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Pesticide Residues in Food 2007 – Report, 2007 (E)

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Pesticide Residues in Food 2007 – Report, 2007 (E) FAO Pesticide residues PLANT PRODUCTION in food 2007 AND PROTECTION PAPER Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues 191 Report of the Joint Meeting of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food and the Environment and the WHO Core Assessment Group on Pesticide Residues Geneva, Switzerland, 18–27 September 2007 WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2007 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. ISBN 978-92-5-105918-0 All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to: Chief Electronic Publishing Policy and Support Branch Communication Division FAO Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy or by e-mail to: [email protected] © FAO 2007 i CONTENTS List of participants ..................................................................................................................................iii Abbreviations.........................................................................................................................................vii Use of JMPR reports and evaluations by registration authorities...........................................................ix 1. Introduction.........................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Declaration of interest .........................................................................................................2 2. General considerations........................................................................................................................3 2.1 Short-term dietary intake assessment: further considerations .............................................3 2.2 Codex maximum residue limits for compounds no longer supported by companies/sponsors.............................................................................................................4 2.3 Toxicological relevance of triazole fungicides and their common metabolites ..................5 2.4 Setting of reference values for organophosphorus pesticides: relevance of the biochemical characteristics of the individual compounds...................................................6 2.5 Consideration of selection of residue data from supervised trials.......................................7 2.6 Reconsideration of alternative GAPs ..................................................................................8 2.7 MRLs for processed foods (establishment of MRLs and/or processing factors for processed and ready-to-eat foods).......................................................................................9 2.8 Crop groups and commodity group MRLs........................................................................15 2.9 Statistical methods for the estimation of MRLs ................................................................18 2.10 OECD Livestock Feed Tables - JMPR Calculation of livestock dietary burden ..............21 2.11 Status report from the OECD Expert Group on Residue Chemistry Guidelines...............24 2.12 Residues in dried chilli peppers.........................................................................................24 3. Response to specific concerns raised by the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues ...................29 3.1 Carbendazim (072) ............................................................................................................29 3.2 Bifenazate (219) ................................................................................................................29 3.3 Methiocarb (132)...............................................................................................................30 3.4 Quinoxyfen (223) ..............................................................................................................31 3.5 Thiabendazole (065)..........................................................................................................32 4. Dietary risk assessment for pesticide residues in foods....................................................................33 5. Evaluation of data for acceptable daily intake and acute dietary intake for humans, maximum residue levels and supervised trial median residue values................................................................37 5.1 Aminopyralid (220) (T, R)* ..............................................................................................37 5.2 Atrazine (T) .....................................................................................................................43 5.3 Azinphos methyl (002) (T)**............................................................................................54 5.4 Captan (007) (T)................................................................................................................60 5.5 Carbaryl (008) (R).............................................................................................................64 5.6 Clofentezine (156) (R)**...................................................................................................65 5.7 Cyfluthrin (157) (R)**/ beta-Cyfluthrin (228) (R)*..........................................................78 5.8 lambda-Cyhalothrin (146) (T) ...........................................................................................91 5.9 Cyromazine (169) (R)** ...................................................................................................98 5.10 Difenoconazole (224) (T, R)* .........................................................................................112 5.11 Dimethomorph (225) (T, R)* ..........................................................................................141 5.12 Fenitrothion (037) (T,R)..................................................................................................161 5.13 Fenpyroximate (193) (T).................................................................................................167 5.14 Flusilazole (165) (T, R)**...............................................................................................171 5.15 Folpet (041) (T)...............................................................................................................194 5.16 Indoxacarb (216) (R).......................................................................................................198 5.17 Phosmet (103) (R) ...........................................................................................................199 5.18 Procymidone (136) (T)**................................................................................................202 5.19 Profenofos (171) (T)**....................................................................................................210 5.20 Propiconazole (160) (R)** ..............................................................................................216 ii 5.21 Pyrimethanil (226) (T, R)*..............................................................................................234 5.22 Triadimefon (133)/ Triadimenol (168) (R)**..................................................................249 5.23 Triazophos (143) (R)**...................................................................................................271 5.24 Zoxamide (227) (T, R)* ..................................................................................................274 6. Recommendations...........................................................................................................................289 7. Future work..................................................................................................................................... 291 Annex 1: Acceptable daily intakes, short-term dietary intakes, acute reference doses, recommended maximum residue limits and supervised trials median residue values recorded by the 2007 Meeting.................................................................................................................................293 Annex 2: Index of reports and evaluations of pesticides by the JMPR ...............................................307 Annex 3: International estimated daily intakes of pesticide residues...................................................319 Annex 4: International estimates of short-term dietary intakes of pesticide residues ..........................353 Annex 5: Reports and other documents resulting from previous Joint Meetings ................................381 Annex 6. Livestock dietary burden tables............................................................................................387
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