae Tree FACU+ S3S4G5 E, W

Hoptree, Common / Wafer-ash Ptelea trifoliata ssp. Rutaceae Tree FAC S1S2G5 W trifoliata (small) Hornbeam, American / Blue Carpinus caroliniana ssp. Betulaceae Tree FAC S5G5T5 E, W, Wa, S, O Beech / Musclewood / Ironwood virginiana (small) Hornbeam, Hop / Hophornbeam, Ostrya virginiana Betulaceae Tree FACU- S5G5T5 Except He Ironwood (small) Magnolia, Sweet-bay Magnolia virginiana Magnoliaceae Tree FACW+ S1G5 E

Maple, Black Acer nigrum Aceraceae Tree S5G5 Except L, H, F, S Maple, Freeman / Soft Acer x freemanii [rubrum x Aceraceae Tree S2? W saccharinum] Maple, Red Acer rubrum var. rubrum Aceraceae Tree FAC S5G5T5 All

Maple, Silver Acer saccharinum Aceraceae Tree FACW S5G5 Except F, Fu, He, S, L

7 Maple, Striped / Moosewood Acer pensylvanicum Aceraceae Tree FACU S5** All (small) Maple, Sugar Acer saccharum var. Aceraceae Tree FACU- S5G5 All saccharum Mountain Ash, American Sorbus americana Rosaceae Tree FACU S5G5 Except C, Fu, S, (small) Wa Mountain Ash, Northern Sorbus decora Rosaceae Tree FAC S5G4G5 SL, H, E (small) Mulberry, Red Morus rubra Moraceae Tree FACU S5G5 W

Oak, Black Quercus velutina Fagaceae Tree S5G5 O, L, C, E, W, Wa Oak, Burr / Mossy-cup Oak Quercus macrocarpa Fagaceae Tree FAC- S4G5 SL, C, E, S, Wa

Oak, Chestnut / Mountain Quercus montana Fagaceae Tree S5** C, E, W, S, Wa Chestnut Oak, Rock Chestnut Oak Oak, Chinkapin / Chinquapin Quercus muhlenbergii Fagaceae Tree S4G5 W, Wa Oak, Yellow Chestnut Oak Oak, Dwarf Chinquapin / Scrub Quercus prinoides Fagaceae Tree S5G5 E, W, S Chestnut Oak Oak, Pin Quercus palustris Fagaceae Tree FACW S4G5 E, W

Oak, Post Quercus stellata Fagaceae Tree S4G5 E

Oak, Swamp White Quercus bicolor Fagaceae Tree FACW+ S5G5 C, E, W, S, Wa, SL, O Oak, White / Eastern White Oak Quercus alba Fagaceae Tree FACU- S5** SL, O, E, W, Wa Oak,Red / Northern Red Oak Quercus rubra Fagaceae Tree FACU- S5** Except F, He, Fu

8 Oak,Scarlet Quercus coccinea Fagaceae Tree S5G5 O, E, W, Wa

Persimmon Diospyros virginiana Ebenaceae Tree FAC- S2G5 W

Pine, Eastern White Pinus strobus Pinaceae Tree FACU S5G5 All

Pine, Jack Pinus banksiana Pinaceae Tree FACU S3G5 C, E, W, H, SL

Pine, Pitch Pinus rigida Pinaceae Tree FACU S5** Except F, H, Fu, He, L Pine, Red Pinus resinosa Pinaceae Tree FACU S5G5 Except O, He, Fu Pine, Shortleaf Pinus echinata Pinaceae Tree S1G5 E

Pine, Virginia Pinus virginiana Pinaceae Tree S1G5 W

Poplar, Balsam Populus balsamifera ssp. Salicaceae Tree FACW S4G5 Except F, He, balsamifera Fu, S Poplar, Yellow / Tulip Tree / Liriodendron tulipifera Magnoliaceae Tree FACU S5G5 E, W, Wa, O, L Tulip Poplar Prickly Ash, Northern Zanthoxylum americanum Rutaceae Tree S5G5 SL, O, W, S, (small) Wa Sassafras Sassafras albidum Lauraceae Tree FACU- S5** E, W, Wa, S, O

Serviceberry Amelanchier x intermedia Rosaceae Tree FACW S3?GNA SL, H, O, Wa [arborea x canadensis] (small) Serviceberry, Allegheny Amelanchier laevis Rosaceae Tree S4G5Q Except C, F, W, (small) Wa Serviceberry, Downy Amelanchier arborea var. Rosaceae Tree FAC- S5G5 Except C, F, W, arborea (small) Wa Serviceberry, Oblong-leaf Amelanchier canadensis Rosaceae Tree FAC S5G5 E, W, S, He, O (small)

9 Serviceberry, Pacific Amelanchier interior Rosaceae Tree S4?** C, F (small) Serviceberry, Running Amelanchier humilis Rosaceae Tree S4G5 C, He, H, W, S (small) Shadbush, Bartram Amelanchier bartramiana Rosaceae Tree FAC S4G5 Except C, W, (small) Fu Shadbush, Roundleaf Amelanchier sanguinea Rosaceae Tree S5G5 SL, F, He, Fu (small) Spruce, Black / Bog Spruce Picea mariana Pinaceae Tree FACW- S5G5 Except S, Fu

Spruce, Red Picea rubens Pinaceae Tree FACU S5G5 All

Spruce, White Picea glauca Pinaceae Tree FACU S4S5G5 Except C, O, L, Fu Sumac, Staghorn Rhus typhina Anacardiaceae Tree S5G5 O, SL, E, W, S, (small) Wa Sycamore, American Plane-tree Platanus occidentalis Platanaceae Tree FACW- S5G5 E, W, S, Wa, O

Tamarack, American Larch Larix laricina Pinaceae Tree FACW All

Walnut, Black Juglans nigra Juglandaceae Tree S5G5 SL, E, W, S, Wa Willow, Black Salix nigra Salicaceae Tree FACW+ S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, He, L

Shrubs Alder, Brookside / Smooth Alder, Alnus serrulata Betulaceae Shrub OBL S5G5 E, W, S, Wa, O

Alder, Green / Mountain Alder Alnus viridis ssp. crispa Betulaceae Shrub FAC S3G5T5 F, E, H, He, W, Wa Alder, Speckled / Tag Alder / Alnus incana ssp. rugosa Betulaceae Shrub FACW+ S5G5T5 All Swamp Alder

10 Arrow-wood, Downy Viburnum rafinesquianum Caprifoliaceae Shrub S5G5 SL, E, W, S, Wa Arrow-wood, Southern Viburnum dentatum var. Caprifoliaceae Shrub FAC S5** Except C, F, lucidum He, Fu Azalea, Early Rhododendron prinophyllum Ericaceae Shrub FAC S5G5 Except SL, F, C

Azalea, Lapland / Lapland Rhododendron lapponicum Ericaceae Shrub S1G5 E Rosebay var. lapponicum Azalea, Pink Rhododendron Ericaceae Shrub FAC S5G5 E, W periclymenoides Azalea, Swamp Rhododendron viscosum Ericaceae Shrub OBL S5G5 L, E, W, S

Bayberry, Northern / Waxberry / Myrica erbaceous ca Myricaceae Shrub FAC S4G5 E, W Tallow Bayberry / Small Waxberry / Tallowshrub / Swamp Candleberry / Candlewood / Candletree / Tallowtree Bayberry, Sweet / Sweet Gale / Myrica gale Myricaceae Shrub OBL S5G5 All Meadow-fern Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Ericaceae Shrub S5G5 Except He, S, Wa Bilberry, Dwarf Vaccinium caespitosum var. Ericaceae Shrub FACW S1G5T5 E, W caespitosum Birch, Dwarf White / Dwarf Betula minor Betulaceae Shrub S1G3G4Q E

Birch, Swamp / Bog / Dwarf Betula pumila Betulaceae Shrub OBL S2G5 SL, L, W, S

Birch, Tundra Dwarf Betula glandulosa Betulaceae Shrub OBL S1G5 F, E

Blueberry, Bog Vaccinium uliginosum Ericaceae Shrub FACU+ S3** E

Blueberry, Early Lowbush Vaccinium pallidum Ericaceae Shrub S5G5 SL, O, C, E, W, S, Wa, Fu 11 Blueberry, Lowbush / Low Sweet Vaccinium angustifolium Ericaceae Shrub FACU- S5** All Blueberry / Late Sweet Blueberry / Sweet-hurts Blueberry, Northern / High- Vaccinium boreale Ericaceae Shrub S2G4 F, C, E, H mountain Blueberry Blueberry, Swamp / Highbush Vaccinium corymbosum Ericaceae Shrub FACW- S5** Except L, F, C, blueberry H Bluestem, Big Andropogon gerardii Poaceae Shrub FAC S5G5 Except L, E

Buffaloberry, Canada Shepherdia canadensis Elaeagnaceae Shrub S4G5 H

Bunchberry, Dwarf Dogwood, Cornus canadensis Cornaceae Shrub FAC- S4S5** All Pudding Berry, Crackerberry, Dwarf Cornel Bush-honeysuckle, Northern Diervilla erbaceo Caprifoliaceae Shrub S5G5 Except F, Fu, S

Buttonbush, Common Cephalanthus occidentalis Rubiaceae Shrub OBL S5G5 Except F, C, He

Cherry, Choke Prunus virginiana Rosaceae Shrub FACU S5G5 All

Cherry, Low Sand Prunus pumila var. depressa Rosaceae Shrub S2G5T5 O, L, C, E, W, S, H Cherry, Susquehanna Prunus pumila var. Rosaceae Shrub S4G5T4 C, W, Wa, S susquehanae Chokeberry, Black Photinia melanocarpa Rosaceae Shrub FAC S5G5 All

Chokeberry, Purple Photinia floribunda Rosaceae Shrub FACW S4?G4G5 SL, He, W Q Chokeberry, Red Photinia pyrifolia Rosaceae Shrub FACW S4G5 W, S, Wa

Cranberry, Highbush Viburnum opulus var. Caprifoliaceae Shrub S4G5T5 Except H, S americanum

12 Cranberry, Large Vaccinium macrocarpon Ericaceae Shrub OBL S5G4 Except C, F

Cranberry, Small Vaccinium oxycoccos Ericaceae Shrub OBL S5G5 Except C, O, Fu

Deerberry Vaccinium stamineum Ericaceae Shrub FACU- S5** E, W, H

Dogwood, Alternate-leaf Cornus alternifolia Cornaceae Shrub S5G5 Except F, C, He, Fu Dogwood, Gray Cornus racemosa Cornaceae Shrub S5G5? SL, O, W, S, Wa Dogwood, Roundleaf Cornus rugosa Cornaceae Shrub S5G5 SL, O, L, C, E, W, S, Wa Dogwood, Silky Cornus amomum ssp. Cornaceae Shrub FACE S5G5T5 Except F, L amomum Dogwood, Silky Cornus sericea ssp. sericea Cornaceae Shrub FACW+ S5G5 Except F

Elderberry, Common Sambucus nigra ssp. Caprifoliaceae Shrub FACW- S5G5T5? Except Fu canadensis Elderberry, Red Sambucus racemosa var. Caprifoliaceae Shrub FACU S?G4T4T Except Fu racemosa 5 Fern, Sweet Comptonia erbaceou Myricaceae Shrub S5G5 Except SL, F, L, He, Fu Fetter Bush Leucothoe racemosa Ericaceae Shrub FACW S4G5 E, W

Hazelnut, American Corylus americana Betulaceae Shrub FACU- S5G5 E, W, S, Wa, Fu

Hazelnut, Beaked / Beaked Hazel Corylus cornuta ssp. Betulaceae Shrub FACU- S5G5 Except Fu cornuta Hobblebush, Alderleaf Viburnum Viburnum lantanoides Caprifoliaceae Shrub FAC S5G5 Except C

Holly, Black / Common Ilex verticillata Aquifoliaceae Shrub FACW+ S5G5 F, H, Fu Winterberry

13 Holly, Mountain Ilex erbace Aquifoliaceae Shrub S4G5 W, Fu

Holly, Mountain Nemopanthus mucronatus Aquifoliaceae Shrub OBL S5G5 Except He, Fu, S Holly, Smooth Winterberry Ilex laevigata Aquifoliaceae Shrub OBL S4G5 E, W

Honeysuckle, American Fly Lonicera canadensis Caprifoliaceae Shrub FACU S5G5 Except C, Fu

Honeysuckle, Hairy Lonicera erbace Caprifoliaceae Shrub FAC S4G4G5 Except F, O, L, Fu Honeysuckle, Mountain Fly Lonicera villosa Caprifoliaceae Shrub S3?G5 Except C, W, Wa Honeysuckle, Swamp Fly Lonicera oblongifolia Caprifoliaceae Shrub OBL S4G4 Except F, H, Fu, W, S, Wa Huckleberry, Black Gaylussacia baccata Ericaceae Shrub FACU S5G5 Except Fu, S

Huckleberry, Blue Gaylussacia frondosa Ericaceae Shrub FAC S4G5 E

Huckleberry, Velvetleaf / Sour-tp Vaccinium myrtilloides Ericaceae Shrub FAC S5** Except S, Wa Blueberry Hydrangea, Wild Hydrangea arborescens Hydrangeaceae Shrub FACU S2G5 W

Juniper, Creeping Juniperus horizontalis Cupressaceae Shrub FACU S1G5 C

Juniper, Dwarf Juniperus communis var. Cupressaceae Shrub S4G5T5 Except F, He, depressa Fu, S Laurel, Great Rhododendron maximum Ericaceae Shrub FAC S4G5 O, H, Fu, W

Laurel, Mountain Kalmia latifolia Ericaceae Shrub FACU S5** E, W, S, Wa, O

Laurel, Pale Kalmia polifolia Ericaceae Shrub OBL S4G5 Except S

14 Laurel, Sheep Kalmia angustifolia Ericaceae Shrub FAC S5G5 All

Leatherleaf Chamaedaphne calyculata Ericaceae Shrub OBL S5G5 All

Leatherwood, Eastern Dirca palustris Thymeliaceae Shrub FAC S5G4 SL, O, L, E, S, W Maleberry Lyonia ligustrina Ericaceae Shrub FACW S5G5 F, E, W, S, Wa, He Maple, Mountain Acer spicatum Aceraceae Shrub FACU- S4S5** All

Meadow Sweet, Narrow-leaved Spiraea alba var. alba Rosaceae Shrub FACW+ S4G5T5 C, SL, O, W

Meadow Sweet, Northern Spiraea alba var. latifolia Rosaceae Shrub FAC+ S5G5T5 Except C

Meadow Sweet, Northern Spiraea septentrionalis Rosaceae Shrub S1G2? E

Nannyberry Viburnum lentago Caprifoliaceae Shrub FAC S5G5 Except F, H, Fu

Ninebark, Eastern Physocarpus opulifolius Rosaceae Shrub FACW- S5G5 SL, C, W, O

Oak, Scrub / Bear Oak Quercus ilicifolia Fagaceae Shrub S5G5 O, W, S, Wa

Pepperbush, Coast Clethra alnifolia Clethraceae Shrub FAC+ E, W

Plum, American Prunus americana Rosaceae Shrub FACU- S3S4G5 E, W, S, O

Plum, Canada Prunus nigra Rosaceae Shrub S4S5G4G SL, O, E, W, 5 Wa Prairie Redroot Ceanothus erbaceous Rhamnaceae Shrub S1G5 C, E

Raisin, Northern Wild Viburnum nudum var. Caprifoliaceae Shrub FACW S5G5T5 Except S, Wa cassinoides

15 Rhodora Rhododendron canadense Ericaceae Shrub FACW S2G5 SL, L, He, E, W

Rosemary, Bog Andromeda polifolia var. Ericaceae Shrub OBL S5G5T5 Except S glaucophylla Snowberry Symphoricarpos albus var. Caprifoliaceae Shrub FACU- S4G5T5 SL, L, C, E albus Spicebush / Benzoin-bush / Lindera benzoin Lauraceae Shrub FACW- S5** O, L, E, W, Wa, Benjamin-bush S Squashberry Viburnum edule Caprifoliaceae Shrub FACW S2G5 E

Stagbush, Black-haw, Sweet-haw Viburnum prunifolium Caprifoliaceae Shrub FACU S4** Except E, W

Stagger Bush Lyonia mariana Ericaceae Shrub FAC- S4G5 E

Sumac, Fragrant Rhus aromatica Anacardiaceae Shrub S5G5 SL, E, W, S, Wa Sumac, Poison Toxicodendron vernix Anacardiaceae Shrub OBL S4G5 SL, O, W, S, Wa Sumac, Smooth Rhus glabra Anacardiaceae Shrub S5G5 E, W, Wa, S

Sumac, Winged Rhus copallinum Anacardiaceae Shrub S5G5 E, W, S, Wa, O

Tea, Bog Labrador Rhododendron Ericaceae Shrub OBL S4S5** Except C, Fu, S groenlandicum Tea, New Jersey Ceanothus americanus Rhamnaceae Shrub S5G5 Except O, L, F, H, Fu Viburnum, Mapleleaf Viburnum acerifolium Caprifoliaceae Shrub S5G5 Except F, H, S

Willow Salix x bebbii [eriocephala x Salicaceae Shrub S1?GNA E sericea] Willow, Autumn Salix serissima Salicaceae Shrub OBL S5G4 All

16 Willow, Balsam Salix pyrifolia Salicaceae Shrub FACW S2S3** SL, F, C, H, E

Willow, Bearberry Salix uva-ursi Salicaceae Shrub S2G5 E

Willow, Bebb’s Salix bebbiana Salicaceae Shrub FACW S5G5 All

Willow, Bog Salix pedicellaris Salicaceae Shrub OBL S5G5 Except SL, Wa

Willow, Common Water Justicia americana Acanthaceae Shrub OBL O, W

Willow, Hoary Salix candida Salicaceae Shrub OBL S5G5 SL, L, He, Fu, W, S, Wa Willow, Meadow Salix petiolaris Salicaceae Shrub OBL S5G5 SL, O, L, F, C, E Willow, Missouri / Missouri Salix eriocephala Salicaceae Shrub FACW S5** All River Willow / Diamond Willow / Heartleaf Willow Willow, New England Dwarf / Salix herbacea Salicaceae Shrub S1G5 E Snowbed Willow Willow, Peach-leaved Salix amygdaloides Salicaceae Shrub FACW S4G5 SL, L, C

