Transport Vision Major Scheme Long List of Options

Scheme ID Scheme Name Scheme Information Transport Mode Status Timescale Indicative Cost Growth Area

Development of a ‘Hertford Loop Metro’ on the Hertford Line from Moorgate to Hertford North through 18 Hertford Loop Metro service improvements (capacity, frequency and speed) facilitated by a new Stevenage turnback platform and Rail Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium A1(M) new stock. This scheme would support the development of Stevenage as a key transport / interchange hub.

High Speed 2 (HS2) is a proposed high speed rail line from London to Birmingham and beyond, with Phase 2 proposed from the West Midlands to Leeds and Manchester. The additional capacity provided by Phase 2 will High Speed 2 Phase 2 – East Coast 19 release capacity on the , allowing more stopping services through than Rail Improvements Concept Long term Very high A1(M) Main Line Opportunities operate at present. The opportunity is for additional long-distance stopping services at Stevenage and increased frequency and capacity for services from Welwyn Garden City and Hatfield.

Concept level scheme to accommodate forecast levels of traffic on the A1(M) through Hertfordshire. Highways 22 A1(M) Widening Highway Improvements Concept Long term Very high A1(M) England forecasting to 2040 shows that the A1(M) will experience regular congestion.

Sustainable Infrastructure 40 between Stevenage, Hitchin and Walking/cycling improvements between Stevenage, Hitchin and Letchworth. Sustainable Transport ImprovementsConcept Medium term Low A1(M) Letchworth

Stevenage Station As part of ongoing masterplanning work for Stevenage station, there is potential to improve the capacity of 46 Rail Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium A1(M) Redevelopment Stevenage Station through its redevelopment.

Stevenage Western Distributor 47 New road linking A602 - A505. Highway Improvements Proposed Long term Very High A1(M) Road

Deliverable scheme with links to development around Stevenage - likely to be required even with A602 longer- 54 Hooks Cross Bypass Highway Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium A1(M) term strategy and role for route.

57 A1M J3 and J4 Upgrade Road upgrade building on work already undertaken. Highway Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium A1(M)

A414 London Colney/A1081 58 Grade separated junction upgrade. Highway Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium A1(M) Upgrade

60 A414 Park St Roundabout Grade separated junction upgrade. Highway Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium A1(M)

73 A1(M) all lane running All lane running on A1(M) beyond the already committed junctions 6-8 Highway Improvements Concept Medium term Medium A1(M) A505-A602 Hitchin Southern 80 Highway bypass Highway Improvements Concept Medium term High A1(M) Bypass

A1 South of M25 upgrade Provision of information technology on northbound and southbound carriageway including gantry signs and 83 New Technology Concept Medium term Medium A1(M) including technology variable speed limits combined with safety improvements.

East-North bypass around Stevenage along Gresley Way alignment to connect Junction 8 to new development 100 Stevenage eastern bypass Highway Improvements Concept Long term High A1(M) in north of Stevenage and the hospital

A120 Improvements (including A120 highway capacity improvements including the bypassing of Little Hadham to improve journey times 24 Highway Improvements Committed Short term Medium A10/M11 Little Hadham Bypass) between Bishop’s Stortford and the A10.

Increased frequency of services in Increased frequency of local services on the Lea Valley line to Stratford, delivering four 25 the Lea Valley on the West Anglia trains per hour in the peak instead of two trains per hour, through three-tracking sections of the line south of Rail Improvements Committed Short term High A10/M11 Main Line Hertfordshire towards Stratford.

26 M25 J25 Improvement Upgrade of the M25 and the A10 junction at Cheshunt, providing greater capacity for traffic. Highway Improvements Committed Short term Medium A10/M11

Four-tracking of the West Anglia Main Line between Coppermill Junction and Broxbourne to improve access to Stansted Airport through the Upper Lea Valley. Key sections of the track would be expanded to four-track (from Four-tracking of the West Anglia 27 two or three), allowing faster services to overtake stopping services. This would provide additional timetabled Rail Improvements Planned Medium term Very high A10/M11 Main Line services to increase capacity and substantially reduce journey times from Bishop’s Stortford and Hertford East to London. Delivery of 2 to Hertfordshire requires four-tracking of the West Anglia Main Line.

