INTERNATIONAL VOICE for BALUCH MISSING PERSONS Registration No: 802454-8250
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I Leaders of Pakistan Movement, Vol.I
NIHCR Leadersof PakistanMovement-I Editedby Dr.SajidMehmoodAwan Dr.SyedUmarHayat National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research Centre of Excellence, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad - Pakistan 2018 Leaders of Pakistan Movement Papers Presented at the Two-Day International Conference, April 7-8, 2008 Vol.I (English Papers) Sajid Mahmood Awan Syed Umar Hayat (Eds.) National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research Centre of Excellence, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad – Pakistan 2018 Leaders of Pakistan Movement NIHCR Publication No.200 Copyright 2018 All rights reserved. No part of this publication be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing from the Director, National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research, Centre of Excellence, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad. Enquiries concerning reproduction should be sent to NIHCR at the address below: National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research Centre of Excellence, New Campus, Quaid-i-Azam University P.O. Box 1230, Islamabad-44000. Tel: +92-51-2896153-54; Fax: +92-51-2896152 Email: [email protected] or [email protected] Website: www.nihcr.edu.pk Published by Muhammad Munir Khawar, Publication Officer Formatted by \ Title by Khalid Mahmood \ Zahid Imran Printed at M/s. Roohani Art Press, Sohan, Express Way, Islamabad Price: Pakistan Rs. 600/- SAARC countries: Rs. 1000/- ISBN: 978-969-415-132-8 Other countries: US$ 15/- Disclaimer: Opinions and views expressed in the papers are those of the contributors and should not be attributed to the NIHCR in any way. Contents Preface vii Foreword ix Introduction xi Paper # Title Author Page # 1. -
Defenders of Human Rights in Balochistan in Need of Defence
Defenders of human rights in Balochistan in need of defence Angelika Pathak August 2011 List of contents 1. Attacks on newspapers, electronic media and abuses of individual journalists in Balochistan 1.1 Newspapers and electronic media 1.2 Abuses of individual journalists a. Arbitrary detention of journalists b. Harassment and ill-treatment of journalists c. Journalists subjected to enforced disappearance and extrajudicial execution d. Journalists subjected to enforced disappearance and released, reports of torture e. Journalists subjected to targeted killing f. Journalists inadequately protected while covering violence 2. Human rights abuses inflicted on lawyers in Balochistan 3. Human rights abuses inflicted on human rights activists in Balochistan 4. Recommendations to the Federal Government of Pakistan and the Provincial Government of Balochistan Executive summary Human rights defenders, i.e. persons who uncover human rights violations, bring them to public knowledge and campaign for redress for victims through peaceful and non-violent means, were in December 1998 placed been under the special protection of the international community when the General Assembly adopted the UN Declaration on Human Rights Defenders. It was the first UN instrument that explicitly recognizes the importance and legitimacy of the work of human rights defenders and lays down their right to effective protection. This commitment has not been honoured in Balochistan. Human rights defenders - be they journalists investigating and documenting wrongdoings of state agents, lawyers representing victims of human rights abuses in court or human rights activists campaigning to end human rights violations – have been subjected to a range of human rights violations themselves. They have been harassed, arbitrarily arrested and detained, subjected to enforced disappearance, torture and extrajudicial killings. -
Gulawar KHAN 2014.Pdf