Willow, Pussy Salix discolor Salicaceae Shrub FACW S5G5 Except Fu, Wa

Willow, Sandbar Salix interior Salicaceae Shrub S5G5 SL, O, C, E, W, S Willow, Shining / Glossy Willow Salix lucida ssp. lucida Salicaceae Shrub FACW S5** Except Fu

Willow, Silky Salix sericea Salicaceae Shrub OBL S5G5 Except F, Wa

Willow, Tall Prairie Salix humilis var. humilis Salicaceae Shrub FACW S5G5T5 Except L, He, Fu, S

17 Witch Hazel, American Hamamelis virginiana Hamamelidaceae Shrub FAC- S5G5 Except F, Fu

Yew, Canada / Ground Hemlock Taxus canadensis Taxaceae Shrub FAC S5G5 All / American Yew

Herbs Adder’s Mouth, North American Malaxis monophyllos var. Orchidaceae Herb FACW S4** E, S, W, SL, White / White Adder's Mouth brachypoda He, O Orchid Adder's Mouth, Green Malaxis unifolia Orchidaceae Herb FAC S4G5 Except C, W, S

Agrimony, Tall Hairy / Agrimonia gryposepala Rosaceae Herb FACU S5** Except F, Fu Cocklebur Agrimony, Woodland Agrimonia striata Rosaceae Herb FACU- S5G5 Except C, F, H, Fu Alexanders, Common Zizia aurea Apiaceae Herb FAC S5G5 Except C, F

Anemone, Canada Anemone canadensis Ranunculaceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except F, Fu

Anemone, Long-fruited Anemone cylindrica Ranunculaceae Herb S5G5 Except C, F, H, He, S Anemone, Rue / Wind-flower Thalictrum thalictroides Ranunculaceae Herb FACW+ S5G5 Wa

Anemone, Tall / Tall Anemone virginiana var. Ranunculaceae Herb S5G5T5 Except F, H, L Thimbleweed virginiana Anemone, Wood / Nightcaps Anemone quinquefolia var. Ranunculaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except F, Fu quinquefolia Angelica, Great Angelica atropurpurea Apiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except C, F, H, Fu, S Arbutus, Trailing Epigaea repens Ericaceae Herb S4G5 Except L, Fu

Arnica Arnica lanceolata Asteraceae Herb S1G3 E

18 Asphodel, Sticky False Triantha glutinosa Liliaceae Herb OBL S1G5 W, S

Aster, Blake's Oclemena x blakei Asteraceae Herb FACW+ SH?GNA SL, He, H, E [acuminata x nemoralis] Aster, Bog Oclemena nemoralis Asteraceae Herb FACW+ S3G5 SL, He, H, E

Aster, Boreal Symphyotrichum boreale Asteraceae Herb S2G5 Except F, H, Fu, O Aster, Bottomland Symphyotrichum ontarione Asteraceae Herb S3G5 SL, L, H

Aster, Calico / Small White Symphyotrichum Asteraceae Herb FACW- S5G5T5 Except L lateriflorum var. lateriflorum Aster, Cornel-leaf Doellingeria infirma Asteraceae Herb S4G5 F

Aster, Crookedstem / Zig-zag Symphyotrichum Asteraceae Herb OBL S5G4G5 Except C, F, W, prenanthoides S, Wa, Fu Aster, Fall Symphyotrichum Asteraceae Herb S4G3G5Q O, W lowrieanum Aster, Flaxleaf Whitetop / Ionactis linariifolius Asteraceae Herb S4G5 SL, L, C, E, W Flaxleaf Aster Aster, Hairy White Oldfield Symphyotrichum pilosum Asteraceae Herb FAC S5G5T5 SL, L, O, W, var. pilosum Wa Aster, Heart Leaf Symphyotrichum Asteraceae Herb S5G5 Except F, C, Fu cordifolium Aster, Large-leaf Eurybia macrophylla Asteraceae Herb S?G5 Except C, F

Aster, New England Symphyotrichum novae- Asteraceae Herb FACW- S5** Except C, F, L, angliae W, S Aster, New York Symphyotrichum novi-belgii Asteraceae Herb FAC S5G5T3T Except C, S, var. novi-belgii 5 Wa

19 Aster, Newfoundland Symphyotrichum novi-belgii Asteraceae Herb S?** SL, O, L, E, W var. crenifolium Aster, Purplestem Symphyotrichum puniceum Asteraceae Herb OBL S5G5T5 Except W, S, Fu var. puniceum Aster, Shore Symphyotrichum Asteraceae Herb FACW S4S5** Except SL, Fu tradescantii Aster, Smooth Blue Symphyotrichum laeve var. Asteraceae Herb S5G5T5 He, E, W, S, laeve Wa Aster, Waxy-leaved Symphyotrichum undulatum Asteraceae Herb S5G5 O, E, W, S, Wa

Aster, White Heath Symphyotrichum ericoides Asteraceae Herb FACU S5G5 Fu, W, S, Wa

Aster, White Panicle Symphyotrichum Asteraceae Herb S5G5TN Except L, Fu lanceolatum var. R lanceolatum Aster, White Wood Eurybia divaricata Asteraceae Herb S5G5 O, He, Fu, W, S, Wa Aster, White-arrow Symphyotrichum urophyllum Asteraceae Herb S5G4G5 SL, E, W, Wa, S Aster, Whorled Oclemena acuminata Asteraceae Herb S5G5 Except Fu, C

Aster, Willowleaf Symphyotrichum praealtum Asteraceae Herb FACW S5** F, O, L, Fu, S, var. praealtum Wa Avens, Largeleaf Geum macrophyllum var. Rosaceae Herb FACW S1G5 E macrophyllum Avens, Purple Geum rivale Rosaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except F, Fu

Avens, Rough Geum laciniatum Rosaceae Herb FAC+ S5G5 SL, L, C, E, Wa

Avens, White Geum canadense Rosaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except F, Fu

20 Azalea, Alpine Loiseleuria procumbens Ericaceae Herb S1G5 F, E

Baneberry Actaea x ludovici Ranunculaceae Herb S3S4GN F, E, S, O [pachypoda x rubra] A Baneberry, Red Actaea rubra Ranunculaceae Herb S5G5T5 Except H

Baneberry, White / Doll's-eyes Actaea pachypoda Ranunculaceae Herb S5G5 Except Fu, S

Beardtongue, Hairy Penstemon hirsutus Scrophulariaceae Herb S5G4 Except C, F, H, Fu, O, L Beardtongue, Pale Penstemon pallidus Scrophulariaceae Herb FACU S5G5 O, E, W, Wa, S

Beardtongue, Talus Slope Penstemon digitalis Scrophulariaceae Herb FAC S5** SL, O, E, W, Wa, S Bedstraw, Blunt-leaf Galium obtusum Rubiaceae Herb FACW+ S5G5 SL, O, W, S, Wa Bedstraw, Bog Galium labradoricum Rubiaceae Herb OBL S4G5 SL, He, O, L

Bedstraw, Boreal Galium kamtschaticum Rubiaceae Herb S1G5 E, H

Bedstraw, Catchweed Galium aparine Rubiaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except C, He, Fu, S Bedstraw, Fragrant / Sweet- Galium triflorum Rubiaceae Herb FACU S5** Except F, He, scented Fu Bedstraw, Hairy Galium pilosum Rubiaceae Herb S4G5 E, O

Bedstraw, Licorice Galium circaezans var. Rubiaceae Herb S5** E, W, Wa circaezans Bedstraw, Licorice Galium circaezans var. Rubiaceae Herb S3?G5T5 E hypomalacum Bedstraw, Marsh Galium palustre Rubiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except C, Fu

21 Bedstraw, Northern Galium boreale Rubiaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except C, F, L, He, Fu Bedstraw, Rough Galium asprellum Rubiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except C, F, He, Fu Bedstraw, Stiff Marsh Galium tinctorium Rubiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except C, Fu

Beebalm, Basil Monarda clinopodia Lamiaceae Herb S1S2G5 W

Beebalm, Wild Bergamot Monarda fistulosa var. Lamiaceae Herb S5G5 SL, O, He, E, S, fistulosa Wa Beechdrops Epifagus virginiana Orobanchaceae Herb S5G5 Except C, Fu

Beggarslice Hackelia virginiana Boraginaceae Herb S5** S, O, He, E, S, Wa Beggartick, Devil's Bidens frondosa Asteraceae Herb FACW S5** Except C, F, L, He, Fu Beggarticks, Nodding Bidens cernua Asteraceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except F, S

Beggarticks, Purple-stem Swamp Bidens connata Asteraceae Herb FACW+ S5G5 SL, F

Beggarticks, Small Bidens discoidea Asteraceae Herb FACW S4** SL, O, E, C, Wa

Bell Heather, Moss Harrimanella hypnoides Ericaceae Herb SXG5 H

Bellflower, Marsh Campanula aparinoides Campanulaceae Herb OBL S5G5 All

Bellwort, Large-flowered Uvularia grandiflora Liliaceae Herb S5G5 Except H

Bellwort, Perfoliate Uvularia perfoliata Liliaceae Herb FACU S5G5 W, Wa, S

Bellwort, Sessile-leaved / Wild- Uvularia sessilifolia Liliaceae Herb FACU- S5** All oats / Straw-lily

22 Bergamot, Purple Monarda media Lamiaceae Herb S2?G4? E, L

Bergamot, Wild Monarda fistulosa var. Lamiaceae Herb S4S5** Except C, E, F, mollis H, W Bindweed, Fringed Black Fallopia cilinodis Polygonaceae Herb S5G5 All

Bindweed, Hedge False / Wild Calystegia sepium ssp. Convolvulaceae Herb FAC- S3S4** H, S Morning Glory / Trailing Hedge americana Bindweed, Low false Calystegia spithamaea ssp. Convolvulaceae Herb S5G4G5T Except F, C, L, spithamaea 4T5 H, Wa Bishop's-cap, Naked Mitella nuda Saxifragaceae Herb FACW- S4G5 Except C, F, W, Fu Bittercress, Pennyslvania Cardamine pensylvanica Brassicaceae Herb OBL S5** Except F, C, Fu

Bittercress, Small-flower Cardamine parviflora var. Brassicaceae Herb FACU S4G5T5 E, W, Wa, S, arenicola He, O Black Snake Root Sanicula marilandica Apiaceae Herb S5G5 Except F

Black Snake Root, Clustered Sanicula odorata Apiaceae Herb S5G5 Except C, H, Fu, W, S, Wa Blackberry, Allegheny Rubus allegheniensis Rosaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except C, F, Fu

Blackberry, Arundel / Maine Rubus arundelanus Rosaceae Herb S2?** SL, E Raspberry Blackberry, Dwarf Red / Rubus pubescens var. Rosaceae Herb FACW S5** Except S Plumboy pubescens Blackberry, Pennsylvania Rubus pensilvanicus Rosaceae Herb S5G5 E, W, Wa, H, He Blackberry, Sand Rubus cuneifolius Rosaceae Herb SHG5 W

Blackberry, Setose Rubus setosus Rosaceae Herb FACW+ S4** Except C, O, S, Wa

23 Blackberry, Showy / Needle Rubus elegantulus Rosaceae Herb S4?** E Blackberry Blackberry, Smooth Rubus canadensis Rosaceae Herb S3?G5 Except C, F, L, Fu, S, Wa Blackberry, Upland Rubus pergratus Rosaceae Herb S4?** E

Bladdernut, American Staphylea trifolia Staphyleaceae Herb FAC S5G5 SL, O, L, W, Wa Bloodroot Sanguinaria canadensis Papaveraceae Herb S4G5 SL, O, L, E, W, Wa Bluecurls, Forked Trichostema dichotomum Lamiaceae Herb S5G5 C, SL, O, L, W, S, Wa Blue-eyed Grass, Narrowleaf Sisyrinchium angustifolium Iridaceae Herb FACW S5** Except C, F, H

Blue-eyed Grass, Needletip Sisyrinchium mucronatum Iridaceae Herb FAC+ S1** SL, He

Blue-eyed Grass, Strict Sisyrinchium montanum var. Iridaceae Herb FAC S5G5T4T Except Fu montanum 5 Blueflag Iris versicolor Iridaceae Herb OBL S5G5 All

Bluet, Azure Houstonia caerulea Rubiaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except C, F

Bluet, Longleaf Houstonia longifolia Rubiaceae Herb S5G4G5 C, E, H, Wa, L

Boneset, Common Eupatorium perfoliatum Asteraceae Herb FACW+ S5G5 Except F, He, Fu, S Broomrape, One-flowered Orobanche uniflora Orobanchaceae Herb FACU S4G5 Except C, F, Fu

Broomspurge, Corrugate-seed Chamaesyce glyptosperma Euphorbiaceae Herb S4G5 Except F, H

Buckbean, Bog Menyanthes trifoliata Menyanthaceae Herb OBL S4G5 Except S

24 Buckwheat, Climbing False Fallopia scandens var. Polygonaceae Herb S5G5T5 SL, O, E, W, S, scandens Wa, Fu Bugleweed, American Lycopus americanus Lamiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except F, He, Fu Bugleweed, Northern Lycopus uniflorus Lamiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except Fu

Bugleweed, Taperleaf Lycopus rubellus Lamiaceae Herb OBL S1G5 F, S

Bugleweed, Virginia Lycopus virginicus Lamiaceae Herb OBL S4G5 SL, O, W, S, Wa Bur-Cucumber, Oneseed Sicyos angulatus Cucurbitaceae Herb FACU S5** SL, O, W, S, Wa Bur-marigold, Tall Bidens vulgata Asteraceae Herb S5G5 Except F, He, Fu Burnet, Canadian / American Sanguisorba canadensis Rosaceae Herb FACW+ S5** Except C, F, Burnet SL, H, Fu Burnweed, American / Fireweed Erechtites hieraciifolia var. Asteraceae Herb FACU S5G5T5 C, F, E, W hieraciifolia Bush Clover, Round-head Lespedeza capitata Fabaceae Herb FACU- S5G5 O, W, S, Wa

Bush Clover, Wand Lespedeza intermedia Fabaceae Herb S5G5 O, W, S, Wa

Buttercup, Bristly Ranunculus hispidus var. Ranunculaceae Herb FAC S5G5T5 Except C, F, caricetorum He, Fu Buttercup, Early Ranunculus fascicularis Ranunculaceae Herb FACU S5G5 E, W

Buttercup, Hispid Ranunculus hispidus var. Ranunculaceae Herb S1G5T5 W nitidus Buttercup, Littleleaf Ranunculus abortivus Ranunculaceae Herb FACW- S2?** Except C, Fu, S

Buttercup, Pennsylvania / Bristly Ranunculus pensylvanicus Ranunculaceae Herb OBL S5** Except C, F, L, Buttercup / Bristly Crowfoot Fu

25 Cabbage, John's Hydrophyllum virginianum Hydrophyllaceae Herb FAC S5G5 Except C, E, H, Fu Cabbage, Skunk Symplocarpus foetidus Araceae Herb OBL S5G5 W, Wa, S

Calla, Wild / Water Arum Calla palustris Araceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except Fu, S

Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis Campanulaceae Herb FACW+ S4S5G5 Except C, He, Fu Carolina Grass-of-Parnassus Parnassia glauca Saxifragaceae Herb OBL S4G5 C, SL, O, He, W, S, Wa Carpenter's Square Scrophularia marilandica Scrophulariaceae Herb FACU- S4** SL, W, Wa, S

Catchfly, Sleepy Silene antirrhina Caryophyllaceae Herb S5G5 SL, O, C, E, W, S, Wa Cattail, Broad-leaf Typha latifolia Typhaceae Herb OBL S5G5 L, E, W, S, Wa, Ha Cattail, Narrow-leaved Typha angustifolia Typhaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except F, E, L, He, Fu Chickweed, Nodding Cerastium nutans var. Caryophyllaceae Herb FAC **** E, Wa, Fu nutans Cinquefoil, Marsh / Five-fingers / Comarum palustre Rosaceae Herb OBL S4G5 Except C, O, S, Purple Cinquefoil Wa Cinquefoil, Old-field Potentilla simplex Rosaceae Herb FACU- S5G5 Except C, Fu, Wa Cinquefoil, Shrubby Dasiphora floribunda Rosaceae Herb S4** Except C, F, He, Fu, S Cinquefoil, Silverweed Argentina anserina Rosaceae Herb S5** SL, O, C, E, S, Wa Cinquefoil, Tall Potentilla arguta ssp. arguta Rosaceae Herb S5** SL, O, C, E, W, Wa Cinquefoil, Three-toothed Sibbaldiopsis tridentata Rosaceae Herb S4G5 C, E, W, Wa, S, H

26 Clammy Ground-cherry Physalis heterophylla Solanaceae Herb S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, C, L Clearweed, Canada Pilea pumila Urticaceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except F, L, O, H, Fu Clearweed, Springs Pilea fontana Urticaceae Herb FACW+ S5G5 SL, C, E

Clubmoss, Alaskan Diphasiastrum sitchense Lycopodiaceae Herb S1G5 F, E

Clubmoss, Carolina Pseudolycopodiella Lycopodiaceae Herb S1G5 W caroliniana Clubmoss, Cypress / Ground-fir / Diphasiastrum x Lycopodiaceae Herb S3GNA O, SL, F, H Savinleaf Groundpine sabinifolium [sitchense x tristachyum] Clubmoss, Cypress / Zeiller's Diphasiastrum x zeilleri Lycopodiaceae Herb S2GNA E, O, L, He Running-pine / Zeiller's Ground- [complanatumsabinifolium fir / Savinleaf Groundpine [sitchense x tristachyum] Clubmoss, Deep-root / Blue Diphasiastrum tristachyum Lycopodiaceae Herb S5G5 All Ground-cedar Clubmoss, Eastern Tree / Ground Dendrolycopodium Lycopodiaceae Herb S5** Except C, L Pine obscurum Clubmoss, Fan Diphasiastrum digitatum Lycopodiaceae Herb S5G5 All

Clubmoss, Fir Huperzia selago Lycopodiaceae Herb SHG5 SL, F, E

Clubmoss, Fir Appalachian / Huperzia appressa Lycopodiaceae Herb S2G4G5 E Mountain Firmoss / Mountain Fir-clubmoss Clubmoss, Northern Bog / Marsh Lycopodiella inundata Lycopodiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 E, W, H Clubmoss Clubmoss, Pennsylvania Dendrolycopodium hickeyi Lycopodiaceae Herb S5** Except He, Fu, W Clubmoss, Shining / Shining Fir Huperzia lucidula Lycopodiaceae Herb S5G5 E, W, H, He Clubmoss / Shining Firmoss

