Tese Daniele Acuña

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Tese Daniele Acuña UFRRJ INSTITUTO DE VETERINÁRIA CURSO DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS VETERINÁRIAS TESE Morfologia dos Ovos e Estágios Larvais de Eurytrema coelomaticum (Giard & Billet, 1892) (Digenea, Dicrocoeliidae) e Análise Bioquímica da Interface Parasito-Primeiro Hospedeiro Intermediário, Bradybaena similaris (Férussac, 1821) (Gastropoda, Xanthonychidae) Daniele de Oliveira Franco Acuña 2011 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO INSTITUTO DE VETERINÁRIA CURSO DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS VETERINÁRIAS MORFOLOGIA DOS OVOS E ESTÁGIOS LARVAIS DE Eurytrema coelomaticum (GIARD & BILLET, 1892) (DIGENEA, DICROCOELIIDAE) E ANÁLISE BIOQUÍMICA DA INTERFACE PARASITO-PRIMEIRO HOSPEDEIRO INTERMEDIÁRIO, Bradybaena similaris (FÉRUSSAC, 1821) (GASTROPODA, XANTHONYCHIDAE) DANIELE DE OLIVEIRA FRANCO ACUÑA Sob a Orientação do Professor Doutor Jairo Pinheiro da Silva e Co-orientação das Professoras Doutoras Solange Viana Paschoal Blanco Brandolini e Aleksandra Menezes de Oliveira Tese submetida como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Doutora em Ciências, no Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Área de Concentração em Parasitologia Veterinária. Seropédica, RJ Julho de 2011 UFRRJ / Biblioteca Central / Divisão de Processamentos Técnicos 578.65 A189m Acuña, Daniele de Oliveira Franco, 1979-. T Morfologia dos ovos e estágios larvais de Eurytrema coelomaticum (Giard & Billet, 1892) (Digenea, Dicrocoeliidae) e análise bioquímica da interface parasito-primeiro hospedeiro intermediário, Bradybaena similaris (Férussac, 1821) (Gastropoda, Xanthonychidae) / Daniele de Oliveira Franco Acuña - 2011. 132 f.: il. Orientador: Jairo Pinheiro da Silva. Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias. Bibliografia: f. 96-111. 1. Parasitas – Teses. 2. Eurytrema coelomaticum - Morfologia – Teses. 3. Larva - Teses. I. Silva, Jairo Pinheiro da,1969-. II. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias. III. Título. A minha pequena Sophia, sentido da minha vida. AGRADECIMENTOS A Deus, toda honra, toda a glória e todo louvor. Aos meus pais, Antônio José e Maria da Penha, por plantar boa semente que fez de mim o que sou hoje. Ao meu marido, Freddy, por tudo. Mas especialmente pelo apoio incondicional, por se alegrar comigo e por contribuir em mais uma conquista. A minha pequena e querida, Sophia. Por me acompanhar nesta jornada desde o ventre; pela paciência, entre uma mamada e outra, e por me dividir com a “Sr.ª Pesquisa”, mesmo que a contra gosto. Gostaria que soubesse que é o que tenho de mais precioso. Aos meus Mestres, Jairo e Solange, orientadores, colaboradores, parceiros, queridos, amados, amigos. À UFRRJ, instituição esta que me recebeu com carinho, através de seus professores, demais funcionários, colegas de turma, que me proporcionaram vivências fundamentais para que este sonho se concretizasse. À Prof.ª Dr.ª Aleksandra Menezes de Oliveira, UFRJ, IBCCF, RJ, pela realização das análises através de microscopia eletrônica. À Beatriz Ferreira Ribeiro, Giovana Alves de Moraes e Márcia Adriana da Silva pelo suporte técnico, especialmente para realização da microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. Ao Frigorífico Irapuru Indústria e Comércio de Carnes Ltda, Barra Mansa, RJ, Brasil, pela concessão de material, especialmente à Dr. Alexandre, D. Geraldina e Juca. À FAPERJ e ao CPGCV/UFRRJ pelo suporte financeiro. Enfim, a todos que de maneira direta ou indireta contribuíram nas diferentes etapas do desenvolvimento deste trabalho. Somente uma palavra pode expressar o que sinto: Obrigada! BIOGRAFIA Daniele de Oliveira Franco Acuña, filha de Antônio José Franco e Maria da Penha de Oliveira Franco, nascida em 1979, no município do Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Realizou o Ensino Fundamental nas Escolas Municipais Evaristo de Moraes e Abrahão Jabour e o Ensino Médio no Instituto de Educação Sarah Kubitschek, RJ. Em agosto de 2001 ingressou na Universidade Castelo Branco, trabalhando no estudo dos impactos ambientais causados pela introdução de Achatina fulica , sob a orientação da Prof.ª Dr.ª Solange Viana Paschoal Blanco Brandolini. Graduou-se em Licenciatura e Bacharelado em Ciências Biológicas, pela UCB, em julho de 2005. Em março de 2006, ingressou no Curso de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias – Parasitologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, UFRRJ, a nível de Mestrado, onde realizou estudo sobre a morfologia e ultraestrutura de larvas de nematóides encontradas em Achatina fulica , sob a orientação do Prof. Dr. Jairo Pinheiro da Silva. Graduou-se em Mestre em Ciências Veterinárias – Parasitologia Veterinária, pela UFRRJ, em fevereiro de 2008. Dando continuidade à carreira acadêmica, em março de 2008, ingressou no mesmo curso e instituição, porém a nível de Doutorado. RESUMO FRANCO-ACUÑA, Daniele de Oliveira. Morfologia dos ovos e estágios larvais de Eurytrema coelomaticum (Giard & Billet, 1892) (Digenea, Dicrocoeliidae) e análise bioquímica da interface parasito-primeiro hospedeiro intermediário, Bradybaena similaris (Férussac, 1821) (Gastropoda, Xanthonychidae). 