DOCSLIB.ORG

Empires of Ancient Eurasia Craig Benjamin Index More Information

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Empires of Ancient Eurasia Craig Benjamin Index More Information Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-11496-8 — Empires of Ancient Eurasia Craig Benjamin Index More Information Index Achaemenid Persian Empire, 149 Aryan Language, 189 Adulis, 228 Ashoka, 154 Afanasevo,24 Assyrian Empire, 158 Afrasiab, 179 Atheas, 159 Age of Disunity, 241, 244, 261, 263, 264 Augustus, 120, 127, 129, 130 Aksu, 105 Augustus, 117, 131, 133, 138, 142, 144, Alai Valley, 139 146, 161, 162, 167, 170, 186, 194, 213, Alexander of Macedon, 151 225, 226, 227, 258, 278 Alexander Severus, 255, 256 Aurelius Victor, 258 Alexandria, 154 Avesta, 268 Alexandria on the Tigris, 229 Ammianus Marcellinus, 248, 272, 284 Bactra, 38, 75, 78, 84, 101, 108, 132, 137, Amu Darya, 37, 38, 68, 76, 98, 108, 139, 140 180, 183 Bactria, 75 Amyrgian Saka, 159 Bactrian Camel, 112 An Shigao, 157 Bai Yue, 232 Ancient Globalization, 12 Balikh River, 131 Andronovo,24 Ball, Warwick, 5 Angkor, 270 Ban Chao, 173, 182, 187 Angkor Thom, 270 Barbaricum, 219 Angkor Wat, 270 barracks-emperors, 259 Angra Mainyu, 267 Barygaza, 219 Annales group, 11 Basra, 229 Antigonids, 154 Battle of Cannae, 124 Antioch, 131, 133, 135, 166, 175, 284 Battle of Carrhae, 119, 161, 162 Antiochus IV, 230 Battle of Gaugamela, 153 Antiochus VII, 156 Battle of Hormozdgan, 250 Antonine Plague, 272 Battle of Naissus, 257 Antoninus, 164, 174, 272 Battle of Nihawand, 254 Anxi, 76 Battle of Philippi, 162 Apologos, 135, 229, 230, 231, Battle of Plataea, 152 Appian of Alexandria, 136, 284 Battle of the Milvian Bridge, 266 Arabian Peninsula, 226 Bay of Bengal, 206, 232 Ardashir, 198, 238, 245, 249, 250, 267 Begley, Vimala, 221 Arikamedu, 221 Begram Treasure, 200 Aristotle, 142 Belzoni, Giovanni, 215 Armenia, 150, 161, 163, 164, 166, Benares, 189 171, 255 Berenike, 215 Arsacid Dynasty, 155 Bet Dwarka, 219, 294 Arsinoe, 214 Big History, 6 Artabanos II, 159, 160 Bodhisattva Maitreya, 193, 195 Artavasdes, 161 Bombyx mori moth, 115 298 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-11496-8 — Empires of Ancient Eurasia Craig Benjamin Index More Information Index 299 Book of History, 115 curule chair, 186 Book of Rites, 115 Cyrus II, 149 Bronze Age, 21 Buddha Sakyamuni, 193 Damascus, 133 Buddhism, 260 Daoists, 53 Byzantine Empire, 14, 251, 253, 258 Dar al-Islam, 14, 238, 281 Byzantium, 266 Darius I, 149, 158, 209, 267 Daryae, Touraj, 251, 254, 268 Caligula, 144, 162 Dasht-i Nawar, 189 Cambodia, 270 dastkirt, 156 Cambyses, 149 Dayuan, 29, 72, 74, 85, 111, 168, 199 Camelus bactrianus, 112 de Crespigny, Rafe, 273 Cao Cao, 241 de la Vaissière, Etienne, 97, 110, 199, 235 Cao Pi, 241 Deccan Plateau, 206 Caracalla, 167, 174 Decius, 273 Caravanserai, 106 Delian League, 152 Carthage, 121, 122, 125, 273, 274, 285 Dereivka, 18 Cary, Max, 138 Dharma, 262 Cassius Dio, 119, 144 Dio Cassius, 186, 272 Celts, 159 Diocletian, 145, 167, 254, 259, 284 Chabur River, 131 Diodorus Siculus, 211, 284 Chandragupta, 247 Domestication of the Horse, 25 Chang Jian, 43 Domitian, 164 Chang’an, 5, 58, 60, 68, 71, 74, 76, 80, 89, Dong Zhongshu, 62 92, 93, 95, 97, 100, 102, 103, 106, 114, Dong Zhou, 240 117, 136, 140, 141, 187, 222, 226, 235, Dunhuang, 95, 100, 103, 104, 105 236, 239, 240, 242, 262, 278 Dura-Europos, 166, 251 Chao Cuo, 70 dvinavadhana, 210 Characene, 173, 228, 229, 230, 231, 293 Characene/Mesene, 230, 231 Early Han Dynasty, 57 Charax Spasinou, 229, 230, 231 East Asia, 43 chariot, 24 Eastern Han, 58, 240, 242 Charlesworth, Martin, 140 Eastern Jin, 242 Cherson, 159 Ebola, 272, 274 