Vol. V. No. 7 JULY, 1950 INFORMATION ISSUED EY THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN
8. FAIRFAX MANSIONS, FINCHLEY ROAD ( FAIR°AX''IOAD ) LONDON. N.W.3 Olfctand Ctnmltmi Hmrt 10 Lm.—I e m.. i—i p.m.. Sundar 10 Ln.—I o.m r»/a#h«»: MAM. V>l. 9096 (General Office) MAIda Vale 4449 (Employment Agency)
INDEMNIFICATION IN THE 66 FRENCH ZONE I UNDERSTAND THE RISKS" A few weeks ago. Indemnification Laws were enacted in the three " Laender " of the French " I hereby certify that I understand the soldiers who wore British uniform, but who Zone, i.e. Baden (on 31.5.50). Rheinland-Pfalz risks ... to which I and my relatives may spoke only broken English, and who, (30.5.60) and Wuerttemberg-HohenzoUern (27.5.50). These laws replace the French Indemnification be exposed by my employment in the British according to their educational standard, Ordinance No. 164 which has been cancelled. They Anny outside the United Kingdom. Not ought to be eligible for Commissions but had provide for the indemnification of damages to life withstanding this, I certify that I am willing to serve as privates and N.C.O's. The ab and limb, health, Uberty, property or economic to be employed in any theatre of war." normality of these alien companies was, advancement, inflicted upon persons who were persecuted between January 30, 1933, and May 8, Thus runs the declaration made by aliens in however, not limited to these facts, for the 1945, for poUtical, racial, religious or ideological the Pioneer Corps who volunteered for over parents and wives of these soldiers of the reasons. seas service in the early days of the war. British Army were, in many instances, either Broadly speaking, three categories of Nazi Professor Norman Bentwich has taken these interned or subject to restrictions of " enemy persecutees are eligible for claiming indemnification words as the title of a book (" I Understand aliens." The main crux was that these from one of the "Laender": residents, certain classes of post-war refugees, and former residents the Risks," Victor Gollancz, London, 10/6*). soldiers, in spite of their British uniforms, or heirs of deceased residents. The definitions of Based on material which has been collected were not British nationals but stateless, each of these categories are not in all points identical by the Ex-Service (N.B.) Association, the former German subjects, and no official state with the corresponding clauses of the Indemnifica tion Laws for the " Laender " of the U.S. Zone. Association of Jewish Refugees and private ment ever told them what would be going to Neither are they identical in the three new laws, as sources, Professor Bentwich has added an happen to them after the war. Each of them may be seen from the following particulars: interesting chapter to the history of Jews wanted to fight Hitler with a gun in his The first category (residents) refers to persons in Britain. For the majority of those 9,000 hand—alas, these guns were not forthcoming who had their legitimate domicile or usual residence f men and women from Germany and Austria and until 1942, their companies were, but for within the Land Baden or Wuerttemberg-Hohen- zoUern on January 1, 1947, or within the Land who decided to fight Hitler in British uniform a few rifles, unarmed, even those which in Rheinland-Pfalz on January 1, 1948; the Law for were Jews and administratively they consti 1940 had to find their way back to the coast Baden also includes persons who returned to their tuted such a novelty that it took some time in France. domicile or residence from abroad until October 1, 1947. for the bureaucracy to understand their That the aliens' companies of the Pioneer problems. The second category (post-war refugees) covers Corps soon gained the respect of the War persons who were recognised or will be recognised In November, 1939, " refugees from Nazi Ministry, in spite of these disabilities, is as refugees in Baden or Wuerttemberg-Hohen- another proof of the resolve of those men zollern after January 1, 1947, or in Rheinland- oppression " were enabled to volunteer for Pfalz after January 1, 1948, if they are not already the Pioneer Corps in the famous transit who wan ted. to settle their account with the entitled to compensation in anotlier Land. camp of Richborough, which has played so Nazis. They had to wait for this quite some The third category (former residents, etc.) refers important a part in bringing over people to time, until 1943, when the majority of them to persons who resided outside Germany on were transferred to fighting units, especially January 1, 1947 (in the case of Baden or Wuerttem- England from the Continent in the fateful berg-HohenzoUern) or, in the case of Rheinland- days between the November pogrom of 1938 the Parachutists and Commandos, but also Pfalz, on January 1, 1948, or died before that date, and the beginning of the war. Thousands to the Infantry, Tanks, Roj^al Air Force, and who suffered damage in one of the three volunteered, but some time elapsed before Navy and Intelligence Corps. countries. According to the laws for Wuerttem- berg-HohenzoUern and for Rheinland-Pfalz (not for the first company was formed, and even then In the beginning of the war there was not Baden) claimants must have had their domicile or the authorities were unsure what to do with seldom the paradox that those who not usual residence within one of these Laender at the long ago were behind barbed wire in intern time of deprivation. Persons who suffered damage after their emigration are, therefore, not entitled ment camps were now standing guard outside to indemnification in Wuerttemberg-HohenzoUern REGRETTABLE DISCRIMINATION such camps. At the end of the war, many and Rheinland-Pfalz. It is incomprehensible why .\RIOUS letters to the editors of daily and who, a few years ago, were maltreated in these limitations have been introduced, and repre Vweekly papers have drawn attention to the fact concentration camps and expelled from sentations with the competent authorities are being that, in spite of the tremendous shortage of dentists, Germany, returned as British soldiers with Continued on Page 2 a number of Jewish Refugee Dentists with German qualifications are still forced to be idle. They have the victorious armies, rendering important the same university training as those of their services to the Allied Control Commission. AjR Meeting coUeagues who were admitted before 1937. Especially in the first chapters of his book. THURSDAY, JULY 27, 7.45 p.m. For a great number of years, the AJR, together Professor Bentwich has gone beyond the with the Group of Unregistered Dentists, has fought theme of refugee soldiers and drawn a picture I, Broadhurst Gardens, |N.W.6 for their admission to the Dentists' Register. (near Fjnchley Road Underground Station) The position has become increasingly paradox, as of the whole refugee community of then D.Ps, who came to this country only recently, now 60,000 people, he shows their trials and tribu Dr. BRUNO WEIL stand a better chance than these pre-war refugees, lations in those years, and gives a place of (New York) most of whom have meanwhile been found worthy of honour to their many British friends, led b}' becoming British subjects. Whilst the qualified dental surgeons from Germany are still rejected, the late Eleanor Rathbone, who helped them " Nord-und Suedamerika at present even the use for the school dental service in their struggle. The documentary value und seine Einwanderung of so-called " Dental Hygienists " without uni of this book is important enough to merit it seit 1933" versity training is under consideration. a prominent place in historical research on It is estimated that about 200,000 cases per year Dr. Bruno Weil, well-known by his manifold Jewish migrations. That it adds up to an activities and his topical publications, will be could be dealt with by the rejected dentists. interesting story is only one more proof of Time and again the AJR has taken up the matter in London for a short visit. He has spent several with the appropriate quarters, and whilst at this Professor Bentwich's stature as a writer. years in U.S.A. and in South American countries, and his observations will be of special juncture it is not possible to make any forecast HERBERT FREEDEN about the outcome of these efforts, nothing will be interest to members and friends of the AJR. left undone which might ultimately lead to a • Copies at a reduced price of 6/6 (postage free) should be Admission free. ordered from the AJR, which rendered its financiaJ assistance removal of the existing obstacles. by a grant and by a guarantee towards the sale of copies. Page 2 AJR INFORMATION July, 1950 IN PARLIAMENT NEWS FROM GERMANY DISPLACED PERSONS At an Adjournment Debate, introduced by Major PROTESTANTS CONFESS The U.S. Regional Commissioner for Bavaria, Tufton Beamish, concern was expressed about the GUILT Clarence M. Bolds, strongly appealed to the German care for Refugees and Displaced Persons after the .•\t the National Meeting of the Protestant Church, Authorities to take energetic measures against the termination of IRO on 31st March, 1961. So far, it where a resolution against anti Semitism was passed, desecration of cemeteries. was stated, 69,000 D.Ps were repatriated and one of the speakers, Heinrich Vogel, said: " The The Land-Government of Hesse expressed its 723,000 resettled under the care of IRO. According root of the misfortune which has befallen us and horror at the happenings. Parents, teachers to Major Beamish, it is estimated that at the end of the whole world is our guilt towards the Jews. and churchmen should make young people realise the current year there will be betsveen 60 to 100,000 There is nobody amongst us who is free from this that the last resting place of human beings is D.Ps left in Germany and Austria. In addition guilt." F*astor Niemoeller welcomed the Protestants' sacred. to these, there are now in Germany about 9 milUon confession of guilt and regretted that it had not The editor of the " Frankfurter .Mlgemeine German refugees from Eastern territories. They will been made earlier. Another speaker, quoting partly have to be absorbed into the German Landesbischof Wurm, declared: " If I cannot find Zeitung," Paul Sethe, writes that the German attitude should not be determined in the first line Economy, but for some of them emigration may sleep in these days, it is because we have been also be a solution. silent when the Jews were persecuted." by the impression which might be created abroad, but that counter-actions are primarily necessary The monthly infiltration of political refugees from for the sake of the Germans themselves. "It is Eastern countries amounts to 800 in Germany and ' NAZISM " CLIMAX OF CULTURE " our duty," he says, " to speak to our youth about 120 in Austria. .