2011. 132p. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Veterinárias, Parasitologia Veterinária). Instituto de Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 2011. Eurytrema coelomaticum parasita ductos pancreáticos de ruminantes na América do Sul, Europa e Ásia. Este estudo objetivou analisar a morfologia dos ovos e estágios larvais intramolusco de E. coelomaticum e as alterações bioquímicas em Bradybaena similaris ocasionadas pela infecção. Os ovos, esporocistos e cercárias foram coletados, processados e analisados através de microscopia de luz (ML), eletrônica de varredura e transmissão, sendo os miracídios observados apenas por ML. Análises bioquímicas foram realizadas, determinando os conteúdos de proteínas totais, amônio e atividade da AST, ALT e γGT na hemolinfa de moluscos infectados e não infectados. Ovos são operculados, alongados, de coloração marrom escura quando maduros, com 44,97±3,83µm de comprimento e 30,71±2,54µm de largura. Miracídio com corpo alongado no sentido antero-posterior coberto por cílios, presença de terebratorium na região anterior e células germinativas na metade posterior do corpo. Os esporocistos de primeira geração tinham corpo arredondado ou alongado (0,1078mm), com numerosas bolas germinativas em seu interior e tegumento sem especializações evidentes, apresentando dobras e grânulos, sendo composto por uma camada sincicial externa, lâmina basal e duas camadas musculares, circular e longitudinal, seguida pelo corpo celular (cíton) com o núcleo. Esporocistos de segunda geração, obtidos de dissecações dos moluscos, apresentaram formato variado, uma região cônica com estriações transversais e longitudinais, chamada de extremidade anterior e outra com um prolongamento, semelhante à probóscide, a extremidade posterior. A parede do corpo com as mesmas camadas do esporocisto de primeira geração, mas a camada sincicial externa invagina e uma camada amorfa está presente entre as camadas sincicial e de músculos circulares, intensa atividade secretória com grânulos e vesículas secretoras na camada externa; sistema excretor protonefridial. Esporocistos expelidos exibem uma estrutura degenerada nas regiões anterior e posterior do corpo; região mediana inchada. O endocisto de parede fibrilar inclui as cercárias, material amorfo, membranoso e secretório. Cercárias apresentam ventosa oral com um número de papilas maior do que a ventosa ventral, ausência de espinhos no tegumento e na cauda, com glândulas de penetração laterais e pré-acetabulares com ductos que se abrem em uma cavidade na extremidade anterior. As células- flama laterais se comunicam com finas ramificações que convergem para dois ductos excretores, os quais se abrem na vesícula excretora posterior. Tegumento com uma camada externa sincicial e amorfa com mitocôndrias e intensa atividade secretora. Camada muscular circular seguida pela longitudinal e, em sequência, conectada à região interna do tegumento, onde está o corpo celular com o núcleo. Presença de célula-flama típica. Células somáticas com retículo endoplasmático bem desenvolvido, grânulos secretores e núcleo evidente. O conteúdo de proteínas totais aumentou em 543% aos 82 dias na hemolinfa dos moluscos infectados, porém aos 100 dias de infecção houve uma queda brusca nesses valores, com diferença significativa entre os grupos, infectado e controle. A concentração de amônio na hemolinfa dos moluscos variou significativamente ao longo da infecção, exceto aos 60 dias, quando comparados os dois grupos estudados. A análise da atividade das aminotransferases (AST, ALT e γGT) sugere que os parâmetros não são bons indicadores de lesão nos tecidos do hospedeiro. Palavras-chave: Eurytrema coelomaticum , morfologia, estágios larvais intramolusco. ABSTRACT FRANCO-ACUÑA, Daniele de Oliveira. Morphology of eggs and larval stages of Eurytrema coelomaticum (Giard & Billet, 1892) (Digenea, Dicrocoeliidae) and biochemical analyse of interface first intermediate host-parasite, Bradybaena similaris (Férussac, 1821) (Gastropoda, Xanthonychidae). 2011. 132p. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Veterinárias, Parasitologia Veterinária). Instituto de Veterinária, Departamento de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 2011. Eurytrema coelomaticum parasitizes pancreatic ducts of ruminants in South America, Europa and Asia. The present study aimed analyze
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