New M11 junction to the north of Harlow to provide alternative access to the strategic network. Delivery of this 28 New Junction 7A on the M11 Highway Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium A10/M11 scheme would support the planned residential development north of Harlow.

New south-west to north-east rail line to provide suburban and regional services between Hertfordshire and Crossrail 2 to Broxbourne (TfL 30 parts of Surrey and Middlesex, via a new central tunnel between Tottenham and Wimbledon. This route option Rail Improvements Concept Long term Very high A10/M11 scheme) includes services to Broxbourne, via the existing West Anglia Main Line, as consulted on by TfL (Autumn 2015).

Building on the currently proposed Crossrail 2 route, these options look for Crossrail 2 to serve different parts Crossrail 2 extension options 31 of Hertfordshire. Options are currently being considered for inclusion in Hertfordshire’s response to the Rail Improvements Concept Long term Very high A10/M11 beyond Broxbourne current Crossrail 2 route consultation.

43 Hertford Bypass A414 Bypass at Hertford. Highway Improvements Concept Long term High A10/M11

North of Harlow PT/Highways 49 New PT/Highways link to new development north of Harlow, including a second Stort crossing. Sustainable Transport ImprovementsProposed Long term High A10/M11 Link

Local A10 Improvements South of 51 Dualling and junction upgrades in southern section of the corridor. Highway Improvements Proposed Medium term High A10/M11 Buntingford

53 Standon Bypass New bypass around Standon. Also see no.50 'Continuation of A120 to Stevenage'. Highway Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium A10/M11

Link to Royston Growth & Transport Plan with south and possibility of emerging through analysis of 55 Royston Bypass Highway Improvements Proposed Long term Medium A10/M11 future travel needs - local member has raised as a possibility.

Linked to growth around north Harlow/Gilston and with wider J7a/A414 improvements from any possible 56 Sawbridgeworth Bypass Highway Improvements Proposed Long term Medium A10/M11 junction development with A1184.

Bishops Stortford Southeast 67 Bypass to southeast of Bishops Stortford. Highway Improvements Proposed Long term High A10/M11 Bypass

A120 (Bishops Stortford north) 68 Dualling bypass to north of Bishops Stortford. Highway Improvements Proposed Long term High A10/M11 bypass dualling

Strategic intervention at M11 J8 bypassing the A120 east-west movement away from the junction (based 72 M11 J8 Improvements around the additional demand from growth around Harlow and increasing passenger numbers at Stansted) – Highway Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium A10/M11 this would be in addition to J7a development and J7 improvements.

There are no direct rail services between Hertford and Harlow (this requires a change of train at Broxbourne). Hertford East-Harlow direct rail There is opportunity to attract mode shift from car on the A414 corridor. There is opportunity to provide direct 77 connection (plus onward direct Rail Improvements Concept Medium term High A10/M11 services to Bishop's Stortford and Stansted Airport, providing improved access to job opportunities at the services to Stansted) expanding airport.

TBC - No obvious major scheme solution, and further studies are taking place to identify what may be A10 Broxbourne Package required/feasible to support proposed growth.

Hertford East-Hertford North 78 Bus connection between the two stations. Sustainable Transport ImprovementsConcept Medium term High A10/M11 Public Transport connection

Provision of improved cycle (and pedestrian) links between Bishop's Stortford and Stansted Airport, currently Bishop's Stortford - Stansted 88 not well linked other than by road. Links could be entirely separate from the existing road system, or via an Sustainable Transport ImprovementsConcept Medium term A10/M11 Airport cycle 'superhighway' upgraded M11 Junction 8 and other grade-separated links across key links and junctions Scheme to provide an extensive, county-wide electric vehicle charging network through the installation of Comprehensive Electric Vehicle electric vehicle charging points and new and emerging charging infrastructure. Up to date charging 32 New Technology Concept Short term Medium County Wide Charging Infrastructure infrastructure would be secured as part of new developments across the County and a central body would be tasked with addressing gaps and identifying opportunities for intensification of the network.