\t a Press Conference in Bonn, the member of the terrible happenings in .^.uschwitz. Whatever About 900,000 Arab refugees are receiving reUef the Federal ParUament and Chairman of the happens to Jewish cemeteries is a shame for under the United ReUef for Palestine Scheme. Socialist Reichspartei (SRP), Dr. Fritz Doris, ourselves." The spokesman of the Foreign Office, Mr. Davies, described the time between 1933 and 1945 as " the stressed that Great Britain had resettled more D.Ps climax of a revolutionary epoch of the Occident." than any other country. Furthermore, H.M. The concentration camps and gas chambers were OPPOSITION TO RESTITUTION Government has given large sums to IRO and has in his view revolutionary methods to overcome the A newly published monthly periodical " Die contributed largely to the Palestine refugees. It has past. Restitution " (Jus-Verlag, Baden-Baden) takes up also, through contributions to Germany since the The Prime Minister of North-Rhine-Westphalia, the interests of those liable for restitution. One of end of the war, helped towards the solution of the , Karl Arnold, declared that he was considering the the contributors, Landtagsabgeordneter Alfred big problem in that area. ' necessary steps to be taken against Dr. Doris. Steger, describes the methods of the legislators as After IRO has wound up, the responsibiUty for | " rabiat " and expresses the view that the Jews, the legal and political protection of the remaining DESECRATION OF CEMETERIES who were once oppressed and hunted, are now refugees will rest on the High Commissioner, who oppressors and hunters. has not yet been appointed by the General Assembly The Cemetery of Berlin-Weissensee (Soviet The organisations of Germans affected by the of the United Nations, but who will take up his Sector) was desecrated recently. The culprits, 11 restitution laws in the British and American Zone appointment on Ist January, 1951. The responsi young workmen, were found out 5 days later. wiU, according to the " Frankfurter Allgemeine bility lor their material welfare will rest with the I Desecrations are also reported from Wuerzburg, Zeitung," be amalgamated under the protectorate governments, where these refugees continue to live. i Frankfurt a.M. and Herasbach, near Mannheim. of the former Reichskanzler Dr. Wirth. A loyal execution of the restitution law is described as the NATURALISATION j Continued from Front Page object of the new Federation. " Since the end of the war 50,062 certificates of made by URO. On the other hand, the law for naturalisation have been granted," said the Home Secretary, Mr. Chuter Ede, on June 15. The i Baden does not require that claimants had their SOCIAL DEMOCRATS AGAINST last German residence before emigration in the annual number of certificates is as follows: 1945 ' NATIONALISM (May to December): 407; 1946: 3,630; 1947: I^nd Baden. At the Party Conference in Hamburg, Dr. The time limit for claims expires within a year 17,742; 1948: 15,108; 1949: 9,593; 1950: January Schumacher stated that in Germany Nationalism 861, February 731, March 899, April 571, May 520. after the enactment of the laws, i.e. in Baden on was not thinkable without anti-Semitism, and anti- May 30, 1951, in Rheinland-Pfalz on May 29, 1961, Semitism not without Nationalism. He also WITHDRAWAL OF CITIZENSHIP in Wuerttemberg-Hohenzollern on May 26, 1951. expressed regret at the colourless statements of The Home Secretary stated that so far no persons Claims have to be submitted to the " Amt fuer the Federal Government in questions of restitution. have been deprived of citizenship under the pro Wiedergutmachung " of the district where the The member of the Federal Parliament, Blach- visions of the British Nationality Act, 1948, which claimant has or had his last domicile or residence, came into force on Ist January, 1949. or where he suffered damage, if he had neither stein, asked for legislation against antisemitic and neo-Nazi provocations. domicile nor residence in the Land. Implementary VISITS TO COMMUNIST COUNTRIES orders to the laws are not yet available. Forms In a written reply the Foreign Secretary stated have to be obtained from the local " Amt fuer EX-NAZI AS PRESS OFFICER that he would strongly advise British subjects, who Wiedergutmachung," i.e. in Baden the Regional Gustav .\dolf Sonnenhol has been appointed visit Communist dominated countries and are not " Finanzamt," in Rheinland-Pfalz the local " Amt Press Officer of the Federal V^ice-Chancellor Franz travelling on official Government business, to get in fuer Wiedergutmachung und kontroUierte Ver- Bluecher. Sonnenhol joined the Nazi Party in 1931 touch with the nearest British Consulate immedi raoegen." and was also a member of the S.A. before 1933. ately upon arrival, to keep them informed of their The " Amt fuer Widergutmachung " has to From November 1933 onwards he was S.S. Unter- movements and to give them prior notice of their examine the claims and to try to reacfi an amicable sturmfuehrer. He was the Liaison Officer departure. settlement. Indemnification Courts are the between Ribbentrop and the Gestapo on July 20, " Wiedergutmachungsausschuesse," the " Wieder- 1944. TRANSFER OF D.P. CAMPS gutmachungskammern bei den Landgerichten " In preparation for the closing down of the Inter national Refugee Organisation (IRO) next March, (Courts of Appeal) and the " Zivilsenate des Ober- EX-NAZI APPOINTED MAYOR landesgerichte " (Revision, Board of Review). the IRO has begun to hand over its refugee camps In Rheinland-Pfalz and Wuerttemberg-Hohen The former Nazi, Dr. Karl Schuebel, was ap in Germany to the German Government for ad zoUern special laws have been enacted providing pointed Mayor of Aalen (Wuerttemberg-Baden) ministration. Mr. J. Donald Kingsley, Director- imdemnification for Civil Servants and employees with an overwhelming majority (11,395 against General of the IRO, said that the German Ad of the Laender (" Gesetze ueber die Wiedergut- 1,779). His opponent was a half-Jew, Dr. Peter ministration of the D.P. camps would be under maching nationalsozialistischen Unrechts im oeffent Lahnstein, whose posters were smudged by anti the supervision of the Occupation .\uthorities. lichen Dienst "). Unlike the Indemnification Laws semitic slogans. According to a further statement by Mr. Kingsley, in the U.S. Zone, these laws do not contain regula this arrangement wiU not apply to the Jewish tions with regard to officials living abroad whose NEW BOOK BY HANS GRIMM D.Ps. Placing the Jews under German control return to Germany cannot be expected because of In a new book, published simultaneously in would be " much too explosive " he said. their personal circumstances. Goettingen and in Buenos Aires, Hans Grimm, the MAINTENANCE OF GRAVES IN GERMANY author of " Volk ohne Raum," describes the two The ,\JR has been informed that the Bank of COMPENSATION IN U.S. ZONE world wars as British wars of aggression against England will consider individual appUcations to As readers will have seen from previous issues, Germany. National Socialism was in his view a remit reasonable sums for the maintenance of compensation claims in the U.S. Zone had to be reUgious Protestant movement for the salvation of relatives' graves in Germany. Such applications filed until June 30, 1950. As far as claimants so far the world. The Jews in Germany were elements should be submitted through the medium of any only submitted emergency registrations in order to of decomposition, they poisoned the spirit of the United Kingdom banker accompanied by evidence keep the time limit, they are reminded that these German people. of the amounts due. emergency registrations themselves are not sufficient for safeguarding the claims. They have to be "JEW" IN OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS PHOTOTELEGRAMS TO GERMANY followed by formal registrations on the appropriate The public phototelegraph service by wire has The Minister of Interior in Hesse deemed it been extended to Hamburg and Frankfurt. Photo forms, which have to be submitted until September necessary to remind his subordinates that there was 30, 1950. telegrams for other places in Germany will be posted no legal justification for describing Jewish citizens from one of these towns. as " Jews " in official documents. BLOCKED ACCOUNTS FOR TRAVELLING This instruction was the outcome of a complaint AIRPARCEL SERVICES It is understood that the travelling allowance, lodged by the Societies for Christian-Jewish Co Airparcel services, so far restricted to European which may be drawn from blocked accounts in operation, according to which the term " Der destinations, have now been extended to countries Germany, has been increased to 75 DM. per day ; Jude " is sometimes still used in front of the name in Africa and North America, e.g. Canada, Northern it must not exceed 200 DM. per day and family. of the person concerned. and Southern Rhodesia, South Africa, U.S.A. II AJR INFORMATION July, 1950 Page 3 K tk Amb AMGLO-JUDAICA enne morose: Relief of the Poor In these days of the advancing Welfare State, JOHN CITIZEN AND HIS GOVERNMENT few can be wholly unaware of what is being done for those who, under the capitalist order, were Why do people write letters to the editor ? features which also appeared " funny " to us in crueUy caUed " poor." Few really can afford to Haven't they anything else to do ? What good do those days. Fancy having hospitals dependent on be so ignorant. In fact, most of us now belong to they think it does ? This was one of the questions private charity, for instance; and a vital institution that unblessed category, and as Sir A. P. Herbert about which some of us were puzzled when we first like the B.B.C. not controlled by the government ! says, arrived in this country. There were many other And then there was that " farce " (as we thought) " half of the world is not funny, of Question Time in Parliament—as if anything and the rest is not worth being mentioned." was gained by the evasive or even facetious answers Jews have always been anxious to provide for FROM ALL CORNERS often obtained in reply. their poor, and creditable evidence of constructive By now most of us have been here long enough charity is contained in the -•\nnual Report of the CANADIAN IMPRESSIONS to understand a little about the origins and present London Trustees for the Relief of the Jewish Poor, There are not many Jews from Germany in nature of these and similar apparent anomalies. otherwise known as the Board of Guardians, whose Canada. Immigration was considerably restricted In the past century there was ample scope for Vice-President, Miss Hilda Schlesinger, last month at the time when mass emigration from Europe individual initiative in fields which can now be received the M.B.E. started, and only few persecutees found their way better organised on a national basis. The action of This venerable institution, now in its 91st year, H into this country. Even they did not always come individuals or of local communities, and not of the is generally considered the supreme achievement of on their own accord, but partly consist of former state, was at the bottom of many health, sanitary, .