27 Clubmoss, Staghorn / One-cone Lycopodium lagopus Lycopodiaceae Herb S4G5 E, H Gound-pine /Running Pine / Running Cedar Clubmoss, Staghorn / Running Lycopodium clavatum Lycopodiaceae Herb FAC S5G5 E, W, H Pine, Running Cedar Clubmoss, Stiff / Bristly Spinulum annotinum Lycopodiaceae Herb S5G5T5? Except Fu Clubmoss Clubmoss, Stiff / Bristly Spinulum canadense Lycopodiaceae Herb S?G5T3T Except C, W Clubmoss 5 Clubmoss, Trailing Diphasiastrum Lycopodiaceae Herb S1G5 C, E, O, L complanatum Clubmoss, Treelike Dendrolycopodium Lycopodiaceae Herb S5G5 Except Fu dendroideum Cockle-bur, Canada Xanthium strumarium var. Asteraceae Herb FAC S5G5T5 SL, E, Wa, O canadense Coffee Tinker's Weed Triosteum aurantiacum Caprifoliaceae Herb S5G5 Except C, F, H, Fu, W, S Cohosh, Blue / Squaw-root / Caulophyllum thalictroides Berberidaceae Herb S5G4G5 SL, H, L, F Papoose-root Coltsfoot, Sweet Petasites frigidus var. Asteraceae Herb S1G5T5 SL, E, W, Wa palmatus Columbine, Wild / Canadian Aquilegia canadensis Ranunculaceae Herb FAC S5G5 Except F, He, Fu Comfrey, Northern Wild Cynoglossum virginianum Boraginaceae Herb S1S2G4G C, E, W, Wa var. boreale 5T5 Coneflower, Cutleaf Rudbeckia laciniata var. Asteraceae Herb FACW S5** Except F, H, Fu, laciniata E, W, S Copperleaf, Common Acalypha rhomboidea Euphorbiaceae Herb FACU- S5G5 C, SL, O, Wa, W, S Copperleaf, Slender Acalypha gracilens Euphorbiaceae Herb S4G5 W, Wa

28 Coralroot, Autumn Corallorhiza odontorhiza Orchidaceae Herb S4G5T5 W var. odontorhiza Coralroot, Early / Northern Corallorhiza trifida Orchidaceae Herb FACW S4G5 Except Fu Coralroot Coralroot, Spotted Corallorhiza maculata var. Orchidaceae Herb FACU S4G5 Except C, H maculata Corydalis, Golden / Scrambled Corydalis aurea Fumariaceae Herb S2** C, E, Wa, S Eggs Corydalis, Pink / Rock Harlequin, Corydalis sempervirens Fumariaceae Herb S4** Except Fu, O, L Pale Corydalis, Harlequin-flower Cow Parsnip Heracleum maximum Apiaceae Herb S4G5 Except C, F, L, He, Fu Cow Wheat, American Melampyrum lineare var. Scrophulariaceae Herb FACU S5G5 C, E, F, H, Wa lineare Cow Wheat, Narrowleaf Melampyrum lineare var. Scrophulariaceae Herb S?** Except C, L, latifolium He, Fu Crane's Bill, Wild Geranium maculatum Geraniaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except L, Fu, S, C, F Cress, Purple Cardamine douglassii Brassicaceae Herb FACW+ S3G5 E, O

Crowberry, Black Empetrum nigrum ssp. Ericaceae Herb FACW S3G5T5 E hermaphroditum Crowberry, Purple Empetrum eamesii ssp. Ericaceae Herb S2G5T5 E atropurpureum Crowfoot, Eastern White Water Ranunculus longirostris Ranunculaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except L, H, Fu, S Crowfoot, Hooked Ranunculus recurvatus var. Ranunculaceae Herb FAC+ S5G5 Except F, S recurvatus Crowfoot, Yellow Water Ranunculus flabellaris Ranunculaceae Herb OBL S5G5 C, SL, L, Wa, S, W Cuckooflower Cardamine pratensis var. Brassicaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except F, E, H pratensis

29 Cucumber-Root, Indian Medeola virginiana Liliaceae Herb S5G5 All

Cudweed, Fragrant Gnaphalium obtusifolium Asteraceae Herb S5G5 SL, O, C, E, W, S, Wa Cudweed, Macoun's Pseudognaphalium Asteraceae Herb S5** Except F macounii Cudweed, Woodland Arctic Omalotheca sylvatica Asteraceae Herb S1G3G4 He

Culver's-root Veronicastrum virginicum Scrophulariaceae Herb FACU S2G4 He, S, Wa

Currant, Bristly Black Ribes lacustre Grossulariaceae Herb FACW S4G5 O, L, He, H, E

Currant, Skunk Ribes glandulosum Grossulariaceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except Fu, S, Wa Currant, Swamp Red Ribes triste Grossulariaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except F, C, Fu, S, Wa Currant, Wild Black Ribes americanum Grossulariaceae Herb FACW S5G5 SL, O, L, He, C, W, S, Wa Dandelion, Virginia Dwarf Krigia virginica Asteraceae Herb S4G5 O, W, Wa

Dewberry, Bristly Rubus hispidus Rosaceae Herb FAC S5G5 Except L, W, S

Dewberry, Northern Rubus flagellaris Rosaceae Herb S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, He, L Diapensia, Lapland Diapensia lapponica ssp. Diapensiaceae Herb S2G5 E lapponica Ditch-grass Ruppia maritima Ruppiaceae Herb FAC+ S3S4G5 C, SL

Ditch-stonecrop Penthorum sedoides Crassulaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, He Dock, Swamp / Water Dock Rumex verticillatus Polygonaceae Herb OBL S5G5 SL, O, C, E, W, Wa

30 Dock, Tall / Pale Dock Rumex altissimus Polygonaceae Herb FACW S5G5 SL, O, Fu, S, Wa, W Dock, Water / Greater Water Rumex britannica Polygonaceae Herb OBL S5G5 SL, O, L, H, W, Dock / British Dock S, Wa Dog, American Viola conspersa Violaceae Herb FACW S5** Except F, H

Dogbane, Clasping-leaf Apocynum cannabinum Apocynaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except F, Fu

Dogbane, Hybrid Apocynum x floribundum Apocynaceae Herb S4GNA O, H, W [androsaemifolium x cannabinum] Dogbane, Spreading Apocynum Apocynaceae Herb S5G5 All androsaemifolium Dragonhead, American Dracocephalum parviflorum Lamiaceae Herb FACU- S1** E

Dutchman's Breeches Dicentra cucullaria Fumariaceae Herb S5G5 Except O, He, Fu Enchanter's Nightshade Circaea x intermedia Onagraceae Herb S2?GNA O, H, Wa [alpina x lutetiana] Enchanter's Nightshade, Circaea lutetiana ssp. Onagraceae Herb FACU S5G5T5 Except F, H, Fu Intermediate canadensis Enchanter's Nightshade, Small Circaea alpina Onagraceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except He, Fu, W, S Evening-primrose, Common Oenothera biennis Onagraceae Herb FACU- S5** Except F, He, Fu Evening-primrose, Northern Oenothera parviflora Onagraceae Herb FACU- S5G4? Except SL, Fu, S Evening-primrose, Oakes' Oenothera fruticosa ssp. Onagraceae Herb FAC S4G5T5 W, Fu glauca Everlasting, Pearly Anaphalis margaritacea Asteraceae Herb S5G5 Except O, Fu, S

31 Eyebane Chamaesyce nutans Euphorbiaceae Herb S5** O, W, S, Wa

Fairy Slipper Calypso bulbosa var. Orchidaceae Herb FACW SHG5 C, SL, He, O, L americana False Dragon-head Physostegia virginiana Lamiaceae Herb FAC+ S5G5 Except L, F, H, Fu False Solomon’s-seal, Large / Maianthemum racemosum Liliaceae Herb FACU- S5G5 Except C, L, Fu, False Spikenard / Solomon’s- ssp. racemosum S plume False Solomon’s-seal, Little / Maianthemum stellatum Liliaceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except F, H, W, Starflower Solomon’s-seal / S Starflower Solomon's-plume Figwort, Hare Scrophularia lanceolata Scrophulariaceae Herb FACU+ S5G5 Except C, F, H, Wa Fireweed Chamerion angustifolium Onagraceae Herb S5** Except He, Fu, ssp. circumvagum S Fleabane, Daisy Erigeron hyssopifolius Asteraceae Herb FACW S1G5 E, H

Fleabane, Philadelphia Erigeron philadelphicus var. Asteraceae Herb FACU S5** Except F, C, Fu, philadelphicus S Fleabane, Prairie Erigeron strigosus var. Asteraceae Herb FACU+ S5** SL, L, H, Fu, S, strigosus Wa Fleabane, White-top / Easter Erigeron annuus Asteraceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except C, F, O, Daisy He, Fu Foam Flower, Heart-leaved Tiarella cordifolia Saxifragaceae Herb FAC- S5G5 All

Forget-me-not, Bay Myosotis laxa Boraginaceae Herb OBL S5** Except F, H, Fu, C, L Forget-me-not, Spring Myosotis verna Boraginaceae Herb FAC- S5** SL, W, S, Wa

Foxglove, Downy False Aureolaria virginica Scrophulariaceae Herb S5G5 W, S, SL

32 Foxglove, False Agalinis paupercula var. Scrophulariaceae Herb FACW+ S3G5T2T C, SL borealis 4 Foxglove, Slender Agalinis tenuifolia var. Scrophulariaceae Herb FAC S?** F, SL, S parviflora Foxglove, Slenderleaf False Agalinis tenuifolia var. Scrophulariaceae Herb FAC S5G5 C, SL, L, W, S tenuifolia Foxglove, Smooth Yellow False Aureolaria flava var. flava Scrophulariaceae Herb S5G5T5 W, S, Fu

Frostweed, Hoary Helianthemum bicknellii Cistaceae Herb S5** O, Fu, W

Frostweed, Longbranch Helianthemum canadense Cistaceae Herb S5** C, O, H, W, S, Wa Fumitory, Climbing Adlumia fungosa Fumariaceae Herb S4G4 C, E, W, Wa, S, SL Gentian, Closed Gentiana clausa Gentianaceae Herb FACW S4G5 O, W, S, Wa

Gentian, Fringe-top Bottle Gentiana andrewsii Gentianaceae Herb FACW S4G5? SL, C, O, Wa

Gentian, Greater Fringed Gentianopsis crinita Gentianaceae Herb OBL S4** SL, E, F, Wa

Gentian, Narrow-leaved Gentiana linearis Gentianaceae Herb OBL S3S4G4G Except C, Wa 5 Gentian, Spurred Halenia deflexa Gentianaceae Herb FAC S1G5 O, He, W

Gentian, Stiff / Agueweed / Gall- Gentianella quinquefolia Gentianaceae Herb FAC S4** E, W, S, Fu of-the-earth ssp. quinquefolia Geranium, Bicknell's / Bicknells' Geranium bicknellii Geraniaceae Herb S4** Except L, F, H Cranesbill Geranium, Carolina Geranium carolinianum var. Geraniaceae Herb S2G4T5? W sphaerospermum Geranium, Carolina / Carolina Geranium carolinianum var. Geraniaceae Herb S5** SL, He, E, W, Cranesbill / Wild Geranium carolinianum Wa

33 Geranium, Robert's / Herb-robert Geranium robertianum Geraniaceae Herb S5** Except F, Fu, S

Germander, American Teucrium canadense var. Lamiaceae Herb FACW- S4G5T5? E, C occidentale Ginger, Wild / Canada Asarum canadense Aristolochiaceae Herb S5G5 Except F, Ha, He, Fu Ginseng, American Panax quinquefolius Araliaceae Herb S3S4G3G O, He, E, W, S, 4 Wa Ginseng, Dwarf Panax trifolius Araliaceae Herb S5G5 Except C, F, Fu

Globeflower, Spreading / Trollius laxus Ranunculaceae Herb OBL S3G4 He, O American Globe-flower Goldenrod, Alpine / Cutler's Solidago leiocarpa Asteraceae Herb S2G4 E, F Goldenrod Goldenrod, Bluestem / Wreath Solidago caesia Asteraceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except C, He, H Goldenrod Goldenrod, Bog Solidago uliginosa var. Asteraceae Herb S?G4G5T Except C, Fu linoides 4T5 Goldenrod, Bog Solidago uliginosa var. Asteraceae Herb OBL S?G4G5T O, He, W, Wa uliginosa 4T5 Goldenrod, Broad-leaved Solidago flexicaulis Asteraceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except F, He, Fu, W Goldenrod, Canada Solidago altissima ssp. Asteraceae Herb FACU- S5** SL, F, E, W, altissima Wa, S, Fu Goldenrod, Canada Solidago canadensis var. Asteraceae Herb FACU S5G5T5 Except He, Fu canadensis Goldenrod, Cutleaf Solidago arguta Asteraceae Herb S5G5 Except F, L, He, W Goldenrod, Cutler's / Roundleaf Solidago patula Asteraceae Herb OBL S5G5 O, Fu, W, S, Wa Goldenrod, Downy Solidago puberula var. Asteraceae Herb FACU- S4** Except L, He, puberula Fu, S

34 Goldenrod, Early Solidago juncea Asteraceae Herb S5G5 Except F, O, L, He, Fu, S Goldenrod, Elmleaf Solidago ulmifolia Asteraceae Herb S5G5 He, Wa

Goldenrod, Field / Dyersweed Solidago nemoralis Asteraceae Herb S5G5 Except F, Fu Goldenrod Goldenrod, Flat-top Fragrant / Euthamia graminifolia Asteraceae Herb FAC S5G5 Except F Grass-leaved Goldenrod, Giant / Smooth Solidago gigantea Asteraceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except L, He, S Goldenrod Goldenrod, Hairy Solidago hispida Asteraceae Herb S4G5 SL, L, H, E, W, Wa Goldenrod, Lake Ontario Solidago simplex var. Asteraceae Herb S1G4T4? E, Wa racemosa Goldenrod, Largeleaf Solidago macrophylla Asteraceae Herb S4G5 SL, O, L, H, W, E Goldenrod, Squarrose Solidago squarrosa Asteraceae Herb S4G4? SL, H, E, W, S, Wa Goldenrod, White Solidago bicolor Asteraceae Herb S5G5 Except He

Goldenrod, Wrinkleleaf Solidago rugosa var. rugosa Asteraceae Herb FAC S5G5T5 Except C

Golden-saxifrage, American Chrysosplenium Saxifragaceae Herb OBL S4G5 Except F, C, Fu americanum Goldthread, Goldenroot, Yellow Coptis trifolia Ranunculaceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except Fu Snakeroot Gooseberry, Appalachian Ribes rotundifolium Grossulariaceae Herb S5G5 E, W, S, Wa, H

Gooseberry, Prickly Ribes cynosbati Grossulariaceae Herb S5G5 SL, O, L, C, E, W, S, Wa Gooseberry, Smooth Ribes hirtellum Grossulariaceae Herb FAC S5G5 Except F, Fu

35 Grass, Rock Whitlow Draba arabisans Brassicaceae Herb S2G4 SL, L, E, Wa

Grass, Rock Whitlow Draba glabella Brassicaceae Herb S1G4G5 C, Wa

Green Dragon Arisaema dracontium Araceae Herb FACW S4G5 He, O, Wa

Gromwell, Hairy False Onosmodium molle ssp. Boraginaceae Herb S3S4G4G He hispidissimum 5T4 Groovebur, Soft Agrimonia pubescens Rosaceae Herb S4G5 E, Fu, S, Wa

Groundnut, American Apios americana Fabaceae Herb FACW S5G5 C, SL, O, W, S, Wa, Fu Harebell, American Campanula rotundifolia Campanulaceae Herb FACU S4S5G5 Except SL, F, H

Hawkweed, Canada / Kalm's Hieracium umbellatum Asteraceae Herb S4G5 C, O, H, W, S, Hawkweed / Canadian Wa Hawkweed Hawkweed, Panicled Hieracium paniculatum Asteraceae Herb S5G5 Except C, F, L, He, Fu, S Hawkweed, Rattlesnake Hieracium venosum Asteraceae Herb S5G5 O, W, S, Wa

Hawkweed, Rough Hieracium scabrum Asteraceae Herb S5G5 Except C, Fu

Heather, Sand Hudsonia tomentosa Cistaceae Herb S5G5 E, H, F, C

Hedge-hyssop, Clammy Gratiola neglecta Scrophulariaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except F, Fu

Hedge-hyssop, Golden Gratiola aurea Scrophulariaceae Herb OBL S4G5 C, SL, H, Fu, Wa, O Hedge-nettle, Smooth Stachys tenuifolia Lamiaceae Herb FACW+ S5G5 C, SL, O, S, Wa

36 Hellebore, False American Veratrum viride Liliaceae Herb FACW+ S5G5 All

Hemp, Rough-Fruited Water Amaranthus tuberculatus Amaranthaceae Herb FACW S4G4G5 SL, E, Wa, S

Hepatica, Sharp-lobed Hepatica nobilis var. acuta Ranunculaceae Herb S5G5T5 Except F, H, He, Fu Hercules Club Aralia spinosa Araliaceae Herb FAC S4G5 E, O

Hogpeanut, American Amphicarpaea bracteata Fabaceae Herb FAC S5** C, SL, O, W, S, Wa Honewort, Canada Cryptotaenia canadensis Apiaceae Herb FAC S5G5 C, F, H, Fu, S, L Horsemint Monarda punctata var. Lamiaceae Herb S5G5T5? SL, C, E, S, Wa villicaulis Horseweed, Canadian Conyza canadensis var. Asteraceae Herb S5** Except C, F, canadensis He, Fu, W Hyssop, Purple Giant Agastache scrophulariifolia Lamiaceae Herb S4** H, Fu, W

Indian Pipe Monotropa uniflora Ericaceae Herb FACU- S5G5 Except C, F, Fu, S Indian Tobacco Lobelia inflata Campanulaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except He, Fu

Ironweed, Giant Vernonia gigantea ssp. Asteraceae Herb FAC S1G5 O, He gigantea Jack-in-the-Pulpit Arisaema triphyllum ssp. Araceae Herb FACW- S5G5T5 Except F triphyllum Jack-in-the-pulpit, Swamp Arisaema triphyllum ssp. Araceae Herb S5G5T4 Except SL, F, stewardsonii W Jacob's Ladder Polemonium vanbruntiae Polemoniaceae Herb FACW S3G3 L, He