Use of Social Media and Emerging Concept level scheme to provide better information about on-street parking options within Hertfordshire's 33 Technologies to Facilitate On- urban areas, reducing the time spent circulating looking for a space and total distance associated with New Technology Concept Short term Low County Wide Street Parking circulation (reducing vehicle emissions and improving local air quality).

Concept level scheme to introduce a workplace charging levy in Hertfordshire’s largest urban areas, requiring workplaces that provide more than a threshold number of parking spaces for employees to pay a levy per County-wide Workplace Parking additional space provided. Many employers pass the levy on to employees who drive to work, in return for a 34 County Wide Status Short term Low County Wide Levy parking permit. This can encourage those who currently drive to work to identify an alternative way of travelling to work. A workplace parking levy scheme currently operates in Nottingham, and has been considered by Cambridge and Bristol as a possible measure to reduce peak hour congestion.

County-wide Integrated Ticketing Concept level scheme to support integrated ticketing systems across Hertfordshire, giving users better value 35 New Technology Concept Medium term Medium County Wide System for Public Transport fares, and allowing journeys to be made by public transport more easily.

Use of Uber and Similar Emerging Concept level scheme to improve the responsiveness and performance of existing demand responsive services 37 Technologies for Demand (for example, taxis and private hire). This scheme could be applied to existing community transport schemes New Technology Concept Medium term Low County Wide Responsive Transport Services and therefore reduce the need for Council or District owned community transport fleet vehicles.

Concept level scheme to reallocate one lane in either direction on strategic highway routes in Hertfordshire for High-Occupancy Lanes on A10, vehicles with 2+ occupancy to encourage car-sharing and reduction in single-occupancy car journeys on the 38 High-Occupancy Lanes Concept Medium term High County Wide A414, M1 and A1(M) network. This scheme could be linked with schemes to provide additional capacity on the A414, M1 and A1(M) - any additional lanes provided would be for 2+ vehicles.

44 ITS Demand Management Intelligent Transport Systems to target demand management and improve travel information. New Technology Concept Short term Low County Wide

59 Active mode programmes Programmes to encourage active modes in schools and workplaces Sustainable Transport ImprovementsConcept Short term Low County Wide

Scheme idea has been around for a while based on a service running between and Stansted - currently HCC would not provide any funding, but if greater resources would probably look to suppport- this concept 69 Countywide express bus services Bus Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium County Wide could be expanded to run along other corridors and would link with other proposals, i.e. priority and possibly hubs.

Would probably focus on next 'tier' or two down from the larger towns, where the principle applies to some County wide network of extent already - linking with station/other PT links where possible and need - possibile focus around busier 70 Sustainable Transport ImprovementsProposed Medium term Medium County Wide Passenger Transport hubs stations to start with and can be linked with travel patterns - this is based on the capital side of providing the physical PT interchange rather than service support.

Real time information boards located where there are viable rail and road alternatives, e.g. A1(M), enabling 92 Real Time Information people to make decisions about the fastest mode to take. Should also be supported by real time travel New Technology Concept Short term Medium County Wide information available online.

Wayfinding signage in all Herts town centres to help people walking and cycling to find their way around. This 93 Wayfinding Signage New Technology Concept Short term Low County Wide should be uniformly branded throughout the county so that it is easily identified.

Uniform Hertfordshire Bus Uniform branding of Hertfordshire buses to make them easier to identify to new users and increase the 94 Bus Improvements Concept Medium term Low County Wide Branding community's level of comfort in using the system.

