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1 Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM HISTÓRIA LEONARDO DE OLIVEIRA CONEDERA MÚSICOS NO NOVO MUNDO: A PRESENÇA DE MUSICISTAS ITALIANOS NA BANDA MUNICIPAL DE PORTO ALEGRE (1925-1950) Porto Alegre, 2017 1 LEONARDO DE OLIVEIRA CONEDERA MÚSICOS NO NOVO MUNDO: A PRESENÇA DE MUSICISTAS ITALIANOS NA BANDA MUNICIPAL DE PORTO ALEGRE (1925-1950) Tese apresentada como requisito para a obtenção do grau de Doutor pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em História da Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Orientadora: Profª. Drª. Claudia Musa Fay Porto Alegre, 2017 2 3 LEONARDO DE OLIVEIRA CONEDERA MÚSICOS NO NOVO MUNDO: A PRESENÇA DE MUSICISTAS ITALIANOS NA BANDA MUNICIPAL DE PORTO ALEGRE (1925-1950) Tese presentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em História da Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Aprovada em 27 de março de 2017 BANCA EXAMINADORA: Profa. Dra. Claudia Musa Fay (orientadora) Prof. Dr. Antonio de Ruggiero (PUCRS) Prof. Dr. Luigi Biondi (UNIFESP) Profa. Vania Merlotti Herédia (UCS) Prof. Dr. Walter Zidarič (Université de Nantes) Porto Alegre 2017 4 Aos meus pais e a Núncia Santoro de Constantino (in memoriam) 5 AGRADECIMENTOS Estes sucintos agradecimentos, apesar de serem textualmente hierarquizados, mesclaram-se e ganharam importância em diferentes momentos. Expressão de minha gratidão, as palavras a seguir envolvem afetividades distintas. Ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em História da PUCRS, local que me oportunizou realizar os cursos de Mestrado e Doutorado. Obrigado a todos os professores e funcionários (da Secretaria e Laboratórios) da instituição que acompanharam e auxiliaram no andamento desta pesquisa ao longo dos anos. Ao CNPq, pela concessão de bolsa integral, proporcionando dedicação total à pesquisa, bem como a possibilidade de participação em eventos acadêmicos e demais atividades envolvidas neste projeto. À CAPES, pela concessão de bolsa de Doutorado Sanduíche (PDSE), essencial para a obtenção de fontes de pesquisa na Itália. À minha orientadora, Profª Drª Claudia Musa Fay, pela acolhida generosa no meio do caminho, e disponibilidade em orientar a minha pesquisa de Doutorado. Seu apoio e estímulo foram importantes no decorrer da pesquisa, bem como o convívio nestes três últimos anos de investigação. Ao Prof. Dr. Vittorio Cappelli, meu coorientador durante a realização do Doutorado Sanduíche na Università della Calabria. Sou muito grato por sua orientação e atenção recebidas no período no qual estive desenvolvendo minha pesquisa na Itália. Aos professores doutores Antonio de Ruggiero e Luigi Biondi, pelas orientações e sugestões no exame de qualificação da tese e durante o estudo desta investigação. Ao Prof. Dr. Walter Zidarič, pelas indicações bibliográficas valiosas a respeito da história da música italiana, do mesmo modo que seu incentivo durante o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa. Aos caríssimos amigos italianos que me acolheram no período de pesquisa que passei na Itália. Sou extremamente grato pelo tempo que pude passar ao lado das famílias 6 de Ruggiero, Roca, Satto, Frontani, Mammoli, Pizzicori, Ristori e Cammoranesi. Através de vocês pude aprender mais sobre a cultura e costumes italianos. À minha família e aos meus amigos, pelo apoio, paciência e compreensão de escutar os meus resultados de pesquisa e minha ausência em certos momentos. Aos professores, colegas e funcionários da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, com quem convivi desde a graduação, cada qual compondo uma parte do mosaico de profícuo relacionamento no espaço acadêmico nestes últimos anos. Sou muito grato à colega Julia da Rosa Simões, pelo incentivo, conversas e rica troca de informações e documentos que colaboraram bastante para a realização desta tese. Aos entrevistados, descendentes dos músicos italianos que atuaram na Banda Municipal de Porto Alegre. Suas colaborações foram muito importantes para a composição desta pesquisa. À Liani Gemignani, pela revisão gramatical do texto. Por fim, agradeço à estimada Profª Dra. Núncia Santoro de Constantino (in memoriam), orientadora original do projeto agora resultado em tese. Sou extremamente grato pelas lições de História, de Imigração Italiana e, principalmente, de ética profissional que pude aprender durante o período no qual fui seu aluno e orientando. Sinto-me honrado por ter integrado sua rede de pesquisa e, ao mesmo tempo, comprometido em manter seu importante legado historiográfico. 