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What Is “The Book of Breathings”? BYU Studies Quarterly Volume 11 Issue 2 Article 5 4-1-1971 What is “The Book of Breathings”? Hugh Nibley Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq Recommended Citation Nibley, Hugh (1971) "What is “The Book of Breathings”?," BYU Studies Quarterly: Vol. 11 : Iss. 2 , Article 5. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq/vol11/iss2/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in BYU Studies Quarterly by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Nibley: What is “The Book of Breathings”? what is the book of breathingsBreathings HUGH NlNIBLEYBLEY MEET THE FAMILY upon their publication in 1967 the joseph smith papyri nos X and XI were quickly and easily identified as pages from the egyptian book of breathingsBreathings the frequent occur- rence of the word susnsnsnprovided a conspicuous clue and though the last page of the book the one that usually contains the title was missing its contents closely matched that of other egyptian writings bearing the title sh fhifbishishlsh t n susnsnsn com- monly translated book of Breabreathingthingss A most welcome guide to the student was ready at hand in J de Horhorrackborrackrack s text translation and commentary on a longer and fuller version of the same work pap louvre 3284 which he published in 1878 along with another version of the text louvre no 3291 and variant readings from a half dozen other paris manu- scripts 1 thanks to de horrackborrackHorrack the experts found their work already done for them and they showed their gratitude by consisentlyconsistently following the readings of the de Horhorrackborrackrack s text and translation instead of the joseph smith text whenever the latter proved recalcitrant A berlin manuscript of the book of breathingsBreathings was pub- lished with a latin translation by H brugsch as early as 1851 2 this article is to be substantially the second chapter of a forthcoming book to be published by deseret book company it will be devoted entirely to a study of the joseph smith papyri X and XI dr nibley professor of history and religion at brigham young univesrity and well known authority on ancient scriptures has published widely on many church subjects 1J de Horhorrackborrackrack le livre des respirations bibliotnquebiblzotheque fgyptologique9gyptologique 17 1878 appp 110137110 137 plates vii xiii 2aaaA recent summary of the literature may be found in G botti 11II11 libro del respirareRespirare etc in ini of egypt archaeology JEA 54 1968 appp 223- 230 cf budge and chassinatChassi nat below notes 3 & 6 153 Published by BYU ScholarsArchive, 1971 1 BYU Studies Quarterly, Vol. 11, Iss. 2 [1971], Art. 5 1 3 0zO OQ CT 2 S fr 2 5 S 2 is A sijeljmij it i 5 ftstefaste r I1 a zaz& r- y D sfs T w a ilalia117 iltpiy 1b y vih leilot a itt A tig eds 0 0 edinfs j i iri Y u T i rr 0 ti i ir 3 s iti AL E o4i1 7 Q 4 i1 iiiill111.111 si 11 iag zd 4 ji 1 fi E a i T i n1 13 j cl 1 l 0 li r i3 0 ralraif t KIN agiyeilgi31 sigdaisa 3dp1stsigsaSijyelsgSAjyjyilsils li sars&r IP i r ir T 1 rl 1 1 IISSIHI hilrhtlr tw btl d- olt F a STIr od iseliL sseli0 hfJ i 0511 10 F 1 i obil gilrylietilrl ais hirruirrbirrjslcleizTGjalc 0 iliiiioll011 n 0 elieU lallaslalllsiis illiill y 1 41 a 1 151 ltls175 if i 13 J is i t5ta U 3 fjur s 3 7 ajqj sbsatllxirlt 22ab a rafeiij s sbti rffeii .0 in i 0 0 I1 imijanil UO jarJag 1 smiilxn St y ilanaija4ija ti salsils h imijagsilsstis1 j g i it1ta M z 14 1 iMIsi I 1 3 1 t s 15 t wr 14t wtt H 1 i sl pt T athah1 1l S fijuxt S t 1 tyt atlH Iil Jtaltat in fij3xifsalidsal la t 0 mi altallakl x itl 4 https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq/vol11/iss2/5 2 Nibley: What is “The Book of Breathings”? 0 4- L11l i sa on due w a 00 ot G 1 a U 0 4iai 00 r TL ai to 5.5 ilsaiitel1 t 2 1 tj 0 13nt i 1 I O rar31 N 0 1 iai1 1l tr1.1 I I1 I hitestltt0 J k g r I1 1 I tltthitt1 npilplabaabj S 1 51P nsfss yn tiyib yAM A 2 ioar4r ns1 t og it yhti wl LL ahtiN i s1sa jl i y r A btw sl lWiSlit117ils v na wors it 4 n1 sMpori 3 smlwiscc 0 n w 3 i ol01 sl1cje slalle oi slisii11 ije fm xo it tl l tlh0 1 i p 1 jl tintim ta ntlu U S sa s1 iiilt1 itelliteslR t1Q & brb4j TM tl 0 0 a- to a t a fl sl lr 0 r s 0 4 .9 4 9 0 N 74 x0xa aqpq v 40 ci 340 113 ig 4 114 d 00 0 fl SJ of tk 0 t F 0 J Published by BYU ScholarsArchive, 1971 3 BYU Studies Quarterly, Vol. 11, Iss. 2 [1971], Art. 5 alblblblBIBL EGYPT T XVIIXVIL PL alXI tuaua taptopFCTrop