Jewelweed, Pale Impatiens pallida Balsaminaceae Herb FACW S4G5 Except C, E, He, Fu

37 Jewelweed, Spotted / Touch-me- Impatiens capensis Balsaminaceae Herb FACW S5** Except He, Fu not, Snapweed Joe-pye Weed Eutrochium fistulosum Asteraceae Herb S5G5? O, H, W, S, Wa

Joe-pye Weed, Spotted Eutrochium maculatum var. Asteraceae Herb S5** Except F, S maculatum Joe-pye Weed, Sweetscented Eutrochium purpureum var. Asteraceae Herb S5** SL, W, S, Wa purpureum Jointweed, Coastal / Northern Polygonella articulata Polygonaceae Herb S4** Except He, Fu, Jointweed Wa, C Jumpseed Persicaria virginiana Polygonaceae Herb FAC S5** Except F, C, H,W, L Knotweed, Douglas Polygonum douglasii Polygonaceae Herb S2G5 SL, E, W, S, Wa Knotweed, Erect Polygonum erectum Polygonaceae Herb FACU SHG5 SL, O, W, S, Wa Knotweed, Leathery / Blake's Polygonum achoreum Polygonaceae Herb FACU S4G5 SL, He, C, E, W Knotweed Knotweed, Slender / Pleat-leaf Polygonum tenue Polygonaceae Herb S3G5 E, S Knotweed Knotweed, Small's / American Polygonum aviculare ssp. Polygonaceae Herb FACU S1G5 W, Wa Knotweed buxiforme Ladies' Tresses, Case's Spiranthes casei var. casei Orchidaceae Herb S3S4G4 Except SL, O, Fu, W, S, Wa Ladies' Tresses, Hooded Spiranthes romanzoffiana Orchidaceae Herb OBL S4G5 Except C, Fu, S, Wa Ladies' Tresses, Nodding Spiranthes cernua Orchidaceae Herb FACW S4** Except Fu

Ladies' Tresses, Northern Slender Spiranthes lacera var. Orchidaceae Herb FACU- S4G5T5 Except L, He lacera Ladies' Tresses, Shining / Wide- Spiranthes lucida Orchidaceae Herb FACW S5** Except F, H, Fu, leaved Ladies'-tresses S

38 Ladies' Tresses, Southern Slender Spiranthes lacera var. Orchidaceae Herb S3S4G5T W gracilis 4T5 Ladies' Tresses, Yellow Nodding Spiranthes ochroleuca Orchidaceae Herb S5G4 Except SL, F, C, L, He, Fu Lady's Slipper, Large Yellow Cypripedium parviflorum Orchidaceae Herb S3G5T5 Except F, H, Fu var. pubescens Lady's Slipper, Pink / Small Pink Cypripedium acaule Orchidaceae Herb FACU S4G5 All Lady’s-slipper, Pink Moccasin- flower, Stemless Lady’s-slipper Lady's Slipper, Ram's-head Cypripedium arietinum Orchidaceae Herb FACW+ S2G3 Except SL, F, S, W, H Lady's Slipper, Showy Cypripedium reginae Orchidaceae Herb FACW S3** Except F, H, Fu, S Lady's Slipper, Small Yellow Cypripedium parviflorum Orchidaceae Herb SHG5T3T Except L, F, H, var. parviflorum 4 Fu, S, Wa Leek, Small White, Ramp Allium tricoccum var. Liliaceae Herb FACU+ S5G5 SL, He, O, L, tricoccum Wa Lettuce, Canada Lactuca canadensis Asteraceae Herb FACU- S?G5 Except C, He, Fu Lettuce, Hairy Lactuca hirsuta Asteraceae Herb S1G5? SL, E, W, Wa

Lettuce, Tall Blue Lactuca biennis Asteraceae Herb FACU S5** Except C, He, Fu Lettuce, Wild Lactuca x morssii [biennis x Asteraceae Herb S?GNA F, E canadensis] Licorice, Torrey's Wild Galium lanceolatum Rubiaceae Herb S5G5 Except F, H, Fu

Lily, Blue Bead / Yellow Clintonia borealis Liliaceae Herb FAC S5G5 All Clintonia / Corn-lily / Clinton Lily Lily, Wood Lilium philadelphicum Liliaceae Herb FACU+ S4** O, W, Wa

39 Lily, Yellow Canada Lilium canadense ssp. Liliaceae Herb FAC+ S5G5T4? SL, O, L, W, S, canadense Wa Lily, Yellow Trout Erythronium americanum Liliaceae Herb S5G5 Except C, Fu ssp. americanum Liverleaf, Round-leaved Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa Ranunculaceae Herb S5G5 Except F, H, Fu

Lobelia, Great Blue Lobelia siphilitica Campanulaceae Herb FACW+ S5G5 SL, O, He, W, S, Wa Lobelia, Kalm's Lobelia kalmii Campanulaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except F, Fu, S

Lobelia, Pale-spiked Lobelia spicata Campanulaceae Herb FAC- S5G5 Except C, F, He, Fu Lobelia, Water Lobelia dortmanna Campanulaceae Herb OBL S4G4G5 Except C, Fu, Wa Loosestrife Lysimachia x commixta Primulaceae Herb S2?GNA O, He [terrestris x thyrsiflora] Loosestrife Lysimachia x producta Primulaceae Herb FAC S3?GNA O, E, W [quadrifolia x terrestris] Loosestrife, Fringed Lysimachia ciliata Primulaceae Herb FACW S5** Except F, Fu

Loosestrife, Hairy Swamp Decodon verticillatus Lythraceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except C, E, H, Fu Loosestrife, Lance-leaf Lysimachia hybrida Primulaceae Herb OBL S1G5 C, O, Wa

Loosestrife, Swamp Lysimachia terrestris Primulaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except H, Fu, S

Loosestrife, Water Lysimachia thyrsiflora Primulaceae Herb OBL S4G5 Except H, W, Fu Loosestrife, Whorled Lysimachia quadrifolia Primulaceae Herb FACW+ S5G5 SL, O, W, Wa

Loosestrife, Winged / Winged Lythrum alatum var. alatum Lythraceae Herb FACW+ S5** SL, C, W, S, Lythrum Wa

40 Lopseed Phryma leptostachya Verbenaceae Herb S5G5 Except L, He, H, Fu Lousewort, Canadian Pedicularis canadensis ssp. Scrophulariaceae Herb FACU S5** SL, O, E, W, canadensis Wa, S Lupine, Sundial Lupinus perennis ssp. Fabaceae Herb S3G5 C, O, W, S, Wa perennis Marigold, Marsh Caltha palustris Ranunculaceae Herb OBL S5G5 All

Marsh Seedbox Ludwigia palustris Onagraceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except C, W, F, H, Fu May-apple, Indian-apple, Wild- Podophyllum peltatum Berberidaceae Herb FACU S5** Except C, F, mandrake He, Fu Mayflower, Canada / Canadian Maianthemum canadense Liliaceae Herb FAC- S5G5 All May-lily / Wild Lily-of-the- valley / False Lily-of-the-valley / Two-leaved Solomon’s-seal Meado Rue, Veined / Veiny Thalictrum venulosum var. Ranunculaceae Herb S1G5 C, E Meadow-rue confine Meadow Rue Skunk / Wax- Thalictrum revolutum Ranunculaceae Herb S5G5 C, O, He, Wa leaved Meadow-rue / PurplePurple Meadow-rue Meadow Rue, Early / Thalictrum dioicum Ranunculaceae Herb FAC S5** Except F, H, W, Quicksilver-weed Fu Meadow Rue, Tall / Late Thalictrum pubescens Ranunculaceae Herb FAC S5G5 Except C Meadow-rue / Meadow-weed / Muskrat-weed / King-of-the- meadow Milkweed, Butterfly Asclepias tuberosa ssp. Asclepiadaceae Herb S4G5?T5 O, He, W, S, interior ? Wa Milkweed, Clasping Asclepias amplexicaulis Asclepiadaceae Herb S4G5 C, W, S

Milkweed, Kansas Asclepias syriaca Asclepiadaceae Herb S5G5 Except F, He, Fu

41 Milkweed, Poke Asclepias exaltata Asclepiadaceae Herb FACU S4G5 E, W, O

Milkweed, Swamp Asclepias incarnata ssp. Asclepiadaceae Herb OBL S5G5T5 Except H, Fu incarnata Milkweed, Whorled Asclepias quadrifolia Asclepiadaceae Herb S5G5 C, E, W, S, Wa

Milkwort, Field Polygala sanguinea Polygalaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except L, Fu, F, E, C Milkwort, Gay-wing Polygala paucifolia Polygalaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except F, C, He, Fu Milkwort, Racemed Polygala polygama Polygalaceae Herb S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, C Milkwort, Whorled Polygala verticillata var. Polygalaceae Herb S5G5T5? SL, He, O, W, verticillata S, Wa Mint, Canadian Mentha canadensis Lamiaceae Herb S5G5 Except S

Mint, Slender Mountain Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Lamiaceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except F, H, C, E, Fu Mistletoe, Dwarf Arceuthobium pusillum Viscaceae Herb Except SL, F, O, Fu, Wa Miterwort, Twoleaf / Coolwort Mitella diphylla Saxifragaceae Herb FACU S5** Except C, F, W, S, Fu Monkeyflower, Sharp-wing Mimulus alatus Scrophulariaceae Herb OBL S3G5 W

Monkeyflower, Square-stem Mimulus ringens Scrophulariaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except C, Fu

Mountain Mint, Virginia Pycnanthemum virginianum Lamiaceae Herb FAC S4G5 C, He, O, W, Wa Mustard, Northern Tansy Descurainia pinnata ssp. Brassicaceae Herb S1** C, E brachycarpa Neckweed Veronica peregrina ssp. Scrophulariaceae Herb FACU- S5G5T5 SL, L, W, S peregrina

42 Neckweed Veronica peregrina ssp. Scrophulariaceae Herb S3G5T5 C, SL xalapensis Nettle, False Boehmeria cylindrica Urticaceae Herb FACW+ S5G5 Except F, E, Fu

Nettle, Stinging Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis Urticaceae Herb FACU S5G5T5 Except C, F, H, He, Fu Nettle, Wood Laportea canadensis Urticaceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except He, Fu

Nightshade, Black Solanum ptychanthum Solanaceae Herb S5G5 O, W, S, Wa

Onion, Wild / Wild Garlic Allium canadense var. Liliaceae Herb FACU S5** SL, O, W, Wa candense Orchid, Greater Round-leaved Platanthera macrophylla Orchidaceae Herb S4?** Except C, F, Wa Orchid, Hooker's Platanthera hookeri Orchidaceae Herb FAC S1G4 Except L, F, H

Orchid, Huron Green Platanthera huronensis Orchidaceae Herb S4** H, E

Orchid, Large Roundleaf Platanthera orbiculata Orchidaceae Herb FAC S4?G5 All

Orchid, Lesser Purple Fringed Platanthera psycodes Orchidaceae Herb FACW S4** Except F, C

Orchid, Northern Green Platanthera aquilonis Orchidaceae Herb S4** Except S

Orchid, Pale Green Platanthera flava var. Orchidaceae Herb FACW S4G4T4Q Except C, F, L, herbiola He Orchid, Small Green Woodland Platanthera clavellata Orchidaceae Herb S4G5 Except C

Orchid, Small Northern Bog Platanthera obtusata Orchidaceae Herb FACW S4G5 Except SL, O, S, Wa Orchid, White Bog / Bog-candle Platanthera dilatata var. Orchidaceae Herb FACW S4** Except F, H, C, dilatata S, Wa

43 Orchis, Green-fringe Platanthera lacera Orchidaceae Herb FACW S4G5 Except SL, F, C, E, He Orchis, Large Purple-fringe Platanthera grandiflora Orchidaceae Herb FACW S4G5 Except SL, F, C, Wa, S Orchis, Long-bract Green Coeloglossum viride Orchidaceae Herb FACU S4G5 Except SL, F, C, Fu, L Orchis, Round-leaved Amerorchis rotundifolia Orchidaceae Herb OBL SXG5 He, O, L

Orchis, Showy Galearis spectabilis Orchidaceae Herb S4G5 Except F, H, Fu, S Orchis, White-fringe Platanthera blephariglottis Orchidaceae Herb OBL S4G4G5 Except C, Fu, S, var. blephariglottis Wa Oxeye Heliopsis helianthoides var. Asteraceae Herb S5G5 O, He, E, W, S, helianthoides Wa Oxeye, Smooth Heliopsis helianthoides var. Asteraceae Herb S5** SL, E, S, O scabra Parasol Whitetop Doellingeria umbellata var. Asteraceae Herb S5G5T5 Except C, S, Fu umbellata Parsley, Hemlock Conioselinum chinense Apiaceae Herb FACW S4G5 H, Wa

Partridgeberry Mitchella repens Rubiaceae Herb FACU S5** Except C, F, He, Fu Peavine, Pale Vetchling Lathyrus ochroleucus Fabaceae Herb S3G4G5 SL, C, S

Peavine, Vetchling Lathyrus palustris Fabaceae Herb FACW+ S4G5 C, E, SL, O

Pellitory, Pennsylvania Parietaria pensylvanica Urticaceae Herb FACU- S5** E, SL, O, W, S

Pennyroyal, American Hedeoma pulegioides Lamiaceae Herb S5G5 SL, O, E, W, S, Wa Pennyroyal, Rough False Hedeoma hispida Lamiaceae Herb S2S3G5 C, F, SL, W, Wa, He

44 Pennywort, Water American Hydrocotyle americana Apiaceae Herb OBL S5 Except C, F, He, Fu Peppergrass, Wild / Poor-man's Lepidium virginicum var. Brassicaceae Herb FACU- S5** SL, F Pepper virginicum Phlox, Moss Phlox subulata ssp. subulata Polemoniaceae Herb S4** O, He, F, E, W

Phlox, Spotted Phlox maculata ssp. Polemoniaceae Herb FACW S1G5 L, H, E, S maculata Phlox, Wild Blue Phlox divaricata ssp. Polemoniaceae Herb FACU S4** SL, O, L, W, S divaricata Pimpernel, Yellow Taenidia integerrima Apiaceae Herb S5G5 W, S

Pimpernel, Yellowseed False Lindernia dubia var. dubia Scrophulariaceae Herb OBL S5** Except C, F, L, He, Fu Pinedrops, Giant Pterospora andromedea Ericaceae Herb S1G5 C, E, W, Wa, O, He Pinesap, American Monotropa hypopithys Ericaceae Herb S4G5 Except C

Pinweed, Hairy Lechea mucronata Cistaceae Herb S5G5 W, Wa

Pinweed, Largepod Lechea intermedia var. Cistaceae Herb S5** SL, H, W, S, intermedia Wa Pinweed, Narrowleaf Lechea intermedia var. Cistaceae Herb S5G5 SL, F, C, H laurentiana Pitcher Plant, Side-saddle Plant Sarracenia purpurea Sarraceniaceae Herb OBL S3S4** Except O

Plaintain, Rattlesnake Dwarf / Goodyera repens Orchidaceae Herb FACU+ S4S5G5 Except O, L, S, Lesser Rattlesnake-plantain Wa Plantain, Black-seed Plantago rugelii Plantaginaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except F, He, Fu Plantain, Rattlesnake Downy Goodyera pubescens Orchidaceae Herb FACU- S4S5G5 Except L, F, C

45 Plantain, Robin's Erigeron pulchellus var. Asteraceae Herb FACU S5** O, L, Fu, W, S, pulchellus Wa Pogonia, Large Whorled Isotria verticillata Orchidaceae Herb FACU S3S4G5 O, W, S

Pogonia, Nodding Triphora trianthophora ssp. Orchidaceae Herb S2** O, W, S, Wa trianthophora Pogonia, Rose Pogonia ophioglossoides Orchidaceae Herb OBL S4G5 Except C

Pokeweed, Common / Pokeweed Phytolacca americana var. Phytolaccaceae Herb FACU+ S5G5 SL, O, Fu, W, / Poke / Pokeberry americana S, Wa Pussytoes, Canadian Antennaria howellii ssp. Asteraceae Herb S?** All canadensis Pussytoes, Field Antennaria neglecta Asteraceae Herb S5G5 Except F, W

Pussytoes, Howell's Antennaria howellii ssp. Asteraceae Herb S?** Except C, S, Fu neodioica Pussytoes, Parlin's / Lady's Antennaria parlinii ssp. Asteraceae Herb S?** Except C, F, S Tobacco fallax Pussytoes, Parlin's / Lady's Antennaria parlinii ssp. Asteraceae Herb S?** C, E, O, L Tobacco parlinii Pussytoes, Plantain-leaf / Antennaria plantaginifolia Asteraceae Herb S5G5 SL, E, Wa Women's Tabacco Puttyroot Aplectrum hyemale Orchidaceae Herb FAC S1G5 O, E, W

Ragweed, Annual Ambrosia artemisiifolia Asteraceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, W Ragwort, Golden Packera aurea Asteraceae Herb FAC S5G5 Except C, F, Fu

Ragwort, Groundsel Packer aurea x Asteraceae Herb S?GNA E schweinitziana Ragwort, Roundleaf Packera obovata Asteraceae Herb S5** L, He, S, Wa

46 Ragwort, Schweinitz's Packera schweinitziana Asteraceae Herb S4G5? Except C, O, L, Fu, S Raspberry, American Red Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus Rosaceae Herb FAC S5G5T5 Except Wa, S, Fu Raspberry, Black Rubus occidentalis Rosaceae Herb S5G5 Except C, F, H, Fu, He Raspberry, Purple Flowering Rubus odoratus Rosaceae Herb S5G5 Except Fu, S

Raspberry, Purple Wild Rubus neglectus Rosaceae Herb S2?** W

Rattlesnake Plantain, Checkered Goodyera tesselata Orchidaceae Herb FACU- S4** All

Rattlesnake-root, Boott's Prenanthes boottii Asteraceae Herb S1G2 E

Rattlesnake-root, Dwarf Prenanthes nana Asteraceae Herb S1G5 E

Rattlesnake-root, Tall Prenanthes altissima Asteraceae Herb FACU- S5G5? Except C, He, Fu Rattlesnake-root, Three-leaved Prenanthes trifoliolata Asteraceae Herb S5G5 Except F, H, He, L Rattlesnake-root, White Prenanthes alba Asteraceae Herb FACU S5** SL, He, W, S, Wa Robin Runaway, False-violet, Dalibarda repens Rosaceae Herb FAC S4** Except C, He, Dewdrop Wa Rockcress Boechera stricta Brassicaceae Herb S2** SL, F, W, S, Wa