7 Emigrar significa reescrever-se sobre uma página branca. De todas iniciativas humanas é a mais complexa e difícil; e não permite o sucesso aqueles que não são resolutos, enérgicos e pacientes. Adriano Colloci, escritor e imigrante italiano, 1898 Preciso ver muitos rostos e ouvir muitas vozes, quando estudo imigração. Muitos rostos além daqueles que deram certo e cujos retratos estão emoldurados nas fábricas, nos bancos, nas grandes casas comerciais. Também preciso olhar para além dos rostos daqueles infelizes que não deram certo e cujas fotografias estão estampadas nas páginas policiais. Opressores e oprimidos não esgotam o assunto. Preciso ver e ouvir muito para reconstruir, com todas as deficiências que uma reconstrução supõe, o complexo e multifacetado fenômeno da imigração. São as vozes que me devolvem os rostos de pessoas comuns”. Núncia Santoro de Constantino, Historiadora, 2006. 8 Resumo Esta tese analisa a participação e contribuição dos músicos italianos que foram personagens importantes na constituição do primeiro corpo musical da Banda Municipal de Porto Alegre (1925-1950). A partir da análise da presença de musicistas peninsulares pretende-se avançar acerca da dinâmica da imigração qualificada, visto que esses artistas provenientes da Itália se inseriram na sociedade receptora para preencher uma necessidade do contexto musical porto-alegrense. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar os fatores que proporcionaram a imigração desse grupo de artistas, a maneira como se integraram na sociedade, na qual foram acolhidos, e as contribuições que trouxeram. São destacadas as características do contexto e da formação musical na Itália e no Brasil. Os músicos peninsulares agregaram novas competências na esfera musical da capital gaúcha através da sua participação em iniciativas musicais, bem como no apoio do desenvolvimento da profissionalização da sua atividade. Esses também mantiveram através da música um elo com o seu grupo étnico e com a cultura do país de origem, participando em inúmeras ocasiões de festejos e associações relacionadas à Itália. Palavras-chave: Músicos italianos. Imigração Italiana. Imigração qualificada. Porto Alegre. 9 Riassunto Questa tesi analizza la presenza e il contributo di alcuni musicisti italiani che ebbero un ruolo importante nella formazione del corpo musicale della Banda Comunale di Porto Alegre (1925-1950). Investigando sulle traiettorie degli strumentisti italiani, l’intento è stato quello di studiare meglio le dinamiche dell’ immigrazione qualificata, considerando che si inserirono nella società di accoglienza per colmare un vuoto di specializzazione nel contesto locale. Lo studio si è concentrato sui fattori che permisero l’emigrazione di questi artisti, la loro integrazione nella nuova società e il contributo che apportarono. Si è dato un particolare rilievo alle caratteristiche del contesto formativo musicale tra l’Italia e il Brasile. I musicisti italiani aggregarono nuove competenze nella sfera culturale del capoluogo del Rio Grande del Sul attraverso la partecipazione a numerose iniziative musicali. Quindì si è insistito sul ruolo e sul contributo di questi italiani che si inserirono nel milieu artistico brasiliano della prima metà del novecento. Inoltre, si è osservato il legame che mantennero con il proprio gruppo etnico e con le proprie tradizioni musicali, così come la partecipazione all’associazionismo italiano. Parole-chiavi: Musicisti italiani. Immigrazione Italiana. Immigrazione qualificata. Porto Alegre. 10 Abstract This thesis analyzes the participation and contribution of the Italian musicians who were important personages in the constitution of the first musical body of the Municipal Band of Porto Alegre (1925-1950). From the analysis of the presence of peninsular musicians, it is intended to advance the dynamics of qualified immigration, since these artists from Italy were inserted in the receiving society to fill a need of the musical context porto-alegrense. This study aims to analyze the factors that provided the immigration of this group of artists, the way in which they were integrated in the society in which they were received, and the contributions they brought. The characteristics of the context and musical formation in Italy and Brazil are highlighted. The Italian musicians have added new skills in the musical sphere of the capital of the state of Rio Grande do Sul through their participation in musical initiatives, as well as in the support of the professional development of their activity. These also maintained through music a link with their ethnic group and the culture of the country of origin, participating in numerous occasions of festivities and associations related to Italy. keywords: Italian Musicians. Italian Immigration. Qualified Immigration. Porto Alegre. 11 LISTA DE FIGURAS Figura 1: Società Vittorio Emanuele II di Porto Alegre.................................................73 Figura 2: Società Elena de Montenegro
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