Christian Topography, 251, 252, 287 Ecbatana, 131, 156, 160 Christianity, 265 Edict of Maximum Prices, 145 Cimmerians, 158 Egyptian civilization, 208 Claudius, 137, 162, 257, 274, 285 Emperor Diocletian, 266 Claudius Gothicus, 274 Emperor Huan, 174, 240 Cleopatra, 213 Emperor Wudi, 60 Coa Vestis, 142 Empress Leizu, 114 Cobb, Matthew, 213, 216, 217 Eohippus, 26 coloni, 258 Epitome de T. Livio Bellorum, 170 Commodus, 167 equal field system, 244 composite bow, 30 Equus, 27 Confucianism, 52 Erbil, 167 Confucius, 52 Erdkamp, P., 223 Constantine, 255, 259, 266 Erlitou, 46 Constantinople, 266 Erythraean Sea, 212 Cos, 142 Essenes, 265 Cosmas Indicopleustes, 251, 252, 287 Eucratides, 183 Cribb, Joe, 186, 193 Euphrates River, 131, 161, 166, 229, 251 Crisis of the Third Century, 254 Eurasian steppe, 18 Ctesiphon, 156, 166, 167, 173, 228, 250, Euthydemus, 183 251, 252, 254, 255 Eutropius, 258 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-11496-8 — Empires of Ancient Eurasia Craig Benjamin Index More Information 300 Index Faxien, 179 Hedi, 240 Ferghana Valley, 37, 72, 77, 85, 108, Hedin, Sven, 4 139, 159 Heliocles, 183 Fitzpatrick, Matthew, 225 Hephthalites, 177, 189, 248 Flavian Dynasty, 163 Hepu, 234 Funan, 270 heqin,69 Hermaeus, 183 Gaius Marius, 126 Hermapollon, 224 Galen, 273, 291 Hexi Corridor, 100, 103, 104 Gallic Empire, 257 Hindu Kush, 107, 108, 183, 185, 223, Gallienus, 255 246, 248 Gallus, 273 Hinduism, 269 Gan Ying, 173, 228 Hippalos, 210 Gandhara, 14, 181, 193, 194, 195, 235, Hisar Valley, 139 291, 292 Historia Augusta, 258 Gansu Corridor, 35 History of the World Conqueror,32 Gaza, 133, 226, 231 homo erectus,98 General Cheng Chi, 86 Horace, 142 General Guo Chang, 84 Hou Han Shu, 157, 173 General Huo Qubing, 78, 81 Howgego, Christopher, 225 General Li Guang, 79 Huang He, 43 General Li Guangli, 85 Huhanye, 94 General Meng Tan, 55 Huvishka, 192, 197, 198, 246 General Wei Qing, 78 Hyspaosines, 230, 286 General Zhao Ponu, 84 gers, 19 Ili River valley, 37 Gibbon, Edward, 163 Indo-European, 22 Gilgit Valley, 110 Indo-European languages, 23 Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, 127 Indo-Parthians, 182 goldilocks conditions, 7 Indus Civilization, 208 Gondophares, 184, 185 Indus Valley, 36, 44, 91, 140, 186, 200, Goths, 256 208, 222, 223, 235, 236, 248, 253 Great Colonnade., 136 International Hydrographic Great Indian Road, 75 Organization, 206 Great Kushans, 190 Iranian Plateau, 91, 108, 148, 149, 156, Great Wall of China, 54 208, 229 Greco-Bactrian kingdom, 180, 183, 249 Isidorus of Charax, 130 Gregory the Miracle-worker, 266 Grumbat, 248 Jade Gate, 100, 103, 118, 284, 290 Guangzhou, 234, 235, 290 Jennings, Justin, 13 Guanzi,93 Jesus Christ, 265 Gui, 37 Jin Dynasty, 242 Guishuang, 182 Jingdi, 70 Gulf of Aqaba, 227, 231 Jiuquan, 82, 84, 85, 103 Gulf of Kutch, 219 Julio-Claudian Age, 142 Gulf of Suez, 214, 227 Julio-Claudian Emperors, 265 Guptas, 177, 191, 247, 248 Julius Caesar, 127 Juvaini, Ata-Malik, 32 Hadrian, 133, 164, 166, 170 Han Dynasty, 57 Kampyr Tepe, 183 Han Shu,35 Kandahar, 132 Hanging Pass, 109 Kangju, 74 Hannibal, 122, 123, 124, 125, Kanishka I, 179, 188, 190, 191, 192, 203, Harper, Kyle, 274 246, 288 Heavenly Horses of Dayuan, 72 Kanishka II, 245 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-11496-8 — Empires of Ancient Eurasia Craig Benjamin Index More Information Index 301 Kanishka III, 246 Malay Peninsula, 270 Kapisa, 180 Maldives, 232 Karachi, 219 Mandate of Heaven, 50 Karakoram Highway, 108, 110 Manesus, 171 Karakorum, 36, 107, 108, 109, 111, 199, Manichaeism, 269 223, 235 maniples, 121 karez, 99, 100, 105 Marathon, 152 Kashgar, 104, 105, 108, 110, 139, 140, Marcus