\nglo-Jewish social work, philanthrophy and internees from Great Britain who settled here for transport and educational services. Many efficient administration. There is probably no good. national institutions have retained strong local problem of a London Jew which the Board is not able to deal with. Its clients are not only those » Most Jews from Germany are living in Montreal sources: The Conservative Party is still a voluntary who have " committed the crime of being very or in Toronto, the two largest towns of the country. association of local parties, just as the Trades Union poor," as Mr. Basil Henriques says in a highly Their influence on Jewish Ufe is negligible and Council is only an advisory body which cannot interesting introduction: " Relief at the Board has cannot be compared with that in other countries coerce its constituent unions. General elections come to mean relief from physical pain or mental of immigration such as South ."Africa. are still fought on a strictly local basis, even though the results obtained grieve those who advocate the anxiety rather than the receipt of alms." Some years ago, a Club of Immigrants was more impersonal method of proportional representa " Schnorrers " have ceased to be conspicuous, and established in Toronto, and recently a similar tion with national party lists. the few loans that are given (free of interest)— organisation, called " Tne New World Club " was To keep up the complicated organisation of a 95 out of 213 applications in 1949—are strictly founded in Montreal. It includes newcomers from modern industrial state, government needs more limited to business propositions which offer a Germany, .Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and power and control than was necessary for its earUer reasonable hope of repayment. Poland ; the members' common language is, at counterpart. It must be able to act in more fields least for' the time being, German. The " New and witliout being swayed this way and that by The Young and the Old World Club " does not aim at any segregation from every small shift in public opinion. This creates The Board's foremost concern is the peoples' the Commuinty at large ; on the contrary, it is the danger of the individual and the small locality health. The three Convalescence Homes for men, anxious to co-operate with existing institutions and being neglected over the larger issues at stake, and women and children, take up roughly one third of to assist members in adapting themselves to of local talent being wasted and unnecessary hard the total expenditure which in 1949 ran into Canadian life. ship caused in the supposed interest of " a consistent ;f87,000. The second most important concern is The cosmopolitan atmosphere of Montreal makes policy " or " just " of the community. housing of, and general assistance for, boys, girls that adaptation easier than in the more anglicised It is here that our " anomalies " come in. They and small children. The Board maintains one rest of the country. The big influx of American represent the concession which the British people hostel for boys, one for working girls and one for visitors, the immediate neighbourhood of the big make to untidiness in their institutions in order to orphan boys. .\ Boys' Industrial Department North American centres and the close co-operation preserve some of tlie benefits o( the laisser-faire arranges apprenticeships to skilled trades, and in trade and commerce links these two great structure which proved their worth under the during the past year some 300 boys—both inmates 'li countries closely—and one cannot help thinking different conditions of an earlier period. It is not of the homes and others—were placed in many hosv much happier the world' would be if other practicable for every individual to be consulted different jobs. It is no doubt in a large measure countries could also live together in this neighbourly about each major departure in policy; but it is not due to this type of work by the Board tnat in friendly way, the borders being " protected " by necessary either that he be ignored or treated as a contrast to the increase in juvenile delinquency only a few immigration and customs officials. child with no mind of his own. Therefore, let him generally, there has been a continual decrease in L. Hermann (Montreal) write to the editor, or to his Member of Parliament, the number of Jewish boys at Approved Schools. and his argument, if sound, will be considered by Employment has also been found for 350 women many. Your question in ParUament becomes an and girls, and much valuable work is done in RUMANIA attempt to prevent a necessarily huge machine from housing and assisting unmarried mothers. Ten thousand Jews have been cleared by the crushing accidentally one of the individuals Next to the young the old. " The most marked Rumanian Government for emigration to Israel and for whose benefit it was constructed. That is why, feature of the Board's work during 1949 (the are waiting to sail. It is understood that 60 per cent alongside trivial questions about the price of bananas Report says) was the enormous expansion in the of the Jews of Bucharest have registered for and the shortage of nappies in Nottingham, we have department dealing with the welfare of old people, emigration. others about the pension of an ex-serviceman, or whose problems seem to become more and more the water supply of a viUage, or the internment or pressing both as regards their number and their HUNGARY admission ot aUens. Similarly, letters to the urgency." The Board now houses, in its several Hungarian Jews, who emigrate to Israel, will be editor serve to air small grievances and injustices, homes. 197 old people; altogether 2.000 were permitted to transfer their a.s.sets in accordance or to plead causes which might otherwise go by helped last year. with the Trade Pact between Israel and Hungar>'. default. Lastly, in any national scheme, whether it Refugees The Hungarian Minister of Education, Mr. Joszef be of hospitals, schools, transport or political Revai. criticised those members of the Jewish organisations, it usually pays to leave the greatest A special category among the Board's clients are Community who support " reactionary Zionism." possible scope for local and individual initiative. those refugees who were recently transferred from the Jewish Refugees Committee. The Report Individuals will need more organising than they SHANGHAI states that they are being found " not as difficult have ever known if they are to live peacefuUy as last year owing to increasing knowledge and also Since March 1, 1946, the Joint has aided in the together without starvation for anyone. The because the applicants are beoming more English evacuation of more than 14,600 Jews from Shanghai. problem will be to ensure that on the one hand in their outlook." .\bout 300 of the refugees stiU there represent the people retain enough initiative within their groups " hard core " cases, whom the Government of to prevent them from becoming apathetic machines, .Another gratifj'ing development is the substantial Israel have agreed to accept. without on the other hand enabling them to decline of applications for advice and assistance jeopardise the whole business of government wlien- from the General Welfare Committee which helps SOUTH AFRICA ever they feel so inclined. In other words, we want in unemployment and sickness and supplies such effective government without dictatorship. The essentials as clothing and furniture. Much of that The tenth anniversary of the establishment of the decline of course is due to the coming of the Welfare Old Age Home for Jewish Immigrants from Central British consciously or unconsciously help to main tain the balance by remaining sufficiently interested State, although private voluntary agencies can Europe, ' Our Parents' Home," was recently never be entirely superseded. As Mr. Henriques celebrated in Johannesburg. in local and public affairs to get a question asked in the House or to write a letter to the editor. says, " Unless a person really fits into the category for which the State provides, he is denied the help BRAZIL Strange habits and not very effectual ? Perhaps, but they will probably be recorded on the credit he requires." There wiU always be ample scope The first Hagada with a translation in the for the Board of Guardians. Portuguese language was pubUshed recently. It side of the ledger of history. was prepared by Rabbi Pinkuss and contains drawings by Otto Geismar, formerly BerUn. U.S.A. A revised Displaced Persons Immigration BiU Plans for the settlement of at least 35.000 Jewish MEXICO provides for the admission of 341,000 displaced D.Ps., who wiU come to the U.S. during the fifteen- .\ prominent Mexican Arab, Miguel Abed, who persons up to June 30, 1951. The groups allowed month period beginning July 1. 19.50. under the is known as an opponent of Zionism, was one of to enter include 54,000 "Volksdeutsche" and newly-Uberalised Displaced Persons Act were the Speakers at the celebration of the 25th Anni 18,000 former members of General .\nders' PoUsh discussed at the National Conference of Jewish versary of the Hebrew University. Army. Social Welfare Workers in Atlantic City.