iu aua ar 5r T uflfcliiiobil lilbllalh idllolidi101 iljsdli4ft i wf 2 5 1 T f4ilotnoiffdsiiiflotnoiffdsilllrtlT t rz4wf r 14 r i f4iioifrjoii5jcafvafomi0 yI1 a n ikleiiirigflyiuiriiuufokstenken Wf 5 fl 2 tsttatest t5t itytenwfuluutu iltzilzitailt soaso7 6 m roar 7 fftp4j&tlurfefhtjit 8 ro5r R W i5irtff4fiiifllliiliffjfriitt 4 t7taI1 it ilaliajaa 09foftolfi46ltq I1 dylag43106 2lnsfoji t1ta 401- SSSMW 1 91 1 1 1115 3 W 1 t5 p ttj27j lt J ID lvtfl jlillygt 7 t8ta gj ajtaigjtaimaimalTAi 9 z 0o fiotiy totitot1tota 11 the above is professor de horrock s reproduction of the best known manuscript of the book of breathingsBreathings from biblioihquebibliotheque egyptologiqueegyptologjque 17 1878 plates VIIXIVII XI the portions underlined are virtually identical with the surviving parts of the joseph smith egyptian papyri X and XI and the glued sections on IV see appp 161 169 and 175173 below the broken underline of line 6 on page 2 identlflidentifieses synonymous wording of both texts the contents of page 4 are entirely missing from the joseph smith papyri having been either destroyed or never included in the original https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq/vol11/iss2/5 4 Nibley: What is “The Book of Breathings”? THE BOOK OF breathingsBREATHINGS 157 and within a decade of de Horhorrackborrackrack s work EAW budge came out with a magnificent facsimile in color of the ker asher book of breathingsBreathings of the british museum no 9995 accompanied by a transliteration into hieroglyphics and a trans- lation 3 in 1935 and 1936 georg moeller published facsimiles of a berlin buch von adematem pap 3135 as reading exercises for students 4 and recently J C goyon has brought together more exemplars 5 along with our book of breathingsBreathings another writing bearing the same name but sometimes designated by the egyptians themselves as the second book of breathingsBreathings once gave rise to some confusion it was published in 1895 by J lieblein under the mistaken title of que manmon nom fleurisse 3 at the time over one hundred copies of the work were available and the most striking thing about it was the liberty displayed by the scribes the things reported wrote chassinatChassinat the conceptions presented are identical in all of them the assmss but the form in which they are expressed varies almost to infinity according to the caprice or personal beliefs of the scribe and the resources of the buyer 7 the writers of the first book of breathingsBreathings do not take such liberties and yet the two writings are so closely associated that the ancient scribes 11 often made no distinction between the two books giving both the same title 7 and G botti treats them as subdivisions of the same work 8 just as these writings seem to blend into each other so they fuse with still other works like other egyptian funerary writings they everywhere betray their dependence on earlier texts as well as their contributions to later ones botti suggests that the two rhind papyri are substantially derived from the breathing texts 8 the effect is that of a spectral in EAWE A W budge facsimile of therhe papyri of heneferhuneferHunefer anhaiaghai KeneikerishernefkeiasherkerasherKei asberashertashertasberrasher and net cheletchemet br mus 1899 appp 334333 43 and plates G moeller hleratischeHieratische lefelesestuckelesestfickeLese stucke leipzig hinrichs 1935 p 32 and Hierahieratischetische palographiepalao graphic 3 leipzig 1936 taf XI 5J C goyon le psaraspapyrus du louvre no 3279 cairo 1966 in bibliothebibliothec que dEd tudeetude no 42 discussed by E chassinatChassi nat le livre second des respiritrespiratRerespirationsspirat ons in resuerevuerevne de ihistoirephsloire des religions 1895 appp 312314312 314 who provides a translation of one of the texts appp 317ff G botti II11 libro del respirareRespi rare appp 2268226 8 has given a transliteration and translation of another chassinatChassiassmatnat p 314 botti p 224 after the arnamaamarnaannama period appeared a spate of freely com- posed funerary texts all using familiar materials but in new forms and com- binationsbmatbi ionslons these are designated by A ankoffPpiankoff as the mythological papyri S schott zum weltbildWeltbild der jenseitsfuhrerjenseitsfdhrer des neuen reiches goettinger nachrichten 1965 no 11 p 168 in the 26th dynasty the egyptians recher Published by BYU ScholarsArchive, 1971 5 BYU Studies Quarterly, Vol. 11, Iss.
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