WestminsterResearch http://www.westminster.ac.uk/research/westminsterresearch Politics of nationalism, federalism, and separatism: The case of Balochistan in Pakistan Gulawar Khan Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities This is an electronic version of a PhD thesis awarded by the University of Westminster. © The Author, 2014. This is an exact reproduction of the paper copy held by the University of Westminster library. The WestminsterResearch online digital archive at the University of Westminster aims to make the research output of the University available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the authors and/or copyright owners. Users are permitted to download and/or print one copy for non-commercial private study or research. Further distribution and any use of material from within this archive for profit-making enterprises or for commercial gain is strictly forbidden. Whilst further distribution of specific materials from within this archive is forbidden, you may freely distribute the URL of WestminsterResearch: (http://westminsterresearch.wmin.ac.uk/). In case of abuse or copyright appearing without permission e-mail [email protected] POLITICS OF NATIONALISM, FEDERALISM, AND SEPARATISM: THE CASE OF BALOCHISTAN IN PAKISTAN GULAWAR KHAN A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Westminster for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2014 Author’s declaration This thesis is carried out as per the guidelines and regulations of the University of Westminster. I hereby declare that the materials contained in this thesis have not been previously submitted for a degree in any other university, including the University of Westminster. -
Astola Island – First Marine Protected Area in Pakistan
The designation of geographical entities in this book and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of International Union for Conserva-tion of Nature (IUCN) or Mangroves for the Future (MFF) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN or Mangroves for the Future, nor does citing of trade names or commercial processes constitute endorse-ment. IUCN and Mangroves for the Future do not take responsibility for errors or omissions in this document resulting from translation into languages other than English (or vice versa). Produced by Mangroves for the Future with the co-financial support of Sida, Norad, Danida, the Royal Norwegian Embassy in Thailand and Waitt Foundation. Published by: Mangroves for the Future, Pakistan Copyright: © 2018 MFF, Mangroves for the Future, Pakistan Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorised without prior written permission from the copyright holder, provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. Citation: MFF Pakistan (2018). Astola Island – First Marine Protected Area in Pakistan. MFF Pakistan, Pakistan. 92 pp. Compiled by: Naveed Ali Soomro, IUCN Pakistan Ramsha Gohar, IUCN Pakistan Peer Review by: Ghullam Qadir Shah, Abdul Munaf Qaimkhani Edited by: Asif Ali and Zabreen Hassan Cover photo: Eckova Productions Design: Azhar Saeed, IUCN Pakistan Printing by: VM Printers (Pvt) Ltd. -
Balochis of Pakistan: on the Margins of History
BALOCHIS OF PAKISTAN: ON THE MARGINS OF HISTORY November 2006 First published in 2006 by The Foreign Policy Centre 23-28 Penn Street London N1 5DL www.fpc.org.uk Email: [email protected] © Foreign Policy Centre 2006 All rights reserved ISBN-13: 978-1-905833-08-5 ISBN-10: 1-905833-08-3 PREFACE The Foreign Policy Centre is keen to promote debate about some of the worlds lesser known conflicts. The situation in Balochistan is one such example. This pamphlet sets out a powerful and well argued case that the Balochi people have been let down - by the British Empire, by the founders of modern India and by successive Governments in Pakistan. It is a fascinating analysis which we hope will contribute to constructive discussion about Balochistans future. The Foreign Policy Centre Disclaimer : The views in this paper are not necessarily those of the Foreign Policy Centre. CONTENTS Baloch and Balochistan through History A Brief Prologue The Khanate of Kalat: Between Dependency and Sovereignty The Colonial Era: The British Policy of Divide et Empera Boundary Demarcation and Trifurcation of Baloch Terrain Pakistan absorbs the Khanate Partition and the Annexation of Balochistan The Indian Position Baloch Insurgencies 