97 Freight Study A study in the short term into freight movements and any improvements needed in the medium to long term New Technology Concept Short term Low County Wide

Countywide community rail Consider a county wide community rail partnership to develop community led ideas for rail station 98 Rail Improvements Concept Short term Low County Wide partnership improvements, similar to the Abbey Line Community Rail Partnership

101 Commuter coaches Commuter coaches to town or employment centres Sustainable Transport ImprovementsConcept Short term Low County Wide

Substantial upgrade of the A507 between Buntingford and Baldock, removing sharp bends and widening on A507 Buntingford-Baldock some sections to improve capacity and safety. Potential to tie in with A10 upgrade south of Buntingford. Also 2 Highway Improvements Concept Medium Term High East-West upgrade + A505 Link potential to explore a parallel link between A507 and A505 Wallington Road grade separated junction (to reduce impact of traffic on Baldock town centre roads).

East-West Rail Central Section – Concept level scheme to link Luton, Stevenage and Stansted Airport by rail, connecting with the East-West rail 21 Rail Improvements Concept Long term Very high East-West Luton-Stevenage-Stansted Option scheme at Bedford.

A602 Improvements (Stevenage – Capacity improvements to the A602 between Stevenage and Ware, including upgrades of junctions at Hertford 23 Highway Improvements Committed Short term Medium East-West Ware) Road, A119 and Anchor Road. The A602 is currently operating above capacity.

New East-West A-road between Concept level scheme for a new A-road between Luton, Stevenage and Stansted, providing additional capacity 29 Highway Improvements Concept Long term Very high East-West Luton, Stevenage and Stansted for east-west movements in central / north Hertfordshire and facilitating access between growth areas.

Concept level scheme to provide an east-west public transport corridor on the A414 between Hemel A414 Public Transport Hempstead and Harlow. This would enhance east-west connectivity, serve the planned development north of 39 Sustainable Transport ImprovementsConcept Long term Very high East-West Expressway Harlow and alleviate congestion on the A414. This scheme builds on the initial concept of the Central Hertfordshire Passenger Transit System.

Luton-Hitchin-Stevenage 42 Heavy rail scheme discussed among HCC officers. Rail Improvements Concept Long term Very High East-West Passenger Transit Option

A new link road between the A1(M) potentially via Junction 2 south of Hatfield, and the A10 potentially via the 48 Broxbourne West Link Road Highway Improvements Proposed Long term Very High East-West Hoddesdon or Turnford grade seperated junctions..

50 A120 continuation to Stevenage Extension of A120 to Stevenage, including Standon bypass. Highway Improvements Proposed Long term High East-West

Independent of other A602 schemes and also takes into account whether improvements to A602 or other e/w route, e.g. Luton, Stevenage, Stortford/Stansted. This is a longer term A602 capacity upgrade scheme, however 71 A602 long term strategy if an alternative new east west link road from Stevenage to the A120 is progressed, the case for such a scheme Highway Improvements Proposed Short term Low East-West would be less. However there may still be a need for the current A602 improvement scheme and the Hooks Cross bypass as these would likely be required whatever the future role for the A602. Upgrade of A411 Watford-Bushey- Elstree-Borehamwood-Barnet The Stirling Corner roundabout currently experiences congestion, partly as a knock on effect of congestion 82 including Elstree southern bypass Highway Improvements Concept Medium term High East-West downstream within Greater London. and Stirling Corner grade separation

Metropolitan Line Extension Extension of the London Underground from Croxley to Watford Junction via Watford High 1 Rail Improvements Committed Medium term Very high M1/M25 (MLX) Street, with new stations at Cassiobridge and Watford Hospital.

Electric Assisted and Pedal Cycle Concept level scheme to facilitate more cycle trips within and between Watford, Hemel Hempstead and St 3 Hire in Watford, Hemel Albans. This scheme would involve the installation of docking points at key destinations within the three towns. Cycling/Walking ImprovementsConcept Medium term Low M1/M25 Hempstead and Electric bikes could be provided as an option to encourage inter-urban trips to be made by bike.