Rockcress, Hairy / Creamflower Arabis hirsuta var. Brassicaceae Herb FACU S5?** Except F, H, Fu, pycnocarpa He, S, Wa Rockcress, Lyre-leaved / Lyrate Arabidopsis lyrata ssp. Brassicaceae Herb S5G5 SL, He, W, Wa lyrata Rockcress, Missouri Boechera missouriensis Brassicaceae Herb S2G5?Q E, W, Wa, S

47 Rockcress, Smooth Boechera laevigata Brassicaceae Herb S5G5 SL, E, W, Wa, S Rockcress, Spreadingpod Boechera x divaricarpa Brassicaceae Herb S2G5 SL, C, E, S [drummondii x holboellii] Rockcress, Tower Turritis glabra Brassicaceae Herb S5** Except F, O, He, S Rose Rosa x housei [acicularis x Rosaceae Herb SH?GNA W blanda] Rose, Carolina Rosa carolina var. carolina Rosaceae Herb S?G5T5 SL, O, E, W, S, Wa Rose, Prickly Rosa acicularis ssp. sayi Rosaceae Herb FACU S1G5T5 E, W, Wa

Rose, Smooth / Meadow Rose Rosa blanda var. blanda Rosaceae Herb FACU S5** Except F, Fu

Rose, Swamp Rosa palustris Rosaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except C, S

Rose, Virginia Rosa virginiana Rosaceae Herb FAC S4G5 E, W, Wa

Rose, Wild Rosa arkansana var. suffulta Rosaceae Herb S1?G5T5 E, W

Sagewort, Field / Field Artemisia campestris ssp. Asteraceae Herb S4?** C, W Wormwood caudata Saltbush, Halberd-leaf / Spear Atriplex patula Chenopodiaceae Herb FACW S5G5 SL, O, W, S, Wa Sandwort, Grove / Blunt-leaf Moehringia lateriflora Caryophyllaceae Herb FAC S5G5 SL, O, L, W, S Sandwort Sandwort, Mountain / Greenland Minuartia groenlandica Caryophyllaceae Herb S3G5 E, H Stitchwort Sanicle, Large-fruited Sanicula trifoliata Apiaceae Herb S5G4 SL, He, O, W, Wa Sanicle, Short-styled Sanicula canadensis Apiaceae Herb S5G5 SL, W, S, Wa

48 Sarsaparilla, Bristly Aralia hispida Araliaceae Herb S4** Except S

Sarsaparilla, Wild Aralia nudicaulis Araliaceae Herb FACU S5** Except C, Fu, S

Saxifrage, Swamp Saxifraga pensylvanica Saxifragaceae Herb OBL S4S5G5 O, L, He, Fu, W, S, Wa Saxifrage, Virginia Saxifraga virginiensis Saxifragaceae Herb FAC- S5G5 Except C, F, Fu, S Saxifrage, White Mountain Saxifraga paniculata ssp. Saxifragaceae Herb S1G5 E neogaea Scheuchzeria, American Scheuchzeria palustris Scheuchzeriaceae Herb OBL S3G5T5 Except C, O, L, W, Fu, Wa Screwstem, Yellow / Bartonia Bartonia virginica Gentianaceae Herb FACW C, O, W, Wa

Senna, Wild Senna hebecarpa Fabaceae Herb S4G5 O, He, W, S, Wa Shinleaf Pyrola elliptica Ericaceae Herb S5G5 Except Fu

Shoregrass, American Littorella uniflora Plantaginaceae Herb OBL S1G5 C, H

Skullcap Scutellaria x churchilliana Lamiaceae Herb SH?GNA C [galericulata x lateriflora] Skullcap, Hooded Scutellaria galericulata Lamiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except He, Fu

Skullcap, Mad-dog Scutellaria lateriflora Lamiaceae Herb FACW+ S5G5 Except He, Fu

Smartweed, Carey's Persicaria careyi Polygonaceae Herb FACW S2** C, Fu, W

Smartweed, Dotted Persicaria punctata Polygonaceae Herb OBL S5** Except L, F

Smartweed, Pennsylvania Persicaria pensylvanica Polygonaceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except F, Fu

49 Smartweed, Spotted Lady's- Persicaria maculosa Polygonaceae Herb S5** Except C, F, Fu, thumb, Redshank, Heart's-ease S Smartweed, Swamp Persicaria hydropiperoides Polygonaceae Herb OBL S5** Except F, E, W var. hydropiperoides Smartweed, Water / Longroot Persicaria amphibia Polygonaceae Herb FACW S5G5T5 All Smartweed Snakeroot, Seneca Polygala senega Polygalaceae Herb FACU S5G4G5 F, C, S, Wa

Snakeroot, White Ageratina altissima var. Asteraceae Herb FACU- S5G5T5 E, W, Wa, S, altissima Fu, H, He, O, SL Sneezeweed, Common Helenium autumnale var. Asteraceae Herb FACW+ S5G5 Except F, C, L, autumnale He, Fu Snowberry, Creeping Gaultheria hispidula Ericaceae Herb FACW S5G5 All

Solomon's Plume, Three-leaf Maianthemum trifolium Liliaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except S, Wa

Solomon's-seal, Common / Giant Polygonatum biflorum Liliaceae Herb FACU S5G5 O, W, S, Wa Solomon’s Seal Solomon's-seal, Downy / Hairy Polygonatum pubescens Liliaceae Herb S5G5 Except F, He, Solomon’s Seal Fu Spearwort, Greater Creeping Ranunculus flammula var. Ranunculaceae Herb FACW S5G5T5 Except F, L, Wa reptans Spearwort, Water-plantain Ranunculus ambigens Ranunculaceae Herb OBL S4S5G4 C, W, O

Speedwell, American Veronica americana Scrophulariaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except C, F, Fu

Speedwell, Marsh Veronica catenata Scrophulariaceae Herb OBL **** He, Wa

Speedwell, Marsh Veronica scutellata Scrophulariaceae Herb OBL S5G5 He, Fu

50 Speedwell, Water Veronica anagallis-aquatica Scrophulariaceae Herb OBL S5** W, Wa

Spikemoss, Creeping Selaginella apoda Selaginellaceae Herb FACW S2?** SL, O, He, Fu, Sa, Wa Spikemoss, Rock / Northern Selaginella rupestris Selaginellaceae Herb S4** SL, He, Fu, Wa, Selaginella W, E, C Spikenard, American Aralia racemosa ssp. Araliaceae Herb S5** Except F, H, racemosa He, S Spiraea, Hardhack Spiraea tomentosa var. Rosaceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except He tomentosa Spring Blue-eyed Mary Collinsia verna Scrophulariaceae Herb FAC SHG5 He, O

Springbeauty, Carolina Claytonia caroliniana Portulacaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except C, L, He, Fu Springbeauty, Virginia / Eastern Claytonia virginica var. Portulacaceae Herb FACU S5** SL, O, E, S, Wa Spring Beauty virginica Spurge, Flowering Euphorbia corollata Euphorbiaceae Herb S5G5 L, E, W, S, Wa, H Spurge, Spotted Chamaesyce maculata Euphorbiaceae Herb S5G5? Except C, E, H, Fu, L Squaw-root Conopholis americana Orobanchaceae Herb S4G5 He, E, W, S

Squirrel-corn, Turkey-corn Dicentra canadensis Fumariaceae Herb S5G5 Except F, He, Fu, W St. John's Wort, Canadian Hypericum canadense Clusiaceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except F, L, Wa

St. John's Wort, Common Hypericum punctatum Clusiaceae Herb FAC- S5G5 Except F, He, W St. John's Wort, Dwarf Hypericum mutilum Clusiaceae Herb FACW S5** Except C, He, Fu St. John's Wort, Great Hypericum ascyron Clusiaceae Herb S3G4 SL, He, O, W, Wa

51 St. John's Wort, Larger Canadian Hypericum majus Clusiaceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except F, C, L, Fu St. John's Wort, Marsh Triadenum virginicum Clusiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except C, Fu

St. John's Wort, Marsh Triadenum fraseri Clusiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except F, He, Fu St. John's Wort, Northern Hypericum boreale Clusiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except C

St. John's Wort, Pale Hypericum ellipticum Clusiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except He, H

St. John's Wort, Shrubby Hypericum prolificum Clusiaceae Herb FACU S2G5 W, S

Starflower, Northern Trientalis borealis Primulaceae Herb FAC S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, W, S Stargrass, Eastern Yellow Hypoxis hirsuta Liliaceae Herb FAC S5G5 He

Stickseed, American Hackelia deflexa var. Boraginaceae Herb S1** C americana Stitchwort, Longleaf / Long- Stellaria longifolia Caryophyllaceae Herb S5G5 Except F, H, C, leaved Starwort Wa Stitchwort, Michaux's Minuartia michauxii var. Caryophyllaceae Herb S4** C, E, L, S michauxii Stitchwort, Northern / Boreal Stellaria borealis ssp. Caryophyllaceae Herb S5G5 Except C, F, Fu, Starwort borealis S Strawberry, Barren Waldsteinia fragarioides Rosaceae Herb S5G5 Except C, Fu

Strawberry, Virginia Fragaria virginiana Rosaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except C, Fu

Strawberry, Woodland Fragaria vesca ssp. Rosaceae Herb S5G5T5 All americana Sundew, Roundleaf Drosera rotundifolia var. Droseraceae Herb OBL S4G5 Except C, W rotundifolia

52 Sundew, Spoon-leaved Drosera intermedia Droseraceae Herb OBL S4G5 Except C, Wa, L Sundrops, Shrubby Oenothera oakesiana Onagraceae Herb S2G4G5Q E, S, Wa

Sundrops, Small Oenothera perennis Onagraceae Herb FAC- S5G5 Except C, F

Sunflower, Pale-leaf Helianthus strumosus Asteraceae Herb S5G5 O, He, W, S

Sunflower, Thin-leaved Helianthus decapetalus Asteraceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except L, C, F, H, Fu Sunflower, Woodland Helianthus divaricatus Asteraceae Herb S5G5 O, E, W, S, Wa

Sunflower,Tall Helianthus giganteus Asteraceae Herb FACW S4G5 SL, O, E

Swamp-pink Arethusa bulbosa Orchidaceae Herb OBL S2G4 L, E, W, S, Wa

Sweetflag Acorus americanus Araceae Herb S5G5 Except C, F, H, Fu, S Sweetflag Acorus calamus Araceae Herb OBL SEG4? C

Sweetroot, Clayton's Osmorhiza claytonii Apiaceae Herb FACU- S5** Except F

Sweetroot, Longstyle Osmorhiza longistylis Apiaceae Herb FACU S5** SL, He, W, S

Tea, Oswego Monarda didyma Lamiaceae Herb FAC+ S5G5 E, W, He, O, L

Teaberry Gaultheria procumbens Ericaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except Fu

Tearthumb, Arrow-leaf / Arrow- Persicaria sagittata Polygonaceae Herb OBL S5** Except F vine / Scratch-grass Tearthumb, Halberd-leaf Persicaria arifolia Polygonaceae Herb OBL S5** SL, O, L, W, S, Wa

53 Tephrosia, Virginia Tephrosia virginiana Fabaceae Herb S4S5** He, S, Wa

Thimbleweed, Tall Anemone virginiana var. Ranunculaceae Herb S4?** E, W alba Thistle, Pasture Cirsium pumilum Asteraceae Herb S5G4G5 O, H, Fu, W, S, Wa Thistle, Swamp Cirsium muticum Asteraceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except C, Fu, S

Thistle, Tall Cirsium altissimum Asteraceae Herb SXG5 E

Thoroughwort, Hollow Eutrochium dubium Asteraceae Herb S3?G5 C

Three-seeded Mercury Acalypha virginica Euphorbiaceae Herb FACU- S1G5T5 Except F, E, H, L, Fu Tick-trefoil, Bare-stemmed Desmodium nudiflorum Fabaceae Herb S5G5 O, Fu, W, S, Wa Tick-trefoil, Large Desmodium glutinosum Fabaceae Herb S5G5 SL, O, L, W, Wa Tick-trefoil, Narrow-leaf Desmodium paniculatum Fabaceae Herb S5G5 C, O, W, S, Wa

Tick-trefoil, Nuttall's Desmodium nuttallii Fabaceae Herb SH** He

Tick-trefoil, Prostrate Desmodium rotundifolium Fabaceae Herb S4G5 O, W, Wa

Tick-trefoil, Showy Desmodium canadense Fabaceae Herb FAC S5G5 Except F, L, Fu

Toadflax, Bastard Comandra umbellata ssp. Santalaceae Herb FACU- S5** C, E, W, S, Wa umbellata Toadflax, Canada / Old-field Nuttallanthus canadensis Scrophulariaceae Herb S4** F, S, O Toadflax Toadflax, False Geocaulon lividum Santalaceae Herb FAC S1** E

54 Toothwort, Two-leaf Cardamine diphylla Brassicaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except C, He, Fu Trillium, Large-flower / White Trillium grandiflorum Liliaceae Herb S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, Trillium / Great White Trillium / W, S White Wake-robin Trillium, Nodding Trillium cernuum Liliaceae Herb FACW S4G5 SL, O, Fu, W, S, Wa Trillium, Painted / Painted Lady Trillium undulatum Liliaceae Herb FACU S5** All

Trillium, Red / Wake Robin / Trillium erectum Liliaceae Herb FACU- S5G5 All Stinking Benjamin / Stinking Willie / Birthwort / Ill-scent Trillium Tuberous Grass-pink Calopogon tuberosus Orchidaceae Herb FACW+ S4G5 Except C, Fu

Turtlehead, White Chelone glabra Scrophulariaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except Fu

Twayblade, Auricled Listera auriculata Orchidaceae Herb FACW S1** L, W

Twayblade, Broad-leaved Listera convallarioides Orchidaceae Herb FACW SHG5 L, He, E

Twayblade, Heartleaf / Heart- Listera cordata var. cordata Orchidaceae Herb FACW+ S3S4** Except SL, F, leaved Twayblade C, O, Fu, S, Wa Twayblade, Loesel's / Fen Orchid Liparis loeselii Orchidaceae Herb FACW S4G5 Except F

Twinflower Linnaea borealis ssp. Caprifoliaceae Herb FAC S4G5T5 All americana Twisted-stalk, Rosy / Rose Streptopus lanceolatus Liliaceae Herb S5G5T5? Except C, F, Mandarin He, Fu, S Twisted-stalk, White / White Streptopus amplexifolius Liliaceae Herb FAC+ S4G5T5 Except C, W, S, Mandarin, Liverberry Wa, Fu Valerian, Marsh Valeriana uliginosa Valerianaceae Herb S1S2G4Q O, L, He, Wa

55 Venus' Looking-Glass, Clasping Triodanis perfoliata var. Campanulaceae Herb FAC S5G5T5 O, E, W, S, Wa perfoliata Verain, White Verbena urticifolia var. Verbenaceae Herb FACU S4G5T5 SL, O, W, S, urticifolia Wa Verbena, Swamp / Blue Vervain / Verbena hastata var. hastata Verbenaceae Herb FACW+ S5** Except SL, F, Simpler's-joy H, Fu Vervain, Narrow-leaved Verbena simplex Verbenaceae Herb S4G5 W, S, Wa

Vetch, Bird Vicia cracca ssp. cracca Fabaceae Herb S5GNRT Except F, Fu NR Violet, Alpine Viola labradorica Violaceae Herb FAC S3S5** E, He, O

Violet, Arrow-leaved Viola sagittata var. ovata Violaceae Herb FACW S4G5 Except O, L, W, S, Wa Violet, Bog White / Lance-leaf Viola lanceolata ssp. Violaceae Herb OBL S4G5 Except C, F, lanceolata He, L Violet, Common Viola sororia Violaceae Herb FAC- S5** All

Violet, Downy Yellow Viola pubescens var. Violaceae Herb S?** Except Fu scabriuscula Violet, Downy Yellow Viola pubescens var. Violaceae Herb FACU- S5** Except F, He, pubescens Fu Violet, Great-spurred Viola selkirkii Violaceae Herb S5G5? Except C, F, W, S, Wa, Fu Violet, Kidney-leaf White Viola renifolia Violaceae Herb FACW S5G5 Except F, O, Fu, S Violet, Long-spurspur Viola rostrata Violaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except C, F, He, H, Fu Violet, Marsh Blue Viola cucullata Violaceae Herb FACW+ S5G4G5 SL, L, H

Violet, New England Viola novae-angliae Violaceae Herb OBL S1G4Q W

56 Violet, Northern Blue Viola septentrionalis Violaceae Herb FACU S5G5 Except F, L

Violet, Northern Bog Viola nephrophylla Violaceae Herb FACW S1** Except C, F, W, O, Fu, S Violet, Roundleaf Viola rotundifolia Violaceae Herb FAC+ S5G5 Except C, F, L, W, S, H Violet, Sand Viola adunca var. adunca Violaceae Herb FAC S4G5 Except F, H, He

Violet, Sand Viola affinis Violaceae Herb FACW S5** C, SL, He, O, W, S, Wa Violet, Smooth White Viola macloskeyi ssp. Violaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except F pallens Violet, Sweet White Viola blanda var. Violaceae Herb FACW S?** Except SL, W, palustriformis S, Wa Violet,Canada Viola canadensis var. Violaceae Herb S5G5 Except C, Fu, S candensis Water Hemlock, Bulb-bearing Cicuta bulbifera Apiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except L, He, Fu Water Hemlock, Spotted / Poison Cicuta maculata var. Apiaceae Herb OBL S5** C, SL, O, W, Hemlock / Beaver-poison / maculata Wa Musquash-root / Spotted Cowbane Water Marigold, Beck's Bidens beckii Asteraceae Herb S3G4G5 SL, O, He, W, S, Wa Water Parsnip, Hemlock Sium suave Apiaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except E, Fu

Water Starwort, Autumnal Callitriche heterophylla ssp. Callitrichaceae Herb OBL S5** SL, O, H, E, Wa heterophylla Water Starwort, Terrestrial Callitriche terrestris Callitrichaceae Herb S2S3G5 E, O

Water Starwort, Twoheaded Callitriche hermaphroditica Callitrichaceae Herb OBL S1G5 SL, C

57 Water Starwort, Vernal Callitriche palustris Callitrichaceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except F, H, Fu