1948-1977 First Guerrilla Revolt The Second Revolt Third Balochi Resistance: The 1970s The State of Nationalist Politics Today Signifiers of Balochi Nationalism a) Language b) Islam c) Sardari System d) Aversion towards Punjabi and Pathan Immigration The Post-1980 Phase The Contemporary Socio-Political Scenario in Balochistan Influence of Jihad in Afghanistan Does Islam blunt Baloch nationalism? The Baloch Resistance Movement 2000-2006 The state of Baloch Insurgency Human Rights Violations Killing of Nawab Bugti Causes of Baloch Disaffection a) Richest in Resources, Yet the Poorest Province b) Lack of Representation c) The case for Autonomy d) Development as Colonisation The Future The Weaknesses The Road Ahead Endnotes ABSTRACT The Balochis, like the Kurds, their cousins from Aleppo, do not have a sovereign state of their own. -
E:\NIHCR Resource Centre\Urdu Journal\54
j_¨÷ ~ „ ( I ¹F,Å yñ t‹ {Zzg ^,Y q- Zg:Z Š™ » æ), *y{ gzW ÉËZe ** ; w° ËZe Abstract This paper aims at critically examine and investigate the role of Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo in the progressive politics of Balochistan. The paper also highlights brief history of the process of incorporation of the Kalat state (Kalat Confederacy - Balochistan) into the Pakistani federation. It discusses, but very briefly, the history of the Kalat state and its downfall into the hands of the British and then its incorporation into Pakistan. The main argument of the paper is that Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenju was a pragmatic politician and was able to change with the changing circumstances. He proved to be the real political leader of the depressed people of Balochistan in particular and Pakistan in general. However, this paper has also highlighted some regrets of Mir's political role in the last days of his life. sg¬ ƒ ā ì ix Ñ 6,VŒ ñY Å ]!*Å æ),j _¨÷ā ¬ Ð Zk 7© : Ï( Zzg ÌZ Å "ß ZzgZk ñY Å ]!*Å yñ /߬ Ð ÔìZz Ô®‚ +÷ hZ R,ÔzZ êv WsZ ;gE- ´ K ðW hZ *Z öZ ö WsZ Ú * yÎ0*yÔ ñ Ô´ E ga7102Y â 6102YD ',ÆZ ïGL ¢p z õg@*C ________________________________________ 251 ]Ãz ³Ð öZa õg@* Zzg ¯ ù z » yÎ0*/ßt ā ñY ¬Š t Æ™ ? ; Zgg Š™ H ~ „ ( :*6,x¸Å yñ » r# ™÷ J- X ;g º æLG%i Æ Vƒ÷ VZzg âZx Z¸ » yñ Ð pÒ ]g@* X÷ t ëZ ~ ñgZ )3( ( 227-651 AD {)÷7‚‚ )2( (550-3238 BC ) WgZ \ )1( ˆ Æ (ZzgZk 632-750 AD )[² 4( () 489-690 AD |) s {W ÷ ā J- VŒ }uzŠ Xìg D™ #Ö Ó 6,yñ Zyx Zzg à }g‚ ¹ Vñ* Zà yñ ~ õg@*X1;g º æLG%i Æ 6¤',yñ J- 1839-1947 Zzg å í gz ¢ x* » Zk ~ äâi Æ WgZ \ 6,gî Æ wV ì ŠHH Šc*Ð Zzw -
Enforced Disappearances by Pakistan Security Forces in Balochistan
Pakistan “We Can Torture, Kill, HUMAN RIGHTS or Keep You for Years” WATCH Enforced Disappearances by Pakistan Security Forces in Balochistan “We Can Torture, Kill, or Keep You for Years” Enforced Disappearances by Pakistan Security Forces in Balochistan Copyright © 2011 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 156432-786-8 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch 350 Fifth Avenue, 34th floor New York, NY 10118-3299 USA Tel: +1 212 290 4700, Fax: +1 212 736 1300 [email protected] Poststraße 4-5 10178 Berlin, Germany Tel: +49 30 2593 06-10, Fax: +49 30 2593 0629 [email protected] Avenue des Gaulois, 7 1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel: + 32 (2) 732 2009, Fax: + 32 (2) 732 0471 [email protected] 51, Avenue Blanc 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 738 0481, Fax: +41 22 738 1791 [email protected] 2-12 Pentonville Road, 2nd Floor London N1 9HF, UK Tel: +44 20 7713 1995, Fax: +44 20 7713 1800 [email protected] 27 Rue de Lisbonne 75008 Paris, France Tel: +33 (1)43 59 55 35, Fax: +33 (1) 43 59 55 22 [email protected] 1630 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 500 Washington, DC 20009 USA Tel: +1 202 612 4321, Fax: +1 202 612 4333 [email protected] Web Site Address: http://www.hrw.org JULY 2011 1-56432-786-8 “We Can Torture, Kill, or Keep You for Years” Enforced Disappearances by Pakistan Security Forces in Balochistan Map of Balochistan .......................................................................................................................... i Summary ......................................................................................................................................... 1 Key Recommendations ......................................................................................................................... 6 Methodology .................................................................................................................................. 9 I. -