Redevelopment of Watford’s mainline station to provide an improved transport interchange. The scheme Watford Junction Interchange includes improvements to the station forecourt and interchange, a new rear station interchange and entrance 4 Highway / Rail Improvements Concept Medium term Medium M1/M25 Redevelopment facility, a new multi-storey station car park and the extension of Colonial Way to improve road access to the M1.

This scheme would involve improvements to the highway network to the north-east of Hemel Hempstead in Hemel Hempstead North-East 5 order to relieve congestion and support new development in the Maylands industrial area of Hemel Highway Improvements Concept, under considerationMedium term Medium M1/M25 Highway Capacity Improvements Hempstead.

Abbey Line (Watford to St Albans Proposed improvements to the Abbey Line (the Abbey Flyer) from Watford Junction to St Albans Abbey to 7 Rail Improvements Concept Medium term Medium M1/M25 Abbey) Improvements increase the frequency of the service, e.g. .

Improved connectivity between Concept level scheme to improve connectivity between St Albans Abbey rail station and St Albans City rail 8 St Albans Abbey and St Albans station, enabling faster and easier connections between the at St Alban's and the West Sustainable Transport ImprovementsConcept Medium term Medium M1/M25 City rail stations Coast Main Line at Watford, possibly through Transit (LRT) or Bus Rapid Transit (BRT).

Branch route of Crossrail 1 from Old Oak Common in west London to Watford Junction, Hemel Hempstead, Crossrail 1 to Watford Junction Berkhamsted and Tring, with a connection to the . Assumption that this will connect to 9 Rail Improvements Concept Medium term Very high M1/M25 and Tring the mainline somewhere around Willesdon Junction and Harlesden and Crossrail services will then utilise the existing mainline in Hertfordshire as far north as Tring Station (AECOM).

High Speed 2 (HS2) is a proposed high speed rail line between London and the West Midlands. The additional capacity provided by the line will release capacity on the West Coast Main Line, allowing more stopping High Speed 2 Phase 1 – West 10 services through Hertfordshire than operate at present. The opportunity is for all rail services on the West Rail Improvements Concept Medium term Very high M1/M25 Coast Main Line Opportunities Coast Main Line to stop at Watford Junction and for increased frequencies of commuter trains at Berkhamsted and Hemel Hempstead, following delivery of Phase 1 of HS2.

Improved connections to key destinations such as Sheffield and Nottingham following completion of Long Distance Rail Stopping 11 electrification of the Midland Main Line. This scheme would require lobbying for the reintroduction of stopping Rail Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium M1/M25 Services at St Albans services at St Albans.

Concept level scheme to accommodate forecast levels of traffic on the M1 through Hertfordshire. Highways 14 M1 Widening Highway Improvements Concept Long term Very high M1/M25 England forecasting to 2040 shows that the M1 through Hertfordshire will experience regular congestion.

Possible improvements could include converting the branch line into a light railway, guided busway, or 20 Abbey Line Conversion enhancing infrastructure to enable the delivery of a better heavy rail service. The improvement option pursued Sustainable Transport ImprovementsConcept Medium term High Cost M1/M25 should enable extension of the service at either end of the line.

Relocation of Hemel Hamstead 45 Relocate train station to improve access. Rail Improvements Concept Medium term Medium M1/M25 Train Station

A4147 Widening and Junction 61 Inter Urban Route Strategy (IURS) Scheme option. Highway Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium M1/M25 Improvements

62 Colonial Way Link Road IURS Scheme. Highway Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium M1/M25

Hemel Western and Northern 63 IURS Scheme. Highway Improvements Proposed Long term High M1/M25 Bypasses

Extend Luton & Dunstable 65 Busway to Harpenden & St Busway extension. Bus Improvements Proposed Medium term Medium M1/M25 Albans

66 West of St Albans Relief Road A link road between the A414 near Potterscrouch Lane and the A4147 to the west of St Albans. Highway Improvements Proposed Long term High M1/M25