Waterleaf, Blunt-leaf Hydrophyllum canadense Hydrophyllaceae Herb FACU S5G5 SL, O, L, He, Fu White Dock, Pale / White Willow Rumex triangulivalvis Polygonaceae Herb FACU S5G5T5 SL, F, C, E, Wa Dock / Triangular-valved Dock Willow-herb Epilobium ciliatum ssp. Onagraceae Herb SH?G5T5 SL, O, E, Wa glandulosum Willow-herb, Downy Epilobium strictum Onagraceae Herb OBL S5G5? Except F, H, S, E, Willow-herb, Hairy Epilobium ciliatum ssp. Onagraceae Herb FAC- S5G5T5 Except Fu, S ciliatum Willow-herb, Hornemann's Epilobium hornemannii ssp. Onagraceae Herb FACW S1** E hornemannii Willow-herb, Linear-leaved Epilobium leptophyllum Onagraceae Herb OBL S5G5 Except W

Willow-herb, Marsh Epilobium palustre Onagraceae Herb OBL S4G5 SL, L, Fu, E, W

Willow-herb, Purple-leaf Epilobium coloratum Onagraceae Herb OBL S5G5 SL, O, L, W

Wintergreen, American Pyrola americana Ericaceae Herb S5G5 Except C, L, He

Wintergreen, Common Chimaphila umbellata ssp. Ericaceae Herb S5G5T5 Except He, Wa cisatlantica Wintergreen, Greenish-flowered Pyrola chlorantha Ericaceae Herb S5G5 Except C, O, He, Fu Wintergreen, Lesser Pyrola minor Ericaceae Herb FAC S1G5 E

Wintergreen, One-flower Moneses uniflora Ericaceae Herb FAC S4G5 Except SL, Fu

Wintergreen, One-side Orthilia secunda Ericaceae Herb FAC S5G5 All

58 Wintergreen, Pink Pyrola asarifolia ssp. Ericaceae Herb FACW S2G5 Except C, H, S, asarifolia Wa Wintergreen, Spotted Chimaphila maculata Ericaceae Herb S4G5 E, W, Wa

Woodmint, Downy Blephilia ciliata Lamiaceae Herb S1G5 W, Wa

Woodmint, Hairy Blephilia hirsuta Lamiaceae Herb FACU- S4G5? SL, He, O, Wa

Wood-sorrel, Upright Yellow Oxalis stricta Oxalidaceae Herb S5G5 Except C, F, Fu

Wood-sorrel, White Oxalis montana Oxalidaceae Herb FAC- S5G5 Except C, Fu, Wa Worm Seeded Spurge Chamaesyce vermiculata Euphorbiaceae Herb S5G5 SL, C, S, Wa

Yellowcress, Bog Rorippa palustris ssp. Brassicaceae Herb OBL S4** O, E, W, S, Wa palustris Yellowcress, Fernald's Rorippa palustris ssp. Brassicaceae Herb S5** C, E, SL, O, fernaldiana Wa, S Yellowcress, Hispid Rorippa palustris ssp Brassicaceae Herb S4** C, SL, L, Wa hispida Yellow-Eyed Grass, Bog / Xyris difformis var. Xyridaceae Herb OBL S4G5 O, H, Fu Carolina Yellow-eyed-grass difformis Yellow-Eyed-Grass, Northern Xyris montana Xyridaceae Herb OBL S5G4 Except C, L, W, Wa

Vines – including parasites Bittersweet, Climbing Celastrus scandens Celastraceae Vine FACU- S3G5 SL, L, E, W, S, Wa Clematis, Purple Clematis occidentalis var. Ranunculaceae Vine S5G5 C, E, H, W, Wa occidentalis Cucumber, Wild / Prickly Echinocystis lobata Cucurbitaceae Vine FAC S5** Except L, H, Fu Cucumber / Wild Balsam-apple

59 Dodder, Fiveangled Cuscuta pentagona var. Cuscutaceae Vine S3** He pentagona Dodder, Gronovius Cuscuta gronovii Cuscutaceae Vine S5G5 SL, O, Fu, Wa, W, S Dodder, Hazel Cuscuta coryli Cuscutaceae Vine S4G5 W, Wa

Grape Vitis x labruscana Vitaceae Vine FACU S?GNA E, S [aestivalis x labrusca] Grape, New England Vitis x novae-angliae Vitaceae Vine S2?GNA E [labrusca x riparia] Grape, Northern Fox Vitis labrusca Vitaceae Vine FACU S5G5 SL, O, E, W, Wa Grape, Riverbank Vitis riparia Vitaceae Vine FACW S5G5 Except H, Fu

Grape, Summer Vitis aestivalis var. Vitaceae Vine FACU S5G5 O, E, W, S, Wa aestivalis Grape, Winter Vitis ulpine Vitaceae Vine FACW S1G5 E, W

Greenbrier, Bristly Smilax hispida Smilacaceae Vine FAC S5** SL, He, O, W

Greenbrier, Smooth Herbaceous / Smilax herbacea Smilacaceae Vine FAC S5G5 Except F, He Carrion-flower / Jacob’s-ladder Fu, S Honeysuckle, Limber Lonicera dioica var. dioica Caprifoliaceae Vine FACU S5** Except F, H, Fu, He Honeysuckle, Trumpet Lonicera sempervirens Caprifoliaceae Vine FACU S4G5 He, E, W, S

Ivy, Eastern Poison Toxicodendron radicans ssp. Anacardiaceae Vine FAC S5** Except SL, F, radicans H, Fu, S Moonseed, Canada Menispermum canadense Menispermaceae Vine S5G5 SL, O, E, W,Wa, S Virginia Creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia Vitaceae Vine FACU S5G5 C, E, W, Wa, S, O, L

60 Virginia Virgin’s Bower Clematis virginiana Ranunculaceae Vine FAC S5G5 All

Graminoids Arrowgrass, Seaside Triglochin maritima Juncaginaceae Graminoid OBL S4G5 O, He, W

Beachgrass, American Ammophila breviligulata Poaceae Graminoid FACU- S5G5 C

Beachgrass, Lake Champlain Ammophila champlainensis Poaceae Graminoid S1G1Q C

Beakrush, Brown Rhynchospora fusca Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S3S4G4G Except C, L, Fu, 5 S Beakrush, Brownish Rhynchospora capitellata Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except C, F

Beakrush, Horned Rhynchospora capillacea Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S4G4 O, He

Beakrush, White Rhynchospora alba Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except C, O, Fu, Wa Beaksedge, Knieskern's Carex x knieskernii [arctata Cyperaceae Graminoid S1?GNA E, O x castanea] Bentgrass, Artic Agrostis mertensii Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 E

Bentgrass, Creeping Agrostis stolonifera Poaceae Graminoid FACW S5** Except F, L, He, Fu, W Bentgrass, Perennial Agrostis perennans Poaceae Graminoid FACU S5G5 Except F, C

Bentgrass, Rough Agrostis scabra Poaceae Graminoid FAC S5** All

Bentgrass, Winter Agrostis hyemalis Poaceae Graminoid FAC S2G5 E, Wa, H

61 Bluegrass, Drooping Poa saltuensis ssp. Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except C, F, L, saltuensis O, S Bluegrass, Fernald's Poa laxa ssp. fernaldiana Poaceae Graminoid S1** E

Bluegrass, Fowl / Meadowgrass Poa palustris Poaceae Graminoid FACW S5** All

Bluegrass, Glaucous Poa glauca ssp. glauca Poaceae Graminoid S1** E

Bluegrass, Inland Poa interior Poaceae Graminoid SHG5 E

Bluegrass, Woodland Poa saltuensis ssp. languida Poaceae Graminoid S5** E

Bluejoint Calamagrostis canadensis Poaceae Graminoid S1?G5T5 E var. langsdorfii Bluestem, Little Schizachyrium scoparium Poaceae Graminoid FACU- S5G5T5 C, H, Fu, Wa, var. scoparium S, W Brome, Earlyleaf / Canada Bromus latiglumis Poaceae Graminoid FACW S5** C, SL, O, He, S, Wa Brome, Fringed Bromus ciliatus Poaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 All

Bulrush Scirpus x peckii [atrovirens Cyperaceae Graminoid S3?GNA F, H, Fu, E x cyperinus] Bulrush, Black-girdle Scirpus atrocinctus Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 All

Bulrush, Clinton's Trichophorum clintonii Cyperaceae Graminoid S1** SL, H, W, S

Bulrush, Cottongrass Scirpus cyperinus Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except Fu

Bulrush, Dwarf Lipocarpha micrantha Cyperaceae Graminoid S1G4 O, W, S

Bulrush, Hard-stemmed Schoenoplectus acutus var. Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 SL, C, E, W, S, acutus Wa

62 Bulrush, Mosquito Scirpus hattorianus Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 SL, F, C, H, E, O, Wa Bulrush, Pendulous Scirpus pendulus Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except L, F, H, Fu Bulrush, River Bolboschoenus fluviatilis Cyperaceae Graminoid S5** SL, O, E, S, Wa

Bulrush, Slender Schoenoplectus Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S1** SL, F, C, E, S, heterochaetus Wa Bulrush, Small-fruit Scirpus microcarpus Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except Fu

Bulrush, Smith's / Weak-stalk Schoenoplectus smithii var. Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S4G5? SL, O, W, S Club-rush smithii Bulrush, Soft-stem / Great Schoenoplectus Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, Bulrush tabernaemontani E Bulrush, Stalked Scirpus pedicellatus Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G4 Except F, L, S

Bulrush, Three-square / Common Schoenoplectus pungens Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5G5 Except F, L, Three-square Bulrush / Chair- He, Fu, Wa maker’s Rush Bulrush, Three-square / Olney’s Schoenoplectus americanus Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 SL, W Three-square Bulrush Bulrush, Torrey's / Torrey’s Schoenoplectus torreyi Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S2?G5? SL, He, H, E Three-square Bulrush Bulrush, Tufted / Deer's Hair Trichophorum cespitosum Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S2** E Sedge / Deergrass / Deerhair Bulrush Bulrush, Woolgrass Scirpus atrovirens Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5? All

Chess, Wild Bromus kalmii Poaceae Graminoid FAC- S4G5 C, E, W, Wa

Clustered, Northern Carex arcta Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S1G5 F, E, He

63 Cordgrass, Fresh Water Spartina pectinata Poaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 SL, C, O, H, W, S, Wa Cottongrass, Alpine Trichophorum alpinum Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except C, F, Fu

Cottongrass, Green Keeled Eriophorum viridicarinatum Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except C, F

Cottongrass, Rough Eriophorum tenellum Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except W

Cottongrass, Slender Eriophorum gracile Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S4G5 C, SL, He, O, W Cottongrass, Tawny Eriophorum virginicum Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except C

Cottongrass, Tussock Eriophorum vaginatum Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except C, F, Fu, S Cutgrass, Rice Leersia oryzoides Poaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 All

Cutgrass, Virginia Leersia virginica Poaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 Except C, F, H, He, L, Fu Cyperus, Awned Cyperus squarrosus Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 O, C, E, W, S, Wa Dichanthelium, Slender Dichanthelium Poaceae Graminoid S4G5 C, E, W, Wa, S, xanthophysum O Dropseed, Northern Sporobolus heterolepis Poaceae Graminoid S2G5 W

Dropseed, Sheathed Sporobolus vaginiflorus Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except C, H

Dropseed, Small Sporobolus neglectus Poaceae Graminoid FACU- S5G5 C, E, Wa, S, He, SL Fescue, Chewing's Festuca nigrescens Poaceae Graminoid SE** E, S

Fescue, Nodding Festuca subverticillata Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except H

64 Fescue, Rocky Mountain Festuca saximontana var. Poaceae Graminoid S1G5 E, Wa saximontana Fescue, Slender 8-flowered Vulpia octoflora var. glauca Poaceae Graminoid S5G5T5 W, O

Fimbry, Slender Fimbristylis autumnalis Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5G5 Except C, F, He, L, Fu Flatsedge, Great Plains Cyperus lupulinus ssp. Cyperaceae Graminoid S2G5T5? C, O lupulinus Flatsedge, Great Plains Cyperus lupulinus ssp. Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5T5? Except F, L, He, macilentus Fu Flatsedge, Schweinitz's Cyperus schweinitzii Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S2S3G5 SL, L, W, S

Flatsedge, Slender / Shining Cyperus bipartitus Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except F, Fu Flatsedge Flatsedge, Straw-colored / False Cyperus strigosus Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 Except F, He, H Nutsedge Flatsedge, Umbrella Cyperus diandrus Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S5?** SL, O, C, W, S, Wa Foxtail, Short-awn Alopecurus aequalis var. Poaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 C, E, W, S, Wa, aequalis SL, O Grass, Bottlebrush Elymus hystrix var. Poaceae Graminoid S4G5T5? SL, He, O, S, bigeloviana Wa Grass, Eastern Bottle-brush Elymus hystrix var. hystrix Poaceae Graminoid S5G5T5 Except F, H, Fu, O Grass, Grove Meadow Poa alsodes Poaceae Graminoid FACW- S5G4G5 Except C, He, Fu, W Grass, Reed Canary Phalaris arundinacea Poaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5G5 Except Fu

Grass, Rough Barnyard Echinochloa muricata var. Poaceae Graminoid S5G5T5 SL, O, L, C, E, microstachya Wa Grass, Rough Barnyard Echinochloa muricata var. Poaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5G5T5 C, E, W, Wa, S, muricata O

65 Grass, Shinners Three-awned Aristida dichotoma Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 O, Fu, W, S, Wa Grass, Vanilla Anthoxanthum nitens Poaceae Graminoid S5** SL, C, E, W, Wa, S, Fu, H, O, L Hairgrass, Mountain Digitaria cognata var. Poaceae Graminoid S5G5T5 L, E, S cognata Hairgrass, Mountain Vahlodea atropurpurea Poaceae Graminoid FACW SXG5 E

Hairgrass, Tufted Deschampsia cespitosa Poaceae Graminoid FACW S?** Except C, SL, O, S, Wa Hairgrass, Wavy Deschampsia flexuosa Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except H, S

Hairsedge, Densetuft Bulbostylis capillaris ssp. Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S5** Except SL, L, E capillaris Indiangrass, Yellow Sorghastrum nutans Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 E, W, S, Wa

Long-spine Sandbur Cenchrus longispinus Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 C, O, W, S, Wa

Lovegrass Eragrostis pectinacea var. Poaceae Graminoid FAC S5** Except SL, F, pectinacea H, L Lovegrass, Frank's Eragrostis frankii Poaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 SL, H, O, Fu, W, Wa Lovegrass, Purple Eragrostis spectabilis Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 C, SL, O, L, W, S, Wa Lovegrass, Tiny Eragrostis capillaris Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 W, Wa, S

Mannagrass, American Glyceria grandis var. Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except H, S grandis Mannagrass, Canada Glyceria canadensis Poaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except H

66 Mannagrass, Fernald's False Torreyochloa pallida var. Poaceae Graminoid S5G5?T4 All fernaldii Q Mannagrass, Fowl Glyceria striata Poaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 All

Mannagrass, Northern Glyceria laxa Poaceae Graminoid S1?G5 E

Mannagrass, Pale Torreyochloa pallida var. Poaceae Graminoid S5G5?T5 SL, C, E, W, pallida ? Wa, S, He, O Mannagrass, Slender Glyceria melicaria Poaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except W

Mannagrass, Small Floating Glyceria borealis Poaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 All

Milletgrass, Tall Milium effusum Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except C, F, W, S, Fu Mountain Ricegrass Piptatherum pungens Poaceae Graminoid S4** C, E, W, Wa, S, H, O, L Mountain Ricegrass, Black-fruit Piptatherum racemosum Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 SL, C, E, W, Wa, L Mountain Ricegrass, Canada Piptatherum canadense Poaceae Graminoid S2G5 SL, F, E, H

Mountain Ricegrass, White- Oryzopsis asperifolia Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except F grained Muhly, Cliff Muhlenbergia sobolifera Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 W, Wa

Muhly, Fall Dropseed Muhlenbergia uniflora Poaceae Graminoid OBL S4G5 Except C, Wa

Muhly, Mexican Muhlenbergia mexicana Poaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 All

Muhly, Schreber Muhlenbergia schreberi Poaceae Graminoid FAC S5G5 O, He, W, Wa, S Muhly, Slender Muhlenbergia tenuiflora Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 W, Wa, S

67 Muhly, Spiked Muhlenbergia glomerata Poaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 Except F, Fu

Muhly, Wirestem Muhlenbergia frondosa Poaceae Graminoid FAC S5G5 Except C, F, E

Muhly, Woodland Muhlenbergia sylvatica var. Poaceae Graminoid FAC+ S5G5T3T SL, O, C, E, W, sylvatica 5 S, Wa Nutrush, Low Scleria verticillata Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S1G5 E

Nutrush, Whip Scleria triglomerata Cyperaceae Graminoid FAC S1** W, O

Oat, Purple Schizachne purpurascens Poaceae Graminoid FACU- S5G5 Except Fu, S

Oatgrass, Flattened Danthonia compressa Poaceae Graminoid FACU- S5G5 Except W

Oatgrass, Poverty Danthonia spicata Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 All

Oats, Narrow False Trisetum spicatum var. Poaceae Graminoid FACU S5G5 Except Fu, W, spicatum O Oats, Purple False Graphephorum melicoides Poaceae Graminoid S1G4 C, E

Panicgrass Dichanthelium acuminatum Poaceae Graminoid FAC S5G5 All

Panicgrass Dichanthelium sabulorum Poaceae Graminoid FACU S5G5T5 Except C, F, H, var. thinium He, L Panicgrass, Gattinger Panicum gattingeri Poaceae Graminoid FAC S5G4 SL, E, W, Wa, S, Fu Panicgrass, Old Witch Panicum capillare Poaceae Graminoid FAC- S5G5 Except F, H, Fu

Panicgrass, Philadelphia Panicum philadelphicum Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 L, O, E, W, S, Wa Panicgrass, Redtop Panicum rigidulum var. Poaceae Graminoid FACW+ S?G5T5? SL, O, H, Fu, S, rigidulum Wa

68 Panicgrass, Scribner’s Dichanthelium oligosanthes Poaceae Graminoid FACU S5G5T5 Except F, SL, L var. scribnerianum Panicgrass, Small-fruited Dichanthelium dichotomum Poaceae Graminoid FAC S5G5T5 W, Wa, O var. dichotomum Paspalum, Thin Paspalum setaceum var. Poaceae Graminoid FACU+ S5** O, W, Wa muehlenbergii Reed, Pickering's / Bent-grass Calamagrostis pickeringii Poaceae Graminoid FACW S3G4 SL, F, E, H, He