The Baluch Insurgency: Linking Iran to Pakistan by Zia Ur Rehman
Report May 2014 The Baluch insurgency: linking Iran to Pakistan By Zia Ur Rehman Executive summary The Sistan and Baluchistan Province of Iran has long been associated with instability and armed conflict. The two million largely Sunni Muslim Baluch living in the province have suffered sustained racist persecution and discrimination in predominantly Shia and Persian-speaking Iran. Analysts claim that lack of development and cultural and religious repression in Sistan and Baluchistan have encouraged popular support for the insurgency among the Baluch community. Iran claims that the main bases of the two main Baluch insurgents groups, Jundullah and Jaish-ul Adl, are in Pakistan’s Baluchistan Province, which shares a 1,165-kilometre border with Iran. Iranian forces are increasingly carrying out cross-border attacks against these groups, straining relations between Iran and Pakistan and possibly fuelling sectarian violence in both countries. Pakistan is battling its own Baluch separatist insurgency. It is feared that the mistreatment of the Baluch community on both sides of the border could lead to an alliance between religiously motivated anti-Iranian Sunni militant groups and the various secular Pakistani Baluch separatist groups. Iranian Baluch militants groups are not only causing an increasing internal security crisis in Iran, but are also threatening to become the key to the survival of the Taliban on the Iran-Pakistan-Afghanistan border. The Baluch in Iran and Pakistan: Persian state in Iran that enshrined ethnic suppression, historical context forcing the Baluch community to fight to protect their rights The Baluch are the indigenous people of the Baluchistan under Iranian rule (UNPO, 2010). -
HRCB's Report to the Special Committee on International Covenant
1 HRCB’s report to the Special Committee on International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Submitted: June 2017 Table of contents: Report…………………………………………..…………..Page 01 to Page 15 1. Abbreviations 2. Preface 3. Methodology 4. Balochistan 5. Articles of ICCPR and reports from Balochistan 5.1 Right of self-determination 5.2 Right to life 5.3 Torture to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment 5.4 Arbitrary arrest 5.5 Right of peaceful assembly 6. Generalized patterns of persecution 6.1 Burning houses and villages 6.1 Abduction and Enforced Disappearance 6.2 Kill and Dump of forcibly disappeared persons 6.3 Fake encounter of forcibly disappeared persons 6.4 Willful killing 6.5 Mass graves 6.6 Silencing the voices, in and outside Balochistan 7. Conclusion 8. Appendices……………………………………………….…..Page 16 to 122 8.1 Abduction and Enforced Disappearances 8.2 Kill and Dump of forcibly disappeared persons 8.3 Fake encounters of forcible disappeared persons 8.4 Willful killing 8.5 From mass graves 2 1. Abbreviations: / / Phonetic Transcription App Appendix BHRO Baloch Human Rights Organization BSO-A Baloch Students Organization Azad BNM Baloch National Movement BRP Baloch Republican Party CAT Convention Against Torture CPEC China Pakistan Economic Corridor Distt: District FC Frontier Corps FIR First Information Report HRCP Human Rights Commission of Pakistan HRCB Human Rights Council of Balochistan ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights KM Kilo Meter LUMS Lahore University of Management Sciences NGO Non-Governmental Organization NIC National Identity Card T2F The Second Floor UN United Nations UNDHR Universal Declaration of Human Rights UPR Universal Periodic Review VBMP Voice for Baloch Missing Persons WGEID Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances 3 2. -
“Conquest Without Rule: Baloch Portfolio Mercenaries in the Indian Ocean.”