Aurelius, 164, 166, 167, 174, 272 186, 199 Marinus of Tyre, 4, 137 Khalchayan, 180, 182, 183, 184, 293 Mathura, 14, 181, 189, 193, 194, 197, 246 Khotan, 105, 186, 288 Mauryan Dynasty, 154 Khunjerab Pass, 109 Mauryan Empire, 191, 209, 247 Khusro I, 251, 252, 253 mawsim, 206 Khyber Pass, 222 Maximinus I, 255 Kidara II, 248 Medes, 149 Kidarites, 177, 248, Mehendale, Sanjyot, 201 Kingdom of Aksum, 214 Merv, 108, 131, 137, 140, 159, 160, 161 Kings Canal, 131 Merychippus, 27 Kipunda, 246 Mesohippus, 26 Kong Fuzi, 52 Militarized Nomads, 29 Kopet Dag, 149, 156 Millar, Fergus, 131, 132, 226 Krishna River, 225 Miohippus, 26 Kucha, 105 Miran, 105, 195 Kujula Kadphises, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, Mithraism, 142 190, 221, 235, 249 Mithridates I, 156, 169, 230 Kumarajiva, 262 Mithridates II, 76, 160, 230 Kunlun Massif, 77, 105, 106 Modu, 34 kurgany,21 Mogao, 95, 104 Kushan Empire, 176 monsoon, 206 Kushanshar, 245 Muza, 226 Muziris, 205, 217, 218, 219, 220, 224 Lahore, 224 Muziris Papyrus, 224, 225, 282, 294 Lake Baikal, 83 Myos Hormos, 216 Lake Issyk Kul, 37 Lake Trasimene, 124 Naghas, 246 Later Han Dynasty, 58, 239 Nahapana, 219, 223 latifundia, 167 Nalanda, 248 Legalism, 53 Nanjing, 242, 263 Lelang, 64 Nanyue, 64, 233, 234 Leuke Kome, 226 Narain, A.K., 93, 190, 246 Li Ying, 240 Neapolis, 131 Lingdi, 240 Nerva, 163, 164 Liu Bang, 57, 58, 59, 60, 63, 69, 102, 239 Nerva-Antonine Dynasty, 163 Liu Xiu, 66, 239, 240 Nestorians, 266, 267 logographic script, 48 Nestorius, 266 Longmen, 263 Nile River, 208, 209, 214, 215 Longshan culture, 46 Nirvana, 262 Lop Nur, 103, 195 Nisibis, 164 Lucius Annaeus Florus, 119, 170 Noin-Ula, 33 Lucius Cornelius Sulla, 126, 161 Northern Qi Dynasty, 244 Lucius Verus, 164 Northern Wei Dynasty, 244 Northern Zhou Dynasty, 244 Macrinus, 167 Maes Titianus, 138, 140, 293 Octavian, 127 Maghas, 246 Odaenathus, 257 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-11496-8 — Empires of Ancient Eurasia Craig Benjamin Index More Information 302 Index Ohrmazd, 267, 268 Qijia Culture, 45 Olsen, Kelly, 145 Qin Dynasty, 53 Omana, 231, Quseir al-Quadim, 216 Oracle bones, 47 Orobazus, 161 Rabatak, 177, 188, 189, 190, 203, 288 Oroses I, 164 Rezakhani, Khodadad, 5 Ovid, 142 Rhapta, 226 Oxus, 37 Royal Road, 150 Royal Scythians, 157 Pacorus II, 173 Rubicon River, 127
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Beta Samati: Discovery and Excavation of an Aksumite Town Michael J
    Beta Samati: discovery and excavation of an Aksumite town Michael J. Harrower1,*, Ioana A. Dumitru1, Cinzia Perlingieri2, Smiti Nathan3,Kifle Zerue4, Jessica L. Lamont5, Alessandro Bausi6, Jennifer L. Swerida7, Jacob L. Bongers8, Helina S. Woldekiros9, Laurel A. Poolman1, Christie M. Pohl10, Steven A. Brandt11 & Elizabeth A. Peterson12 The Empire of Aksum was one of Africa’smost influential ancient civilisations. Traditionally, most archaeological fieldwork has focused on the capital city of Aksum, but recent research at the site of Beta Samati has investigated a contempor- aneous trade and religious centre located between AksumandtheRedSea.Theauthorsoutlinethe discovery of the site and present important finds from the initial excavations, including an early basilica, inscriptions and a gold intaglio ring. From daily life and ritual praxis to international trade, this work illuminates the role of Beta Samati as an administrative centre and its signifi- cance within the wider Aksumite world. Keywords: Africa, Ethiopia, Aksum, ancient trade, ancient states 1 Department of Near Eastern Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Gilman 113, 3400 North Charles Street, Balti- more, MD 21218, USA 2 Center for Digital Archaeology, 555 Northgate #270, San Rafael, CA 94903, USA 3 Life Design Lab, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA 4 Archaeology and Heritage Management, P.O. Box 1010, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia 5 Department of Classics, Yale University, 344 College Street, P.O. Box 208266, New Haven, CT 06520,