..'•^'SBSS'ii*:'™ Page 4 AJR INFORMATION July, 1950
essence of the book might be summed up by quoting H. yy . Freyhan : from the foreword : " Mendelssohn was regarded by contemporaries of distinction as a great musician. His reputation NEW LIGHT ON FELIX has been nibbled away by lesser men. I beUeve that knowledge will reveal the qualities which A recently published little book (" Introduction sohn's statue from before the Gewandhaus in gained esteem during the last century. Moreover to the Music of Mendelssohn." by Percy M. Young. Leipzig : he who was responsible for the perpetua they are valuable qualities to-day. Mendelssohn, Dobson, 1949, 3,/6) offers far more than its modest tion of the greatest German traditions.") Perhaps in more ways than one. upholds the humane title would suggest : without aiming at any com there is a little more than just " pride in Jewish tradition in European civilisation." pleteness, the author succeeds in presenting an ancestry " in " Elijah." for instance, in the first entirely new approach, with thought-inspiring chorus where " a people is impassioned in prayer " observations on every page. His strong—though and where " Mendelssohn touches the Universal." A GERMAN JEW LOOKS BACK critically balanced—enthusiasm for Mendelssohn's But. on the whole, Mendelssohn's Jewish origin .\vner Nechushtan. or Alfred Kupferberg. as he art is the more noteworthy as it does not spring from was outweighed by his German-Protestant upbring was formerly known, a member of the editorial staff any " reactionary " or merely traditional attitude ing and surroundings, with obvious results. of the Tel Aviv daily, Yedi'ot Chadashot, and until but is based on a rediscovery of certain values 1935 editor oi the Hamburger Israelitisches Familien- which had been somewhat neglected in the recent Associations with England blatt, has published a trilogy, Ben Hametzarim, past yet have achieved new prominence in con dealing with the history of a well-to-do assimilated temporary art and criticism. The second interesting aspect lies in Mendels Jewish family in Berlin between the years 1918 and sohn's associations with this country and his Mendelssohn can easily be regarded as the greatest 1934. (Blumenthal. Tel Aviv.) The novel, which influence on English music. Even to-day. " EUjah " is of the " family saga " type, is a typical Zeitroman composer of Jewisii origin and, at the same time, he in England—for which it was written—ranks second represents the most outstanding case of a Jewish about German Jewry ; but its impUcations remain only to " Messiah " as the most popular of oratorios, valid to-day. artist's complete assimilation into German culture. and the decline in the appreciation of Mendelssohn's It is true that, in Germany, much of Mendelssohn's music has been less outspoken here than in Germany. Wilhelm Goldthal is the owner of a leading work had fallen " out of fashion " even before Would it be wrong to suggest that the very same German publishing house ; a decent, upright man, stupid raciaUsm put a ban on all his music. To the features which account for Mendelssohn's temporary retaining something of the rusticity of his native unbiased view, however, Mendelssohn's place in eclipse in Germany—the unchaotic, well-balanced Silesia, he is an out-and-out German. In 1934, he German music was hardly open to doubt—not character of his art. his smoothness of form—have is thrown by the Nazis into Oranienburg concen even to the anti-Semitic 'Treitschke. Mendelssohn never ceased to appeal to this \^'estern European tration camp, a dying man. was the representative of true German musical people ? It seems significant that an English Wilhelm has two children, Ruth and Ernst who, tradition. "The ultimate proof lies in the fact that writer like Percy Young becomes never tired of though devoted to each other and very alike in many the Germans have absorbed several of his songs praising Mendelssohn's perfect craftsmanship, taste respects, meet a different fate. Ruth, following with (" Wer hat dich, du schoener Wald." " O Taeler and balance of emotion and form, acknowledging unerring instinct what she feels to be her destiny. weit, o Hoehen." " Es ist bestimmt in Gottes Rat ") even the " courtesy " of his music to his performers and giving herself wholly to the person and the cause as " national sor.gs " (to use the EngUsh term). (an argument unlikely to be found in a German which she has come to see as her own, marries a It is indefinitely more difficult—though, perhaps, book '). young Zionist leader from Eastern Europe, and not altogether impossible—to trace or define follows him to Palestine. As a farewell present she Mendelssohn's Jewish heritage in his music. Percy One need not agree on every point (incidentally, gives her brother Thomas Mann's Der Zaubcrberg, Young, in discussing " Elijah." speaks of " German Moses Mendelssohn is, not quite correctly, referred whose hero, Hans Kastrup, tender, self-centred, religious mysticism. . . . touched with something to as " a disciple of Lessing " and " an early and undecided, has much in common with Ernst of the pride in Jewish ancestry displayed by Moses Romantic philosopher and writer "), but there is himself. Mendelssohn." But he continues : " ' Elijah ' is a no doubt that Percy 'S'oung has been able to show Protestant work." RaciaUsm does not enter into the Mendelssohn's art in a new light and even to Ernst, always hesitating and vacillating, and picture. ("The Nazis obligingly removed Mendels establish its influence on later composers. The preferring an easy life to hardship, cannot bring himself to see things as they are. His end, too, a few days after the death of his father, is death at the hands of the Nazis. This long—and sometimes long-winded—novel LAW and LIFE includes among its numerous characters several L*Kitt Advice Hours {for Persons tvith limited mtans only] • Sundav 11 a.m.-12 noon by appointment. historical personalities, such as Leo Motzkin, one of the founders of Zionism in Germany. Kupferberg- CHANGE OF NAME annexed to a Statutory Declaration (Erklaerung an Nechushtan takes us to Berlin during the revolution This paper has published a few comments on the Eidesstatt) by a British householder (not necessarily of 1918. to the charming university town of Freiburg merits of changing one's name and some readers British born) who has knwon the applicant for in the south, to Leipzig, back to Berlin in 1933-34, may wonder how to set about it. Can I do it ? 15 years and is not a near relative. The birth and also to Tel Aviv in 1934 (the author actually wiU be their first question. The reply will be, as so certificate, if British by birth, or naturalisation visited Palestine in that year). The book fails to often, another question : Are you a citizen of certificate of the applicant, has to be attached to give a comprehensive view of the story of German the United Kingdom ? If the answer is in the this Declaration. Jewry in the period between 1918 and 1934. The affirmative you can start the necessary formalities. These documents have to be handed in to the Goldthal-Ernstheim family, well-to-do, and with One way is to go to the National Registration Central Office of the Supreme Court. Thereafter, the relatively few Jewish interests (and superficial ones Office, fill in the relevant form which is short, applicant has to advertise his change of name in at that) is representative only of a section of German simple and free of charge, hand this over with your the London Gazette. At present it takes about Jewry. The real novel on the decline of (ierman Identity Card—and in approximately ten days you four to six weeks until the Central Office returns Jewry has still to be written. Yet on closing this will receive a new card in your new name, which the stamped and enrolled Deed, provided that the novel one recalls the words which the veteran finishes this process of change of name. If you wish advertisement has been approved. Zionist leader Nathan Birnbaum wrote as early as to retain a document as proof of your change of A married woman who is not included in her 1914: " Kaddish for German Jewry." name, you may sign a Deed of Change of Name husband's application must produce his consent if HENRIETTE BOAS. (obtainable at most law stationers), which has to she appUes on her own. Only in exceptional circum be stamped with an Inland Revenue stamp for 10/-. stances will the Court dispense with the husband's If you take this line you have the disadvantage consent. Ttiese circumstances would have to be set BEN URI GALLERY EXHIBITIONS that you have not disposed of your old name com out in detail in an application attached to the When photography was in its infant stages, pletely ; it still looms in the background. Your Deed. .