Reedgrass, Bluejoint Calamagrostis canadensis Poaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5G5T5 Except S var. canadensis Reedgrass, Northern Calamagrostis stricta ssp. Poaceae Graminoid S?** SL, F, C, E, H, inexpansa Wa Reedgrass, Slender Wood Cinna latifolia Poaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 Exept Fu, S

Reedgrass, Slimstem / Small Calamagrostis stricta ssp. Poaceae Graminoid S2G5 C stricta Reedgrass, Wood / Sweet Cinna arundinacea Poaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5** Except E, H, Fu Woodreed / Stout Woodreed Rush, American Moor Juncus stygius ssp. Juncaceae Graminoid OBL SHG5T5 E americanus Rush, Bayonet / Jointed Bog Juncus militaris Juncaceae Graminoid OBL S4G4 SL, F, He, H

Rush, Black-grass Juncus gerardii Juncaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5G5 E, Wa

Rush, Brown-fruited Juncus pelocarpus Juncaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except L

Rush, Canada Juncus canadensis Juncaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 All

Rush, Common Juncus effusus var. solutus Juncaceae Graminoid S5G5T5 Except C, He, Fu Rush, Common Juncus effusus var. pylaei Juncaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5G5T5? Except C, F, Fu, S, Wa

69 Rush, Dudley's Juncus dudleyi Juncaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except F, H, W

Rush, Forked Juncus dichotomus Juncaceae Graminoid FACW S3?G5 O, E

Rush, Grass-leaved Juncus marginatus Juncaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 SL, O, W, S

Rush, Greene's Juncus greenei Juncaceae Graminoid FAC S5G5 C, E, H, S

Rush, Highland Juncus trifidus Juncaceae Graminoid S2G5 E

Rush, Jointed Juncus articulatus Juncaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except F

Rush, Knotted Juncus nodosus Juncaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except L, He, Fu Rush, Narrow-panicled Juncus brevicaudatus Juncaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 All

Rush, Needlepod Juncus scirpoides Juncaceae Graminoid FACW S1** He

Rush, Northern Green / Alpine Juncus alpinoarticulatus Juncaceae Graminoid OBL S4G5 C, SL, O Rush Rush, Path / Slender Juncus tenuis Juncaceae Graminoid FAC- S5G5 Except S

Rush, Secund Juncus secundus Juncaceae Graminoid FACU S4G5? E, W, Wa

Rush, Sharp-fruit Juncus acuminatus Juncaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 C, SL, O, L, Fu, Wa, S, W Rush, Small-head Juncus brachycephalus Juncaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 C, SL, O, He, W, Wa Rush, Thread Juncus filiformis Juncaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 Except W, S, Wa, Fu Rush, Toad Juncus bufonius var. Juncaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 All bufonius

70 Rush, Torrey's Juncus torreyi Juncaceae Graminoid FACW S4S5** C, SL, O, Fu

Rush, Twig Cladium mariscoides Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except C, L

Rush, Woods Juncus subcaudatus Juncaceae Graminoid OBL S1G5 O, He, S

Rush,Weak-stalk Schoenoplectus purshianus Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S3?G4G5 W var. purshianus Schoenoplectus Subterminalis Schoenoplectus Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G4G5 Except L, Fu (torrey) Soják, Cas. Nár. Mus., subterminalis Odd. Prír. 140: 127. 1972. Sedge, American Woollyfruit Carex lasiocarpa ssp. Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5** Except SL, Fu, americana S Sedge, Appalachian Carex appalachica Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G4 O, E, W, S, Wa

Sedge, Atlantic / Prickly Bog Carex atlantica ssp. Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5** Except F, L, He, atlantica S, Wa Sedge, Back's Carex backii Cyperaceae Graminoid S2G4 C, E, W, Wa, H, SL Sedge, Bailey's Carex baileyi Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except C, L, S

Sedge, Beaked Carex utriculata Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 All

Sedge, Bebb's Carex bebbii Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G4 Except S

Sedge, Bigelow Carex bigelowii ssp. Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW- S2G5 C, E bigelowii Sedge, Billing's Carex trisperma var. Cyperaceae Graminoid S3?G5T3 SL, F, H, O billingsii T5 Sedge, Bladder Carex intumescens Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5G5 All

71 Sedge, Blue Ridge Carex lucorum var. lucorum Cyperaceae Graminoid S4G4 SL, O, C, E, W, Fu Sedge, Blunt Broom Carex tribuloides var. Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5G5 Except F, L, Fu, tribuloides S Sedge, Boreal Bog Carex magellanica ssp. Cyperaceae Graminoid S4G5T5 Except C, E, irrigua Wa, Fu, S Sedge, Bristleleaf Carex eburnea Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S4** Except F, E, H, Fu, S Sedge, Bristly Carex comosa Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 F, H

Sedge, Bristly-stalk Carex leptalea Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except Fu

Sedge, Broad Looseflower Carex laxiflora Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S5G5T5 Except F, He, Fu Sedge, Broad-leaved Carex platyphylla Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, O, L Sedge, Broadwing Carex alata Cyperaceae Graminoid S4G5 SL, W

Sedge, Bromelike Carex bromoides ssp. Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S5?** Except F, E, H bromoides Sedge, Bromelike Carex brunnescens ssp. Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5T5 Except Fu, Wa brunnescens Sedge, Broom Carex scoparia var. Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5T5 Except Fu scoparia Sedge, Bur-reed Carex sparganioides Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S5G5 Except F, E, H, L Sedge, Buxbaum's Carex buxbaumii Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S2G5 SL, L, E, W

Sedge, Cat-tail Carex typhina Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW+ S2G5 O, C, E, Wa

Sedge, Chestnut-colored / Carex castanea Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S4G5 Except C, F, Fu, Chestnut S

72 Sedge, Cloud Carex haydenii Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S1G5 F, L, He, H, E

Sedge, Clustered Carex cumulata Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S2S3** C, E, O, Wa

Sedge, Coast Carex exilis Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S4G5 SL, O, L, F, E, H, W Sedge, Crawe Carex crawei Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S1S2G5 SL, He

Sedge, Crawford Carex crawfordii Cyperaceae Graminoid FAC S4G5 Except H, Fu, S

Sedge, Creeping Carex chordorrhiza Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S2G5 O, L, He, W, S

Sedge, Crested Carex cristatella Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 SL, O, He, W, S, Wa Sedge, Cyperus-like Carex pseudocyperus Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except L, Fu, W, S, Wa Sedge, Dioecious Carex sterilis Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S4G4 O, He, Wa

Sedge, Drooping Carex prasina Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G4 Except F, He, Fu Sedge, Drooping Woodland / Carex arctata Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5? All Black Sedge, Dryspike Carex foenea Cyperaceae Graminoid S5** Except F, O, L, Fu, S Sedge, Dryspike Carex siccata Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except SL, F, H, L Sedge, Elk Carex garberi Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S1** C, W

Sedge, Emory's Carex emoryi Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S1G5 C

Sedge, False Hop Carex lupuliformis Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW+ S2G4 L, C, E, W, Fu, Wa

73 Sedge, Fernald's Carex merritt-fernaldii Cyperaceae Graminoid S2S3G5 SL, F, C, E, W, Wa, S Sedge, Fescue Carex brevior Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5? C, E, W, S, Wa, Fu Sedge, Few-flowered Carex pauciflora Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except C, S, Wa Sedge, Few-seeded Carex oligosperma Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S3G5 Except Fu, Wa

Sedge, Fibrous-root Carex communis var. Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except Fu communis Sedge, Finely-nerved Carex leptonervia Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 Except F

Sedge, Fox Carex vulpinoidea Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except F

Sedge, Fringed Carex crinita var. crinita Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except F, Fu

Sedge, Golden-fruited Carex aurea Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 F, H, Fu, W

Sedge, Graceful Carex gracillima Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S5G5 Except F

Sedge, Gray's Carex grayi Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5** SL, O, E, S, Wa

Sedge, Greater StrawStraw Carex normalis Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S5G5 Except SL, L, He, Fu Sedge, Hair-like Carex capillaris Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S1G5 H

Sedge, Hairy-fruit Carex trichocarpa Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S4G4 O, He, W, Wa

Sedge, Handsome Carex formosa Cyperaceae Graminoid FAC S2S3G4 SL, O, C, E, Wa

Sedge, Hay / Silvery-flowered Carex argyrantha Cyperaceae Graminoid S4G5 SL, He

74 Sedge, Hidden Carex umbellata Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except SL, F, H, Fu Sedge, Hirsute Carex hirsutella Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 O, E, W, S, Wa, Fu Sedge, Hitchcock's Carex hitchcockiana Cyperaceae Graminoid S3G5 SL, C, E, W, Wa Sedge, Hoary / Silvery Carex canescens ssp. Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 All canescens Sedge, Hop Carex lupulina Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except F, E, He, Fu Sedge, Houghton's Carex houghtoniana Cyperaceae Graminoid S2G5 F, C, E, H, W, Fu, S Sedge, Houghton's Umbrella Cyperus houghtonii Cyperaceae Graminoid S3G4? C, E, W, S, Wa

Sedge, Inflated Carex vesicaria Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 All

Sedge, Inland Carex interior Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 All

Sedge, Lake-bank Carex lacustris Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, E, W Sedge, Lesser Panicled Carex diandra Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except H, Fu, S

Sedge, Limestone Meadow Carex granularis Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5G5T5 Except F, H, Fu

Sedge, Little Green / Greenish Carex viridula ssp. viridula Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 SL, C, E, W, H

Sedge, Little Prickly Carex echinata ssp. echinata Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 All

Sedge, Livid Carex livida Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S1G5 O, He

Sedge, Long Carex folliculata Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G4G5 Except C, W

75 Sedge, Manyhead Carex sychnocephala Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW SH** SL, He, O

Sedge, Mead's Carex meadii Cyperaceae Graminoid FAC SHG4G5 He

Sedge, Michaux's Carex michauxiana Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S4G5 Except C, Fu, Wa Sedge, Mountain Fringed Carex gynandra Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 All

Sedge, Mud Carex limosa Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except C, Fu, S, Wa Sedge, Muhlenberg's Carex muehlenbergii var. Cyperaceae Graminoid S4S5G5T O, Fu, W, S muehlenbergii 5 Sedge, Necklace Carex projecta Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S5** All

Sedge, Necklace Spike Carex ormostachya Cyperaceae Graminoid S4G4 SL, O, He, C, W, Wa Sedge, New England Carex novae-angliae Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S4G5 Except F, O, Fu, W, S, Wa Sedge, Northeastern Carex cryptolepis Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S3G4 Except F, He, Fu Sedge, Northern Bog Carex gynocrates Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S1G5 He, L

Sedge, Northern Singlespike Carex scirpoidea ssp. Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S1** E scirpoidea Sedge, Openfield Carex conoidea Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S5** Except C, O, L, He, Fu Sedge, Oval-leaved Carex cephalophora Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S5G5 SL, E, W, S, Wa Sedge, Owlfruit / Stalk-grain Carex stipata var. stipata Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 All

Sedge, Pale Carex pallescens Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except Fu

76 Sedge, Pedunculate / Long- Carex pedunculata Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except F, C, Fu, stalked W Sedge, Pennsylvania Carex pensylvanica Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 C, SL, O, Fu, W, S, Wa Sedge, Plantain-leaved Carex plantaginea Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except F, W, S

Sedge, Porcupine Carex hystericina Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except F, H

Sedge, Prairie Carex prairea Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5? Except SL, F, H, S, L Sedge, Quill Carex tenera var. tenera Cyperaceae Graminoid FAC S5** Except F, O, L, He Sedge, Reflexed Carex retroflexa Cyperaceae Graminoid S2S3G5 C, W, S, Wa

Sedge, Retrorse Carex retrorsa Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5G5 All

Sedge, Ribbed Carex virescens Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 SL, O, Fu, W, Wa Sedge, Rigid Carex tetanica Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S4S5** SL, L, C

Sedge, Rosy Carex rosea Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except F, Fu

Sedge, Rough Carex scabrata Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except S, Wa

Sedge, Schweinitz's Carex schweinitzii Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S2S3G3 C, O, He

Sedge, Scrabrous Black Carex atratiformis Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW- S1** E

Sedge, Shallow Carex lurida Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 All

Sedge, Shaved Carex tonsa var. tonsa Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5T4T Except F, SL, 5 W, Fu

77 Sedge, Sheathed Carex vaginata Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S1G5 E, L

Sedge, Shore / Lakeshore Carex lenticularis var. Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S3S4G5 Except C, O, L, lenticularis Fu, S, Wa Sedge, Short-scale Carex deweyana var. Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S5G5 Except F deweyana Sedge, Short-stemmed Carex deflexa var. deflexa Cyperaceae Graminoid S3S4G5 Except O, Fu, W, S, Wa Sedge, Slender Carex gracilescens Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5? E

Sedge, Slender Wood Carex digitalis var. digitalis Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except F, E, S

Sedge, Smooth-sheath Carex laevivaginata Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 O, L, He, Wa

Sedge, Soft Fox Carex conjuncta Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW SHG4G5 O, He

Sedge, Softleaf Carex disperma Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW+ S5G5 Except S

Sedge, Sparse-flowered Carex tenuiflora Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S1G5 SL, O, L, E, W, S Sedge, Sprengel’s / Long-beaked Carex sprengelii Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S5G5? Except L, F, H

Sedge, Squarrose Carex squarrosa Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S5G4G5 O, W, S

Sedge, Stellate Carex radiata Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G4 Except F, He, H

Sedge, Swan Carex swanii Cyperaceae Graminoid FACU S5G5 Except C, E

Sedge, Thinleaf Carex cephaloidea Cyperaceae Graminoid FAC+ S5** Except C, F, He, Fu, W Sedge, Threeseeded Carex trisperma var. Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5T5 Except C, He, trisperma S, Wa

78 Sedge, Threeway Dulichium arundinaceum Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 All var. arundinaceum Sedge, Toothed Cyperus dentatus Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW+ S3?G4 Except O, L, W, Wa Sedge, Troublesome Carex molesta Cyperaceae Graminoid S2G4 Except C, Fu, Wa Sedge, Tuckerman Carex tuckermanii Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G4 SL, O, C, E, S, Wa Sedge, Tussock Carex stricta Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 All

Sedge, Twisted Carex torta Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, E, Wa Sedge, Umbel-like Carex tonsa var. Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5T5 Except F rugosperma Sedge, Water Carex aquatilis var. Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 SL, O, L, W, aquatilis Wa Sedge, Weak Stellate Carex seorsa Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S4** F, E, O

Sedge, White Bear Carex albursina Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except O, E, H, W Sedge, White-edge / Weak Carex debilis var. rudgei Cyperaceae Graminoid FAC S5G5T5 Except Fu

Sedge, White-tinged Carex peckii Cyperaceae Graminoid S4G4G5 Except F, He, Fu Sedge, Wiegand's Carex wiegandii Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S1G3 F, L

Sedge, Woodland Carex blanda Cyperaceae Graminoid FAC S5G5? Except C, F, H, Fu, W, L Sedge, Woolly Carex pellita Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 C, SL, O, H, W, S Sedge, Yellow Carex flava Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except F

79 Sedge, Yellow-fruited Carex annectens Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW S?G5 Except O, L, F, H, He Shorthusk, Bearded Brachyelytrum erectum Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 F, SL, L, Wa

Shorthusk, Northern Brachyelytrum Poaceae Graminoid S5G4G5 Except C septentrionale Spikerush, Bald Eleocharis erythropoda Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except F, L

Spikerush, Blunt Eleocharis obtusa Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5** Except Fu

Spikerush, Creeping / Common Eleocharis palustris Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except C, W Spike-rush / Marsh Spike-rush Spikerush, Few-flower Eleocharis quinqueflora Cyperaceae Graminoid S3?G5 SL, He

Spikerush, Matted Eleocharis intermedia Cyperaceae Graminoid FACW+ S4** Except C, F, H, Fu, W Spikerush, Needle Eleocharis acicularis Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5** Except L, Fu

Spikerush, Ovate Eleocharis ovata Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S1S2** Except C, L, Fu, S, Wa Spikerush, Robbins Eleocharis robbinsii Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S3G4G5 E, Fu

Spikerush, Slender Eleocharis elliptica Cyperaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except F, Fu

Spikerush, Yellow / Green Eleocharis flavescens var. Cyperaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5T5 Except L, He, Spikerush olivacea H, Fu Sweetgrass, Alpine Hierochloe alpina ssp. Poaceae Graminoid S1** E orthanthum Switchgrass Panicum virgatum var. Poaceae Graminoid FAC S5G5T5 W virgatum Wedgegrass Sphenopholis obtusata Poaceae Graminoid FAC- S1G5T5 E, SL, L, Wa

80 Wedgescale, Slender Sphenopholis intermedia Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except W

Wheatgrass, Slender Elymus trachycaulus ssp. Poaceae Graminoid S5G5T5 Except O, L, subsecundus He, Fu Wheatgrass, Slender Elymus trachycaulus ssp. Poaceae Graminoid S4G5T5 C, E, W, Wa, trachycaulus Fu Wild Rice, Eastern Zizania aquatica var. Poaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 SL, O, W, Wa aquatica Wild Rice, Northern Zizania palustris var. Poaceae Graminoid S?G4G5 SL, C, E, W, palustris Wa, S, He Wild Rye, Canada Elymus canadensis Poaceae Graminoid FACU+ S5G5 C, SL, S

Wild Rye, Hairy Elymus virginicus var. Poaceae Graminoid FACW- S5G5T5 Except He virginicus Wild Rye, River Elymus riparius Poaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 Except C, F, Fu

Wild Rye, Virginia Elymus villosus var. villosus Poaceae Graminoid FACU- S5** SL, He, S, Wa

Wild Rye,Wiegand's Elymus wiegandii Poaceae Graminoid FAC S4G4G5 SL, C, Wa, O, E

Witchgrass, Deer-tongue Dichanthelium clandestinum Poaceae Graminoid FAC+ S5G5? Except C, F, He, Fu Witchgrass, Northern Dichanthelium boreale Poaceae Graminoid FACU S3G5 Except C, F, S

Witchgrass, Slim-leaf Dichanthelium linearifolium Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except SL, F, H, L Witchgrass, Starved Dichanthelium Poaceae Graminoid S5G5 Except F, H depauperatum Woodrush, Common Luzula multiflora ssp. Juncaceae Graminoid FACU S5G5T5 Except F, Fu multiflora Woodrush, Common Luzula pallidula Juncaceae Graminoid S4G5T5 SL, C, E, W, S, H

81 Woodrush, Hairy Luzula acuminata var. Juncaceae Graminoid FAC S5G5 Except F, Fu, S acuminata Woodrush, Small-flowered Luzula parviflora Juncaceae Graminoid FACU S4G5 E, H, W