    [Show full text]
  • The Call of the Siren: Bod, Baútisos, Baîtai, and Related Names (Studies in Historical Geography II)
    The Call of the Siren: Bod, Baútisos, Baîtai, and Related Names (Studies in Historical Geography II) Bettina Zeisler (Universität Tübingen) 1. Introduction eographical or ethnical names, like ethnical identities, are like slippery fishes: one can hardly catch them, even less, pin them G down for ever. The ‘Germans’, for example, are called so only by English speakers. The name may have belonged to a tribe in Bel- gium, but was then applied by the Romans to various tribes of North- ern Europe.1 As a tribal or linguistic label, ‘German (ic)’ also applies to the English or to the Dutch, the latter bearing in English the same des- ignation that the Germans claim for themselves: ‘deutsch’. This by the way, may have meant nothing but ‘being part of the people’.2 The French call them ‘Allemands’, just because one of the many Germanic – and in that case, German – tribes, the Allemannen, settled in their neighbourhood. The French, on the other hand, are called so, because a Germanic and, in that case again, German tribe, the ‘Franken’ (origi- nally meaning the ‘avid’, ‘audacious’, later the ‘free’ people) moved into France, and became the ruling elite.3 The situation is similar or even worse in other parts of the world. Personal names may become ethnic names, as in the case of the Tuyu- hun. 4 Names of neighbouring tribes might be projected onto their overlords, as in the case of the Ḥaža, who were conquered by the Tuyuhun, the latter then being called Ḥaža by the Tibetans. Ethnic names may become geographical names, but then, place names may travel along with ethnic groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Bronze Age Settlement Patterns and the Development of Complex Societies in the Southern Ural Steppes (3500-1400 Bc)
    BRONZE AGE SETTLEMENT PATTERNS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLEX SOCIETIES IN THE SOUTHERN URAL STEPPES (3500-1400 BC) by Denis V. Sharapov, PhD B.S., University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, 2006 M.A., Georgia State University, 2008 M.A., Georgia State University, 2011 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2017 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Denis V. Sharapov It was defended on April 14, 2017 and approved by Francis Allard, Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania Loukas Barton, Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh Marc Bermann, Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh Dissertation Advisor: Robert D. Drennan, Distinguished Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh ii Copyright © by Denis V. Sharapov 2017 iii BRONZE AGE SETTLEMENT PATTERNS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLEX SOCIETIES IN THE SOUTHERN URAL STEPPES (3500-1400 BC) Denis V. Sharapov, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2017 The ethnohistorical record of the Eurasian steppes points to the long-term predominance of extensive herding economies, associated with low population densities and high levels of geographic mobility. Consequently, investigations of early forms of complex socio-political organization in this region have thus far been primarily focused on Bronze Age (ca. 3500 - 1000 BC) funerary and ceremonial monuments, which presumably served as aggregation points for dispersed populations. When it comes to settlement pattern evidence, researchers claim that traditional models of regional-scale demographic organization, developed in the context of settled societies, cannot be applied to the early complex communities of the steppes.