\ decision will be made in every case on its painters were afraid that it might take the place passport will contain on page 5 the remark merits. of their creations, and in more recent times it has " Holder changed his name from to ," Change of name of a minor without the father's been frequently stated that painting should not although it will be made out in your new name. consent can only be granted if the mother or person compete with photography, but concentrate on You may still in legal documents. Court actions, who has custody or care and control of the child abstract and emotionally suggestive themes. It etc.. be described as " formerly known as " can prove that the change of name is solely in the is from this point of view that Archibald Ziegler's although your bank account, insurance policies, interest of the child. exhibition in the Ben Uri ,\rt Gallery is particularly etc., can be changed to the new name. After enrolment the old name disappears welcome; it brings out the essential qualities of the If you wish the old name to disappear once and completely and the new name starts its reign. The Israel landscape, the cubic character of its buildings, for all you must choose the more expensive way of appUcant has stiff to change his Identity Card, and the contrasts of the mat colours of the olive Change of Name by Deed Poll enrolled in the name on Ration Book, Banking Account, Passport, trees with the varied contours of the barren hills Central Office of the Supreme Court. This pro etc., by presenting the enrolled Deed. and straight roofed dwellings. These paintings cedure contains quite a few legal intricacies ; the Costs involved are not negligible. They consist express vision, integrity and detachment. Court is ver>' strict in seeing that all its regulations of Inland Revenue stamp, Court fees, advertising are foUowed to the letter before accepting the costs and charges of solicitor, whose services are In the same Gallery, the work of Rudolf Fraenkel, Deed for enrolment, and the inexperienced is bound in most cases indispensable. whose peregrinations have taken him from Germany to have the Deed returned to him for corrections via Rumania to this country, is also exhibited. and alterations. It is therefore advisable to seek The specific significance of his work may be seen legal advice for this kind of change. The application in the imaginative combination of the curve with can include the applicant's wife and children and By a printing error, last month's review of the the straight Une and rigid outline. One can only future issue. It has to be signed in the old and in " Manual of German Law " referred to a German wish that this gifted architect will not be lost to the new name and to be sealed in the presence of introduction of the book; it should read General this country by leaving us for the United States. two witnesses. This completed Deed has to be introduction. HELEN ROSENAU, Ph.D. AJR INFORMATION July, 1950 Pages vi^erner Rosenstock : Old Acquaintances Charell's "Firework": Germany's greatest THE OLDEST JEWISH PERIODICAL showman whose name was for years connected with BerUn's " Grosses Schauspielhaus " returned I In 1941, the Jewish Chronicle celebrated its the first reports on the pogroms in Russia were to Munich to give his latest discovery a try-out. I hundredth birthday. Now, delayed by war and published in 1881. From then onwards, it became Eric Charell who gave us in the old days the I post-war difficulties, the publishers present a fine one of the outstanding features of the Jewish immortal " Weisses Roessl " produced " Firework " book, which reviews the history of the Centenarian Chronicle to take up the cause of Jews who were with music by the gifted Swiss composer Paul (" The Jewish Chronicle, 1841—1941," 15s.). persecuted abroad. In order to inform the Jewish Burkhardt. Producers from London. Paris, and Periodicals seldom excel in longevity, and Jewish and non-Jewish public about the terrible happenings Broadway were there to attend the First Night. It periodicals, exposed to the ups and downs of the in Eastern Europe, for some time a special supple was an excellent idea to bring an " Operetta without Community which they are to serve, are even more ment, " In Darkest Russia." was issued. In those Singers." thus making us understand the clever often bound to suffer an early death. To have days, the chronicler very aptly says, two courses lyrics which Robert Gilbert, Jean Gilbert's son, wrote survived the vicissitudes of a whole century is were open to the Anglo-Jewish Community : " One for the beautiful show. " Firework " tells the therefore no mean achievement for the " Organ of was to consider its own interest exclusively and. story of a bourgeois birthday celebration disturbed Briti.sh Jewry." while lavishing charitable attention on the unhappy by a lost brother, a circus director. In the second act. Charell puts a whole circus performance as The history of the Jewish Chronicle reflects, at the fugitives, to see that as few as possible of them background on the stage, and Gustav Knuth. a same time, the history of the Anglo-Jewish Com remained in the country. The other was, to accept young Hans Albers with a sense of humour, is the munity. During the first period, questions of civic openly and steadfastly—come what might—the full man who stands in the middle of the happenings. emancipation stood in the foreground. There were responsibiUty of the traditional brotherhood of The producer hasn't lost his touch for colour; it also vigorous internal discussions, arising from the Israel. . . . The one was a path of caution, the was like drinking champagne, and not a minute estabUshment of the Reform Synagogue. The other that of self-respect, and it is to the credit of too long. In Rita Wottawa Charell discovered a ' Wissenschaft des Judentiims " was at its peak, Anglo-Jewry, that without counting the cost, it new Massary; but why should I make your mouth and Germany was a cultural centre of Jewish unhesitatingly adopted the latter." water—you will see " Firework " soon wherever thinking. It is therefore no coincidence that many Champion for Perse utee? you are. contributions then published in the Jetvish Whilst there was thus complete unanimity in the Meetings in Munich :—" Do you like to return Chronicle were EngUsh translations of articles from question of the pogrom victims, there were different Ludwig Philippson's " Allgemeine Zeitung des to London ? " .\lfred Polgar asked me on the last opinions on other problems of Jewish politics. In day in Munich when we had lunch together in the Judentums " and from other German Jewish 1895 Theodor Herzl paid a visit to England ; he sources. office of Hans Habe (who edits " Muenchner Illus- was greatly disappointed because Asher Myers, then trierte Zeitung "). I said " Yes," and added " Life The comparatively carefree attitude in which editor of the Jewish Chronicle, did not show much British Jews could indulge, came to an end when is so unnatural in Germany. I never lose the sympathy with his ideas. Nevertheless Myers feeling of a nightmare. Sometimes I think every agreed to publish an article by Herzl. which appeared thing will be not true any more the next morning. as a supplement to the issue of January I7th, 1896. . . ." Polgar replied: "... and I wish it wouldn t LETTER FROM ISRAEL under the title. " A Solution of the Jewish Question." Tel Aviv, June. 1950 be. . ." He has his headquarters in Zurich, and is This was practically the first publication of " Der travelling around to get impressions for his wonderful One Israel citizen in three thinks Government Judenstaat," whose original German version ap Feuilletons." Munich is certainly the most emploj'ees are doing their job well, one is sure they peared in Germany four weeks later. The same international city in Europe nowadays. Here I do it badly, while the third has no definite attitude, unbiased attitude in questions of Zionism found its met Walter Reisch, author of " Unfinished Sym having had no contact with the Government expression on a later occasion, though, at that time, phony " and "Maskerade." from Hollywood; machine. Such are the findings of a poll carried in a different setting. When in 1917 the Balfour Arnold Pressburger, the producer of many good out among 2,369 citizens by the PubUc Opinion Declaration was issued, the Jewish Chronicle was pictures, and Eric Godal, the wonderful cartoonist Institute between November. 1949, and January, under the editorship of the staunch Zionist Leopold from New York who used to work in Berlin once. 1950. Greenberg. .