Luton-Hemel Hempstead Public Travel patterns analysis has indicated a strong flow of journeys to work between Luton and Hemel Hempstead. Transport system - light rail, Providing access to Maylands would also form a key objective of this scheme. The corridor is currently not well 74 heavy rail or rapid bus including Sustainable Transport ImprovementsConcept Medium term High M1/M25 served by public transport and the M1 between J10 and J8 currently experiences severe congestion during peak connections to Luton Airport and periods. Maylands

Harpenden experiences congestion during peak periods. Furthermore, the A1081 acts as an alternative route to Harpenden Western Bypass - the M1 when it experiences congestion and incidents (between J10 and J6). A bypass link would free up 75 Highway Improvements Concept Medium term High M1/M25 A1081-A5183 Link capacity within Harpenden, therefore offering the opportunity to invest in improved infrastructure for cyclists and pedestrians accessing Harpenden station.

The A414 Breakspear Way experiences significant congestion during peak periods. The Maylands Growth Upgraded M1 Junction 8 + 76 Corridor Study has identified the need for an improvement to both relieve congestion and provide additional Highway Improvements Concept Medium term High M1/M25 Maylands Access capacity to enable growth in Maylands and east Hemel Hempstead.

A link road between M1 Junction 10 and the A5 near Caddington. The scheme would be largely outside of 81 M1 J10-A5 Link Highway Improvements Concept Medium term High M1/M25 Hertfordshire but could reduce traffic flows in Markyate.

Provision of more connections to enable full movements between the M1 and A41 which is currently 85 M1 Junction 4 - A41 connections Highway Improvements Concept Medium term M1/M25 restricted. Could relieve M1 Junction 5 and roads within Elstree and Borehamwood.

The existing junction layout does not meet design standards and experiences congestion during peak periods. 86 M1 upgraded Junction 6 This scheme would increase capacity and separate local and strategic traffic leading to a more efficient Highway Improvements Concept Medium term Medium M1/M25 network. The scheme would need to tie in with improvements being brought forward by Highways England. M1 partial closure of J9 - relocation to the south of This scheme would involve the creation of parallel links between the existing Junction 9 and the B487 south 87 Redbourne + northern gateway west of Redbourn. North-facing slip roads would be retained at Junction 9, however south-facing slips would Highway Improvements Concept Medium term M1/M25 access to Maylands and A5-M1 be relocated to a new Junction 8a connected to the B487. parallel links

A414T and A405 cycle Provision of inter-urban cycle links between Hemel Hempstead, St Albans and Bricket Wood alongside the A414 89 Sustainable Transport ImprovementsConcept Medium term M1/M25 'superhighway' and A405 corridors.

Provide a rail link between the Abbey Line and Midland Mainline in the Frogmore/Napsbury area, broadly along Abbey Line-Midland Main Line the alignment of an old freight line (long dismantled). Opportunity to provide greater connectivity and 90 Link - diverting Abbey Flyer interchange opportunities for longer distance trips between the West Coast Mainline and Midland Mainline. Rail Improvements Concept Medium term M1/M25 services to St Albans City Could be combined with a scheme to increase capacity on the Abbey Line to increase frequency, so some services could still be maintained to St Albans Abbey station.

Provide strategic rail interchange adjacent to the strategic road network to generate Park and Rail 91 M25 Rail Strategic Interchanges Rail Improvements Concept Medium term M1/M25 opportunities, e.g. at upgraded King's Langley station on WCML and new station at Colney St (MML).

Express bus service Hemel Bus priority or express bus service linking Hemel Hamstead train station to town centre and Maylands industrial 99 Bus Improvements Concept Short term Low M1/M25 Hempstead Station - Maylands area (short – medium term option to preclude no.95)

Concept level scheme to improve non-motorised access between the urban areas in south and central Improved East-West Inter-Urban 6 Hertfordshire (including Hemel Hempstead, Watford, St Albans, Hatfield, Welwyn Garden City and Hertford). Sustainable Transport ImprovementsConcept Medium term Medium M1/M25 & A1(M) Access (Non-Motorised) Walking & cycling.