    [Show full text]
  • (Sinoloji) Anabilim Dali
    TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ DOĞU DİLLERİ VE EDEBİYATLARI (SİNOLOJİ) ANABİLİM DALI ÇİN KAYNAKLARINDA TANG HANEDANLIĞI DÖNEMİ ANXİ (KUÇA) GENEL VALİLİĞİ VE ANTİK İPEK YOLU’NA ETKİLERİ Doktora Tezi Sema GÖKENÇ GÜLEZ Ankara – 2019 TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ DOĞU DİLLERİ VE EDEBİYATLARI (SİNOLOJİ) ANABİLİM DALI ÇİN KAYNAKLARINDA TANG HANEDANLIĞI DÖNEMİ ANXİ (KUÇA) GENEL VALİLİĞİ VE ANTİK İPEK YOLU’NA ETKİLERİ Doktora Tezi Sema GÖKENÇ GÜLEZ Tez Danışmanı Doç. Dr. İnci ERDOĞDU Ankara – 2019 ÖNSÖZ Tang Hanedanlığı Çin’in altın çağını yaşadığı ve aynı zamanda doğu ve batı arasında etkileşimlerin yaşandığı bir dönem olmuştur. Söz konusu dönemde hanedanlık stratejik konuma sahip olan Batı Bölgesi politikasında önemli stratejiler izleyerek bazı tedbirler almıştır. Nitekim Tang Hanedanlığı’nın Batı Bölgesi’nde izlediği en önemli strateji Qiuci (Kuça) merkez olmak üzere kurduğu Anxi Genel Valilik birimi olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, Tang Hanedanlığı döneminde Batı Bölgesi’nde kurulan Anxi Genel Valilik birimi ve altında kurulan Anxi Dört Garnizon yapısının kapsamı, kuruluş amaçları ve Batı Bölgesi’ndeki faaliyetleri ile sonuçları ele alınacaktır. Aynı zamanda Tang Hanedanlığı’nın bölgede Anxi Genel Valilik birimini kurması doğrultusunda aldığı önlemlerin antik İpek Yolu’na etkileri incelenecektir. Tez çalışmam süresince yardımını esirgemeyerek destek olan danışman hocam sayın Doç. Dr. İnci Erdoğdu’ya teşekkürlerimi sunar, lisansüstü çalışmalarım süresince her türlü konuda destek olan ve deneyimlerini paylaşan sayın hocam Prof. Dr. Bülent Okay’a teşekkür ederim. Ayrıca doktora tez araştırması yapmak üzere bir yıllık süre ile bulunduğum Shanghai Fudan Üniversitesi’nde tez çalışma ve araştırmalarım ile kaynak tedariki konusunda yardımcı olan sayın Prof. Dr. Han Sheng hocama ve tez araştırmalarım konusunda değerli fikirlerini benimle paylaşan sayın Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • SESSIONS ONE and TWO.Qxp
    Coins, Banknotes and Historical Medals To be sold by auction at: Sotheby’s, in the Upper Grosvenor Gallery The Aeolian Hall, Bloomfield Place New Bond Street London W1A 2AA Days of Sale: Tuesday 29 November 2011 at 10.00 am and 2.00 pm Wednesday 30 November 2011 at 10.00 am Public viewing: 45 Maddox Street, London W1S 2PE Thursday 24 November 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Friday 25 November 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Monday 28 November 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Or by previous appointment. Catalogue no. 52 Price £15 Enquiries: James Morton, Stephen Lloyd, Tom Eden, Paul Wood, Jeremy Cheek Cover illustrations: Lot 9 (front); lot 562 (back); lot 1031 (inside front cover) in association with 45 Maddox Street, London W1S 2PE Tel.: +44 (0)20 7493 5344 Fax: +44 (0)20 7495 6325 Email: [email protected] Website: www.mortonandeden.com This auction is conducted by Morton & Eden Ltd. in accordance with our Conditions of Business printed at the back of this catalogue. All questions and comments relating to the operation of this sale or to its content should be addressed to Morton & Eden Ltd. and not to Sotheby’s. Online Bidding Morton & Eden Ltd offer an online bidding service via www.the-saleroom.com. This is provided on the understanding that Morton & Eden Ltd shall not be responsible for errors or failures to execute internet bids for reasons including but not limited to: i) a loss of internet connection by either party; ii) a breakdown or other problems with the online bidding software; iii) a breakdown or other problems with your computer, system or internet connection.