\ number of prominent Jews were Guenther Stapenhorst of Zurich was just preparing Immigrants have more complaints against opposed to the ideas underlying the Balfour Declara his new Erich Kaestner picture " Das doppelte Government employees than have old-timers. tion, but were, in view of the war restrictions, not Lottchen," and Hans Rameau, who scripted PoUtical affiUation has also much^bearing in the case, able to launch a periodical of their own. Leopold " Mazurka," now wTites the new Jenny Jugo and opposition foUowers are more likely to criticize Greenberg gave them hospitality and opened in his picture. Andre Mattoni from Rome, Peter Lorre Government employees than adherents of Coalition paper an anti-Zionist column under the title from Hollywood, and a lot of familiar faces from parties. " Leaves from a Jewish notebook." The author, all over the world meet here, not to speak of the The post office is the most liked Government who remained anonymous, was Laurie Magnus. "permanent": Egon Jameson who is again department, according to the poll, as 64 per cent When the Nazis came to power and a part of the Germany s best reporter, working for U.S. spon definitely said they liked the way postal officials general English press was still inclined to take a sored " Neue Zeitung " edited by Hans Wallen handle the public, while 35 per cent are critical complacent attitude, the J ewish Chronicle week after berg; G. F. Salmony who helps to make the news- of the treatment, and 1 per cent did not answer. week recorded " fresh chapters in the history of reels; E. G. Techow who is dubbing pictures for Other activities of the Ministry of Communications Jewish Martjadom." It is an honour for the editors the Americans, and many more. have the approval of 57 per cent, and the officials that the circulation of the paper in Germany was of the Ministry of Supply and Rationing managed forbidden by the Nazis as early as November, 1933. Neumann does it again :—G. Neumann who to alienate only 43 per cent of the public, while From the very outset of this Jewish weekly. scripted " Berliner BaUade " which you probably 52 per cent said they were good. Jews from the Continent played a leading part in saw in London's " Rialto." showed me his new The Ministry of Finance has less than 50 per cent its management. The founder, Isaac \'allentine, picture " Herrliche Zeiten." Hundreds of camera admirers, while the Ministry of Defence officials, though born in Belgium, was of German-Jewish men worked on it without knowing it; it is a cross- particularly those of the Rehabilitation Depart ancestry, and his father, Nathan Isaac Vallentine, a section of the first half of this century taken from ment, are not Uked by 62 per cent of the public. reader at the Hambro Synagogue in London, was old newsreels. and cleverly cut by young Erik Ode. The Ministry of the Interior, particularly the known as Nathan Breslau. The man. however, It is not only a reminder to the Germans of the Registration Department, are definitely looked without whose labours the development of the faults of the past: it is a terrible comedy of aU our down upon by 50 per cent of the public, and only Jewish Chronicle is unthinkable, was a Jew from mistakes. " Stars " are, among others. Kaiser 26 per cent find the officials fitted for their task. Bohemia, Abraham Benisch. He was the editor and Wilhelm, Count Zeppelin, Caruso, Hindenburg, Twenty-four per cent did not answer. proprietor from 1855 to 1869 and from 1875 until Stinnes, and some shots refer to the inflation, and Only 8 per cent of the population has to deal he died in 1878. He had come to this country in aU the Uttle things we have already forgotten. often with Government offices and 23 per cent has 1841 on behalf of a pre-Zionist Students' organisa "Kennen Sie den ? " is a song in the picture, and occasional contact with the Government, while tion in Vienna in order to interest British Jews in you see aU our film stars when they were still in 65 per cent has little or no contact. the resettlement of Jews in Palestine. As in those their youth. " HerrUche Zeiten " is not only an Immigrants from Germany. Austria and the days Jewish scholars were rare in England, he entertaining film, but a course in history. Yemen are most critical of the Government officials, settled down here for good. In the view of the Home News :—Marcella Salzer played Schnitz while the least opposition is recorded from immi chronicler, Benisch's style was " verbose and his ler, Dorothy Parker, and " Sorry wrong number " grants from Poland. Most appreciation comes from outlooks somewhat continental," but " he had an in London's little " Watergate " with success.— other employees, while members of kibbutzim are admirable mastery of the English language." Wanda Rotha went with the " Old Vic " company the most critical element of the public. People who Benisch's predecessor. Marcus Heymann to Switzerland and Elsinore to play the " Queen " ha.e been less than three years in the country are Bresslau, who was editor from 1849 to 1855. came in " Hamlet."—Martin Miller wiU go to the States the least content. from Hamburg and Leopold Kessler, owner from to play in " Daphne Laureola " on Broadway in 1907 until 1944, was born in Tarnowitz (Upper autumn.—Mischa Spolianski wTiting the music for Silesia). Marcel Hellman's musical " Happy go lovely " Dr. Hermann Maas, a German Pastor of Heidel with David Niven and Ceasar Romero.—Sport berg, who displayed considerable courage under the NEO-NAZISM IN AUSTRIA journalist WiUy Meisl went to South America by Nazis by assisting Jews, recently arrived for a visit According to the " Neue Front," the Salzburg plane to report about some important football in Israel. Dr. Maas had been in a concentration organ of the Federation of Independents, a certain matches.—Frederic Valk played " The Bells " at camp and was sentenced to death by the Nazis. Dr. Slavik is trying to reunite former Nazis in a the " Bedford."—Eric Gottgetreu who works for He was saved by the AUied Armies two days before new Leader Corps. Associated Press in Israel, on a visit in England.— his execution was due. The Israel .\uthorities have In Lower Austria, a certain Josef Kubitzka is Robert Stolz left London after preparing the received many letters in which citizens of the appealing for a National Democratic League, whose autumn production of his new operetta " Spring countn,' pointed out that they would feel honoured newspaper bears the significant name " Oester- in the Prater" at "StoUs". PEAI to be allowed to extend hospitality to the Pastor. reichischer Beobachter " ("Austrian Observer"). Page 6 AJR INFORMATION July, 1950
Of all the facts in life which are the object of wit flinching honesty, he gave dignity to the offices FROM MY DIARY and irony in Israel, the " zena " system, meaning entrusted upon him. He completes his 80th year austerity, is the most popular target. Dr. Dov in full strength of body and spirit. All those who The visit of the Hebrew Theatre, OHEL, to the Joseph. Minister of Supply and Rationing, has of have the privilege of knowing him from his Jewish London West End was an event much looked course to bear the brunt of this jocularity. There activities wish him many years of health and forward to. It was hoped that a two weeks' season are innumerable stories about him. happiness. of plays by one of the leading Israel stage groups One of the most blatant is that of a woman who •The latest " Birthday Honours " List includes would help to arouse the interest of the general who was queuing in front of a grocery store for Dr. Ludwig Guttmann (formerly Breslau). on public in the young theatrical ventures of Tel Aviv. hours and suddenly called out " I'm going to shoot whom the honour of the O.B.E. has been When I went to the Scala Theatre to see Sammy Dov Joseph." Off she went, but ten minutes later conferred. Dr. Guttmann has rendered outstand Gronemann's witty bibUcal comedy, " King Solomon she returned and took her place in the queue again, ing services as the neurological surgeon-in-charge and the Cobbler." the hall was only half full and I silently. of the Special Injuries Centre at Stoke Mandeville. knew almost all of the people present. It was like a " What's the matter," she was asked. " Did you He discovered a special paralysis treatment, which meeting of the Zionist Federation and I would not shoot him ? " " No." she repUed. " The queue enabled many wounded soldiers to return to normal have been surprised if someone would have got up there was even longer." life. and made an appeal for the J.P.A. As far as one Then there is the tale of a mysterious phone call Dr. Guttmann has always taken an active interest co«ld guess from these first performances, the non- received in Dov Joseph's office. A voice requested in Jewish affairs. The .'\JR, whose member he Jewish public was absent and even the Jewish to speak to the Minister. Joseph picked up the has been for many years, wishes to convey to him audiences were confined to the never disappointing receiver. its sincerest congratulations. old-timers. " I just wanted to tell you, sir," said a faint Dr. Walter Breslauer, LL.B., will celebrate Of course, the barriers of language might have voice, " that I am perfectly satisfied with present his 60th birthday on July 3. He was the Director held back many who otherwise would have liked to food restrictions. In fact, rationing doesn't affect of the Jewish Community, Berlin, and has been see an Israel theatre group, but this fear was not me at all." one of the founders and first Executive members justified as the action of each scene was explained " Would you mind speaking a little louder," of the AJR. Many achievements of the .