“Conquest without Rule: Baloch Portfolio Mercenaries in the Indian Ocean.” by Ameem Lutfi Department of Cultural Anthropology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Engseng Ho, Supervisor ___________________________ Charles Piot ___________________________ David Gilmartin ___________________________ Irene Silverblatt Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Cultural Anthropology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2018 ABSTRACT “Conquest without Rule: Baloch Portfolio Mercenaries in the Indian Ocean.” by Ameem Lutfi Department of Cultural Anthropology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Engseng Ho, Supervisor ___________________________ Charles Piot ___________________________ David Gilmartin ___________________________ Irene Silverblatt An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Cultural Anthropology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2018 Copyright by Ameem Lutfi 2018 Abstract The central question this dissertation engages with is why modern states in the Persian Gulf rely heavily on informal networks of untrained and inexperienced recruits from the region of Balochistan, presently spread across Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan. The answer, it argues, lies in the longue durée phenomenon of Baloch conquering territories abroad but not ruling in their own -
Sikkim University
State Repression and Human Security in Balochistan A Dissertation Submitted To Sikkim University In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Philosophy By Dipika Kaushik Department of International Relations School of Social Sciences February 2017 Gangtok 737102 INDIA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A note of gratitude to a number of people, whose genuine support and encouragements made this dissertation a successful work. The dissertation began and ended with the dedicated guidance and enormous help of my supervisor Dr. Manish Srivastava, without whose support it would be almost impossible for the completion of the same. I would like to express my heartiest thankfulness and acknowledge him for helping me to get an access to Institute for Defence Studies and Analysis library. I also express my sincere thanks to the faculty members of my Department (International Relations/Politics), Dr. Sebastian and Ph Newton Singh for their valuable suggestions. The major resources throughout the dissertation writing has been the Institute for Defence Studies and Analysis library in New Delhi and Central Library of Sikkim Therefore, I am thankful to all the concerned authorities of these libraries who provided me access to the library and procured relevant materials during the course of my research. It was indeed their constant support, encouragement and patience which contributed at large in the process of this research. Dipika Kaushik Glossary of Acronyms Used AD After the death of Christ ADB Asian Development Bank AHRC Asian Human Rights -
Repression and Revolt in Balochistan the Uncertainty and Survival of a People’S National Aspirations
FEATURE Repression and Revolt in Balochistan The Uncertainty and Survival of a People’s National Aspirations ZEUS HANS MENDEZ ife with historical tensions, the region of Balochistan has erupted into insurrections against the Pakistani state since 1948. Convinced of being historically wronged, the Baloch view their fight as one against repression Rand for self- determination. Though residing in the same region, the ethnic iden- tity of the Baloch has remained in sharp contrast to the ultranationalism that defines the Pakistani state. Therefore, the Pakistani security forces, who see many of the Baloch nationalist groups as terrorists, have crushed any opposition or de- mand for reform. This, in addition to a deteriorating human rights scenario has further cemented Baloch opposition against Pakistan. Across the border in Iran, the Baloch face a similar fate, with extreme deprivation and marginalization by the Iranian theocracy. While undoubtedly possessing unique identities and aspi- rations, repression and ignorance on both sides of the border have resulted in a common desire for liberation. However, the fact that an international border separates two distinctive Baloch communities, one motivated by secular aspira- tions and the other by Sunni Islam, any progress toward a unified front is hin- dered. Drawing on such dynamics, this article will seek to highlight the fact that even though the fight for Balochistan is one of international significance, most observers have ignored the situation, leaving the Baloch in a drawn- out insur- gency with no support and an increased feeling of uncertainty. In this context, many have termed the Baloch freedom movement as dying or dead.