    [Show full text]
  • The Politics of Parthian Coinage in Media
    The Politics of Parthian Coinage in Media Author(s): Farhang Khademi Nadooshan, Seyed Sadrudin Moosavi, Frouzandeh Jafarzadeh Pour Reviewed work(s): Source: Near Eastern Archaeology, Vol. 68, No. 3, Archaeology in Iran (Sep., 2005), pp. 123-127 Published by: The American Schools of Oriental Research Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25067611 . Accessed: 06/11/2011 07:31 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The American Schools of Oriental Research is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Near Eastern Archaeology. http://www.jstor.org The Parthians (174 BCE-224CE) suc- , The coins discussed here are primarily from ceeded in the the Lorestan Museum, which houses the establishing longest jyj^' in the ancient coins of southern Media.1 However, lasting empire J0^%^ 1 Near East.At its Parthian JF the coins of northern Media are also height, ^S^ considered thanks to the collection ruleextended Anatolia to M from ^^^/;. housed in the Azerbaijan Museum theIndus and the Valley from Ef-'?S&f?'''' in the city of Tabriz. Most of the Sea to the Persian m Caspian ^^^/// coins of the Azerbaijan Museum Farhang Khademi Gulf Consummate horsemen el /?/ have been donated by local ^^ i Nadooshan, Seyed indigenoustoCentral Asia, the ? people and have been reported ?| ?????J SadrudinMoosavi, Parthians achieved fame for Is u1 and documented in their names.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplied Through the Parthians) from the 1St Century BC, Even Though the Romans Thought Silk Was Obtained from Trees
    Chinese Silk in the Roman Empire Trade with the Roman Empire followed soon, confirmed by the Roman craze for Chinese silk (supplied through the Parthians) from the 1st century BC, even though the Romans thought silk was obtained from trees: The Seres (Chinese), are famous for the woolen substance obtained from their forests; after a soaking in water they comb off the white down of the leaves... So manifold is the labor employed, and so distant is the region of the globe drawn upon, to enable the Roman maiden to flaunt transparent clothing in public. -(Pliny the Elder (23- 79, The Natural History) The Senate issued, in vain, several edicts to prohibit the wearing of silk, on economic and moral grounds: the importation of Chinese silk caused a huge outflow of gold, and silk clothes were considered to be decadent and immoral: I can see clothes of silk, if materials that do not hide the body, nor even one's decency, can be called clothes... Wretched flocks of maids labour so that the adulteress may be visible through her thin dress, so that her husband has no more acquaintance than any outsider or foreigner with his wife's body. -(Seneca the Younger (c. 3 BCE- 65 CE, Declamations Vol. I) The Roman historian Florus also describes the visit of numerous envoys, included Seres (perhaps the Chinese), to the first Roman Emperor Augustus, who reigned between 27 BCE and 14 CE: Even the rest of the nations of the world which were not subject to the imperial sway were sensible of its grandeur, and looked with reverence to the Roman people, the great conqueror of nations.