\JR are in English over a loud-speaker before the curtain suggested the Minister. " I can't hear a word due to his initiative and to his loyal and untiring rose. The Times said that " the absence of intelligible you're saying." co-operation. words seems to magnify the effect on the eye. and " I'm sorry I can't speak any louder," said the .\s a Board member of the .\JR, as a member the mere sound of resonant voices using an un voice. " You see. I'm a goldfish ! of the Co-ordinating Committee of URO, and as familiar rhythm and a whole range of exotic intona a regular contributor to " AJR Information " he tions is as pleasant as it is curious. . . . Beyond the keeps permanent contacts with the day-by-day work outline extend all sorts of additional eft'ects, some Speaking of humour. Manfred George. Editor of at Fairfax Mansions. His friends here and abroad obscure, some brilliant, but all emphatically the " .'Vufbau." who had recently visited Israel, wish him many happy returns of the day. different from those in the theatre of everyday. . . . emphasises how the commenad of Hebrew by the AU is solemn and majestical and plain." children stands so often in contrast to that of their Rabbi Dr. Caesar Seligmann (formerly parents and other elders. Frankfurt a.M.) died in London in his 90th year. Dr. George tells the story of a Uttle boy and girl He was one of the outstanding Jewish religious who talk about marriage. The boy says that he leaders in Germany and well known as a scholar Mr. S. B. Sassoon, the Chairman of the Babylon knows exactly what it is all about. First one goes and eloquent preacher. He wrote a " History of Immigrant Society in Israel, who has come to to a rabbi, then there is a feast, and in the evening the Jewish Reform Movement " and edited the London on behalf of the Joint Palestine .Appeal, one retires to a room. " And then ? ", urges the widely used " Einheits-Gebetbuch." In this pleaded the other day before the Presidium of the giri. country, he took a most active part in the work of Zionist General Council that the Iraqi immigrants " Then," the boy repUes. " one locks the door and the Society for Jewish Study. should be given the status of war sufferers. He one starts talking in German." .•\t a Memorial Service at the West London said that they were casualties of the establishment Dr. George published his impressions on Israel in Synagogue addresses were delivered bv Rabbi Dr. of the State and were entitled to compensation for a little booklet " Miracle of Israel " (Aufbau- L. Baeck, Rabbi H. F. Reinhart, Rabbi Dr. G. their war lo.sses. Verlag. New York), which gives a vivid and personal Salzberger and Mr. Heinrich Stern. account of life and problems in the young state. Dr. Leon Schallt died in London at the age of 66. Mr. Sassoon. bom in Baghdad, speaks EngUsh He translated John Galsworthy's novels and plays fluently as he was educated at Oxford and was Another book dealing with Israel was pubUshed by Dr. Hardi Swarsensky in Buenos Aires. " Erobe- into German and was also a writer in his own right. called to the English Bar in 1929. He estimates the Before he emigrated he was the Hon. Secretary of possessions of the 30.000 Jewish families in Iraq at rung Durch Aufbau." which tells the important part which the Keren Kayemeth has played in the the .\ustrian PEN Club. In this country, he gave over /150,000.000. For the Jewish community in many lectures, especially in Refugee Clubs, until Iraq is not only the oldest in the world—2.600 years upbuilding of Israel and its land. NARRATOR he was compelled by ill-health to live in retirement. old—but also one of the richest. There is a danger The AJR. in whose endeavours he took an active that this fortune may be dissipated. The immigrants interest, will always gratefully remember the great are. of course, not permitted to take their property knowledge and charm of this modest and learned with them. Some have simply left it behind and PERSONALIA man. others have liquidated it at ridiculously low terms. Katntnergerichtsrat i.R. Leo Wolff wiU be 80 Dr. Julius Guttmann, Professor of Jewish Mr. Sassoon thinks that the rehabilitation of these years old on July 29. He was the President of the Philosophy at the Hebrew University, died in people without capital will be difficult because of Union of Prussian Jewish Communities and, for Jerusalem at the age of 70. Dr. Guttmann, who was their social structure. The majority are shop more than a decade, served on the Board of the born in Hildesheim, Germany, became a lecturer in keepers, small tradesmen, merchants and white- BerUn Jewish Community, at times as its Chairman. Breslau in 1910, and in 1919 was appointed lecturer collar workers. But there are also 1,000 professional He was the Acting Chairman on the fateful .^pril I, at the Academy for the Science of Judaism and men among them, including doctors, lawyers and 1933. and did the best possible under the circum Director of the Research Institute in Berlin. Hs engineers. stances to alleviate the blows falling on German had published a number of studies on reUgioue * Jewry. As a man of upright character and un philosophy of Kant, Spinoza and Yehuda Hale\-y.
CLASSIFIED YOUNG MAN, orthodox, wants short HOMELY AT.MOSPHERE required Mayer, Dr. Julius (Chemist), formerly Employment hand-typing job. Knowledge of by aged lady in comfortable Conti Berlin-Friedenau, Taunusstr. corner AJR EMPLOYMENT AGENCY (an French. Box 894. nental house with full board in North- Stubenrauchstr. nually licensed by the L.C.C.) has on West London. Box 891. Guggenheim, Wilhelm and wife, its register men and women (skilled WOMAN HAIRDRESSER, 20 years' experience, wants suitable situation. Miscellaneous nee .\beles, formerly Hamburg. Roten- and unskilled), also homeworkers of baumchaussee 128. any kind, sitters-in. Report vacancies Box 895. CORSETRY. Made to measure, re esp. for book- and storekeepers. pairs. Herta Herlitz. 264 West End Carp, Mr. M., from Berlin. Tel. MAI 4449. QUALIFIED .\CCOUNTANT, eflr- Lane, N.W.6. HAMpstead 5757. cient worker, seeks congenial work. GoUup, Mrs. Stehfi, from Berlin. EXPERIENCED SECRETARY Box 896. FOR SALE: 2 wardrobe trunks, 44 ins. Shorthand-Typist English, German, Biermann, Mrs. Jettie, formerly 23 HALF-JEWISH GIRL IN GER and 40 ins. high, other I trunks with seeks position. Box 899. trays 40 ins. deep by 22 ins. high and Oxford St., W.l. AGENT WANTED who would MANY would like to take job as domestic help in this country. Please smaller ones. 2 fitted cabin suitcases. Lamm, Mrs. Hilda, formerly 1 propagate advertising as a side line. write to Miss Helga Stern, Platzhofstr. Write or call 27 Crawford Avenue, King.scroft Road. N.W.7. Good connections, esp. with retailers, 12. W.-Elberfeld. Wembley, Mddx. restaurants, etc., desirable. Box 898. Levy, Hildegard, born June 5. 1899. ELDERLY LADY wants home work, LADY. 35, speaking several languages, Personal in Berlin, last Berlin address Fried- esp. darning stockings and linen repair with knowledge of hotel business, MARRIAGE PARTNER. Gentleman bergstr. 11. (without machine). Box 897. driving licence, is looking for a post as 32. exceU. appear., Brit., Germ, orig., receptionist in hotel or with doctor or desires to meet rcf. educ. attract, Inquiry from HIAS BOOK-KEEPING as housekeeper. Box 900. lady up to 38. Prefers own home, 1 Dryden Chambers. 119 Oxford Street, indep. means. Repl. treated strictly W.l IN ALL CURRENCIES, GERMAN LAWYER, fuUy qualified confid. Box 893. and experienced, for temporary legal Meyer, Alice, born 1926 in Vienna, PAYE, INVOICING, ETC. work in Germany sought. Box 889. MISSING PERSONS daughter of Julius and Ethel, n^e Are you without help in keeping your accounts ? Mandler, chemistry student, last knou-n Is your book'lceeper iH ? Is he on Holiday 7 Accommodation Inquiries from AJR address: 93 Lodge Avenue. Dagenham, Whatavar your raquiremcnts, they will b* met promptly and you can rest aMursd of .ACCOMMODATION of any kind Ambrunn, Hartl and Leonhard (or Essex, sought by aunt, Ida Rezac of th« be«t attention. Write to Box N r. 890 wanted. AJR Social Service L)ept. Bemhard), formerly .\schaffenburg. New York. AJR INFORMATION July, 1950 Page 7 FROM THE JEWS IN GERMANY A.J.R. ANNOUNCEMENTS Letter to the Editor Berlin. The result of the election to the AJR EMPLOYMENT AGENCY REPORTS A Jewish Gestapo Spy " Repraesentantenversammlung " of the Com We want to thank all employers who informed us Sir, munity is as foUows : Liberal Jewish List : 1,885 of vacancies. Through their help, we were able to / am surprised lo read the article " A Jewish (12 seats) ; National Jewish List : 1,416 (9 seats) ; place more people in June than in the previous Gestapo Spy " in your May 1950 issue—without Group for Reconstruction : 401 (2 seats) ; Inde months. even editorial comment. pendent Liberal List : 541 (3 seats). Altogether Men.