Woodrush, Spiked Luzula spicata Juncaceae Graminoid S1G5 E

Ferns Adder’s Tongue Ophioglossum pusillum Ophioglossaceae Fern S3G5 Except C

Bladderfern, Brittle Cystopteris fragilis Dryopteridaceae Fern FACU S4** Except Fu

Bladderfern, Upland Brittle Cystopteris tenuis Dryopteridaceae Fern S4G4G5 Except Fu

Chainfern, Virginia Woodwardia virginica Blechnaceae Fern OBL S5G5 Except E, S

Cliff-brake, Purple-stem Pellaea atropurpurea Pteridaceae Fern S4G5 Except C, F, H, Fu Cliff-brake, Smooth Pellaea glabella ssp. Pteridaceae Fern S2G5 SL, E, W, Wa glabella Fern Dryopteris clintoniana x Dryopteridaceae Fern SH?GNA E, Wa goldiana Fern, Appalachian Rockcap / Polypodium appalachianum Polypodiaceae Fern S5G4G5 Except He, Fu, Appalachian Polypody Wa Fern, Bog / Massachusetts Fern Thelypteris lpine e Thelypteridaceae Fern FACW S3S4G4G SL, O, He, E 5 Fern, Braun’s Holly Polystichum braunii Dryopteridaceae Fern S4G5 Except SL, L, Fu, Wa Fern, Broad Beech Phegopteris hexagonoptera Thelypteridaceae Fern FAC S4S5G5 Except C, F, H, Fu, L Fern, Bulblet Cystopteris bulbifera Dryopteridaceae Fern FAC S5G5 All

82 Fern, Christmas Polystichum acrostichoides Dryopteridaceae Fern FACU- S5G5 All

Fern, Cinnamon Osmunda cinnamomea Osmundaceae Fern FACW S5G5 All

Fern, Crested Marginal Dryopteris x slossoniae Dryopteridaceae Fern S1S3GN W, S, Wa [cristata x marginalis] A Fern, Crested Shield Dryopteris cristata Dryopteridaceae Fern FACW+ S5G5 All

Fern, Eastern Bracken / Bracken Pteridium aquilinum var. Dennstaedtiaceae Fern FACU S5G5 All Fern latiusculum Fern, Eastern Hay-scented Dennstaedtia punctilobula Dennstaedtiaceae Fern S5G5 All

Fern, Fragile Cystopteris bulbifera x Dryopteridaceae Fern S?** C fragilis Fern, Glade Diplazium pycnocarpon Dryopteridaceae Fern S4G5 Except C, Fu

Fern, Interrupted Osmunda claytoniana Osmundaceae Fern FAC S5G5 All

Fern, Lady Athyrium filix-femina ssp. Dryopteridaceae Fern FAC S5?G5T5 Except C angustum Fern, Marsh Thelypteris palustris var. Thelypteridaceae Fern S5G5T5 All pubescens Fern, New York Thelypteris noveboracensis Thelypteridaceae Fern FAC S5G5 All

Fern, Northern Beech Phegopteris connectilis Thelypteridaceae Fern S5G5 All

Fern, Northern Maidenhair Adiantum pedatum Pteridaceae Fern FAC- S5G5 All

Fern, Northern Oak Gymnocarpium dryopteris Dryopteridaceae Fern S4S5G5 All

Fern, Ostrich Matteuccia struthiopteris Dryopteridaceae Fern FACW S4G5 All

83 Fern, Rattlesnake Botrychium virginianum Ophioglossaceae Fern FACU S5G5 All

Fern, Royal Osmunda regalis var. Osmundaceae Fern OBL S5G5T5 All spectabilis Fern, Sensitive Onoclea sensibilis Dryopteridaceae Fern FACW S5G5 All

Fern, Sheild Burgess Dryopteris x burgessii Dryopteridaceae Fern SH?GNA E, W, Wa [clintoniana x marginalis] Grapefern, Blunt-lobe Botrychium oneidense Ophioglossaceae Fern S2S3G4Q Except C, F, Fu, S Grapefern, Chamomile Botrychium matricariifolium Ophioglossaceae Fern FACU S4G5 All

Grapefern, Cutleaf Botrychium dissectum Ophioglossaceae Fern FAC S5G5 All

Grapefern, Lance-leaf Botrychium lanceolatum Ophioglossaceae Fern FACW S5G4T4 Except C, F ssp. angustisegmentum Grapefern, Least Botrychium simplex Ophioglossaceae Fern FACU S4S5G5 Except F, Fu

Grapefern, Leathery Botrychium multifidum Ophioglossaceae Fern FACU S5G5 All

Grapefern, Rugulose Botrychium rugulosum Ophioglossaceae Fern S1G3 E, W, H, SL

Polypody, Rock Polypodium virginianum Polypodiaceae Fern S5G5 All

Rockbrake, Fragile Cryptogramma stelleri Pteridaceae Fern FACU- S3S4G5 Except He, H, Fu, S Spleenwort, Ebony Asplenium platyneuron Aspleniaceae Fern FACU S5** Except F, H, Fu

Spleenwort, Maidenhair Asplenium trichomanes ssp. Aspleniaceae Fern S4?G5 Except H, Fu trichomanes Spleenwort, Mountain Asplenium montanum Aspleniaceae Fern S2S3G5 He

84 Spleenwort, Silvery Deparia acrostichoides Dryopteridaceae Fern S5G5 Except C

Spleenwort, Walking-fern Asplenium rhizophyllum Aspleniaceae Fern S4S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, L Spleenwort, Wall-rue Asplenium ruta-muraria Aspleniaceae Fern S4G5 E, Wa, S, He

Wood Fern Dryopteris x triploidea Dryopteridaceae Fern FAC S3GNA E, W, Wa, S, [carthusiana x intermedia] He, O Wood Fern, Boot’s Dryopteris x boottii [cristata Dryopteridaceae Fern FACW S3S5GN All x intermedia] A Wood Fern, Clinton Dryopteris clintoniana Dryopteridaceae Fern FACW+ S5G5 All

Wood Fern, Dowell’s Dryopteris x dowellii Dryopteridaceae Fern SH?GNA Except C, F, [clintoniana x intermedia] He, H, L Wood Fern, Eastern Spreading / Dryopteris campyloptera Dryopteridaceae Fern S4G5 F, E, Wa, S, Fu, Mountain Woodfern O Wood Fern, Evergreen Dryopteris intermedia ssp. Dryopteridaceae Fern FACU S5G5 All intermedia Wood Fern, Fragrant Cliff Dryopteris fragrans Dryopteridaceae Fern S1G5 F, H, E

Wood Fern, Goldie’s Dryopteris goldiana Dryopteridaceae Fern FAC+ S4G4 Except C, Fu

Wood Fern, Marginal Dryopteris marginalis Dryopteridaceae Fern FACU- S5** All

Wood Fern, Spinulose / Dryopteris carthusiana Dryopteridaceae Fern S5G5 All Spinulose / Sheild Fern / Toothed Wood Fern Woodsia, Blunt-lobe Woodsia obtusa ssp. obtusa Dryopteridaceae Fern S5G5 C, E, W, Wa, S

Woodsia, Northern Woodsia lpine Dryopteridaceae Fern S1G4 E

85 Woodsia, Rusty Woodsia ilvensis Dryopteridaceae Fern S5G5 Except O

Woodsia, Smooth Woodsia glabella Dryopteridaceae Fern S1G5 E, H, He

Horsetails Horsetail Equisetum x litorale Equisetaceae Graminoid OBL S3GNA C, O [arvense x fluviatile] Horsetail, Field / Common Equisetum arvense Equisetaceae Graminoid FAC S5** All Horsetail, Marsh Equisetum palustre Equisetaceae Graminoid FACE S2G5 C, SL, L, He, Wa Horsetail, Meadow Equisetum pratense Equisetaceae Graminoid FACW S2G5 SL, C, E Horsetail, Variegated Equisetum variegatum ssp. Equisetaceae Graminoid FACW S4** Except F variegatum Horsetail, Water / River Equisetum fluviatile Equisetaceae Graminoid OBL S5G5 Except F, H Horsetail, Woodland Equisetum sylvaticum Equisetaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5 Except He, Fu, W, S Rush, Dwarf Scouring Equisetum scirpoides Equisetaceae Graminoid FAC S5G5 Except Fu Rush, Rough-tooth Scouring Equisetum x mackaii Equisetaceae Graminoid S3GNA C [hyemale x variegatum] Rush, Scouring Equisetum hyemale ssp. Equisetaceae Graminoid FACW S5G5T5 SL, O, He, W, affine Wa, S, Fu Rush, Smooth Scouring Equisetum laevigatum Equisetaceae Graminoid SXG5 W, S

Aquatics – including floating-leaved and submergent plants Arrow-arum, Green Peltandra virginica Araceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except F, H

Arrowhead, Broadleaf / Wapato / Sagittaria latifolia Alismataceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except W Common Arrowhead / Duck- potato Arrowhead, Grassleaf Sagittaria graminea ssp. Alismataceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except C, L graminea Arrowhead, Northern / Wapato / Sagittaria cuneata Alismataceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 SL, O, C, E, W, Wapatum Arrowhead S, Wa, Fu

86 Arrowhead, Sessile-fruit Sagittaria rigida Alismataceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except C, F, H, L Awlwort, American Water Subularia aquatica ssp. Brassicaceae Aquatic OBL S1S2** F, H, E, W, Wa americana Bladderwort, Eastern Purple Utricularia purpurea Lentibulariaceae Aquatic OBL S4** SL, F, H, E, W

Bladderwort, Flatleaf Utricularia intermedia Lentibulariaceae Aquatic OBL S4S5 Except S, Wa

Bladderwort, Greater Utricularia macrorhiza Lentibulariaceae Aquatic OBL S4G5 Except C, F, Fu

Bladderwort, Hiddenfruit Utricularia geminiscapa Lentibulariaceae Aquatic OBL S3** SL, He, H, E, S

Bladderwort, Horned Utricularia cornuta Lentibulariaceae Aquatic OBL S5** Except Wa

Bladderwort, Humped Utricularia gibba Lentibulariaceae Aquatic OBL **** Except SL, L, Fu, S Bladderwort, Lesser Utricularia minor Lentibulariaceae Aquatic OBL S3G5 SL, L, He, E

Bladderwort, Little Floating Utricularia radiata Lentibulariaceae Aquatic OBL S2** H

Bur-reed Sparganium emersum Sparganiaceae Aquatic OBL S5** Except S

Bur-reed, American Sparganium americanum Sparganiaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except F

Bur-reed, Branching Sparganium androcladum Sparganiaceae Aquatic OBL S3S4G4G H 5 Bur-reed, Floating Sparganium fluctuans Sparganiaceae Aquatic OBL S3S4G5 Except F, W, S, Wa Bur-reed, Large Sparganium eurycarpum Sparganiaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 SL, O, C, E, W, S, Wa Bur-reed, Narrow-leaf Sparganium angustifolium Sparganiaceae Aquatic OBL S3S4G5 All

87 Bur-reed, Small Sparganium natans Sparganiaceae Aquatic OBL S2G5 O, SL, F, C, E

Duckweed, Lesser Lemna minor Lemnaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except C, L, He, Fu, W Duckweed, Star Lemna trisulca Lemnaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 C, O, SL, Wa

Eel-grass Vallisneria americana Hydrocharitaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except F, He, Fu Floating-heart Nymphoides cordata Menyanthaceae Aquatic OBL S3S4G5 Except C, O, L, W, S, Wa Hornwort, Common / Coontail Ceratophyllum demersum Ceratophyllaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 SL, O, E, W, S, Wa Hornwort, Prickly Ceratophyllum echinatum Ceratophyllaceae Aquatic S3G4? SL, F, E

Lakecress Neobeckia aquatica Brassicaceae Aquatic OBL S2** SL, O, E, S, Wa

Lavender Utricularia resupinata Lentibulariaceae Aquatic OBL **** SL, H, W, E, S

Mare's-tail, Common Hippuris vulgaris Hippuridaceae Aquatic OBL S1G5 SL, L, F, E, Wa

Mermaidweed, False Floerkea proserpinacoides Limnanthaceae Aquatic FAC S5G5 O, L, W, S, Wa

Mermaidweed, Marsh Proserpinaca palustris var. Haloragaceae Aquatic OBL S4G5T5 SL, C, O crebra Naiad, Slender Najas flexilis Najadaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 All

Naiad, Thread-like Najas gracillima Najadaceae Aquatic OBL S4G5? SL, W, S, Wa, Fu Pickerelweed Pontederia cordata Pontederiaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except C, H

Pipewort, Seven-angle Eriocaulon aquaticum Eriocaulaceae Aquatic S5G5 Except L, C

88 Plaintain, Mud Grassleaf Heteranthera dubia Pontederiaceae Aquatic S5G5

Pond Lily, Varigated Yellow Nuphar variegata Nymphaeaceae Aquatic OBL S5** Except Fu

Pond Lily, Yellow Nuphar microphylla Nymphaeaceae Aquatic OBL S5** Except L

Pond Lily, Yellow Nuphar rubrodisca Nymphaeaceae Aquatic OBL S3S5** Except L

Pondweed Potamogeton x nitens Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S3?GNA E, W, Fu [gramineus x perfoliatus] Pondweed, Algae-like / Alga Potamogeton confervoides Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S3G4 Except C, F, L, Pondweed / Tuckerman’s Fu, S, Wa Pondweed Pondweed, Blunt-leaf Potamogeton obtusifolius Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S4G5 SL, F, C, W, S, Wa Pondweed, Clasping-leaf Potamogeton perfoliatus Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except L, He, Fu Pondweed, Flatleaf / Robbins' Potamogeton robbinsii Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 C, E, H, S, Wa Pondweed / Fern Pondweed Pondweed, Flatstem Potamogeton zosteriformis Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, He Pondweed, Floating / Floating- Potamogeton natans Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except L, He, leaf Pondweed Fu Pondweed, Fries Potamogeton friesii Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S4?G4 O, He, E, Wa

Pondweed, Grassy / Floating-leaf Potamogeton gramineus Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except L, He, Fu Pondweed, Hill's Potamogeton hillii Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S2G3 SL, L, E, Wa

Pondweed, Horned Zannichellia palustris Zannichelliaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 S, He, O, S

89 Pondweed, Illinois Potamogeton illinoensis Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except C, L, H, Fu W Pondweed, Large-leaf / Broad- Potamogeton amplifolius Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except C, He, leaved Pondweed Fu Pondweed, Leafy Potamogeton foliosus ssp. Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except L, H, foliosus Fu, W, S Pondweed, Longleaf Potamogeton nodosus Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except L, He, H, C, W Pondweed, Northern Potamogeton alpinus Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S2G5 Except F, H, Fu, W, S Pondweed, Oakes Potamogeton oakesianus Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G4 Except C, F, L, Fu Pondweed, Sago Stuckenia pectinata Potamogetonaceae Aquatic S5** Except C, F, H, Fu Pondweed, Small Potamogeton pusillus ssp. Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5T5 Except C, F, L, pusillus He Pondweed, Small Potamogeton pusillus ssp. Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5T5 Except W tenuissimus Pondweed, Snail-seed Potamogeton bicupulatus Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G4 Except C, SL, O, L, W, S Pondweed, Spiral / Northern Potamogeton spirillus Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except O, L Snailseed Pondweed Pondweed, Straight-leaf Potamogeton strictifolius Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S2G5 SL, O, C, E, Wa

Pondweed, Vasey's Potamogeton vaseyi Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G4 SL, L, F, W, Wa, E Pondweed, White-stem Potamogeton praelongus Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except O, L, He, H, Fu Quillwort, Appalachian / Isoetes engelmannii Isoetaceae Aquatic OBL S5** F, H, Wa Engelmann's Quillwort Quillwort, Eaton's Isoetes x eatonii Isoetaceae Aquatic OBL S3GNA H, F [echinospora x engelmannii]

90 Quillwort, Lake Isoetes lacustris Isoetaceae Aquatic S3** He, Fu

Quillwort, Shore Isoetes riparia var. riparia Isoetaceae Aquatic OBL S1** W

Quillwort, Spiny-spore Isoetes echinospora ssp. Isoetaceae Aquatic OBL S4** Except L, He, S muricata Quillwort, Tuckerman's Isoetes tuckermanii Isoetaceae Aquatic OBL S4** C, E, F, H, Fu

Redheadgrass Potamogeton richardsonii Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 SL, F, O, W, S, Wa, Fu Ribbon-leaf Pondweed, Nuttall Potamogeton epihydrus Potamogetonaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 All Pondweed Riverweed, Hornleaf / Riverweed Podostemum ceratophyllum Podostemaceae Aquatic OBL S2G5 SL, F / River-moss / Threadfoot Water Flaxseed, Common Spirodela polyrrhiza Lemnaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 SL, O, L, He, S, Wa, E Waterlily, Fragrant / American Nymphaea odorata ssp. Nymphaeaceae Aquatic OBL S5?G5T5 Except Fu White Water-lily, White Water- odorata lily, Pond-lily Watermeal, Columbian Wolffia columbiana Lemnaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 SL, E, O, He, S, Wa Water-milfoil, Alternate-flowered Myriophyllum alterniflorum Haloragaceae Aquatic OBL S2G5 SL, C, W

Water-milfoil, Common Myriophyllum sibiricum Haloragaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 SL, C, E, W, S, H Water-milfoil, Cutleaf Myriophyllum pinnatum Haloragaceae Aquatic OBL S1G5 W, Wa

Water-milfoil, Farwell's Myriophyllum farwellii Haloragaceae Aquatic OBL S2G5 Except L, He, W, S, Wa Water-milfoil, Low Myriophyllum humile Haloragaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 He, H, E, Fu, Wa

91 Water-milfoil, Slender Myriophyllum tenellum Haloragaceae Aquatic OBL S4G5 Except O, L, Wa Water-milfoil, Whorled Myriophyllum verticillatum Haloragaceae Aquatic OBL S4G5 C, O, W, Wa, Fu Watershield, Purple Wendock Brasenia schreberi Cabombaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except C, Fu

Waterweed, Broad Elodea canadensis Hydrocharitaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 Except F, H, Fu, He, L Waterweed, Nuttall's Elodea nuttallii Hydrocharitaceae Aquatic OBL S5G5 SL, O, C, E, H, S Waterwort, Small Elatine minima Elatinaceae Aquatic OBL S4G5 F, H, E, W, Wa, O

92