    [Show full text]
  • Opening Essential Questions? Lesson Objectives
    Silk Road Curriculum Project 2018-2019 Ingrid Herskind Title of Lesson Plan: Silk Road: Cartography and Trade in Ancient and Modern China Ingrid Herskind, Flintridge Prep School, La Canada, CA Lesson Overview: Students will explore the “Silk Road” trade networks by investigating a route, mapping the best path, and portraying a character who navigated the route. Opening essential questions? How did the Silk Road routes represent an early version of worldwide integration and development? How does China’s modern One Belt, One Road project use similar routes and methodologies as the earlier Silk Road project? How is this modern project different? Lesson Objectives: Students will be able to: Students will also apply skills from the Global Competence Matrix and will: • Investigate the world beyond their immediate environment by identifying an issue, generating a question, and explaining its significance locally, regionally, and globally. • Recognize their own and others’ perspectives by understanding the influences that impact those perspectives. • Communicate their ideas effectively with diverse audiences by realizing how their ideas and delivery can be perceived. • Translate their ideas and findings into appropriate actions to improve conditions and to create opportunities for personal and collaborative action. 1 1 World Savvy, Global Competence Matrix, Council of Chief State School Officers’ EdSteps Project in partnership with the Asia Society Partnership for Global Learning, 2010 1 Silk Road Curriculum Project 2018-2019 Ingrid Herskind Length of Project: This lesson as designed to take place over 2-3 days (periods are either 45 min or 77 min) in 9th Grade World History. Grade Level: High School (gr 9) World History, variation in International Relations 12th grade Historical Context: • China was a key player in the networks that crossed from one continent to another.
    [Show full text]
  • M. Witzel (2003) Sintashta, BMAC and the Indo-Iranians. a Query. [Excerpt
    M. Witzel (2003) Sintashta, BMAC and the Indo-Iranians. A query. [excerpt from: Linguistic Evidence for Cultural Exchange in Prehistoric Western Central Asia] (to appear in : Sino-Platonic Papers 129) Transhumance, Trickling in, Immigration of Steppe Peoples There is no need to underline that the establishment of a BMAC substrate belt has grave implications for the theory of the immigration of speakers of Indo-Iranian languages into Greater Iran and then into the Panjab. By and large, the body of words taken over into the Indo-Iranian languages in the BMAC area, necessarily by bilingualism, closes the linguistic gap between the Urals and the languages of Greater Iran and India. Uralic and Yeneseian were situated, as many IIr. loan words indicate, to the north of the steppe/taiga boundary of the (Proto-)IIr. speaking territories (§2.1.1). The individual IIr. languages are firmly attested in Greater Iran (Avestan, O.Persian, Median) as well as in the northwestern Indian subcontinent (Rgvedic, Middle Vedic). These materials, mentioned above (§2.1.) and some more materials relating to religion (Witzel forthc. b) indicate an early habitat of Proto- IIr. in the steppes south of the Russian/Siberian taiga belt. The most obvious linguistic proofs of this location are the FU words corresponding to IIr. Arya "self-designation of the IIr. tribes": Pre-Saami *orja > oarji "southwest" (Koivulehto 2001: 248), ārjel "Southerner", and Finnish orja, Votyak var, Syry. ver "slave" (Rédei 1986: 54). In other words, the IIr. speaking area may have included the S. Ural "country of towns" (Petrovka, Sintashta, Arkhaim) dated at c.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article High-Resolution Elevation Model of Lop Nur Playa Derived from Tandem-X
    Hindawi Journal of Sensors Volume 2019, Article ID 6839703, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6839703 Research Article High-Resolution Elevation Model of Lop Nur Playa Derived from TanDEM-X Yuyang Geng ,1,2,3 Yun Shao ,1,2 Tingting Zhang ,1,3 Huaze Gong,1,3 and Lan Yang4 Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, , China University of Chinese Academy of Science, , China Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties, Deqing Academy of Satellite Applications, , China China University of Geosciences, , China Correspondence should be addressed to Tingting Zhang; [email protected] Received 15 February 2019; Revised 30 May 2019; Accepted 10 July 2019; Published 18 August 2019 Guest Editor: Hyung-Sup Jung Copyright © 2019 Yuyang Geng et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In this paper, a digital elevation model (DEM) was produced for Lop Nur playa produced with the data from TanDEM-X mission. 2 Te spatial resolution is 10 m. It covers an area of 38,000 km for orthometric height from 785 m to 900 m above sea level, which is composed of 42 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) scenes. A least-square adjustment approach was used to reduce the systematic errors in each DEM scene. Te DEM produced was validated with data from other sensors including Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) and aerial Structure-from-Motion (SfM) DEM.