South West and Central East-West passenger transport system (proposed BRT) linking urban areas in central Hertfordshire, including 12 Hertfordshire Passenger Transit Bus Improvements Concept Long term Very high M1/M25 & A1(M) Watford, Hemel Hempstead, St Albans and Hatfield. System

High Speed 2 (HS2) is a proposed high speed rail line from London to Birmingham and beyond, with Phase 2 proposed from the West Midlands to Leeds and Manchester. The additional capacity provided by Phase 2, if it High Speed 2 Phase 2 – Midland 13 goes ahead, will release capacity on the Midland Main Line, allowing more stopping services through Rail Improvements Concept Long term Very high M1/M25 & A1(M) Main Line Opportunities Hertfordshire than operate at present. The opportunity is for additional stopping services at St Albans and increased frequency and capacity for services from Radlett and Elstree and Borehamwood.

Concept level scheme to support the introduction of electric car clubs in Hertfordshire's largest urban areas. These car clubs should be point to point (users not required to return the car to their journey origin) to Point to Point Electric Car Clubs in encourage use of the vehicles for intra-urban trips and reduce the need for vehicle ownership within the most 36 Watford, Hemel Hempstead, Electric Car Concept Medium term Low M1/M25 & A1(M) dense urban areas. The delivery of this scheme would have to be preceded by the delivery of the Stevenage and St Albans comprehensive electric vehicle charging network, otherwise the cost of installing a charging network would have to be considered in addition to initial feasibility and start-up costs.

Hertfordshire Park and ride Introduction of park and ride schemes throughout Hertfordshire at towns such as St Albans, would include 41 Park & Ride Concept Medium term Medium M1/M25 & A1(M) schemes introduction of supporting parking schemes and bus links.

Walking and cycling improvements in Stevenage, St Albans, Watford and Hemel Hempstead. Also include some 52 Sustainable Travel Towns Sustainable Transport ImprovementsProposed Short term Low M1/M25 & A1(M) PT infrastructure.

Bus priority measures in Watford, St Albans, Hitchin, Letchworth and Stevenage. Could be based around Bus Priority Measures in Major 64 corridor/cluster approach or to link with other elements where investemnt being made - likely focus on larger Bus Improvements Proposed Short term Low M1/M25 & A1(M) Towns towns, but could also align with providing PT benefits at critical points to mitigate congestion.

Travel Patterns analysis has indicated movements between Herts and northern London Boroughs by car. Extension of London Extension of London Underground to Hertsmere (as had originally planned, and partly built, by LUL but Underground to 79 abandoned in the early to mid part of the last Century) provides opportunity for Herts residents to undertake Rail Improvements Concept Long term High M1/M25 & A1(M) Elstree/Borehamwood and short to medium distance trips by Underground rather than by car. Opportunity to provide improved bus, walk Potters Bar and cycle connections.

M1-A1 link south of This scheme would implement a link between the London Gateway Service Area and the Barnet Way bypass. 84 Borehamwood (from service area The existing grade separated junction is the missing M1 Junction 3. It could relieve pressure on roads in Highway Improvements Concept Medium term Medium M1/M25 & A1(M) to Barnet Bypass - Scratchwood) Hertfordshire, in particular the Elstree Crossroads and Stirling Corner.

Use of emerging technology of driverless pods to connect rail stations to major land uses or sites of Driverless pods to connect major 95 employment, e.g. connecting Hemel Hamsted rail station to the town centre and to the Maylands industrial New Technology Concept Medium term Medium M1/M25 & A1(M) land uses area

Capacity upgrades at Junctions Capacity upgrades at Junctions 23 and 21a on M25 to tackle current peak hour congestion (whilst these may 96 Highway Improvements Concept Medium term High M1/M25 & A1(M) 21a and 23 on M25 not be in Hertfordshire, they feed into the county)