—We still have on our Usts clerks, stock- Mr. Waldman knew thai this Herr Beneber had it 4,275 members of the Community went to the polls. and storekeepers, packers, book-keepers and elderly in his power to send thousands (possibly) of innocent Rabbi Steven S. Schwarzschild returned to men. who want to do unskilled work in their homes. Jews to be tortured andjor killed. It appears he did try U.S..\. after having served for 1| years as a Rabbi Women.—We have on our lists typists, trans to warn individuals against this man ; but, knowing in Berlin. He will be succeeded by Rabbi Nathan lators, machinists, finishers, cooks, companions, what he did, the steps Mr. Waldman took appear to Lewinsohn. a graduate of the Hebrew Union CoUege sitters-in and outdoor workers, who want part- or have been quite inadequate. To take effective action in Cincinnati, who had lived in Berlin before he full-time work. needed courage : but courage was called for. Had emigrated. Special Cases others of the Jewish Community in Switzerland Electrician, who fractured his leg and ankle by known the facts, this despicable person could have Mrs. L. Schwarzschild and Mr. Solomons termi" an industrial accident and was 14 months in plaster, been rendered harmless. ^ nated their activities as members of the Jewish is looking for home work, manual or typing. Own ReUef Unit, Berlin. To boast of his acquaintance with Beneber is bad typewriter. taste (if not worse) ; it cannot conceal lack of courage. Karl Kutschera. the owner of " Cafe Wien " and Man of 38, family father, strong and healthy, It seems that the least Mr. Waldman can now do is " Zigeunerkeller," died in Berlin at the age of 75. wants job as storekeeper (leather goods or shoes to say nothing more on the subject. .\fter his return from Theresienstadt in 1945, he preferred) or despatch-clerk, salesman. Some Yours, etc.. j^ Bendtn. again took charge of his estabUshments. He was knowledge of book-keeping. 144 Cholmley Gardens, AMI'.6. Hon. Chairman of the BerUn Union of Caterers. Former book-keeper wants part-time book keeping work, or home work. (Experience in hair The writer overlooks that the Jews in Germany were hostages Mainz. The Jewish Cemetery has been restored in the hands of the Gestapo; every act of violence against a curlers.) Gestapo official abroad would, as in the cases of Gustlolf and at the expense of the Municipal Authorities. Of Very reliable man. 49, wants work as assistant Von Rath, have led to " Strafajttionen."—THI;: KD. the 3,500 Jews who Uved in Mainz Ijefore 1933, only to stamp dealer. Experienced. 16 are still there. Altogether the community has " WORLD BROTHERHOOD " AGAINST now 53 members. LEGAL ADVICE HOURS HATRED Karlsruhe. The Municipal Children's Hospital In view of the varying attendance of the Legal .\t the initiative of the National Conference of was re-named " Franz Lust Kinderklinik," to Advice Hours (held on Sundays from 11 a.m. to Christians and Jews a new organisation to be known honour the memory of its founder, the well-known 12 noon for persons with limited means), it has as the " World Brotherhood " was established in Jewish Doctor, professor Lust, who committed been arranged that in futire Advisers only will be Paris. The Conference was attended by over 1.50 suicide after his release from the Dachau Concen present, if it is certain that their services, which leaders of religious, cultural and economic Ufe. tration Camp in 1938. they render in an honorary capacity, will be Speakers included Dr. Jaime Torres-Bodet, Secre required. Inquirers who wish to obtain Legal tary-General of UNESCO, Mr. Paul Reynaud, M. Darmstadt. The Synagogue of the Jewish Advice should therefore notify the AJR during Paul Henri Spaak and a number of important Community Centre was consecrated in the presence the preceding week, not later than Friday noon. European and .American industrialists. of Government and Church representatives. The AJR Legal Advice Hours only deal with general Amongst speakers from Germany were Dr. Alfred legal questions. Inquirers in matters of restitution Mayer, a Jewish lawyer of Wiesbaden, and Dr. and compensation should contact the United Ferdinand Friedensburg, Deputy Mayor of Berlin. TRIAL Restitution Ofiice, also at 8 Fairfax Mansions, Dr. Mayer pointed out that anti-Semitism was The author, Dr. Erwin Guido Kolbenheyer was London, N.W.3 (Maida Vale 9096). not dead in Germany; Dr. Friedensburg said that classified as " Minor Guilty " (Minderbelasteter). important work could be done through indirect He has to pay a fine of 1000 DM. In 1948, Kolben " THE HYPHEN" action, such as eUmination of antisemitic passages heyer had been classified as " Activist " and Sunday, July 16, 7.30 p.m., at 33 Seymour from films, broadcasts and the press. The President sentenced to 180 days' labour. The Court, by Place. W.l. Dr. Wilhelm Unger: " Astrology." of the West German Republic, Dr. Heuss. recalled which he was re-tried, took the view that poets and For particulars of rambles and other Hyphen in his message the disastrous consequences of racial philosophers had to be judged under special aspects. functions, apply with s.a.e. to Miss Ilse Leven. 78 hatred and pledged his Government to stamp out Kolbenheyer had joined the Nazi Party in 1940. Compayne Gardens. N.W.6. anti-Semitism.
AJR London 'ASHDALE GUESTHOUSE Thursday, July 27, 7.45 p.m.. 1 23. BEAULIEU ROAD Broadhurst Gardens, N.W.3. DR. BOURNEMOUTH W. BRUNO WEIL : " Nord-und Sued Tel. Westbourne 619471 amerika und seine Einwanderung seit /THE 5 min. Sea— All Conveniences—Winter 1933 " (see special announcement). I TIMES Residence tiow booi "..i^^icj Page 8 AJR INFORMATION July, 1950 INDUSTRIAL A. BRBUER TTPEWRITERS Now at P HOTOGRAPHY ZENITH Xlbe ©eneral TEvaui^port Photostat Copies, 57 Falrftuc Road* Co. %\.^. Photo Reproductions, Lithoprinting N.W.6 13, Coopers Row, London, E.C.3 TAILO Tel.: ROYal 8871/8 GOLDERSTAT, 9S,Cambridge Road, MAI 1271 International Shipping i. Forwarding Agents Kilburn, London MAI 3671/2 NEW STANDARD A PORTABLES in Stock for IMPORTS SERVICE LIMITED EXPORTS REMOVALS L. SCHEIBE WAREHOUSING foun. Poltt«rmoflb«l & littrftticniabrik. B«rlio F. FRIEDLAND PACKING Shop & Offlce Fitting, Our subtidisry Company— UPHOLSTERY Cabinet Maker, French Polishing, aicwaes & (Beiicral Cranes' Re - Upholstery and Re - cover of all Furniture Repair, Upholstery porta Xt&. kinds of Furniture and Mattresses General House Repairs NOW deal* with Pasienffor bookings by Loose Covers, Curtains, etc. AIR, RAIL A SEA 19 Links Rd., N.W.3. Tel.: GLA 7805 188 CAMBRIDGE ROAD. N.W.6 and for all AIR CARGO Tel : MAI 8910 AGENTS FOR ALL LINES AJR RELIEF DEPARTMENT WATCH, CLOCK & JEWELLERY 172 FINCULEY ROAD Branch Offices at Liverpool, Manchester, (Sponsored by the Central British Fund REPAIRS PARIS BOULOGNE S/MER. LONDON, N.W. 3 ( ^fo.^ ) We con Quote for C.I.F PRICES world for Jewish Relief and Rehabilitation) executed promptly by wide. Enquiries wiii receive prompt (between Finchley Rd. Underground attention 33, Compayne Gardens, E. LEDERER and L.M.S. Stats.) London, N.W.6 experienced watchmaker from Vienna Interior and Exterior (Finchlay Road Tube Station) M. GLASER. 31, BRISTOL GARDENS, W.9 Painting and Decorating PRACTICAL UPHOLSTERER Consignments should bs dispatched to (Warwick Ave. Stat.) (Furnltura rapainting incl.) AU Re-Upholstery, Carpets, this address and not to 8 Faiifax Mansions Tel.: CUN. 8582 Furniture Repair, French Polishing PAPERHANGING, WILL BE DONE TO YOUR SIGNWRITING, SATISFACTION — Please send us your used Phone HAMpstead S601 or call at GENERAL 02 FINCHLEY RO. (Child's Hill) N.W.2 clothing (if in good condition) HOUSE - REPAIRS for Israel and GLAZING •OPTICIAN- Wa need done by BABIES' and CHILDREN'S WEAR A. OTTEN, F.B.OJk. (Honour!) M. G. STREAT Men's Suits and Underwear, 30, Dennington Park Road, N.W.6 Books (in German or Hebrew) RECOGNISED FOR Tel. : HAM 1541 ALL OPTICAL BENEFITS Toys and Games If complete COMPLETE SERVICE Talephone: MAIDA VALE 7997 M. FISCHLER NEWMA>J'S 118 FINCHLEY ROAD. N.W.3 CONTINENTAL UPHOLSTERY FIRST CLAM WOREMANSHir AND BIST COSY (Oppoiita John Barnei and MATERIALS USED. CARPETS FITTED PInchUy Road, Met. Station). Sl-.tCt DONATED BY AND ALL EINDS OF FURNITURE MADE PHONE : HAM 8336 for Appointment S. W. k O. HALLGARTRN AND REPAIRED, ALSO CURTAINS AND SLIPPERS Wlaw and 5irlr CORSETS If you wish to appoint the Company as Executor of yoiu- TcL TEMple Bar 0S42/3/4 BRASSIERES Will, full piirticulars may be had from the Manager in Made to Measure complete privacy and without obligation. also Repairs — Alterations All Typei of Insunmeet wltk Mrs. E. SONNENFELD Lloyda and all Companiai Apply 24 St. John's Rd.,, Golders Green, PkMufor AppotKlmtni SPE inf. N.W.II Priaud by LANCLBY A SONS LTD., Baatoa Buildinn. Loodoa N.W I