    [Show full text]
  • Conflict Prevention in the Greater Horn of Africa
    UNITED STATES INSTITUTE OF PEACE Simulation on Conflict Prevention in the Greater Horn of Africa This simulation, while focused around the Ethiopia-Eritrea border conflict, is not an attempt to resolve that conflict: the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) already has a peace plan on the table to which the two parties in conflict have essentially agreed. Rather, participants are asked, in their roles as representatives of OAU member states, to devise a blueprint for preventing the Ethiopian-Eritrean conflict from spreading into neighboring countries and consuming the region in even greater violence. The conflict, a great concern particularly for Somalia and Sudan where civil wars have raged for years, has thrown regional alliances into confusion and is increasingly putting pressure on humanitarian NGOs and other regional parties to contain the conflict. The wars in the Horn of Africa have caused untold death and misery over the past few decades. Simulation participants are asked as well to deal with the many refugees and internally displaced persons in the Horn of Africa, a humanitarian crisis that strains the economies – and the political relations - of the countries in the region. In their roles as OAU representatives, participants in this intricate simulation witness first-hand the tremendous challenge of trying to obtain consensus among multiple actors with often competing agendas on the tools of conflict prevention. Simulation on Conflict Prevention in the Greater Horn of Africa Simulation on Conflict Prevention in the Greater Horn
    [Show full text]
  • De Paris Au Tonkin À Travers Le Tibet Inconnu, Étude D'un Voyage D
    Diplôme national de master Domaine - sciences humaines et sociales Mention - histoire civilisation patrimoine Parcours - cultures de l’écrit et de l’image De Paris au Tonkin à travers le Tibet inconnu, étude d’un voyage d’exploration en Asie centrale à la fin du XIXe siècle par l’explorateur Gabriel Bonvalot. Mémoire 2 professionnel / Août 2019 Août / professionnel 2 Mémoire Duranseaud Maxime Sous la direction de Philippe Martin Professeur d’histoire moderne – Université Lyon 2 Remerciements Merci à Mr Philippe Martin d’avoir accepté de diriger ce mémoire et de m’avoir guidé dans ma réflexion pendant ces deux années de master. Merci aussi à Mme Cristina Cramerotti et au personnel de la bibliothèque du Musée des Arts Asiatiques Guimet pour m’avoir permis de passer quatre mois de stage particulièrement agréables et instructifs, mais aussi d’avoir largement facilité mes recherches documentaires notamment grâce à un accès privilégié aux ouvrages que renferment les magasins de la bibliothèque. Sans cela, il aurait été bien plus compliqué pour moi de réaliser ce mémoire. Encore une fois merci beaucoup. 2 Résumé : Il s’agit d’une étude du voyage de l’explorateur Gabriel Bonvalot, réalisé entre 1889 et 1890 en Asie Centrale, plus précisément dans la région du Xinjiang Chinois et du Tibet, dans un périple qui le fera traverser le Continent Eurasiatique depuis le nord-est jusqu’à l’extrême sud-ouest. Le récit qui résultera de ce voyage : « De Paris au Tonkin à travers le Tibet inconnu » raconte le parcours de l’expédition et nous servira ici de source principale.
    [Show full text]